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Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
1
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS
A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS
bmYmÀYyhpw
2 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
Tirunabi(sa) yude Anugraheethamathrukayum Kaartoonukalude YadarthyavumMalayalam Translation of : Uswae Rasool aur Khakon ki Haqeeqat(Urdu Book)
Translated by: Moualvi H.Shamsuddin Kavassery
Published by: Nazarat Nashr-o-Isha'atSadr Anjuman AhmadiyyaQadian, Punjab, 143516, INDIA
First Edition: 2015 June
Printed at: Fazl-e-Umar Printing Press, Qadian
ISBN:
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
3
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS
A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
Im¿´qWpIfpsS
bmYm¿Yyhpw
lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv kmln_v(A-ø-Z-lp√mlv)
Camw PamAØv AlvaZnøm, Jeo^Øp¬ akolv A¬Jmankv
hnh¿Ø\w:
F®v.iwkp±o≥ Imht»cn
]km-[-I¿:
\kmdØv \ivtdm CimAØv, JmZnbm≥
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
5
BZnImew apX¬ Xs∂ kXyhpw Ifhpw ]Imihpw A‘Imchpw
XΩn¬ bp≤w \S∂p t]mcp∂p. F∂m¬ ssZhnI \nbXnb\pkcn®v hnPbw
Ft∏mgpw kXyØn\pw ]ImiØn\pap≈XmWv. Al¶mcw ImcWw Nne
bmfpIƒ hneIpd™ ]ªnkn‰n°pth≠n A√mlphns‚ ]hmNI∑m¿
s°Xncn¬ \n¬°p∂Xv ]Xnhm°nbn´p≠v. ]t£ Ahkm\w Ah¿ ]cm
PnXcpw ]cn£oWnXcpw \jvSs∏´hcpambnØocp∂p. Ckveman\pw a\pjy
IpeØns‚ A`nam\amb kønZp\m lZvdØv aplΩZv apkvX^m(k) s‚
A¥Ênepw ]e BfpIfpw tamiamb \ne]mSv kzoIcn°pIbpw ssZh\n
bXnb\pkcn®v ]cmPbØns‚ apJw Z¿in°pIbpap≠mbn. h¿Øam\
bpKØn¬ BhnjvImc, am[ya kzmX¥yØns‚ t]cn¬ Nne¿ Ckveman\pw
Xncp\_n(k) \psaXncn¬ XßfpsS shdp∏v ]ISn∏n°m\pw apkvenw
temIØns∂Xncn¬ shdp∏v ]cØm\pw \nc¿YIamb kvsI®pIfpw Im¿´q
WpIfpw hnhn[ ]pkvXIßfnepw ]Xßfnepw ]kn≤oIcn°p∂p. AtX
ØpS¿∂v ]e apkvenw kwLS\Ifpw CkvemanI cmPyßfpw i‡ambn
]XnIcn°pIbpw Xosh°pIbpw \mi\jvS߃ hcpØpIbpap≠mbn.
AlvaZnøm PamAØv ÿm]n®Xns‚ henb Dt±iyw, A√mlphns‚ A\p
KlØm¬ kXym[njvTnXamb A≤ym]\߃ ]Ncn∏n°pIbmWv. AXp
sIm≠v CØcw kµ¿`ßfn¬ AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ ]XnIcWw Xo
sh°pIbpw \mi\jvS߃ hcpØpIbpw sNøp∂Xn\p ]Icw Bt£]
IcpsS Btcm]W߃°v Xr]vXnIcamb adp]Sn sImSp°pIbpw Aß
s\ Ckvemans‚ bYm¿Yhpw kXyk‘hpamb ktµiw P\߃°v FØn
°m≥ ian°pIbpamWv. AXpsIm≠v Xs∂ AlvaZnøm apkvenw PamA
Øns‚ Camw lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv kmln_v Jeo^Øp¬ akolv
A¬Jmankv (AøZlp√mlp XBem _n\kvcnln¬ Akokv) e≠\nse
_bvØp¬ ^pØqlv akvPnZn¬ 2006 s^_phcn 10,17,24, am¿®v 3.10
XnøXnIfn¬ sNbvX PpapB ]`mjWØn¬ Cu h¿Øam\ Imekw`
hßsf°pdn®v hniZambn N¿® sNbvXn´p≠v. CØcw Ahkcßfn¬
Hcp bYm¿Y hnizmkn Fßs\ ]XnIcn°Wsa∂pw A`napJoIcn°W
sa∂pw Cu ]`mjWßfn¬ \n∂v a\ÊnemIp∂XmWv.
BapJw
kplrØp°ƒ Cu KÙw kzbw hmbn°p∂tXmsSm∏w XßfpsS ]cnNb
°m¿°v hmbn°m≥ sImSp°pIbpw sNtø≠XmWv, Aßs\ Ah¿°v
Ckvemans‚ kpµc A≤ym]\ßsf°pdn®v Adnhv e`n°p∂XmWv. Cu
]`mjW߃ hnhn[`mjIfnepw C≥im A√mlv ]kn≤oIcn°p∂XmWv.
hn\oX≥
ap\odp±o≥ iwkv
Pq¨ 2006 AUo. h°oepØkv\o^v
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
9
JpXv_ PpapA 10.02.2006
akvPnZv _bvØp¬ ^pXqlv, e≠≥, bp.sI.
• Xncp\_n(k)bpsS kvt\lØnt‚bpw ImcpWyØnt‚bpw
DØa amXrI temIØn\p ap∂n¬ ka¿∏n°pI,
F√m cmPyØpw Xncp\_n NcnXØns‚ `mK߃
t]m÷zeam°pIbpw I¿akwkvIcWw hcpØpIbpw thWw.
• U∑m¿°n¬ hfsc XcwXmWXpw A]lmkyhpw
apkvenwIfpsS hnImc߃ hWs∏SpØp∂Xpamb Im¿´q¨
]kn≤oIcn®Xn¬ i‡amb ]Xntj[hpw AXns\Xnsc
CkvemanI hrØØn¬ \n∂psIm≠p≈ AlvaZnøm
PamAØns‚ ]XnIcWhpw AXns‚ Bimhlamb
]`mhhpw.
• CØcw ZpjvNn¥mKXn°mcpsS a\Ênse Agp°pw
ssZhØn¬ \n∂p≈ hnZqcXbpw hy‡am°s∏Sp∂p.
Ckvemans\Xncnep≈ shdp∏pw ]£]mXhpw shfns∏Sp∂p.
• ]XmI IØn°p∂Xpw l¿ØmepIfpw \ioIcWhpw
Ipg∏ap ≠ m°p∂Xpw icnbmb ]Xntj[ coXnb√.
• \ΩpsS s]cpam‰w CkvemanI aqeyßfpw
A≤ym]\hpa\pkcn®mbncn°Ww.
\ΩpsS ]XnIcWw Xncp\_n (k) bpsS
A≤ym]\߃ ]tim`nXam°p∂Xmbncn°Ww.
• AlvaZnItfmSv ]X]h¿Ø\Ønte°v Cdßm≥ Blzm\w.
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
11
\mw \ns¶ temI-¯n\v Hcp Imcp-Wy-ambn amX-amWv
Ab-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. (21:108)
AÃm-lphpw Ahsâ ae-¡p-Ifpw \_n¡v A\p-K-lm-iw-
k-IÄ t\cp-¶p. hnizm-kn-I-tf! At±l-¯n\v A\p-K-lhpw
im´nbpw kam-[m-\hpw e`n-¡m³ th≠n \n§fpw ]mÀYn-¡p-
I. AÃm-lp-hn-t\bpw Ahsâ ZqX-t\bpw iey-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-h-
cmtcm \nÝ-ba-mbpw Ahsc AÃmlp Cl-¯nepw ]c-¯nepw
i]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AhÀ¡v A]-am-\-I-c-amb in£ Ah-s\m-cp-
¡n-h-bv¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-≠v. (33:57--,58)
Ct¸mÄ \_nXncpta\n(k)sb Ipdn¨v At§bäw hr¯n
lo\hpw apkvenwIfpsS hnImc§sf Bfn¡¯n¡p¶Xpw hn
t£m`n¸n¡p¶Xpamb ImÀ«q¬ U·mÀ¡ntebpw Nne ]mÝm
XycmPy§fntebpw ]X§fn ]kn²oIcn¨Xn Ckvem
anI temI v apgph\pw Zp:J¯ntâbpw Acni¯ntâbpw Xnc
AebSn¨psIm≠ncn¡pIbmWv. FÃm apkvenwIfpsS mK¯p
\n¶pw CXp kw_Ôn¨v ]XnIcWw ]pd¯ph¶p sIm≠n
cn¡p¶p. kzm`mhnIambpw Cu ]hÀ¯nbn ]XnIcWw
(21:108)
(33:57,588)
12 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
shfns¸tS≠Xp Xs¶bmbncp¶p. AlvaZnIÄ¡v dkq Xncp
ta\n(k)t\mSpÅ kvt\lhpw A\pcànbpw XoÀ¨bmbpw
aäpÅhtc¡mfpw A[nIamsW¶Xv kphyàamWv. AhÀ¡v
hmKvZ¯ akolv(A) ImcW¯m lZvdXv Jm¯ap A¼n
bm apl½Zv apkvX^m(k)sâ Øm\s¯¡pdn v Adnhpw Ah
t_m[hpw aäpÅhtc¡mfpw A[nIambn«p≠v. ]e AlvaZnI
fpw I¯pw FgpXp¶p, X§fpsS thZ\bpw tcmjhpw ]ISn¸n
¡p¶p. Cu alm\mb ]hmNIsâ Øm\sa´msW¶v tem
I¯n\v ]dªpsImSp¡m³ Ømbnbmb bÚw thWsa¶
A`n]mb§fpw Xcp¶p. Npcp¡¯n CXpkw_Ôn¨v Pam
A¯v DuÀPkzeamb Øe§fnseÃmw ]hÀ¯n¨p sIm≠n
cn¡p¶p≠v. \aps¡Ãmw Adnbmhp¶Xp t]mse¯s¶, \½p
sS ]XnIcWw Hcn¡epw lÀ¯mepIfpsS cq]¯neÃ, Xo
sh¡p¶ cq]¯nepaÃ. amXaà lÀ¯mepIfpw \ioIcW
hpw ]XmI I¯n¡epw CXn\pÅ ]Xnhn[nbpaÃ.
C¡meL«¯n aäv aXØcpw ]mivNmXy temIhpw Ckvem
ant\bpw Ckvemw aXØm]IÀ(k)t\bpw AIan¨p sIm≠n
cn¡pIbmWv. Ct¸mÄ ]mÝmXyÀ¡v aX¯n Hcp XmÂ]
cyhpanÃ. Ahcnse qcn`mKhpw ‘`uXnI IfnXamiIfn apgp
Inbncn¡pIbmWv. CXn FXamXw AIs¸«ncn¡p¶psh
¶m AhcpsS aXw CkvemamsW¦nepw InkvXpaXamsW
¦nepw AXÃ atäsX¦nepw aXamsW¦nepw AhcXv ]cnKWn
¡p¶tXbnÃ. AhÀ AXn \n¶v ]qÀWambpw _Ôw hntO
Zn¨ncn¡p¶p. `qcn]£¯n\pw aX]hnXXbpsS t_m[w
CÃmXmbncn¡p¶p. amXaà Ignª Znhk§fn ^m³knÂ
\n¶msW¶p tXm¶p¶p, Hcp hmÀ¯bn ]dbp¶Xv, X§Ä
BKln¡pIbmsW¦n (\DuZp_nÃmlv) AÃmlphnsâbpw
ImÀ«q¬ D≠m¡phm\pÅ AhImihpw X§Ä¡ps≠¶mWv.
ChcpsS AhØ C§s\bmbn¡gnªncn¡p¶p. Cu ImÀ
«q¬ D≠m¡nbhcpsS At§bäw tamiamb \o¡¯nepw
AhcpsS Nn´mKXnbnepw CkvemanI temI¯v shfns¸« ]
XnIcW¯nepw ]e teJIcpw, Cu ]XnIcWw CkvemanI
kaql¯n\pw ]mÝmXy aX\nct]£ P\m[n]Xy¯n\pw
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
13
CSbnepÅ kwLÀjamsW¶v FgpXpIbp≠mbn. bYmÀ
Y¯n CXn\v kaqlhpambn _Ôsam¶panÃ. Ahcn qcn
]£hpw Rm³ ]dªXpt]mse [mÀanIX \jvSs¸Sp¯nbh
cmWv. kzmX´y¯nsâ t]cn \nÀeÖsb kzmwioIcn¨p
sIm≠ncn¡p¶p. eÖ Gsd¡psd CÃmXmbncn¡p¶p.
Nne \oXnam·mcpsS hniIe\w
Cu ]XnIcW¯n\v Ckvemapw ]mÝmXy aX\nct]£
P\m[n]Xyhpw X½nepÅ t]mcm«sa¶ t]cv \ÂIp¶ ho£
Ws¯ Chcn Xs¶bpÅ Nne am\y·mcpw \oXnam·mcp
amb teJI·mÀ sXämsW¶v ]dªncn¡p¶p. Cw¥≠nse
Xs¶ Hcp tImfankvämb tdm_À«v nkvIv (Robert Fisk) hfsc
\oXn]qÀhw FgpXnbn«p≠v. U·mÀ¡nse HcmÄ CkvemanI
kaql¯n\pw ]mÝmXy aX\nct]£ P\m[n]Xy¯n\pw
CSbnepÅ kwLÀjamsW¶v FgpXnbXns\¡pdn v Ct±lw
FgpXn, CXv ]qÀWambpw sXämWv. CXv GsX¦nepw kwkvIm
c¯ntâtbm aX\nct]£XbptStbm kwL«\aÃ. At±lw
FgpXp¶p; CXv BhnjvImc kzmX´y¯nsâ ]iv\hpaÃ.
Imcyw CXtb DÅq, apkvenwIfpsS hnizmk]Imcw ]hm
NI\v ssZhw Xsâ A²ym]\§Ä t\cn«v Cd¡ns¡mSp¯p.
At±lw `qanbn ssZh¯nsâ hàmhmWv. ]t£ ChÀ
(AXmbXv InkvXym\nIÄ) a\knem¡p¶Xv, (InkvXym\n
bmb teJI³ FgpXpIbmWv ) \_namcptSbpw henamcptSbpw
A²ym]\§Ä a\pjymhImi§fptSbpw kzmX´y§fp
tSbpw \ho\ Nn´Ifpambn XmZmXvayw ]m]n¡m¯Xn\mÂ
NcnX¯nsâ AÔImc¯n hn\jvSamsb¶mWv. apkvenw
IÄ aXs¯ X§fpsS PohnX¯nsâ `mKamsW¶v a\Ên
em¡p¶p. \qäm≠pIfpsS bmXbpw ]cnWma§fpsams¡ D
≠mbn«pw AhcpsS Cu Nn´mKXn \ne\n¶p t]mcp¶p. ]
t£ R§fmIs« aXs¯ ]mtbmKnIambn¯s¶ PohnX
¯n \n¶v AIän \nÀ¯nbncn¡p¶p. AXpsIm≠v Xs¶
R§Ä Ct¸mÄ InkvXpaX¯ns\Xncn Ckvemw F¶Ã
adn¨v ]mÝmXykwkvImc¯ns¶Xncn Ckvemw F¶mWv
]dbp¶Xv. Cu ASnØm\¯nÂ, R§Ä R§fpsS ]hm
14 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
NI·mtcbpw A²ym]\t¯bpw ]cnlkn¡p¶psh¦n aäv
aX§sf F´psIm≠v ]änÃ?
ho≠pw FgpXp¶p; Cu \ne]mSv CXamXw AIrXnaamtWm?
Rm³ HmÀ¡pIbmWv, 10,12 hÀjw ap³]v Hcp kn\na, Last Temptation of Christ Cd§nbncp¶p. AXn lZvdXv Cukm(A)
s\ Bt£]Icamb AhØbn ImWn¨Xns\¯pSÀ¶v hen
b _lfap≠mbn. ]mcokn HcmÄ Iq²\mbn ^nenw I¯n
¨p. Hcp ^©v ]uc³ sImesN¿s]«p. F´mWv CXnsâsbm
s¡ AÀYw? Hcp mK¯v \½psS BfpIfn ]eÀ¡pw aXhn
Imcw Ahtlfn¡s¸Sp¶Xv kln¡m³ Ignbp¶nÃ. ]t£,
BhnjvImckzmX´y¯nsâ t]cn \nµmhlamb ImÀ«q
WpIÄ ]kn²oIcn¡pt¼mÄ apkvenwIÄ kl\w ssIs¡m
ÅWsa¶v \mw A`nejn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. CXv icnbmb
\ne]mSmtWm? ]X§Ä¡pw BhnjvImckzmX´y¯n\pw
ta ISnªmWnSm³ km²yasöv ]mÝmXy amÀKZÀiIÀ
]dbpt¼mÄ F\n¡v NncnbmWv hcp¶Xv. ]dbp¶p; ]amZamb
ImÀ«qWpIfn CkvemanI ]hmNI\p ]Icw t_mw_pUn
ssk\pÅ sXm¸n GsX¦nepw blqZdºn (]ptcmlnX³)
bpsS Xebn ImWs¸«mÂ, AXn Anti Semistism Bân
skankvänk¯nsâ (AXmbXv blqZ hncp²XbpsS) aWw
hcp¶psh¶pw blqZnIsf aX]cambn thZ\n¸n¡p¶psh
¶pw ]dªv _lfap≠mIntÃ? BhnjvImckzmX´¯nsâ
]hnXXbmWv Imcysa¦n c≠mw temIalmbp²Ime¯v
blqZnIsf hwilXy hcp¯nbnà F¶v ]dbp¶Xv ^m³
knepw PÀa\nbnepw BkvtSenbbnepw tNmZyw sN¿p¶Xv
F´psIm≠mWv \nba]cambn IpäamIp¶Xv?
C¯cw ImÀ«qWpIÄ ]kn²oIcn¡p¶Xp sIm≠v apkvenw
Ifn aX]cnjvIcW¯nt\m \oXnt¡m klmbn¡p¶hsc
t]mÕmln¸n¡m\pw ]Imiam\amb Nn´mKXnIfpsS NÀ
¨IÄ ]ptcmKXns¸Sp¯m\pamWv BKln¨sX¦n hfsc
Ipd¨p t]À¡v amXta Bt£]ap≠mIpambncp¶pÅq. F
¶m Cu ImÀ«qWpIÄ sIm≠v Ckvemw Hcp XohhmZaXam
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
15
sW¶ ktµiw \ÂIm\ÃmsX asä v iaamWp≠mbXv? Cu
ImÀ«qWpIÄ \mep]mSpw tIm]mKv\n ]c¯pIbÃmsX F´v
KpWamWv sNbvXXv? (PwKv Zn\¸Xw 07.02.2006, t]Pv: 1..3)
GXmbmepw apkvenwIfpsS \ne]mSpIÄ ImcWhpw C¯cw
\o¡§Ä¡v Ahkcw e`n¡pIbp≠mbn. F¦nepw Chcnepw
bmYmÀYyw Xpd¶v ]dbm³ Adnbp¶ am\y·mcp≠v.
apkvenw t\Xm¡·mcpsS sXämb ]XnIcWw ImcWw
A\yÀ¡v Ckvemans\ A[nt£]n¡m³ Ahkcw e`n¡p¶p.
Rm³, hnhn[ cmPy§fnep≠mb ]XnIcW§fpsS AXm
bXv, apkvenwIfpsS `mK¯p \n¶pw bqtdm¸nse kÀ¡mÀ ]
Xn\n[nIfptStbm ]X]Xn\n[nIfptStbm `mK¯p \n¶p
apÅ A`n]mb ]IS\§fpsS dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ hcp¯n¨n«p≠v.
AXn A[nIw t]cpw ]X¯nsâ Cu \o¡s¯ CjvSs¸Sm
¯hcmWv. GXmbmepw Rm³ ]dªXp t]mse, FhnsSsb
¦nepw Ft¸msg¦nepw D≠mIp¶ hg¡pIfn \n¶v C¯cw
ZpjvNn´mKXn¡mcpsS a\Ênse Agp¡pw ssZh¯n \n¶p
Å hnZqcXbpw hyàam¡s¸Sp¶p. Ckvemans\XncnepÅ
shdp¸pw ]£]mXhpw shfns¸Sp¶p. F¶m ZuÀ`mKyh
im apkvenw t\Xm¡·mcpsS sXämb ]XnIcWw ImcWw
A\yÀ¡v Ckvemans\ A[nt£]n¡m³ Ahkcw e`n¡p¶p
sh¶mWv Rm³ ]dbpI. Cu Imcy§Ä sIm≠v ]ns¶ ChÀ
Nne cmjvSob apXseSp¸pw \S¯p¶p. amXaà s]mXp Pohn
X¯n apkvenwIsf¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶hcpsS s]cpamäw Imc
Ww `cWIqS§Ä _p²nap«pIbmWv. DZmlcWambn, ]Wn
sbSp¡mXncn¡pI, A[nIhpw ChÀ hoSpIfn Xs¶ Ign
¨pIq«n social help hm§m³ XpS§p¶p. AXpasæn A\p
hZ\obaÃm¯ Imcy§Ä sN¿pI, SmIvkv sh«n¡pI A§
s\ ]e sXämb ]WnIfpw sN¿p¶p. Cu kµÀ`w apkvenwIÄ
kzbw D≠m¡pIbmWv. XpSÀ¶v PmK¯mb Cu kaql§Ä
AXn \n¶v ]tbmP\saSp¡p¶p.
Nne kab v AhcpsS mK¯p \n¶v AIaw D≠mImdp≠v.
]t£ apkvenwIfpsS ]XnIcWw ImcWw AhÀ aÀ±n¡s¸Sp
16 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
¶hcmbn amdp¶p. apkvenwIsf aÀ±Icm¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p.
Hcp ]t£ apkvenwIfnse _lp`qcn]£hpw Cu \ioIcW
]hÀ¯\§sf \ÃXmbn KWn¡p¶nà F¶XmWv icn. ]
t£ t\XrXztam Zpjvt]cv D≠m¡p¶ Nne Ipg¸¡mtcm
Zpjvt]cv hcp¯nsh¡p¶p.
DZmlcWambn U·mÀ¡n \n¶pÅ Hcp dnt¸mÀ«mWv,
AXn\p tijw F´p kw`hn¨p? ]Xw tJZw ]ISn¸n¨Xn\p
tijw, B tJZ]IS\s¯ am\n¡pIbpw Ckvemansâ bYm
ÀY A²ym]\w Ahcnte¡v F¯n¡m³ Cu ]iv\w kam
[m\]camb \nebn Ahkm\n¸n¡pIbpw AIaamÀKw
Dt]£n¡pIbpw thWsa¶mWv Um\njv P\X ]XnIcn¨Xv.
]ns¶ Sn.hn.bn t]mKmw h¶psIm≠ncn¡p¶p. ]dbpI
bmWv, cmPy¯nsâ ]XmI I¯n¨p sIm≠pw Fw_kn¡v
Xo sh¨psIm≠pw U·mÀ¡ns\Xncn ]XnIcn¡p¶Xv I≠v
ChnsSbpÅ Ip«nIÄ t]Sn¨c≠ncn¡pIbmWv. AhÀ bp²
`oXnbnemWv. Ahsc sImÃpsa¶v ojWns¸Sp¯ns¡m≠ncn
¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. ChnsSbpÅ s]mXpP\§fpw cmjvSob
¡mcpw CXp I≠v A\njvSw ]ISn¸n¨ncn¡p¶p. apkvenwI
fpsS a\kv thZ\n¸n¨Xn\v ]Icambn ChnsSbpÅ (Firms sâ) I¼\nIfptSbpw hyhkmbnIfptSbpw sNehn apkv
enwIÄ¡v Hcp henb akvPnZv \nÀan¨psImSp¡msa¶pw Hcp
]XnIcWw h¶n«p≠ v. tIm¸³tlKnse kp]ow tabÀ¡v
Cu A`n]mbw CjvSambncn¡p¶p. Rm³ ]dªp h¶Xp
t]mse, apkvenwIfnse _lp`qcn]£hpw tJZ]IS\w am\n
¡Wsa¶mWv ]dbp¶Xv. F¶m Ahcnse Hcp t\Xmhv,
At±lw 27 kwLS\IfpsS ]Xn\n[nbmWv, ]dbp¶p; ]Xw
tJZw ]ISn¸ns¨¦nepw R§fpsS ap¶n h¶v tJZ]IS\w
\S¯pIbmsW¦n R§Ä FÃm apkvenw cmjvS§fnepw
t]mbn Cu ]²Xn Ahkm\n¸n¡m³ ]dbmsa¶mWv. Ckv
emansâ Hcp bm\I NnXw D≠m¡m\mWv ChÀ ian¡p¶Xv.
cRvPn¸nsâ ssI \o«p¶Xn\p ]Icw Ipg¸¯nte¡mWv
Nmbp¶Xv. Cu Ipg¸§fpambn AlvaZn¿m PamA¯n\v bm
sXmcp _ÔhpanÃ. ]t£ \½psS anj\pIfnte¡pw t^m¬
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
17
hcp¶p. R§Ä AXv sN¿pw, CXv sN¿pw Fs¶ms¡ ]dªv
sIm≠pÅ ojWn¡¯pIfpw Nne FXncmfnIfpsS mK¯p
\n¶v hcp¶p≠v. AÃmlp FÃm `mK¯papÅ PamA¯nsâ
akvPnZpItfbpw anj\pItfbpw kwc£n¡pamdmIs«. Ch
cpsS D]Zh¯n \n¶v c£n¡pamdmIs«.
Npcp¡¯n sXämb ]Xntj[ap≠mIpt¼mÄ adp`mK¯pw
sXämb ]XnIcWap≠mIp¶XmWv. Rm³ ]dªXp t]mse
ChÀ X§fpsS sNbvXnbn am¸p tNmZn¨ncn¡p¶p. XpSÀ¶v
apkvenwIfpsS ]XnIcWw shfns¸Spt¼mÄ ChÀ AIaImcn
Ifmbncp¶n«p IqSn -ChÀ AIaamWv sNbvXXv, hfsc sX
ämb NphSmWv sh¨Xpw- Ct¸mÄ AIan¡s¸Sp¶hcmbn
amdp¶p. t\m¡pI, AhÀ U·mÀ¡n am¸p tNmZn¨p sIm≠n
cn¡p¶p. apkvenw t\Xm¡fmIs« hminbnepamWv. Npcp¡¯n
 Cu apkvenwIÄ _p²n ]tbmKn¡pIbpw t_m[hm·mcmhp
Ibpw ]Xntj[coXn amäpIbpw thWw.
AlvaZnIfpsS ]XnIcW coXn
Rm³ ]dªXp t]mse Hcp]t£, Aà XoÀ¨bmbpw Cu
\o¡¯n \½psS lrZbamWv Gähpa[nIw hrWs¸«Xv.
]t£ \½psS ]Xntj[coXn asäm¶mWv. ChnsS Rm³
asämcp Imcyw IqSn ]dbs«, ]Xnhp t]mse kabmkab§
fn C¯cw hg¡pIÄ ChÀ C\nbpw D≠m¡pIbpw apkvenw
IfpsS a\kv thZ\n¸n¡p¶ Fs´¦nepw \o¡w \S¯pIbpw
sNbvtX¡mw. apkvenwIÄ¡v ta ]tXyIn¨pw ]uckvXy\m
SpIfn \n¶pw Ct´m ]mIv D]`qJWvV¯n \n¶pw hcp¶
apkvenwIÄ¡v ta Cu ImcWw ]dªv \nba]cambn XSkw
D≠m¡m\pÅ iahpw CXnsâ ]n¶nepÅ Hcp e£yambn
cn¡mw. GXmbncp¶mepw ChÀ XSk§Ä D≠m¡nbmepw
Csænepw \ap¡v \½psS \ne]mSpIÄ CkvemanI aqey§Ä
¡pw ]mT§Ä¡pw A\pkrXambn ]cphs¸Sp¯pIbpw cq]
s¸Sp¯pIbpw sNt¿≠nbncn¡p¶p.
Ckveman\pw Xncp\_n(k)\pw FXncn XpS¡w apXÂ
Xs¶ KqVmtemN\ \S¶p hcp¶Xmbn Rm³ ]dªncp¶p.
-
18 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
]t£ AÃmlphmWv AXns\ kwc£n¡p¶Xv, hmKvZm\ap
ÅXp sIm≠v Ah³ kwc£n¨p t]mcpIbpw sN¿p¶p. FÃm
FXnÀ ia§fpw ]cmPbs¸SpIbpw sN¿p¶p.
hmKvZ¯alvZo akolmWv
Ckveman\pw Xncp\_n(k)\pw FXncnepÅ
KqVmtemN\sb ]Xntcm[n¡pI
C¡meL«¯n AÃmlp, lZvd¯v akolv auDuZv(A)s\
\ntbmKn¨Xv Cu e£ykm[y¯n\p th≠nbmWv. amXaÃ
Cu Ime¯v dkq Xncpta\n(k)sâ AkvXnXz¯n\p taÂ
BIaW§Ä D≠mbt¸mÄ lZvd¯v akolv auDuZv(A) Dw
tijw AhnSs¯ A²ym]\a\pkcn¨v ]hÀ¯n¨psIm≠v
At±l¯nsâ Jeo^amcpw PamA¯n\v hgnIm«pIbpw ]
Xntj[w ]ISn¸n¡pIbpw sNbvXn«p≠v. ]n¶oSv shfns¸«
AXnsâ e]m]vXnbpsS H¶v c≠v DZmlcWw kaÀ¸n¡mw.
A§s\, lÀ¯mepIÄ sN¿mtXbpw AXn `mK`m¡mIm
tXbpw \½Ä, Xncp\_n(k)sâ AkvXnXzs¯ A[nt£]n
¡p¶Xn bmsXmcp thZ\bpanÃm¯hcmsW¶v sXfnbn¡p
¶psh¶ Btcm]Wap¶bn¡p¶hÀ¡v AlvaZnIfpsS ]hÀ
¯\§Ä hyàamIp¶XmWv.
dkq Xncpta\n(k)sâbpw A²ym]\hpw amXrIbpw hnip
²JpÀBsâ ]mT§fpw ]tim`nXamIp¶ Xc¯nemWv \½p
sS ]XnIcWw D≠mbn«pÅXpw D≠mtI≠Xpw. dkq Xncp
ta\n(k)sâ AkvXnXz¯n\p ta tamiamb BIaW§Ä
D≠mIp¶Xp ImWpt¼mÄ \ioIcW ]hÀ¯\§Ä sN¿p
¶Xn\p ]Icw AÃmlphnsâ khn[¯n Ip\nªpsIm≠v
Aht\mSv klmbw tXSp¶hcmbn \mw amdp¶XmWv. C\n
Rm³ dkq Xncpta\n(k)sâ kXykÔ\mb t]an lZvd v
akolv auDuZv(A)sâ ]hmNIkvt\l¯nsâ A`nam\w ]
ISamIp¶ c≠v DZmlcW§Ä kaÀ¸n¡mw.
BZys¯ DZmlcWw InkvXym\nbmb AÐpÃmlv BYnap
ambn _Ôs¸«XmWv.CbmÄ Xsâ KÙ¯n Xncp\_n(k)
s\ kw_Ôn v, Xsâ At§bäw Zpjn¨ a\kv shfns¸Sp¯n
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
19
s¡m≠v ZÖm F¶ ]Zw \DuZp_nÃmlv ]tbmKn¨n«p≠v.
B kab¯v lZvd¯v akolv auDuZv(A)ambn Ckvemapw
InkvXpaXhpw kw_Ôn¨v Hcp kwhmZw \S¶ncp¶p, Hcp
NÀ¨ \S¡p¶p≠mbncp¶p. lZvd v akolv auDuZv(A) ]dbp
IbmWv, Rm³ ]Xn\©v Znhkt¯mfw hmZ]XnhmZ¯nÂ
apgpInbncp¶p, NÀ¨ \S¡pIbmbncp¶p. Rm³ clkyambn
BYnan\v in£ e`n¡m³ ]mÀYn¨p sIm≠ncp¶p. AXmbXv
AbmÄ D]tbmKn¨ ]Z¯n\v AbmÄ ]nSn¡s¸Sm³ th≠n.
lZvd v akolv auDuZv(A) ]dbp¶p; NÀ¨ Ahkm\n¨t¸mÄ
Rm³ AbmtfmSv ]dªp, Hcp NÀ¨ Ahkm\n¨ncn¡p¶p.
]t£ AÃmlphn \n¶pÅ asämcp Xc¯nepÅ aÕcw
_m¡nbmWv. AXmbXv Xm¦Ä Xm¦fpsS KÙamb "A´q
\sb ss__nfn' R§fpsS \_n(k)s\ ZÖm F¶ t]
cn kwt_m[\ sNbvXncn¡p¶p. Rm³ Xncp\_n(k)s\
kXykÔ\pw kXyhm\pambn a\knem¡pIbpw Ckvemw
Zo³ AÃmlphn \n¶msW¶v ZrVambpw hnizkn¡pIbpw
sN¿p¶p. BbXn\m Cu bp²¯n BImiob hn[n XoÀ v
I¸n¡p¶XmWv. \mw c≠p t]cn BcmtWm Xsâ ]kvXm
h\bn IÅ\pw A\ymbambn Xncp\_nsb IÅs\¶pw
ZÖmse¶pw ]dbpIbpw kXy¯nsâ iXphpambn«pÅXv
AbmÄ kXy¯nte¡v Xncnbm¯ ]£w AXmbXv hnizkv
X\pw kXykÔ\pamb \_nsb ZÖm F¶v ]dbp¶XnÂ
\n¶v ]n·mdpIbpw tZmlhpw ZpÀ\m¡pw Dt]£n¡pIbpw
sN¿p¶nsæn C¶p apX 15 amk¯n\Iw kXyhmsâ
PohnXIme¯n\pÅn lmhnb (AKv\n Ip¬Tw) bn hogv
¯s¸Spsa¶XmWv B ssZhnI hn[n. CXp ]dbm\pÅ Imc
Ww, tIhew aX\ncmkw, Cu temI¯v in£mÀlaÃ. adn¨v
tZmlhpw KÀhpw ZpÀ\m¡pamWv in£mÀlambn¯ocp¶Xv.
lZvd¯v akolv auDuZv(A) ]dbp¶p; Rm³ CXp ]dª
t¸mÄ AbmÄ hnhÀW\mhpIbpw apJw Nph¶pXpSp¡pIbpw
ssI hnd¡m³ XpS§pIbpw sNbvXp. At¸mÄ DS³ Xs¶
AbmÄ, `bNInX\mb Ipähmfn Ipäw iàambn \ntj[n¨p
sIm≠v ]Ým¯]n¡pIbpw hn\bm\znX\mbn kzbtah shfn
20 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
s¸Sp¯pIbpw sN¿p¶Xpt]mse Xsâ \mhv ]pdt¯¡nSp
Ibpw CcpssIIfpw ImXpIfn ]nSn¨v XetbmsSm¸w ssI
IÄ Cf¡m\pw XpS§n. amXaà Xu_,Xu_ Rm³ A\mZ
chpw acymZt¡Spw ImWn¨n«nà F¶v IqsS¡qsS ]dbp¶pap
≠mbncp¶p. ]ns¶ AXn\p tijhpw AbmÄ Ckvemans\Xn
cn H¶pw ]dªn«nÃ.
C§s\bmbncp¶p Xncp\_nbpsS A`nam\w Im¡p¶ ssZ
hnIknwl¯nsâ ]XnIcWw.
