PRESENTED BYS.SHARMILA

III B.SC COMPUTER SCIENCE

INTRODUCTION DEFINITIONHISTORYTYPES OF BRAIN GATEAPPLICATIONWORKING PRINCIPLEADVANTAGEDISADVANTAGE FUTURE ENHANCMENTCONCLUSION

Since coming of new technologies, computers are becoming more intelligent than they  were in the past.

 Man and machineinterface has been one of  the  growing  fields  of  research and  development in the recent years.

 Most of the effort has been dedicated to the design of user friendly or ergonomic systems bymeans of innovative interfaces such as voice recognition, virtual reality.

Brain Gate is a brain implant system, currently under development and in clinical trials, designed to help those who have lost control of their limbs, or other bodily functions, such as patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) or spinal cord injury.

The sensor, which is implanted into the brain, monitors brain activity in the patient and converts the intention of the user into computer commands

1. Research on BCIs has been going on for more than 30 years, but from the mid-1990sthere has been a dramatic increase in working experimental implants.

2 .Brain gate was developed by the bio-tech company Cyber kinetics in 2003 in conjunction with the Department of Neuroscience at Brown University.

ONE WAY BRAIN GATE: Computers either accept

commands from the brain or send signals to it.

TWO WAY BRAIN GATE: Allow brains and external

devices to exchange information in both directions.

o In classification of EEG signal.o In multimedia communication.o In evaluation of spike detection algorithms.o Actuated control of mobile robot by human EEG.o As a brain controlled switch for asynchronous

control.o In evaluating the machine learning algorithms.o Difficulty in adaptation and learning.

Emphasis should be on improving the information transform rate. 

A small chip, the 2mm x 2mm Brain Gate, is surgically implanted on to the surface of the brain. Extending down into the cortex are hundred thin platinum tipped electrodes – each a mille meter long and only 90 microns at the base.

After implantation, the computer system needs to “learn” what the brain-generated electrical impulses mean. The predetermined movements in the mind: move arm left, lift hand, rotate wrist, generated a unique signal that could be recorded.

After that, patient is hooked to a joystick via a computer. The computer registers his now remembered thought patterns and moved the joystick accordingly – without any physical intervention whatsoever

 Turn on or off the lights on your room 

Check and read E-mails Play games in computer Use your PC Watch and control your

Television Control a robotic arm

The switches must be frequently adjusted which is a time consuming process. As the device is perfected this will not be an issue. 

The Brain Gate  System has not been approved by the FDA, but has been approved for IDE status (approved for pre-market clinical trials).

Difficulty in adaptation and learning.Limitation in information transform

rate. The latest technology is 20 bits/min.

Future BrainGate system products may controldevices that allow breathing, bladder and bowelmovements. Development of second generation patient interface

software that will enable users to performwide varietyof daily activities without the assistance of the technician.

Development of a BrainGate system which has  wireless interface between the implanted server and

the computer

• Humans and machines are a part of intelligence. We could say that the BrainGate cant work without a human brain and the human brain (for someone who is paralysed) cant function without the BrainGate system.

• BrainGate system is a system where a person can work with a computer just by thoughts.

• BrainGate has proved to be a boon for • paralyzed people.