Britain Reports Quick Successes in Sharp Offensive by Sea and Air Three German Ships In Atlantic Sunk, Communique Says

Results of Kiel Canal Raid Better Than First Reported, Is Statement

By the Associated Press.

LONDON, Sept. 6.—Great Britain reported a series of quick successes

today in a sharp offensive against German war and merchant ves- sels.

An early morning communique from the ministry of information said British forces in the Atlantic had destroyed three German ships “which might have been converted Into armed raiders.”

At the same time, it was an- nounced Monday’s bombing raids by the Royal Air Force on two German battleships at the entrance to the Kiei Canal, linking the North Sea with the Baltic, had turned out to be “even more successful than was originally reported.”

Attacks by British warships on German submarines “in several lo- calities” were announced in the communique, which said also that | several British merchant vessels had been attacked or sunk by German submarines. The Cunard Line yes- terday disclosed its steamer Bosnia had been sunk.

One Entire Crew Saved. A brief communique issued by the

admiralty announced the crew of 60 of the Carl Fritzen. one of the German ships to go down, was saved. Names of the other ships were not available immediately.

The Carl Fritzen, due in Buenos Aires next Thursday to load a cargo for Germany, was believed a victim of the cruiser Ajax, also credited with sinking the freighter Olinda Sunday and sending her crew to Montevideo aboard a British tanker.

At least two German vessels were

prepared for an attempt to dodge British vessels off Buenos Aires in an effort to reach Germany.

The freighter Gonzenbeim swung Into the Rio Plata River and headed toward the ocean. The freighter Anatolia sailed from Rosario toward Hamburg with a cargo of cereals.

The British sea attack was co- ordinated with successive aerial "raids” in which a total of 9,000,000 leaflets were scattered on German industrial areas. The leaflets said the war was not against the Ger- mans, but against their Nazi leader- ship. and urged them to “get rid of Hitler.”

Co-ordination of the British armed forces into a single unified army was announced by the ministry of information.

All units of the regular army, territorial army, militia and other auxiliary forces were merged through important changes in administra- tion.

Lt. Gen. Sir Douglas Brown- bigg. hitherto director general of the territorial army, was appointed adjutant of the British field forces. The deputy director general, Maj. Gen. Sir John Brown, was named deputy general in the war office.

The Duke of Gloucester, the King's brother, was appointed to serve as chief liaison officer to the British field force.

U..VIWJ a UVUUU111J niMtnCUl

The ministry of information also announced that the new ministry of economic warfare will correspond broadly to the ministry of blockade created during the last war. The communique said the aim of the ministry headed by R. H. Cross would be to disorganize the enemy’s economy and “prevent him from effectively carrying on the war.”

Its activities will be of the widest possible scope, the statement added, but “every effort will be made to take acount of legitimate trading needs of neutral countries.”

The ministry has been in the process of organization for two years, the communique said.

The same communique, under the heading “naval affairs,” said that because no news was published of the destruction of or damage to enemy submarines "it must not be assumed that no successes have been achieved.”

The economic warfare ministry will work closely with French au- thorities. It was announced a French delegation headed by Paul Morand already had arrived in London for this purpose.

Military Steps Analyzed. The British strategists viewed ;

hews of the Polish retreat as "not good but not unexpected.” They pointed out that the narrow neck of Poland, pinched between Germany : and East Prussia, was particularly : vulnerable. They asserted with- 1 drawal of the Poles was based on the realization that holding the Corridor against flanking artillery fire and air raids for any length of time was practically impossible and not worth the losses entailed.

r

NEW POLISH CAPITAL—The lightning drive of the German Army and the fierce raids of German air squadrons drove the Polish government from Warsaw yesterday. Reports from

Budapest said the capital was being established in Lublin, a scene of which is shown above,

—A. P. Wirephoto.