C\n asämcmÄ teJvdmw Bbncp¶p, AbmÄ Xncp\_n(k)
sb sXdnhnfn¨ncp¶p. Abmsf Cu ZpÀ`mjW¯n \n¶v
]n´ncn¸n¡m³ lZvd¯v akolv auDuZv(A) ian¨psIm≠n
cp¶p. AbmÄ ]n·mdnbnÃ. Ahkm\w B almXvamhv Zp:B
sN¿pIbpw AÃmlp AbmfpsS thZ\mP\Iamb acWs¯
¡pdn¨v Adnbn¸v \ÂIpIbpw sNbvXp. CXp kw_Ôn¨v
lZvd¯v akolv auDuZv(A) ]dbp¶p: \_nXncpta\n(k)
s\ sXdn]dbpIbpw tamiamb hm¡pIÄ D]tbmKn¡pIbpw
sN¿p¶ AÃmlphntâbpw dkqentâbpw iXphmb teJvdman
s\¡pdn¨v Ft¶mSv hmKvZm\w \ÂIpIbpw Fsâ ]mÀY\
tIÄ¡pIbpw sNbvXp. Rm³ AbmÄs¡Xncn im]]mÀ
Y\ sNbvXt¸mÄ AbmÄ 6 hÀj¯n\Iw \in¸n¡s¸Spsa
¶v ssZhw Fs¶ kphmÀ¯ Adnbn¨p. kXyaXs¯ At\z
jn¡p¶hÀ¡v CXv ASbmfambncn¡pw. GXmbmepw AXv
A§s\ Xs¶ kw`hn¨p. AbmÄ ZmcpWambn acWs¸«p.
Xncp\_n(k)sâ D¯a amXrI
temI¯n\p ap¶n kaÀ¸n¡pI
Cu coXn Xs¶bmWv lZvd¯v akolv auDuZv(A) \ap¡v
]Tn¸n¨p X¶n«pÅXv. C¯cw ]hÀ¯\§Ä sN¿p¶hÀ¡v
a\Ênem¡n sImSp¡pI. Xncp\_n(k)sâ kuµcyw hnhcn
¡pI. temI¯nsâ I®pIfn \n¶v adªncn¡p¶ wKnbp
ÅXpw ]Imiam\ambXpamb `mK§sf¡pdn¨v P\§sf
t_m[ys¸Sp¯pI. AÃmlp C¯cw ]hÀ¯nIÄ sN¿p¶
hsc ]n´ncn¸n¡m\pw Asæn kzbw Xs¶ ]nSnIqSm\pw
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
21
]mÀYn¡pI. ]nSn¡p¶Xn¶v AÃmlphn\v AhtâXmb hgn
Ifp≠v. GXp hn[¯n ]nSnIqSWsa¶pw Ah\v \¶mbn
Adnbmw.
c≠mw Jnem^¯v Ime¯v c¦oem dkq F¶ t]cnÂ
hfsc hr¯nsI« Hcp ]pkvXIw cNn¡s¸SpIbp≠mbn. XpS
À¶v hÀ¯am³ F¶ ]Xw hfsc tamiamb Hcp teJ\w ]
kn²oIcn¨p. AtX XpSÀ¶v C´ybnse apkvenwIÄ tIm]m
Ipecmbn. F§pw A\nb´nXamb hnImchpw ]Xntj[hpw
D≠mbn.
AXn lZvd¯v apkvenlv auDuZv(d) apkvenwIsf kwt_m
[\ sNbvXp sIm≠v ]dªp: ktlmZc·mtc! thZ\m \nÀ`
camb a\kpambn Rm³ ho≠pw \n§tfmSv ]dbs«; Ieln¡p
¶h\Ã tbm²mhv, Ah³ `ocphmWv. ImcWw Ah³ Xsâ
am\kntINvO¡v ASns¸«h\mWv. (CXv hmkvXh¯n tIm
]w AS¡p¶h\mWv bYmÀY tbm²mhv F¶ lZoknsâ
ASnØm\¯nemWv, At±lw ]dbp¶p) “tbm²mhv Hcp Øm
bnbmb Xocpam\w FSp¡p¶p, AXv ]qÀ¯nbmIp¶Xv hsc
AXn \n¶v ]n·mdp¶XÃ. At±lw ]dbp¶p; Ckvemansâ
]ptcmKXn¡p th≠n aq¶v Imcy§fpsS i]Yw sN¿pI. BZy
s¯ Imcyw, \n§Ä ssZhs¯ b¶p sImt≠ ]hÀ¯n¡pI
bpÅqsh¶pw aXs¯ AKWyambn ImWpIbnsöpapÅ
XmWv. BZyw kz´w IÀa§Ä \¶m¡Ww.
c≠mat¯Xv, Ckvemansâ ]NmcW¯n ]qÀWambpw
XmÂ]cyw ]ISn¸n¡pI. Ckvemansâ A²ym]\hpw Xncp
\_n(k)sâ ta·bpw \· \ndª kpµcPohnXhpw amXr
Ibpw temI¯pÅ FÃmhÀ¡pw AdnbpamdmIWw.
aq¶v, \n§Ä, apkvenwIsf kmwkvImcnIhpw km¼¯nIhp
amb ASnaXz¯n \n¶v tamNn¸n¡m³ ]qÀWambpw ]cnian
t¡≠XmWv. (A³hmdp Deqw `mKw:9, t]Pv:555,556)
C\n km[mcW¡mcpw t\Xm¡·mcpamb Hmtcm apkvenan\pw
D¯chmZnXzap≠v. t\m¡pI, kzX´sc¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶ kzX
´ apkvenw cmjvS§Ä, kzmX´yap≠mbn«p IqSn Ct¸mgpw
22 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
kmwkvImcnI km¼¯nI ASnaXz¯nsâ CcIfmWv. ]mÝm
Xykaql§tfmSv IrXÚXbpÅhcpw Ahsc A\pIcn¡p
¶Xn \naKv\cpamWv. kzbw ]Wnsbm¶pw sN¿nÃ, A[nI
hpw AhcnemWv \½psS Bibw. AXpsIm≠pXs¶ ChÀ
kµÀ`m\pkcWw apkvenwIfpsS hnImcs¯s¡m≠v Ifn¡p
Ibpw sN¿p¶p.
]n¶oSv At±lw kod¯p¶_n(k)..(\_nNcnX) kt½f\
§Ä¡v Bcw`w Ipdn¨p. CXmWv ]Xntj[¯nsâ amÀKw.
AÃmsX \mi\jvS§Ä hcp¯pIbpw Ipg¸ap≠m¡pIbpaÃ.
Cu Imcy§fn At±lw apkvenwIsf kwt_m[\ sNbvX
Xn Gähpw A[nIw AlvaZnIfmWv kwt_m[nXÀ.
Cu cmPy§fnse Nne sXämb k¼Zmb§Ä A\p`hthZn
XamIm¯ hn[w \½psS Nne IpSpw_§fn ]thin¨p sIm
≠ncn¡p¶p. Rm³ AlvaZnItfmSv ]dbs«, \n§fpw kwt_m
[nXcmWv. AhcpsS kwkvImc¯nsâ \à Imcy§Ä kzoI cn¨p
sImÅpI. ]s£ sXämb Imcy§fn \n¶v c£s¸Sp Ibpw
thWw. \ioIcW ]hÀ¯\§fn GÀs¸Sp¶Xn\p ]Icw
\mw kzbw hnebncp¯p¶Xnte¡v i²n¡p¶Xmbncn ¡Ww
\½psS Reaction. \½psS IÀa§Ä F´mWv, \ap¡pÅnÂ
FXamXw ssZh`bap≠v, Ahsâ Bcm[\bn FX i²
bp≠v, Zo\oI¸\IÄ ]mhÀ¯nIam¡p¶Xn FX ipjv
Im´nbp≠v, ssZhnIktµiw (aäpÅhcnte¡v) F¯n¡p¶Xn
 FX XmÂ]cyap≠v F¶nXymZn Imcy§Ä \mw i²n¡Ww.
\memw Jnem^¯v Ime¯v dpjvZn hfsc \nµmhlamb Hcp
KÙw FgpXnbncp¶p. B kab¯v lZvd¯v Jeo^¯pÂ
akolv dm_nAv(dlv) JpXv_Ifpw \ÂInbncp¶p, Hcp KÙ
hpw FgpXn¸n¨ncp¶p. Rm³ ]dªp h¶Xpt]mse Cu \o¡
§Ä \S¶p sIm≠ncn¡p¶p. Ignª hÀj¯nsâ Bcw`
¯nepw Xncp\_n(k)sâ PohnXs¯¡pdn v Hcp hnjbw h¶n
cp¶p. A¶v Rm³, teJ\§Ä FgpXm\pw I¯pIÄ FgpXm
\pw _Ôw hnimeam¡m\pw PamA¯ntâbpw t]mjI LSI
§fptSbpw i² £Wn¨ncp¶p. Xncp\_n(k)sâ PohnX¯n
se ta·Ifpw \·Ifpw hnhcn¡pI. CXv Xncp\_n NcnX¯n
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
23
sâ kuµcy§Ä ]ZÀin¸nt¡≠ ]iv\amWv. AXv \ioI
cW¯neqsS e`n¡p¶XÃ. AXpsIm≠v FÃm hn`mK¯nep
apÅ AlvaZnIÄ FÃm cmPy¯pw hnZymk¼¶cpw Nn´mio
ecpamb apkvenwIsfbpw Iq«pI, \n§fpw CXpt]mse kam[m
\]cambn ]XnIcn¡pIbpw X§fpsS _豈 hnimeam
¡pIbpw FgpXpIbpamsW¦n FÃm cmPy¯pw FÃm Xe
¯nepw \ymb]qÀ¯nhcp¶XmWv. ]ns¶ Fs´¦nepw sNbv
Xm AhcpsS Imcyw AÃmlphpambn«mWv.
AÃmlp \_nXncpta\n(k)s\ dlva¯pÃn Beao³ Bbn
«mWv \ntbmKn¨n«pÅXv. ]dbp¶p: \mw
\ns¶ temI¯n\p apgph\pw ImcpWyambn«ÃmsX Ab
¨n«nÃ. (21:108) Xncpta\ntb¡mfpw henb AkvXnXzw, Imcp
Wyw hnXcWw sN¿p¶ AkvXnXzw aps¼mcn¡epw P\n¨n
«nÃ, C\n P\n¡m³ km²yhpaÃ. AtX Xncp\_nbpsS amXr
IbmWv imizXambn \ne\n¡p¶Xv, AXn Ncn¡m³ Hm
tcm apkvenapw iant¡≠XmWv. C¡mcy¯nepw `mcn¨ D¯
chmZnXzw AlvaZnIfmb \ap¡v ta Xs¶bmWv h¶p tN
cp¶Xv. Npcp¡¯n Xncp\_n(k) dlva¯pÃn Beao³
BWv. ]t£ ChÀ kaÀ¸n¡p¶ NnX¯n \n¶v `bm\I
amb cq]amWv shfns¸Sp¶Xv. \mw Xncp\_n(k)bpsS kvt\
l¯ntâbpw ImcpWy¯ntâbpw amXrI temI¯n\v a\Ên
em¡n sImSpt¡≠XmWv. CXp ]dªpsImSp¡m³ apkvenwI
Ä¡v X§fpsS \ne]mSpIfpw amtä≠n hcp¶XmWv. Xohhm
Z¯nsâ ]iv\w Xs¶ DZn¡p¶nÃ. aZo\bn h¶v bp²w
ASnt¨Â¸n¡p¶Xp htcbpw Xncp\_n(k) Ft¸mgpw bp²
¯n \n¶v Hgnbm\mWv ian¨ncp¶Xv. XpSÀ¶v ssZhnI A\p
aXntbmSpIqSn ]Xntcm[ bp²w sNt¿≠Xmbn h¶p. ]t£
AhntSbpw F´mbncp¶p I¸\,
AXmbXv, AÃtbm apkvenwItf! \n§tfmSv bp²w sN¿p¶
htcmSv \n§fpw AÃmlphnsâ amÀK¯n s]mcpXpI. ]t£
AXnIaw ImWn¡cpXv. XoÀ¨bmbpw AÃmlp AXnIaw
ImWn¡p¶hsc CjvSs¸Sp¶nÃ. (2:191)
24 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
Xncp\_n(k), X\n¡pta AhXcn¡p¶ icoA¯v A\p
kcn v Gähpa[nIw ]hÀ¯n¨ncp¶ Bfmbncp¶p. Xncpta\n
sb¡pdn¨v HuNnXyanÃm¯ Nn´mKXn ]ISn¸n¡p¶Xv hen
b AIaamWv. GXmbmepw ]dªXpt]mse ChÀ am v tNmZn
¨ncn¡p¶p. Ahcn HcmÄ am¸t]£n¡pIbpw Xpd¶v ]
Jym]n¡pIbpw sNbvXpsh¶v \½psS ap_ÃnKnsâ dnt¸mÀ«v
D≠mbncp¶p.
ImÀ«q¬ ]NmcW¯ns\Xnsc
AlvaZn¿m PamA¯nsâ kXzc \S]Sn
aäv apkvenwIfpsS Bthiw lÀ¯mepIÄ \S¯p¶Xnepw
X¨pXIÀ¡p¶XnepamWv. ImcWw \mi\jvSw hcp¯pIbpw
lÀ¯mepIÄ \S¯pIbpw amXamWv AhcpsS ]XnIcWw.
F¶m Cu kw`h¯n\p tijw shfns¸tS≠nbncp¶ kXz
c ]XnIcWamWv AlvaZn¿m PamA¯nsâ `mK¯p \n¶pw
D≠mbXv. AlvaZnIÄ DS³ Xs¶ ]X¡mcpambn _Ôs¸«p.
CXv 2006 s^_phcnbn lÀ¯mepIÄ \S¡pt¼mgs¯
kw`haÃ. CXv Ignª hÀjs¯ ImcyamWv. sk]vXw_dnÂ
Cu \o¡ap≠mb kab¯v \mw F´mbncp¶p sNbvXXv,
Rm³ ]dªXpt]mse CXv sk]vXw_dntetbm HIvtSm_À
XpS¡¯ntetbm ImcyamWv. A¶v DS³ Xs¶ \½psS ap_
ÃnKv hniZamb Hcp teJ\w X¿mdm¡n, ImÀ«q¬ ]kn²oI
cn¨ ]X¯n\v Ab¨p sImSp¯p. ImÀ«q¬ ]kn²oIcn¨XnÂ
]Xntj[adnbn¨p. lZvd v akolv auDuZv(A)sâ A²ym]\
§sf¡pdn¨v AhtcmSv ]dªp; C¯c¯nemWv R§fpsS
]Xntj[w, R§Ä PmY \S¯pIsbm¶panÃ. ]t£ R§Ä
\n§fpambn XqenIsIm≠v kacw sN¿p¶XmWv. ImÀ«q¬
]kn²oIcn¨Xns\ R§Ä A]e]n¡p¶p. AhtcmSv ]d
ªp: BhnjvImc kzmX´yw BImw F¶m AXnsâ AÀ
Yw aäpÅhcpsS a\kv thZ\n¸n¡pI F¶Ã. GXmbmepw
AXn\v ^eh¯mb ]XnIcWamWp≠mbXv. ]X¯n\p
sImSp¯ teJ\w ]Xw ]kn²oIcn¡pIbp≠mbn. Um\njv
P\XbpsS mK¯p \n¶v hfsc \Ã ]XnIcWamWp≠mbXv.
\½psS teJ\w hfscb[nIw CjvSs¸«Xmbn AhÀ t^m
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
25
Wpw I¯pIfpw aptJ\ Adnbn¡pIbp≠mbn. XpSÀ¶v PÀW
enkväv bqWnbsâ ]knU≠nsâ mK¯p \n¶v Hcp aoänwKnÂ
]s¦Sp¡m³ £Ww e`n¡pIbp≠mbn. AhnsS t]mhpIbpw
hniZambn kwkmcn¡pIbpap≠mbn; \n§fpsS \nbaw A\p
aXn \ÂIp¶psh¶Xv icn Xs¶, ]t£ AXnsâ AÀYw
aäpÅhcpsS aXKpcp¡·mtcbpw _lpam\mÀlcmb hyànXz
§tfbpw tamiambn ho£n¡pIbpw Ahtlfn¡pIbpw
sN¿pI F¶Ã. ChnsS apkvenwIfpw InkvXym\nIfpw Cu
kaql¯n H¶n v Pohn¡p¶hcmWv. GXmbmepw AhcpsS
hnImc§sf ]cnKWnt¡≠Xv A\nhmcyamWv. ImcWw
AXpIqSmsX kam[m\w Øm]n¡m³ km²yaÃ.
Xncp\_n(k)tâXv FXamXw at\mlcamb A²ym]\am
sW¶pw F§s\bpÅ amXrIbmsW¶pw Xncp\_n FX
D¶Xamb kz`mhsshinjvSy¯n\v DSabmbncp¶psh¶pw P\
§tfmSv FX klm\p`qXnbpÅ Bfmbncp¶psh¶pw ssZh
krjvSnItfmSv F§s\bpÅ A\pI¼bmbncp¶psh¶pw,
\_n(k) klm\p`qXnbptSbpw hmÕey¯ntâbpw ]Xncq]
ambncp¶psh¶pw AhtcmSv ]dªp. Nne kw`h§Ä tIĸn
¨psIm≠v AhtcmSv tNmZn¨p; C¯cw A²ym]\§fpw IÀa
§fpw DÅ Hcmsf ]än C§s\ ImÀ«q¬ hc¡p¶Xv A\ph
Z\obamtWm? \½psS anjWdn ]dª Cu Imcy§Ä AhÀ
CjvSs¸SpIbpw ]iwkn¡pIbpap≠mbn.
C¯cw aoänwKv t\cs¯ \S¶ncp¶psh¦n B ImÀ«q¬
hc¡nÃmbncp¶psh¶pw Ct¸mgmWv CkvemanI A²ym]\ §Ä
a\ÊnembsX¶pw Hcp ImÀ«qWnkväv Xpd¶v ]dbpIbp≠mbn.
GXmbncp¶mepw kw`mjW§Ä (Dialogue) XpSÀ¶psIm
≠ncn¡Wsa¶v FÃmhcpw ]dbpIbp≠mbn.
bqWnb³ ]knUâ v Cd¡nb ]kv dneoknsâ IcSv AhnsS
tIĸn¡pIbp≠mbn. Sn.hn.bn h¶ CâÀhyqhpw hfsc \Ã
Xmbncp¶p. ]ns¶ a´nbpambn IqSn¡mgvN \S¯pIbp≠mbn.
Npcp¡¯n PamA¯v ]cnian¡p¶p≠v. aäv cmPy§fnepw
C§s\ sNbvXn«p≠ v. GXmbmepw FhnsSbmtWm CXn\v
Bcw`ap≠mbXv AhnsS PamA v Hcp]mSv ]hÀ¯n¨n«p≠v.
26 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
Cu ImÀ«q-¬ D≠mIm\pÅ ImcWw U·mÀ¡n Hcp Um\n
jv Fgp¯pImc³ Hcp ]pkvXIw cNn¡pIbp≠mbn. AXnsâ
XÀPa apl½Zv \_nbpsS PohnXhpw JpÀB\pw F¶mWv.
AXv amÀ¡än h¶n«p≠v. Cu KÙImc³, Xncp\_n(k)
bpsS Ipd¨v NnX§Ä D≠m¡n Ab¡m³ Bhiys¸«n«p≠v.
Nne BfpIÄ X¿mdm¡n. apkvenwIÄ ]XnIcn¡psa¶pÅXp
sIm≠v NnX§Ä X¿mdm¡nbhÀ t]cv shfns¸Sp¯nbnÃ.
Cu ]pkvXIamWv ImcWambXv. Cu ]X¯nepw ImÀ«q¬
Xs¶bmWv ImcWambXv.
Cu Imcy¯nepw kvYmbnbmbn ]cnian¨p sIm≠ncn¡Ww.
temI¯v AXv hmbn¨v Bt£]§Ä Dbcp¶ Øe§fn
seÃmw AXv kaÀ¸n¡pIbpw adp]Sn \ÂIpIbpw thWw.
F¶m U·mÀ¡n asämcp Nn´ IqSnbp≠v., AXmbXv,
Nne apkvenwIÄ R§fp≠m¡m¯ tamiw ImÀ«qWpIÄ
ImWn¨v apkvenw temIs¯ Cf¡m³ ian¡p¶psh¶mWv
AhÀ ]dbp¶Xv. CXv sXämtWm icnbmtWm F¶dnbnÃ.
]t£ \½psS kXzc i² ImcWw GXmbepw AhÀ¡v
Imcy§Ä t_m[ys¸«n«p≠v. CXv B kab¯v Xs¶ XpS
§nbncp¶XmWv. ChÀ Ct¸mÄ AdnªpXpS§p¶tX DÅq.
bYmÀY¯n CXv aq¶v amkw ap¼s¯ ImcyamWv.
Rm³ ]dªp h¶Xpt]mse FÃm cmPy¯pw \_nNcnX
¯nsâ `mK§Ä ]IminXamt¡≠ Bhiyap≠v. ]tXyIn
¨pw Ckvemans\ ]än bp²`m´pÅhcmsW¶ Nn´sb
sXfnhpIÄ klnXw JWvUnt¡≠Xv \½psS ISabmWv.
]X§fn A[nIambn FgpXm³ Rm³ t\ct¯bpw ]d
ªncp¶p. ]X §Ä¡pw teJI·mÀ¡pw \_n NcnX¯nsâ
]pkvXI§fpw Ab¨psImSp¡mhp¶XmWv.
AlvaZo bphm¡Ä
]X]hÀ¯\¯nte¡v Cd§Ww
PamA¯pIÄ ¹m³ sNt¿≠ hcpw Imet¯¡pÅ Hcp
\nÀt±iw, PÀWenk¯n XmÂ]cyapÅ bphm¡Ä IqSpX
embn AXnte¡v t]mIWsa¶mWv. A§s\ ]X§Ä¡pÅn
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
27
epw Cu Øe§fnepw AhcpsS IqsS \ap¡v ]thin¡m³
Ignbp¶XmWv. ImcWw Cu \o¡§Ä IqsS¡qsS D≠mbn
s¡m≠ncn¡pw. am[ya§fpambn IqSpXÂ hnimeamb _Ôw
Ds≠¦nte Cu Imcy§tfbpw C¯cw tamiamb \o¡§tf
bpw XSbm³ Ignbq. ]nt¶bpw Bsc¦nepw A]acymZ ImWn
¨m AhÀ Cu temI¯pw ]ctemI¯pw AÃmlp i]n¨h
cpsS Iq«¯n Bbncn¡pw. ]dbp¶p:
AÃm-lp-hn-t\bpw Ahsâ ZqX-t\bpw iey-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-h-
cmtcm \nÝ-b-ambpw Ahsc AÃmlp Cl-¯nepw ]c-¯nepw
i]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AhÀ¡v A]-am-\-I-c-amb in£ Ah³ Hcp-
¡n-sh¡pIbpw sNbvXn-«p-≠v. (33:58)
Cu IÂ]\ Ahkm\n¨n«nÃ. \½psS \_n(k) Poh ]
hmNI\mWv. Xncp\_nbpsS A²ym]\§Ä Ft¸mgpw Poh
ZmbIamb A²ym]\§fmWv. AhnSs¯ icoA¯v FÃm
ImeL«¯ntebpw ]iv\§Ä ]cnlcn¡p¶ \ymb]amW
amWv. Xncp\_nsb ]n³]äp¶Xp sIm≠v ssZhkmao]yw e`y
amIp¶p. AXpsIm≠v Cu _p²nap«pIfnepw, Xncp\_nsb
AwKoIcn¡p¶sc _p²nap«n¨psIm≠ncn¡p¶Xnepw GsX
¦nepw hnt[\ C¶v (ta JpÀB\nIkm£yw.. hnh) ]qÀ¯n
bmbns¡m≠ncn¡p¶p. AÃmlp Pohn¨ncn¡p¶h\mWv,
Fs´Ãmw \o¡§fmWv \S¶psIm≠ncn¡p¶sX¶v Ah³
ImWp¶p≠v.
Npcp¡¯n temIs¯ Adnbnt¡≠Xv \½psS ISabmWv.
\n§Ä ieys¸Sp¯p¶Xn\pw _p²nap«n¡p¶Xn\pw \n§sf
in£n¡m³ C¶pw AÃmlphn\v sI¸p≠ v. AXpsIm≠ v
AÃmlphnt\bpw dkqent\bpw ieys¸Sp¯p¶Xn \n¶v ]n·m
dpI F¶v \ap¡v temIt¯mSv ]dtb≠nbncn¡p¶p. F¶mÂ
Ckvemansâ A²ym]\t¯bpw Xncp\_nbpsS amXrItbbpw
Ipdn¨v temIt¯mSv ]dbp¶nS¯v \½psS IÀa§fpw \ap¡v
28 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
\¶mt¡≠n hcpw. ImcWw \½psS IÀa§fmWv temIs¯
\ncp²I¬Tcm¡pI. AXp Xs¶bmWv temI¯nsâ hmbS
¸n¡m³ kp][m\ ]¦phln¡pI. Rm³ ]dªXp t]mse,
dnt¸mÀ«n Hcp apkvenw ]¬UnXs\¡pdn v ap\m^nJ¯nsâ
(Im]Sy¯nsâ) Btcm]Wap≠mbncn¡p¶p. R§tfmSv H¶v
]dbpIbpw AhnsS t]mbn asäm¶v sN¿pIbpw P\§sf
Cf¡nhnSpIbpw sN¿p¶p. Rm³ B dnt¸mÀ«v hmbn¨n«nÃ.
\ap¡v \½psS AIhpw ]pdhpw hm¡pw ]hÀ¯nbpw H¶m
¡ns¡m≠v Cu IÀaamXrI ImWnt¡≠nbncn¡p¶p.
]XmI I¯n¨psImt≠m \mi\jvS§Ä
D≠m¡ns¡mt≠m Xncp\_n(k)sâ
A´Êv Øm]n¡m³ km²yaÃ
AlvaZnItfm inB¡tfm kp¶nItfm atäsX¦nepw I£n
bpambn _ÔapÅhtcm F¶Xv ]cnKWn¡msX Rm³, apkv
enwIsf¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶htcmSv A`yÀYn¡pIbmWv, Xncp
\_n(k)sâ hyànXz¯n\p ta BIaWap≠mIpt¼mÄ,
ss\anjnI Bthi¯n\pw ]XmI I¯n¡p¶Xn\pw \mi \
jvS§fp≠m¡p¶Xn\pw Fw_knIÄ¡v Xo sh¡p¶Xn\pw
]Icw X§fpsS IÀa§Ä \¶m¡pI, A\yÀ¡v hncÂ
Nq≠m³ Ahkcw Xs¶ e`n¡cpXv. ChÀ Xo sh¨psIm≠v
a\Ênem¡p¶Xv Xncp\_n(k)sâ A´Êpw Øm\hpw
CXamXta DÅqsh¶mtWm, AXmbXv ]XmItbm GsX
¦nepw \bX´Imcymeb¯nse kmaKnItfm I¯n¨psIm
≠ v ]Icw ho«nsb¶mtWm? CÃ, R§Ä Xo AW¡m³
h¶ ]hmNIsâ A\pbmbnIfmWv. B almXvamhv kvt\l
¯nsâ hàmhmbn«mbncp¶p h¶Xv, kam[m\¯nsâ cmP
Ipamc\mbncp¶p. BbXn\m Fs´¦nepw cq£amb \o¡
§Ä¡v ]Icw temI¯n\p Xncp\_n(k)sâ at\mlcamb
A²ym]\sf¡pdn v t_m²ys¸Sp¯pIbpw ]dªpsImSp¡p
Ibpw sN¿pI.
AÃmlp apkvenwIÄ¡v _p²nbpw hnthIhpw \ÂIpamdm
Is«. Rm³ AlvaZnItfmSv ]dbpIbmWv, AhÀ¡v _p²nbpw
hnthIhpw hcptam CÃtbm F¶dnbnÃ, ]t£ \n§fnse
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
29
Hmtcm Ip«nbpw hr²\pw bphmhpw Hmtcm kvXobpw ]pcpj\pw
\nµmhlamb ImÀ«q¬ ]kn²oIcn¨Xn ]Xntj[sat¶m
Ww X§sf Hcn¡epw AWbm¯ Xo I¯n¡p¶hcn DÄ
s¸Sp¯pI. AXv Hcn¡epw GsX¦nepw cmPy¯nsâ ]Xm
Itbm kz¯p¡tfm I¯n¡p¶ XobmIcpXv. AXv \nanj§
Ä¡pÅnÂ, aWn¡qdpIÄ¡pÅn AWbp¶XmWv. Ct¸mÄ
P\§Ä hfsc Bthi]qÀhw \n¡pIbmWv (]m¡nØm
\nse Hcp t^mt«m D≠mbncp¶p) hensbmcp bp²w sN¿p¶
]XoXnbn Xo sh¡pIbmWv. Cu Xo A©p an\nän\pÅnÂ
AWbp¶XmWv. \½psS Xo Fs¶¶pw \ne\n¡p¶ Xobm
bncn¡Ww. AXv dkq Xncpta\n(k) t\mSpÅ A\pcànbp
tSbpw kvt\l¯ntâbpw XobmWv. AXv Xncp\_n(k) sâ
amXrIsb kzmb¯am¡pIbpw temI¯n\v ImWn¨psImSp
¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ Xobmbncn¡Ww. AXv \n§fpsS lrZb§
fnepw s\©I§fnepw I¯pIbpw I¯ns¡m≠ncn¡pIbpw
thWw. Cu AKv\n]mÀY\Ifmbn cq]m´cs¸SpIbpw AXn
sâ PzmeIÄ Ft¸mgpw hm\temIs¯¯pIbpw thWw.
thZ\Isf ]mÀY\Ifm¡n amäpI,
Xncp\_n(k)\p taÂ
AXy[nIw kzem¯v sNmÃpI
Npcp¡¯n Cu AKv\nbmWv Hmtcm AlvaZnbpw X§fpsS
lrZb¯n sImfpt¯≠Xv. X§fpsS Zp:J§sf ]mÀ Y\
Ifm¡n amäWw. AXn\pÅ amÀKhpw dkq Xncpta\n(k)
Xs¶bmWv. X§fpsS ]mÀY\IÄ kzoIrXamIp¶Xn\pw
ssZhkvt\ls¯ BIÀjn¡p¶Xn\pw temI¯nse A\m
hiy§fn \n¶v c£s¸Sp¶Xn\pw C¯c¯nepÅ Ipg
¸§Ä D≠mIpt¼mÄ AXn \n¶v X§sf kpc£nXamIp
¶Xn\pw Xncp\_n(k)t\mSpÅ kvt\lw lrZb§fn Pzen
¨psIm≠ncn¡p¶Xn\pw X§fpsS Cl]ctemI§Ä \¶m
¡p¶Xn\pw \_nXncpta\n(k)\p ta F®aä kzem¯v
sNmtÃ≠XmWv, AXy[nIambn kzem¯v sNmtÃ≠XmWv.
Cu Ipg¸w \ndª ImeL«¯n X§sf dkqÂXncp
30 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
ta\n(k)t\mSpÅ kvt\l¯n \naKv\am¡n sh¡p¶Xn\pw
X§fpsS XeapdIsf Ckvemw AlvaZn¿¯n \ne\nÀ¯p¶
Xn\pw FÃm AlvaZnIfpw AÃmlphnsâ Cu BÚsb
iàambn ]ment¡≠XmWv;
hnizm-kn-Itf! \n§fpw Xncp\_n¡v ta A\p-K-lhpw
kam-[m-\hpw t\cp-hn³. AÃm-lphpw Ahsâ ae-¡p-Ifpw
\_n¡v A\p-K-l-§Ä Biw-kn-¡p-¶p. (33:57)
\_n(k) Hcn¡Â ]dªp, adn¨v CXnsâ Hcp]mSv D²
cWnIfp≠v. AÃmlphntâbpw ae¡pIfptSbpw A\pKlmin
kpIÄ Xs¶ F\n¡v aXnbmbXmWv. \n§tfmSpÅ I¸\
\n§Ä kpc£nXcmbncn¡p¶Xn\p th≠nbmWv. (X^vkoÀ
ZpÀsd a³kqÀ D²rXw: XÀKo_v Akzv lm\n, apkv\Zv Zbven
D²rXw: ZpdqZv ico^v, t]Pv: 158, tImUoIcWw: auem\m
apl½Zv CkvamCu lemÂ]qcn, ]pXnb ]Xn¸v)
\ap¡v \½psS ]mÀY\IfpsS kzoImcy¯n\v Cu kzem v
A\nhmcyamWv. Cu Bb¯ntâbpw lZokntâbpw BZy`mKw
\ÂIp¶ Pmayw, ChÀ Xncp\_n(k)sâ Øm\w CIgv m\pw
]cnlkn¡m\pw FX ian¨mepw AÃmlphpw Ahsâ
ae¡pIfpw Xncp\_n(k)\p ta kam[m\w Biwkn ¡p¶p,
kam[m\¯n\pÅ AhcpsS BinkpIÄ ImcWw FXncmfn
IÄ¡v Hcn¡epw hnPbn¡m³ km²yaÃ. \_n(k)sâ ]cn
ip² hyànXz¯n\p ta BIaWw \S¯ns¡m≠v AhÀ¡v
H¶pw t\Sm\pw km²yaÃ. C³im AÃmlv, Ckvemw ]ptcm
KXn ]m]n¡pIbpw temI¯v hnPbn¡pIbpw temI¯v apgp
h³ dkq Xncpta\n(k)sâ ]XmI ]d¯p¶XpamWv.
Rm³ ]dªp h¶Xp t]mse C¡meL«¯n Xncp\_n(k)
bpsS kXykÔ\mb t]an lZvd v akolv auDuZv(A) aptJ
\bmWv AÃmlp CXv hn[n¨n«pÅXv.
lZvd v auem\m AÐp Icow kmln_v knbmÂtIm«nbpsS
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
31
Hcp D²cWnbp≠v. At±lw ]dbp¶p; Hcn¡Â Rm³ lZvd v
Camw(A) Â \n¶v tI«XmWv. B almXvamhv (A) ]dbp
Ibp≠mbn: kzem¯nsâ A\pKlhpw B[nIyhpw ImcW
amWv AÃmlp F\n¡v Cu Øm\w \ÂInbXv. ]dbpIbmWv;
AÃmlphnsâ A\pKl§Ä AXv`pXmhlamb ]Imicq]
¯n Xncp\_n(k)sâ `mKt¯¡v t]mIp¶Xmbn Rm³
ImWp¶p. AXv AhnsSt¸mbn dkq Icow(k)sâ s\©nte¡v
BIÀjn¡s¸Sp¶p. AhnsS \n¶v ]pds¸«v AXnsâ Akw
Jyw NmepIÄ D≠mIp¶p. ]ns¶ In«m³ hn[n¨n«pÅ `mKw
Hmtcm AÀlXs¸«hÀ¡pw F¯p¶p. XoÀ¨bmbpw Hcp A\p
Klhpw \_nXncpta\n(k) aptJ\bÃmsX Bcnte¡pw
F¯m³ km²yaÃ.
]dbp¶p: kzem¯v F´mWv? AXv ]Imi [mcIÄ \nÀK
an¡p¶ dkq Xncpta\n(k)sâ AÀins\ ]I¼\w sIm
Ån¡pIbmWv. AÃmlphnsâ A\pKlhpw ImcpWyhpw Ic
Øam¡m³ BKln¡p¶hÀ B A\pKls¯ ]tNm
Zn¸n¡m³ A[nIambn kzem v sNmtÃ≠Xv A\nhmcyamWv.
