BRIEF OVERVIEW OF IMPORTANT INDUSTRY

8/2/2019 BRIEF OVERVIEW OF IMPORTANT INDUSTRY

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@POGC LSGPSOGZ LC OMRLPXIEX OEHWQXP_

Ijpoawdxwpg

Oehoi oq xfg qgaleh-dipjgqx rplhwagp lc cllh oe xfg zlpdh ieh fldhq xfg rlxgexoid lc

`goej xfg òjjgqx le jdlìd cllh ieh ijpoawdxwpg aiesiq$ iaalphoej xl i Alprlpixg

Aixidqx Oehoi &AAO/ qwpsg% Xfg cllh rplagqqoej oehwqxp oq leg lc xfg dipjgqx oe Oehoi

pienoej cocxf oe xgpmq lc rplhwaxole$ aleqwmrxole$ gvrlpx ieh gvrgaxgh jplzxf% Xfg

Oehoie cllh oehwqxp oq rplkgaxgh xl pgiaf WQ( 122 òddole ` 0297%

Ijpoawdxwpg qgaxlp oq soxid clp xfg eixole ieh oq xfg rpoeaorid qlwpag lc dosgdofllh clp

mlpg xfie 76 rgp agex lc xfg rlrwdixole% Xfg jplzxf lc xfg ijpoawdxwpg ieh iddogh

qgaxlpq oq gvrgaxgh xl `g iplweh 7%8 rgp agex hwpoej 0292-99$ iaalphoej xl xfg

Galelmoa Qwpsg 0292-99% Oehoi xipjgxq xl iafogsg ?%7 rgp agex isgpijg galelmoa

jplzxf oe xfg 90xf Cosg _gip Rdie &0290-9:/$ le ìan lc ie gqxomixgh ijpoawdxwpg

jplzxf pixg lc 8%0 rgp agex% Xfg jplzxf xipjgx clp ijpoawdxwpg clp xfg 90xf Cosg _gip

Rdie ziq ieelweagh ` I`fokox Qge$ i mgm`gp lc xfg Rdieeoej Almmoqqole%

Xfg Almmoqqole gvrgaxgh xfg jplzxf oe xfg Oehoie ijpoawdxwpg qgaxlp xl xlwaf 1%7 rgp

agex hwpoej xfg Gdgsgexf Cosg _gip Rdie &022:-0290/$ iq ijioeqx 0 rgp agex oe xfg

rpgsolwq Rdie Rgpolh$ iaalphoej xl Mp Mlexgn Qoejf Ifdwzidoi$ Hgrwx Afiopmie lc

xfg Rdieeoej Almmoqqole%

RPLHWAXOLE

Cllh jpioe rplhwaxole fiq pgiafgh i pgalph dgsgd lc 089%3 moddole xleeg &MX/ oe 0292-

99% Zg fisg idql iafogsgh xfg fojfgqx gsgp rplhwaxole lc zfgix$ rwdqgq$ lod qgghq ieh

alxxle% Lsgpidd cipm lwxrwx fiq idql iafogsgh ie omrpgqqosg jplzxf pixg lc :%7 rgp

agex hwpoej xfg diqx ywipxgp lc 0292-99 xfwq fgdroej ijpoawdxwpg jplqq hlmgqxoa

rplhwax &JHR/ xl pgjoqxgp i jplzxf lc 3%3 rgp agex hwpoej xfg gip$ iq rgp Mp Qfipih


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Rizip$ Ijpoawdxwpg ieh Cllh Rplagqqoej Oehwqxpogq Moeoqxgp%

Xfg Rdieeoej Almmoqqole mioexioeq i rplkgaxgh hgmieh lc 08: MX ` 0202% Iaalphoej

xl qxixoqxoaq 18$9:6$?31 xleeg poag fiq `gge rplawpgh ` sipolwq Jlsgpemgex ijgeaogq

Oehoi*q qwjip rplhwaxole alwdh oeapgiqg xl 07 MX oe xfg 0299-90 mipngxoej qgiqle

&Laxl`gp-Qgrxgm`gp/$ `pojfxgeoej xfg gvrlpx rplqrgaxq lc xfg qzggxgegp$ iq rgp Mp N

S Xflmiq$ xfg Cllh Moeoqxgp%

Cislpi`dg zgixfgp hwpoej xfg jplzoej qgiqle oe miklp rlxixl rplhwaoej qxixgq hwpoej

0292-99 pgqwdxgh oe i`lwx 91 rgp agex oeapgiqg oe rplhwaxole$ cplm egipd 13 MX oe

022?-92 xl mlpg xfie 82 MX oe 0292-99%

Fojfdojfxoej xfg sopxwgq lc rplxgaxgh awdxosixole xl `llqx flpxoawdxwpg rplhwaxosox$ i

Pq 12$222 aplpg &WQ( 3%2: òddole/ lwxdi fiq `gge rplrlqgh clp `poejoej ix dgiqx 92

rgp agex lc xfg flpxoawdxwpg aplr ipgi oe Oehoi wehgp xfoq fojf xgaf awdxosixole

rpiaxoag oe xfg 90xf Cosg _gip Rdie &0290-029:/% Ie ipgi lc 09 moddole fgaxipgq oq

wehgp flpxoawdxwpg oe Oehoi ieh alexpo`wxgq lsgp 012 MX xl xfg cllh ìqngx lc xfg

alwexp%

GvrlpxqOehoi oq imlej xfg 97 dgihoej gvrlpxgpq lc ijpoawdxwpid rplhwaxq oe xfg zlpdh% Cpwoxq

ieh sgjgxi`dgq xljgxfgp aleqxoxwxg i`lwx ?0%1 rgp agex lc xfg xlxid flpxoawdxwpid

rplhwaxole oe xfg alwexp%

Oehoi oq xfg qgaleh dipjgqx rplhwagp lc cpwoxq oe xfg zlpdh> ox oq xfg dipjgqx rplhwagp lc

cpwoxq dong miejl$ ìeiei$ ririi$ qirlxi$ rlmgjpieixg ieh Iledi% I`lwx 82 rgp agexlc xfg zlpdhq miejlgq ieh 12 rgp agex lc xfg zlpdhq ìeieiq ieh ririyiq ipg

rplhwagh oe Oehoi% Oe xgpmq lc rplhwaxosox lc jpirgq$ Oehoi pienq copqx oe xfg zlpdh%

Oehoi oq xfg qgaleh dipjgqx rplhwagp lc sgjgxi`dgq ieh oq i dgihgp oe xfg rplhwaxole lc

rgiq ieh lnpi% @gqohgq$ Oehoi laawrogq xfg qgaleh rlqoxole oe xfg rplhwaxole lc


3/63

`poekid$ ai`ìjg$ aiwdocdlzgp ieh leole ieh xfoph rlqoxole oe rlxixl ieh xlmixl oe xfg

zlpdh%

Oehoi oq @wpmiq cocxf dipjgqx xpihoej ripxegp$ ieh ox gvrlpxq mlpg xfie 9 MX lc `gieq

ieewiddy% Oehoi oq dllnoej clp ziyq xl oesgqx oe @wpmiq ijpoawdxwpg ieh gegpjy qgaxlpq%

Oehoi fiq idpgih `gjwe gvrlpxoej 122$222 xleegq lc poag xl @iejdihgqf le

jlsgpemgex-xl-jlsgpemgex iaalwex ix Pq 02$222 &WQ( 828%67/ i xleeg cplm

Qgrxgm`gp 0299% Xfg gvrlpxq zodd `g cplm xfg 1$222$222 xleegq lc ele-ìqmixo poag

rgpmoxxgh ` xfg Agexpg le xfg fggdq lc pgalph rplhwaxole oe zfgix ieh `wdjoej

`wccgp qxlanq%

Oehoi*q alccgg gvrlpxq plqg ` 80 rgp agex xl pgalph 132$782 xleegq oe xfg 0292-99

alccgg gip gehgh Qgrxgm`gp 0299$ iaalphoej xl i pgrlpx ` xfg Oexgpeixoleid Alccgg

Lpjieoqixole &OAL/%

OESGQXMGEXQ

Xfg ijpoawdxwpg qgpsoagq ixxpiaxgh clpgoje hopgax oesgqxmgex &CHO/ zlpxf WQ( 9%80

òddole `gxzgge Irpod 0222 xl Iwjwqx 0299$ iaalphoej xl hixi pgdgiqgh ` xfg

Hgripxmgex lc Oehwqxpoid Rldoa ieh Rplmlxole &HORR/%

Xfg Zlpdh @ien fiq irrplsgh i WQ( 072 moddole apghox ieh dlie xl xfg Zgqx@gejid Iaagdgpixgh Hgsgdlrmgex lc Moelp Oppojixole Rplkgax &IHMOR/ clp

iwjmgexoej ijpoawdxwpid rplhwaxole lc qmidd ieh mipjoeid cipmgpq% Oppojixole

zodd alexoewg xl `g apoxoaid xl oeapgiqoej cipm rplhwaxole$ oealmg ieh pwpid

dosgdofllh$ iaalphoej xl Mp Pl`gpxl [ijfi$ Alwexpy Hopgaxlp clp Oehoi$ xfg

Zlpdh @ien% Xfg @ien qxwh gqxi`doqfgq xfix oppojixole fiq i qxplej iehqojeocoaiex omriax le dieh rplhwaxosox$ aplrroej oexgeqox ieh dieh rpoagq

Clpgoje oesgqxlpq* ipg qflzoej oexgpgqx oe cgpxodoqgp mingpq qwaf iq AfimìdCgpxodoqgpq$ Alplmiehgd Oexgpeixoleid ieh Piddoq imlej lxfgpq$ hwg xl hgalexpld

lc rflqrfixoa ieh almrdgv cgpxodoqgp rpoagq% "Jllh mleqlleq xfoq gip$ fiq


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pgqwdxgh oe qxplej hgmieh$" iq rgp Xipwe Qwpiei$ Pgqgipaf Ieidqx$ Qweohfo

Qgawpoxogq

Lpjieoa cipmoej fiq `galmg i rplmoqoej mgxflh lc ijpoawdxwpg ieh oq jioeoejjdlìd pgaljeoxole% Di Soi Aimrgqoei oq ie oexgpeixoleid cipmgpq* lpjieoqixole$

fisoej oxq rpgqgeag oe mlpg xfie :2 alwexpogq% Xfg iom lc xfg lpjieoqixole oq xl

rplsohg xgafeoaid$ coeieaoid qwrrlpx xl dlaid ieh eixoleid cipmgpq* lpjieoqixoleq

iaplqq xfg zlpdh$ zfoaf oeadwhgq rplmlxoej ijpoawdxwpg iaxosoxogq qwaf iq

lpjieoa ieh eixwpid cipmoej

Nipwxwpo Jdlìd$ xfg aox-ìqgh rw`doad-fgdh cdlpoawdxwpg miklp ieh leg lc xfgzlpdhq dipjgqx gvrlpxgp lc plqgq zfoaf oq ijjpgqqosgdy plddoej lwx ie ijpoawdxwpg

`wqoegqq sgexwpg oe Gxfolroi$ oq dllnoej ix lwxqlwpaoej 02$222 fgaxipgq lc cipm

dieh oe xfg Icpoaie eixole xl Oehoie cipmgpq le i pgsgewg-qfipoej ìqoq% Xfg

almrie flrgq xl jgx 17 rgp agex lc oxq pgsgewgq cplm xfg ijpoawdxwpg `wqoegqq

oe xfg egvx alwrdg lc gipq

Rweg oq zoxegqqoej i egz xpgeh zfgpg cipmgpq ipg irrpliafoej aleqwmgpqhopgaxd zoxf xfgop rplhwag% Cipmgpq fisg ihlrxgh i hopgax-xl-flmg mlhgd xfix

zodd gei`dg rglrdg xl `w ledoeg iq zgdd iq cplm lwxdgxq

Aipjodd Oehoi Rposixg Dxh$ `gqx nelze clp oxq gho`dg lod `pieh Eixwpg Cpgqf$ oqrdieeoej xl gvrieh oxq rianijgh-cllh rlpxcldol oe xfg alwexp

Jlsgpemgex Oeoxoixosgq

Xfg Weole Jlsgpemgex oq qgxxoej wr i Eixoleid Agexpg clp Cllh Xgafeldlj oe Fipiei

zoxf i pgjoleid agexpg dongd xl `g dlaixgh oe Fhgpiìh$ iq ripx lc oeoxoixosgq wehgp

xfg Eixoleid Moqqole clp Cllh Rplagqqoej%

Oe xfg Weole @whjgx 0299-90$ Mp Rpiei` Mwnfgpkgg$ xfg Coeieag Moeoqxgp mihg xfg

clddlzoej ieelweagmgexq clp xfg ijpoawdxwpg qgaxlp;

Gvrgehoxwpg zlpxf WQ( 37%9 moddole xl rplmlxg 32$222 rwdqgq soddijgq oe pioecgh ipgiq clp oeapgiqoej aplr rplhwaxosox ieh qxpgejxfgeoej mipngx doenijgq

Rplrlqid xl qrgeh WQ( 37%9 moddole xl rplmlxg lod ridm rdiexixole oe 32$222


5/63

fgaxipgq ieh WQ( 37%9 moddole clp xfg oeoxoixosg le sgjgxi`dg adwqxgp

I rplrlqid xl qrgeh WQ( 63%6 moddole$ xl omrplsg poag ìqgh aplrroej qqxgm oexfg Giqxgpe Pgjole

Cwpxfgpmlpg$ xfg Jlsgpemgex rdieq xl qgx wr 97 egz mgji cllh ripn rplkgaxq wehgp

xfg oecpiqxpwaxwpg hgsgdlrmgex qafgmg zoxf i xlxid jpiex lc Pq :6:%72 aplpg &WQ(

97?%89 moddole/% Xfoq oq oe ihhoxole xl xfg 97 le-jloej rplkgaxq% Xfg Aiòegx

Almmoxxgg le Galelmoa Icciopq &AAGI/ fiq irrplsgh xfg 97 mgji cllh rplkgaxq$

zfoaf zodd apgixg oecpiqxpwaxwpg xfix zlwdh gefieag xfg gccoaogea lc qwrrd afioe

cplm cipm jixg xl pgxiod lwxdgxq% Giaf rplkgax oq gvrgaxgh xl gexiod ie oesgqxmgex lc

i`lwx Pq 922 aplpg &WQ( 02%08 moddole/ oe almmle ciaodoxogq ieh zodd dgsgpijg ie

ihhoxoleid oesgqxmgex lc Pq 072 aplpg &WQ( 72%7? moddole/$ xfg Jlsgpemgex qioh oe iqxixgmgex%

Giaf ripn oq gvrgaxgh xl `gegcox i`lwx 3$222 cipmgpq hopgaxd ieh zodd oehopgaxd

`gegcox 07$222 xl 12$222 cipmgpq% Giaf mgji cllh ripn zodd jgegpixg i`lwx 82$222

hopgax ieh oehopgax kl`q$ xfg qxixgmgex cwpxfgp ihhgh%

Xfg ìenq fisg hoq`wpqgh ijpoawdxwpg dlieq zlpxf i`lwx Pq 883$::? aplpg &WQ( ?2%88

òddole/ iq ijioeqx xfg xipjgx lc Pq 1:7$222 aplpg &WQ( :7%?9 òddole/ covgh ` xfgJlsgpemgex clp dgehoej xl Ijpoawdxwpg qgaxlp oe 0292-99% Oe Qgrxgm`gp 0299$ ìen

hoq`wpqgmgexq xl ijpoawdxwpg ieh iddogh iaxosoxogq zgex wr ` :%? rgp agex xl Pq

811$222 aplpg &WQ( 6:%37 òddole/%

Xfg Eixoleid @ien clp Ijpoawdxwpg ieh Pwpid Hgsgdlrmgex &Eiìph/ fiq qieaxolegh Pq

80%90 aplpg &WQ( 6%71 moddole/ xl Nipeixini Qxixg Zipgflwqoej Alprlpixole xl oeapgiqg

cllh jpioe qxlpijg airiaox%

Xfg egz doeg lc apghox oq josge xl xfg alprlpixole xfplwjf Eiìph Oecpiqxpwaxwpg

Hgsgdlrmgex Iqqoqxieag &EOHI/ clp apgixole lc 919$222 xleegq qxlpijg airiaox qrpgih

lsgp 92 hoqxpoaxq%


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Xfg Agexpg fiq irrplsgh Pq 8:%09 aplpg &WQ( ?%73 moddole/ iq qw`qoh clp Rweki` wehgp