Bremen (Continued From First Page.)

occupied about the whereabouts of three pocket battleships, the Deutschland, the Admiral von Spee and the Admiral von Scheer, which were reported three days ago in the Baltic but are now understood here to be cruising "somewhere in the Atlantic." There are only five ves- sels in the Franco-British navies capable of catching and fighting these three German ships, which may themselves effect a junction with the Bremen. The possibilities of the air force in assisting or de- tecting or bombing commerce de- stroyers, and indeed in marine oper- ations generally, are eagerly can- vassed in French naval circles.

Air War Predicted. One naval aviator advanced the

startling theory that this war. at least in its earlier stages outside of Poland, would be exactly the oppo- site of what has been generally anticipated. He said: "Most au- thorities predicted the war would immediately lead to a bloody slaugh- ;er of troops attacking impregnable fortifications and a holocaust of livilian lives from air raids. I will lot be surprised if the army lead- ers show reluctance to attack fortifi- :ations without the longest and most eareful preparations.

“It is also possible that the Ger- mans will refrain from mass bomb- ing of Franco-British cities, not from motives of humanity, but according to what is believed in many quarters to be Hitler’s plan ’or defeating Poland by a lightning var and then attempting to make leace. I do not for a moment sug- gest that the allies are likely to iccept this offer, but there seems -eason to think that Hitler enter :ains this idea

“I doubt whether our side would :are to initiate raiding of populous ;enters unless or until the Germans fid so and we were forced to make reprisal. Accordingly, the coming weeks may show the extraordinary spectacle of a war being fought not ;ven by small professional armies, is in the pre-Napoleonic period, but Dy highly trained bodies of airmen, like the ancient knights or gladi- ators.”

Bremen Lifebuoys Found Before Liner Sailed ORLEANS, Mass., Sept. 6 (£■).—With

arief flurry of excitement spread shrough this Cape Cod town today when it was learned that two life- >uoys marked “Bremen”—apparently Delonging to the huge German liner mreported since she left New York ast Wednesday—had been washed jp on Orleans beach.

Coast guardsmen said, however, the Irst buoy was found at midnight Wednesday. Since this was only ipproximately four hours after the 3remen left New York, officers as- serted it would have been physically ‘impossible” for the ship herself to lave reached Cape Cod in that time. It would have been even more

mpossible for the lifebuoys to have loated any distance to the shore it this spot—near the "elbow” of he cape—in the brief time after the 3remen sailed.

Boatswain's Mate Louis Silva ex- iressed the belief the buoys might lave been lost overboard on the 3remen's westward crossing.

Reich Reviews Negotiations 'White Book' Accuses England '

Of Responsibility for War 4

By the Associated Press. BERLIN. Sept. 6—The German

government last night issued a white book describing recent phases of Polish-German relations and con-

cluding that England is “responsible for the war.”

It charged that England “sabo- taged Premier Mussolini's efforts to preserve peace.” Documents were quoted to establish a German con- tention that neither Poland nor

England was in a mood for compro- mise during the last critical mo- ments.

The white book argument was di- vided into 12 divisions on a chrono- ligical basis.

1. Beginning in August the Reich took note of an exchange of com- munications between the Free City of Danzig and Poland which culmi- nated in the Polish ultimatum con-

cerning the rights of Polish cus- toms inspectors.

Poland Warned by Germany. Germany warned Poland that any

more ultimatums to Danzig would strain relations between Germany and Poland. Poland allegedly replied that any German interference in events at Danzig would be regarded as an aggression against Poland.

2. On August 22 Prime Minister Chamberlain "under the influence of reports of the impending conclusion of the non-aggression pact between Germany and Russia" in a personal letter to Hitler said England was prepared to fulfill her obligations to- ward Poland but pleaded for an at- mosphere in which Polish-German relations might be settled by discus- sion.

The next day Hitler answered, calling attention “to the Polish ter- ror over German nationals,” Hitler recalled his offer of settlement last March, to which he said England responded with false reports of German mobilization against Po- land.