(AÂlIw ]Xw `mKw:7, e¡w:8, t]Pv:7, 28/02/1903)
ImeL«¯nsâ Ipg¸§fn \n¶v c£s¸Sp¶Xn\pw
Xncp\_n(k)t\mSpÅ kvt\lw lrZb§fn Øm]n¡p
¶Xn\pw AhnS¶v sIm≠ph¶ A²ym]\§Ä temI¯v ]c
¯p¶Xn\pw Xncp\_n(k)\v ta kzem¯v sNmÃns¡m≠pw
AÃmlphnte¡v Ip\nªp sIm≠pw Aht\mSv klmba`y
ÀYn¨p sIm≠pw Ahsâ A\pKlminkpIfpsS AhIminIfm
Im³ \s½ AÃmlp XpW¡pamdmIs«. AÃmlp \s½ klm
bn¡pamdmIs«.
JpXzv_
10.2.2006
_bvXp ^pXq-lv, e≠³
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
33
JpXv_ PpapA 17.02.2006
akvPnZv _bvØp¬ ^pXqlv, e≠≥, bp.sI.
• Xncp\_n(k)sb \nc¥cw A]lkn°p∂Xpw AXv
XpS¿®bmbn, \n¿e÷w sNbvXpsIm≠ncn°p∂Xpw
icnbmsW∂v hmin ]nSn°p∂Xpw ssZh-tIm]w
D±o]n∏n°m≥ \naØam-bn-Øo-cp-∂XmWv.
• temIØp D≠mbn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Cu `qI-ºßfpw
sImSp-¶m‰pIfpw hn]-Øp-Ifpw Gjy-bv°p-th≠n amXw
\nPs∏SpØn-bn--´p≈-X√. bqtdm∏n\pw Ata-cn°°pw ap∂dnbn∏v
\¬Inbn´p≠v. BbXn\m¬ ssZhsØ `b-s∏-Sp-I.
ssZhØns‚ A`n-am-\sØ sh√phnfns°m√!
• Xs‚ ]nb-s∏-´-hcpsS A`n-am-\w-Im-°p∂ A√mlp
Xs‚ DK]Xm]Øn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-Sm\pw Ign-hp-≈h-\m-Wv.
• apkvenw cmjvSßfpw As√¶n¬ apkvenw-I-sf∂v
]db-s∏-Sp-∂-hcpw XßfpsS \ne]mSpIƒ icnbmt°≠XmWv.
Xncp\_n(-k)bpsS ÿm-\hpw kuµ-cyhpw
temI-Øn\p ap∂n¬ ka¿∏nt°≠XmWv.
• C∂v apkvenw-Iƒ°v amXa√ temIØn\p apgph\pw
icnbmb Znimt_m[w \¬Im≥ A√mlp Xs‚
]nb \_n(k)s‚ kXyk‘\mb t]ansb Ab-®n-cn-°p∂p.
At±lsØ Xncn-®-dn-bp-I. At±-l-sØ A\pKan°pI.
• Ckvem-ans‚ ]uVnbpw ]Xm]hpw ]p\-cp-÷o-hn-∏n-t°-≠Xpw
Xncp\_n(k)s‚ ]cn-ip-≤n-\ne\n¿tØ≠Xpw ÿm]nt°≠Xpw
alvZo ako-ln-s‚ Pam-AØp Xs∂-bm-Wv. C≥im-A√m-lv.
• Hmtcm aX°mcptSbpw A≤ym]\a\pkcn®v htc≠bmƒ
h∂ncn°p∂psh∂v AlvaZnIƒ XßfpsS hrµØn¬
Hmtcm aX°mtcmSpw ]dtb≠XmWv.
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
35
Ign™ sh≈n-bm-gvN JpXz-v_-bn¬, AXn-\p-apºv \¬Inb
c≠v JpXz-v_Ifnse hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn-®p- NneXv ]d-bWsa∂m-
K-ln-®ncp-∂p. ]t£, Nne ]m›m-Xy-]-X-߃ A\`ejWob
hpw A\mhiyhp-amb \o°-߃ \SØp-Ibpw AXp ImcWw
apkvenw-tem-IØv ZpxJ-Øn-t‚bpw tIm]-Øn-t‚bpw Hcp XcwK
ap≠mhpIbpw ]Xn-tj[w shfns∏Sp-Ibpw sNbvXncn°p∂p.
Cu kµ¿`Øn¬ \ΩpsS s]cpam‰w Fßs\bmbncn°W
sa∂v Alva-Zn-Iƒ°pw t_m[yw hcp∂Xn\p -th≠n AtX°p-
dn®v A¬]w ]d-tb-≠Xv A\nhmcyamsW∂v Rm≥ IcpXn.
A√mlphns‚ A\p-K-l-Øm¬ AtX∏‰n Adnbmsa¶nepw
]t£, Hm¿an-∏n-t°≠Xv Bh-iyamWv. amXa√ CØcw Ah
kc-ß-fn¬ Hcp apkven-ans‚ icn-bmb ]Xn-I-cWw F¥m-
sW∂v temIhpw a\nem°s´.
a‰p≈hcpsS hnImcsØs°m≠v Ifn°p∂Xv
P\m[n]Xytam BhnjvImc kzmX¥ytam A√
Hcp- a-X-Øn-t‚bpw hcnjvTmXvam°sf°p-dn-®p≈ A\`ejWo-
b A`n]mb ]IS\ßsfm∂pw Xs∂ Hcp hn[Ønepw Bhn-
jvImc kzmX-¥y-Øn-s‚ KWØn¬ Dƒs∏SpIbns√∂pw P\m
-[n-]-Xy-Ønt‚bpw Bhn-jvIm-c-kzmX¥yØn-t‚bpw Nmºy-·m-
cm-bn a‰p-≈h-cpsS hnIm-c-ßsfs°m≠v -I-fn-°p∂-Xv P\m-[n-]-
Xy-tam Bhn-jvIm-c-kzm-X-¥ytam As√∂pw \mw temItØmSv
]dbs´. Hmtcm Imcy-Øn\pw Hcp ]cn-[n-bp-≠v. Nne [m¿an-I
\nba-ß-fp-ap≠v. Hmtcm sXmgn-en\pw [m¿an-I-amb \nba-ß
fp≈Xp t]mseØs∂ ]X]h¿Ø\Øn\pw [m¿anI\nb
aßfp≠v. AXpt]mse GXpXcw c-W-Iq-Sambmepw AXn\pw
36 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
\nb-a-ßfpw hyhÿIfp-ap-≠v. A`n]mbkzmX¥yw F∂-
Xns‚ hnh£ Hcn°epw a‰p-≈h-cpsS hnIm-c-ßsfs°m≠v
-I-fn-°p-Ibpw Ah-sc- _p≤nap´n°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂-X-√.
CXmWv kzmX¥ysa¶n¬, CXnemWv ]m›m-Xy¿°v A`n-am-\
sa-¶n¬ Cu kzmX¥yw ]ptcmKXnbn-te°v \bn°p-∂-X√. adn
-®v CXv A[x-]-X-\-Øn-te°v \bn°p∂ kzmX-¥y-am-Wv.
Xncp\_n(k)sb \nc¥cw A]lkn°p∂Xv
ssZh-tIm]w D±o]n∏n°p∂XmWv.
]m›m-Xy-¿ AXnioLw aXsØ Dt]-£n-®p-sIm≠v kzmX
-¥yØns‚ t]cn¬ F√mcwKØpw [m¿an-I aqey-ßsf Nhn
´nsaXn°p-I-bm-Wv. Fß-s\-bmWv kz¥w \misØ £Wn-®p-h-
cp-Øp-∂-sX∂v Ah¿°v a\nemhp∂n√. Ct∏mƒ C‰en-bn-se
Hcp a¥n ]pXnsbmcp hg°n\v Bcw`w Ipdn®ncn°p∂p. Cbmƒ
B A\mhiyhpw hrØn-sI-´-Xp-amb Im¿´q¨ So j¿´n¬ ]n
‚ v sNbvXv [cn°m≥ XpS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. a‰p-≈h-tcmSv AXv
hmßm\pw Bhiys∏Sp-∂p. AhnsS hn¬°p∂Xmbpw tI´p.
CXp Xs∂bmWv apkvenw-Iƒ°p≈ NnIn’sb∂mWv ]d
bp-∂Xv. Hcp-Imcyw Ah¿ a\-n-em-t°≠nbncn°p∂p, CXv
apkvenw-Iƒ°p≈ NnIn-’bmtWm A√tbm F∂v R߃°-
dn-bn√; F∂m¬, CØcw \o°ßƒ Xo¿®-bmbpw ssZh-tIm
]w D±o]n∏n°m≥ \naØam-bn-Øo-cp-∂XmWv. FXm-bmepw
hnhct°Sv sIm≠v kw`hn°m\p≈Xv kw`-hn-®p. ]t£, AXv
XpS¿®bmbn, \n¿e÷w sNøp∂Xpw X߃ sNbvXpsIm
≠ncn°p∂Xv icnbmsW∂v hmin]nSn°p∂Xpw Xo¿®bmbpw
A√mlphns‚ tIm]sØ D±o]n∏n°p∂XmWv.
AlvaZnIfpsS ]XnIcWw
Rm≥ ]d™Xpt]mse a‰p apkvenw-I-fpsS ]Xn-I-cWw AXv
AhcpsS ImcyamWv, F∂m¬ Hcp AlvaZnapkven-ans‚ ]Xn
-I-c-Ww, Ah¿°v a\-n-em-°n-s°m-SpØp-sIm≠pw ssZhtIm]
-sØ-sXm´v `b-s∏-SpØns°m≠pw Xncp\_n(-k)bpsS at\m
-l-c-amb NnXw temI-Øn\p ap∂n¬ ka¿∏n®p-sIm≠pw
k¿hi-‡\pw Ign-hp-Sbh\pamb ssZhØns‚ ap∂n¬ Ip\n
™psIm≠pw Ah-t\mSv klmbw A`y¿Yn®psIm≠pambn
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
37
cn°Ww. Ch¿ in£-bn-te-°p-X-s∂-bmWv Kan°p-∂-sX-¶n¬,
Xs‚ ]nb-s∏-´-hcpsS A`n-am-\w-Im-°p∂ A√mlp Xs‚ DK
]Xm]Øn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-Sm\pw Ign-hp-≈h-\m-Wv. Ah≥ kI
e-i-‡n-I-fp-tSbpw A[n-]\m-Wv. Ah≥ a\p-jy≥ D≠m°nb \n
b-a-߃°v hnt[-b-\√. Ah≥ F√m ImcyØn\pw Ignhp≈h-
\m-Wv. Ahs‚ B´p-I√v ]h¿Øn-°ptºmƒ, a\pjys‚ Nn¥
Iƒ°v AXns\ hebw sNøm≥ km≤ya√. ]ns∂ AXn¬ \n
∂v B¿°pw c£-s∏-Sm\pw Ignbn√.
Alva-Zn-Iƒ, ]m›m-XycpsS AYhm Nne -cmPyßfpsS - Cu
\ne]mSv ImWp-tºmƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ khn[Øn¬ IqSp-X¬
Ip\n-tb-≠-Xm-Wv. A√m-lp-hns‚ akolv bqtdm-∏n\pw Ata-
cn-°°pw Xm°oXv \evIn-bn´p≠v. temIØp D≠mbn-s°m-
≠n-cn-°p∂ Cu `qI-ºßfpw sImSp-¶m‰pIfpw hn]-Øp-Ifpw
Gjy-bv°p-th≠n amXw \nPs∏SpØn-bn--´p≈-X√. Ata-cn°
AXns‚ Hcp kv^pcWw I≠XmWv. A√tbm bqtdmt∏! \o
bpw kpc£nXa√. BbXn\m¬ ssZhsØ `b-s∏-Sp-I.
ssZhØns‚ A`n-am-\sØ sh√phnfns°m√! AtXm-sSm∏w
Rm≥ ]d-b-s´, apkvenw cmjvSßfpw As√¶n¬ apkvenw-I-sf∂v
]db-s∏-Sp-∂-hcpw XßfpsS \ne]mSpIƒ icnbmt°≠XmWv.
Xncp\_n(-k)bpsS ÿm-\hpw kuµ-cyhpw temI-Øn\p ap∂n
¬ ka¿∏n®psIm≠pw hy‡am°ns°m≠pw \ne]mSpw ]Xn-
tj-[hpw ]I-Sn-∏n-t°≠XmWv. Hcp kXy-hn-izmknbptSXmbn
D≠mtI≠ icn-bmb ]Xn-I-c-WamWv CXv.
Ckvemans‚ ]uVnbpw ]Xm]hpw
Xncp\_n(k)s‚ ]cnip≤nbpw
alvZo akolns‚ PamAØmWv ÿm]n°pI.
C∂v D≠mbns°m-≠n-cn°p∂ Nne \o°ßƒ, kzcmPyØn
se P\-ßsf sIm√p-Ibpw kz¥w kzØp-°ƒ AKv\n°nc
bm°pIbpw sNøp∂Xv GXv Ckvem-ans‚ ]Xn-I-c-W-am-Wv.
Ckvemw A\y-k-aq-lßfpambp≈ FXn¿∏n¬t]mepw, \oXn-
bpw \ymbhpw ssIsbmgnbm≥ A\p-h-Zn°p-∂n-√. _p≤n]q
¿hw \oßm\mWv Iev]n-°p-∂-Xv. F∂ncns°, ]m°n-ÿm-\n
epw a‰p Ckvem-an-I- cmPyßfnepw- \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂tXm?
38 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
Ckvem-an-I- cmPyßfnse A\y-cmPy°m-cpsS I®hS߃t°m
ÿm\]Xn Imcymeb߃t°m \jvSw hcpØp∂Xv As√¶n¬
kz¥w BfpIƒ°v \jvS-ap-≠m°p-∂- ]h¿Ø\߃ Ckvem-
an\v NoØ-t∏-cp-≠m°pIb√msX as‰m∂pa√. Npcp°Øn¬
apkvenwIƒ, apkvenw kmam\y P\߃ Cu hgn]ng® Deam
°tfbpw t\Xm°∑mtcbpw A\pKan°p∂Xn\p ]Icw, Ah-
cpsS ]n∂mse \oßn Cu-tem-Ihpw ]c-tem-Ihpw \jvSs∏-Sp
-Øp-∂-Xn\p ]Icw _p≤n-]q¿hw ]h¿Øn-t°≠XmWv. C∂v
apkvenw-Iƒ°v amXa√ temIØn\p apgph\pw icnbmb Znim
t_m[w \¬Im≥ A√mlp Xs‚ ]nb \_n(k)s‚ kXy
k‘\mb t]ansb Ab-®n-cn-°p∂p. At±lsØ Xncn-®-dn-bp-I.
At±-l-sØ A\pKan°pI. temI-Øns‚ kap≤mc-W-Øn\pw
temIØp \_nXncp-ta-\n-(-k)bpsS ]XmI \m´p-∂-Xn\pw
th≠n Cu alvZn- akolns‚ Pam-A-Øn¬ `mK`m°mIp-I. \
sΩ Xncp\_n(-k)bpsS kp∂-Øn¬ \S°m\pw \SØm\pw
as‰mcp am¿K-Øn\pw as‰mcp am¿KZ¿iI\pw km[y-a-√. Ckv
em-ans‚ ]uVnbpw ]Xm]hpw ]p\-cp-÷o-hn-∏n-t°-≠Xpw
Xncp\_n(k)s‚ ]cn-ip-≤n-\ne\n¿tØ≠Xpw ÿm]nt°≠
Xpw alvZo ako-ln-s‚ Pam-AØp Xs∂-bm-Wv. C≥im-A√m-lv.
akolns‚ BKa\w sIm≠p≈ bYm¿Y hnh£bpw
alvZo akolns‚ Nne ]h¿Ø\ßfpw
At±lØns‚ kXykm£yØn\p≈ Nne sXfnhpIfpw
Npcp°Øn¬ F√m-hcpw, apkvenw-I-sf∂v ]dbs∏Sp∂hcpw
CtX°p-dn®v Nn¥n-t°≠-Xm-Wv. \mw Imcy-߃ t_m≤ys∏
SpØp-Ibpw thWw. htc-≠ akolv Ct∏mƒ h∂n-´n-√, As√
¶n¬ At±lw C∂ ÿeØmWv Cd-ßpI, alvZn C∂ ÿe
-ØmWv htc-≠-Xv XpS-ßnb, \ma-amX]WvUn-X-·mcpsS N¿
®Ifnte°v t]mtI≠Xn√. bYm¿YØn¬ Ch¿ ka¿∏n°p∂
Cu ho£-W-w Hcp lZoYv a\-n-em-°m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv.
Cu \nth-Z-\w lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) Cßs\bmWv
ka¿∏n°p∂Xv: lZo-kp-I-ƒ hy‡ambpw ¢n]vXambpw akolv
C_v\p a¿bw BIm-i-Øp-\n-∂n-d-ßp-sa∂pw Zna-ivJn∂p Ing-
°p-`m-K-Øp≈ sh≈ an\m-c-Øn-∂-Sp-ØmWn-dtß≠sX∂pw
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
39
c≠v ae-°p-I-fpsS Npa-en¬ At±lØns‚ ssI D-≠m-bn-
cn°psa∂pw ]dbp∂p. Cu hy‡-hpw hniZhpamb hnhc-
WsØ Fßs\ \ntj-[n°psa∂v -]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ (AXm
bXv hy‡hpw hniZhpamb hnhcWamWv, CXns\ Fßs\
\ncmIcn°m≥ Ignbpw F∂v Ch¿ ]dbp∂p. AXn-\p≈ adp-]
Snbn¬ At±lw ]dbp∂p:) AXn\p≈ adp]Sn CXmWv, BIm-
i-Øp-\n∂v Cd-ßpI F∂v ]dbp∂Xv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ÿqe-
i-co-c-tØm-Sp-IqSn Cd-ßpsa∂Xn\v sXfnh√. am-X-a√ kzlo-
lmb lZo-kp-I-fn-¬- B-Im-iw F∂ ]Zhpan√. \pkq¬ F∂
]Zw- k¿hkm[mcWam-Wv. Hcp hy‡n Hcp ÿe-Øp-\n ∂v
]pd-s∏´v as‰mcp ÿe-Øp-t]mbn Xma-kn-°p-tºmƒ AXn\pw
B ÿeØv Cdßn F∂p ]d-bm-dp-≠v. C∂- ÿ-eØv ssk
\yw Cd-ßn-sb∂pw k∂≤kwLw Cd-ßn-sb∂pw ]d-bmdp
≠v. CXn¬ \n∂v ssk\yhpw k∂≤kwLhpw BImiØp
\n∂n-d-ßn-sb-∂mtWm a\n-em°s∏-tS-≠Xv? CXp amXa√,
A√mlp, hnip-≤-Jp¿B-\n¬ \_n Xncp-ta\n(k) BImiØp\n
∂n-d-ßsb∂v hy‡ambpw ]d™ncn°p∂p. IqSmsX as‰m
cp ÿeØv, Ccpºnt\bpw \mw BIm-i-Øp -\n-∂m-Wv Cd
°nbsX∂v ]d-™n´p≠v. Npcp°Øn¬ BImiØp \n∂p
≈ C-d-°w Cu P\߃ IcpXp∂Xp t]msebp≈ cq]Øn
epw mhØnepas√∂Xv hfsc kv]jvSamWv. (Ckme: Hulmw
dqlm\n JkmC≥ `mKw:3, t]Pv:132,133)
lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) ]dbp∂p: lZo-kp-Iƒ CXns‚
hni-Zo-I-cWw sIm≠v \nd™p-In-S-°p-∂p. P\߃°v hen b
Adnhn√, Deam°fmIs´ sX‰mb am¿KZ¿i\amWv \¬Ip
∂Xv. XpS¿∂v At±lw ]dbp∂p: “CXpsIm≠v Xs∂-bmWv
blq-Zn-Iƒ°pw A_≤w ]nW™Xpw Cukmsb kzoI
cn°mXncp∂Xpw.’’FXm-bmepw CXv hfsc hniZamb hnjbamWv. JpXz-v_-bn¬
hnhcn°m≥ km≤ya√. Ct∏mƒ Ah-ÿ-Iƒ amdn-h-cp-∂-Xn-\-
\p-k-cn®v, AlvaZn-Iƒ Cu Imcy߃ XßfpsS Np‰p-]mSpw
Xpd∂p]d-tb-≠-Xm-Wv. Aßs\, ku`mKyhm∑mcpw \√hcp
amb BfpIƒ c£-s∏Sp∂Xn\v Ahkcap≠mIp∂XmWv.
40 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
Hmtcm aX-Øn-t‚bpw A[ym-]-\-a-\p-k-cn®v htc-≠-bmƒ h∂p-
I-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Alva-Zn-Iƒ X¥mßfpsS hrµØn¬
F√m aX°m¿°pw hy‡am°ns°mSp°Ww.
lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) ]dbp∂p: “C\n Rm≥ A_q-
Zm-hqZv Xs‚ kznlmln(lZokv KŸØn)¬ FgpXnb lZokvv
A\phmNI¿°p- ap-ºn¬ ka¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v, AXns‚ km£yw
Bsc°pdn®msW∂Xnte°v i≤ £Wn°p-I-bm-Wv. CXv
A_qZmhqZnep≈ ]hN\amWv. lmcnkv F∂p-t]-cp≈ Hcp
hy‡n AXmbXv l¿dmkp am hdmD∂-lvdn¬ \n∂v AXm-bXv
ka-¿°µn¬ \n∂v ]pd-s∏-Spw. At±lw Xncp\_n(-k)-bpsS
IpSpw-_Øn\v i‡n ]I-cp∂XmWv.- A-t±-lsØ klm-bn°p
Ibpw ]n¥pW°pIbpw sNtø≠Xv F∂Xv Hmtcm hnizmkn°pw
A\nhmcyamWv. Cu ]h-N-\hpw, apkvenw-I-fn¬ \n∂v apkvenw-
Iƒ°v Cam-am-bn akolv hcp-sa-∂ ]h-N-\hpw, bYm¿YØn¬
Cu c≠v ]hN\ßfpw Htc hnjbamWv, c≠n-t‚bpw km
£m¬°mcw Cu hn\o-X≥ Xs∂-bm-sW∂v C¬lmw aptJ\
F\n°v shfns∏SpØnØ∂ncn°p∂p. ako-lv hcp-sa∂v ]h-
N-\Øns‚ khntij ASbmfßfpw bYm¿YØn¬ cs≠Æw
Xs∂bmWp≈Xv. H∂v, akolv hcp-tºmƒ apkvenw-I-fpsS B¥
-cn-I-amb Ahÿ? hfsc tami-am-bn- p-≠m-Ipw?. Xs‚ icn-bmb
A[ym-]\w aptJ\ \∂m°p-∂-Xm-Wv.” C-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v BZysØ JpXz-v_-Ifn¬ Rm≥ ]cma¿in®n- p-
≠v. Ch¿ kzbw kΩXn°p∂Xv, apkvenw-I-fpsS Ahÿ tami-
am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw GsX¶nepw Hcp ]cnjvI¿Ømhns\
BKln°p∂psh∂pamWv.
akolv auDuZv
JP\mhv hnXcWw sNøpsa∂Xns‚ hnh£.
]d-bp∂p: “Xs‚ icn-bmb A[ym-]\w aptJ\ \∂m°p-∂-
Xpw AhcpsS BXvaob ZmcnZyhpw AhcpsS B¥cnI IjvS
∏mSpw ]q¿W-ambpw C√mXm°ns°m≠v AdnhpIfptSbpw
hn⁄m\ßfptSbpw ssZh⁄m\Ønt‚bpw apØpIƒ Ah
¿°v ap∂n¬ sh°p∂XmWv.” AXm-bXv CXv `WvUmcß
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
41
fmWv. At±lw Ah¿°p ap∂n¬ BXvaob ⁄m\߃ hnh
cn®psImSp°pw. XpS¿∂v ]dbp∂p: “FXtØmfsa∂m¬ Ah¿
Cu kºØv hmßn-hmßn £oWn°p∂XmWv. Ah-cnse
Hcp kXym-t\z-jnbpw BXvao-b-ambn Zcn-Z\pw IjvSs∏Sp∂-h--
\p-ambn´p≠mhpIbn√. adn®v kXy-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ hni∏pw
Zml-hp-a-\p-k-cn®v Ah¿°v [mcmfw kXykm£yØns‚ ]
cn-ip-≤-amb Blmcw \¬Is∏Sp∂Xpw ssZh-⁄m-\-Øns‚
a[pcNjIw IpSn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.” AXm-b-Xv, kXy-Øn
s‚ Cu ]cn-ip-≤- Blm-cw, Ah¿°v e`yamIp-∂-Xm-Wv. icn-
bmb Ckvem-an-I ]mT߃ Ah¿°v In´p∂XmWv. hmKvZØ
akolv aptJ\ Xs∂bmWv Cu ssZh⁄m\Øns‚ a[pc
NjIw Ah¿°v IpSn-∏n-°s∏-SpI.]t£ Ch¿ ssZh⁄m-
\-Øns‚ NjIw IpSn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬, kwlmcmXv
aIhpw \mtim∑pJhpamb ]XnIcWØn\p ]Icw Ah¿
\n¿amWmXva-I-amb ]Xn-I-cWw ]ISn∏n°p-∂hcpw A√m-lp-
hns‚ ap∂n¬ Ip\n-bp-∂-h-cpam-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.
]dbp∂p: “kXy-⁄m\-ßfpsS apØp-Iƒ sIm≠v Ah-cp sS
k©n-Iƒ \nd-°s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.” Ckvem-ans‚ icn-bmb ⁄m
\w hnetbdnb hen-sbmcp `WvUmcam-Wv. cXv\߃ t]mse
-bm-Wv. AXp-ap-tJ\ Ah-cpsS `mWvU߃ \nd-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
“hnip-≤-Jp¿Bs‚ AI°mºns‚bpw A¥mcØnt‚bpw
AØ¿ \nd® Ip∏nIƒ Ah¿°v \evI-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. (hnip≤
Jp¿-Bs‚ Cu ]cnafw Ah¿°v e`n°p-∂-Xm-Wv.)
IpcnipS°p∂Xnt‚bpw
]∂nsbsIm√p∂Xnt‚bpw hnh£
ho≠pw ]dbp∂p: “c≠m-asØ khntij-amb AS-bm-fw,
hmKvZØ akolv h∂m¬ Ipcn-ins\ DS-bv°p-Ibpw ]∂nI
sf sIm√p-Ibpw H‰°-Æ-\mb Z÷m-ens\ h[n-°p-I-bpw, At±
-l-Øns‚ \nizm-k-ta-¬°p∂ Hmtcm Ahn-izm-kn-bpw DS≥
Xs∂ acn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw F∂-Xm-Wv. BXvao-b-amb \ne
bn¬ hnh£n°s∏´n´p≈ Cu AS-bm-f-Øns‚ bmYm¿Yyw
hkvXpX CXm-Wv; AXm-b-Xv, akolv temIØp h∂n´v Inkv
Xp-a-X-Øns‚ ]uVnbpw ]Xm-]hpw Xs‚ Im¬°ogn¬ Nhn
42 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
´nsaXn°p∂XmWv. ]∂nbptSXpt]mep≈ \n¿e÷bpw kq-
IcØns‚ \mWan√mbvabpw’’ (]∂n \n¿e÷ arKw Xs∂
bmWv) “hrØntISpIƒ `pPn°p∂Xpw aq¿®tbdnb sXfn-
hp-IfpsS Bbp[w sIm≠v C√mXm°p∂XmWv. `uXn-I-I-Æp-
Iƒ amXap≈ ]t£ BXvaob t\X߃ ]q¿Wambpw hn\
jvSambn, IÆn¬ Hcp hrØnsI´ ]mSv h∂ncn°pIbmWv” (AXmbXv- IÆn¬ Ipcp D≠mbncn°pIbmWv.) Ahsb Pm
÷zeyam\amb sXfn-hp-I-fpsS hmƒ sIm≠v (apdn°p∂ sX
fnhpIfpsS hmƒ sIm≠v) “Ip‰hmfnbmbn ]Jym]n®v Ah-
cpsS \ntj[mXvaI AkvXnXzsØ C√mXm°p∂XmWv.’’ Cu
sXfnhpIƒ sIm≠mWv apdn°pI. Aßs\ AhcpsS \nc
¿YI hmZßfpw AkvXnXzhpw \in∏n°m≥ Ignbp∂XmWv.
H‰°Æp≈ CØcw P\߃ amXa√ apl-ΩZo Zo\ns\ \n
mcambn ImWp∂ Hmtcm Ahnizmknbpw (\_nXncpta\n
(k) aXsØ XpNvOambn IcpXp∂h¿) “ako-lo-sX-fn-hp-I-
fpsS t]m÷ze-amb \nizmkw sIm≠v BXvao-b-am-bn sIm
√s∏Sp∂XmWv. (lZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A) BKXcmbn
sXfn-hp-Iƒ aptJ\ Ahsc h[n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.) “Npcp-°Øn¬
Cu F√m hmIy-ßfpw Be-¶m-cn-I-amb \nebnemWvv. AXv
F\n°v \√t]mse shfns∏SpØs∏´ncn°p∂p. C\n B¿s°-
¶nepw a\n-embmepw Cs√¶nepw ]t£ HSphn¬ Ipd®p
Imew IqSn ImØncp∂v XßfpsS ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-amb ]
Xo£-I-fn¬ lXmi-cm-bn- Hcp Znhkw F√mhcpw Cu `mK-
tØ°v Xncnbp∂-Xm-Wv.’’ (Ckmesb Hulmw, dqlm\n Jkm
bn≥ `mKw:3, t]Pv:141..143, ASn°pdn∏v)
Npcp°Øn¬ C∂v lZvdØv ako-lv auDuZv(-A) BWv
InkvXym-\n-Isf sh√phnfn®n´p≈Xv. InkvXp -a-Xw AXnthKw
]c°p∂Xv At±lamWv XS-p-Øp \n-dp-Øn-b-Xv. C¥y-bn¬ B
Im-e-L-´-Øn¬ Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v, e£°W°n\v apkvenw-
Iƒ, InkvXym\nIfmbns°m-≠n-cn°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. lZvdØv
ako-lv auDuZv(-A) Cu BI-a-WsØ ]Xntcm[n°pI amX-
a-√, Ckvem-ans‚ ]uVn ho≠pw kvYm]n°pIbpw sNbvXp.
]ns∂ B^n-°-bn¬ AlvaZnøm PamAØmWv InkvXob
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
43
apt∂-‰sØ sNdp°pIbp≠mbn. Ckvem-ans‚ at\m-l-c-am
b NnXw ]Z¿in-∏n-®p-sIm≠v Bbn-c°W°n\v, e£°W
°n\v InkvXobsc AlvaZoapkvenw-I-fm°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
CsX√mamWv lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) ImWn® ako ln
s‚ ]h¿Øn-Iƒ. A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-Øm¬ C∂p-htc
bpw At±lØns‚ A[ym-]-\-ßfpw sXfn-hp-I-fpambn Alv
aZnøm Pam-AØv, lrZ-b-ßsf AXnPbn®p sIm≠v _lp
ImXw apt∂dns°m≠ncn°p-I-bm-Wv. C≥im-A-√m-lv CXv
XpScp∂XmWv. lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) ]d-™Xp-t]m-
se, Hcp-\mƒ Ch¿ \ncm-i-cm-bn aS-ßp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ch-cpsS
NXn-bpw h©\bpw Fß-s\- C√mXm°msa∂Xn\p≈ hni-
Zo-Ic-W-am-Wn-Xv. ]∂n-sb sIm√pIbpw, Ipcn-ins\ DS-bv°p-
Ibpw sNøpsa∂Xns‚ hnh£bpw Z÷m-ep-ambn bp≤w
sNøpsa∂Xns‚ s]mcpfpw CXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv lZvdØv akolv
auDu-Zv(-A) hnhcn®n´p≈Xv.
Rm≥ ]d™Xp t]mse C∂pw Alva-Znøm Pam-AØp
Xs∂bmWv F√m ÿeØpw InkvXp--a-XsØ t\cn-Sp-∂Xv.
Ign™ -Zn-hkßfn¬ Hcp Sn.hn ]cn]mSnbn¬ Pnsbmbntem
G.B¿.ssh bntem CXpt]mep≈ Hcp Gjy≥ Snhn-bntem
A√ma Ckvdm¿ kmln_v ]dbp∂p: apkvenw Deam°ƒ ]m
ac∑mcmbncp∂p. Ah¿°v aX-]-c-amb Adnhv Xosc C√mbn
cp∂p. Jp¿-B-s‚ Adnhpap≠mbncp∂n√, ss__n-fn-s‚ Adn
-hpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. an¿km -Kpemw AlvaZv kmln_v JmZn-bm
\n Hcp ⁄m\nbm-bn-cp-∂p. ss__n-fn-t‚bpw a‰p aXß-fp-
tSbpw Adnhp≠mbncp∂p. AXp sIm≠p Xs∂ At±lw A∂v
InkvXym-\n-Isf t\cnSpIbpw Ahsc \ncp≤I¨Tcm°pIbpw
sNbvXp. At±-lØns‚ hm°pIfpsS kmcmwiw Gsd°psd C-Xp-
t]m-sebm-bn-cp-∂p. GXm-bm-epw, At±lw kΩXn°p∂Xv (lZv
dØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) kzbw ]d™Xp t]mse) aq¿®tbdnb,
i‡amb sXfn-hpIƒ aptJ\ Ahsc XnckvIcn®Xv lZvdØv
akolv auDu-Zv(-A) Bbncp∂psh∂mWv. lZvdØv an¿km
-Kpemw AlvaZv kmln_v JmZn-bm\n amXamWv InkvXp-a-X-
Øns‚ BIaWsØ sNdp°pIbpw apkvenw-Isf InkvXym\n
44 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
IfmIp∂Xn¬ \n∂v kwc£n°pIbpw sNbvXsX∂v At±lw
kΩ-Xn-°p∂p. XpS¿∂v At±lw Xs‚ Akw_‘amb hni-
Zo-I-cWßfmWv \evIp-∂Xv. lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)-s∂-
Xn-cnepw, AXmbXv At±lØn\v akolv BIm≥ km≤ya√
Fs∂ms° ]dbp∂p≠v. GXmbncp∂m-epw, InkvXp--a-X-Øn-s\-
Xnsc -\n-∂Xpw Ah-cpsS A[ym-]-\-ßsf sXfn-hp-Iƒ aptJ
\ XS-™Xpw Htcsbmcp tbm≤mhm-bn-cp∂psh∂pw At±lØn
s‚ t]cv lZvdØv an¿km-Kpemw AlvaZv JmZn-bm\n F∂msW
∂pw C∂v Ch¿ kΩXn°p∂p.
