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Bustanul ArifinAndi Mukhtar Tahir
Irwan Priyanto
The Preliminary Analysis of Spectral Radiance Design of IR Bolometer Sensor for Wild Fire Detection in Indonesia
IntroductionMethodologyDiscussionConclusion & Future
Work
CONTENT
Indonesia’s Geographic
other wide-
spread natural features
Tropical Forest,
Peat land, etc
Active Volcanoes
IR Microbolometer inside Lapan’s A4 Microsat
TWO FACTORS
TIR’s Mission
Wild Fire
Volcano
LST
SST
INDONESIA’s HOT SPOT AND WILD FIRE2010 - 2013
Back
Indentify possibility mission using IR Bolometer.
Crosschecked with disasters data happened in Indonesia
Identify potential users that are possible mainly for wildfire
Spectral radiance analysis based on Planck’s Law (whether both wavelengths 4 µm and
11 µm can detect wildfire ?)
Calculate Temperature relation between temperature and radiance, fraction burn area and BT, fraction and temperature, pixel size
and BT and temperature difference
Feasibility result for wavelengths 4 µm and 11 µm
Proses Design of the spectral radiance of LAPAN A4's Microbolometer
Potential Users•The National Agency Disaster Management (BNPB)•Ministry of forestry•Ministry of Agriculture •Ministry for Environment•Indonesian National Police•Indonesian National Army (TNI)
TIR FOR WILDFIRE
Why 4 & 11 ??
0.1 1.3 2.5 3.7 4.9 6.1 7.3 8.5 9.7 10.912.113.314.50.00E+00
1.00E+01
2.00E+01
3.00E+01
4.00E+01
5.00E+01
6.00E+01
300k6000k270K973 K1100K250K
Wavelength (micron)
Radiance
Sun light
Fire
Land
Cloud
11um is suitable for estimate ground temperature
4µm Sun and Earth radiance are low Radiance from fire can be visible
Spectral Radiance for all possible missions
Temperature vs Radiance
210
300
390
480
570
660
750
840
930
1020
1110
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
4micron11micron
Temperature
Radiance
Combination of 4µm & 11µm
210
270
330
390
450
510
570
630
690
750
810
870
930
990
1050
1110
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
4micron11micron
For <320K, radiance of 4µm is quite weak, 11µm should be used.
Fraction Burn Area vs BT
0 20 40 60 80 100 1200
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
percentage of burn-ing area 4micropercentage 11 micro
BT
FRACTION
WILD FIRE
This graph represents Mixcel of 1000K burn area and 300K unburn area. 4 micron Brightness Temperature (BT) higher in every fraction but 1% fraction 11 micron considerable
FRACTION Vs TEMPERATURE
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
percentage of burn-ing area 4micropercentage 11 micro
Using HgCdTe sensor, 0.01% burning pixel can be detected (+10K)
Using bolometer, >320K can be observed with 4 umThis corresponds to 0.05%. We need pixel size with1/5 area (300m px)
Using 11um bolometer back ground pixel vary in 5 K 0.2% burning pixel can be detected as fire (1/20 pixel area required200m)
Pixel Size vs BT vs Temp Diff
BT
Pixel Size
Temp Difference
WILD FIRE
CONSIDERABLE USE 11 MICRON 200 meter
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200300.0
310.0
320.0
330.0
340.0
350.0
360.0
370.0
380.0
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
411Dt
200m is least resolution for fire detection with 11 um
400m is least resolution for fire detection with 4 um
Least temperature 4um micro bolometer can observe
If we utilize temperature difference between 4um and 11um, we can neglect the back ground temperature variation.
Back
In order to detect wildfire 4 m wavelength has strong signal, instead of 11 m band. However, the 4 m band generally is not available today, and its lens needs special order. Meanwhile, the 11 m wavelength is available already and the price is not expensive. Therefore, we conclude that 4 m is the best wavelength to detect wild fire, and it is needed to complement the existing spectral, 11m. Although 4 micron is very expensive recently, it will be possible in the future
Future Work11 µm 4 µm 4 µm-11 µm
Good Available alreadyInexpensive
Strong signal Stable background Temperature difference
Bad Weak signal Not available todayLens is special order
Both 4 µm & 11 µm needed
Other Low temperature can be observed SST and other
SST also available
Volcano will be the next target of our analysis.Moreover, to estimate LST or SST , we need absolute values of 11 µm, However, 8-12 µm (UNIFORM) sensor include much absorption, so we suggest to have a 11 µm and 12 µm filter to avoid the absorption.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
TERIMA KASIH
bus_ar @ yahoo.combustanul @ lapan.go.id
bustanul.arifin8 @ gmail.com