3. Although Prime Minister Cham- berlain’s letter and subsequent ut- terances by British statesmen indi- cated that England had no sympathy for the German point of view, Hitler on August 25 called the British Am- bassador to make a new effort to come to an understanding with Eng- land. He proposed a far-reaching agreement with England after set- tlement of the Corridor and Danzig problems.

Communicates With Daladier. 4. While Britain studied Hitler’s

proposals the Fuehrer exchanged letters with Premier Daladier (of France) setting forth the German demands on Poland (Danzig and the corridor). He also renewed assur- ances to France that Germany’s west boundaries are accepted by Ger- many as final.

5. On the night of August 28 Brit- ain expressed readiness to talk about the reorganization of German-Eng- lish relations. Britain added it was assured by Poland that the Polish government was ready to conduct direct negotiations with Germany.

Despite the conduct of Poland.

Hitler on August 29 declared Ger- many's readiness to receive a Polish negotiator and said Germany ex-

pected to receive an authorized ne-

gotiator August 30. He said tha* meanwhile the Reich would work out a solution acceptable to Germany.

6. No Polish negotiator arrived August 30 and no communication was received from the British. In- stead, Germany received reports of Polish mobilization. Not until mid- night of that day did the British Ambassador hand In a new memo- randum containing no constructive suggestions and saying merely that

! Hitler's suggestion had been given | Poland and that England believed Poland should not have been ex-

1 pected to reply by August 30. Outline Given British.

7. Although no Polish negotiator arrived in Berlin, the British gov-

l ernment was given an outline of German suggestions for a setlement which the Reich had worked out meanwhile. The Reich asked again that Poland name a negotiator. On August 31 the Polish Ambassador told the Reich’s foreign minister that Poland had received from Brit- ain the night before a report of the possibility of direct negotiation. But the Polish Ambassador was unau- thorized to undertake any conversa- tions.

8. After waiting vainly for two days for a Polish negotiator, the Reich on the night of August 31 made public its proposals. The War- saw radio pronounced them unac-

ceptable. 9. After being forced to the con-

clusion that efforts to negotiate with Poland were futile. Hitler an- nounced it would be necessary to "use force.’’

10. On the night of September 1 the British and French Ambassa- dors presented similarly phrased memorandums in which it was de- manded that Germany withdraw her troops from Polish territory and that in the event this was not done these states would fulfill their treaty obligations toward Poland.

The Reich's foreign minister said that Germany must refuse the im- plications of the memorandums that Germany was aggressive toward Po- land.

Mussolini Attempts Conference. 11. Inasmuch as these notes raised

the danger of war, Mussolini made the proposal of an armistice and international conference. The pro- posal was answered by Germany and France in a positive manner, but England rejected it- So the Duce's efforts were frustrated by England.

12. At 9 aun. September 3 the British Ambassador appeared at the foreign office and handed the office a note wherein England demanded withdrawal of troops within a two- hour limit. In London the British secretary of foreign affairs handed the German Charge d’Affaires a note that a state of war existed be- tween the countries from 11 a.m.

On the same day at 11:30 a.m. the Reich’s foreign minister hand- ed the British Ambassador here a

note rejecting the ultimatum but pointing out that the responsibility for war must rest on Britain. The French Ambassador handed in a similar ultimatum and after being informed verbally of the answer given to Britain said it was his “un- pleasant duty" to say a state of war existed after 5 p.m., whereupon the Reich's foreign minister replied that France must assume the responsi- bility inflicted on people if France attacked Germany.

U. S. Effort to Retain Cotton Sales Affirmed

The United States proposes to re- tain its fair share of the world cotton market, Harry L. Brown, Assistant Secretary of Agriculture, today told the foreign delegates to the World Cotton Conference meeting at the departmental jtuditorium. Mr. Brown, who is cfcirman of the con- ference, did not mention the war. j In presenting the problem of | marketing American cotton, whose ! price is depressed by a huge surplus, l Mr. Brown said that while “we propose to expand the domestic con- sumption of cotton." the loss of the ! export market "would mean not only stagnation in the southern part of the United States, but idle factories ! and unemployment in other areas | because of the destruction ot tl\e purchasing power of the cotton belt."