Npcp°Øn¬ Ch¿ C∂v kΩXn®mepw Cs√¶nepw lZv
dØv ako-lv auDuZv(-A) X∂ akoln sXfnhpIfmWv BWv
Z÷m-ens\ D∑q-e\w sNbvXsX∂pw B almXvamhv Xs∂-bm
-Wv hmKvZØ akosl∂pw Hcp Znhkw Ch¿°v AwKoIcnt°
≠Xmbn hcpw.
hmKvZØ ako-lv htc≠Xv apkvenw DΩØn¬ \n∂v
lZvdØv ako-lv auDuZv(-A) ]dbp∂p; “akolv _v\p a¿bw
BImiØp \n∂v c≠v ae°pIfpsS Npaen¬ ssIsh®psIm≠v
Cdßpsa∂ lZokns\ sX‰mbpw _mlyambpw FSpØXv Imc-
Ww apkvenw-Iƒ CXphtcbpw akolns\ ImØn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
CXns\ Iptd°qSn hy‡am°ns°m≠v AhcpsS Cu A¿Yw
sX‰m-sW∂v lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) lZokpsIm≠v
Xs∂ hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-´p≠v. At±lw ]d-bp∂p:
“Cu DΩ-Øn-t\mSp hmKvZm\w sNøs∏´ hcm\p≈ akolv
Cu DΩ-Øn¬\n-∂p≈ Hcp hy‡n-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Cu sXfn-hp-
Isf√mw km£ys∏SpØp∂p. _pJm-cn-bnepw apkven-anepap≈
lZokn¬ F∂pw F∂pw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p≠v.
AXns‚ A¿Yw, At±lw \nß-fpsS Cam-am-bn-cn°pw, \nß-
fn¬ \n∂mbncn°pw F∂m-Wv. Cu lZokv hcm\p≈ Cuksb
Ipdn-®m-Wv. At±lsØ ]cnNbs∏SpØptºmƒ Cu lZo-
kn¬ ]kvXpX hN\Øn\p aptº l°w(hn[n-I¿Øm-hv),
AZ¬(\oXn-am-≥) F∂v hntij-Wambn h∂n-´p-≠v. AXp-
sIm≠v Camw F∂ ]Zhpw At±-lsØ Ipdn®pXs∂-bm-Wv.
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
45
ChnsS an≥Ipw F∂ ]Zw sIm≠v kzlm-_-m°sfbmWv A`n
kwt_m-[\ sNbvXsX∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Hcp kwi-b-hp-an-√.
Ah¿ Xs∂bmbncp∂p kwt_m[nX¿. F∂m¬, Ah-cn¬
\n-∂mcpw Xs∂ hmKvZØ ako-lm-sW∂v hmZn-®n-´n-s√-∂Xv
kphnZ-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v an≥Ipw F∂ ]Zw sIm≠p-≈ hnh
£ A√m-lphns‚- ]°¬ klm-_-Øns‚ ÿm\Øp≈ hy‡n
bm-Wv.’’ AXmbXv A√mlphns‚ ]°¬ At±lw kzlm_m
°fpsS ]Xn\n[nbpw Ah-cpsS ÿm\-ØpamWv. “At±lsØ
Xmsg tN¿°p∂ hy‡amb Bb-Øn¬.. (AXm-b-Xv
) kzlm_m°fpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-bm°nbncn
°p∂p. F¥psIms≠∂m¬ At±lw dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k)-
bpsS BXvaob in£Ww kn≤n® BfmsW∂v Cu BbØv
hy‡am°p-∂p. Cu A¿Ya\pkcn®v At±lw kzlm-_m°fn¬
s]Sp∂p. Cu Bb-Øns‚ hniZoIcWØn\v lZo-kp-≠v.
hmKvZØ alvZn ako-ln\pth≠n khntijs∏SpØnb KpW
hntijWamWv ^m¿kn hw-i-P-\mb hy‡n-°v Nm¿Øs∏
´ncn°p∂Xv. AXmbXv `qan, hnizmkhpw XuloZpan√msX
Imenbmbn AI-a߃ sIm≠v \nd-™ncn°p∂p. ho≠pw AXn
s\ \oXn-sIm≠v \nd-bvt°-≠Xv CtX alvZn akolm-Wv. AXv
Rm\mIp∂p.’’ (Xplv^ tKmƒUhnb, dqlm\n Jkmbn≥
`mKw:17, t]Pv:114..115)
alvZnbpw akolpw Htc hy‡nbpsS c≠v \ma߃,
hmKvZØ akolv aXbp≤߃ C√mXm°pw
XpS¿∂v lZvdØv ako-lv auDuZv(-A) Iptd°qSn hniZo
Icn°p∂p≠v. ]dbp∂p; “lZokv “C_v\p-amP’ F∂ t]cn¬ hnJym-X-amb KŸØnepw lm°nans‚ KŸ-amb
apkvX-Z-d°nepw A\-kn-_v\p-am-en-°n¬ \n∂v \nth-Z\w sNø∏-
´ncn°p∂p. CXv apl-ΩZv _n≥ Jmen-Zv, Ahmw-_n≥km-en-
ln¬ \n∂pw Ahmw-_n≥ kmenlv lk≥_-kzcn-bn¬ \n∂pw
lk≥_-kcn A\-kn-_v\p-am-en-°n¬ \n∂pw A\-kn-_v\p-am-
46 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
enIv Xncp\_n-(k)¬ \n∂pw \nth-Z\w sNbvXncn°p∂p. Cu
lZo-kns‚ A¿Yw, Cuk-bpsS `mhØnepw ]IrXØnepw
coXnbnepw hcp∂ hy‡nb√msX as‰mcp alvZnbpw hcn-I-
bns√∂m-Wv. AXm-bXv At±lw Xs∂- hmKvZØ ako-lpw
alvZnbpw Bbncn°pw.
At±lw Cukm-\-_n(-A)-bpsS `m-h-Ønepw ]Ir-XØnepw
A[ym-]-\-co-Xn-bnepw hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, Xn∑tbmSv a’
cn°pIbpw bp≤w sNøp-I-bpan√. kwip-≤-amb amXr-Ibpw ssZ
hn-IZrjvSm¥ßfpambn k∑m¿Kw ]c-Øp-∂-XmWv. Cu lZo-
kns\ ]n¥pW®psIm≠mWv Camw _pJmcn Xs‚ kzlolv _p
Jmcnbn¬ lZokv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p≈Xv. AXnse hm°pIƒ
bf D¬l¿_ F∂mWv. B alvZn, At±-l-Øns‚ as‰mcp t]
cmWv akolv auDuZv, aX-]-c-amb bp≤-߃ ]q¿Wambpw Ah-
km-\n-∏n-°p∂XmWv. At±-l-Øns‚ D]tZiw, aX-Øn-\p-th≠n
bp≤w sNøcp-sX-∂pw adn®v aXm-[ym-]-\-ßsf kXy-Øns‚ ]
Im-ihpw [m¿anI-amb AXv p-XZrjvSm¥ßfpw ssZhnI kmao]y
Øns‚ AS-bm-f-ßfpw- aptJ\ ]c-ØWsa∂mbncn°pw. AXp
-sIm≠v Rm≥ kXy-w kXy-ambpw ]d-bp-∂p. Ct∏mƒ aX-Øn
-\p-th≠n bp≤w sNøpItbm bp≤w sNøp∂hsc ]n¥pW°p
Itbm cl-kyamtbm ]c-kyamtbm AØcw D]tZiw sIm-Sp-°p
Itbm a\n¬ AØcw BK-l-߃ sh®p-]p-e¿ØpItbm
sNøp∂bmƒ A√m-lp-hn-t\bpw dkq-en-t\bpw [n°cn°p-∂-
h-\m-Wv.’’ (apkvenwIƒ aXØns‚ t]cn¬ bp≤w sNøpIbm
sW¶n¬) “AhcpsS HkyØpIfpw ]cn[nIfpw ISaIfpw AXn
ewLn°pIbmWv sNøp∂Xv.’’ (lJoJØp¬ alvZn, dqlm\n
Jkmbn≥ `mKw:14, t]Pv:431,432)
C\n t\m°p-I, C∂sØ apkvenw-I-fpsS Ah-ÿ-Iƒ
CXns\ ]n¥pW-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu bp≤-߃ A√mlp-
hns‚ Iev]-\-b-\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬, A√mlp ]d-bp∂Xv,
-hn-izm-kn-Isf klm-bn°p∂Xv \ΩpsS _m
[y-X-bm-sW∂mWv. (30:48) AXpsIm≠v A√m-lp-hns‚ ]n¥p
W e`yamIp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Nn¥n-t°≠-Xm-Wv. bp≤w sNøm≥ h√m
Ø Xm¬]-cyamsW¶n¬, Ckvem-ans‚ t]cn¬ bp≤w sNø√.
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
47
C°m-eØv apkvenw-Iƒ CXc kaqlßtfmSv ]cm-Pbs∏
Sp∂Xv htc≠ akolv h∂p-I-gn-™n-cn-°p∂p F∂Xnte°p≈
ssZhnI I¿akm£yamWv. bfD¬ l¿_v s‚ ASnÿm\Øn
¬ aXbp≤Øns‚ I¬∏\ Ah-km-\n-®n--cn-°p-∂p. PnlmZv
sNøW-sa-¶n¬ sXfnhpIfpw ]am-WßfpwsIm≠v sNøp-I.
Ct∏mƒ Ckvem-ans‚t]cn¬ apkvenw-Iƒ sNøp∂ bp≤-ß
fpsS ]cnWnXn, Rm≥ ]d™ph∂Xpt]mse A√m-lp-hns‚
I¿akm£yØns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ apkvenwIƒ°v FXncm
sW∂Xv IÆp≈ F√mh¿°pw ImWm≥ Ignbp∂XmWv. A√m
lphns‚ hmKvZm\w, Rm≥ apAvan\oIsf(kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf)
klm-bn-°p-sa∂mWv -apAvan\owIfmsW¶n¬.
c≠v kwKXnIfmWv. H∂p-In¬ Cu apkvenw-Iƒ, apA-van≥
A√. As√¶n¬ Cu bp≤ßfpsS kabw icnb√. AXns‚
Imew Ign™ncn°p∂p. Hm¿°pI, Ch-cn¬ Cu c≠p-Im-cy-
ßfpw -D-≠v. F¥psIms≠∂m¬ Xncp\_n(-k) ]d™Xv
AwKo-I-cn-°m-sX, apAvan\mIm≥ km≤ya√. alvZo akolns‚
hmZØn\p tijw, At±lw ]d-™Xv A\pkcn°msX A√m-
lp-hns‚ klm-b-Øn-∂¿l-cmhm\pw km≤ya√.- Npcp°Øn¬
C°m-eL´Øn¬ alvZo ako-lm-sW∂v hmZap∂bn® Bƒ
Xo¿®-bmbpw kXy-h\m-Wv.
Xm≥ ssZh\nbp‡\msW∂
lZvdØv ako-lv auDuZv(-A)s‚ kXyhmKvaqew
XpS¿∂v At±lw Xs‚ Cu kXykm£yØn-\mbn hfsc
henb hmZ-amWv D∂-bn-®-Xv. AØcw hmZw Hcp I≈hmZn°v
D∂-bn°m≥ km[y-a√. At±lw ]d-bp∂p: “BcpsS ssIbn-
emtWm Fs‚ Poh-\ncn-°p-∂Xv B ssZhsØ kXyw sNbvXp-
sIm≠v Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂p, Ah≥ Xs∂-bmWv Fs∂ Ab-®Xv.
Ah≥ Xs∂-bmWv Fs‚ t]cv \_n F∂p-sh-®Xpw, Ah≥
Xs∂-bmWv Fs∂ akolv auDuZv F∂v kwt_m[\ sNbv
XXpw. Ah≥ Fs‚ kXykm£yØn\p th≠n henb henb
AS-bmf߃ shfn-s∏-Sp-ØpIbp≠mbn. AXv aq∂p-e-£-tØm-
fw hcpw. AXn¬ \n∂v DZmlcWsa∂ \ne°v Ipdsbms°
Cu KŸ-Ønepw Fgp-Xn-bn- p-≠v. Bbnc°W°n\p≈ Ahs‚
48 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
AXv`pXIcamb ]h¿Ø\ßfpw hy‡amb AS-bm-f-ßfpw
Fs‚ kXyk‘X°v km£yw \¬Ip∂ns√¶n¬ Rm≥
Ahs‚ kw`mjWw BtcmSpw shfns∏SpØp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
amXa√ CXv A-hs‚ hN-\-ß-fm-sW∂v Dd∏n®p]d-bm\pw
Ignbp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]t£, Ah≥ Xs‚ hm°pIƒ°v ]n¥p-W-
bpambn shfns∏SpØnb I¿a߃ Ahs‚ apJw ImWn°p∂
kzNvOhpw ]Imiam\hpamb IÆmSnbpsS ]tbmP\amWv
sNbvXXv.’’ (l-Jo-J-Øp¬ hlvbv, dqlm\n Jkmbn≥ mKw:22,
t]Pv:503)
A√mlp-hns‚ t]cn¬ hmZ-ap-∂-bn°p∂bmƒ AYhm- Abm-
fpsS hmZw kXy-a-s√-¶n¬ AbmtfmSv A√mlp Fß-s\-bmWv
s]cp-am-dp-∂-Xv. kzbw t\m°pI, A√mlp I≈]hmNIs\°p-
dn®v ]d-bp-∂p.
At±lw \ΩpsSta¬ Nne- hm-°p-Iƒ sI´n-®-a®p ]d-™n-cp-
s∂-¶n¬ \mw At±-lsØ he-wssI-sIm≠v ]nSn-IqSp-am-bn-cp-
∂p. XpS¿∂v ]dbp∂p:
F∂n-´v, At±-l-Øns‚ Poh-\mUn \mw Adp-Øp-I-fbpambn-
cp-∂p. (A¬ lmJ 45..47)
C\n ]dbpI, lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) Rm≥ \_n-bm-sW-
∂pw, F\n°v F√m klm-bßfpw e`yamIp∂psh∂pw hmZn
®Xn\p -tijw A√mlp lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ Poh
\mUn Adp-Øp-I-f-bp-I-bm-tWm sNbvXXv?
AtXm (A¿dqw 48) kXy-hn-izm-
kn-Isf klm-bn-°p∂Xv \ΩpsS _m[y-X-bm-Wv F∂ hmKvZm-
\-a-\p-k-cn®v klm-bn-°p-I-bmtWm sNbvX-Xv? PamAØns\
klmbn®psImt≠bncn°p∂p.
Hcp sNdnb ]tZiØp-\n∂v Db¿∂ Hcp i–w C∂v k¿h-]u
-Vn-tbm-Spw-IqSn temI-Øns‚ tImWpItfmfw ]c∂ncn°p∂p.
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
49
C∂v 181 cmjvSß-fn¬ Alva-Znøm Pam-AØv ÿm]n-X-am-Wv.
C∂v lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv-(A)s\ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-¿ bqtdm-
∏n-epw, Ata-cn-°-bnepw B^n-°-bpsS hnZq-c h\m¥c-ß-fnepw
Np´ps]m≈p∂ acp-`q-an-bnepw Zzo]p-I-fnepw D-≠v. F¥v Cu
F√m ssZhn-I-klmbßfpw, At±lØns‚ kXykm£yw
ZrVs∏SpØm≥ aXnbmbXt√? Cu hy‡n hymP\mbncp∂p
sh-¶n¬, A√m-lp- Xs‚ \nb-a-a\p-k-cn®v At±lsØ F¥p
-sIm≠v ]nSn-®n-√? Xs∂ _‘n∏n®v C¬lmapIƒ ]d™
ImcWØm¬ F¥p-sIm≠v At±lsØ \in-∏n-®n-√? CXv
Nn¥n-t°≠ L -am-Wv. Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw hnth-I-]q¿hw ]h¿Øn-
°p-Ibpw sNøpI. apkvenw-I-tfmSp Rm≥ ]dbbpIbmWv;
F¥n-\mWv \nßfpsS CltemIhpw ]ctemIhpw \in∏n°p-
∂-Xv? Ign-™ -Zn-hkw ]m°nÿm\n¬ Hcmƒ alvZn-bm-sW∂v
hmZn-®p. Ipd®pt\cw ]ckv]cw shSn-h-bv]n-\p-tijw Abmsf
Adkv‰p sNbvXp. Ct∏mƒ Pbn-enemWv. CXmWv hymP-hm-
Zn-bpsS Ahÿ. Cu A¥yw DS≥Xs∂ Ah¿°v ap∂n¬
D≠mbn. CXn\p apºpw D≠m-bn-´p-≠v.
lZvdØv ako-lv auDuZv(-A)\v th≠nbp≈
ssZhnI km£yw
At±lØns‚ kXykm£yØn\p≈s Hcp BImiobkm-£y-
ap-≠v. CXn-s\∏‰n t\ctØbpw Rm≥ ]cma¿in®n´p≈XmWv.
AXmbXv kqcyNµKlW߃. a\pjyiaØns‚ Hcp CS
s]Sepw km≤ya√mØ AS-bm-famWnXv. lZvdØv dkq¬ Xncp
-ta\n(-k) Ct∂°vv 1400 h¿j-߃°v aptº Fß-s\-bmWv ¢n]v
XambmWv ]hN\w sNbvXv \ap°v ]d™pX∂ncn°p∂Xv.
kb≥kv Hcp]mSv ]ptcmKXn ]m]n® Cu ImeL´Øn¬ t]m
epw CXbpw am¿K߃ t]mIs´ ASp-Ø- hgnIsf°pdn®pw
AXmbXv da-km≥ amk-Ønem-bn-cn-°pw, C∂ Xnb-Xn°v kqcy
KlWw D≠m-Ipw, C∂-Xn-bXn°v NµKl-W-ap-≠m-Ipw F
s∂ms° ]h-Nn-°m≥ km[y-a-√. lZokn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p.
50 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
AXmbXv \ΩpsS alvZn-bpsS kXy-Øn-\mbn c≠v ZrjvSm-¥-
ßfmWp≈Xv. Cu kXykm£yØns‚ ASbmfw temIap
≠mbXp apX¬ B¿°pth≠nbpw shfns∏´n´n√. daZm\nse
NµKlWØns‚ cmXnIfn¬ BZysØ cmXn Nµ\pw,
kqcyKlWØns‚ Zn\ßfn¬ a[yZn\Øn¬ kqcy\pw Kl-
W-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.
Aßs\ 1894 ¬ KlWap≠mbn. 13,14,15 XnøXnIfn¬
daZm≥ 13\v Nµ\v KlWw kw`hn®p. 27,28,29 XnøXnIfn¬
daZm≥ 28\v kqcy\v KlWap≠mbn. CXv At±lØns‚ kXy
km£yØn\v hfsc hy‡amb sXfnhmWv.
lZvdØv ako-lv auDuZv(-A) ]dbp∂p; Fs∂°qSmsX
B kabØv as‰mcp hmZnbpw C√mbncp∂p. Nne aue-hn-am¿
“Ja¿’ apXemb X¿°ßfn¬ Dgep∂p. “Ja¿’ NnecpsS
ho£WØn¬ c≠masØ cmXn°p tijap≈ Nµ\mWv.
a‰p NnecpsS A`n]mbØn¬ aq∂masØ cmXn°p tijap≈
Nµ\mWv.
]n¥pWbpsS Cu AS-bmfØn-\p-ap-tº, lZvdØv akolv au-
Du-Zv(-A)s\ IqSmsX at‰sX-¶nepw hmZnbp≠mbncp∂psh¶n¬
ImWn®p XcnI. Hcp hy‡nbpsS amXta hmZap≠mbncp∂p≈p.
AXv lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv JmZn-bm-\n(-A) B-Wv.
FÆa‰ ASbmf߃ ]pe¿∂psIm≠ncn°p∂psh∂v lZv
dØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) Dss®kvXcw ]Jym]n°p∂p. Rm
\s√¶n¬ a‰mcmWv h∂sX∂v ImWn-®p-X-cn-I. F¥psIms≠
∂m¬ ImeL´Øns‚ Bh-iy-am-Wv. F∂m¬, Ch¿°v Im-
Wn-®p Xcm≥ km[y-a-√. AXp-sIm≠v lZvdØv akolv au
Du-Zv(-A)Xs∂-bmWv kXyhmZn. `uan-Ihpw BIm-io-b-hp-am
b ]n¥pW At±lØns‚ ]£ØmWv. A√mlp ]d™
\p_p-∆-Øns‚ am\-Z¨Vw At±lsØ ]n¥p-W-bv°p-∂p.
Nne¿ t\ctØbpw At±-l-w ]cnip≤ hy‡nXzØns‚ DSa
bmsW∂v AwKoIcn®hcmWv. At±lØns‚ BZyImehpw
]cnip≤ambncp∂p, bph-Xzhpw kwip-≤-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw
⁄m\nbpambncp∂p. Ckvem-anI tkh\hpw At±ltØ°m
fpa[nIw a‰mcpw sNbvXn- n-√. CXv A\ycpw kΩ-Xn®XmWv. ]n
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
51
s∂ CsX√mw I≠-Xn-\p-ti-jhpw, _p≤n°p ta¬ adbmsW¶n¬
A√m-lp Xs∂ kwc£n°s´. F¥psIms≠∂m¬ Bscsb
¶nepw hniz-kn-°m-\p≈ ku`mKyhpw A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-
lw sIm≠pXs∂bmWv e`n°p∂Xv.
lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) ]d-bp∂p:
“C\n ]dbpI, Cu hn\o-X≥ kXy-Ønes√¶n¬ Fs∂t∏m
se ]Xn\memw \q‰m≠ns‚ Xe°¬ BcmWv apP±nZns‚
hmZap∂bn®n´p≈Xv. C¬lmao hmZhpambn kIe FXncmfn
Iƒ°pw ap∂n¬ Fs∂t∏mse \n∂XmcmWv.
(Nn¥n-°p-hn≥, A¬∏w e÷ ImWn°phn≥, A√m-lp-hns\
`b-s∏-Sphn≥ F¥n-\mWv \n¿e÷bn¬ apt∂m´pKan°p∂Xv.)
“Cu hn\o-X≥ akolv auDuZv BsW∂ hmZ-Øn¬ A_≤
ØnemsW¶n¬, \nßfpsS ho£WØnep≈ akolv auDuZv
Cu Znhk-ß-fn¬ BIm-i-Øp-\n-∂n-d-ßp-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n ]
cn-i-an-°p-I. ImcWw Rm\n-t∏mƒ k∂nlnX\mWv. ]t£
\n߃ ImØncn°p∂bmƒ k∂nlnX\√. C\n At±lw
BImiØp\n∂v Cdßn h∂m¬ Rm≥ Btcm]Whnt[b\m
Ipw, Fs‚ hmZw s]mfn-bp-∂-Xv Cusbmcp cq]Øn¬ amXam
Wv KWn°s∏SpIbp≈p.’’ (CXv At±lw A∂v F√mhtcmSpw
sNbvX sh√phnfnbmWv) “\n߃ kXy-Øn-em-sW-¶n¬ ako
lv_v\p a¿bw DS≥ BImiØp\n∂v Cdßp∂Xv ImWm≥
F√mhcpw Hcpan®v ]m¿Yn°pI. \n߃ kXy-Øn-em-sW-¶n
¬ Cu ]m¿Y\ kzoI-cn-°s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. ImcWw Alvse
lJns‚ ]m¿Y\ hymP∑m¿s°Xncn¬ kzoI-cn°s∏-Sp-∂p.’’ (AXmbXv kXy-hm-∑m-cpsS ]m¿Y\ hymP∑m¿s°Xncn¬
kzoI-cn-°s∏-Sp-∂p.) “F∂m¬ Xo¿®bmbpw a\-n-em-°n-s°m-
≈p-I, Cu ]m¿Y\ Hcn-°epw kzoI-cn-°s∏-Sp-I-bn-√, F¥p
sIms≠∂m¬ \n߃ A_≤ØnemIp∂p. akolv h∂p-I-gn
-™ncn°p∂p. ]t£, \n߃ At±-lsØ Xncn-®-dn-™n√.
C\n \nß-fpsS Cu \nc¿YI ]Xo£ Hcn-°epw ]q¿Ønbm
hp-I-bn√. Cu Imehpw Ign™p-t]m-Ipw. Ahcn¬ Bcpw Xs∂
52 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
ako-ln BIm-i-Øp- \n-∂n-d-ßp-∂Xv ImWp-I-bn√.(Ckmesb
Hulmw `mKw:1, dqlm\n Jkmbn≥ `mKw:3, t]Pv:179)
XpS¿∂v At±lw ]dbp∂p; “AXp-sIm≠vXs∂ Rm≥ ]d-
bpIbmWv, Ch¿ Zo\nt‚bpw kXy-Ønt‚bpw iXp-°-fm-Wv.
C\nbpw Ch-cnse GsX-¶nepw hn`mKw lrZbßsf \∂m°n
Fs‚-b-Sp-Øv h∂m¬, Rm≥ Ct∏mgpw Ah-cpsS hy¿Yhpw
A\mhiyhp-amb kwib߃°v adp-]Sn \¬Im\pw A√mlp
Fß-s\-bmWv Hcp hºn® ssk\y-sØt∏mse Fs‚ km£y
Øn\p ]hN\߃ Hcp°n ]I¬ t]mse kXyw shfn
s∏SpØnbsX∂pw ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ Xømdm-Wv.’’ akolv auDuZnt\mSp≈ kvt\lw
P\lrZbßfn¬ cqVaqeam°pIbpw
At±lØns‚ kwLsØ as‰√m
kwL߃°pw ta¬ hnPbn∏n°pIbpw sNøpw
lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) ]d-™Xp-t]m-se, Bsc¶nepw
hcnIbmsW¶n¬ \qdp-h¿j-Øn-\p-ti-jw C∂pw lrZbßsf
icnbm°n hcWsa∂ \n_-‘\ \ne\n¬°p-∂p. hcp-∂-h¿
kXysØ Dƒs°m≈pIbpw sNøp∂p.
]d-bp∂p: “Cu hnhctZmjnIfmb aue-hn-am¿ Xß-fpsS
IÆp-Iƒ t_m[]q¿hw AS-bv°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AS-®p-sIm-
≈s´. kXy-Øn\v AXp-sIm≠v F¥p \jvSw kw -hn-°m-\m-Wv.
F∂m¬ B Imew hcp-∂p. A√ AXv kao]ÿamWv, ^n¿
Hu-s‚ ]Ir-Xap≈h¿ Cu ]h-N-\-ß-fn¬ Nn¥n-®m¬ apßp-
∂-Xn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-Spw. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: Rm≥ BI-a-W-
Øn-\p-ta¬ BI-aWw \S-Øpw; Aßs\ \ns‚ kXyw lr-Z-b-
ß-fn¬ IpSn-bn-cp-Øpw. A√tbm aue-hn-amtc! \n߃°v A√m-
lp-hn-t\mSp s]mcpXm≥ i‡n-bp-s≠-¶n¬ s]mcpXns°m≈pI.
F\n°p apºv Hcp km[p-a\p-jy\mb a¿b-ans‚ aI-t\mSv b
lq-Zn-Iƒ Fs¥¥√mw sNbvXn√? Fßs\bmWv XßfpsS
Nn¥°\pkrXambn Ipcn-inte‰nbXv. F∂m¬ A√mlp At±-
lsØ Ipcn-ip-a-c-W-Øn¬\n∂v c£n-®p. AYhm Hcp Ime
ap≠mbncp∂p, At±-lw tIhew NXnb\pw I≈\pambn
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
53
KWn°s∏´ncp∂p. ]t£ At±lØns‚ alØzw lr-Z-b-
ß-fn¬ P\n∏n°pIbpw C∂v 40 tImSn P\-߃ At±lsØ
ssZh-ambn hniz-kn°pIbpw sNøp∂ kabsaØnbncn°p∂p.
Ch¿ Ip^v¿ sNbvXpsIm≠mWv Hcp \nm-c-a-\p-jys\ ssZ
h-am°nbncn°p∂sX¶nepw CXv blqZnIƒ°p≈ adp-]-Sn-bm-
Wv.’’ (A-Xm-bXv A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v blq-Zn-Iƒ°v adp-]Sn \
evI-s∏- -Xm-Wv) “BscbmtWm Ah¿ Hcp hymP-hmZnsbt∏mse
Imen-∂-Sn-bn¬ Nhp- n-sa-Xn-°m≥ BK-ln-®Xv AtX tbip a¿
b-ans‚ ]pX≥, 40 tImSn P\-߃ At±-l-sØ hW-ßp-∂
XcØn¬ alXzam¿Pn®ncn°p∂p. cmPm-°∑m-cpsS IgpØpIƒ
At±-l-Øns‚ t]cn\p apºn¬ Ip\n-bp-∂p. a¿b-ans‚ ]pX≥
tbiphns\-t]mse in¿°n\v hfwsh°m≥ Rm≥ \nanØamI-
cp-sX∂v ]m¿Yn®n´p≠v. A√mlp Aßs\Xs∂bm°p-sa∂v
Rm≥ ZrV-ambpw hniz-kn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ A√mlp Fs∂
IqsS°qsS Adn-bn-®n-cn-°p∂p; Ah≥ F\n°v hfscb[nIw
alXzw \evIpIbpw Ft∂m-Sp≈ kvt\lw lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ IpSn
-bn-cp-ØpIbpw sNøpw. Fs‚ ]ÿm\sØ temIw apgp-
h≥ ]cØpIbpw F√m I£n-Iƒ°pw ta¬ Fs‚ I£nsb hnP-
bn-∏n-°pIbpw sNøpw. Fs‚ ^n¿Jbn¬ s]´h¿ Adnhnepw
ssZh⁄m\Ønepw FXtØmfw ]cn]IzXbm¿Pn°psa∂m¬,
Xß-fpsS kXy-Øns‚ ]Im-ihpw sXfn-hp-Ifpw AS-bm-f-ßfpw
aptJ\ k¿h-cp-tSbpw hmb AS-°p∂XmWv.’’ (A-√m-lp-hns‚
A\p-K-l-Øm¬ temI-Øv F√m cmPyØpw Cu kXyw shfn
s∏SpIbpw shfns∏´psIm≠ncn°pIbpw sNøp∂p) “Hmtcm P\-
Xbpw Cu Ddhn¬\n∂v IpSn°p∂XmWv. Cu ]ÿm\w i‡-
ambn hfcpIbpw, ]pjv]n-°pIbpw sNøpw. FXtØmfsa∂m¬
`qanbn¬ apgph≥ hebw sNøs∏Sp∂XmWv. Hcp-]mSv XS- -ßfpw
]co-£-W-ßfpw D≠mIpw. ]t£ A√mlp F√mØnt\bpw
CS-bn¬\n∂v FSpØpam‰pIbpw Xs‚ hmKvZm\w ]q¿Øn-bm-
°pIbpw sNøpw. A√mlp Fs∂ kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm≠v
]d™p: Rm≥ \n\°v A\p-K-l-Øn-\p-ta¬ A\p-Klw \¬
Ipw; FX-tØm-f-sa-∂m¬ cmPm-°∑m¿ \ns‚ hkvX-Øn¬\n
∂v A\p-Klw tXSpw.
54 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
A√tbm timXm-°tf! Cu Im-cy-߃ Hm¿°pIbpw Cu
]h-N-\-߃ Xß-fpsS s]´n-I-fn¬ kq£n-®p-sh-°p-Ibpw
sNøpI. CXv ssZhØns‚ hN-\-am-Wv. Hcp\mƒ AXv ]q
¿Øn-bm-Ip∂XmWv. Rm≥ Fs‚ AIXmcn¬ Hcp \∑bpw
Z¿in°p∂n√. Rm≥ sNtø-≠ I¿a߃ sNbvXn-´p-an-√. Rm≥
Fs∂ tIhew A\¿l\mb Hcp tPmen°mc-\mbn a\-n-
em-°p-∂p. CXv A√mlp-hns‚ A\p-K-l-w -am-X-am-Wv. AXm
Wv Ft∂msSm∏ap≈Xv. Npcp°Øn¬ Cu Hcp-]nSn aÆn-s\
F√mhn[ \yq\XItfmSpw IqSn kzoIcn® B k¿h-i-‡\pw
AXypZm-c-\p-amb A√m-lp-hn\v Bbn-cam-bncw \µn.’’ (XP√n
bmsØ Cemlnø:, dqlm\n Jkmbn≥ `mKw:20, t]Pv:408..410)
CXmWv lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ hmZhpw ]h-N-\hpw.
\mw F√m Znhkhpw AXv ]pe-cp-∂-Xv I≠psIm≠ncn°pIbpw
sNøp∂p. ]t£, F√m aX-ßfpw kapZmbßfpw Nn¥n-t°≠
kµ¿`am-Wn-Xv. akolv auDu-Zns‚ Pam-A-Øv, A√mlp
At±ltØmSv sNbvX hmKvZm-\-a-\p-k-cn®v A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-´p-
sIm≠ncn°p∂p, Rm≥ ]d™Xpt]mse F√m Znhkhpw
\mw B ]ptcmKXn ImWpIbpw sNøp∂p. apkvenw-Ifpw
(AlvaZnIf√mØ apkvenwIƒ) Nn¥nt°≠-XmWv. hcm\p
≈ akolpw alvZnbpw h∂p-I-gn-™n-cn°p-∂p. At±-l-Øn
s‚ kXy-km-£y-Øn-\mbn Jp¿B-\nepw, lZo-knepw \nch
[n sXfnhpIfp≠v, Jp¿B\n¬ \n∂pw lZokn¬ \n∂pw
e`yhpamWv. AXn¬ \n∂v H∂p-c-s≠ÆsØ°pdn®v Rm≥
]cma¿in®ncp∂p. ImeL´Øns‚ Ahÿbpw At±lsØ
hnfn®psIm≠ncn°p∂p. C\n F¥v ]Xo-£-bn-emWv \nß
-fn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. P\ßtf, Aev]w Nn¥n-°p-hn≥. InkvXym-
\n-Iƒ°v htc≠ c≠mw akolpw BKX\mbn-cn-°p-∂p.
CXcaX°mtcbpw Hcp ssIbn¬ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-´m≥ htc-≠-
hy‡n h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. ]c-kv]-cw hnImcßsf am\n°m≥ ]
Tn∏nt°≠Xpw Cu akolv auDuZv Xs∂bmWv. C∂v temIØv
kam[m\hpw kvt\lhpw aaXbpw ]ctØ≠Xpw Cu akolv
auDuZv Xs∂bmWv. am\hIpesØ Zp:Jßfn¬ \n∂pw ]
bmkßfn¬ \n∂pw tamNn∏nt°≠Xpw Cu akolv auDuZv
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
55
Xs∂bmWv. A√mlphnte°v FØm\p≈ am¿KZ¿i\w
\¬tI≠Xpw Zmk∑m¿°v ssZhkhn[Øn¬ Ip\ntb≠ coXn
]d™psImSpt°≠Xpw Cu akolv auDuZv Xs∂bmWv.
temIw Cu F√m Imcyßfpw Icÿam°m≥ BKln°p
∂psh¶n¬, kIe]hmNI∑mcptSbpw ]hN\a\pkcn®v
BKXcmb Xncp\_n(k)s‚ kXyk‘\mb t]an, alvZo
akolns‚ ]mTßf\pkcn®v ]h¿Ønt°≠XmWv. As√
¶n¬ A√mlphns‚ tIm]mKv\nbpsS ]Xn^e\w h´an´p ]
d°p∂Xmbn \mw ImWp∂p. AtX°pdn®v lZvdØv akolv
auDu-Zv(-A), A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v e`yamb Adnbn∏v \tΩmSp
]d-™n´p≈XmWv.
BbXn\m¬ AlvaZnItfmSv Rm≥ ]dbs´, Hmtcm Alva-Zn-
bpw Xs‚ KpWIcambam‰Øn\v ]cniant°≠XmWv. kzbw
\∂m°nØo¿°p∂tXmsSm∏w Cu ap∂dnbn∏ns\°pdn®v
temIsØ t_m[ys∏SpØpIbpw sNøpI. A√mlp `uXn
Icmb BfpIƒ°v ta¬ IcpW sNmcnbpIbpw Ah¿°v bmYm
¿Yyw a\nem°m≥ ku`mKyw \¬IpIbpw sNøpamdmIs´.