Eixoleid Cllh Qgawpox Moqqole &ECQM/ clp zfgix ieh rwdqgq xl `llqx xfgop lwxrwx% Xfg

Moeoqxp lc Ijpoawdxwpg fiq qieaxolegh cwehq xl xfg xweg lc Pq 16%1? aplpg &WQ( :%::

moddole/ clp zfgix ieh Pq 6%60 aplpg &WQ( 9%:6 moddole/ clp rwdqgq clp xfg 0299-90$ i

qgeolp lccoaoid lc Rweki` Ijpoawdxwpg Hgripxmgex qioh%

Oe lphgp xl josg 02 moddole cipmgpq$ cipmoej oeclpmixole$ zgixfgp ieh adomixoa hgxiodq

xl fgdr xfgm mggx ijpoawdxwpid xipjgxq$ ox fiq `gge hgaohgh xl alsgp ox xfplwjf QMQq

ieh xfg Oexgjpixgh Sloag Pgqrleqg Qqxgm &OSPQ/ ` 029:%"Xfg QMQ ieh OSPQ mlhg

zgpg diweafgh oe 022? alsgpoej 7$222 cipmgpq% Ox elz alsgpq 0%6 moddole jplzgpq ieh

` 029: xfg mgxflh zlwdh alsgp 02 moddole$" iq rgp Mp E Afixxlrihfii$ Hgrwx

Hopgaxlp Jgegpid$ Oehoi Mgxglpldljoaid Hgripxmgex &OMH/%

Oehoi oq ngge xl clpjg ripxegpqforq zoxf xfg Iqqlaoixole lc Qlwxf-Giqx Iqoie Eixoleq

&IQGIE/ alwexpogq clp xfg gvafiejg lc xgafeldlj xl gefieag cipm rplhwaxosox ieh

ihhpgqq xfg omriax lc adomixg afiejg le ijpoawdxwpg% Mp Qfipih Rizip$ xfg

Ijpoawdxwpg Moeoqxgp ixxgehgh i mggxoej lc IQGIE ijpo moeoqxgpq oe Oehlegqoi*q airoxid$

Kinipxi% Xfoq ziq xfg copqx-gsgp kloex mggxoej lc xfg ijpoawdxwpg moeoqxgpq lc Qlwxf-

Giqx Iqoie alwexpogq ieh ziq iomgh ix clqxgpoej allrgpixole oe xfg soxid qgaxlp%

Oehoie qaogexoqxq fisg kloegh 93 lxfgp eixoleq - xfg WQ$ xfg WN$ Cpieag$ Oxid$

Qzox{gpdieh$ Jgpmie$ A{gaf Pgrw`doa$ Elpzi$ Oqpigd$ Xwpng$ Pwqqoi$ Afoei$ Kirie$

Iwqxpidoi ieh Ipjgexoei - oe xfg oeoxoixosg% Xfg hgripxmgex lc `olxgafeldlj &H@X/ fiq

qieaxolegh i`lwx Pq 18 aplpg &WQ( 3%66 moddole/ clp lsgp clwp gipq xl xfpgg oeqxoxwxgq

- Rweki` Ijpoawdxwpg Weosgpqox$ OAIP ieh Hgdfo Weosgpqox - clp xfg rplkgax%"Xfg

rplkgax oq dongd xl `g almrdgxgh oe cosg gipq% @wx$ zg zodd apian xfg alhg zoxfoe

xfpgg gipq$" iq rgp Rplc Eijgehpi Nwmip Qoejf cplm OAIP*q Eixoleid Pgqgipaf Agexpg

le Rdiex @olxgafeldlj oe Egz Hgdfo qioh%

Ijpo-qaogexoqxq ipg zlpnoej le f`poh sipogxogq lc cpwoxq dong miejl$ jpirg ieh dgmle

xl oeapgiqg xfgop rplhwaxosox xl mggx xfg oeapgiqoej hgmieh% Oehoie Ijpoawdxwpg

Pgqgipaf Oeqxoxwxg &OIPO/ qaogexoqxq ipg zlpnoej le f`poh sgpqoleq lc hoccgpgex miejl


7/63

sipogxogq

Xfg Jlsgpemgex lc Oehoiq clawq oe xfg 90xf Cosg _gip Rdie zodd `g mgafieoqixole lc

ijpoawdxwpg xl mixaf xfg jplzoej eggh clp fojfgp rplhwaxole lc cllh jpioe ieh xl

xiandg di`lp qflpxijgq oe xfg cipm qgaxlp%

Xfg Jlsgpemgex fiq xinge mie rldoa oeoxoixosgq ieh Moqqoleq xl qxpgejxfge xfg cipm

apghox hgdosgp qqxgm clp rplsohoej apghox ix icclphi`dg pixgq lc oexgpgqx xl qwrrlpx

xfg pgqlwpag pgywopgmgexq lc xfg ijpoawdxwpid qgaxlp% Xfg gmrfiqoq lc xfgqg oeoxoixosgq

oq xl rplsohg xomgd ieh ihgywixg apghox qwrrlpx xl cipmgpq zoxf ripxoawdip clawq le

qmidd ieh mipjoeid cipmgpq% Xfg oeoxoixosgq qxposg xl gei`dg ieh mlxosixg xfg cipmgpq

xl ihlrx mlhgpe xgafeldlj ieh omrplsgh ijpoawdxwpid rpiaxoagq clp oeapgiqoej

ijpoawdxwpid rplhwaxole ieh rplhwaxosox%

XLWPOQM IEH FLQROXIDOX_

"Clp Oehoi$ xfg `plih xpgehq clp 0290 ipg qxponoejd qomodip xl xfg WQ% Iplweh 71 rgp

agex lc Oehoie xpisgddgpq adiomgh xfg xpisgddgh mlpg oe 0290$ zoxf 02 rgp agex mlpg

xpisgddgpq rdieeoej xl xing ie oexgpeixoleid fldohi% Idql$ 88 rgp agex lc Oehoiexpisgddgpq ipg dllnoej ix qrgehoej mlpg le xfgop fldohiq oe 0290 xfie diqx gip"$

Qxgrfge Niwcgp al-clwehgh XporIhsoqlp%

Jplzxf Xpgehq

Moeoqxp lc Xlwpoqm almrodgq mlexfd gqxomixgq lc Clpgoje Xlwpoqx Ipposidq &CXIq/ ieh

Clpgoje Gvafiejg Gipeoejq &CGG/ cplm xlwpoqm le xfg `iqoq lc hixi pgagosgh cplm

miklp ioprlpxq% Clddlzoej ipg xfg omrlpxiex fojfdojfxq pgjiphoej CXIq ieh CGG cplmxlwpoqm oe Oehoi clp xfg gip 0299%

Clpgoje Xlwpoqx Ipposidq &CXIq/;

CXIq hwpoej xfg Mlexf lc Hgagm`gp 0299 ziq :97$222 iq almripgh xl CXIq lc


8/63

362$222 hwpoej xfg mlexf lc Hgagm`gp 0292 ieh 393$222 oe Hgagm`gp 022?

Xfgpg fiq `gge i jplzxf lc 7%0 rgp agex oe Hgagm`gp 0299 lsgp Hgagm`gp 0292iq almripgh xl i jplzxf lc 92%8 rgp agex pgjoqxgpgh oe Hgagm`gp 0292 lsgp

Hgagm`gp 022?

Xfg jplzxf pixg lc 7%0 rgp agex oe Hgagm`gp 0299 oq fojfgp xfie 8%: rgp agexjplzxf pixg l`qgpsgh oe Elsgm`gp$ 0299

CXIq oe Oehoi hwpoej 0299 zgpg 3%0? moddole zoxf i jplzxf lc 6%? rgp agex$ iqalmripgh xl xfg CXIq lc 7%:6 moddole zoxf i jplzxf lc 99%6 rgp agex hwpoej xfg

gip 0292 lsgp 022?

Xfg jplzxf pixg lc 6%? rgp agex oe 0299 clp Oehoi oq `gxxgp xfie WEZXLqrplkgaxgh jplzxf pixg lc 8 rgp agex xl 7 rgp agex clp xfg zlpdh oe 0299 ieh :

rgp agex xl ? rgp agex clp Iqoi ieh xfg Riaocoa

Oesgqxmgex Xpgehq

Oehoi*q jplzxf qxlp qxodd qggmq sgp apgho`dg xl jdl`id alprlpixoleq dllnoej xl jplz

`gleh xfgop `lphgpq% Xfg zlpdh*q dipjgqx flxgd afioe @gqx Zgqxgpe Oexgpeixoleid Oea$

WQI$ fiq xinge wr egz qxpixgjogq xl gvrieh oxq rpgqgeag oe xfg alwexp oe xfg

flqroxidox qgaxlp%

"Oc lw dlln ix xfg pixgq afipjgh ix xfg cosg lp qov-qxip dwvwp flxgdq$ lw aie qi xfix

Oehoi oq imlej xfg mlqx gvrgeqosg oe xfg zlpdh% @wx oc lw dlln ix xfg moh-qaidg ieh

wr-qaidg flqroxidox qgjmgexq$ Oehoi oq ywoxg icclphi`dg% O xfoen jplzxf oq jloej xl

almg cplm xogp-0 ieh xogp-1 aoxogq% Xfg 87 aoxogq lc Oehoi xfix fisg mlpg xfie i moddole

rlrwdixole fisg xfg mlqx jplzxf rlxgexoid oe xfg flqroxidox qgaxlp ieh zg zodd

rgpclpm `gqx oe xfgqg gmgpjoej mipngxq$ Hisoh X Nlej$ rpgqohgex ieh AGL$ @gqx

Zgqxgpe Oexgpeixoleid Oea%

Clddlzoej xfg qwaagqq lc pgdojolwq ieh mghoaid xlwpoqm oe Oehoi$ xfg hlmgqxoa xpisgd

oehwqxp oq qggoej i qwpjg oe i egz qgx lc xlwpoqxq; Gvgawxosgq zfl xpisgd xl wrjpihg

xfgop qnoddq zfodg le i fldohi oe xfg alwexp%


9/63

Mp Oy`id Mwddi$ Rpgqohgex$ Xpisgd Ijgexq* Iqqlaoixole lc Oehoi qiq xfix xfgpg fiq `gge

i poqg oe xfg ewm`gp lc alprlpixg flwqgq qgehoej xfgop gvgawxosgq$ gqrgaoidd moh-

dgsgd ieh i`lsg$ xl Oehoi clp mieijgmgex rpljpimmgq lccgpgh ` xlr @-qaflldq$

afogcdy `gaiwqg ox mgieq fwjg alqx qisoejq clp xfgm% Xfg alwpqgq ieh

iaalmmlhixole afipjgq ipg 72-32 rgp agex dgqq oe Oehoi$ ieh xfg alwpqgq lccgpgh ipg

le rip zoxf xflqg lccgpgh `y weosgpqoxogq oe xfg WQ ieh Gwplrg% Xfg ghwaixoleid

xlwpoqm qgaxlp oe Oehoi oq jioeoej jplweh hwg xl xfg alqx-gccgaxosgegqq lc alwpqgq ieh

clp lccgpoej fojfgp dgsgd lc xpioeoej qxiehiphq$ ijpggq Mp Piso Nindiqipoi$ Hopgaxlp$

QrpoejRglrdg Qlcxzipg Rsx Dxh%

Qxipzllh Flxgdq #imr>imr>imr> Pgqlpxq rdieq xl lrge 02 egz Flxgdq iaplqq idd oxq

`piehq ` 0297% Xfg almrie zfoaf oq xfg dipjgqx lrgpixlp lc clwp ieh cosg qxip flxgdqoe Oehoi awppgexd lrgpixgq 11 flxgdq oe xfg alwexp wehgp mieijgmgex alexpiaxq% Xfg

flxgd afioe idql rdieq xl diweaf oxq `piehq Z ieh Qx% Pgjoq oe xfg alwexp oe xfg egvx

xfpgg xl clwp gipq% Zoxf xfg hg`wx lc xfg Z ieh Qx% Pgjoq `piehq$ Qxipzllh zodd cd

gojfx lc oxq eoeg `pieh cdijq oe Oehoi oeadwhoej Z$ Qx% Pgjoq$ Xfg Dwvwp Alddgaxole$ Dg

Mgpohoge$ Zgqxoe$ Qfgpixle$ ieh Clwp Rloexq ` Qfgpixle ieh Idlcx%

Xik jplwr lc flxgdq zodd `g lrgeoej oxq hllpq oe _weeie Rplsoeag lc Afoei% Xfg Oehoie

Flxgdq Almrie Dxh le Mlehi qojegh i mgmlpiehwm lc al-lrgpixole clp i kloex

sgexwpg zoxf _weeie Xlwpoqm Al Dxh xl gejijg oe xfg hgsgdlrmgex$ aleqxpwaxole$

lrgpixole ieh mieijgmgex lc xzl flxgdq oe Nwemoej Gvrl Jiphge qoxwixgh oe _weeie

rplsoeag% Xik idpgih fiq mieijgmgex alexpiaxq oe rdiag clp xfg Xik Xgmrdg lc

Fgisge$ @gokoej% @gqohgq$ Xik zodd idql mieijg i 122-pllm ng dwvwp pgqlpx oe Fioeie

Oqdieh%


Iaalphoej xl xfg Aleqldohixgh CHO Rldoa$ pgdgiqgh ` HORR$ Moeoqxp lc Almmgpag ieh

Oehwqxp$ Jlsgpemgex lc Oehoi$ xfg jlsgpemgex fiq iddlzgh 922 rgp agex clpgoje

oesgqxmgex wehgp xfg iwxlmixoa plwxg oe xfg flxgd ieh xlwpoqm pgdixgh oehwqxp% Xfg

xgpmq flxgd oeadwhgq pgqxiwpiexq$ `giaf pgqlpxq ieh lxfgp xlwpoqm almrdgvgq


10/63

rplsohoej iaalmmlhixole ieh ,lp aixgpoej ieh cllh ciaodoxogq xl xlwpoqxq% Xfg xgpm

xlwpoqm pgdixgh oehwqxp oeadwhgq;

Xpisgd ijgeaogq$ xlwp lrgpixoej ijgeaogq ieh xlwpoqx xpieqrlpx lrgpixoejijgeaogq

Weoxq rplsohoej ciaodoxogq clp awdxwpid$ ihsgexwpg ieh zodhdocg gvrgpogeag xlxlwpoqxq

Qwpciag$ iop ieh zixgp xpieqrlpx ciaodoxogq clp xlwpoqxq Alesgexole,qgmoeip weoxq ieh lpjieoqixoleq Xfg Jlsgpemgex lc Oehoi fiq ieelweagh i qafgmg lc jpiexoej Xlwpoqx Soqi le

Ipposid &X-SlI/ clp xfg aoxo{geq lc Coedieh$ Kirie$ Dwvgm`lwpj$ Egz [gidieh

ieh Qoejirlpg% Xfg qafgmg oq sidoh clp aoxo{geq lc xfg i`lsg mgexoleghalwexpogq rdieeoej xl soqox Oehoi le qoejdg gexp qxpoaxd clp xfg rwprlqg lc

xlwpoqm ieh clp i qflpx rgpolh lc wrxl i mivomwm lc 12 hiq% Hwpoej xfg rgpolh

Kiewip - Laxl`gp 0292$ i xlxid ewm`gp lc 7293 SlIq zgpg oqqwgh wehgp xfoq

Qafgmg

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leg hgqxoeixole clp xlwpoqm oe xfg alwexp ` 0202$ iaalphoej xl Mp J

Kieiphfie Pghh$ Moeoqxgp clp Xlwpoqm ieh Oecpiqxpwaxwpg Hgsgdlrmgex

Xfg Moeoqxp lc Xlwpoqm fiq zle i RIXI Jpieh Iziph ieh xzl RIXI Jldh Iziphq

hwpoej xfg Riaocoa Iqoi Xpisgd Iqqlaoixole &RIXI/ Xpisgd Mipx 0292 oe Miaiw% Xfg RIXI

Jpieh Iziph ziq josge wehgp xfg Fgpoxijg aixgjlp clp xfg Pwpid Xlwpoqm Rplkgax ix

Flhni soddijg oe Nwxaf Hoqxpoax lc Jwkipix%

Qxplej jplzxf oe xfg qgpsoagq oehwqxp oe xfg riqx cgz gipq fiq dgh xl oeapgiqgh

alprlpixg qrgehoej le `wqoegqq xpisgd oe xfg alwexp% Idql$ xfg oeapgiqoej pixg lc

oealmg ieh icclphi`odox fiq gefieagh xfg hlmgqxoa dgoqwpg xpisgd oe xfg alwexp%

Gsge$ xfgpg fiq `gge ie oeapgmgex oe xfg clpgoje xlwpoqx soqoxoej Oehoi rplsoej xfg

alwexp xl `g i cislwpgh xlwpoqx hgqxoeixole clp dgoqwpg$ iq zgdd iq `wqoegqq xpisgd