The conference was called by Sec- retary Wallace with a view to explor- ing the possibility of dividing the world cotton-export market into quotas for the various exporting countries. The American export market in recent years has suffered a severe slump. *

Gandhi's Sympathies With Britain and France By the Associated Press.

BOMBAY, Sept. 6.—Mohandas Gandhi told Lord Linlithgow, vice- roy of India, today his sympathies j are with Great Britain and France in their war against Germany.

The wizened Indian leader dis-? closed he had written a personal letter to Adolf Hitler appealing for peace.

Canada Closes Down Amateur Radio Stations

OTTAWA, Sept. 6 (Canadian! Press).—Officials of the radio divi- ,

sions of the transport department said last night all amateur radio stations in Canada would be "closed down for the present time” due to war conditions.

Some 3,500 operators will be affected.

Germans Stand At Attention for Internationale

Bj the Associated Press. MOSCOW. Sept. 6.—German

newspaper correspondents snapped to military attention today when the Internationale was played in Red Square at a huge demonstration of Communist youth.

It was the 25th "International Youth Day,” but the Soviet Union's aloofness from Europe’s quarrels was emphasized in contrast to the keynote in previous years of youth- ful international co-operation.

For hours Communist youth passed in parade, bearing slogans and pictures of Soviet leaders.

The keynote of the demonstra- tion seemed to be “Thanks to Stalin for Saving us from War,” which slogan was carried on many banners. Other banners proclaimed, "We Are Able to Study and Develop Our Country While Youth Abroad is Embroiled in War.”

Correspondents in the reviewing stand found themselves in an em- barrassing position with German, English and Polish representatives present.

Berlin < Continued From First Page.)

miles of Sandomierz, seat of the Polish arms industry.

Capture of tens of thousands of prisoners in the Corridor (Pomorze) and elsewhere in Northern Poland.

Capture of Bydgoszcz (Bromberg). 140 miles northwest of Warsaw, while German troops crossed the Netze River to the south of Bydgoszcz.

Threats to Two Cities. Other German forces increased

their threats to Warsaw. "On to Warsaw!" was a German battle cry in widely separated parts of Poland.

Meanwhile, the German command as late as 10 a m. <4 a m., E. S. T.) insisted there had been no action on the western front facing France.

The text of today's communique follows:

“Army operations in Poland on September 5 progressed on schedule. Mountain and motorized troops in a broad front forced the northern exits of the Beskiden Mountains and are in swift attack on Novy Sacz.

“Forces pushing from the south and west toward Krakow drove the enemy back into this town. The eastern Upper Silesia industrial re- gion is in German hands.

“Further north Checiny, Lupuss- no and Piotrkow have been taken. Both sides of the Siedracz strong bunker line were broken through and the attack on the eastern em- bankment of the Warta River in the direction of Lodz continued.

Foe Pushed Back. “Forces which crossed to the east-

ern embankment of the Vistula near ! Kulm and Grudziadz continued in pursuit of the defeated enemy.

"Troops from East Prussia, ad- vancing via Mlawra, took Cichanow. There the hard-pressed opponent is retreating southward. Speed troops reached the Narew River near Rozan.

“Tens of thousands of prisoners and 60 guns hitherto have been taken by the German troops fight- j ing in the north. Raids of the German air force yesterday again caused a strong disturbance of the enemy’s traffic lines and hinterland connections.

“The stations Zdunska-Wola, Skarzysko, Tarnow and Wreschen are burning. Many rail lines have been interrupted. The Polish air force, with the exception of indi- vidual pursuit planes failed alto- gether to appear near Lodz.

"On Sept. 5 there were no air raids anywhere on German terri- tory. German naval forces in the Baltic destroyed a third Polish sub- marine.”