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
57
JpXv_ PpapA 24.02.2006
akvPnZv _bvØp¬ ^pXqlv, e≠≥, bp.sI.
• ]X-kzm-X-¥y-Øn-t‚bpw Bhn-jv°m-c-kzm-X-¥y-Øn-t‚bpw
t]cn¬ Nne ]m›mXy cmPyßfpw ]Xßfpw apkvenw-I-fpsS
hnIm-csØ hW-s∏-SpØp∂Xnt‚bpw, AI-a-]-c-amb
\ne]mSv kzoIcn°p∂Xnt‚bpw AhcpsS
ZznapJ [m¿anIX \nehmcØnt‚bpw hnhcWw
• ]m›mXytemIØn\v apkvenwIsf FXn¿°m≥ ss[cyw In´m≥
ImcWw apkvenwIfpsS Xs∂ B`y¥c AhÿIfpamWv.
Aapkvenw temIw XßfpsS sX‰pIƒ ImcWw
AXn`bm\Iab Ahÿbn¬ DgepIbmWv.
• Xn-cp\_n-(k)t\m-Sp≈ kvt\lw, \ΩpsS Zp:B-fn¬ apkvenw
DΩØn\pw Hcp]mSv CSw \¬Im≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂p.
C∂v Cu ImeL´Øns‚ Cam-ans\ Xncn-®-dn-™´p≈, Hmtcm
Alva-ZnbptSbpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Øw Xn-cp\_n-(k)t\m-Sp≈
kvt\lm-th-i-Øm¬ IqSpX¬ IqSpX¬ kzemØv sNm√p-I
F∂XmWv.
• A¥co£Øn¬ kXylrZbtØmsS Hcp]mSv kzemØpIƒ
hnXdphn≥, FXtØmfsa∂m¬ A¥-co-£-Ønse Hmtcm
IWnIbn¬ \n∂pw kzemØpImcWw kpK‘w han°s´,
\ΩpsS F√m Zp:BIfpw Cu kzem-Øns‚ am[y-ÿw sIm≠v
A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncpkhn[Øn¬ kzoIm-cyXbpsS ÿm\w
Icÿam°s´.
• hnip≤ Jp¿B≥, XncplZokpIƒ, hmKvZØ akolns‚
A≤ym]\߃ F∂nhbpsS shfn®Øn¬ kzemØns‚
]m[m\yhpw A\pKlßfpw hnhcn®psIm≠v IqSpX¬
kzemØv sNm√m\pw apkvenw DΩØn\p th≠n ]m¿Yn°m\pw
]tXyI Blzm\w
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
59
Nne ]m›mXy-]-X-ßfpw cmPyßfpw ]X-kzm-X-¥y-Øn-
t‚bpw Bhn-jv°m-c-kzm-X-¥y-Øn-t‚bpw t]cn¬ apkvenw-I-
fpsS hnIm-csØ hW-s∏-SpØns°m≠pw, AI-a-]-c-amb \ne]m
Sv kzoIcn®psIm≠pw Ign™ Nn-ebm-gvNIfmbn XpS¿∂phcp∂
kw`-h-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-≈ hnjbw X-s∂-bmWv C∂pw Rm≥
kw£n-]vX-ambn hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn\p≈ ]XnIcWsa∂
\nebn¬ Nne]X߃°pw cmPy߃°psaXncn¬ apkvenw-cm-
„-ß-fnse A¥co£sØ°pdn®pw Rm≥ ]d-bm-\m-K-ln-°p-
I-bm-Wv. hy‡n-]-c-amb \ne-bnepw kwL-Sn-X-amb \ne-bnepw
k¿°m¿X-e-Ønepw ]Xntj[w D≠mbns°m≠ncn°p∂p.
tJZw ]I-Sn-∏n-°m\pw ]X-kzm-X-¥y-Øn-t‚bpw Bhn-jv°m-
c-kzm-X-¥y-Øn-t‚bpw t]cn¬, \_n-amcntes°ØcpsX∂ \n
baw ]mkm-°m\pw ]m›m-Xy-cm-„-ß-fpsSta¬ kΩ¿Zw sNep-
Øp-sa∂mWv Ckvem-an-I-cm-„-ß-fnse Hm¿K-ss\-tk-j-\m
b H.-sF.-knbpw ]d-™n-cn°p∂Xv. ImcWw CXn¬\n∂v ]n
∑m-dp-∂n-s√-¶n¬, ]ns∂ temI-kam[m\Øn\v Hcp Pmay-hp-an-√.
Cu cm„-ß-fpsS AYhm Hm¿K-ss\-tk-js‚ hfsc \√ ]Xn-
I-c-W-am-Wv CXv. bYm¿YØn¬ lrZ-b-th-Z-\-tbmsS temIØv
kam[m\w ÿm]n-°p∂Xn-\pff Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-∏n-°m≥ Ign-
hp-≈-h-cmbn Xocp-∂Xn\v A√mlp Ckvem-an-I-cm-„-ßfn¬
sI´pd∏v D≠m°pamdmIs´.
60 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
]mivNmXy≥ cmPyßfptSbpw
]XßfptSbpw Cc-´-Øm∏v
Ign-™-Zn-hk-ß-fn¬ Cdm\nse Hcp ]Xw Cu \o°Øn\v
]Icw tNmZn°m≥ Xß-fpsS ]X-ß-fneqsS a’cw kwL-
Sn-∏n-°p-sa∂v hnfw-_cw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. c≠mw-tem-I-a-lm-bp-
≤-Øn¬ blq-Zn-I-tfm-Sv A\ph¿Øn® s]cp-am‰sØ Bkv]
Zam°n Ah-cpsS Im¿´q¨ hc°p∂XmWv a’cw. CXv
Ckvem-an-I -]-Xn-I-c-W-tam Ckvem-an-IcoXntbm Asænepw
]t£, kzmX-¥y-Øns‚ apZm-hmIyw apg-°p-Ibpw F√m-Xcw
B`mkhpw ]X-Øn¬ A®-Sn-°p-∂-Xn\v Bhn-jvIm-c-kzm-X-
¥y-sa∂ t]cv \¬IpIbpw sNøp∂ ]m›m-Xy-cm-„-߃,
CXn-s\ tami-ambn KWn°m≥ ]mSn√mbncp∂p, ]t£ Ah¿
tamiambmWv I≠Xv.- tamiambn KWn°mXncn°pItbm
As√¶n¬ Cßs\ adp-]Sn \evIpItbm sNø-W-am-bn-cp∂p,
AXmbXv Hcp A_≤w ImcWamtWm temIØv Ie-l-ap-
≠m-bn-°-gn-™p. C\n \ap°v aX-tØtbm AXns‚ ÿm]-I-
tctbm \_n-am-tctbm kapZmbtØtbm Ipdn®v CØcw Nn¥
-Hgnhm°n kvt\lØnt‚bpw kt¥m-jØnt‚bpw A¥-co£w
kr„n°mw. ]t£, CØcw adp-]Sn-°p ]I-cw, Im¿´q¨ ]kn-
≤o-I-cn-®v kIe Ipg-∏-߃°pw XpS°w Ipdn® U•m¿°nse
B ]X-Øns‚ FUn‰¿ ]d™p, c≠mw-tem-I-a-lm-bp-≤-
Øn¬ blq-Zn-I-fpambn _‘s∏´ Im¿´q¨ hc°m\p≈
a’cØn\v hnfw_cw sNbvX Cdm≥ ]XØns‚ Blzm\
sØ ]‰n .. hmkvXhØn¬ AXv Hcp kaqlØn\p ta¬ AI
aWap≠mtbm C√tbm F∂Xns\∏‰nbp≈ Im¿´qWmWv
hct°≠nbncp∂Xv A√msX GsX¶nepw ]hmNIs\
Ahtlfn°pItbm \nµn°pItbm sNøp∂ Im¿´qW√...
GXmbncp∂mepw FUn‰¿ FgpXp∂p; “R߃ Hcn-°epw
AXn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-I-bn-√. XßfpsS hmb-\-°msc kam-[m-
\n-∏n-®p-sIm≠p ]dbp∂p: Rß-fpsS hmb-\-°m¿ kam[m\
s∏Sp-I, \ΩpsS [m¿an-I \nehmcw Ct∏mgpw \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-
≠v. R߃ lZvdXv Cukmbp-tSbpw, lutemtImkv‰v (Iq´\m
iw)t‚bpw Im¿´q¨ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂hc-√. AXp-sIm≠v
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
61
Hcp-ImcWhimepw Cdm-\n-]-X-ßfptSbpw am[y-a-ßfptSbpw
CØcw tamiw A`ncpNnbpsS a’-c-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p∂ ]
iv\-ta-bn-√.’’CXmWv Ah-cpsS \nehmcw. kz¥w Imcy-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS
\ne-]mSv H∂pw apkvenw-I-fpsS hnIm-c-sØs°m≠p Ifn-
°p∂Xn¬ as‰m-∂pw. FXm-bmepw CXmWv Ah-cpsS ]Wn,
AXh¿ sNøs´.
apkvenwIfpsS \nlmbXbpsS
AXn`bm\Iamb Ahÿ
C\n am\Z¨VßfpsS Ahÿ t\m°pI,
Ign™ Znhkßfn¬ Chn-sSbp≈ Hsc-gp-Øp-Im-c≥ ]Xn-t\
gv h¿jw apºsØ Hcp kw`hw, Hcp Imcyw F-gp-Xnbncp∂p.
BkvXnb-bn¬ t]mbXmbncp∂p, AhnsS sN∂t∏mƒ Abm
ƒs°Xncn¬ tImbn, aq∂p-h¿jw XS-hn-epam-bn. CXv F¥m
bmepw Ch-cpsS coXn-bm-Wv. kz¥w kln°m≥ -Ign-bn-√. ]
t£ \ΩpsS Ahÿ F¥msW∂pw ]m›m-Xy-tem-I-Øn
\v Cu ss[cy-ap-≠m-bXv Fßs\bmsW∂pw \ΩpsS kz¥w
Ahÿ AXn\v \nanØamIp∂pt≠m F∂pw \mw t\mt°
≠nbncn°p∂p. \ap°v ImWm≥ Ignbp∂ Ahÿbn¬ \n∂v
hy‡amIp∂ kwKXn, apkvenw cm„-߃ XßfpsS BinXcm-
sW-∂pw, Xß-fpsS ASp-Øp-Xs∂ Ah-km\w Ah¿°p htc
-≠n-h-cp-sa∂pw ]m›m--Xy-tem-IØn\v Adnbmsa∂mWv. XΩn-
e-Sn-°p-tºmƒ Ah-cn¬\n-∂p Xs∂bmWv klmbw tXSp-∂-
Xpw. ]Xntj[sa∂ \ne°v Nne bqtdm]y≥ \mSpIfnse
km[\߃°v hne-°p-≠v. Ipd®p Znh-k-w Ign™v hnjbw
XWp°ptºmƒ am¿°-‰p-I-fn¬\n∂v FSpØv am‰n-bn- p≈, A]
Xy£ambn´p≈ AtX km[\߃ Cu cmPyßfnse am¿
°‰pIfn¬ ho≠pw hcpsa∂pw Ah¿-°dnbmw. Cu cmPyßfn¬
hkn°p∂ apkvenw-Iƒ Cu km[\߃ Xn∂p-Ibpw D]
tbmKn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. U≥am¿°n¬ Xs∂ (U•m¿°ns\
XncnemWv G‰hpa[nIw ]Xntj[ap≈Xv) GI-tZiw c≠v
e£w apkvenw-I-fp-≠v. `qcn]£hpw ]m°n-ÿm\n apkvenw-I-
62 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
fm-Wv. Ch-cpw HSphn¬ Cu km[-\-ß-fmWv D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. GXmbmepw CXv Xmev°m-enI ]Xn-I-cWam-Wv.
Ah-km-\n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
C\n \ΩpsS Ahÿ -t\m-°p-I. Cdm-°n¬ ]pXn-sbmcp kw -
h-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. imlo Camans‚ Ipw`tKm]pcw (Xmgn
I°pSw) t_mw_p-h®v XI¿Øp. AXns‚ ^e-ambn kp∂n-]-
≈n-I-fp-sS-ta¬ BI-a-W-ap-≠m-bn.AXpw \in-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-
∂p. CXv Xßsf ASn-∏n-°m-\p≈ iXp-hns‚ IpX¥amtWm
F∂v At\zjn®p t\m°m\pw BtemNn°m\pw Bcpw ian
®n-√. ImcWw Cu t_mw_pw Bbp-[-ßfpw F√mw Cu -cm-„-
ß-fn¬\n-∂m-Wv hmßp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, Ch¿ Cßs\ Nn¥n-
°pItb-bn-√. H∂v, ChcpsS _p≤n]cambn IpcpS∑mcmWv,
tIm]hpw OnZXbpw ImcWw F¥v sNø-W-sa∂v Ch¿°v
a\nemIp∂n√. c≠v, Ch-cnse I]-S-∑m¿ iXp-°-fp-ambn
IqSn-tNcp∂p. AXn¬\n∂v iXp-°ƒ ^esaSp°pIbpw Ah
sc Nn¥n-°m≥ Xs∂ kΩXn°p∂pan√. FXm-bmepw Cdm-
°n-ep-≠m-bn-cn-°p∂ Cu ]pXnb Ahÿ, cmPysØ B`y¥
-c-bp-≤-Øn(Civil War)te-°mWv sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xv. C∂v
Gsd°psd Bcw`n®n´pap≠v. Cu Ahÿ C\n \nb-¥n-°m≥
km[n°pIbn√ F∂Xv t\Xm-°-∑m¿°v _p≤nap´pIƒ D≠m
°ns°m≠ncn°p∂p. apkvenw-Ifpw apkvenw-Ifpw XΩneSn-°p
∂ Cu Ahÿ A^vKm-\n-ÿm-\n-ep-ap-≠v, ]m°n-ÿm-\n-ep-
ap-≠v. Hmtcm I£nbpw ]ckv]cw Xo£Wamb A¥-co£w
kr„n-°m≥ ian-°p-I-bpw aX-Øns‚ t]cn¬ ]c-kv]cw sIm√p
IbpamWv. ]t£ A√mlp ]dbp∂p:
“Bsc-¶nepw Hcp kXy-hn-izm-knsb a\x-]q¿∆w sIm√p-∂-Xm-
bm¬ Ah-\p≈ in£ \c-I-am-Wv. AXn-e-h≥ Zo¿L-Imew
hkn-°p-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. A√mlp Ahs‚ t\sc tIm]n-°p-Ibpw
Ahs\ Xs‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬\n∂v Zqc-Øm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-
Xm-Wv. Ah\v hen-sbmcp in£ Hcp-°n-sh-®n-´p-ap-≠v. (4:94)”
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
63
apkvenwIfpsS OnZX°pw Zu¿_eyØn\pap≈
bYm¿Y ImcWw Xncp\_n(k)s\ [n°cn®Xpw
alvZo akolns\ \ntj[n®XpamWv
t\m°pI Ct∏mƒ Ch¿ ]ckv]cw sIm√pIbmWv. Ipg∏-ß-
fp-≠m-°pIbpw Bfn°Øn°pIbpw sNøp∂ t\Xm-°-∑m¿
]dbptºmƒ.. Ah-cn-e-[n-Ihpw aX-t\-Xm-°-fp-am-Wv.... Cu
F√m ^nXv\Ifpw Bcw`n°p∂p. sIm√pIbmsW¶n¬ ]p
Wyw Icÿam°msa∂pw kz¿K-amh-Im-in-I-fm-Imsa∂pw ]
dbptºmƒ Ielßfpw sIme]mXIhpw D≠mIp∂p. ]t£
A√m-lp- Chsc \c-I-Øn-en-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pIbpw i]n®psIm-
≠n-cn°p-IbpamWv.
]m°-nÿm-\nepw _w•m-tZ-in-ep-w a‰p cmPy-ß-fnepsa√mw
Alva-Zn-Iƒ ilo-Zm-°s∏Sp-∂p. Ch¿ kz¿KØns‚ ]Xo£
\¬InbmWv \c-I-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-t]m-Ip∂ CØcw ]
h¿Øn-Iƒ sNøn-°p-∂-Xv. Rm≥ ]d™phcp∂Xv, apkvenw-I
-fpsS CØcw ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v apkvenw-I-fpsS iXp-
°ƒ ]tbmsa-Sp-°p∂psh∂pw apkvenw-I-fpsS i‡n £bn
®p-sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂psh∂pamWv. F∂n´pw Cu apkvenw-Iƒ
°mIs´ hnth-I-ap-≠mIp∂pan√. Npcp°Øn¬, Cu _p≤n
£bØn\pw hgntISn\pw ImcWw \_n(-k)s‚ Iev]\
AwKoIcn°mØXmWv. AwKoIcn°p∂pan√, Cu mK-tØ°v
hcp∂pan√. Xncp\_n(-k)bpsS hmKvZØw sNbvX alvZo -ako-
ln-s\ \ntj-[n-®psIm≠ncn°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. AXp-sIm≠v
Hmtcm Alva-Znbpw A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv ]m¿Ynt°-≠-Xm-Wv, CtX-
°p-dn®v t\ctØbpw Rm≥ i≤£Wn®n- p-≈-Xm-Wv. A√mlp
Ch¿°v _p≤nbpw hnth-Ihpw \evIp-am-dm-I-s´. Ch¿ I]-S-hn-
izm-kn-I-fp-tSbpw iXp-°-fp-tSbpw ssIIfnse Ifn-∏m-´-am-bn-
amdns°m≠v Ckvem-an\v Zpjvt]-cp-≠m-°p-∂-hcpw ]c-kv]cw
Igp-Ø-d-°p-∂-h-cpw -BIm-Xn-cn-°-s´.
FXmbncp∂mepw Ckvem-ans‚ iXp-°ƒ Cu apkvenw-Isf
\nµycpw A]-lm-ky-cp-am-°n-Øo¿°m≥ ian-°ptºmƒ Alva-
Zn-Iƒ thZ-\- A\p`hn°p∂p. ImcWw Ch¿ \ΩpsS ]nb-
¶-c-\mb \_n lZvdØv aplΩZv apkvX^m(-k)-te°v Xßsf
64 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
tN¿Øv ]dbp∂hcmWv, As√-¶n¬ tN¿Øv ]dbp∂psh∂v
hmZn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. Cu hgn-sX-‰n-t∏m-bn-cn-°p∂ apkvenw-I-fn¬
hen-sbmcp hn`mK-am-fp-Iƒ Adn-hn-√mØ Imc-W-ØmemWv
Cu t\Xm-°-∑mcptSbpw De-am-°-∑mcptSbpw hm°pIƒ-tI´v
Ckvem-ap-ambn hnZq-c-_‘w t]mep-an-√mØ A\uNnXy-amb
Imcy-ßfpw ]cn]mSnIfpw sNøp-∂sX∂Xn¬ bmsXmcp kwi
bhpan√. A√mlp \ΩpsS Zp:BIƒ kzoIcn®psIm≠v \m
a-amX De-am-°-fpsS ]nSn-bn¬\n∂v Chsc c£n-°p-am-dm-Is´.
Ch¿ Ckvem-ans‚ kpµ-c-amb A[ym-]-\Øns‚ bmYm¿Yyw
a\-n-em°pIbpw Aßs\ Ckvem-an-t\m-Sp≈ kvt\lm-th-i-
Øm¬ Adnhn√mbva sIm≠pw _p≤ntamiw sIm≠pw Ckvem-
an\p Zpjvt]-cp-≠m°m≥ \nanØamIp∂Xv C√mXm°pIbpw
sNøpamdmIs´. A√mlp Ch¿°v t\¿-am¿Kw ImWn-®p-sIm-
Sp-°p-am-dm-I-s´. Ch-cpsS Cu ]h¿Ø-\-߃ Imc-W-Øm¬
Ckvem-an-\p-ta¬ sNfn-hm-cn-sb-dn-bm≥ iXp-°ƒ°v Ah-kcw
e`n-°p-∂p. \_n(-k)-bv°ptaepw \nµm-h-l-amb AIaW߃
\SØm≥ kµ¿`w e`n°p-∂p.
BbXn\m¬ Hmtcm Alva-Znbpw Zp:BIfn-te°v hfscb[nIw
i≤- sN-ep-tØ≠ Bh-iy-ap-≠v. ImcWw BtKmf Ckvemw
Xßfp-sS-Xs∂ A_≤߃ Imc-Ww- Atß-b‰w `bm-\-Im
h-ÿ-bn-¬ DgepI-bm-Wv. \ΩpsS D≈n¬ \_n(-k)-tbmSv
kXy-k-‘-amb A\pc‡nbpw kvt\lhp-ap-s≠-¶n¬ \Ωƒ
apkvenwkap-Zmb-Øn-\p-th-≠nbpw Hcp-]mSv Zp:B sNøWw. Cu
`mKtØ°v i≤n-t°≠ Bhiyap≠v. CXv \Ωƒ t\ctØ
Xs∂ sNbvXp-h-cp∂Xm-Wv.
Zp:B sNøm\pw A\pKl߃
Icÿam°m\pap≈ bYm¿Y am¿Kw
C∂v Rm≥, Fß-s\-bmWv Zp:BIƒ sNtø-≠-sX∂Xnte°v
i≤sNepØm≥ B-K-ln-°p-∂p. Zp:B sNtø-≠- coXnbpw
`mhhpw Xncp-\_n(-k)Xs∂-v \ap°v ]Tn-∏n-®p X∂n´p≠v. CXp-
ap-tJ\ \Ω-fnepw ]cnjvIcWap-≠mhpIbpw ZpB kzoIm-cy
-X-bpsS ImgvN-Iƒ \ap°v ImWm≥ km[n-°pIbpw sNøp
∂XmWv.
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
65
Hcp lZokn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p, lZvdØv Da¿ _n≥ JØm-_v(-d)
]d-bp-∂p \_nXncp-ta\n(k) ]d-™p;. Zp:B BIm-i-Øn\pw
`qan-bv°p-an-S-bn¬ Xßn-\n-ev°p-∂p. \o \ns‚ \_n(-k)\pta¬
kzemØv sNm√mØnStØmfw AXn-sem´pwXs∂ (A√m-lp-
hns‚ Xncp-khn[Øn¬ ka¿∏n-°m≥) apIfnte°v t]mIp∂X√.
(_pJmcn InØm_pzemØv, _m_p am PmA ^o ^Zven
zemØn Ae∂_nøn(k))
Cu bmYm¿YysØ kw_‘n®v A√mlp hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n
¬ \tΩmSv hy‡-ambpw ]dbp∂p. Rm≥ Ct∏mƒ ]mcmbWw
sNbvX BbØn¬ ]dbp∂p;
Xo¿®bmbpw A√m-lphpw Ahs‚ ae-°p-Ifpw \_n°v A\p-
K-l-߃ Biw-kn-°p-∂p. hnizm-kn-Itf! \nßfpw Xncp\_n
°v ta¬ A\p-K-lhpw kam-[m-\hpw t\cp-hn≥. (33:57)
hnip-≤-J-p¿-B-\n¬ sNøm≥ I¬∏n® \nch[n B⁄I-fp-
≠v. AX-\p-k-cn®v ]h-¿Øn-°p∂Xns‚ ^e-ambn A√m-lp-
hns‚ ]nb-s∏-´-h-\mIm\pw Ahs‚ A\p-K-l-߃°v Ah-
Im-in-bmIm\pw Ahs‚ kmao]yw ]m]n-°p-∂-h-\mIm\pw
\c-I-Øn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-Sm\pw kz¿KØn¬ ]th-in-°m\pw
Ignbp-∂XmWv. ChnsS B⁄ -- hep-Xpw alXzam¿∂XpamWv.
A√mlp Xs‚ ae-°p-Isfbpw Cu ]hrØn hym]rXcm°n
bncn°p∂p. A√mlp kzbhpw Xs‚ ]nb-s∏´ \_n-(k)bp-
sS-ta¬ im¥nbpw kam-[m-\hpw t\cp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠v \n
߃ kzemØv sNm√p-tºmƒ Hc¿YØn¬ A√mlp sNøp∂
]h¿Ønsb, I¿asØbmWv \nßfpw ]n¥pScp∂Xv. A√m-
lp-hns‚ Iev]-\-I-f-\p-k-cn®v ]h¿Øn-°ptºmƒ A√mlp
CX-h-enb ]Xn-^ew \evIn-b-\p-K-ln-°p-sa¶n¬ A√mlp
Xm≥Xs∂ sNøp∂ Cu ]h¿Øn sNbvXm¬ FX-amXw A\p-
K-ln°n√? \njvI-f-¶-X-tbmsS sNm√p∂ Cu kzemØv Xo¿®-
bmbpw DΩ-Øns‚ ]cnjvIcWØn\pw DΩØns\ \nµyX
bn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw \Ωp-sS- \hssNX\yØn\pw
66 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
\nanØamIp∂XmWv. \ΩpsS Zp:BIƒ kzoI-cn-°s∏Sm\pw
\ap°v Z÷m-ens‚ ^nXv\Ifn¬\n∂v c£-s∏Sm\pw AXv
hgnsbmcp°p∂XmWv.
lZo-kp-I-fn¬ kzemØv sNm√p-∂-Xns‚ ]tbmP\߃
hnhn[ \nthZ\ßfn¬ \n∂v \ap°v e`n-°p-∂p-≠v. \_n(-k)
]d-™p. JnbmaØv \mfn¬, P\-ß-fn¬ Fs‚ G‰hpw IqSpX¬
kmao]yw e`n°pI F\n°v G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ kzemØv
sNm√nb-h-\m-W-v. (Xn¿anZn, InØm_pzemØv _m_p am PmA
^o ^Zven zemØn Ae∂_nøn(k))
ho≠pw ]dbp∂p: Fs‚ t]cn¬ Bflm-¿Y-ambn Hcp- ]m-
hiyw kzemØv sNm√nbm¬ A√m-lp- Abmƒ°v ta¬ ]Øp
-]m-hiyw A\p-K-lw Biwkn°pw. Ahs‚ ]Øv ]Zhn
I-ƒ Db¿Øp∂XpamWv. (Ah\v ]Øv \∑-Iƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp
-Øpw.) ]Øv ]m]w s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp -°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
(kp\≥ \kmbn, InØm_p lvhv, _m_p am PmA ^o
^Zven zemØn Ae∂_nøn(k))
t\m°p-I, lrZb ]q¿hap≈ \njvIf¶XbmWv \n_‘\.
Zp:B sNøpIbpw sNøn∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂ ]ecpw Fgp
Xp∂p; R߃ Hcp-]mSv Zp:B sNøp∂p, Xm¶fpw Zp:B sNbv
Xmepw. R߃ kzemØpw sNm√p-∂p-≠v. ]t£, \o≠-Ime
ambn´pw RßfpsS Zp:BIƒ kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n√. \_n (k)
]dbp∂p: kzmZn-J≥Ωn∂^vkn AXmbXv BXvam¿Yambn
kzemØv sNm√p-I. kzemØv sNm√p-tºmƒ Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw
Bfl-]-cn-tim-[\ \S-ØpI. kz¥w lrZbsØ hnebncpØpI,
AXn¬ FX-amXw uXn-I-XbpsS Ie¿∏p-s≠∂pw kzemØv
sNm√p-∂-Xn¬ FX-amXw i≤bps≠∂pw t\m°p-I.
lZvdØvv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) CXp-kw-_-‘-ambn ]d-bp-∂p.
“ kzem-Øv, CkvXn-Jm-aØv’’ AYhm ssÿcyw In´p∂Xn\p
≈ Hcp k^eamb am¿K-am-Wv, AXv [mcm-f-am-bn sNm√p-I.
]t£ BNmctam ioetam F∂ \ne-bv°√. adn®v \_n(k)
-bpsS kuµcytØbpw HuZmcy-tØbpw ap≥\n¿Ønbpw Xncp
\_nbpsS ]Z-hn-I-fptSbpw ÿm\-ß-fp-tSbpw A`n-hr-≤n°pw
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
67
Xncp\_nbpsS hnP-b-Øn\p th≠n-bp-am-bn-cn°Ww. X¬^e-
ambn Zp:B kzoIm-cy-X-bpsS am[p-cy-ap≈Xpw Bkzm-Zy-I-c-
hp-amb I\n-Iƒ \n߃°v e`n°p∂XmWv.’’ (dnhyq Hm^v
dneoPnb≥kv D¿Zp, `mKw:3, \º¿:1, t]Pv:115)
CXmWv kzemØv sNmt√≠ coXn.
B almXvamhv ho≠pw ]dbp∂p;
“(P\ßtf!) Imcp-Wy-hm-\pw, HuZmcyhm-\p-amb A√m-lp-
hns‚ kzn^ØpIfpsS ..-Kp-Whn-ti-jß-fpsS.. ]Xo-Iamb
Cu aplvkn≥(alma\kvI≥) \_n-°pta¬ kzemØv sNm√p-
I. ImcWw \∑-bv°p≈ ]Xyp]Imcw \∑ -X-s∂-bm-Wv. Xncp
\_n(k)s‚ HuZm-cy-ßsf-°p-dn®v Aht_m[-an-√mØ lrZ-b
Øn¬ H∂pIn¬ Cuam≥ Xs∂bn-√. As√-¶n¬ AXv Cuams\
\in-∏n-°m≥ t]m∂Xm-Wv. A√m-lp-th, ap≥Km-an-Isf BXvao
bPew sIm≠v kwXr]vXam°nbXp-t]mse ]n≥Km-anI-tfbpw
kwXr]vX\m°nb Cu \nc-£-c ]hmNI\pta¬ \o im¥nbpw
kam-[m-\hpw t\¿∂m-epw. B almXva≥ Ahsc Xs‚ h¿W
Øn¬ B°p-Ibpw Ahsc ]cn-ip-≤-cn¬ Dƒs∏Sp-Øp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.’’ (CAvPmkp¬ akolv, dqlm\n Jkmbn≥
`mKw:18, t]Pv:5,6)
Cßs\ Bflm¿Yambn kzemØv sNm√p-tºmƒ AXpsIm≠v
Hcp PamAØo h¿Whpap≠m-Ipw. At∏mƒ B kzemØv
AXns‚ ]`mhhpw ]ISam-°p-∂-XmWv. kzemØns‚ ]`m
hap≠mIp∂ns√∂ns√∂v ]d-bp-∂-h¿°v Cu lZo-kn¬ \n
∂pw lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ hm°pIfn¬ \n∂pw
Imcyw hy‡-amIp∂XmWv. Hcn-°epw kzemØv sNm√p-∂-
Xn¬ AkzkvXX tXm∂cpXv, adn®v Bfl]cn-tim-[\ \S
Øns°m≠ncnt°≠Xm-Wv. \_n(-k) ]dbp∂p; F\n°v-ta¬
kzemØv sNm√m-Ø-h≥ henb epœ\pw ]nip-°-\pamWv. Cu
]nip-°ns‚ ]m]w hln-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-sSm∏w A√m-lp-hns‚
A\p-K-l-ßfn¬\n∂v ]n¥-≈-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ImcWw
Hcp- ]m-hiyw kzemØv sNm√p-∂-h\pta¬ A√mlp ]Øv ]m
hiyw A-\p-Kl߃ sNmcnbp-∂p-sh∂v ]d-™Xv \mw I≠-
68 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
Xm-Wv. (PemD¬ C^vlmw, t]Pv:318, D≤rXw: kp\≥ \kmbn)
A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂p≈ kam-[m\w Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂ B\
µelcn ImcWw \_n(-k)bpsS klm_m°fpw lZvdØv
akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ Nne klm_m°fpw as‰√m Zp:BIfpw
Dt]-£n-®p-sIm≠v \_n-bpsSta¬ kzemØv amXamWv sNm√n-
bn-cp-∂Xv.
Hcp \nth-Z-\-Øn¬ \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n ]dbp∂p: Fs∂∏‰n
]cma¿in°s∏-Sp-Ibpw ]t£ Fs‚ t]cn¬ kzemØv sNm√m-
Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂Xv hI-kz-`m-hhpw AhKW\bp-am-Wv.
(PemD¬ C^vlmw, t]Pv:327, ]km[\w:1897, AarXvk¿)
lZvdØvv A_q-_-°¿ kn±o-Jv(-d) ]d-bp∂p: \_n(-k) Xncp-
\_n(k)bpsSta¬ kzemØv sNm√p∂Xv ASn-aIsf tamNn-
∏n-°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ tijvT-am-Wv. Xncp\_nbpsS
kmao]yw A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿KØn¬ Poh≥ _en-b¿]n-°p-
∂-Xn-t\-°mfpw, PnlmZv sNøp-∂-Xn-t\-°mfpw DØaam-Wv.
(X^vsk¿ Zp¿sd a≥kq¿, D≤rXw: XmcoJv h X¿Ko_v
Akzv^lm\n, D≤rXw: ZpdqZv ico^v t]Pv: 160)
Ct∏mƒ \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ \ma-am-X-amb Pnlm-Zv- a-‰p-≈-
h-tcm-Sp≈ bp≤hpw ]c-kv]cw Igp-Ø-dp-°-epamWv. Adn-hn-√m-
Ø-hcpw \nc-£-c-cp-amb apkvenw-I-fpsS hnImcsØ DtØ-Pn-
∏n-®p-sIm≠v (Ch¿ aXhnImcw ImcWw XßfpsS CkvemanI
A`nam\w ]ISn∏n®psIm≠v sX‰pIƒ sNøpIbmWv)- Ah¿°v
sX‰mb am¿KZ¿i\w \¬Ip-∂Xv GXv Ckvem-am-sW∂v De-
am-°-tfmSv tNmZn-°p-I. Xncp\_n(k)-sb-°p-dn-®v \n߃ Aln-
X-amb hm°pIfpw Imcyßfpw tIƒ°p-tºm-ƒ, Xncp\_n(k)
bpsS \∑Iƒ hnh-cn-°p-Ibpw Xncp\_n(k)\pta¬ kzemØv
sNm√p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂-Xm-W-v Ckvem-anI ]mTw, CXv \nß-
fpsS Pnlm-Znt\-°ƒ tijvT-am-Wv. Poh≥ \¬Ip∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ
\√Xv ]m¿Y\-I-fn-te°pw kzem-Øn-te°pw i≤n-°pIbm-Wv.
lZvdØv akolv auDu-Z-n(-A)s‚ Cu Ime-L- -Øn¬ ImTn\y
Øn\p]Icw Zp:BIfnepw kzemØnepw Du∂¬\¬Ins°m≠v
AXn-t\m-sSm∏w XßfpsS ]cnjvIcWØn\pw ]bXv\n
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
69
t°≠XmWv. \Ωƒ FX-amXw \_n(-k)sb kvt\ln°p
∂hcmsW∂v Bfl-]-cn-tim-[\ \S-Øp-I. CXv Nne hn`mK
ßfpsS kzm¿Yem`w ImcWw \tΩ-bpw AKv\n®pcpfpIfnte°v
\bn°p∂ Xmev°m-en-I Bth-i-amtWm? (F∂pw hnebncp
ØpI)
AXp-sIm≠v \ΩpsS ]cn-jvIcW-Øn-te°v i≤n-°p-∂-Xn
t\m-sSm∏w Np‰p-]m-Sp-ap≈ apkvenw-Iƒ°v Imcy-߃ a\-n-
em-°n-s°m-Sp-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa-¶n¬, sX‰mb am¿Kw kzoI-cn-°-
cp-sX∂pw A√m-lphpw Ahs‚ dkqepw C„-s∏´ am¿Kw
kzoI-cn-°p-I-sb∂pw Xo¿®bmbpw ]d™v a\-n-em-°n-s°m-
Sp-°Ww. \ap°v B am¿Kw ]d™pX∂ncn°p∂p. AXmbXv
dkq¬ Xncpta\n(k) ]dbp∂p; Fs‚ Xr]vXn Ic-ÿ-am-°p-I
bpw kz¿K-Øn¬ t]mhp-Ibpw sNø-W-sa-¶n¬ F\n°pta¬
kzemØv sNm√pI.