11/63

iaplqq xfg jdl`g% Zoxf zgdd-gyworrgh oecpiqxpwaxwpg ieh xfg dlz alqx$ almripgh xl

hgsgdlrgh alwexpogq fiq risgh Oehoiq ziy xl `g i eixole jplzoej ciqx xl jioe xfg

qxixwq lc leg lc xfg mlqx rpgcgppgh xlwpoqx hgqxoeixoleq oe xfg zlpdh%

GHWAIXOLE IEH XPIOEOEJ

Zoxf i jplzxf pixg lc 92 xl 97 rgp agex gvrgaxgh lsgp xfg egvx hgaihg$ xfg Oehoie

ghwaixole mipngx fiq zoxegqqgh i qgpogq lc hgsgdlrmgexq ieh afiejgq oe xfg diqx cgz

gipq$ zfoaf fiq pgqwdxgh oe i qojeocoaiex oeapgiqg oe xfg mipngx qo{g lc xfg ghwaixole

oehwqxp almripgh xl rpgsolwq gipq% Zoxf i almòegh mipngx qo{g lc WQ( 72 òddole

rgp ieewm zoxf mlpg xfie 872 moddole qxwhgexq$ ieh oesgqxmgex pgywopgmgex lcirrplvomixgd WQ( 922 òddole ` 0298 xl mggx jplzoej hgmiehq lc xfg qgaxlp$

ghwaixole oehwqxp oq leg lc xfg dipjgqx qgpsoag qgaxlp oehwqxpogq oe Oehoi%

Mipngx Qo{g

Xfg ghwaixole oehwqxp oe Oehoi aie `g `plihd adiqqocogh oexl xfg Pgjwdixgh qgjmgex

&N90 ieh fojfgp ghwaixole/ ieh xfg We-pgjwdixgh qgjmgex &rpg-qaflld$ mwdxomghoi$

OAX$ aliafoej aiqgq$ slaixoleid xpioeoej ieh `llnq/% Xfg gvrgaxgh mipngx qo{g lc N-90qgaxlp oe 0290 &G/ oq WQ( 18 òddole$ zoxf i poqg lc 98 rgp agex iq almripgh xl WQ( 02

òddole oe 0226% Xfg alppgqrlehoej cojwpgq clp xfg fojfgp ghwaixole qgaxlp ipg WQ( 92%1

òddole oe 0290 &G/ zoxf i poqg lc 90 rgp agex iq almripgh xl WQ( 3%7 òddole oe 0226%

Xfg aliafoej oeqxoxwxgq oe Oehoi zodd zoxegqq i 9: rgp agex oeapgiqg cplm WQ( 2%1

òddole oe 0226 xl WQ( 2%3 òddole oe 0290 &G/% Qomodipd$ xfg Rpg-qaflldq mipngx oe xfg

alwexp zodd zoxegqq i poqg lc 13 rgp agex cplm WQ( 2%1 òddole xl WQ( 9 òddole ieh xfg

slaixoleid xpioeoej cplm WQ( 9%3 òddole xl WQ( 8 òddole oe 0290 &G/%

"Xfg Oehoie rpg-qaflld mipngx oq qgx xl `galmg xfg dipjgqx oe xfg zlpdh% Oe Oehoi$ xfg

rpg-qaflld qgjmgex oq awppgexd zlpxf WQ( :72 moddole ieh oq gvrgaxgh xl pgiaf WQ( 9

òddole ` 0290$" iq xldh ` Ipwe Iplpi$ Afiopmie$Qgppi Oexgpeixoleid Rpg-Qaflldq%


12/63

Rposixg Gywox &RG/ Oesgqxmgexq

Xfg Rposixg gywox ieh sgexwpg airoxid oesgqxlpq fisg rwmrgh WQ( ?1 moddole oexl 92

ghwaixole almrieogq ` Kwd 0299$ ieh ipg `wddoqf i`lwx xfg qgaxlp*q rplqrgaxq jloej

clpziph iaalphoej xl Sgexwpg Oexgddojgeag% RG oesgqxmgex oe xfg ghwaixole qgaxlp

oeapgiqgh cplm WQ( 90? moddole oe 022? xl WQ( 961 moddole oe 0292% Xfg lxfgp dipjg

hgidq oe xfg alwexp oeadwhg RpgmkoOesgqx*q WQ( 81 moddole oesgqxmgex oe Mieorid

Ghwaixole ieh Oehoi Gywox Ripxegpq* WQ( 1: moddole oesgqxmgex oe OD#CQ Ghwaixole ieh

Xgafeldlj Qgpsoagq%

Jlsgpemgex Oeoxoixosgq,Rldoaogq

Clp xfg gip 0290-91$ Pq 07$777 aplpg &WQ( 8%?6 òddole/ fisg `gge iddlxxgh clpPXG-QQI &Pojfx xl Ghwaixole - Qipsi Qfonqfi I`foie/ zfoaf pgrpgqgexq ie

oeapgiqg lc 09%: rgp agex lsgp xfg rpgsolwq gip iddlxmgex oe 0299-90

3$222 qaflldq fisg `gge rplrlqgh xl `g qgx wr ix `dlan dgsgd iq mlhgd qaflldqoe xfg Xzgdcxf Cosg _gip Rdie &0290-9:/

Pq 1$908 aplpg &WQ( 2%39 òddole/ fisg `gge rplsohgh clp xfg PMQI &PiqfxpoiMihfimon Qfonqfi I`foie/ zfoaf oq ie oeapgiqg lc 0? rgp agex lsgp @G 0299-

90 Oe lphgp xl geqwpg i `gxxgp cdlz lc apghox xl qxwhgexq$ i Apghox Jwipiexgg Cweh

fiq `gge rplrlqgh

Qnodd Hgsgdlrmgex

Eixoleid Qnodd Hgsgdlrmgex Alprlpixole fiq irrplsgh rplkgaxq xfix ipggvrgaxgh xl xpioe 3%0 aplpg rglrdg ix xfg geh lc 92 gipq

Xfg Eixoleid Qnodd Hgsgdlrmgex Cweh fiq `gge iddlaixgh Pq 9$222 aplpg &WQ(2%9? òddole/ clp xfg rgpolh 0290-91

Xl omrplsg xfg cdlz lc oeqxoxwxoleid apghox clp qnodd hgsgdlrmgex$ i qgripixgApghox Jwipiexgg Cweh zodd `g qgx wr

"Fomiix" qafgmg oexplhwagh oe Kimmw ieh Niqfmop &K#N/ xl rplsohg qnodd


13/63

xpioeoej xl 922$222 lwxf hwpoej xfg egvx 7 gipq ieh xfg gexopg alqx zodd `g

`lpeg ` xfg Jlsgpemgex lc Oehoi

Miklp Oesgqxmgexq ieh Ng Hgsgdlrmgexq

Afoaijl-ìqgh Geaadlrghoi @poxieeoai oexgehq xl diweaf ledoeg dgipeoej iehnelzdghjg rplhwaxq oe Oehoi% Xfg Oehoie mipngx$ oe zfoaf Geaadlrghoi

@poxieeoai fiq `gge rpgqgex clp 90 gipq$ iaalwexgh clp i`lwx cosg rgp agex lc

xfg almrie*q jdlìd rpoex qidgq% @poxieeoai fiq qldh iplweh 9$922 lc giaf

ghoxole oe xfg alwexp lsgp xfg riqx 12 mlexfq%

Xfg Oehoie Oeqxoxwxg lc Mieijgmgex Nl{fonlhg &OOM-N/ fiq qojegh ie ijpggmgexlc al-lrgpixole zoxf Dgghq Weosgpqox @wqoegqq Qaflld$ WN xl rplmlxg xfg

oexgpeixoleidoqixole lc gcclpxq ` xfg oeqxoxwxg% Xfg rplkgax oexgehq xl gei`dg

`lxf xfg oeqxoxwxoleq xl aipp lwx iaxosoxogq qwaf iq gvafiejg lc qxwhgexq$

gvafiejg lc ciawdx mgm`gpq ieh alddi`lpixosg pgqgipaf le alexgmrlpip

mieijgmgex oqqwgq%

Oehoi hgsgdlrgh Oexgd Cwxwpg Qaogexoqx rpljpimmg xfix iomq xl qwqxioe xfgoeelsixosg qxpgin oe qxwhgexq$ fiq `gge diweafgh ` xfg jdlìd afor mingp$

Oexgd Oea% Xfg rpljpimmg zodd rplsohg qwrrlpx xl xgiafgpq oe xpieqclpmoej xfg

mgxflh lc xgiafoej qaogeag ieh mixf qw`kgaxq% Xfg clawq lc xfg oeoxoixosg oq xl

fgdr qaogeag xgiafgpq rpgqgex xfgop awppoawdi cplm ie oeywop-ìqgh rgpqrgaxosg

xl fgdr clqxgp i qropox lc pgqgipaf ieh oeelsixole imlej xfgop qxwhgexq%

Oehoi*q jplzoej Pq 172 aplpg &WQ( 36%11 moddole/ gvgawxosg ghwaixole qriagalexoewgq xl ixxpiax @-qaflldq% WQ-fgihywipxgpgh Fipsiph @wqoegqq Qaflld &F@Q/

zodd lccgp gvgawxosg rpljpimmgq ix xfg XikDiehq Geh$ ix @iehpi$ oe qw`wpìe

Mwmìo% Xfg Zfipxle Qaflld lc @wqoegqq$ Weosgpqox lc Rgeeqdsieoi$ zodd idql

qgx wr oxq lze agexpg oe Oehoi% Weosgpqox lc Afoaijl$ Xwan Qaflld lc @wqoegqq$OEQGIH$ Lvclph Weosgpqox*q Qioh @wqoegqq Qaflld ieh Hwng Weosgpqox ipg imlej

lxfgpq$ xl lccgp xfgop gvgawxosg ghwaixole rpljpimmgq oe Oehoi%

Xgafeldlj-ìqgh ghwaixole qldwxoleq rplsohgp Alpg Xgafeldljogq zodd qgx wr972 qnodd hgsgdlrmgex agexpgq iaplqq xfg alwexp% Zoxf ie oesgqxmgex lc Pq 872


14/63

aplpg &WQ( 6:%63 moddole/$ xfgqg xpioeoej agexpgq zodd lccgp slaixoleid xpioeoej

iaplqq hoqaordoegq qwaf iq iwxlmlòdg$ aleqxpwaxole$ flqroxidox$ pgxiod$ OX ieh

OX-gei`dgh qgpsoagq%

OOFX Dxh$ i xgafeldlj-xpioeoej lpjieoqixole$ idlej zoxf Moaplqlcx$ fiqieelweagh xfg diweaf lc i agpxocogh adlwh gvrgpx rpljpimmg ix Nlafo Oeclripn%

Xfg rpljpimmg zlwdh fgdr oeclpmixole xgafeldlj &OX/ rplcgqqoleidq iaywopg

xfg egagqqip qnoddq xl hgsgdlr oexl adlwh rplcgqqoleidq%

Zoxf xfg clawq le xfg Oehoie ghwaixole qgaxlp$ ie oeapgiqg oe iddlaixole clp Pojfx xl

Ghwaixole - Qipsi Qfonqfi I`foie ieh Piqfxpoi Mihfimon Qfonqfi I`foie

pgoxgpixgq xfg Jlsgpemgex*q almmoxmgex xlziphq ghwaixole% Xfg oeapgiqg oe

`whjgxip iddlaixoleq clp qaflld ghwaixole ieh ihwdx doxgpia oq idql i zgdalmg qxgrclp xfg cwxwpg lc xfg Oehoie ghwaixole qgaxlp%

IwxlmlòdgqOehoie Iwxlmlòdg Oehwqxp;

Oehoi oq xfg zlpdh*q qgaleh ciqxgqx jplzoej iwxl mipngx ieh `liqxq lc xfg qovxf dipjgqxiwxlmlòdg oehwqxp icxgp Afoei$ xfg WQ$ Jgpmie$ Kirie ieh @pi{od% Iaalphoej xl

Soniq Qgfjid$ Jdlìd Fgih lc iwxlmlxosg oehwqxp$ Plxfqafodh$ xfg Oehoie iwxlmlòdg

mipngx$ zfoaf oeadwhgq aipq$ xpwanq ieh iwxl ripxq$ oq rgjjgh ix 1%7 moddole weoxq `

xfg geh lc 0299-90% Plxfqafodh oq i WN-ìqgh jdlìd coeieaoid ihsoqlp copm%

Oehoi*q aip mipngx oq gsldsoej ix i jpgix riag% I aip oq elx led i wxodox$ `wx idql

pgrpgqgexq iqropixoleq ieh omijg lc oxq lzegp% Fgeag$ iwxl joiexq iaplqq xfg jdl`g ipg

dgisoej el qxleg wexwpegh xl ixxpiax Oehoie aleqwmgpq ` lccgpoej dwvwp$ sidwg$

wxodox ieh alesgeogeag oe xfgop rplhwaxq%

Ng hgsgdlrmgexq$ oeoxoixosgq$ oesgqxmgexq gx id rgpxioeoej xl xfg qgaxlp ipg hoqawqqgh


15/63

`gdlz%

Mipngx Hyeimoaq

Oehoie hlmgqxoa riqqgejgp sgfoadg mipngx oq oeapgiqoejd jgxxoej hlmoeixgh ` qmiddgpaipq% Clp xfg ywipxgp gehgh Hgagm`gp 0299$ Mipwxo Qw{wno Oehoi Dxh fgdh i qfipg lc

18%1 rgp agex oe hlmgqxoa riqqgejgp sgfoadg rog zfodg Fwehio Oehoi geklgh 97%6 rgp

agex lc ox% Xixi Mlxlpq &qxiehidleg lrgpixoleq/ ieh Mifoehpi # Mifoehpi &M#M/ fih i

mipngx qfipg lc 98%3 rgp agex ieh 90 rgp agex pgqrgaxosgd hwpoej xfg pgrlpxgh

rgpolh%

Ngy Qxixoqxoaq

Xfg Qlaogx lc Oehoie Iwxlmlòdg Miewciaxwpgpq &QOIM/ iexoaorixgq 99-91 rgpagex jplzxf oe aip qidgq hwpoej 0290-91

Xfg lsgpidd Oehoie iwxlmlòdg qgaxlp pgalphgh i jplzxf lc 98%07 rgp agex &93%?moddole weoxq cplm 98%6 moddole weoxq oe 0292/ oe 0299% Riqqgejgp aip qidgq

oeapgiqgh ` 8%08 rgp agex xl 9%?83 moddole weoxq &cplm 9%63: moddole weoxq oe

0292/$ xzl-zfggdgp qidgq ` 93%00 rgp agex xl 91 moddole weoxq ieh xfpgg-

zfggdgp qidgq ` 8%:8 rgp agex xl 707$222 weoxq

Clp 0299-90$ riqqgejgp aipq qidgq ipg gvrgaxgh xl jplz ix 2-0 rgp agex$ xzl-zfggdgpq ix 91-97 rgp agex ieh almmgpaoid sgfoadgq ix 96-02 rgp agex

Xfg awmwdixosg rplhwaxole clp Irpod-Hgagm`gp 0299 pgjoqxgpgh i jplzxf lc98%?8 rgp agex lsgp qimg rgpolh oe 0292% Rplhwaxole oe Hgagm`gp 0299

oeapgiqgh ` 92%?9 rgp agex gip-le-gip &_-l-_/

Lsgpidd iwxlmlòdg gvrlpxq pgjoqxgpgh i jplzxf pixg lc 06%?: rgp agex hwpoejIrpod-Hgagm`gp 0299% Riqqgejgp Sgfoadgq pgjoqxgpgh jpgz 96%98 rgp agex oe xfoq

rgpolh zfodg xzl-zfggdgpq$ almmgpaoid sgfoadgq ieh xfpgg zfggdgpq qgjmgexq

pgalphgh jplzxf lc 0?%:7 rgp agex$ 08%33 rgp agex ieh 80%31 rgp agex

pgqrgaxosgd

Oehoie Iwxlmlòdg Oehwqxpy; Miklp Hgsgdlrmgexq # Oesgqxmgexq


16/63

Clph Mlxlp Al*q Oehoie qw`qohoip fiq rdiagh ie lphgp zoxf oxq Oehoie alwexgpripx -

miklp aleqxpwaxlp Nikomi Alpr*q qw`qohoip xl hgsgdlr ie iwxl ciaxlp oe xfg aox lc

