Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

Book Reviews Due Today!

They will be collected at the end of class ONLY.

Please take a seat and quietly listen to the lecture, or wait outside.

Do not disturb or be disrespectful to other students in the class.

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

Unit 7 Quiz

Must be completed by midnight Friday.

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

Unit 8: Ideology and Worldview

Lecture 1

Ideology and Practice: The Archaeology of Habitus

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

Humans face common problems that require rationalization:

Individual Needs:To explain how

world worksFor sense of control

in face of crisisTo cope with death

and fate of human psyche

Societal Needs:To create consensus

about right and wrong

To validate transitions in personal and communal life

To legitimize social institutions

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

structures of the mind culturally-constructed; shared and learned in

social contextsinfluences how we perceive and act in the

material world of our experience

Ideology: broad set of rationalizations for common human problems and experiences.

Religion: ideology that deals with understanding the relationship between humans and the supernatural.

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

Pierre Bourdieu (1977) A Theory of Practice

Habitus: our internalized, embodied view of how the world works and how things should be done.

Constituted in practice; in how we go about our daily lives; in how we experience the world.

Manifested materially Continually reproduced or transformed

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

Archaeological Case Study: James Deetz (1977)

In Small Things Forgotten

Argument: between 1607 and 1760 English colonists experienced major transformation in how they conceived, ordered and lived in the world. This change left distinct imprint on their material surroundings.

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

Example: Domestic Architecture

“People are conceived, are born, and die in houses…The form of a house

can be a strong reflection of the needs and the minds of those who built it; in addition, it shapes and directs their

behavior.” (Deetz 1977)

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

The Anglo-American Worldview Medieval Mindset

17th-early 18th c.Group oriented,

corporate, organic, vernacular

Early 17th. Century “longhouses” from Plymouth Colony in NE

Reconstructed “Earthfast” houses at Jamestown, VA

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

“A Gothic building evolved…It was not planned…it just grew.” (Hugh Morrison)

Typical English “Hall and Parlor” Plan

Fairbanks House, Dedham, MA. Built 1637. Typical Hall and Parlor Plan, showing organic growth through time

Bacon’s Castle, VA. Built 1665. “Jacobean-style” w/ Flemish gables and more vernacular, organic, cross-shaped plan.

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

The Anglo-American Worldview Georgian Order

Mid 18th c.Focus on individual,

formal, orderly, more academic, popular

Shirley Plantation, VA. Built ca. 1738

Typical Georgian house plan w/ central hall and more specialized use of space.

Judith dug here!

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

Georgian architecture is orderly, Georgian architecture is orderly, planned, and based on popular, academic planned, and based on popular, academic principles of designprinciples of design

5 3 4 3 5

55

3

4 4

Classic 3-4-5 proportions of Shirley Plantation mansion and flanking dependencies.

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

The Georgian worldview emphasizes The Georgian worldview emphasizes form over functionform over function

Balance and Order

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

The Georgian worldview places more The Georgian worldview places more emphasis on the individualemphasis on the individual

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

Transformation of Medieval Wordview Transformation of Medieval Wordview to Georgian Worldviewto Georgian Worldview

Result of economic expansion of mercantile capitalism in Anglo-America

Rise of literate, secular, middle classArtificial means to impose balance and

order on increasingly uncertain social and material world

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

Building on Deetz’ Model

Mark Leone (1980s) Historic Anapolis, MDCritiqued Deetz for not taking into account

issues of POWER AND AGENCYInternal contradictions: Rich/Poor;

Free/Slave; British/AmericanThreats to economic and political stability

of new American middle class

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

William Paca’s Garden, Anapolis Ostentatious displays of Power and Wealth Symmetry and Order demonstrate control over

nature

Reconstructed plan of garden of 18th. century land owner, William Paca, in Annapolis, MD

Georgian style formal garden in VA

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

Ordering Nature = Naturalizing OrderOrdering Nature = Naturalizing Order

Discursive acts designed to stabilize and assert individual prosperity and power--not just a material reflection of it.

Mark Leone and his colleagues were concerned to show how Paca’s power “was placed in law and nature…in practicing law and gardening.”

Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005

How we will collect the Book Reviews….

The TAs will place signs on the front of the stage w/ the title of each book.

Exit your row to the right, walk down the side aisle to the front, forming a single line.

Place your paper in the proper pile.Exit up the left-hand aisle.