Hcp \nth-Z-\-Øn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. A–p-√m-lv _n≥ akv-
Du-Zv(-d) \nth-Z\w sNøp-∂p. Xncp\_n(k) ]d™p: “Fs‚
ta¬ kzemØv sNm√m-Ø-h\v bmsXmcp Zo\p-an-√.’’ (PemD¬
C^vlmw, D≤rXw: aplΩZv _n\p laZm≥ adqkn)
as‰m-c-h-k-c-Øn¬ Xncp\_n(k) ]d-™p, “A√m-lp-hns\
IqSpX¬ IqSpX¬ kvacn-°p∂Xpw F\n°p-ta¬ kzemØv
sNm√p∂Xpw _p≤nap´pIƒ ZqcoIcn°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ am¿Kam-
Wv.’’ (PemD¬ C^vlmw, ^kvep¬ aphXzn\n mZnkp h¬
Civdq\ an≥ ahmXzn\n zemXn Aebvln(k) C≥Z¬ aman
^nJvcn Hu Ju^v)
CXn¬ \nXy-hr-Øn-°p≈ sRcp-°ap-≠v. kmlNcyßfpsS
]bmkap-≠v. Ct∏m-gm-sW-¶n¬ apkvenw-I-fp-sS-taepw ]bm
k߃ D≠mbns°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. ]m›m-Xy¿ X߃°mbn
Hcp \nb-ahpw apkvenw cm„-߃°mbn as‰mcp \nbahpamWv
sh®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. CXn-\p≈ G‰hpw \√ ]Xnhn[n \_n(-k)-
°p-ta¬ IqSp-X¬ IqSp-X¬ kzemØv sNm√pIbpw kzemØv
sNm√p-∂-Xp-ambn A√mlp _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-sh-®n-cn-°p∂ A\p-
Klßsf ]tbmP\s∏SpØpIbpamWv.
70 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
Hcp \nthZ\ap≠v. (Ipd®p mKw t\ctØbpw hnhcn®XmWv)
CXns‚ hniZoIcWw ChntSbpw hcp∂p≠v. lZvdØv A\-kv(-d)
\nth-Z\w sNøp∂p, Xncp\_n(-k) -]d™p: “JnbmaØv \m
fn¬ Hmtcm `bm-\-I-amb ÿeØpw \nß-fn¬\n∂v Ft∂mSv
G‰hpw ASp-Øp≠mIpI Cu -tem-IØv F\n°pta¬ G‰
hpw IqSp-X¬ kzemØv sNm√n-b- Bfmbncn°pw.’’ (X^vko¿
Zp¿sd a≥kq¿, D≤rXw: ipAv_¬ Cuam≥ en¬ ss_lJn
& XmcoJv C_v\p AkmIn¿)
t\m°p-I, JnbmaØv \mfn¬ Xncp\_n(-k)bpsS AcnIØv
CSw In´-m\pw `oXnZamb F√m ÿe-ß-fnepw Xncp\_nbpsS
tIm¥e- ]n-Sn-®p- \oßm\pw BcmWv BK-ln-°m-Ø-Xv? F√m-
hcpw A√m-lp-hns‚ tIm[-Øn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-Sm≥ BK-ln-
°p∂p. AXn¬\n∂v c£-s∏-Sm\pw \_n-bpsS kmao]yØn-\p-
ap≈ am¿Kw kzemØv sNm√pIbmsW∂v \_n(k) \ap°v ]
d™pX∂ncn°p∂p. AXp-sIm≠v F√m kabØpw apAvan≥
kzemØv sNm√p∂Xnte°v i≤n°pIbpw Hmtcm kµ¿ -Øn¬
\n∂pw ]tbm-P-\saSpØpsIm≠v kzemØv sNmt√-≠-Xpam-Wv.
Hcp \nthZ\w hcp∂p≠v. lZvdØv A\-kv(-d) \nth-Z\w
sNøp∂p. \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: “Hcp Znhkw Bbn-
cw -X-hW F\n°pta¬ kzemØv sNm√p-∂bmƒ Cu Pohn-
X-Øn¬Xs∂, kz¿K-Øn-se Xs‚ ]Zhn ImWp-∂-Xm-W-v.’’ (PemD¬ C vlmw, D≤rXw: C_v\p¬ Kmkn h InXm_p zemØn
Ae∂_nøn en A_o A–p√mlv A¬apJ±kn)
kzem-Øns‚ A\p-KlwsIm≠v D≠mIp∂ am‰ßƒ Cu
temIPohn-XtØbpw kz¿Kobam°p∂XmWv.- Cu I¿ahpw
\∑Ifpw ]cnip≤am‰-ß-fpw Cu temIØv kz¿K-ap-≠m
°p∂tXmsSm∏w ASp-Ø -tem-IØnepw kz¿KØns‚ Ah-Im-
in-I-fm-°n-Øo¿°p-∂XmWv.
lZvdØv A–p-√m-lv_n≥ Awdn-_v\n¬ Bkv(d) \nth-Z\w
sNøp-∂p. \_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n Cßs\ ]dbp∂Xmbn At±lw
tI´p:
“_m¶v tIƒ°p-tºmƒ _m¶v sImSp°p∂bmƒ ]d-bp-∂-
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
71
hm°pIƒ \nßfpw Bh¿Øn°Ww. ]ns∂ F\n°pta¬
kzemØv sNm√Ww. F\n°p kzemØv sNm√p∂h\v ta¬
A√mlp ]Øp XhW A\p-K-lw h¿jn°pw. XpS¿∂v ]d
™p; F\n°v th≠n A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv \n߃ hko-eØv Bh-
iy-s∏-S-Ww. AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ Zmk-∑m-cn¬ Hcmƒ°v amXw
e`n°p∂ kz¿K-Øn-se ]ZhnIfn¬ Hcp ]Z-hn-bm-Wv.- Rm≥ ]
Xo-£n°p∂Xv AXv Rm\m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂mWv. F\n°p th≠n
A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv hko-eØv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂bmƒ°v Fs‚
in]m¿i Ah\v A\phZn°s∏Sp∂XmWv.’’ (kzlolv apkvenw,
InXm_pzemXv, _m_p CkvXnPm_p¬ Juen ankve Jue¬
apA±n\n ena≥ kanA kpΩ bpkz√n Ae ∂_nøn(k))
_m¶n\p tij-ap≈ Zp;B Hmtcm Alva-Znbpw a\:]mT-am-°p-
I-bpw sNm√p-Ibpw thWw. kzemØv sNm√p∂Xns‚ ]m[m-\y
hpw kzemØv sIm≠p≈ ]tbmP\ßfpw hy‡-am-bn-°-gn-
™p. F∂m¬, NnebmfpIƒ Fßs\bmWv kzem-Øv sNmt√-
≠-sX∂v tNmZn-°mdp≠v. ]e BfpIfpw ]eXcw kzemØpIƒ
D≠m°nbn´p≠v. F∂m¬ CXp-kw-_-‘-ambn Hcp lZo-kp-≠v.
lZvdØvv IAv_v _n≥ DPvd(d) \nth-Z-\w- sN-øp∂p: “R߃
tNmZn-®p: bm dkqe√mlv! Atßbv°p kemw ]dbm≥ Rß
ƒ°-dn-bmw. ]t£, Atßbv°p -ta¬ kzem-Øv sNmt√-≠-Xv
Fß-s\-bmWv? \_n(-k) ]d™p: “]d-bp-I,
(Xn¿anZn. A_vhm_p¬ hnXv¿, _m_p am PmA ^o kzn
^ØnzemXn Ae ∂_nøn(k))
\nkvIm-c-Ønep≈ kzemØv Ipd®pIqSn hni-Zambn´p-≈-Xm-Wv.
CXp-kw-_-‘-ambn B¿t°m D]tZin®p sIm≠v FgpXnb
IØn¬ lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)]d-bp∂p.
“Xm¶ƒ Xl÷pZv \akvIm-cØnepw ]Xnhv kvtXmXßfnepw
\naKv\\mIpI. Xl÷pZn¬ Hcp-]mSv A\p-Klßfp≠v. A√m
lp ]d-bp∂p,
72 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
Xncp\_n-(k)bpsS A\p-Krl-oX \mhneqsS \n¿Kan® kzem-
Øp-X-s∂-bmWv G‰hpw DØ-a-am-bXv. AXnßs\bmWv;
]dbp∂p:
tZmj_m[sb kq£n°p∂ HcmfpsS hmbn¬\n∂v ]pd
s∏Sp∂ hm°p-I-ƒ Xo¿-®bmbpw Hcp ]cn[nhsc A\pKrlo
XamWv. BbXn\m¬ tZmj_m[sb kq£n°p∂h-cpsS t\
Xmhpw \_n-am-cpsS ssk\ym[n]-\p-ambhcpsS hmbn¬ \n
∂v \n¿Kan°p∂ hm°p-Iƒ FX-amXw A\p-Kr-lo-X-am-bn-cn-
°psa∂v Nn¥n®p t\m°pI. Npcp-°-Øn¬ F√m-Øcw kzem-
Øp-I-fn¬\n∂pw Cu kzemØv Xs∂bmWv G‰hpa[nIw A\p
KrloXambn´p≈Xv.’’ (kzemØns‚ ]e hI t`Zßfpap≠v.
AXn¬ Cu kzemØmWv G‰hpw IqSpX¬ A\pKrloXw)
“CXp-X-s∂-bmWv Cu hn\o-Xs‚ \nXykvtXmXhpw. CX-sb
Æw thW-sa∂v \n¿_-‘-an-√. Bflm¿YXambpw kvt\l-
tØmtSbpw lrZ-b-km-∂n-≤y-tØmtSbpw hn\bm\znX\mbpw
kzemØv sNm√Ww. B¿ZXbptSbpw D∑m-ZØnt‚bpw ]`m
hØnt‚bpw Ahÿbpw lrZbhnimeXbpw Xm¬]cyhpw
D≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-hsc kzemØv sNm√n-s°m-≠n-cnt°≠XmWv.’’ (a‡q_msØ AlvaZv, `mKw: 1, t]Pv: 17,18)
Rm≥ ]d-™-Xp-t]m-se, Cu kzemØv Xs∂bmWv \akv
Im-c-Øn¬ \mw sNm√p∂Xv. A[nIhpw CXp Xs∂bmWv sNm
t√≠Xpw. lZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A) ]dbp∂p, FÆa√
t\mt°≠Xv.
lZo-kn¬, Bbncw ]mhiyw sNm√Ww F∂p ]d-™Xns‚
Xmev]cyw FXbpw IqSpX¬ sNm√pI F∂m-Wv. lZvdØvv
akolv auDu-Zv(-A)Dw Nnebm-fp-ItfmSv FÆsØ°pdn®v ]
d™n´p≠v. NnetcmSv Znhkhpw 700 XhW sNm√Wsa∂pw
1100 ]mhiyw sNm√Wsa∂pw ]d™n´p≠v. Cu Iev]\
Hmtcm hy‡n-bp-tSbpw Ah-ÿbpw \ne-hmchp-a\p-kcn®v
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
73
amdp∂XmWv. GXmbmepw Cu kzemØv sNmt√≠XmWv.
AXpsIm≠v Rm≥ Jnem- Øv iX-hm¿jnI Pq_nen Zp:BI-
fn-epw lZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A)s‚ C¬lmao Zp:B
tN¿Øn´p≠v.
CXp IqSmsX kzemØv ]q¿Wambpw sNm√m\pw ]d-™n-
cp-∂p. ImcWw Xncp\_n(-k) sNm√nb bYm¿Y kzemØv \
ΩpsS Zp:BI-fn¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. ]t£
Hcp Imcyw, lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) ]d-™-Xp-t]mse Hcp
]tXyI Ahÿ kwPmXamIp∂ hn[Øn¬ kzem-Øn¬ eo\
ambns°m≠v sNmt√-≠-XmWv. Aßs\bmbm¬ A√m-lp-hns‚
A\p-K-l߃°pw \mw Ah-Im-in-I-fm-bn amdp∂XmWv.-
hnPb߃ Zp:BbneqsS amXta IcKXamIq
CXv ImeL´w BJcos‚ (]n≥Km-an-I-fpsS) Ime-L-´-am-Wv.
Ckvem-ans‚ hnPb߃ Cu ImeL´hpambn _‘-s∏-´n-cn-
°p-∂p.- \aps°√mw Adnbmhp∂Xpt]mse Cu hnP-b-߃
hm-fp-Ifpw tXm°p-Ifpw Bbp[t°m∏pIfpw shSnbp≠Ifpw
aptJ-\-b√ D≠mIpI, CXn\p≈ G‰hpw henb Bbp[w
Zp:Bbm-Wv. ]ns∂ lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)\v \¬I-s∏´
sXfn-hp-I-fptSbpw -]-am-W-ß-fptSbpw Bbp-[amWv. C≥im-A-
√mlv CXp-ap-tJ\ Xs∂bmWv Ckvemw hnP-bn-°pI. Zp:BIƒ
kzoIcn°s∏Sp∂Xn\pw A√m-lp-hns‚ kmao-]yhpw A\p-K
-l-ßfpw- I-c-ÿ-am-°p-∂Xn\pw \_n-(k)-°pta¬ kzemØv
sNm√m≥ A√mlp \tΩmSv ]d-™Xv Jp¿B≥ kq‡Øn¬
\mw I≠XmWv, Xn-cp\_n(k)°v-ta¬ kzemØv sNm√msX
CsXm∂pw km[y-a-s√∂v lZoknepw \mw I≠p. lZvdØv
akolv auDuZv(-A)Dw CXpXs∂bmWv ]d™Xv, AXmbXv
X\n°v In´n-b ÿm\w Cu kzemØv \nanØw Xs∂bmWv
e`n®Xv. Ckvem-ans‚ hcm\ncn°p∂ hnP-b-ßfp-ambn CXn\v
]tXyI _‘-ap-≠v. Xs‚ ÿm\sØ°pdn®v, AXmbXv
alvZo akolmbn A√mlp Xs∂ \ntbm-Kn-®-Xn-s\-°pdn®v Hcp
C¬lmw ]cma¿in®psIm≠v At±lw ]d-bp∂p:
74 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
BZw k¥XnI-fpsS t\Xmhpw JmØap∂_nøo-\p-amb
apl-Ω-Zv(k)\pw XncpIpSpw-_Øn\pwta¬ kzemØv sNm√p-
hn≥. ssZhn-Iamb F√m ]Z-hn-Ifpw A\p-K-l-ßfpw HuZmcy-
ßfpw Xncp\_n(k) aptJ-\-bmWv e`n-°pIsb∂pw AXv
Xncp\_n(k)sb kvt\ln-°p-∂-Xns‚ kΩm\amsW∂pw CXv
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. kp_vlm-\-√mlv. AlZhs‚ Xncpkhn[Øn¬
Cu ]]©-\mbI\v FXamXw D∂-X]ZhnIfmWp≈Xv,
FØcØn-ep≈ kmao-]y-amWv, Xncp\_nbpsS t]an A√m-
lp-hns‚ kvt\lnX\m-bn-Øo-cp∂p, Xncp\_nbpsS tkh-I≥
temIØns‚ bP-am-\\mbn amdp-∂p.”(AXmbXv temIw
AbmfpsS tkhI\mbn amdp∂p) “….. Ct∏mƒ Rm≥ Hm¿
°pIbmWv, Hcp cmXn Cu Ffnbh≥ hfscb[nIw kzemØv
sNm√n,- Aßs\ lrZbhpw a\pw AXv aptJ\ kpK‘]qcn
X-am-bn. B cmXn-bn¬ kz]v\w ImWpIbmWv, am[pcyap≈
ioXf]m\obw t]mse ]Im-i-Øns‚ IqP-Iƒ Cu hn\o-Xs‚
`h\Ønte°v (ae-°p-Iƒ) sIm≠p-h-cp∂p. Ah-cn-sem-cmƒ
]d™p: CXv \o apl-Ω-Zns‚ khn[Øn-te°v Ab® kzem-
Øns‚ A\p-K-l-߃ Xs∂bmWv.?
AtX-t]mse A¤p-X-Ic-amb as‰mcp kw`-hw Hm¿a-hcp-
∂p. Hcn°¬ C¬lmap-≠m-bn. AXns‚ A¿Yw C]-Im-c-am-
Wv.- ae°p-Iƒ A`n-]m-b-`n-∂-X-bn-em-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, ssZhn-I
BKlw Zo\ns‚ Pohn∏n°p∂Xn\v th≠n Bth-i-Øn--em-
Wv.’’ (Zo\ns\ ]p\cp÷ohn∏n°m≥) “]t£, Zo\ns\ ]p\
cp÷ohn-∏n-°p∂ hy‡n- BcmsW∂v ae°pIƒ°v \nP
s∏SpØns°mSpØn´n√.’’(BcmWv Pohn∏n°pIsb∂v Adn
bp∂n√) “AXp-sIm-≠-mWv Ah¿ A`n]mb-`n-∂-X-bn-embn
cn°p∂Xv. AXn\nSbn¬ Rm≥ kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠Xv, BfpIƒ
]p\cp÷oh\w \¬Ip∂ Hcmsf A--t\zjn®v \S°p∂XmWv.
Hcmƒ Cu hn\o-Xs‚ ap∂n¬h∂v Nq≠n-s°m≠v ]d™p
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
75
AXmbXv Ct±lamWv dkqep√mlv(k)s\ kvt\ln-°p∂
hy‡n. Cu hmNIØns‚ A¿Yw, Cu ÿm\Øn-\p≈ G‰hpw
alØmb \n_-‘\ dkq-ent\mSp≈ kvt\la-m-Wv. AXv Cu
hy‡n-bn¬ sXfnbn°s∏´XmWv.’’(AXmbXv Ct±lØn¬
D≠v)
“AXpt]mseØs∂ ta¬ ]cma¿in® C¬lman¬ dkq-
ens‚ IpSpw-_Øn\p-taepw kzemØv sNm√m-\p≈ Iev]-\-
bp≠v. AXnepw CtX clkyamWp≈Xv, AXmbXv ssZhn-I-
]-Im-i-Øns‚ A\pKlw e`n°p∂Xn¬ Xncp-\-_n(k)-bpsS
IpSpw-_tØmSp≈ kvt\l-Øn\pw Atß-b‰w henb ]¶p≠-v.
ssZh-km-ao]yw ]m]n-®-h-cn¬ Dƒs∏Sp∂ hy‡n B ]cn-ip-
≤-cp-tSbpw ]hn-X-cp-tSbpw A\-¥-cm-h-Imiw ]m]-n°p-∂p.
F√m Adn-hp-I-fnepw ⁄m\-ß-fnepw Ah-cpsS Ah-Im-in-
bmbnØocp-∂p.’’ (_dmlos\ AlvaZnøm, \mev `mK߃
ASn°pdn∏ns‚ ASn°pdn∏v, mKw:3, dqlm\n Jkmbn≥ mKw:
1, t]Pv: 597,598)
Ckvemans‚ \jvSs∏´ ]Xm]w ]p\ÿm]n°m≥,
akolv auDuZns‚ PamAØn¬
`mK`m°mbn ]bXv\nt°≠Xv A\nhmcyamWv
Npcp°Øn¬ C∂v Zo\ns\ Pohkp‰Xm°m≥, Ckvem-
ans‚ hn\jvSamb ]Xm]hpw ]uVnbpw kuµ-cyhpw
Xncn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-cm≥, \_n(-k)-\p th≠n ]Xn-tcm-[\nc
Xo¿°m≥ A√mlp \ntbmKn® tbm≤mhn-\p ]n∂n¬ \oßn
s°m≠v, A√mlp At±lØn\p ]d™p sImSpØ sXfn
hpIfpw ]amWßfpw aptJ\, At±-l-Øns‚ A[ym-]-\-sØ
]mh¿ØnIam°ns°m≠v Ckvem-an-t‚bpw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-
bp-tSbpw ]XmI ]q¿W-tim-`-tbm-Spw ]q¿W ]uVntbmSpw
temIØv ]dØp∂Xm-Wv. C≥im-A-√m-lv. ]dØns°m≠ncn°p-
∂-Xpam-Wv.
lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) Cu Im-eL´Øns‚ ]m[m\yw
hnh-cn-®p-sIm≠pw P\ßfpsS i≤ £Wn®psIm≠pw ]
d-bp-∂p: AXns‚ Npcp°w Cßs\bmWv; Ckvem-an-\p-ta¬
76 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
FX ItTm-c-amb Znh-k-ßfmWv, AXp-sIm-≠mWv A√mlp,
hn\jvSamb ]Xm]w ]p\:ÿm]n°m≥ Hcp ]ÿm\w
ÿm]n®Xv. AXpsIm≠v apkvenwItfmSv ]dbpIbmWv, \n
߃ ]nSn-hmin Dt]£n®v Nn¥n-°p-I; Xncp\_n(k)ta¬
A\pKlminkpIƒ h¿jn®psIm≠ncn°p∂ A√mlp, \_n
(-k)-bp-sS- AkvXnXzØn\pta¬ F√m- m-K-Øp-\n∂pw BI-a-W-
ap-≠m-Ip∂ CØcw kµ¿`-Ønepw, Xncp\_nbpsS A`n-am-\w
ÿm]n°m≥ Bth-i-]q¿hw h∂n-s√-∂mtWm?
apgph≥ D≤-cWnbpw Cßs\bm-Wv. “Cu Imew FX
[\y-am-Wv. A√mlp Cu IepjnXamb Zn\ßfn¬ Xs‚
ImcpWyØm¬ Xn-cp\_n(-k)-bpsS alØzw ]I-Sn-∏n-°m
≥ A\p-Kr-lo-X-amb Cu Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-ØpsIm≠v AZr-iy-
ambn Ckvem-ans‚ klmbØn-\p≈ kwhn[m\ap≠m°pIbpw
Hcp ]ÿm\ap≠m°pIbpw sNbvXp. Ckvem-an-\p-th≠n th
Z-\-n°p∂htcmSpw AXns‚ A¥pw hnebpw AIXmcn¬
D≈htcmSpw \mw tNmZn-°m-\m-K-ln-°p-I-bmWv; Xn-cp\_n
(k)-s\ A]-l-kn-°p-Ibpw hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs\ \nµn°pIbpw
sNbvXpsIm≠v CXamXw iImcapXn¿Ø CXn-s\-°mƒ ITn\
amb Hcp Imew CXn-\paptº Ckvem-an-\p-≠m-bn- pt≠m? ]ns∂
apkvenw-I-fpsS Ahÿbn¬ hfsc k¶Shpw lrZbthZ\
bpw D≠mIp∂p. amXa√ Cu A\mZchv a\nem°m\p≈
t_m[w t]mepw Ch¿°v Ahtijn°p∂ns√∂ Cu thZ\
ImcWw Nne kabØv Rm≥ AkzkvX\mIp∂p. CXamXw
iImcap≠mIptºmgpw dkq¬ Xncpta\n(k)s‚ A¥n\p
th≠n ssZhnI ]ÿm\w ÿm]n°m\pw Ckvem-ans‚ iXp-
°-fpsS hmbS∏n®v Xncp\_n(k)bpsS alXzhpw ]cnip≤nbpw
temIØv ]cØm\pw A√mlphn\v kΩXas√t∂m? A√m-lp
Xm≥ Xs∂bpw Ahs‚ ae-°p-Ifpw Xn-cp-\_n(k)°v-ta¬
A\p-K-lm-in-p-Iƒ t\cp∂p≠v Xm\pw. F∂ncns° Cu
Ahtlfn°s∏Sp∂ kabØv B kzemØv ]I-S-am-t°-≠Xv
FX-amXw A\nhmcyam-Wv. AXns‚ ]pe¿®bmWv A√mlp
Cu ]ÿm\Øns‚ cq]-Øn¬ sNbvXn- p-≈-Xv.’’ (a¬^qkmØv,
`mKw: 3, t]Pv: 8,9 ]pXnb FUnj≥)
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
77
Cu hmNIw t\m°pI, lZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A)te°v
Xßsf tN¿Øp ]dbp∂ Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øn-\p Cßs\
henb DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-amWv h∂ptNcp∂Xv.
BbXn\m¬ Xncp\_n(k)s\Xncn¬ A]-a-cym-Z-bpsS sIm
Sp¶m‰Sn°p∂ CØcw L´-Øn¬ Cu Xo¿®-bmbpw A√m-lp-
hns‚ ae-°p-Iƒ \_n(k)°v-ta¬ A\p-K-lm-in-kp-Iƒ t\
cp-∂p≠mIpw. A√, t\cp-∂p-≠v, t\¿∂psIm≠ncn°pIbpw
sNøp∂XmWv. Xßsf dkq¬ Xncpta\n(k)s‚ kXyk‘
\mb t]anbpsS, Camapams‚ (ImeØns‚ Camw)]ÿm
\hpambn, At±lØns‚ PamAØpambn _‘s∏SpØn
bncn°p∂ \ΩptSbpw I¿aw \ΩpsS Zp:BIsf kzemØn¬
hm¿sØSpsØSp°Ww. A¥co£Øn¬ kXylrZbtØmsS
Hcp]mSv kzemØpIƒ hnXdphn≥, FXtØmfsa∂m¬ A¥-
co-£-Ønse Hmtcm IWnIbn¬ \n∂pw kzemØpImcWw
kpK‘w han°s´, \ΩpsS F√m Zp:BIfpw Cu kzem-Øn
s‚ am[y-ÿw sIm≠v A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncpkhn[Øn¬
kzoIm-cyXbpsS ÿm\w Icÿam°s´. Xncp\_n(-k)t\m
Spw AhnSsØ IpSpw_Ønt\mSpw \ap°p≠mtI≠ kvt\
l-Øn-t‚bpw t]a-Øn-t‚bpw _ln¿kv^pcWw Cßs\
bmbncn°Ww.
Cu ssZh\ntbmKnXs\ Xncn®dnbm\pw cRvPn∏nt‚bpw
im¥nbptSbpw kvt\lØnt‚bpw A¥co£w krjvSn®psIm≠v
dkq¬ Xncpta\n(k)s‚ ÿm\w Db¿Øn∏nSn°p∂ Xncp\_n
bpsS BXvaob kpXs‚ PamAØn¬ `mK`m°mIm\pw
A√mlp, apkvenw DΩ-Øn\v _p≤nbpw hnthIhpw \evIp-am-
dm-I-s´.
A√mlp Ch¿°v _p≤n \¬IpamdmIs´, \_n(k)te°v
Ch¿ Xßsf tN¿Øv ]dbp∂hcmWv. F∂n´pw t\m°p-I,
1400 h¿j߃°v tijhpw Cu apl¿dw am-k-Øn¬ AtX
aÆn¬ ho≠pw apkvenw-Iƒ apkvenw-I-fpsS c‡-sam-gp-°p-I-
bm-Wv. ]t£ Ah¿ Hcn°epw ]mTw ]Tn®n´n-√. Ct∏mgpw
tNmc Hgp-°n-s°m-t≠-bn-cn-°p-Ibm-Wv. A√mlp Ch¿°v
78 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
_p≤n \¬IpIbpw, Ch¿ Cu ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬\n∂v ]n
¥n-cn-bp∂hcpw XßfpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ ssZh-`bap≈hcpw
Ckvem-ans‚ bYm¿Y A≤ym]\a-\p-k-cn®v ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-
cpambnXocpamdmI-s´.Ch¿ CsX√mw sNbvXpsIm≠ncn°p∂Xv
Ime-Øns‚ Cam-ans\ Xncn-®-dn-bm-Ø-Xp-sIm≠pw \_n-Xn-cp-ta-
\n-bpsS Iev]-\sb \ntj-[n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠pam-Wv.
C∂v Cu ImeL´Øns‚ Cam-ans\ Xncn-®-dn-™´p≈, Hmtcm
Alva-ZnbptSbpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Øw hfsc mcn® DØ-c-hm-Zn-Øw,
Xn-cp\_n-(k)t\m-Sp≈ kvt\lm-th-i-Øm¬ IqSpX¬ IqSpX¬
kzemØv sNm√p-I F∂XmWv. X߃°p- th-≠nbpw CXc
apkvenw-Iƒ°p th≠nbpw ]m¿Y\m\ncXcmIpI, A√mlp
apkvenw DΩØns\ \mi-Øn¬\n∂v c£n-°pamdmIs´-.
Xn-cp\_n-(k)t\m-Sp≈ kvt\lw, \ΩpsS Zp:BI-fn¬ apkv
enw DΩØn\pw Hcp]mSv CSw \¬Im≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂p.
A\y-cpsSbpw Dt±-iy-߃ icn-b-√. Cu apkvenw-Iƒ°v FX
amXw ]bmkßfpw ]co£Wßfpw ]cnh´ßfpamWv t\
cntS≠nhcnIsb∂pw Fs¥√mw BkqXWßfmWv Ch
¿s°Xn¬ D≠mbns°m≠ncn°p∂sX∂pw Adnbn√. A√mlp
Xs∂ IcpW sNøpam-dmI-s´.
A√mlp \sΩ Ft∏mgpw t\cmb ]mX-bn-eqsS \S-Øp-am-
dm-I-s´. A√m-lp-hns‚ \µn-bp≈ Zmk-cm-bn-Øo-cpI, Ah≥
\ap°v Cu ImeL´Øns‚ Cam-ans\ AwKoIcn°m≥ ku
`mKyw \evInb-Xn\v Ah-t\mSv IrX⁄Xbp≈hcmIWw.
At±lsØ AwKoIcn®Xn\p tijw AXns‚ IS-a-Iƒ \nd-
th-‰m\pw ku`mKyw \¬IpIbpw Ft∏mgpw Xs‚ Xr]vXn-bpsS
am¿Kßfn¬ Ncn°p∂hcmIm\pw ku`mKyw \¬IpamdmIs´.
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
79
• lZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A)s\∏‰n PnlmZv
ImelcWs∏SpØpIbpw CkvemanI A≤ym]\ßsf t`ZKXn
sNøpIbpw Xncp\_n(k)s‚ A≤ym]\ßfpw ImeL´hpw
Ahkm\n®psh∂pap≈ Btcm]Ww ASnapSn Ifhpw
shdp∏pfhm°p∂Xpamb Bt£]amWv.
• R߃°v ta¬ CØcw I‰psI´pw Btcm]Whpw
D∂bn°p∂htc°mfpw e£°W°n\v tImSn°W°n\v Awiw
IqSpXemWv R߃°v A√mlphns‚ A\pKlØm¬
dkq¬ Xncpta\n(k)t\mSp≈ A\pc‡n
• U∑m¿°nse ]Xw Xncp\_n(k)s\ A]lkn®psIm≠v
]kn≤oIcn® Im¿´qWpIsf D≤cn®v PwKv Zn\∏Xw
AlvaZnøm PamAØns\Xncn¬ sImSpØ ASnÿm\clnXhpw
hymPhpamb hm¿Ø XnI®pw tZmlhpw Zpjvt]cnXhpamWv.
• CØcw hymP hm¿Ø ]Ncn∏n°p∂hsc°pdn®v
Rm≥ CX amXta ]dbp∂p≈q ;
• A√mlp Cu Zpjv]IrXsc KpW]mTØn\v
ASbmfam°pamdmIs´.
JpXv_ PpapA 03.03.2006
akvPnZv _bvØp¬ ^pXqlv, e≠≥, bp.sI.
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
81
e≠\n¬\n∂v Cdßp∂ PwKv]Xw C∂se ]kn≤oIcn®
Hcp hm¿Ø°v - Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ hnizm-k-ß-fp-ambn
hnZq-c-_‘w t]mep-an-√. XnI®pw Zpcpt±i]cambmWv Cu
hm¿Ø ]kn≤oIcn®ncn°p∂Xv. AXv hnizm-k-߃°v hncp-≤-
am-sW∂p amX-a-√, AXn¬ ]cma¿in®ncn-°p∂ kw`hØn\pw
bmYm¿Yy-hp-ambn Hcp _‘-hp-an-√, ASnÿm\hpan√. Cu
hm¿Ø, Hcp]t£ ChnsS \n∂p≈ D≤rXambn ]m°n-ÿm\n
epw a‰pw ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≠m-Ipw. C∂se As√-¶n¬ C∂v
]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≠m-hWw. ImcWw Cu ]Xw XßfpsS
hn¬∏\ h¿≤n∏n°m≥ Cßs\bp≈ hm¿Ø-Iƒ ]kn-≤o-
I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ [ndpXn ImWn-°m-dp-≠v. k¿°ptej≥ h¿≤n-
∏n-°m≥ [m¿anInX C√mØ sNøm\pw Ifhns‚ `m¨Vw
]kn≤oIcn°p∂Xpw ioeam°nbncn°p∂p. ChcpsS ]m
°n-ÿm≥ FUn-j≥ D≠v. AXns\°pdn®v \ap-s°-√m-h¿
°p-a-dn-bmw. Hmtcm Znhkhpw \sΩ°pdn®v A\mhiyhpw
Ifhpw ]kn-≤o-I-cn®psIm≠ncn°pIbmsW∂v F√mh¿°pw
Adnhp≈XmWv.
Ign™ Znhkßfn¬ U∑m¿°nse ]XØnepw XpS¿∂v
a‰v ÿeßfnepw hy¿Yhpw A\mhiyhpamb Im¿´q¨ hc
°pIbpw AXp ImcWw apkvenwIfn¬ Zp:JØnt‚bpw tcm
jØnt‚bpw XcwKw krjvSn°s∏´ncn°p∂p. l¿Øm-ep-Ifpw
D≠mbns°m≠ncn°p∂p, PmYIfpw \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p.
Npcp°Øn¬ tZjyØns‚ GXv ]IS\ambmepw AXv \n
b¥n°m\pw Cu Hgp°v XSbm\pw icnbmb Znimt_m[w
82 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
\¬Im\pw Bcpans√¶n¬ Cßs\Øs∂bmWv ]Xntj[w
shfns∏SpI. apkvenw-Iƒ FØc°cmsW¶nepw \akvI-cn-°p-
∂-h-cm-sW-¶nepw As√-¶nepw I¿a߃ A\pjvTn°p-∂-h-cm-
sW-¶nepw As√-¶nepw Xncp\_nbpsS A¥ns‚ ]iv\w
hcptºmƒ Ah¿ A`nam\nIfpw acn°m≥ Xømdp≈hcpamWv.
Cu kµ¿`Øn¬ hm¿Ø ]kn≤oIcn®Xv, AXpw C∂se
hymgmgvN Znhkw ]kn≤oIcn®Xv, C∂v PpapB Znhkw A[n
Iÿeßfnepw ho≠pw PmYIfpw l¿ØmepIfpw \SØns°m
≠p≈ ]Xntj[ ]cn]mSn D≈Xn\m¬ Xs∂ CXv XnI®pw,
AlvaZnIƒs°Xncn¬ A¥co£w krjvSn°m\p≈ iaamWv.