Qieieh oe Jwkipix% Zoxf ie gqxomixgh lwxdi lc :: òddole ge &WQ( 9 òddole/$ xfg

ciaodox oq gvrgaxgh xl jgx almrdgxgh ` 0298 zoxf ie oeoxoid ieewid airiaox lc 082$

222 weoxq%

@ikik Iwxl Oehoi*q qgaleh dipjgqx iwxlmingp fiq mihg i hg`wx oe clwp-zfggdgp

qgjmgex ` diweafoej i dlz-alqx$ gal-cpogehd iwxlmlòdg - PG32% Xfg clwp zfggdgp

sgfoadg fiq xfpgg-zfggdgp awqxlmgpq iq oxq xipjgx mipngx ieh oq isiodi`dg oe xfpgg cwgd

sipoiexq &rgxpld$ AEJ ieh DEJ/% Xfg almrie qggq Qpo Dieni ieh Icpoai iq rlxgexoid

gvrlpx mipngxq clp PG32%

Oehoie iwxl miklp M#M oq dllnoej xl hgsgdlr gelwjf oecpiqxpwaxwpg xl pwe gdgaxpoa aipq

oe Oehoi% Xfg copqx almrie xl almmoqqole qldip rlzgp rplkgaxq wehgp xfg Kizifipdid

Egfpw Eixoleid Qldip Moqqole &KEEQM/$ M#M oq le i dlln-lwx clp qldip rlzgpgh

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Mifoehpi-Pgsi `pieh%

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dwvwp aip qgjmgex% Xfg almrie zodd diweaf oxq I Adiqq aleagrx oe Oehoi oe 0291 ieh

fiq idpgih oesgqxgh Pq :22 aplpg &WQ( 917%67 moddole/ oe i egz iqqgm`d rdiex oe

Oehoi%

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Iwxl Gvrl; I Jpieh Qwaagqq

Oehoi*q 99xf Iwxl Gvrl kloexd flqxgh ` QOIM$ Alecghgpixole lc Oehoie Oehwqxp &AOO/


17/63

ieh Iwxlmlxosg Almrlegex Miewciaxwpgpq Iqqlaoixole &IAMI/ xlln rdiag ix Hgdfo*q

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gvfoòxole gm`piagh 9$722 ripxoaoriexq cplm 08 alwexpogq ieh zoxegqqgh diweaf lc

lsgp 72 egz rplhwaxq%

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Fgvi Qriag% Jgpmie iwxlmlòdg miklp Sldnqzijge diweafgh egz sgpqoleq lc oxq QWS

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xfgop lccgpoejq zfodg Plid Gecogdh ieh Fipdg Hisohqle mihg xfgop òng diweafgq%

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rdixclpm clp xfgm zfgpg xfg aie pgiaf lwx xl miqqgq oe xfg mlqx gccgaxosg zi%


Xfg Jlsgpemgex lc Oehoi oq oe xfg rplagqq lc clpmoej i Eixoleid Iwxlmlxosg @liph

&EI@/ zfoaf zlwdh `galmg i clpmid qgx-wr xl dlln oexl xfg oqqwg lc pgaidd lc sgfoadgq

ieh fgeag omrplsg miewciaxwpoej qxiehiphq% Xfg rplqrgaxosg `lh$ xl lsgpqgg

xgafeoaid ieh qicgx iqrgaxq lc sgfoadgq$ zodd fisg pgrpgqgexixosgq cplm idd xfg elhid

moeoqxpogq ieh iwxlmlxosg `lhogq qwaf iq xfg Iwxlmlxosg Pgqgipaf Iqqlaoixole lc Oehoi

&IPIO/%

Xfg Jlsgpemgex lc Jwkipix fiq idziq `gge le i fojf xl rplmlxg oxq oehwqxpoid qriag

gqrgaoidd oxq xfg iwxlmlòdg qgaxlp% Oe lphgp xl `llqx xfg Qxixg Jlsgpemgex*q gcclpxq

oe xfoq pgjiph$ Jwkipix Jlsgpemgex*q Oehwqxpoid Gvxgeqole @wpgiw$ idlej zoxf


18/63

Iwxlmlxosg Almrlegexq Miewciaxwpgpq Iqqlaoixole$ Cpgeaf Sgfoadgq Gywormgex

Oehwqxpogq &COGS/ ieh Cpgeaf iwxl-miklp Rgwjglx$ lpjieoqgh i qgmoeip ieh `wqoegqq

mggxoej le Kiewip ?$ 0299 zfgpgoe 32 Cpgeaf iwxlml`odg almrlegex mingpq zgpg

`pogcgh le lrrlpxweoxogq xl qgx wr sgehlp ripn egip Qieieh &Jwkipix*q iwxl fw`/ oe

Ifmghi`ih hoqxpoax%

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dieh ix Qieieh xl xfg Idd Oehoi Rdiqxoa Miewciaxwpgpq Iqqlaoixole &IORMI/ xl qgx wr i

rdiqxoa ripn xfix alwdh ixxpiax ie oesgqxmgex lc i`lwx Pq 7222 aplpg &WQ( ?:2%11

moddole/% Xfg Jlsgpemgex*q mlsg mipnq oxq gg clp hgxiod iq xfg mgiqwpg fiq almg oe

xfg dojfx lc xfg ciax xfix i coeoqfgh aip zlwdh pgywopg i`lwx 972 njq lc rdiqxoa%

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` sldwmgq icxgp Afoei ieh xfg WQ ` 0297% Xfpgg- cldh oeapgiqg oe oesgqxmgexq `

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moddole oe 0296% Xfg copm iexoaorixgq xfix xfg clpgaiqx zlwdh almg xl pgidox xfplwjf

12 egz ciaxlpogq xfix ipg gqxomixgh xl almg wr oe egvx gojfx gipq% Xfg copm fldhq i

`wddoqf lwxdlln le Oehoie iwxl oehwqxp ieh rpghoaxq i plz lc mgpjgpq ieh iaywoqoxoleq

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ISOIXOLE

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oe xfg isoixole qgaxlp% Le xfg qohgdoegq lc xfg Oexgpeixoleid Aosod Isoixole Egjlxoixole

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gipq ieh xfg oexgpeixoleid xpiccoa zodd gvaggh 62 moddole riqqgejgpq i gip$" ihhgh Mq

Rixod%

Oehoi oq rloqgh xl gmgpjg iq xfg xfoph dipjgqx isoixole mipngx oe xfg zlpdh ` xfg geh


19/63

lc xfoq hgaihg$ iaalphoej xl Hp Eiqom [ioho$ Qgapgxip$ Moeoqxp lc Aosod Isoixole% Xfg

qgaxlp zoxf i jplzxf lc 96 rgp agex oe hlmgqxoa mipngx oq gvrgaxgh xl jgegpixg

irrplvomixgd 0%3 moddole kl`q oe xfg egvx leg hgaihg$ ihhgh Hp [ioho%

Oe ihhoxole$ xfg WQ-`iqgh gdgaxpoaid almrlegexq almrie$ Gixle Alprlpixole clpgqggq

rdgex lc lrrlpxweoxogq clp oxqgdc oe Oehoi*q wecldhoej aosod ieh modoxip igplqriag qxlp%

"Oehoi oq gvrgaxgh xl gmgpjg iq leg lc xfg dipjgqx isoixole mipngxq oe xfg zlpdh$"

iaalphoej xl Klg-Xil [flw$ IRIA Rpgqohgex$ Igplqriag Jplwr$ Gixle Alprlpixole%

Mlpglsgp$ xfg Oehopi Jiehfo Oexgpeixoleid Ioprlpx &OJO/ oe Egz Hgdfo$ Oehoi$ fiq `gge

piengh xfg qgaleh-`gqx ioprlpx oe xfg zlpdh clp 0299 ` xfg Ioprlpxq Alweaod

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moddole riqqgejgpq rgp ieewm% Xfg OJO ioprlpx fiehdgh i pgalph ewm`gp lc 17 moddole

riqqgejgpq oe 0299% Xfg ioprlpx fiq ie ieewid riqqgejgp airiaox lc lsgp 32 moddole lc

zfoaf xgpmoeid 1 aie idleg fiehdg 18 moddole riqqgejgpq% Oe ihhoxole$ xfg ioprlpx idql

fiehdgh lsgp 322$222 xleegq lc aipjl ieh lsgp 122$222 iopapicx mlsgmgexq oe 0299%

Mipngx Qo{g

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8$022 ioprlpxq ieh hgrdlq 0:$222 iopapicx% Xlhi$ 6: clpgoje iopdoegq cd xl ieh cplm

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moddole iq ijioeqx 8%?8 moddole hwpoej xfg alppgqrlehoej rgpolh lc rpgsolwq gip

xfgpg` pgjoqxgpoej i jplzxf lc 6%23 rgp agex$ iaalphoej xl hixi pgdgiqgh ` xfg

Hopgaxlpixg Jgegpid Aosod Isoixole &HJAI/%

Xfg iop xpieqrlpx &oeadwhoej iop cpgojfx/ oe Oehoi fiq ixxpiaxgh clpgoje hopgax

oesgqxmgex &CHO/ zlpxf WQ( 80?%:2 moddole cplm Irpod 0222 xl Hgagm`gp 0299$ iq rgp

hixi pgdgiqgh ` Hgripxmgex lc Oehwqxpoid Rldoa ieh Rplmlxole &HORR/%


20/63

Rposixg aippogpq ipg iexoaorixgh xl rlqx i almòegh rplcox lc WQ( 172 moddole WQ( 822

moddole clp xfg coeieaoid gip gehoej Mipaf 19$ 0290$ iaalphoej xl i pgrlpx xoxdgh$

*0299-90 Isoixole Oehwqxp Lwxdlln* ` Agexpg clp Iqoi Riaocoa Isoixole &AIRI/ Oehoi%

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oeapgiqg xlziphq xfg wrrgp geh lc i 92-90 rgp agex piejg lsgp xfg egvx 90 mlexfq%

Mipngx Rdiygpq

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ieh pgqawg ipgiq zfodg mioexioeoej oxq dgihgpqfor rlqoxole oe xfg riqqgejgp$

rposixg$ lod ieh jiq ieh SOR mipngxq$ xfg almrie lccoaoid ihhgh

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08 mlexfq$ iq rgp i xlr lccoaoid lc xfg Qwrgp Ioprlpx Oecpiqxpwaxwpg Rsx Dxh$ xfg

hgsgdlrgpq% Xfg copqx rfiqg lc aleqxpwaxole oq gqxomixgh ix Pq 972 aplpg &WQ(

12%23 moddole/ clp i 9%6 nodlmgxpgq &Nmq/ pwezi

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xgpmoeid `wodhoej zodd `g almrdgxgh ix i alqx lc Pq 987%78 aplpg &WQ( 0?%9:

moddole/

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rplsohg gvadwqosg iop afipxgp qgpsoagq xl sipolwq hgqxoeixoleq iaplqq Oehoi ieh


21/63

i`plih ieh fgdoalrxgp xlwpq zoxfoe Nlafo% Xfg Jplwr zlwdh idql diweaf oxq

fgdoalrxgp qgpsoagq oe Mipaf 0290

Igplqriag le i Fojf

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xfgpg$" iaalphoej xl Xgmgd Nlxod$ AGL$ Xwpnoqf Iopdoegq

I zlpdh dgihgp oe miewciaxwpg lc iopapicx aiòe oexgpolp rplhwaxq$ @,GIgplqriag$ fiq ieelweagh xfg lrgeoej lc oxq Gejoeggpoej Qgpsoagq Hosoqole oe

Fhgpiìh% Xfg hgsgdlrmgex almgq adlqg xl xfg 1ph ghoxole lc Oehoi Isoixole$

i miklp isoixole qflz xfix zodd `g fgdh oe Fhgpiìh hwpoej Mipaf 98-96$ 0290

Ie Iwqxpidoie hgdgjixole dgh ` F G Xgh @ioddogw$ xfg Rpgmogp lc Soaxlpoi aiddghle Mp Ikox Qoejf$ xfg Moeoqxgp lc Aosod Isoixole oe Egz Hgdfo% Xfg hgdgjixole

hoqawqqgh xfg rplrlqgh diweaf lc hopgax iop qgpsoagq ` xfg Iop Oehoi cplm Egz

Hgdfo xl Mgd`lwpeg% Iop Oehoi fiq rplrlqgh xl almmgeag hopgax qgpsoagq cplm

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xl `g oehwaxgh oe Mi 0290% Zoxf xfg qgpsoagq oe rdiag$ Iop Oehoi zlwdh `g xfg

led aippogp qgpsoej xfg Oehoi-Iwqxpidoi mipngx ele-qxlr

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Midiqoi$ Eojgpoi$ Ripijwi$ Pwqqoie Cghgpixole$ Qiwho Ipiòi$ Qgafgddgq$

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pgywgqx cplm xfg ripxogq xl xfg Weoxgh Eixoleq Cpimgzlpn Alesgexole leAdomixg Afiejg &WECAAA/

Pgagex Hgsgdlrmgexq

Xfg OJO Ioprlpx oe Egz Hgdfo fiq `gge aixgjlpoqgh iq xfg mlqx dwapixosg pgxiod


22/63

dlaixole clp dwvwp `piehq dong Qziplsqno$ Mipnq # Qrgeagp &M#Q/$ Fohgqoje ieh

mie mlpg% Xfg ioprlpx fiq jgegpixgh qidgq lc 7$222 rgp qywipg cggx rgp mlexf

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riqqgejgpq wqgh ox diqx gip% Ox oq xfg clwpxf dipjgqx pgxiod fw` oe xfg alwexp

zoxf qidgq lc Pq 9$022 aplpg &WQ( 082%86 moddole/ oe 0299

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jplzoej ix 9:-96 rgp agex ieewidd$ gmgpjoej iq i soi`dg rdixclpm clp pgxiodgpq

ieh lrgpixlpq lc xfg egz ioprlpxq$ iaalphoej xl aleqwdxoej copm Iqoria Rplkgaxq


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Oehoie Qafghwdgh Aippogpq oeadwhoej Iop Oehoi xl wxodoqg xfg iddlaixgh òdixgpid xodd xfg

xomg xfg pgiaf xfg mivomwm rgpmoqqo`dg domox wehgp Iop Qgpsoag Ijpggmgexq &IQIq/%

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ìqoq%

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mipngx ieh xfg oehwqxp oq jplzoej oe xgpmq lc rdigpq ieh xfg ewm`gp lc iopapicxq%


23/63

Josge xfg qxplej mipngx cwehimgexidq$ xfg aosod isoixole mipngx oq gvrgaxgh xfix ox

zodd pgjoqxgp i almrlweh ieewid jplzxf pixg &AIJP/ lc mlpg xfie 93 rgp agex hwpoej

0292-0291%

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almoej lwx zoxf egz rldoaogq zfoaf ipg do`gpid ieh zodd gealwpijg rw`doa-rposixg

ripxegpqforq &RRR/

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xl :8 rgp agex oq rgpmoqqo`dg xfplwjf hopgax irrplsidq zfodg qrgaoid rgpmoqqoleq

ipg pgywopgh clp 922 rgp agex oesgqxmgex

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gvgmrxole oq idql jpiexgh clp 92 gipq

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&EPO/ soi xfg iwxlmixoa plwxg% CHO wr xl :8 rgp agex oq iddlzgh clp ele-

qafghwdgh ieh aipjl iopdoegq

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iopapicx$ hlmgqxoa riqqgejgp ewm`gpq alwdh pgiaf 972-962 moddole$ fgdoalrxgp cdggx oq

gvrgaxgh xl `g 722$ zfodg xfg iop aipjl mlsgmgex oq gvrgaxgh xl pgiaf xfg dgsgd lc ?

moddole mgxpoa xleegq &MMX/%

Xfg isoixole qgaxlp oq leg lc xfg miklp galelmoa hposgpq clp rplqrgpox$ hgsgdlrmgex

ieh gmrdlmgex oe xfg alwexp% Miqqosg oesgqxmgexq oe ioprlpx oecpiqxpwaxwpg fisg

dgh xl zlpdh adiqq ioprlpxq zfoaf fisg `galmg xfg qm`ld lc Oehoi*q jplzxf qxlp%


24/63

XGDGALMMWEOAIXOLEXfoph dipjgqx oe xfg zlpdh ieh xfg qgaleh dipjgqx imlej xfg gmgpjoej galelmogq lc

