BRAZILA UNIQUE LATIN AMERICAN HISTORY

The Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494 &

The Pope’s Line of Demarcation

The Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494 &

The Pope’s Line of Demarcation

RATIO OF WOMEN:MEN IN COLONIES

Emigrated in family groups.

Brazil becomes a mixture of Portuguese, Indio and African people and cultures

PURITAN NEW ENGLAND

1.5:1

COLONIAL BRAZIL 10:1

Slaves Working in a Brazilian Sugar MillSlaves Working in a Brazilian Sugar Mill

Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

Recently uncovered former slave market in Rio de Janeiro

Settlements of runaway slaves and others – as many as 2,000 throughout Brazil

Palmares “Republic” – lasted almost 70 years, resisted conquest under Zumbi

QUILOMBOS

SUGAR DECLINES; NEW ECONOMY BASED ON COFFEE GROWING

1. Brazil Freed from Portugal

The Portuguese royal family escaped Napoleon by fleeing to Brazil.

Pedro I set up a new, independent kingdom in 1821 when his father returned to Portugal.

Pedro II assumed full power after Pedro I abdicated his throne.

Slaves liberated 1888 – Brazil is the last major country to do so

Emperor overthrown! Republic proclaimed! 1889 – Run by Progressive military officers

With Coffee economy, Brazil’s center shifts from tropical Northeast to temperate South – around Rio and Sao Paolo

GOVERNMENT WANTS BRAZIL TO CATCH UP!

European immigrants eagerly sought for work force, particularly in South.

IMMIGRATION

IMMIGRATION

European-style cities like Rio and Sao Paolo grow

1930s & ‘40s – expanding federal power – national companies established

1950s and ‘60s – New industries established under a democratic government

1960 capital is moved to Brasilia, a newly-built city in the interior

1964-1987 – military dictatorship

Twentieth Century - Development

Agricultural research institute

FARMING THE SAVANNAS

RANCHING THE RAIN FOREST

Vast poverty in Northeast Landless movement Workers’ Party

SOCIAL JUSTICE

FAVELAS

LANDLESS MOVEMENT – connection to old quilombos

SOCIAL JUSTICE Workers’ Party – leftist

party started in late 1970s – leads opposition to military dictatorship

Luis Lula DaSilva – charismatic – elected president 2004; reformer

Leads Brazil to international respect

H

BRIC Countries – Large, high-growth economies