CXv hfsc AIa]-chpw Ie-l-߃ D≠m°m-\p-ap≈ ia-am-
Wv. Aßs\ Cu hm¿Øsb ]tbmP\s∏SpØn Adnhp Ipd
™ apkvenw-Isf Cf-°n-hn´v Alva-Zn-Isf AXnIaØn\v
Ccbm°pIbmWv. F¥m-bmepw CXv AlvaZnIƒs°Xncn¬
Adnhn√mØhcpw Adnhv Ipd™hcpamb apkvenwIsf Cf°n
hnSm\p≈ Hcp Ahkchpw ssIhn´pt]mImXncn°m\p≈
iaamWv.
\nß-fn¬ ]ecpw Cu hm¿Ø hmbn-®n-´p-≠m-Ipw. ]t£
F√mhcpw hmbn®n´p≠mIn√, AXpsIm≠v Rm≥ B hm¿Ø
hmbn°mw. tIm∏≥tl-Kns\ D≤cn®n´mWv Cu hm¿Ø ]
kn≤oIcn®n-´p-≈-Xv. CXns‚ dnt∏m¿´¿ tUmŒ¿ PmthZv Ja¿
kmln-_mWv.
“U∑m¿°nse cl-kymt\zjW hn`mKØns‚ Hcp DØ-c-
hm-Z-s∏´ Hm^o-k¿ Xs‚ t]cpw DtZym-K-ÿ-]-Z-hnbpw cl-ky
-ambn hbv°p-sa∂ \n_-‘-\-tbmsS Im¿´q¨ ]iv\-sØ
kw_‘n®v kwkm-cn-®p-sIm≠v PwKv ]XtØm-Sv ]d-™p;
“2005 sk]vXw-_-dn¬ JmZn-bm-\n-I-fpsS hm¿jnI ktΩ-f
\w U∑m¿°n¬ \S-∂ncp∂p. CXn¬ JmZn-bm-\n-I-fpsS tI
µ`mchmln-Iƒ ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬ JmZn-bm-
\n-IfpsS Hcp kwLw Um\njv a¥nbpambn \S-Ønb IqSn-
°mgvN°nSbn¬ PnlmZv F∂ hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-
®p-sIm-≠v ]d™Xv, AhcmWv Ckvem-ans‚ bYm¿Y A[ym-
]-\-ß-fpsS [zP-hm-l-I-sc∂mWv.” C-hn-Sw-hsc icn-bmWv.
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
83
CXv ]tXy-I-ambn AhtcmSv -]-d-™n-s√¶nepw \ΩpsS hmZw
CXpXs∂bmWv. AXmbXv Alva-Znøm Pam-AØv Xs∂-bmWv
Ckvem-ans‚ bYm¿Y A≤ym-]-\-ßfpsS [zP-hm-l-I-¿.
XpS¿s∂-gp-Xp-∂p, “Ah-cpsS \_n an¿km- Kpemw AlvaZv
JmZn-bm\n PnlmZv Ime-l-c-W-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn°p-∂p.” icn-bm-
Wv. Nne \n_-‘-\-tbmsS Ime-l-c-W-s∏-Sp-Øn-bncn°p∂p.
ho≠pw FgpXp∂p; “an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv JmZn-bm\n Ckv
ema-nI Iev]-\-Iƒ (\-Du-Zp-_n-√mlv) am‰n-bncn°p∂p.” CXv
XnI®pw If-hpw Btcm]WhpamWv. “AXp-sIm≠v (C\n t\m
°pI AbmfpsS ZpjvSX) “apl-Ω-Zv(-k)s‚ A[ym-]-\-ßfpw
At±-l-Øns‚ Ime-L-´hpw Ah-km-\n®n-cn-°p-∂p.”(\-Du-Zp-
_n-√m-lv)
]Xw FgpXp∂p; “apl-Ω-Zv(-k)s‚ A\pbm-bn-Iƒ kuZn-A-
td-_y-bn¬ amXw ]cn-an-X-am-sW∂v JmZn-bm-\n-Iƒ Dd∏n®p ]
d™Xns‚ ASnÿm\ØnemWv sk]vXw-_¿ 30se –Um\njv
]Xw apl-ΩZv(-k) Bkv]Zam°n 12 Im¿´qWpIƒ ]kn-≤o-I-
cn-®Xv. CXns‚ ][m\ e£yw PnlmZns‚ XXzimkvXØn\p
-ta¬ BI-aWw \S-ØpIbm-bn-cp-∂p. D∂X Um\njv Hm^o-k¿
]d™p: P\p-h-cn-bpsS XpS-°w-hsc JmZnbm\nIfpsS hmZw
kXyamsW∂v R߃ ZrV-ambpw hniz-kn-®p. ImcWw ku
Zn-A-td-_y-b-√msX as‰mcp apkvenw cmPyhpw RßtfmSv Ir
Xyambn ]Xn-tj[n-®ncp∂n-√. H.sF.kn.bpsS au\w Rß-
fpsS [mc-Wsb ZrVs∏SpØpIbm-bn-cp-∂p. DØ-c-hm-Z-s∏´
B Hm^o-k¿ Cu ]Xn-\n-[n°v ]kvXpX IqSn-°m-gvN-bpsS
hoUntbm tS∏pw tIƒ∏n-®p. AXn¬ Um-\njv, D¿Zp, Cw•ojv
`mj-I-fn¬ kwkmcw dn°m¿Uv sNbvXn-cp-∂p.’’ (PwKv Zn\∏Xw
e≠≥, 02/03/2006 t]Pv: 1,3)
AXmbXv aq∂v `mjIfn¬
kwkmcw \S°pIbmbncp∂p!
If-hn\v Hcn°epw Imep≠mImdn√. XnI®pw ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-
X-amb hm¿Ø-bm-Wn-Xv. UmŒ¿ PmthZv Ja¿ kmln_v Hcp ]
t£ PwKv ]X-Øns‚ ]tXyI ]Xn-\n-[n-bmbncn°pw. BZyw
84 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
Icp-Xn-bXv U∑m¿°n-em-bncn°psa-∂m-Wv. ]t£ Ct∏mƒ Adn-
bm≥ Ign™Xv Cu kmln_v C‰-en-bn-em-sW∂mWv. AhnsS
\n∂mWv PwKv’ (]X¯n) t‚bpw Pntbm’ (Sn.hn) bptSbpw ]m
Xn-\n[yw hln-°p-∂-Xv. F\n°v a\nembXv, U∑m¿°ns\
D≤cn®psIm≠v Cu hm¿Ø Hcp ]XØnepw sImSp°m≥ \n
b-a-]-c-am-bn, km[y as√-∂mWv.
PamAØns‚ P¬k sk]vXw_dn¬ \S∂psh∂ BZysØ
Imcyw Xs∂ Bt£]m¿lamWv. Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øn s‚
Ign-™-h¿jsØ P¬k sk]vXw-_-dn¬ AhnsS \S∂nt´
bn√. Rm≥ t]mbXpsIm≠v kvIm≥Un-t\-hn-b≥ cmPy-ß-fpsS
H∂n-®p≈ ktΩ-f-\-amWv \S-∂-Xv. AXv kzoU-\n-em-bn-cp-∂p.
\Ωƒ ]d-™Xpw ]d-bm-ØXpw F¥m-sW∂v Fw.-Sn.-F-bn¬
F√m-hcpw I≠-Xm-Wv.
U∑m¿°n¬ Rm≥ FØnb-t∏mƒ- Hcp tlm -en¬ Hcp dnk-]v
j≥ kwLSn∏n®n´p≠mbncp-∂p. AXn¬ Ipd®v am[ya]Xn-\n-
[n-Ifpw a‰v hnZym-k-º-∂-cmb B-fp-Ifpw h∂n-cp-∂p. k¿°m-
cp-tZym-K-ÿ-cp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp aln-fm-a-¥nbpw h∂n-cp-∂p.
AhnsS Jp¿-Bt\bpw lZoknt\bpw lZvdØvv akolv auDu-
Zv(-A)t\bpw D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v Ckvem-ans‚ at\m-l-chpw kam-
[m-\-]-c-hp-amb A≤ym]\߃ hnh-cn-°p-I-bp≠mbn. AhnsS
]d-™sX√mw hy‡ambncp∂p, ]c-ky-ambn´pam-bn-cp-∂p. H
∂pw cl-ky-am-bn- -]d-™n-´n-√. ]X-߃ AhnsS ]kn-≤o-I-
cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXncp∂p. amXa√ Ipds®ms° Sn.hn t]m
Kmanepw h∂n-cp-∂p. ]tXy-I-amb Hcp IqSn-°m-gvNbpw \S-∂n-
´n-√. dnk-]vj-\nse Fs‚ ]kwKw Fw.-Sn.-Fbpw kwt]-jWw
sNbvXncp∂psh∂mWv Rm≥ IcpXp∂Xv. Cs√¶n¬ AXv
ImWnt°≠XmWv.
Hcp]t£ AhnsS ]kwKØn¬, Cu teJIs\-t∏m-se-bp-≈-
h-sc-°p-dn®v ]cma¿iw D≠mbt∏mƒ, Ch¿ Ipd®v BfpIfmWv
Ckveman\v Zpjvt∏cp-≠m-°p-∂-sX∂pw ]t£ `qcn]£w
apkvenwIfpw CØcw PnlmtZm oI-c-]h¿Ø\ßtfm C„-s∏-
Sp-∂-h-c-√ F∂pw ]d™ncn°msa∂Xv icnbmWv. GXmbmepw
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
85
Hcp henb I≈amWv \ap°v ta¬ Btcm]n®ncn°p∂Xv.
C°meØv k¿hXpw dn°m¿Uv sNøs∏Sp∂Xp sIm≠v, I≈w
amXw ]dbp∂ hy‡nt]mepw CØcw Imcyw ]dbptºmƒ
Ipd®v BtemNn°p∂XmWv. Cbmƒ ]d-™-X\pkcn®v D¿Zp,
Cw•ojv Um\njv `mj-I-fn-¬ hoUntbm tS∏p-ap-≠v. kXy-hm-
∑m-cm-sW-¶n¬ Ch¿ B tS∏v ImWn-°-s´. Rß-ƒ°pw ImWn-
®p-X-cs´. At∏mgdnbmw Bcv F¥v ]d-™psh-∂v.
Cu hymPhm¿Ø ]Ncn∏n°p∂htcmSv Rm≥ ]dbs´; CXv
ASn-apSn If-hm-Wv.
F¥m-bmepw Cu hymPhm¿Ø ]Ncn∏n°p∂htcmSv BZyw
Xs∂ Rm≥ ]dbs´; CXv ASn-apSn If-hm-Wv.
\n߃ kXy-hm-Zn-I-fm-sW-¶n¬ \nßfpw Cu hm°p-Iƒ
G‰p ]dbpI. F∂m¬, A¬]sa¶nepw ssZh`baps≠¶n¬
Ch¿s°m-cn-°epw AXv ]d-bm-≥ km[ya√. ]t£, Ch¿°v
ssZh-`bw Ipd-hm-Wv. F∂m¬ CXv Bh¿Øn-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬
Xs∂-bpw, CX ITn\amb Ifhv ]d™psIm≠v lZvdØv
akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ Cu Zp:BbpsS Iogn¬ Ch¿ h∂p-I-gn-
™n-cn-°p-∂p. Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns∂Xn-cn¬ \nµm-h-l-amb
\o°-߃ aptºbpw \S-∂n- p-≠v. AXv XpS¿®-bmbn \S-∂p-sIm
≠ncn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. XßfpsS K¿hn¬, \ΩpsS ]pdØv
IØn IpØnbnd°m≥ ian®t∏msgms° A√mlp Ah¿°v
]cm-P-b-Øn-s‚ apJw ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp°pIbpw Alva-Znøm Pam-
A-Ønt\mSv Xs‚ kvt\lw ]ISn∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂p, AXv
apºtØ°mƒ A[nIw Ahs‚ A\pKlw sIm≠phcpIbpw
sNøp∂p.
Im¿´q¨ ]iv\Øn¬
AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ ]XnIcWhpw ]bXv\hpw
Cu Im¿´q-¨ ]iv\w XpS-ßnbt∏mƒ Xs∂ G‰-hp-amZyw
Alva-Znøm Pam-AØmWv B hnjbw s]m°nbXpw B ]
XsØ AXn¬\n∂v XS-bm≥ ian-®Xpw. AtX-°p-dn®v Rm≥
t\ctØbpw ]cma¿in®Xm-Wv. XpS¿∂v Unkw-_-dnepw P\p
h-cn-bnepw \mw ho≠pw Cu ]X-߃°v Fgp-XpIbpw hf
86 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
sc Xpd∂ \nebn¬ \ΩpsS hnImcw ]I-Sn-∏n°pIbpw sN
bvXncp∂p. \ΩpsS ap_√nKv ]XØn\v FgpXnb kabØv
Rm≥ JmZn-bm-\n-em-bn-cp-∂p. \ΩpsS ap_-√nKns‚ C‚¿hyq
]XØn¬ ]kn≤oIcn®ncp∂p.
Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ ]Xn-I-cWw C°m-cy-sØ-°p-dn®v
F¥m-sW∂pw, Ch¿ \io-I-c-WØn\p]Icw Xncp\_n(-k)
bpsS DØaamXrI XßfpsS PohnXØn¬ ]I¿Øn ka¿
∏n-°m-\m-K-ln-°p-∂-h-cm-sW∂pw F-gp-Xn-b-Xn-\p-ti-jw XpS¿
∂v FgpXp∂p; CXns‚ A¿Yw Camw kmln-_n\v Cu Im¿´q
WpIƒ ImcWw hnjaw D≠m-bn√ F∂-√ (Camw kmln_n
s‚ C‚¿hyq h∂ncp∂t√m) adn®v At±-l-Øns‚ lrZbw
Im¿´q-¨ sIm≠p≈ apdnhv ImcWw XI¿∂n-cn-°pIbmWv.
amXa√ Cu ]bmkw At±-l-sØ- DS≥ Xs∂ Cu Im¿´q-
WpIsf-°p-dn®v Hcp teJ-\-sa-gp-Xm≥ t]cn-∏n-®p. Aßs\
At±lw Hcp teJ-\-sa-gpXpIbpw A-hnsS U∑m¿°n¬ ]
kn-≤o-I-cn°pIbpap≠mbn.
\_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-tbm-Sp≈ lZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A)
s‚ A\pc‡n Xs∂-bmWv, Pam-A-Ønepw Cu kvt\lØns‚
AKv\n sImfpØnbXv. AXv FXtØmfsa∂m¬ bqtdm∏n¬
InkvXpaXØn¬ \n∂v Alva-Zn-øØv AYhm bYm¿Y Ckvem-
an-te°p hcp∂ bqtdm-]y≥ P\Xtbbpw B A\pc‡nbnepw
kvt\lØnepw D∑Ø-cmWv.
U∑m¿°nse \ΩpsS Hcp AlvaZn apk¬am-\m-b -A–p
emw saUvk≥ kmln_ns‚ kpZo¿L-amb C‚¿hyqhpw
sh≥kv‰¿ ªmU‰v ]Xw 2006 s^_phcn 16 \v ]kn-≤o-I-
cn®ncp∂p. Hcp kpZo¿Lamb C‚¿hyq BWv. CXnse Nne
`mK-߃ Rm≥ \nßsf tIƒ∏n-°mw.
AXns‚ X¿Pa Cßs\bmWv. saUvk≥ kmln_v XpS¿∂v
]d™p: U∑m¿°nse ][m-\-a¥n apkvenw-cm-„-ß-fpsS- A-w
_m-knU¿amtcmSv CXn-s\-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-°W-am-bn-cp-∂p.
ImcWw P\-߃ Cu Im¿´qWpIƒ ImWp-tºmƒ tcmjm-
Ip-e-cm-Ip-∂p. ][m\a¥n, apkvenw cm„-ßfpsS Aw_m-
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
87
kn-U¿am-cp-ambn kwkm-cn-®n-cp-s∂-¶n¬, Cu ]iv\w FX-
amXw KuchXcam-sW∂pw AXns‚ F¥v ^eamWv D≠m
IpIsb∂pw At±-l-Øn\v a\n-em-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ct∏mƒ ]
ISambns°m≠ncn°p∂ Cu ]Xn-I-cWw, Cu Im¿´qWpIƒ
]kn≤oIcWØn¬ Rm≥ hnNm-cn-®-Xp- Xs∂-bm-Wv. ImcWw
Xncp\_n(k) Hmtcm apkvenan\pw F√m-h-iØpw F√m Xe
Ønepw amXr-I-bm-Wv. AØcw hy‡n-bp-sS-ta¬ \nµm-h-l-amb
BI-a-Ww \SØptºmƒ AXv Htcm apkvenan\pw hnj-a
ap≠m°p∂ Imcy-am-Wv. Ah-c-Xn¬ ZpxJn-°pIbpw sNøp-∂p.
A–p-emw saUvk≥ kmln_v ]d-bp∂p: AhnsSbp≈
“bqem≥Uv˛-t]m-è’]Xw Cu Im¿´qWpIƒ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-
®n´v F¥mWv t\Sn-b-Xv. XpS¿∂v Ah¿ Fgp-Xp-∂p. \_n (k)-
bpsS Im¿´q¨ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®-Xn¬ saUvk≥ kmln-_n\pw
AXy[nIw hfsc hnjaw D≠mbn-´p-≠v. XpS¿∂v ]dbp∂p;
saUvk≥ kmln_v ]d™p: \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS cq]
sØ-°p-dn®v AXv FXamXw A\pKrloXamsW∂pw Fßs\
bmsW∂pap≈ hni-ZoIcWw \ap°v e`n-°p-∂p-≠v. ]ns∂ ]
dbpIbp≠mbn, CXv hrØnsI´ Ip´n°fnbmWv.
XpS¿∂v FgpXp∂p; U∑m¿°n¬ A]Io¿Øns∏SpØp∂
Xns∂Xncn¬ \nbaw \ne-hn-ep-≠v. BZyw Rm≥ Icp-Xn-bXv
CXns‚ Bh-iy-an-s√∂m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£ Ct∏mƒ Rm≥ a\n
em°p∂Xv Ie-l-߃ XS-bm≥ Cu \nbaw \S-∏n-em-t°≠Xv
A\nhmcyamsW∂mWv. Xncp-\_n(-k)sb \nµn-°p∂ hnjbw
A√m-lp-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. Ah≥ Xs∂ AXn\v in£
\evIn-s°m-≈pw.’’Hcp bqtdm-]y≥ AlvaZo apkvenans‚ FX Dd® hnizm-k-
amsW∂v - t\m°p-I. Npcp°Øn¬ \_n(-k)s\Xncnep≈
i‡amb \o°Øn¬ Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p \ΩpsS ]Xn-I-cWw.
lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)\v
Xncp\_n(k)t\mSp≈ A\pc‡n
\ap°pta¬ CØcw Btcm]Wßfpw Bt£]ßfpw D∂
bn°p∂htc°mƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ A\pKl-Øm¬ \ΩpsS
88 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ dkq-¬(k)t\m-Sp≈ A\pc‡n e£°W°n\v,
tImSn-°-W-°n\v Awiw A[nIam-Wv. CsX√mw \_n(k)bpsS
at\m-l-c-hp-amb A[ym-]\w lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) \
ap°v h¿Wn®p-X-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)
s‚ ÿm\w \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-sb-°mƒ A[n-I-am-sW∂v \Du-
Zp-_n-√mlv Hc-lva-Zn°pw Nn¥n-°mt\ km[ya-√. Xncp\_n(k)
t\mSp≈ A\pc‡nbn¬ lm≥_n≥ km_nXv(d)s‚
CucSnIƒ hmbn®v lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) Ic-bp-am-bn-
cp-∂p. CXmbncp∂p lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ Ahÿ.
B CucSnIƒ Cßs\bmWv
Aßv Fs‚ IÆnse IrjvW-a-Wn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Aßv acn-®-
tXmsS AXv A‘-mam-bn-Øo¿∂ncn°p∂p. Atßbv°v tijw
Bcp-th-W-sa-¶nepw acn-t®m-s´. -Rm≥ Aß-bpsS ac-W-sØ-
amXamWv `b-s∏-´n-cp-∂-Xv.
lZv-dØvv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) ]d-bp∂p; Cu CucSn Rm\m
Wv ]d™ncp∂sX¶n¬ F∂v A`nejn°p∂ -Hcmsf Ipdn®v
\DuZp-_n-√mlv \_n(-k)-sb-°mƒ, Xs∂ henbh\mbn a\
nem°p-∂p-sh∂pw At±-lsØ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿, At±-l-
Øn\v \_n(-k)-sb-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ ÿm\w \evIp-∂p-sh-∂pw
]d-bp-∂Xv hfsc shdp∏pfhm°p∂ Btcm]WamWv. ]Zm\p]
Zw \_n(-k)-t\mSp≈ A\pc‡nbn¬ ebn-°p∂ ImgvN-bmWv
At±lØn¬ \ap°v Z¿in°m≥ Ignbp-∂-Xv.
Hcn-SØv At±lw ]d-bp∂p:
B Znhy-Zo-]vXn°p apºn-enXm
sX≠-am-°o-Sp-s∂≥ Poh-`mcw
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
89
AßmWv! Rms\mcp Xp—-\sX
aXn,aXn! hn[n-bnXp Xs∂bt√m
(Ah: JmZnbm≥ sI Bcnb Hu¿ lw, dqlm\n Jkmbn≥
`mKw:20, t]Pv:456)
B ]Im-i-Øn-¬ Xt‚-sX√mw sX≠am°nb Bsf°pdn®v
\Du-Zp-_n-√mlv Xncp\_n(-k) -bpsS ÿm\-w Ct∏mƒ \ne\n
¬°p∂ns√∂pw an¿km Kpemw Alva-Zv JmZnbm\nbpsS ÿm\w
-IqSpX¬ Db¿∂-XmsW∂pw Alva-Zn-IfpsS ]°¬ lZvdØv
an¿km Kpemw Alva-Zv kmln_v JmZnbm\nbmWv Ah-km-\-\_n
sb∂pw ]d™psh∂pw CXmWv RßfpsS hnizmksa∂pw
AXpsIm≠v \DuZp_n√m \_n(k)bpsS Im¿´q¨ hc°m≥
]q¿W kzmX¥yw sImSpØpsh∂pw ]dbp∂p.
Ah¿ Im¿´q¨ ]kn≤oIcn°m≥, U∑m¿°n¬ hfsc°pd®p
amXap≈ \ΩpsS A\phmZw ImØncn°pIbmbncp∂psh∂v
]dbp∂Xv XnI®pw _meniyXzamWv. hm¿Ø sImSp°ptºmƒ
Cu D¿Zp ]Xw ap≥]n≥ i≤nt°≠XmWv.!
apkvenw `cWIqS߃
ÿm]nX Xm¬]cy°mcmb ap√m°fptSbpw
LSIßfptSbpw NXnbn¬ s]ScpXv
U∑m¿°nse ]mhw k¿°m¿ Hcp-]-t£ AX _p≤n-bn-√m-
Ø-h-cm-bncn°n-√, ]t£, Cu hm¿Ø Fgp-Xp-∂-bmfpw AXv
]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-hcpw GXm-bmepw _p≤nbn√mØhcm-sW
∂p tXm∂p-∂p. AhcpsS lrZbßfn¬ Iela-√msX as‰m
∂pw ImWp-∂n-√. apkvenw-Isf ]£p_v[cm°m\pw Cf-°n-
hn-Sp-∂-Xn-\pa√msX as‰m-cp-t±-iyhpw Cu hm¿Øbn¬ ImWp-
∂n-√, AXmbXv CXns‚ t]cn¬ apkvenwIƒ°v shdn]n
Sn∏n®v Aßs\ Alva-Zn-Iƒs°-Xn-cn¬ A¥co£ap≈
_w•m-tZ-iv, Ct¥m-t\-jy-, ]m°n-ÿm≥ XpSßnb apkvenw
cmjvSßfn¬ Ipg-∏-ap-≠m-°pI. Cu cmPy-ß-fn¬ Nne ÿm]n
XXm¬]cy°m¿, Cu ]gpXn¬ `c-W-Iq-S-߃s°-Xnsc ]
90 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
t£m`ap≠m°m\p≈ Blzm\w sNøm\pw km≤yXbp≠v.
ImcWw Alva-Zn-Iƒs°-Xnsc D≠mIp∂ ]t£m`߃ Ah-
km\w k¿°m-cn-s\-Xnsc Xncn-bp-∂XmWv \mw CXp-hsc s]m
Xphn¬ I≠n-´p-≈Xv. AXp-sIm≠v Cu cm„-ß-fnse c-W-Iq-
S-ßfpw _p≤n ]tbmKn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv, ÿm]nX Xm¬]cy°m
cmb ap√m°fptSbpw LSIßfptSbpw NXnbn¬ s]ScpXv.
\ΩpsS ]°¬ \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-°p≈ ÿm\w, Rm≥
tIƒ∏n® lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(A)s‚ CucSnbn¬ \Ωƒ
ImWpIbpw Gsd°psd a\nem°pIbpw sNbvXXmWv.
-Hmtcm Alva-ZnbptSbpw D≈n¬ \_n(k)\p≈ ÿm\w Alv
aZn°v \√t]mse Adn-bm-w. Ign™ JpXz-v_-I-fn¬ CXn-s\-
°p-dn®v Rm≥ ]cma¿in®XpamWv. CXp kw_‘n®v Rm≥
JpXv_Iƒ \¬Inbn´p≠v. hnjaw \mw ]I-Sn-∏n-®XmWv, ]
I-Sn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pIbpw sNøp-∂p. temIØp apgph\pw
\ΩpsS `mKØp \n∂p≈ ]XnIcW]kvXm-h-\-I-fpw ]kn
≤oIcn®n´p≠v. ]v dneokpw ]kn≤oIcn®n´p≠v. \mw,
Bsc-sb-¶nepw ImWn-°m-t\m, Bscsb¶nepw ap≥\n¿Øntbm
apkvenw-ItfmSp≈ `bwsImt≠m A√ Cu ]kvXmh\Iƒ
\¬InbXv. CXv \ΩpsS hnizmkØns‚ Hcp `mK-am-Wv. Xncp
-\_n(-k)t\mSp≈ _‘w hnt—-Zn-®p-sIm-≠v, \ap°v \ΩpsS
Pohn-X-Øn\v Hcp \ne-bpan√. CXv kw_-‘-ambn lZvdØv akolv
auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ Nne D≤-c-Wn-Iƒ Rm≥ hmbn°p∂XmWv,
AXneqsS Imcyw Iptd°qSn hy‡am°mw.
lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚
A≤ym]\ßfpsS cXv\®pcp°w
At±lw ]dbp∂p:
“\ΩpsS aXØns‚ cXv\®pcp°hpw AI°mºpw
F∂mIp∂p. lZvdØv kønZp\m h auem\m apl-ΩZv apkvX-
^m(-k) JmØ-ap-∂-_n-øo\pw Jb-dp¬ ap¿k-eo\pw BsW∂pw
Xncp\_nbpsS ssIbm¬ Zo≥ ]cn]q¿ØoIcn°s∏SpIbpw
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
91
A\p-K-l߃ kºq¿ØnbpsS ÿm\sØØpIbpw B
almXvamhv aptJ\ a\pjy≥ bYm¿Y am¿Kw Ahew_n-®p-
sIm≠v ssZh-Øn¶temfw FØpIbpw sNøpsa∂pamWv
Cu `uXnI temIØv \mw sh®p]pe¿Øp∂ hnizmkw, B
hnizmkhpambn A√mlphns‚ A\pKlØmepw Xu^oJn\m
epw Cu \izctemIØv \n∂v hnS]dbp∂XmWv..” (AXmbXv
Cu hnizmkhpambn´mWv \mw Cu temIØp\n∂pw t]mhpI)
(Ckmesb Hulmw, dqlm\n Jkmbn≥ ‘mKw: 3, t]Pv:
169,170)
CXmWv \ΩpsS Cuams‚ `mKw. CXmWv lZvdØv ako
lv auDu-Zv(-A) \ap°p \¬Inb A≤ym]\w. CØcw hnizm
kap≈ Hcmsf°pdn®v Fß-s\-bmWv \_n(-k)sb IqSmsX
A√mlp-hn-t\mfw FØm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂pw \p_p∆Øv e`n®p
sh∂pw ]d-bpI?
ho≠pw At±lw ]d-bp∂p: “sNm∆mb am¿Kw Ckvem-w Zo≥
amX-am-Wv. BIm-i-Øn≥Iogn¬ Htc-sbmcp \_nbpw Htc-sbm
-cp -K-Ÿhpw amXsabp≈q. AXm-bXv lZvdØv apl-ΩZv apkvX-
^m(-k). At±lw kIe \_n-am-tc-°mfpw D∂-X\pw tijvT-\p-
am-Wv. F√m dkq¬amsc°mfpw XnI-hp-‰bmfpw ]cn-]q¿Æ-\p-am-
Wv. JmØ-ap¬ Aºnbmbpw P\-ß-fn¬ tijvT-\p-am-Wv. At±-
lsØ ]n≥]-‰p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v A√m-lp-hns\ e`n°p∂p. A‘-
Im-cØns‚ ad-Iƒ \oßp-∂p. Cu temI-Øp-Xs∂ bYm¿Y
tam£Øns‚ e£-W-߃ hy‡am-Ip-∂p. kXyhpw ]cn-
kºq¿W k∑m¿Khpw ]`mhhpw AS-ßn-b- hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥
-ap-tJ\ bYm¿Y AdnhpIfpw Znhy-⁄m-\-ßfpw e`n-°p-∂p.
am\p-jn-I-amb amen-\y-ß-fn¬\n∂v lrZ-bw hnaeoIcns∏Sp-∂p.
a\p-jy≥ A⁄-X-bp-tSbpw Ai-≤-bp-tSbpw kwi-b-ß-fp-
tSbpw adI-fn¬\n∂v c£s∏´v lJp¬ bJo≥ AYhm A\p-
-h-⁄m-\-Øn-s‚ ÿm\-tØmfw FØn-t®-cp-∂p. (_dmlos\
AlvaZnøm, \mev mK߃ ASn°pdn∏ns‚ ASn°pdn∏v, mKw:3,
dqlm\n Jkmbn≥ `mKw: 1, t]Pv: 557,558)
AXm-b-Xv, C\n F¥pw Xncp\_n(-k) \nanØamWv e`n°pI.
92 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
Xncp\_nbn-emWv ]hmNIXzw kºq¿WamIp∂-Xv. Ahn-SsØ
A≤ym]\-߃ aptJ\ Xs∂bmWv A‘-Imcw AI-epIbpw
]Imiw e`n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-. A√mlphns‚ -km-ao-]y
hpw Xncp\_nbneqsS Xs∂bmWv e‘n°pI. bYm¿Y-amb
tam£hpw Xncp\_n aptJ-\ e_v[amIp∂XmWv. Xncp\_n
sIm≠p-h∂ A[ym-]\w aptJ-\- Xs∂bm-Wv lrZ-bØns‚
-am-en-\y-߃ ip≤oIcn°s∏Sp∂Xpw.
ho≠pw At±lw ]d-bp∂p: “\ΩpsS \_n (k) kXyw ]
I-Sn-∏n-°p∂Xn¬ Hcp apP-±nsZ AAvkw (G-‰hpw henb ]cnjv
I¿Øm-hv) Bbn-cp-∂p. If-™p-t]mb kXysØ B alm
Xvamhv temIØv ]p\:ÿm]n-®p. Cu A`nam\Øn¬ \
ΩpsS \_n(-k)t\msSm∏w as‰mcp \_nbpw `mK`m°√. Xncp
\_n apgp-tem-I-Øpw A‘-Im-camWv I≠Xv. Xp-S¿∂v B
almXvas‚ BKa\tØmsS B A‘-Imcw shfn-®-ambn amdn.
GsXmcp P\-X-bn-emtWm Xncp\_n BKXcmbXv B apgp-h≥
kaqlhpw _lp-ssZhmcm[\-bpsS tae¶n am‰n GI-ssZ-h-Xz-
Øns‚ hkvXaWnbp∂Xphsc Ahn-S∂v acWs∏´n-√. AXp-
am-X-a-√, Ah¿ hnizm-k-Øns‚ D∂-X-\ne ]m]n-°p-I-bpw,
kXy-k-‘-XbptSbpw Iqdnt‚bpw ZrVhnizmkØnt‚bpw I¿
a߃ Ah-cneqsS shfns∏Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn\v kam\
ambXv temIsØmcnSØpw ImWs∏Sp∂X√. Cu hnP-bw,
CX-amXw hnPbw Xncp\_n(-k)-°-√msX as‰mcp \_n°pw
e`yambn´n√. ImeL´w Atß-b‰w A‘-Im-c-Øn¬ AI-
s∏SpIbpw kzm`mhnIambpw Hcp alm\mb ]cnjvI¿Ømhns\
Bhiys∏SpIbpw sNøp∂ Ime-ØmWv Ahn-S∂v \ntbmKn
°s∏SpIbpw BK-X-\m-hpIbpw sNbvXsX∂Xpw - e£-°-W-
°n-\m-fp-Iƒ _lp-ssZ-hmcm[\bpw hnKl]qPbpw Dt]-£n®v
GI-ssZ-hXz kn≤m-¥-hpw kXy]mXbpw kzoIcn®-Xn-\p-ti-j-
amWv Ahn-S∂v Cu temI-Øp-\n∂v hnS-]-d-™p-t]m-b-sX∂Xpw
\_n(-k)s‚ ]hm-N-IXzØn-\p≈ G‰hpw hen-sbmcp km£y-
am-Wv. amXa√ bYm¿Y-Øn¬ Cu ]cn-]q¿W-amb ]cn-jv°-c
Ww \_n(-k)-bp-ambn amXw _‘-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. AXmbXv Ahn
-S∂v ImSØhpw arKkz`mhhpap≈ kaqlsØ am\pjnI
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
93
acymZIƒ ]Tn-∏n-®p.” (arKßsft∏mse Pohn®ncp∂ ImS≥
kaqlØn\v am\pjnI acymZIƒ ]Tn-∏n-®p.) “a‰p hm°pIfn¬
Cßs\ ]d-bmw h\yPohnIsf a\p-jy-cm-°n.”( AXmbXv
arKßsf a\pjycm°n) “]n∂oSv a\p-jy-cn¬\n∂v hnZym-k-º-
∂-cmb a\p-jysc krjvSn®p. ]n∂oSv hnZym-k-º-∂-cmb a\p-
jy-cn¬\n∂v ssZh-nIcmb a\p-jysc D≠m°n. Bflo-bXbpsS
Ahÿ Ah-cn¬ DuXpIbpw bYm¿Y ssZhhp-ambn Ah¿°v
_‘-ap-≠m-°pIbpw sNbvXp. Ah¿ ssZham¿KØn¬ BSp-
I-sf-t]mse Adp-°-s∏SpIbpw Ddp-ºp-I-sf-t]mse Nhp- n-sa-Xn-
°-s∏SpIbpap≠mbn. ]t£, Ah¿ Cuam≥ ssIshSn™n√.
adn-®v, F√m ]bmkßfnepw apt∂m´p Nph-Sp-sh-®p. Npcp°
Øn¬ \nwibw, \ΩpsS \_n(-k) Bflo-bX ÿm]n-°p-
∂- ImcyØn¬ c≠m-asØ BZ-am-bn-cp-∂p, A-√, bYm¿Y
BZw Xncp\_n Xs∂bm-bn-cp-∂p. B almXvamhv aptJ\bpw,
tlXphmbpw F√m am\pjnI tijvTXIfpw ]cn-]q¿Øn ]m]n-
®p. F√m kZvKp-W-i-‡n-Ifpw Ah-bpsS ]hrØn-bn¬ \naKv\
ambn. a\pjy]IrXØns‚ Hcp Awihpw \njvInbambn√.