Iqoi$ xfg Oehoie Xgdgalmmweoaixole egxzlpn fiq rplsgh oxq mgxxdg xomg ieh ijioe%

Rw`doa iq zgdd iq rposixg qgjmgexq lc xfg galelm fisg mihg qojeocoaiex alexpo`wxoleq

xl ming xfg qgaxlp leg lc xfg ng alexpo`wxlpq xl Oehoi*q qwaagqq qxlp%

Xfg jplzxf lc Oehoie xgdgalmmweoaixole qgaxlp oq fojfd hposge ` qwrrlpxosg

jlsgpemgex rldoaogq$ gmgpjoej egz xgafeldljogq ieh afiejoej aleqwmgp `gfisolwp%

Xfg ciax xfix xfg oehwqxp fiq mihg qxwrgehlwq jplzxf oe pgagex xomgq oq pgcdgaxgh oe

xfg qxixoqxoaq$ ng hgsgdlrmgexq$ oesgqxmgexq ieh cwxwpg rplqrgaxq rgpxioeoej xl oxipg

hoqawqqgh fgpgicxgp%

Ngy Qxixoqxoaq

Oe oxq pgagex qxixgmgex oqqwgh$ Xgdgalm Pgjwdixlp Iwxflpox lc Oehoi &XPIO/ fiqpgsgidgh xfix xfg alwexp*q mlòdg qw`qapo`gp ìqg fiq oeapgiqgh cplm 6?1%68

moddole oe Hgagm`gp 0299 xl ?21%:1 moddole oe Kiewip 0290$ jplzoej ` 9%99

rgp agex

Xgdgalm lrgpixlpq ihhgh ?%66 moddole mlòdg qw`qapo`gpq oe Kiewip 0290$xinoej xfg xlxid xgdgrfleg wqgp ìqg xl ?13%90 moddole

Xfg lsgpidd xgdg-hgeqox &xgdgrflegq rgp 922 rglrdg/ pgiafgh ::%7: rgp agex @plihìeh qw`qapo`gp ìqg oeapgiqgh cplm 91%12 moddole ix xfg geh lc

Hgagm`gp 0299 xl 91%80 moddole ix xfg geh lc Kiewip 0290

Mipngx Hyeimoaq

Xfg Oehoie fiehqgx mipngx fiq pgjoqxgpgh 98%9 rgp agex jplzxf oe 0299 mipnoej i

sldwmg qidg lc 960 moddole fiehqgxq% Xfg Oehoie fiehqgx mipngx oq dgh ` Elnoi zoxf

1:%0 rgp agex mipngx qfipg$ clddlzgh ` Qimqwej &98%? rgp agex/$ J*Cosg &:%7 rgp

agex/ ieh Moaplmiv &7%6 rgp agex/%


25/63

Oehoie fiehqgx mipngx gvrgpogeagq i qxplej rpgqgeag lc hlmgqxoa ieh Afoegqg

fiehqgx mingpq &dong Moaplmiv$ J*Cosg$ Nip`lee$ Qroag$ Mivv ieh Disi/ lzoej xl xfgop

lccgpoejq xfix ipg pgiqlei`d rpoagh iq zgdd iq cwdd cgixwpgh zoxf dixgqx xgafeldljogq

ieh irrdoaixoleq%

Mlpglsgp$ gsgp sgehlp oq sgexwpoej oexl xfg cdlwpoqfoej qmipxrfleg mipngx oe Oehoi% I

pgrlpx ` A`gpMghoi Pgqgipaf &AMP/ pgsgidq xfix xfix xfgpg zgpg 92 moddole weoxq lc

qmipxrflegq qformgexq lsgp Kiewip-Elsgm`gp 0299% Xfg pgrlpx xoxdgh *Oehoi Mlexfd

Mlòdg Fiehqgxq Mipngx Pgsogz* idql qxixgh xfix xfgpg zgpg 01 qmipxrfleg mlhgd

diweafgq oe xfg mlexf lc Elsgm`gp oxqgdc%

Clp qmipxrfleg qformgexq idql &hwpoej Kiewip-Elsgm`gp 0299/$ Elnoi dgh xfg

mipngx zoxf 16%8 rgp agex qfipg$ zoxf Qimqwmj &0:%7 rgp agex/ ieh Pgdoieag Oehoi

Mlòdg &POM ^97%7 rgp agex]/ xpiodoej `gfoeh%

Ngy Hgsgdlrmgexq # Oesgqxmgexq

Oe i òh xl jdlìdoqg oxq Oehoie lrgpixoleq xfix zlwdh qwrrlpx oxq jdlìd rplhwaxqwrrd afioe$ Gpoaqqle$ xfg zlpdh*q dipjgqx mlòdg egxzlpn gywormgex mingp$

fiq rdieq xl pimr wr oxq oesgqxmgexq oe xfg alwexp% Hposge ` afiejoej

hgmljpirfoaq ieh aleqwmgp `gfisolwp$ Gpoaqqle*q qxpixgj oq xl wrjpihg Oehoie

lrgpixoleq cplm goej hlmgqxoa-mipngx lpogexgh xl gvrlpx lpogexgh

Oehoie qxipx-wr almrie Disi fiq clpmgh i qxpixgjoa ripxegpqfor zoxf Oexgd zoxfxfg diweaf lc xfg copqx Oexgd-rlzgpgh qmipxrfleg oe Oehoi$ xfg Vldl V?22% Disi$

zfoaf fiq ql cip miewciaxwpgh `whjgx rflegq$ zodd elz rplhwag qmipxrflegq

wehgp xfg `pieh eimg *Vldl*

Oehoi*q xfoph dipjgqx mlòdg rfleg almrie Ohgi Agddwdip fiq gexgpgh ieiddoieag zoxf Lrgpi Qlcxzipg xl diweaf i awqxlmoqgh *Lrgpi Moeo* mlòdg zg`

`plzqgp% Iripx cplm `goej i miqq-mipngx zg` `plzqgp xfix adiomq xl lccgp i

poaf zg` gvrgpogeag xl qmipxrfleg wqgpq$ Lrgpi Moeo zlwdh idql fgdr oe hposoej

hixi xpiccoa ieh oeapgiqg isgpijg pgsgewg rgp wqgp &IPRW/

@fipxo Iopxgd fiq diweafgh ie oeelsixosg mlòdg mleg rdixclpm aiddgh *Iopxgd


26/63

Mleg* oe Oehoi xfplwjf oxq zfldd-lzegh qw`qohoip Iopxgd M Almmgpag Qgpsoagq

Dxh &IMQD/% Iopxgd wqgpq$ iaplqq 122 ng aoxogq oe Oehoi$ zlwdh `g gmrlzgpgh xl

xlr-wr xfgop agdd-rflegq zoxf iopxomg ieh ri clp xfgop wxodox òddq$ pgafipjgq$

qflrroej ix :$222-rdwq mgpafiex lwxdgxq ieh ledoeg xpieqiaxoleq xfplwjf xfoq

ciqx$ qomrdg ieh qgawpg qgpsoag

Oehoi*q cocxf-dipjgqx Jdlìd Qqxgm clp Mlòdg Almmweoaixoleq &JQM/ lrgpixlpIopagd$ fiq hgaohgh xl pgegz oxq lwxqlwpaoej alexpiax zlpxf WQ( 922 zoxf Elnoi

Qogmgeq Egxzlpnq &EQE/ xl mieijg oxq mlòdg egxzlpnq oe qgsge aopadgq - Hgdfo$

Mwmìo$ Nldnixi$ Rweki`$ Fipiei$ Zgqx @gejid ieh Pikiqxfie

EQE fiq idql ìjjgh i alexpiax cplm @fipxo Iopxgd$ xfg zlpdh*q cocxf dipjgqx xgdgalm

almrie$ xl `wodh ieh lrgpixg oxq dlej-xgpm gsldwxole &DXG/ egxzlpn oe Mifipiqfxpiaopadg% DXG oq i 8J mlòdg `plihìeh xgafeldlj xfix qwrrlpxq qgpsoagq dong fojf-qrggh

oexgpegx ieh sohgl qxpgimoej le xfg jl%


Xfg qgaxlp pgjwdixlp$ XPIO$ fiq oqqwgh jwohgdoegq xl idd xfg lrgpixlpq xl qgx wr i

almrdioex agexpg wehgp Xgdgalm Aleqwmgpq Almrdioex Pgjwdixoleq$ 0290% Xfg agexpg

zlwdh `g pgqrleqo`dg oe ianelzdghjoej idd xfg almrdioexq ox pgagosgq$ gsge oc xfgalmrdioex oq mihg ` i qw`qapo`gp lc ielxfgp mlòdg lrgpixlp% Ox zlwdh fisg i xldd-

cpgg ewm`gp ieh zlwdh `g gyworrgh zoxf i zg`-ìqgh almrdioex mleoxlpoej qqxgm$

xfplwjf zfoaf xfg aleqwmgpq aie xpian xfgop almrdioexq%

XPIO oq idql hloej oxq òx xl iafogsg xfg iom lc aip`le gmoqqole pghwaxole wehgp zfoaf

lrgpixlpq ipg hopgaxgh xl iafogsg aip`le pghwaxole xl xfg gvxgex lc 7 rgp agex `

0290-91$ 90 rgp agex ` 0293-9: ieh 9: rgp agex ` 0296-9?% Zoxf pgjiphq xl xfgqg

elpmq wehgp *Jpgge Xgdgrfle*$ XPIO fiq cwpxfgp miehixgh clp idd xfg lrgpixlpq xfix

ix dgiqx 72 rgp agex lc idd pwpid xlzgpq ieh 02 rgp agex lc idd wpìe xlzgpq ipg xl `g

rlzgpgh ` f`poh rlzgp ` 0297% Xfg jlsgpemgex fiq idql josge oxq elh clp xfg

qimg%


27/63

Mlpglsgp$ xfg Eixoleid Xgdgalm Rldoa &EXR/ 0290 fiq pgagosgh irrplsid cplm xfg

Xgdgalm Almmoqqole% Ox zodd elz fgih xl xfg Aiòegx clp cwpxfgp aleqohgpixole ieh

irrplsid% Xfg egz xgdgalm rldoa gehlpqgq cpgg plimoej qgpsoag xl xgdgalm wqgpq

zfodg iddlzoej xfgm xl pgxioe xfgop ewm`gpq zoxflwx rioej gvxpi% Xfg egz rldoa

zlwdh idql iddlz xgdgalm rdigpq xl gvox cplm xfg `wqoegqq wehgp qrgaocoa alehoxoleq%

Iaalphoej xl I@O Pgqgipaf$ i WQ-ìqgh mipngx oexgddojgeag almrie qrgaoidoqoej oe

jdlìd aleegaxosox ieh gmgpjoej xgafeldlj$ xfg Oehoie fiehqgx mipngx oq rloqgh xl

jplz ix i almrlwehgh ieewid jplzxf pixg &AIJP/ lc 92%: rgp agex lsgp 0299-9:$ zoxf

xlxid fiehqgx sldwmg rplkgaxgh xl mipn 117 moddole weoxq lc qidgq ` 029:%

Oehwqxp gvrgpxq `gdogsg xfix qmipxrfleg qgjmgex zlwdh `g xfg ciqxgqx-gmgpjoej

hosoqole xfix zlwdh gsge lwxriag xfg lsgpidd fiehqgx mipngx% Xfg qgjmgex oq

iexoaorixgh xl iaalwex clp 0? rgp agex lc xfg xlxid fiehqgx sldwmg zoxf ?:%0 moddole

weoxq ` 029:$ pgjoqxgpoej i AIJP lc iplweh 82 rgp agex%

@ienoej

Oehoie @ienoej Qgaxlp;

Xfg Pq 38 xpoddole &WQ( 9%00 xpoddole/ Oehoie ìenoej oehwqxp fiq mihg gvagrxoleid

rpljpgqq oe diqx cgz gipq$ gsge hwpoej xfg xomgq zfge xfg pgqx lc xfg zlpdh ziq

qxpwjjdoej zoxf coeieaoid mgdxhlze% Gsge xlhi$ coeieaoid oeqxoxwxoleq iaplqq xfg zlpdh

ipg ciaoej xfg pgrgpawqqoleq lc xfg xwpmlod `wx xfg Oehoie legq ipg qxiehoej qxocc

wehgp xfg pgjwdixlp*q zixafcwd gg ieh fgeag$ fisg gmgpjgh qxplejgp%

Pixoejq ijgea Mllh*q `gdogsg xfix qxplej hgrlqox ìqg lc Oehoie dgehgpq iehJlsgpemgex*q rgpqoqxgex qwrrlpx xl rw`doa qgaxlp ieh rposixg ìenq zlwdh iax iq

rlqoxosg ciaxlpq clp xfg gexopg qqxgm imohqx xfg egjixosg jdlìd qageipol%

Xfg qgaxlp fiq wehgpjleg qojeocoaiex hgsgdlrmgexq ieh oesgqxmgexq oe xfg pgagex


28/63

riqx% Qlmg lc xfgm ipg hoqawqqgh fgpgicxgp idlej zoxf xfg ng qxixoqxoaq ieh

Jlsgpemgex oeoxoixosgq rgpxioeoej xl xfg qimg%

Ngy Qxixoqxoaq

Iaalphoej xl xfg Pgqgpsg @ien lc Oehoi &P@O/*q Ywipxgpd Qxixoqxoaq le Hgrlqoxqieh Apghox lc Qafghwdgh Almmgpaoid @ienq*$ Mipaf 0299$ Eixoleidoqgh @ienq$ iq

i jplwr$ iaalwexgh clp 71%2 rgp agex lc xfg ijjpgjixg hgrlqoxq$ zfodg Qxixg

@ien lc Oehoi &Q@O/ ieh oxq iqqlaoixgq iaalwexgh clp 09%3 rgp agex% Xfg qfipg lc

Egz rposixg qgaxlp ìenq$ Ldh rposixg qgaxlp ìenq$ Clpgoje ìenq ieh Pgjoleid

Pwpid ìenq oe ijjpgjixg hgrlqoxq ziq 91%8 rgp agex$ 8%3 rgp agex$ 8%8 rgp agex

ieh 1 rgp agex pgqrgaxosgd%

Zoxf pgqrgax xl jplqq ìen apghox idql$ eixoleidoqgh ìenq fldh xfg fojfgqxqfipg lc 70%6 rgp agex oe xfg xlxid ìen apghox$ zoxf Q@O ieh oxq iqqlaoixgq ix

00%9 rgp agex ieh Egz Rposixg qgaxlp ìenq ix 91%0 rgp agex% Clpgoje ìenq$

Ldh rposixg qgaxlp ìenq ieh Pgjoleid Pwpid ìenq fgdh pgdixosgd dlzgp qfipgq

oe xfg xlxid ìen apghox zoxf 8%? rgp agex$ 8%3 rgp agex ieh 0%8 rgp agex

pgqrgaxosgd%

Ielxfgp qxixgmgex cplm P@O fiq pgsgidgh xfix ìen ihsieagq jpgz 9:%26 rgp agexieewidd iq le Hgagm`gp 93 zfodg ìen hgrlqoxq plqg 96%21 rgp agex%

P@O hixi qflzq xfix Oehoi pioqgh WQ( 9%3 òddole xfplwjf gvxgpeid almmgpaoid

`lpplzoejq &GA@q/ oe Elsgm`gp 0299 clp egz rplkgaxq$ airoxid lwxdi gx id% :6

almrieogq pioqgh WQ( 9%1 òddole wehgp iwxlmixoa plwxg ieh WQ( 071 moddole ziq

pioqgh wehgp xfg irrplsid plwxg &ox pgywopgq aiqg-`-aiqg irrplsid ` xfg pgjwdixlp/%

Oehoi*q clpgoje gvafiejg pgqgpsgq qxllh ix WQ( 0?: òddole iq le Hgagm`gp 12$0299%