At the same time the supreme i--- ■■ -1

high command announced that German casualties in the east for the first three days of September averaged four dead and 25 wounded for each 10,000 combatants. The total number of soldiers Involved was not disclosed.

Two Industrial cities of South- western Poland, Katowice and Chorzow, were reported the latest prizes of the German drive before the fall of Krakow. Katowice is only 40 miles west of Krakow.

Meanwhile, a salient from East Prussia was stabbed closer to War- saw, modern Poland’s capital.

(Warsaw advices said the Ger- man spearhead was approximate- ly 35 miles to the northwest of the city. Budapest dispatches said Warsaw was under lire of Ger- man guns.) The supreme army command de-

clared Polish defenses were crum- bling, with Germany's “lightning war” in the east only five days old.

Military leaders emphasized the need of speed in the Polish campaign in order to release the eastern army for defense of the strangely-quiet Western frontier.

Air Force Confident. The air force, proud in its claims

of mastery in the Polish skies, was increasingly confident of defensive supremacy over British and French planes.

German officials counted 12 planes lost by the British out of 20 which struck at Northwestern Germany Monday evening, aiming bombs at Cuxhaven and Wilhelmshaven naval bases. Two more British planes of the reconnaissance type were re- ported shot down over Hamburg yesterday afternoon.

The Germans asserted only one of the British two-engined Vickers bombers got through to Wilhelm- shaven, that it was struck there by a shell and crashed into the harbor.

Coastal commands at Ostfriesland and Nordfriesland gave warning of the British approach, it was said, and German pursuit planes were high in the clouds when they ap- peared. The German airmen were said to have driven the attackers down into anti-aircraft fire.

The official announcement said the British raiders were met “with perfect co-ordination of German fighters and anti-aircraft guns'’ and that all the British bombs fell into the water.

The British had announced two of Germany's five battleships were damaged heavily.

The Germans said they had crushed the entire 7th Polish Army Division southeast of Czestochowa, captured two days ago. A Polish division usually numbers 10,000 to 15,000 men.

Eleven Polish planes were said to have been shot down yesterday be- tween Warsaw and Lodz, bringing to 65 the total thus destroyed Mon- day and yesterday.

Berlin was blacked out completely last night, but up to 11:40 pm. (5:40 p.m., E. S. T.) had not been visited by hostile planes. Anti-aircraft forces were kept on the alert through the night.

Germans, who have charged Brit- ish planes with trespassing over the Netherlands in carrying propaganda leaflets to be dumped over Germans', said they expected “the Netherlands

as well as other neutral countries to open fire” when foreign military planes fly over their territory.

Some of the British leaflets (Lon- don reported 9,000,000 had been dropped) were brought to Berjin. They accused Germany of forcing Britain into a "useless” war.

White Book Issued. The government last night issued

a white book chronologically de- scribing recent phases of Polish- German relations to conclude with the charge that Britain was “re- sponsible for the war.” Germany also charged the British "sabotaged Premier Mussolini’s efforts to pre- serve peace.”

Among other points elucidated In the official statement was that Adolf Hitler on August 29 declared Ger- many's readiness to receive a Polish negotiator and expected to receive one August 30 while Germany worked out an acceptable solution of her dispute with Poland. None ar- rived and Germany went to war with Poland September 1.

(Abstract of German white book on page A-4.)

Occupation of the Silesian mining district around Katowice was count-

j ed a severe blow to Polish industry. It was seen as virtually forcing a shutdown of iron and steel works in other parts of Poland.

Troops driving south from East Prussia were said, in contradiction of Warsaw advices, to have been slowed up by swamps in the vicinity of Mlawa and valorous Polish re- sistance.

German communiques placed the Warsaw-bound forces further from the capital than did the Polish re- ports.

