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Bogie Parts & Description
Introduction
The bogie, or truck as it is called in the US, comes in many
shapes and sizes but it is in its most developed form as the motor
bogie of an
electric or diesel locomotive or an EMU. Here it has to carry
the motors, brakes and suspension systems all within a tight
envelope. It is
subjected to severe stresses and shocks and may have to run at
over 300 km/h in a high speed application. The following
paragraphs
describe the parts shown on the photograph below, which is of a
modern UK design. Click on the name in the picture to read the
description.
Bogie Frame
Can be of steel plate or cast steel. In this case, it is a
modern design of welded steel box format where the structure is
formed into
hollow sections of the required shape.
Bogie Transom
Transverse structural member of bogie frame (usually two off)
which also supports the carbody guidance parts and the traction
motors.
Brake Cylinder
An air brake cylinder is provided for each wheel. A cylinder can
operate tread or disc brakes. Some designs incorporate parking
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brakes as well. Some bogies have two brake cylinders per
wheel for heavy duty braking requirements. Each wheel is provided
with a
brake disc on each side and a brake pad actuated by the
brake cylinder. A pair of pads is hung from the bogie frame and
activated by
links attached to the piston in the brake cylinder. When air is
admitted into the brake cylinder, the internal piston moves these
links and
causes the brake pads to press against the discs. A brake hanger
support bracket carries the brake hangers, from which the pads
are
hung.
Primary Suspension Coil
A steel coil spring, two of which are fitted to each axlebox in
this design. They carry the weight of the bogie frame and anything
attached
to it.
Motor Suspension Tube
Many motors are suspended between the transverse member of the
bogie frame called the transom and the axle. This motor is
called
"nose suspended" because it is hung between the suspension tube
and a single mounting on the bogie transom called the nose.
Gearbox
This contains the pinion and gearwheel which connects the drive
from the armature to the axle.
Lifting Lug
Allows the bogie to be lifted by a crane without the need to tie
chains or ropes around the frame.
Motor
Normally, each axle has its own motor. It drives the axle
through the gearbox. Some designs, particularly on tramcars, use a
motor to
drive two axles
Neutral Section Switch Detector
In the UK, the overhead line is divided into sections with short
neutral sections separating them. It is necessary to switch off the
current
on the train while the neutral section is crossed. A magnetic
device mounted on the track marks the start and finish of the
neutralsection. The device is detected by a box mounted on the
leading bogie of the train to inform the equipment when to switch
off and on.
Secondary Suspension Air Bag
Rubber air suspension bags are provided as the secondary
suspension system for most modern trains. The air is supplied from
the train's
compressed air system.
Wheel S lide Protection System Lead to Axlebox
Where a Wheel Slide Protection (WSP) system is fitted, axleboxes
are fitted with speed sensors. These are connected by means of
a
cable attached to the WSP box cover on the axle end.
Loose Leads for Connection to Carbody
The motor circuits are connected to the traction equipment in
the car or locomotive by flexible leads shown here.
Shock Absorber
To reduce the effects of vibration occurring as a result of the
wheel/rail interface.
Axlebox Cover
Simple protection for the return current brush, if fitted, and
the axle bearing lubrication.
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