Oe pgagex gipq$ hgrlqoxq wehgp ele-pgqohgex Oehoieq &EPO/ qafgmgq fisgzoxegqqgh ie wrqwpjg% Xfgpg ziq ie oecdlz Pq 98$:31 aplpg &WQ( 0%61 òddole/

wehgp EPO hgrlqoxq oe 0292-99$ zfoaf ziq 3%7 rgp agex fojfgp cplm 022?-92% Oe


29/63

0299$ xfg xlxid lc EPO hgrlqoxq ziq Pq 0$12$690 aplpg &WQ( 88%0 òddole/$

almripgh xl Pq 0$0:$2:6 aplpg &WQ( 81%7 òddole/ oe 0292%

Pgagex Hgsgdlrmgexq

Xfg WQ Gvrlpx-Omrlpx @ien$ zoxf i almmoxmgex lc WQ( : òddole$ oq le i zi xlhosgpqoc oxq rlpxcldol oe Oehoi ` coeieaoej rplkgaxq oe ghwaixole$ fgidxfaipg

ieh ijpoawdxwpg% Icxgp Mgvoal$ Oehoi oq xfg qgaleh òjjgqx oesgqxmgex

hgqxoeixole clp xfg ìen iq xfg gexox iexoaorixgq xfg alwexp xl `galmg xfg

dipjgqx mipngx oe egvx 90-96 mlexfq%

Oehoi Oecpiqxpwaxwpg Coeieag Almrie Dxh &OOCAD/ ieh OH@O @ien fisg oengh icosg-gip mgmlpiehwm lc wehgpqxiehoej &MlW/ xl diweaf oecpiqxpwaxwpg hg`x

cweh &OHC/ qafgmgq% Xfg OHC$ clp zfoaf OH@O @ien ieh OOCAD zlwdh rdi qxpixgjoa

oesgqxlpq$ oq gvrgaxgh xl jgx diweafgh ` xfg geh lc Cg`pwip 0290%

Zoxf *jpgge rlzgp* rplkgaxq jgxxoej fojfd rlrwdip oe Oehoi$ gqrgaoidd oe xfgqxixgq lc Jwkipix ieh Pikiqxfie$ ìenq ipg oeapgiqoejd lrgeoej wr xl rplkgaxq

cplm ele-alesgexoleid &qldip ieh zoeh/ gegpj qriag% Icxgp pgagosoej rplkgax

rplrlqidq xfix zgpg mgiex clp i ripxoawdip oehwqxp,aleqwmgp lp jplwr lc

oehwqxpogq,aleqwmgpq clp xfgop lze wqg$ ìenq ipg elz jgxxoej rplkgaxq xfix

gexiod almmgpaoid soiòdox &07-922 mgji zixx/%

Zoxf ie oexgeqole xl qxpgejxfge oxq fldh oe Qlwxfgpe Oehoi$ xfg Wal @ien oqrdieeoej xl ihh 99 mlpg `pieafgq oe Iehfpi Rpihgqf xl oxq 33-`pieaf-qxplej

egxzlpn oe xfg qxixg% Xfg ìen fiq mihg gvgmrdip rpljpgqq oe pgagex riqx

zoxf 0$228 `pieafgq oe xfg alwexp ieh clwp i`plih%


Ijpggoej xl Nfiehgdzid Almmoxxgg*q pgalmmgehixole$ xfg Jlsgpemgex fiq qioh xfix

qxixg-pwe ìenq zodd jgx xzl Afogc Gvgawxosgq ieh xfg dipjg ìenq zlwdh jgx xfpgg

Gvgawxosg Hopgaxlpq &GHq/ oe xfgop mieijgmgex riegd% @ienq zoxf i `wqoegqq lc mlpg

xfie Pq 122$222 aplpg &WQ( 7:%88 òddole/ ipg aleqohgpgh xl `g dipjg gexoxogq% Xfg xfoph

GH$ flzgsgp$ zlwdh `g pgqrleqo`dg clp fwmie pgqlwpag hgsgdlrmgex &FPH/ ieh


30/63

xgafeldlj oe xfg ìen%

"Ele-pgqohgex Oehoieq &EPOq/ ipg apwaoid oesgqxlpq clp ìenq iq xfg clpm 92 rgp agex lc

xlxid rgpqleid qgjmgex hgrlqoxq$" qioh Qimop Nwmip @fixxiafipi$ Jgegpid ieijgp

&EPO/$ Qxixg @ien lc Oehoi &Q@O/% Oe lphgp xl gealwpijg xfgm$ xfg P@O fih hgpgjwdixgh

oexgpgqx pixgq le Ele-Pgqohgex &Gvxgpeid/ Pwrgg Hgrlqoxq ieh Lphoeip Ele-Pgqohgex

Iaalwexq &le Hgagm`gp 93$ 0299/ hwg xl zfoaf ìenq ipg i`dg xl lccgp almrgxoxosg

pixgq xl EPOq% Xfoq mlsg fiq cwpxfgp mihg Oehoi ie ixxpiaxosg oesgqxmgex hgqxoeixole

clp xfgm%

Cwpxfgp$ xfg Jlsgpemgex lc Oehoi fiq hgaohgh xl oecwqg Pq 3$222 aplpg &WQ( 9%97

òddole/ oe rw`doa qgaxlp ìenq hwpoej xfg pgmioeoej 0299-90 xl geqwpg xfix xfg gexoxogq

mggx pgjwdixlp pgywopgmgexq% Oe 0292-99$ xfg Jlsgpemgex fih rplsohgh Pq 02$97:

aplpg &WQ( 1%63 òddole/ iq oxq airoxid qwrrlpx xl rw`doa qgaxlp ìenq%

Oe lphgp xl rpgripg rw`doa qgaxlp ìenq clp egan-xl-egan almrgxoxole ifgih ieh

omrplsg xfgop rgpclpmieag oe cwxwpg$ xfg Moeoqxp lc Coeieag fiq qgx egz `geafmipnq

clp xfgm xl iafogsg% Xfg egz `geafmipnq$ xfix zlwdh aidawdixg xfgop cweaxoleid ieh

coeieaoid airiòdox xl ywidoc clp airoxid oecwqole$ gexiod xfpgg rgpclpmieag oehoaixlpq

- qisoejq ieh awppgex hgrlqox pixol$ gmrdlgg-`pieaf pixol ieh rplcox rgp gmrdlgg%

Iaalphoej xl Afiehi Nlaffip$ Mieijoej Hopgaxlp ieh Afogc Gvgawxosg Lccoagp$ OAOAO

@ien Oehoi*q ìenoej qgaxlp fiq xfg rlxgexoid xl `galmg i Pq 022 xpoddole &WQ( 1%61

xpoddole/ oehwqxp ` 0202 oc xfg alwexp*q galelm jplzq ix 6 rgp agex rgp ieewm lsgp

i dlej xgpm iq xfg jplzxf lc ie alwexp*q ìenoej qgaxlp hgrgehq le xfg jplzxf lc

xfix alwexp*q jplqq hlmgqxoa rplhwax &JHR/%

Ielxfgp pgrlpx ` Xfg @lqxle Aleqwdxoej Jplwr &@AJ/ Oehoi$ oe iqqlaoixole zoxf idgihoej oehwqxp lpjieoqixole ieh Oehoie @ienq Iqqlaoixoleq &O@I/ rpghoaxq xfix Oehoie

ìenoej qgaxlp zlwdh `galmg xfg zlpdh*q xfoph dipjgqx oe iqqgx qo{g ` 0207% Xfg

pgrlpx idql ieidqgq xfix mlòdg ìenoej zlwdh `galmg xfg qgaleh dipjgqx afieegd lc

ìenoej icxgp IXMq% Josge xfg rlqoxosg gal-qqxgm lc xfg oehwqxp$ pgjwdixlp ieh


31/63

Jlsgpemgex oeoxoixosgq$ mlòdg ìenoej oq iexoaorixgh xl gefieag cplm 2%9 rgp agex lc

xpieqiaxoleq oe i 87 rgp agex coeieaoid oeadwqole ìqg oe 0292 xl 18 rgp agex lc xfg

xpieqiaxoleq zoxf 62 rgp agex pwpid oeadwqole ìqg ` 0202$ iq rgp xfg pgrlpx%

ALEQWMGP MIPNGXQ

Aleqwmgp Mipngxq oe Oehoi

Iaalphoej xl Miew Ieieh$ AGL$ RgrqoAl Oehoi$ Oehoi*q aleqwmgp rpimoh oq qfiroej

oexl i hoimleh% Xfg Oehoie aleqwmgp mipngxq ipg miklpd hposge ` oeapgiqg oe

hoqrlqi`dg oealmgq$ iripx cplm lxfgp ciaxlpq dong afiejg oe hgmljpirfoaq$ gexp lcclpgoje rdigpq$ do`gpidoqixole$ Jlsgpemgex gcclpxq gx id% Iqoi*q xfoph dipjgqx galelm

awppgexd iaalwexq clp 0%: rgp agex lc xfg jdlìd aleqwmrxole%

Oehoie aleqwmgp mipngxq ipg gvrgpogeaoej i cdwpp lc oesgqxmgexq iq mlpg ieh mlpg

clpgoje miklpq ipg jgxxoej ixxpiaxgh xlziphq i qgx-wr zfoaf oq aleqohgpgh xl `g

galelmoaidd qicg ieh zoxf fwjg rlxgexoid% Xfg Oehoie aleqwmgp mipngxq- miklpd

almrpoqoej pgxiod$ ciqx mlsoej aleqwmgp jllhq &CMAJ/$ dwvwp `piehq ieh g-

almmgpag- fisg zoxegqqgh dlx lc hgsgdlrmgexq oe xfg pgagex riqx% Qlmg lc xfgm ipg

hoqawqqgh fgpgicxgp%

Oesgqxmgexq xfplwjf CHO$ M#I ieh RG oe Oehoi

Awmwdixosg CHO oecdlzq oe qoejdg-`pieh pgxiod xpihoej hwpoej Irpod 0222 xl Elsgm`gp

0299 qxllh ix WQ( 88%87 moddole$ iaalphoej xl xfg Hgripxmgex lc Oehwqxpoid Rldoa ieh

Rplmlxole &HORR/%


32/63

Pgxiod oe Oehoi

@wqoegqq Mleoxlp Oexgpeixoleid &@MO/ fiq pgagexd pgdgiqgh oxq Oehoi pgxiod pgrlpx clp

copqx ywipxgp lc 0290 zfoaf rplkgaxq xfix xlxid pgxiod qidgq zodd jplz cplm WQ( 800%2?òddole oe 0299 xl WQ( 607%83 òddole ` 0297% Gvrdlqole lc lpjieoqgh pgxiod oe i òj zi

oq leg lc xfg miklp ciaxlpq `gfoeh qwaf i rlqoxosg clpgaiqx% Agpxioe hgsgdlrmgexq oe

xfoq qriag ipg josge `gdlz;

Nimi Qafiafxgp$ xfg hoimleh kgzgddgp miewciaxwpgp ieh gvrlpxgp$ fiq rdieqxl sgexwpg oexl Oehoi*q pgxiod mipngx% Xfg almrie zlwdh oecwqg i airoxid lc Pq

72-:2 aplpg &WQ( 92%97-WQ( 98%01 moddole/ clp `wodhoej `pieh$ mipngxoej ieh clp

lrgeoej pgxiod qxlpg oe 0290% Xfg kgzgddgp rdieq xl lrge iplweh 02 qxlpgq oe

Oehoi$ qxipxoej zoxf Mwmìo ieh Hgdfo$ zoxfoe i qrie lc cosg gipq%

Iwafie$ xfg qgaleh dipjgqx Cpgeaf jplagp icxgp Aippgclwp$ oq fldhoej hoqawqqoleqzoxf xfg Diehmipn Jplwr xl clpi oexl Oehoie `wqoegqq qriag% Diehmipn Jplwr

awppgexd pweq xfg Hwxaf pgxiod afioe Qrip oe Oehoi%

G-xiodoej

Gmgpjgeag lc oexgpegx pgxiodoej &g-xiodoej/ ieh g-almmgpag iq i almrdgxgd egz

qriag oq hposoej xfg jplzxf lc ewm`gp lc ledoeg qflrrgpq% Iq i pgqwdx$ xfg oexgpegx

pgxiodoej almrieogq ipg jgxxoej ixxpiaxgh xlziphq Oehoie mipngxq zfoaf ipg rloqgh xl

jplz dgirq-ieh-`lwehq oe xfg gipq xl almg% Xfgpg ipg i`lwx 9: moddole ledoeg

qflrrgpq oe Oehoi ieh xfg ewm`gp oq rplkgaxgh xl jplz lsgp xfpgg xomgq oe xfg gipq xl

almg%

Qgixxdg-ìqgh zlpdh*q dipjgqx oexgpegx pgxiodgp Imi{le%alm fiq pgagexddiweafgh oxq zg`qoxg Kwejdgg%alm zoxf i sogz xl fipegqq `wpjgleoej ledoeg

qflrroej mipngx oe Oehoi zfoaf oq gvrgaxgh xl xpordg oe qo{g ` 0297%

Kwejdgg%alm fiq ripxegpgh zoxf qgsgpid Oehoie ledoeg ieh lccdoeg pgxiodgpq dong

FlmgQflr96$ Fohgqoje$ Hi`wp Wsghi$ xfg @lmì Qxlpg ieh lxfgpq% Ox fiq idql


33/63


34/63

Oehoi oq zoxegqqoej i piroh gsldsgmgex lc xfg docgqxdg dwvwp mipngx lzoej xl jplzoej

hoqrlqid oealmgq ieh aleqwmgp izipgegqq% Awppgexd$ xfg Oehoie flmgzipgq mipngx

&oeadwhoej cwpeoqfoej$ cwpeoxwpg ieh flmg hgalp/ oq sidwgh ix Pq 62$222 aplpg &WQ(

93%08 òddole/ jplzoej ix 92-90 rgp agex ieewidd%

Le xfg lxfgp fieh$ iaalphoej xl i pgagex qxwh ` oehwqxp `lh AOO ieh IX Ngipeg$

xfg hlmgqxoa dwvwp mipngx$ awppgexd sidwgh ix WQ( 7%6 òddole$ oq jplzoej ix 02 rgp

agex rgp ieewm ieh oq rplkgaxgh xl jplz xl WQ( 98%: òddole ` 0297%

Oxidoie dwvwp ciqfole `pieh Aieido fiq pgagosgh COR@*q elh xl qgx wr i 79;8? rgpagex kloex sgexwpg &KS/ zoxf Jgegqoq Dwvwp Ciqfole xl alehwax pgxiod

lrgpixoleq oe Oehoi% Xfg KS zlwdh oesgqx Pq :%37 aplpg &WQ( 9%73 moddole/ ieh

oexgehq xl lrge 92-97 qxlpgq ` 0297-93%

Oxidoie dwvwp `pieh Jolpjol Ipmieo oq oexgehoej xl `poej oxq fojf-geh flmgzipgieh cwpeoqfoejq pgxiod qxlpgq xl Oehoi ` 0291% Xfg fojf-geh `pieh*q jplwr oq oe

hoqawqqoleq zoxf rlxgexoid dlaid ripxegpq gsge iq xfgdlln clp pgxiod qriagq oe

Oehoi xl lrge Ipmieo Aiqi lwxdgxq oe xfg alwexp%

Oxidoie ciqfole `pieh Pl`gpxl Aisiddo fiq ripxegpgh zoxf Oecoeoxg Dwvwp xlgexgp Oehoie dwvwp `pieh qriag% Xfg iddoieag zlwdh idql `poej xfg hgqojegp*qAicg Aisiddo xl xfg alwexp% Aisiddo rdieq xl lrge oxq lwxdgx ix Hgdfo*q HDC

Gmrlpol Midd ` Mi 0290%


Xfg Oehoie Jlsgpemgex oq minoej idd xfg gcclpxq xl lrge wr Oehoie mipngxq xl xfg

zlpdh xfix zlwdh josg aleqwmgpq zohgp lrxoleq oe xgpmq lc rplhwaxq ieh qgpsoagq%

Pgagexd$ xfg Jlsgpemgex fiq josge oxq elh xl 02 CHO rplrlqidq%

Zfodg xfg aleagpegh Jlsgpemgex qgaxoleq ipg `wodhoej aleqgeqwq lsgp iddlzoej 79 rgp

agex CHO oe mwdxo-`pieh pgxiod$ 922 rgp agex CHO oe qoejdg-`pieh pgxiod fiq `gge josge i

jpgge qojeid%


35/63

I egz pgrlpx pgdgiqgh ` @lqxle Aleqwdxoej Jplwr &@AJ/ ieh Alecghgpixole lc Oehoie

Oehwqxp &AOO/ rplkgaxq xfix Oehoi*q pl`wqx galelmoa jplzxf ieh poqoej flwqgfldh

oealmgq zlwdh xing aleqwmgp qrgehoej xl i dgsgd lc WQ( 1%3 xpoddole ` 0202% Cllh$

flwqoej$ aleqwmgp hwpi`dgq$ xpieqrlpx ieh almmweoaixole ipg gvrgaxgh xl jipegp xfg

mlqx lc aleqwmgp qrgehoej% Xfg pgrlpx cwpxfgp qxixgh xfix Oehoi*q qfipg lc jdl`id

aleqwmrxole zlwdh gvrieh mlpg xfie xzl xomgq xl 7%6 rgp agex ` 0202%

Oeqwpieag

Oehoie Oeqwpieag Oehwqxpy;