The Economy Delivery

STAR CARRIER: Please deliver The Star

until further notice, for which I will pay you the regular rates as below. I have checked the serv- ice desired:

MONTHLY RATES CITY AND SUBURBS

□ The Evening and Sunday Star-65c per month

□ The Evening Star—45c per month □ Night Final and

Sunday Star-75c per month □ Night Final Star.—60c per month

Name _

Address ____

Apt. No..'. Or Call NAtional 5-0-0-0, Circulation Department

\ A

Don't let Denture Breath and stains shout "False Teeth"

DENTISTS SAY***USE POLIDENT nates ana uriages- sobk up oaors

and impurities like a sponge! A thin dark scum collects on them. This scum holds germs and decay bacteria. It is so tough that ordi- nary brushing seldom removes it. And it gets into every tiny crevice where brushing can’t even reach. Almost always it results in “den- ture breath”—probably the most offensive of all breath odors.

■Yet there’s a perfect way to clean and purify false teeth with- out brushing, acid or danger. It is

i'onaent, a powder that dissolves away all scum, stains, tarnish and odor.

Polident makes breath sweeter— plates or bridges look better and feel better. Tens of thousands call Polident a blessing for comfort, convenience and hygiene.

Long-lasting can only 30£, any drug store. Money back if not de- lighted. Approved by Good House- keeping Bureau and dentists everywhere. Hudson Products, Inc., New York, N. Y.

_

P0UDCI1T Cleans, Purifies Without Brushing I Add A little Polident pomder to y2 glass water. Stir, Then put in plate or bridge forlo to 15 minute*. Rinse—And it s ready to use.

No Distress in Drinking BERKELEY SPRINfiS

MINERAL WATER Known to thousand* to be beneficial for arthritis, diabetes, akin diseases* I rheumatism. Bottled only In W. Va. ,

PHONE WISCONSIN 3232

-.KODAKS FRESH FILMS

.olumbia Photo S UPPLYCO. 1424 MY.AVE N.W.

A ft

M A ss-rs I newed- N°

tmo-Uk ^1016 20th St. N.W.

REpublic 1070

K^rsrn VmaUer fgi | ups' A Wm & alienees Iggf A 4 Na- ftr M

BF One-pipe Hot m Water System B ■ Reduces cost of installation. If B Modern ond very efficient for B B residences. Telephone NA. 8680. B

>\meatinc /

World s largest seller at 10c. »>. Guaranteed — Dependable. /D«mjnd\

St.*oseplife$ emuiwi pubi aspiwaV I Soothing, cooling, aoft-

I nitcnen I ening to rough or Irri- I Ummtlm" I tated hands—ideal tor ■ nanOa fchated akin. Try it. ^^PENETRO

»

Sleep It Sweet on

ZABANIZED MATTRESSES The entire family will be most delighted if their mat- tresses are clean and comfortable. Send them to us today. They will be sterilized in an electric oven under 230 degrees of heat—the inside made fluffy and buoy- ant, and covered with brand-new ticking. Cost onlv $6.00 up If you need new box springs, coil springs, mattresses, we will make them to order for you at factory prices.

Take the restful route to

CINCINNATI, LOUISVILLE and the West

on THE GEORGE WASHINGTON

O n the finest roadbed in the east, this smooth-riding, air-conditioned train speeds you through The Chessie Corridor in the acme of modern travel comfort. Service on the george Washington is a fine art, expressed in. the luxurious appointments of library and radio lounge cars... delicious, low-priced meals, temptingly pre- pared ... the clean quiet of a sleeping car in which you Sleep Like a Kitten.

the george Washington makes excellent connec-

tions with fine trains for the west.

CONVENIENT SCHEDULE Laovu Washington _____ 4:01 PM Arrival Cincinnati ..I JO AM

louisvilla-9:58 AM. Indianapolis_10:10 AM Chicago .*-2:10 PM

“ St. Louis--;_3:40 PM

THE SPORTSMAN and THE P.F.V., lister trains of THE GEORGE WASH* INGTON, depart at different hours to suit travelers’ convenience.

For information and reservations consult F. E. LAND MEIER, D.P.A, 809 15th STREET, N.W,

PHONE: NATIONAL 0821 AFTER JP.IL NATIONAL 7370