Xfg Oehoie oeqwpieag oehwqxp oq fwjgd hposge ` fojfgp hoqrlqi`dg oealmgq$ afiejoej

hgmljpirfoaq$ Jlsgpemgex gcclpxq$ diweaf lc egz rplhwaxq$ dgqqgp almrdgvoxogq ieh

gexp lc clpgoje rdigpq% Xfg qgaxlp oq elx led lwxriaoej Oehoi*q galelmoa jplzxf

cojwpgq$ `wx oq idql qxiehoej qxplej iq ie omrlpxiex coeieaoid qgjmgex xfplwjf

xwp`wdgex xomgq%

Iq rgp oehwqxp gqxomixgq$ oeqwpieag rgegxpixole oe Oehoi qxllh ix 7%9 rgp agex oe

coqaid 0292-99% Zfodg docg oeqwpieag rgegxpixole ziq mipngh ix 8%8 rgp agex hwpoej xfg

gip$ jgegpid oeqwpieag qgaxlp rgegxpixgh xl ie gvxgex lc 2%: rgp agex oe 0292%

Iq lc elz$ oeqwpieag iaalwexq clp kwqx 1 rgp agex lc lsgpidd fgidxfaipg gvrgehoxwpg oe

Oehoi zfoaf omrdogq xfix xfgpg dogq i jpgix rlxgexoid xl gefieag xfg rgegxpixole lc

oeqwpieag iq i aleagrx% Xfg qalrg lc jplzxf oq cwpxfgp gefieagh ` pwpid Oehoi*q

hgsgdlrmgex iq i miklp alexpo`wxlp xl xfg galelm iq xfg adie pgqohoej oe

foexgpdiehq oq oeapgiqoejd jgxxoej izipg lc egz rplhwaxq ieh qgpsoagq iaplqq idd xfg

galelmoa ieh qlaoid qgjmgexq%

Xfg Pq 0%? xpoddole &WQ( 76%: `oddole/-Oehoie docg oeqwpieag oehwqxp fiq gmgpjgh iq xfg

mioeqxi lc gexopg oeqwpieag qriag% Zoxf lsgp 17 aplpg docg oeqwpieag rldoaogq oe clpag$


36/63

xfg oehwqxp fiq pgjoqxgpgh pgmipni`dg jplzxf qoeag oxq rposixoqixole oe 0222%

Xfg lsgpsogz cwpxfgp hoqawqqgq flz xfg qgaxlp fiq cipgh oe xgpmq lc jplzxf$

hgsgdlrmgexq ieh Jlsgpemgex ripxoaorixole oe xfg pgagex riqx%

Pgagex Qxixoqxoaq

Xfg 08 docg oeqwpieag rdigpq* rpgmowmq alddgaxgh oe Irpod-Hgagm`gp 0299 qxllh ix Pq

:9$ ?71%78 aplpg &WQ( 98%7? òddole/ zfodg xfg oehwqxp qldh i`lwx 0:%08 moddole

rldoaogq hwpoej xfg rgpolh$ iaalphoej xl hixi alddgaxgh ` xfg Oeqwpieag Pgjwdixlp

ieh Hgsgdlrmgex Iwxflpox &OPHI/%

Zoxf pgqrgax xl jgegpid oeqwpieag oehwqxp$ xfgpg ziq i jplzxf lc 08 rgp agex oe copqxxfpgg ywipxgpq lc 0299-90 oe jplqq zpoxxge rpgmowm alddgaxgh% Xfg jgegpid oeqwpieag

oehwqxp alddgaxgh rpgmowm lc Pq 80$201%1 aplpg &WQ( 6%79 òddole/ ` zpoxoej egz

rldoaogq hwpoej xfg rgpolh%

Zfodg rposixg oeqwpgpq pgjoqxgpgh i jplzxf lc 03%:1 rgp agex oe rpgmowm alddgaxole ix

Pq 9:$707%1 aplpg &WQ( 1%77 òddole/$ xfg clwp qxixg-lzegh jgegpid oeqwpieag

almrieogq alddgaxgh Pq 08$8?6%9 aplpg &WQ( 7 òddole/ &00%9 rgp agex fojfgp xfie xfg

alppgqrlehoej rgpolh i gip ijl/%

Fgidxf Oeqwpieag Oehwqxpy oe Oehoi

Iaalphoej xl i pgagex pgrlpx ` WN-ìqgh pgqgipaf copm @POAhixi$ Oehoie fgidxf

oeqwpieag mipngx zlwdh qaidg egz fgojfxq oe xgpmq lc jplzxf lzoej xl xfg alwexp*q

pl`wqx galelmoa jplzxf$ afiejoej hgmljpirfoa rixxgpeq$ gvrgaxgh oeapgiqg oe

clpgoje hopgax oesgqxmgex &CHO/ domoxq ieh xfg gvrieqole lc hoqxpo`wxole egxzlpnq% Xfg

Oehoie fgidxf oeqwpieag qgjmgex iaalwexgh clp 1%0 rgp agex lc xfg lsgpidd oeqwpieag

oehwqxp oe 0299 xfgpg` dgisoej i dlx lc qalrg clp cwpxfgp jplzxf ieh rgegxpixole%

Hwpoej xfg pgsogz rgpolh &022:-0299/$ xfg rgegxpixole lc Oehoie fgidxf oeqwpieag

rplhwaxq qxgrrgh wr cplm 2%2: rgp agex oe 022: xl 2%9? rgp agex oe 0299$ iq mie egz


37/63

rldoaogq zgpg qldh oe foexgpdiehq%

Xfg fgidxf oeqwpieag `wqoegqq aleqxoxwxgq mlpg xfie 07 rgp agex lc xfg jgegpid

oeqwpieag oehwqxp oe Oehoi% Fgidxf oeqwpieag rpgmowm alddgaxole hwpoej xfg Irpod-

Qgrxgm`gp rgpolh lc 0299-90 plqg 09%1 rgp agex xl Pq 3$:09%71 aplpg &WQ( 9%13 òddole/

cplm Pq 7$782%18 aplpg &WQ( 9%90 òddole/ oe xfg gip-ijl rgpolh%

Pgagex Hgsgdlrmgexq

Fgidxf oeqwpieag rldoaogq ipg le xfgop zi xl jgx *ijg-cpgg*% Xflwjf xfgrplrlqid oq qxodd ix i eiqagex qxijg$ OPHI fiq idpgih xinge i qxgr xlziphq xfoq

aleagrx ` minoej ox miehixlp clp rldoaogq xl fisg *docg dlej* pgegzid adiwqg%

Xfoq omrdogq xfix leag i fgidxf oeqwpieag rldoa oq oqqwgh$ ie oeqwpgp zlwdh `g

l`dojgh xl alexoewg pgegzoej qwaf i rldoa hwpoej xfg rldoafldhgp*q docgxomg%

Flzgsgp$ xfg gexp ijg ìppogp zlwdh alexoewg xl `g xfgpg

Qlmg jgegpid oeqwpieag almrieogq fisg idpgih qxipxgh irrdoej clp qwaf *ijg-cpgg* rldoaogq% Clp oeqxieag$ Irlddl Mweoaf Oeqwpieag irrdogh clp qwaf i rldoa i

cgz mlexfq ìan ieh oq izioxoej pgjwdixlp*q irrplsid

Aojei XXN Fgidxf$ i kloex sgexwpg &KS/ almrie `gxzgge WQ-ìqgh AojeiAlprlpixole ieh Oehoi*q XXN Jplwr$ oq oe xfg rplagqq lc irrdoej clp xfg P9doageag zoxf xfg pgjwdixlp OPHI ieh gvrgaxq xl almmgeag lrgpixoleq oe xfg

copqx ywipxgp lc 0291

Xfg KS copm$ `goej xfg egz gexpiex le xfg Oehoie fgidxf oeqwpieag `dlan$oexgehq xl `g oeelsixosg ieh fgeag rdieq xl qgx wr i hoqxpo`wxole egxzlpn

xfplwjf zfoaf qomrdg fgidxf oeqwpieag rplhwaxq alwdh `g qldh ` rfipmiaogq

xfgmqgdsgq

Qxixg-lzegh Docg Oeqwpieag Alprlpixole &DOA/ zlwdh `w 7 rgp agex qxing oeRweki` # Qoeh @ien% Xfg ìen*q rplrlqid xl oqqwg 99%0 moddole cpgqf qfipgq oq

izioxoej Qgawpoxogq ieh Gvafiejg @liph lc Oehoi &QG@O/*q hgaoqole pgjiphoej xfg

pixg ieh oq gsgexwidd qw`kgax xl irrplsid cplm xfg Jlsgpemgex lc Oehoi ieh

lxfgp pgjwdixlp gexoxogq


38/63

Xfg oecwqole lc ihhoxoleid airoxid iomq ix qxpgejxfgeoej ìen*q *Airoxid xl Poqn-

zgojfxgh Iqqgxq Pixol* &APIP/ ieh qwrrlpx oxq `wqoegqq jplzxf

FHCA Docg$ i rposixg docg oeqwpieag almrie ieh i KS `gxzgge Oehoi*q FlwqoejHgsgdlrmgex Coeieag Alprlpixole Dxh &FHCA/ ieh WN*q Qxiehiph Docg rda fiq

diweafgh oxq copqx oexgpeixoleid lrgpixoleq zoxf xfg lrgeoej lc oxq

pgrpgqgexixosg lccoag oe Hwìo% Xfg diweaf almgq iq i pgqwdx lc xfg almrie*q

qxpixgj xl qgpsg dipjg ele-pgqohgex Oehoie &EPO/ ìqg oe xfg Jwdc pgjole

Oe i òh xl gefieag lsgpidd awqxlmgp lccgpoej ieh pirohd gvrieh oxq mlxlpoeqwpieag `wqoegqq$ rposixg oeqwpgp Q@O Jgegpid fiq gexgpgh ie iddoieag zoxf M

XSQ ieh Oehoi Iqqoqxieag% Xfg xog-wr iomq xl rplsohg gmgpjgea plihqohg

iqqoqxieag xl oxq rldoa fldhgpq iexomg ieh clp ie aip iaplqq xfg alwexp


Xfg Moeoqxp lc Coeieag oq rdieeoej xl irrloex ie oehgrgehgex ihsoqlp ix xfg Oeqwpieag

Pgjwdixlp ieh Hgsgdlrmgex Iwxflpox &OPHI/$ zfl zlwdh hopgaxd pgrlpx xl xfg

Jlsgpemgex ieh iqqoqx xfg pgjwdixlp oe rldoa hgaoqoleq%

Idql$ xfg Jlsgpemgex mi qgx wr ihsoqlp jplwrq iaplqq qgjmgexq xl hoqawqq oqqwgq

pgdixoej xl jplzxf$ rplhwax hgsgdlrmgex$ oeqwpieag rgegxpixole ieh pgjwdixoleqrgpxioeoej xl xfg qgaxlp%

Cwpxfgp$ oeqwpieag pgjwdixlp OPHI mi qlle josg oxq elh clp minoej oeqwpieag rldoaogq

isiodi`dg oe hgmix clpm$ risoej zi clp g-oeqwpieag iaalwexq ieh g-rldoaogq% Cosg

gexoxogq - AIMQ$ Nips$ EQHD$ AHQD ieh QXAO fisg idpgih `gge qflpxdoqxgh xl qgx wr

ieh lrgpixg oeqwpieag pgrlqoxlpogq% Ie oeqwpieag pgrlqoxlp oq i almrie xfix

mioexioeq hixi le oeqwpieag rldoaogq gdgaxpleoaidd le `gfidc lc oeqwpgpq% Oc OPHI josg

oxq irrplsid$ Oehoi zlwdh rplì`d `g xfg copqx alwexp oe xfg zlpdh xl wehgpxing qwaf

i miqqosg iaxosox lc alesgpxoej rfqoaid oeqwpieag rldoa agpxocoaixgq oexl gdgaxpleoa

clpm%

Iaalphoej xl i pgrlpx ` @POAhixi$ xfg mipngx qo{g lc Oehoie docg oeqwpieag oehwqxp oq


39/63

iexoaorixgh xl xlwaf WQ( 999%? òddole oe 0297 cplm WQ( 33%7 òddole oe 0299$ mipnoej i

almrlwehgh ieewid jplzxf pixg &AIJP/ lc 98%9 rgp agex% Xfg pgrlpx gqxomixgq xfix

Oehoi zlwdh `g xfg xfoph-dipjgqx mipngx clp docg oeqwpieag oe xfg zlpdh ` 0297$ led

icxgp Afoei ieh Kirie% Ix rpgqgex$ Oehoi qxiehq 90xf imlej xfg xlr jdlìd mipngxq clp

docg oeqwpieag% Idql$ xfg ewm`gp lc rldoaogq qldh oq gvrgaxgh xl oeapgiqg xl 67%09

moddole oe 0297 cplm 71%01 moddole oe 0292% Zfodg oehosohwid docg oeqwpieag qgjmgex oq

gvrgaxgh xl iaalwex clp :?%1 rgp agex lc xfg docg oeqwpieag oehwqxp oe 0297 &cplm :8%6

rgp agex oe 0292/$ weox-doengh oeqwpieag rdieq &WDORq/ ipg gqxomixgh xl `g ciqxgqx

jplzoej rplhwax aixgjlp ix i AIJP lc 09%0 rgp agex hwpoej xfix gip%

Mghoi ieh GexgpxioemgexXfg Oehoie Mghoi # Gexgpxioemgex &M#G/ oehwqxp oq fojfd hposge ` qxplej

aleqwmrxole oe ele-mgxpl ieh qmidd aoxogq$ oexgeqg gmgpjgeag lc pgjoleid mghoi ieh

`wpjgleoej egz mghoi `wqoegqqgq ieh clpmixq%

Iaalphoej xl i pgrlpx kloexd rpgripgh ` NRMJ ieh ie oehwqxp `lh$ xfg oehwqxp

pgjoqxgpgh i jplzxf lc 90 rgp agex oe 0299 lsgp 0292% Zfodg xgdgsoqole &XS/ pgxioeq oxq

xlr qdlx iq ie gexgpxioemgex mghowm$ qgjmgexq dong ieomixole$ SCV$ hojoxid mghoi

ieh jimoej ipg wr-almoej iq miklp mghowmq% Mwdxordg mlsogq aplqqgh Pq 922 aplpg

&WQ( 02%28 moddole/-`wqoegqq oe hlmgqxoa xfgixpoaid alddgaxoleq ieh Pq 12 aplpg &WQ( 3

moddole/ mipn oe Ai`dg # Qixgddoxg &A#Q/ pojfxq%

Ihsgpxoqoej qrgehq iaplqq idd mghoi iaalwexgh clp 89 rgp agex lc xfg lsgpidd M#G

oehwqxp pgsgewgq$ ijjpgjixoej xl Pq 122 òddole &WQ( 3 òddole/ zfodg ihsgpxoqoej

pgsgewgq zoxegqqgh i jplzxf lc 91 rgp agex oe 0299%

Xgdgsoqole ieh Hojoxoqixole

Xgdgsoqole alexoewgq xl `g xfg mlqx rplmoegex gexgpxioemgex mghowm oe xfg Oehoie

M#G oehwqxp% Iq rgp xfg pgrlpx &` NRMJ ieh ielxfgp oehwqxp `lh/$ xgdgsoqole


40/63

zlwdh iaalwex clp idmlqx fidc lc xfg Oehoie M#G oehwqxp pgsgewg ieh zlwdh idql `g

lsgp xzoag xfg qo{g lc rpoex mghoi &xfg qgaleh dipjgqx mghoi qgaxlp/ ` 0297% Zfodg

xfg awppgex dgsgd lc rgegxpixole oq gqxomixgh ix iplweh 32 rgp agex$ xfgpg oq qxodd i dlx

lc pllm clp gvrieqole le Oehoie XS diehqairg% Xfg pgrlpx cwpxfgp gqxomixgq xfix ri-

XS qw`qaporxole pgsgewg zodd oeapgiqg cplm 37 rgp agex oe 0299 xl 3? rgp agex ` 0293%

Mlpglsgp$ XS iaalwexgh clp Pq 10? òddole &WQ( 3%3 òddole/ lc pgsgewgq oe lsgpidd M#G

oehwqxp oe 0299 ieh oq gqxomixgh xl jplz ix i AIJP lc 9: rgp agex lsgp 0299-93 xl

xlwaf Pq :17 òddole &WQ( 98%:1 òddole/ oe 0293%

Oehoie xgdgsoqole oehwqxp fiq wehgpjleg mie afiejgq lsgp xfg riqx hgaihg$ miklpd

hwg xl xfg oexplhwaxole lc hojoxoqgh mlhgq zfoaf oeadwhg hojoxid ai`dg$ hopgax xl flmg

&HXF/ ieh ORXS% Xfoq fiq elx led xpieqclpmgh xfg `wqoegqq mlhgdq clp xfg

qxingfldhgpq$ `wx fiq idql ciaodoxixgh mlpg afloagq ieh alesgeogeag xl aleqwmgpq% Ix

rpgqgex Oehoi*q HXF qw`qapo`gp ìqg oq xlxiddgh ix 87 moddole%

Oehoi*q xlr clwp mgxplq-Hgdfo$ Mwmìo$ Afgeeio ieh Nldnixi-zodd pgrdiag idd ieidlj

xgdgsoqole egxzlpnq zoxf hojoxid xpieqmoqqole cplm Kwd 9$ 0290%

Pihol

Xfg pihol oehwqxp oe Oehoi fiq iplweh 13 CM pihol lrgpixlpq ieh oq gqxomixgh ix Pq

9$022 aplpg &WQ( 082%83 moddole/%

Gmgpjgeag lc pgjoleid mghoi oe i òj zi fiq hposge xfg jplzxf lc Oehoie pihol

qgjmgex% Iaalphoej xl ie oehwqxp pgrlpx$ pihol oq gvrgaxgh xl hoqrdi i fgidxf

jplzxf pixg oe xfg gipq xl almg% Icxgp xfg ihsgex lc Rfiqg 1$ xfg oehwqxp zodd

gvrgpogeag ielxfgp jplzxf zisg icxgp xfg omrdgmgexixole lc izioxgh rldoaogq dong

alrpojfx clp pihol ieh xfg pldd lwx lc 8J%

Oexgpegx ieh Mlòdg Gexgpxioemgex

Oexgpegx fiq gmgpjgh iq leg lc xfg qxplejgqx gexgpxioemgex mghowmq lzoej xl


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oeapgiqoej oexgpegx rgegxpixole$ fojfgp izipgegqq ieh afiejoej hgmljpirfoaq oe xfg

alwexp% Elx led clp qgehoej miodq$ zixafoej sohglq ieh `wqoegqq pgdixgh

xpieqiaxoleq$ oexgpegx oq idql `goej wqgh clp oexgeqosg qflrroej ` xfg Oehoie `wgpq%

Gmgpjgeag lc oexgpegx pgxiodoej ieh g-almmgpag iq i almrdgxgd egz qriag oq hposoej

xfg jplzxf lc ewm`gp lc ledoeg qflrrgpq% Iq i pgqwdx$ xfg oexgpegx pgxiodoej almrieogq

ipg jgxxoej ixxpiaxgh xlziphq Oehoie mipngxq zfoaf ipg rloqgh xl jplz dgirq-ieh-

`lwehq oe xfg gipq xl almg% Xfgpg ipg i`lwx 9: moddole ledoeg qflrrgpq oe Oehoi ieh

xfg ewm`gp oq rplkgaxgh xl jplz lsgp xfpgg xomgq oe xfg gipq ifgih%

Iaalphoej xl i pgagex coehoej$ :0 rgp agex lc idd mlòdg oexgpegx wqgpq oe Oehoi wqg

xfgop agdd-rflegq iq xfgop *gvadwqosg lp rpomip* oeqxpwmgex xl iaagqq xfg zg`% Xfg

mlòdg rfleg almgq fieh iq almripgh xl lxfgp mghoi ieh fgeag gmgpjgh iq xfg

mlqx rpgcgppgh mghowm clp sipogx lc iaxosoxogq% Xfgqg oeadwhgh gexgpxioemgex &89

rgp agex le mlòdg almripgh xl 03 rgp agex le xgdgsoqole/$ oeclpmixole iaagqq &76 rgp

agex le mlòdg almripgh xl 02 rgp agex le xgdgsoqole/$ almmweoaixole &:0 rgp agex

le mlòdg almripgh xl 93 rgp agex le hgqnxlr ieh dirxlrq/ ieh qflrroej lp qgipafoej

clp rplhwaxq ledoeg &0: rgp agex le mlòdg almripgh xl 9? rgp agex le hgqnxlr ieh

dirxlrq/%

Xfwq$ *oexgpegx le xfg jl* oq xfg egz miexpi clp xlhi*q lwxf ieh xfg almrieogq fisg

adgipd wehgpqxllh xfoq iq zgdd ieh ipg minoej gcclpxq xl aixgp xl xfoq hgmieh%

Egzqrirgp

Poqoej doxgpia dgsgdq ieh dlz rpoex mghoi rgegxpixole lccgp qojeocoaiex rlxgexoid clp

jplzxf oe Oehoie egzqrirgp oehwqxp% Jplzoej pgjoleid mipngxq ipg hposoej xfg riag

lc rpoex mghoi xfix pgjoqxgpgh i jplzxf lc 92 rgp agex oe 0292 ieh oq gvrgaxgh xlclddlz xfg qomodip riag xodd 0297%

Oesgqxmgexq

Zoxf ie oexgeqole xl gvrieh oxq pgiaf oe Qlwxf Giqx Iqoi$ Ledoeg mghoi egxzlpn


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almrie Nlmdo Mghoi fiq `lwjfx Qoejirlpg-`iqgh ledoeg ihsgpxoqoej egxzlpn$ Ihmiv$

oe i aiqf-ieh-gywox hgid% Zoxf ie iom xl mipn WQ( 922 moddole oe pgsgewg ` 0291-98$

Nlmdo zodd gefieag oxq zlpnclpag ieh zodd idql pg`pieh Ihmiv%

Xfg WQ( 93 `oddole - mghoi joiex @gpxgdqmiee fiq pgagexd qgx wr oxq alprlpixg agexgp

oe Hgdfo oe Oehoi% Xfg almrie oq idpgih rpgqgex oe Oehoi xfplwjf oxq `llnq rw`doqfoej$

`plihaiqxoej ieh `wqoegqq rplagqq lwxqlwpaoej &@RL/ qgpsoagq hosoqoleq ieh oq elz

ggoej egz `wqoegqq ieh oesgqxmgex lrrlpxweoxogq oe xfg ieh hojoxid mghoi qriag%


Cwpxfgp oexgjpixoej xfg `piehq *Aoegmiq lc Oehoi* ieh *Oeapgho`dg Oehoi*$ xfg Moeoqxp

lc Oeclpmixole ieh @plihaiqxoej &MO@/ ieh Moeoqxp lc Xlwpoqm fisg qojegh i

mgmlpiehwm lc wehgpqxiehoej &MlW/ xl cwpxfgp gefieag codm xlwpoqm% Xfg MlW$

zfoaf iomq xl gehlpqg Oehoi iq i codmoej hgqxoeixole clp hlmgqxoa ieh clpgoje codm

mingpq$ zodd ciaodoxixg `whjgxip qwrrlpx clp ohgexocogh codm cgqxosidq ieh rplsohg i

qoejdg zoehlz adgipieag clp codm qfllxoej rgpmoqqoleq% Gsgexwidd$ ox oq gvrgaxgh xfix

zlpdh xlwpoqx ipposidq oe Oehoi zlwdh poqg cplm 2%23 rgp agex xl 9 rgp agex ` xfg geh

lc xfg 90xf Cosg-_gip Rdie &0290-9:/%

I jlsgpemgex almmoxxgg fiq rplrlqgh xfix CM pihol cpgywgeaogq qflwdh `g iwaxolegh

` xfg hgripxmgex lc xgdgalmmweoaixoleq &HlX/ icxgp `goej qgripixgh cplm xfg

`plihaiqx doageag ` xfg MO@% Xfg pgalmmgehixole iomq ix iaagdgpixoej xfg xfoph

rfiqg lc gvrieqole oe xfg CM pihol oehwqxp ` `poejoej i`lwx jpgixgp adipox oe xfg

pldgq ieh iqqgxq lc xfg xzl moeoqxpogq%

Xfg jlsgpemgex fih josge oxq elh oe Kwd 0299 clp g-iwaxoleoej 61? egz rposixg pihol

qxixoleq wehgp xfg xfoph rfiqg lc gvrieqole lc CM pihol% MO@ fiq pgsgidgh xfix idd xfgdoageagq zlwdh `g iziphgh ` 0297 ieh xfg iwaxole oq iexoaorixgh xl gipe pgsgewgq lc

i`lwx Pq 9$:11 aplpg &WQ( 18:%03 moddole/ clp xfg jlsgpemgex%

Xfg pgagex NRMJ pgrlpx iexoaorixgq xfg mipngx qo{g lc Oehoie M#G qgaxlp xl xlwaf Pq


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9$87: òddole &WQ( 0?%0 òddole/ ` 0293% Xfgpg oq oeapgiqgh rgegxpixole oe Oehoie

mipngxq$ zfoaf oq gvrgaxgh xl gsge oexgeqoc cwpxfgp$ lzoej xl i pgsldwxole `plwjfx oe

` hojoxid xgafeldlj% Zopgdgqq `plihìeh$ jplzoej oexgpegx wqijg$ ai`dg hojoxoqixole

ieh fojfgp HXF ihlrxole zlwdh hposg Oehoie M#G oehwqxp% Xfg pgrlpx idql elxgh xfix

qmipx rflegq$ xi`dgxq$ jimoej hgsoagq fisg dioh xfg clwehixole lc i egz zisg oe xfg

oehwqxp%

RfipmiagwxoaidqXfg Oehoie rfipmiagwxoaid mipngx oq gvrgaxgh xl xlwaf WQ( :8 òddole qidgq ` 0202

cplm WQ( 99 òddole elz$ iaalphoej xl i RpoagzixgpflwqgAllrgpq &RzA/ pgrlpx% Oehoi*qrfipmiagwxoaid mipngx jpgz ix 97%: rgp agex hwpoej Hgagm`gp 0299$ zoxf jplzxf oe

ng xfgpir ipgiq$ oeadwhoej iexo-hoi`gxoaq$ hgpmi ieh soximoeq lwxrgpclpmgh xfg

mipngx$ iaalphoej xl hixi almrodgh ` mipngx pgqgipaf copm Idd Oehoi Lpjieoqixole lc

Afgmoqxq ieh Hpwjjoqxq &IOLAH/%

Oehoi fiq gsgp afieag xl airoxidoqg xfg lrrlpxweox xl `galmg i rfipmiagwxoaid

Qwrgprlzgp oe 0202 ieh i fw` clp idd rfipmiagwxoaid miewciaxwpoej # pgqgipaf

egghq$ iaalphoej xl Qw`lhf Rpoldnip$ Rpgqohgex$ 31ph ORA$ ieh pgjoleid Mieijoej

Hopgaxlp$ Aldlpale Iqoi%

Qgaxlp Qxpwaxwpg, Mipngx Qo{g

Coxaf Pixoejq* lwxdlln le xfg Oehoie rfipmiagwxoaid qgaxlp clp 0290 lp xfg coeieaoid

gip xl geh-Mipaf 0291 &C_91/ oq qxi`dg% Xfg ijgea gvrgaxq apghox rplcodgq xl pgmioe

qxi`dg$ qflwdh dlej-xgpm gipeoejq ieh rplcoxiòdox rplqrgaxq pgmioe oexiax zoxf

mlhgpixg airgv%

"Ijjpgjixg hoqadlqgh sidwg lc mgpjgp # iaywoqoxoleq &M#I/ hgidq oe xfg

rfipmiagwxoaidq qgaxlp qwpjgh cplm i mgijpg WQ( 9%0 òddole oe C_92 xl WQ( 8 òddole

oe C_99$ pgcdgaxoej i kwmr lc mlpg xfie 012 rgp agex$" iq rgp ie Gpeqx # _lwej &G#_/


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pgrlpx% M#I fiq gmgpjgh iq leg lc xfg ng qxpixgjogq oe xfg diqx xzl xl xfpgg gipq xl

jioe i cllxfldh oe gmgpjoej mipngxq zoxf qgsgpid òj xoangx iaywoqoxoleq$ xfg pgrlpx

ihhgh%

Hlmgqxoa rfipmiagwxoaid pgxiod mipngx adlangh i pl`wqx 97 rgp agex jplzxf hwpoej

0299$ mioed hposge ` xfgpirogq dong iexo-hoi`gxoa$ soximoe$ iexo-oecgaxosgq ieh

hgpmixldlj% Xfg hlmgqxoa rfipmiagwxoaid pgxiod pgiafgh i egz modgqxleg `

pgalphoej lsgpidd qidgq lc Pq 32$222 aplpg &WQ( 90%02 òddole/ clp xfg gip 0299%

Gvrlpxq

Xfg Moeoqxp lc Almmgpag fiq rplrlqgh ie imòxolwq Qxpixgj Rdie xl hlw`dg

rfipmiagwxoaid gvrlpxq cplm WQ( 92%8 òddole oe 022?-92 xl WQ( 07 òddole ` 0291-98%

Xfg Jlsgpemgex fiq idql rdieegh i *Rfipmi Oehoi* `pieh rplmlxole iaxole rdie

qrieeoej lsgp i xfpgg-gip rgpolh xl josg ie omrgxwq xl jgegpoa gvrlpxq%

Oehoi fiq zlpdh pgelzegh airiaox oe rplhwaoej dlz alqx$ fojf ywidox `wdn ieh

jgegpoa hpwjq% Qwrrd lc qwaf hpwjq ieh oesgqxmgex oe rplhwaoej rfipmiagwxoaid

rplhwaxq oe @gdipwq xfplwjf kloex sgexwpg &KS/ ` Oehoie almrieogq zodd rplsohg zoe-

zoe qoxwixole clp `lxf alwexpogq% Rpgqgexd WQ( :22 moddole oq xfg qo{g lc rfipmi

mipngx oe @gdipwq ieh i`lwx :2 rgp agex lc xfg xlxid pgywopgmgex lc @gdipwq oq

omrlpxgh%

Jplzxf

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zlpxf WQ( 7%21 òddole `gxzgge Irpod 0222 ieh Elsgm`gp 0299$ iaalphoej xl xfg dixgqx

hixi rw`doqfgh ` Hgripxmgex lc Oehwqxpoid Rldoa ieh Rplmlxole &HORR/%

Xfg Oehoie rfipmiagwxoaid mipngx oq rloqgh xl jplz xl WQ( 77 òddole ` 0202 cplm xfg

022? dgsgdq lc WQ( 90%3 òddole$ iq rgp i MaNoeqg # Almrie pgrlpx xoxdgh "Oehoi

Rfipmi 0202; Rplrgddoej iaagqq ieh iaagrxieag pgidoqoej xpwg rlxgexoid"% Xfg oehwqxp

cwpxfgp fldhq rlxgexoid xl pgiaf WQ( :2 òddole$ ix i almrlweh ieewid jplzxf pixg


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&AIJP/ lc 9: rgp agex%

Oehoi*q rfipmiagwxoaid qgaxlp oq jioeoej i jdlìd dgihgpqfor rlqoxole ieh Oehoie

jgegpoaq xlhi aleqxoxwxg egipd i cocxf lc jdlìd qwrrdogq% Lwp rfipmiagwxoaid

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egghgh oe i alwexp lc Kirie*q hgmljpirfoa rplcodg% Oehoi idql fiq i siqx rlld lc

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clp kloex alddi`lpixosg pgqgipaf clp egz hpwj hoqalsgpogq idlej zoxf kloex oexgddgaxwid

rplrgpx pojfxq &ORPq/%

Jgegpoaq

Jgegpoaq zodd alexoewg xl hlmoeixg xfg mipngx zfodg rixgex-rplxgaxgh rplhwaxq ipg

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Rfipmi 0297 - Wedlanoej xfg rlxgexoid lc Oehoie Rfipmiagwxoaidq mipngx*%

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mgmlpiehwm lc wehgpqxiehoej &MlW/ zoxf Nwxdl-Eoxx$ i Eoojixi-ìqgh aleqlpxowm lc

99 Kiriegqg weosgpqoxogq ieh xzl xgafeldlj doageqoej lpjieoqixoleq% Xfg ripxegpqfor

oq gvrgaxgh xl `poej omrlpxiex ho

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