JØap∂p_p∆Øv Xncp\_nbn¬ tIhew ImeL´w ]n¥n
®XpsIm≠p amXa√ BbXv adn®v \p_p∆Øns‚ A`yp
∂XnIsf√mw Xncp\_nbn¬ Ahkm\n®XpsIm≠p IqSnbmWv.
Ahn-S∂v ssZhnI KpW-ß-fpsS ]cn-]q¿W ]Xo-I-am-bn-cp∂p.
AXp-sIm-≠v Ahn-SsØ \ymb-]-amWw Pem-en-b (]-Xm-]-]-
cw), Pam-enb (kuµ-cy-]-cw) khnti-jX-Iƒ hln°p-∂-Xm-
bn-cp-∂p. Cu Dt±-iy-w sIm≠pXs∂bmWv apl-Ω-Zv, AlvaZv
(k) F∂ c≠v \ma-߃ At±-l-Øn-\p-≈-Xv. Ahn-SsØ ]
hm-NIXzØn¬, ]nip-°ns‚ Hcp Awi-hp-an-√. AXv Bcw-`-
ImewapX¬ apgp-tem-I-Øn\pw th≠n-bp-≈-Xm-Wv.’’ (eIvN¿
knbm¬tIm´v, dqlm\n Jkmbn≥ `mKw: 20, t]Pv: 206,207)
CXmWv Alva-Znøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øns‚ A[ym-]-\w.
AXmbXv, Xncp\_n(-k)bpsS A\p-Klw C∂pw \ne-\n-ev°p-
∂p.
ho≠pw At±lw ]d-bp∂p: “\_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n JmØ-ap¬-
A-ºn-bm-bm-Wv. AXm-bXv \ΩpsS \_n(-k)-bv°p-tijw ]p
94 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
Xnb \ymb-]-amWhpw ]pXnb KŸhpw hcn-I-bn-√. ]pXnb
Iev]-\-Iƒ hcp-I-bn-√.” (C-h¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv, ]pXnb ico-AØv
sIm≠ph∂p-sh∂pw an¿km -Kpemw Alva-Zns\ D∂X\mbn
a\nem°p∂psh∂pamWv ) “AtX KŸhpw AtX Iev]-\-
Ifpw Xs∂- \ne-\n-ev°p-∂-XmWv. Fs∂°p-dn®v Fs‚ KŸ-
Øn¬ ImWs∏Sp∂ \_n, dkq¬ F∂o ]Z߃ sIm≠p≈
hnh£ Hcn°epw, ]pXnb \ymb]amWhpw I¬]\Ifpw \¬
Ipsa∂√. adn®v A√mlp bYm¿YØn¬ Bhiyap≈ ka
bØv Bscsb¶nepw \ntbmKn°ptºmƒ B A¿YØn¬
ssZhnI kwt_m[\bpsS A\pKlhpw \¬Ip∂psh∂mWv
Dt±in®Xv.” (AXmbXv At±ltØmSv kwkmcn°p∂p) “]tcm£ kwKXnIƒ Abmƒ°v \¬Ip∂p, Abmsf \_n
F∂v hnfn°p∂p.” (BtcmSmtWm A√mlp IqSpXembn
kwkmcn°p∂Xv Abmƒ \_n F∂v ]dbs∏Sp∂p.) “B
ssZh-\n-tbm-Kn-X≥ \_n F∂v kwt_m-[\ sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p.
AXns‚ A¿Yw ]pXnb ico-AØv sImSp-°p∂p F∂-X-√.
As√-¶n¬ \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\nbpsS ico-A-Øns\ \Du-Zp-
_n-√mlv Ime-l-c-W-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p F∂-√.” (Cu Btcm]Ww
R߃°v ta¬ D∂bn°p∂p≠v.) “ adn-®v, Abmƒ°v In´p-
∂sX√mw \_n(-k)sb kXyk‘ambpw ]cn-]q¿W-ambpw ]n
≥]-‰p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv e`n-°pI. AXpIqSmsX In´p-I-tb-bn-
√.’’(A¬lIw 10/01/1904 t]Pv: 2)
Xm≥ Xncp\_nbn¬ \n∂mWv F√mw t\SnbsX∂pw B
almXvamhns\°qSmsX H∂pw ]m]yas√∂pw hmZn Xpd∂v ]
Jym]n°p∂p. A-t±-l-sØ hnizkn-°p-∂-hcpw At±lw, \_n
(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS kXy-k-‘-\mb Zmk-\m-sW∂v Dd®p hniz-
kn-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ Ifhnepw I‰psI´nepw A[njvTnXamb
Imcy-߃ apkvenw-I-fn¬ Akz-ÿX P\n-∏n-°m\√msX a
s‰m-∂n\p-a-√. CØ-c-°m¿ CXv Ft∏mgpw sNbvXp-h-cp∂p.
^nXv\ D≠m°p∂Xp IqSmsX Cu kmØm-\nI i‡n-Isf
(ibvXzm≥ Ft∏mgpw IqsSØs∂bmWv) Akq-b-bpsS Xo
Fcn®psIm≠ncn°p∂p. Pam-A-Øns‚ A`n-hr-≤n Ch¿°p
ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. Pam-A-Øns‚ A`n-hr≤n Ch-cpsS
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
95
IÆpIfn¬ IpØp∂p. Ch¿ FX-th-W-sa-¶nepw Cu Xcw-
XmW ]Wn-Iƒ sNbvXp-sIm-≈-s´. aptºbpw Ch¿ CsX√mw
sNbvXp-h-∂-Xm-Wv. C\nbpw Ah¿ sNbvXp-sIm-t≠bn-cn-°pw.
CØ-c-°m¿ P\n-®p-sImt≠bn-cn-°pw. ibvØm≥ \ne-\n-¬
°p∂XmWv, \ΩpsS ]ptcmKXn Ch-cpsS Cu Xcw-XmW ]
h¿Ø-\w-sIm≠v \ne®pt]mIp∂X√. C≥im-A-√m-lv.
\_nXncpta\n(k)bpsS atlm∂X ÿm\w
lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s‚ ho£WØn¬
\_n(-k)-bpsS ÿm\sØ kw_-‘n®v lZvdØv akolv
auDu-Zv(-A) ho≠pw ]d-bp∂p:
“a\p-jy-cn¬ ]cn-]q¿W\mb a\p-jy\v ]Zm\w sNø-s∏´ B
AXyp∂Xamb ]Imiw ae-°p-I-fntem \£-X-ß-fntem
kqcy-\ntem kap-Z-Øntem \Zn-bntem D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. ssh
Uq-cy-ß-fnepw amWn-Iy-I-√p-I-fnepw cXv\-ß-fnepw apØp-
I-fnepw D≠mbn-cp-∂n-√. Npcp-°-Øn¬ `uan-Itam hm\-h
tam Bb Hcp hkvXp-hnepw D≠mbn-cp-∂n-√.” (`qanbnse
hkvXp°fnepw BImiØnepw C√mbncp∂p) “AXv a\p-jy\n¬
amX-ta- D≠mbncp∂p-≈q, AXmbXv ]cn-]q¿W-\mb a\p-jy\n
¬. AXns‚ ]cn-]q¿Whpw ]cn]Izhpw AXyp∂Xhpw A`yp
∂Xhpam-b- hy‡n \ΩpsS t\Xmhpw bPam\cpw \_n-am-cpsS
\mb-I-cpw Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h-cp-sS-sb√mw t\Xm-hp-amb apl-ΩZv
apkvX-^m(-k) Xncp-ta-\nbmWv. Npcp-°-Øn¬ B tXPkv B
a\p-jy-\mWv \evI-s∏- -Xv. A]-Im-cw-Xs∂ Ahn-S-sØ kam\
h¿Ww ]pe¿Øp∂-h¿°pw, AXmbXv Hc-f-thmfw B h¿Ww
kzmbØam°nbh¿°v.” (Xncp\_nsb AwKoIcn°p∂h¿°v
AhcpsS hnizmkØn\v A\pKpWambn \¬Is∏´p.) “Aam-\
Øv F∂-Xp-sIm-≠p≈ Dt±iyw ]cn-]q¿W-\mb a\pjy-\v \
evI-s∏´ B F√m Ign-hp-Ifpw _p≤nbpw Adnhpw a\pw
Poh\pw A\p`hßfpw `bhpw kvt\lhpw A¥pw ]uVn
bpw Bflo-bhpw `uXn-I-hp-amb kIe A\p-K-l-ß-fp-am-Wv.
A√mlp AXv ]cn-]q¿W a\p-jy\v ]Zm\w sNbvXp.” (F√m
a\pjy\pw _p≤nbpw Adnhpw A\p`h⁄m\hpw \¬I
s∏´n´p≠v, AXns‚ D∂Xamb i‡nbpw D∂X \nehmchpw
96 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
]cn]q¿Wa\pjy\mWv \¬InbXv) “ ]cn]q¿W a\pjys\∏‰n
BbØn¬ ]d™Xpt]mse
(AXmbXv Cu ]cn]q¿W a\pjy≥ Cu BbØns‚ ASn
ÿm\Øn¬, Aam\ØpIƒ AhbpsS AhIminIsf G¬
∏n°m≥ I¬∏n°p∂p.) “ Cu F√m kq£n∏papXepIfpw
ssZhkhn[Øn¬ Xncnt®¬∏n°p∂p, AXmbXv Ah\n¬
eo\\mbns°m≠v Ahs‚ am¿KØn¬ A¿∏Ww sNøp∂p…..
Cu ]uVn tXtPm-hn-emkw AXyp-∂-Xhpw ]cn-]q¿Whpw
XnI-hp-‰-Xp-amb \ne-bn¬ \ΩpsS t\Xmhpw \ΩpsS bPam\
cpw \ΩpsS am¿K-Z¿in-bp-amb \nc-£-c-]-hm-N-I≥, kXy-hm\pw
kXy-km-£n-X-\p-amb apl-ΩZv apkvX-^m(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bn-
emWv ImWs∏Sp-∂-Xv.’’ (Bbn\sb IamemsØ Ckvemw,
dqlm\n Jkmbn≥ `mKw: 5, t]Pv: 160..162)
Xßsf Xncp\_n(-k)bpsS A\pc‡sc∂v a\nem-°p∂
Ch¿, \ap°pta¬ D∂bn°p∂ Btcm]Ww \Du-Zp-_n-√mlv
\mw lZvdØvv akolv auDu-Zv(-A)s\ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-tb-°m
fpw tasebmsW∂v a\-n-em-°p∂psh∂mWv. ChcpsS e£yw
Xs∂ kzm¿Yem`w ssIhcn°pIb√msX as‰m∂pa√. lZv
dØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) Xncp\_n(-k)sb ]‰n ]d™ hm°p
-IfpsS ]uVn°v XØpeyambXv t]mIs´, e£Ønsemcw
isa¶nepw kam\amb hm°pIƒ Cu De-am-°ƒ ]d-™-Xm
bn ImWn-°-s´. CXv \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\nbpsS A\pKrloX
AkvXnXzsØ°pdn®v B kXyk‘\mb t]anbpsS hm°p-
I-fm-Wv. Aß-s\-bp≈ Bsf \n߃ I≈-hm-Zn-sb∂v ]d-bp-
∂p. B hy‡n-bpsS F√m A\-°-a-S-°hpw Xs‚ t\Xmhpw
bP-am-\-cpamb \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\nsb ]n≥]-‰n-s°m-≠p-≈-
Xm-bn-cp-∂p. lZvdØvv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) ka¿∏n-®-Xp-t]mse
AKm[hpw D≈dnhpw Xncn®dnhpw Xß-fpsS kmln-Xy-ß-fnepw
ImWn-®p-X-cn-I.
ho≠pw lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) ]d-bp∂p, PamAØns‚
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
97
F∂tØbpw A[ym-]-\w CXpXs∂bmWv. AX\pkcn®m Wv
Ncn°p∂Xv, AXmbXv R߃ \nb-a-Øns‚ D≈nencp∂p
sIm≠v kln-°pIbm-Wv.
At±lw ]dbp∂p: “\ΩpsS aX-Øns‚ BsI kmcw CXp
Xs∂bm-Wv. F∂m¬, A\ym-b-ambn ssZh`ban√msX \
ΩpsS alm-\mb ]hm-N-I≥ lZvdØv apl-ΩZv apkvX-^m(-k)
sb NoØ-hm-°p-I-fm¬ kvacn-°pIbpw, Xncp\_n°p ta¬
A]-hmZw ]d-bpIbpw, NoØ-]-d-bp-∂-Xn¬\n∂v ]n∑m-dm-Xn-cn-
°pIbpw sNøp∂htcmSv \aps°-ßs\ c⁄n∏nseØm\m
Ipw.Rm≥ kXyw kXy-ambpw ]d-bp∂p: Xcnip`qanbnse ]m
ºp-I-tfmSpw h\m¥cßfnse sN∂m-bv°-fpambpw c⁄n∏n
seØm≥ \ap°p Ign-bpw. F∂m¬, \ΩpsS ]nb-s∏´ \_n
bpsS-ta¬, \ΩpsS Poht\°mfpw amXm-]n-Xm-°-tf-°mfpw ]nb-
¶c-\mb \_n(-k)-bpsSta¬ Ahn-ip-≤-amb BIaWw \S-Øp-
∂-h-tcmSv \ap°v c⁄n∏nemIm≥ km≤ya√. A√mlp \ap°v
Ckvem-an¬Xs∂ acWw Xcp-am-dm-I-s´. Cuam≥ \„-s∏-Sp∂
]hrØn sNøm≥ \mw BK-ln-°p-∂n-√.’’ (ss]Kmsa kzp¬lv,
dqlm\n Jkmbn≥ `mKw: 23, t]Pv: 459)
CXmWv \ΩpsS A≤ym]\w, CXmWv lZvdØv akolv auDu-
Zv(-A)\m¬ \evIs∏´ ]mTw. CXmWv \ΩpsS lrZbßfn¬
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pc‡nbn¬ Bfn°Øn® AKv\n,
AXns‚ icnbmb D≈dnhpw Xncn®dnhpw lZvdØv akolv
auDu-Zv(-A) \ap°v \evInbncn°p∂p. CXn-\p-ti-jhpw \Du-
Zp-_n-√mlv Im¿´q¨ hc°p∂Xn¬ ]XtØbpw U∑m¿°v
k¿°mdnt\bpw AlvaZnIƒ t]cn∏n®psh∂pw Aßs\
Ah¿ ]kn≤oIcn®psh∂pw ]dbpIbmsW¶n¬ Ch¿°v
ta¬ ssZhim]w sNmcnbm≥ amXta Ignbq.
hmfpsIm≠p≈ PnlmZns‚ bmYm¿Yyw
C\n as‰mcp Imcyw PnlmZv Ime-l-c-W-s]-SpØn F∂-Xm-
Wv. Abmƒ BZyw FgpXnbXv, CXmWv; ][m\ kwKXn \mw,
Xncp-\_n(k)sb \_n-bm-bn Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-∂ns√∂pw \Du-
Zp-_n-√m-lv Xncp\_nbpsS A[ym-]\w Ime-l-c-W-s∏´p-t]m
98 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
sb∂pam-Wv. c≠m-asØ Imcyw Abmƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv
PnlmZv Ime-l-cWs∏-SpØn F∂m-Wv.
CXp kw_‘n®v apkvenwIfpsS t\Xm°∑m¿°v Ign™
Znhkßfn¬ A\p`hnt°≠n h∂t∏mƒ HuZmcyw sNøp∂
i‡nIƒ.. AhcpsSbmWv Xn∂p∂Xv, Chsc HXp°nbt∏mƒ
]d™Xv PnlmZn\v C∂v \¬Ip∂ \n¿hN\hpw Nne apkvenw
kwLS\Iƒ Znt\\ sNøp∂ Imcyßfpw PnlmZv A√, amX
a√ CkvemanI A≤ym]\߃°v ISIhncp≤hpamWv. ]
Xßfn¬ ChcpsS ]kvXmh\ A®Sn®n´p≠v. Alva-Znøm
Pam-A-Øns‚ XpS°w apXtebp≈ \ne]mSpw ho£Whpw
A≤ym]\hpw C°meØv Cu kmlNcyØn¬ PnlmZv \n¿
Øem°nbncn°p∂psh∂mWv. AXv XnI®pw CkvemanI
A≤ym]\߃°v A\pKpWhpamWv.
CXp kw_-‘-ambn lZvdØv akolv auDu-Zv(-A) ]d-bp∂p:
“\ΩpsS \_n(-k)Dw Xncpkzlm_Øpw bp≤w sNbvXXv -\n
-tj-[n-IfpsS BIaWßfn¬ \n∂v kzbw Xßsf c£n-°p-∂
-Xn-t\m, kam-[m\w ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xnt\m th≠n-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
hmfpsIm≠v Zo\ns\ XS-bm≥ BK-ln-°p-∂-hsc hmƒsIm-
≠p-Xs∂ ]n∂n-te°v am‰p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬,
Ct∏mƒ iXp-°-fn-em-cmWv aXØn-\v th≠n hmsf-Sp-°p-∂Xv?
apkvenw-I-fm-Ip-∂-hsc BcmWv XS-bp-∂-Xv? akvPnZpI-fn¬ \a
kvIcn°p∂Xpw _m¶p sImSp-°p-∂-Xpw BcmWv XSs∏SpØp-
∂-Xv?’’ (XncnbmJp¬ Jpeq_v, dqlm\n Jkmbn≥ `mKw: 15,
t]Pv: 159,160)
AXmbXv _m¶v sImSp°p∂Xv BcmWv XSbp∂Xv. ]m°n-
ÿm-\n¬ Alva-Zn-Isf amXw XS-™p-sIm≠ncn°p∂p.]t£
F∂n´pw \mw \ni–cmWv. \Ωƒ Hcp _l-fhpw D≠m-°p-∂n-√.
_m¶v C√msX \mw \akvI-cn-°p-∂p.
ho≠pw At±lw ]d-bp∂p: “_pJmcn (InXm-_p¬-A-ºn-bm-
Av _m_v \pkqep Cuk_v\p a¿bw) bn¬ hmKvZØ ako-ln
s\°pdn®v hy‡-amb lZokp-≠v. AXm-bXv bf-D¬l-d_v
hmKvZØ akolv bp≤w sNøp-I-bn-√. Hcp-`m-KØv \n߃ ]
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
99
d-bp-∂p kzlolv _pJmcn F∂ lZoYv KŸw hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-
\p-tijw Ak-lp¬Ip-Xp_v BsW-∂v. adp-`m-KØv kzlolv
_pJmcns°Xn-cn¬, _pJmcnbnse lZokn\v hncp≤amb
lZokpIfn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.’’(XncnbmJp¬
Jpeq_v, dqlm\n Jkmbn≥ `mKw: 15, t]Pv: 159,)
Alva-Znøm Pam-A-Øns‚ ho£-W-w Jp¿-B\pw lZokpw
A\p-k-cn-®m-Wv. \mw Xpd∂ \ne-bn¬ ]Jym]n°pIbmWv, ]
d-bpIbpw]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pIbpw sNøp∂p; Ch¿ PnlmZv
Pnlm-Zv F∂p ]d™p sNøp∂Xv `oI-c-]-h¿Ø-\-a√msX
as‰m∂pa√. CXv PnlmZ√. ASn-apSn Ckvem-an-Im-[ym-]-\-ß
ƒ°p hncp-≤hp-am-Wv.
C∂se Idm-®n-bn¬ Nmth¿ BI-aWw D≠m-bn. Ch¿X-s∂-
bmWv Ckvem-an\v Zpjvt]-cp-≠m-°p-∂-Xv. CØcw BI-aW-
ß-fn¬ kzcmPyØnse \n¿tZmjnIfpsS Poh\pw Ch¿ A]
lcn°p-∂p. Ch¿ sX‰mb ]h¿Ø-\-߃ sNbvXp-sIm-≠v,
kzbw Ckvem-an-t‚bpw Xn-cp-\_n-(k)bp-tSbpw A[ym-]\-
ßsf \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. AlvaZnIƒ C∂v
Xncp\_n(-k) bpsS ktµiw temIØv FØn-°p-∂- PnlmZv
sNbvXpsIm≠ncn°pIbmWv. Ch-cn-em-cmWv Ckvem-an-I-]m-T-ß
sf Cu coXn-bn¬ temI-Øns‚ tImWmbtImWpIfnse√mw
FØn-°p-∂-h¿. \nß-fpsS Cu `oI-c-]-h¿Ø-\-Øn-epw, Ckv
em-an\v Zpjvt]-cp-≠m-°p-∂ PnlmZn ]bXv\ßfnepw Pnlm-
Zn¬ Alva-Zn-Iƒ apsºmcn°epw `mK`m°mbn´n√, taen¬
`mK`m°mIp∂Xpa√. GXmbncp∂mepw CXv Alva-Znøm Pam-
A-Øn\v Zpjvt]-cp-≠m-°m-\p≈ Ip’nX ia-am-Wv. aptºbpw
\S∂ph∂n´p≈XmWv.
bYm¿Y e£yw ]pdØphcm≥
PamAØns\Xncnep≈
sX‰mb hm¿Øtbbpw KqUmtemN\tbbpw
Ipdn®v At\zjn°p∂XmWv
Cu ]X-Øn-t\mSpw Rm≥ ]d-b-s´. Hm¿°pI, CXv ]m°n-
ÿm-\nse t]mse \nbahmgvNbn√mØ cmPya√. AhnsS
100 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
ap√m°fpsS Xm¬]cyw As√¶n¬ Ah¿°v CjvSaps≠¶n¬
\nbaw \S∏m°pw, \oXn D≠mhn√.
F¥m-bmepw Hcp-]-cn-[n-h-sc, Cu P\-ß-fn¬ \oXn-bp-≠v.
\Ωƒ F√m hniZmwißfpw dnt∏m¿´pIfpw tiJcn®p-h-cn
-I-bm-Wv. \DuZp_n√mlv \_n(k)bpsS A≤ym]\߃
ImelcWs∏´psh∂v AlvaZnIƒ ]d™pt_m≤ys∏
SpØnbXp sIm≠mWv X߃ Im¿´q¨ ]kn≤oIcn®sX∂v
Hcp Hm^ok¿ ]d™psh∂Xv D≤cn®mWv hm¿Ø sImSp
Øncn°p∂Xv. AXmbXv U∑m¿°v k¿°mcpw CXn¬ If¶n
XcmsW∂ Bt£]w ÿm]nXamIpIbmWv. ]t£ Ahn-sS
sØ ][m-\-a¥n D®Øn¬ hnfn®p]dbp∂Xpw ]e]mhiyw
hniZoIcn®Xpw CXv ]XØns‚ ]Wn-bm-sW-∂p-w X߃
AXns\ shdp-°p-∂p-sh∂pw F∂m¬, ]X-kzm-X¥yw ImcWw
H∂pw ]dbm≥ km≤yas√∂pamWv.
]XkzmX¥yw F¥mWv, F¥√ F∂Xv as‰mcp kwKXn
bmWv. ]t£ GXmbncp∂mepw Ah¿ Cu hm¿Øsb \n
tj[n°p∂p. k¿°m¿ CXn¬ `mK`m°msW∂v Cu ]Xw
]d™psIm≠ncn°p∂p. AXpsIm≠v Cu hm¿Øs°Xnsc
\S]SnsbSp°m≥ U∑m¿°v k¿°mdn\pw AhImiap≠v.
Ct∏mƒ apkvenw temIØv U∑m¿°n-s∂-Xnsc Xo BfnIØn-
s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Cu ]Xw kzbwIrX hm¿Ø-bp-≠m °n
Ah-cpsS t]cn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®p- sIm≠v Cu Xobn¬ FÆ
sbmgn°pIbpw hoipIbpamWv sNbvXXv.
\Ωƒ Ahcpambn _‘-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. U∑m¿°nse Hcp-∂X
skIyq-cn‰n GP≥kn-bp-sS Hm^o-k¿, hfsc hy‡amb AXv
\ntj[n®psIm≠v ]d™p; Aßs\ Hcn°epw kw`hn®n´n√,
AØcw Hcp hm¿Øbpw RßfpsS ]°en√. CXn-s\-°p-dn®v
IqSp-X¬ At\z-jn-°p-sa∂pw At∏mƒ IqSp-X¬ Imcy-߃ ]p
d-Øp-h-cpsa∂pw At±lw ]d-™p.
BZyw Ah¿ CXns‚ hoUntbm tS∏v Xß-fpsS ssIbn-ep-
s≠∂v ]XØn¬ Fgp-Xn. F∂m¬, \mw _‘-s∏-´-t∏mƒ ]
d-bp-∂-Xv, hoUntbm tS∏n√ HmUntbmtS∏m-Wp-≈-sX-∂v. Rm≥
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
101
]d-™-Xp-t]mse If-hn\v Imep-≠m-Ip-I-bn-√. Cu ]kvXmh\
Ch¿ am‰n-s°m-t≠-bn-cn-°pw. CXmWv]X-]-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚
As√¶n¬ ]m°n-ÿm\o ]`mhØns‚ Ah-ÿ.
Rm≥ ]d-b-s´, Imcyw ChnsS Aßs\ Ahkm-\n-°p-I
bn-√. Rß-fp-sS-ta¬ CXbpw shdp∏pfhm°p∂ Bt£]w
D∂bn®ncn°p∂Xnt\bpw Cu Ahÿbn¬ AlvaZnIƒs°
Xncn¬ KqVmtemN\ \SØnbXnt\bpw Ipdn®v, Chns-SsØ
\nbaw A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂X\pkcn®v Ahkm\w hsc sIm≠p
sNs∂Øn°p∂XmWv. Aßs\ apkvenwIƒ°v, Npcpßnb
]£w ip≤]IrXcmb apkvenwIƒ°v Cu \maamX hnZym`ym
kap≈hcpsS [m¿an-I-kz- mhØns‚ \nehmcw a\nemIs´.
Rß-fp-sS-ta¬ Bt£-]-ap-≠m-b-t∏m-sg√mw R߃ £a-tbm-
Sp-IqSn lZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A)s‚ Cu \n¿t±ihpw
A[ym-]-\hp-amWv ap∂n¬ sh°p∂Xv. -
At±lw ]d-bp∂p: “\ΩpsS PamAØpw \mapw F¥msW∂v
F\n°v \√-h-Æ-a-dn-bmw. \mw kzndmsØ apkvXJoan¬ (sNm
∆mb ]mX-bn-¬) \S-°p-Ibpw \_n(-k)sb ]q¿Wambpw k
Xyk‘ambpw ]n≥]-‰p-Ibpw hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ ]cn-ip-≤-
A≤ym]\ßsf Pohn-XNcybm°p-Ibpw A°mcy߃ ]
d-bp-I- amXa√ kzI¿aØmepw A\p`hØnepw ÿm]n-®p-
Im-Wn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºm-gmWv A√m-lp-hns‚ klm-bw \
tΩmsSm∏-ap-≠m-IpIbp≈q. \mw Cu am¿Kw Ahew_n-°p-I-
bm-sW¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw Hm¿an-®p-sIm-≈p-I, apgp-tem-Ihpw
H∂n®ptN¿∂v \sΩ \in-∏n-°m≥ ian-®mepw \Ωƒ \in-
°p-I-bn-√. ImcWw A√mlp \tΩm-sSm-∏-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.” (A¬l°w 24/09/1904 t]Pv: 4)
A√mlp \aps°t∏mgpw Cu D]-tZ-i-a-\p-k-cn®v ]h¿Øn-
°m≥ ku`mKyw \evIn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-am-dm-I-s´. A√mlp
Ft∏mgpw \tΩm-sSm-∏-ap-≠mI-s´. Cu Zpjv]-Ir-X-°msc a‰p-
≈-h¿°v KpW]mT-Øn\v ASbmfam°pamdmIs´.
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
103
JpXv_ PpapA 10.03.2006
akvPnZv _bvØp¬ ^pXqlv, e≠≥, bp.sI.
• C°m-esØ PnlmZo kwL-S-\-Iƒ, A\p-h-Z-\o-b-amb
ImcWßtfm A[nImcßtfm IqSmsX Xß-fpsS
bp≤m[njvTnX apZm-hm-Iy-ßfpw I¿aßfpw sIm≠v a‰p
aXkvX¿°v hfsc A\mZcambpw \n¿e÷ambpw
Xncp\_n-(k)bpsS ]cnip≤ hy‡nXzØn\pta¬ \nc¿Yamb
BI-aWw \S-Øp-∂Xn\pw Ahkcw sImSp°pIbmWv.
• Xncp\_n B]mZNqVw Imcp-Wy-am-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xn\v
km£n-bm-Wv. Ahn-SsØ s\©IØn¬ XpSn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂
lrZ-btØ°mfpw hepXmbn Hcp lrZbØn\pw
ImcpWyØns‚ D∂X \nehmchpw tX´hpw
]q¿Ønbm°m≥ IgnbpIbn√.
• Xncp\_n(k)bpsS ]cnip≤ NcnXØn¬ \n∂v
BhnjvImc kzmX¥ytØbpw aXkzmX¥ytØbpw
aXjnjvWpXtbbpw kw_‘n® at\mlcamb
kw`hßfpsS lrZbkv]r°mb hnhcWw
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
105
Xncp\_n(-k)bpsS hnip≤ PohnXsØ°pdn®v Aapkvenw
IfpsS `mKØp\n∂v D∂bn°s∏Sp∂ Bt£]w, Xncp
\_n(k) sIm≠ph∂ aXØn¬ \DuZp_n√mlv ImTn\y
hpw AcpwsImeIfpa√msX as‰m∂pans√∂pw Ckveman¬
aXkln-jvWp-X-bp-tSbpw kl-\-Øn-t‚bpw kzmX-¥y-Øn-t‚
bpw k¶¬]w t]mepans√∂pw Cu A≤ym]\ßfpsS kzm
[o\w apkvenwIfpsS ]IrXØns‚ `mKambnØo¿∂ncn°p
∂psh∂pamWv. CXp kw_-‘-n®v Rm≥ ]e ]mhiyw t\c
tØbpw ]d-™p-I-gn-™n- p-≈-Xm-Wv, \n¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ apkvenw-
I-fnse Nne kwL-ß-fpw I£n-I-fpw CØcw Nn¥m-K-Xn-
D≠m°m\pw ÿm]n°m\pw klmbnIfmbn amdpIbmWv.
Zu¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ Ch-cpsS Cu ho£Whpw ]h¿Ø-\hpw
Aapkvenw temIØv ]tXy-In®v ]m›m-Xy-cn¬ \ΩpsS ]n
b-s∏´ bP-am-\-¿ lZvdØv apl-ΩZp apkvX-^m(-k)-sb-°p-
dn®v \nc¿Yhpw A\m-h-iyhpw Atß-b‰w \nµmhl-hp-am b
Nn¥mKXnIƒ ]ISn∏n°m≥ Ahkcw D≠m°p∂p. AtX
kabw Nne kwL-ß-fp-tSbpw I£n-I-fp-tSbpw ]h¿Ø\w
]q¿Wambpw Ckvem-an-I A≤ym]\߃°pw [m¿anI A\p
imk\߃°pw -hn-cp-≤-am-sW∂v \ap-°-dn-bmw. Ckvem-an-
Im-[ym-]\w FXtØmfw at\m-l-c-amsW∂m¬ ]-£]mX
an√mØ GsXmcmtfbpw AXns‚ kuµcyhpw at\mlmcnX
bpw kzm[o\n°msX hnSpIbn√.
106 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
AapkvenwIfpambn \√\nebn¬ h¿Øn°m\p≈
Ckvemans‚ at\mlcamb A≤ym]\w
hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ Hcp]mSv ÿe-ß-fn¬ Aap-kvenw-I-tfm
Sp \√ \ne-bn¬ h¿Øn°m\pw Ah-cpsS AhImi߃
i≤n°m\pw Ah-tcmSv \oXn-]q¿hw h¿Øn°m\pw, Ah-
cpsS aXImcy-Øn¬ Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ _em¬°m-chpw ]m
Sns√∂pw aXkw_‘ambn ImTn\yw AcpsX∂pw XpSßn \n
ch[n Iev]-\-I-ƒ X߃°p≈Xn\p ]pdta AapkvenwIƒ°v
th≠nbpap≠v. AsX, Nne kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ bp≤߃°pw A\p-
aXnbp-≠v. ]t£, AXpw iXp°ƒ Bcw`w Ipdn°pIbpw
DS-º-Sn-Iƒ ewLn-°p-Ibpw A\oXn ImWn-°pIbpw AI-a-
߃ AXn-cp-I-S-°p-Itbm AIaw ImWn°pItbm sNøp∂
AhÿbnemWv sNtø-≠-Xv. F∂m¬, CXn\v GsX-¶nepw
cmPyØnse Kq∏nt\m Pam-A-Ønt\m AhImi-an-√. adn-®v, CXv
F¥p sNø-W-sa∂pw Fßs\ Cu AI-asØ Ah-km-\n-∏n-
°-W-sa∂pw Xocp-am-\n-t°-≠Xv c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ tPmenbmWv.
A-√msX GsX-¶nepw PnlmZo kwL-S\ Fgp-t∂‰v Cu ]
hrØn sNbvXp XpSßm≥ ]mSn-√.
a°bnse \ntj[nIfptSbpw
Ckvemans‚ iXp°fptSbpw AXnIa߃°pw
AIaW߃°pw FXncn¬ Xncp\_n(k)bpsS
AXnalØmb DØa amXrI
Xncp\_n(-k)-bpsS ImeØpw bp≤-ß-fpsS ]tXyI kml
-N-cy-߃ krjvSn-°-s∏-´ncp∂p, AXn¬ \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn-
apkvenw-Iƒ°v _Z¬ bp≤w sNtø≠n h∂p. F∂m¬, Rm≥
]d-™-Xp-t]mse C°m-esØ PnlmZo kwL-S-\-Iƒ, A\p-
h-Z-\o-b-amb ImcWßtfm A[nImcßtfm IqSmsX Xß-fp
sS bp≤m[njvTnX apZm-hm-Iy-ßfpw I¿aßfpwsIm≠v a‰p
aXkvX¿°v Cu Ahkcw sImSp°pIbmWv. AXns‚ e-ambn
Ah¿°v hfsc A\mZcambpw \n¿e÷ambpw Xncp\_n-(k)
bpsS ]cnip≤ hy‡nXzØn\pta¬ \nc¿Yamb BI-aWw
\S-Øp-∂Xn\pw AXv XpScp∂Xn\pw ss[cyap≠mIp∂p. F
∂m¬, B]mZNqVw ImcpWyhpw a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øns‚ D]-Im-
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
107
cnbpw a\p-jym-h-Im-i-Øns‚ al-Ømb kq£n-∏p-Im-c-\p-amb
Xncp\_nbpsS Ahÿ bp≤Øn¬t]mepw, iXp-°ƒ°v
kuIcyw \¬Im\p≈ Hcp Ahkchpw \jvSs∏SpØnbn√
F∂XmWv. Xncp\_n(k)s‚ Pohn-X-Ønse Hmtcm I¿ahpw
Hmtcm ]h¿Ø\hpw Ahn-SsØ Pohn-X-Øns‚ Hmtcm \nan-
j-hpw, t\chpw Xncp\_n B]mZNqVw Imcp-Wy-am-bn-cp∂p
F∂-Xn\v km£n-bm-Wv. Ahn-SsØ s\©IØn¬ XpSn-®p-
sIm-≠n-cp∂ lrZ-btØ°mfpw hepXmbn Hcp lrZbØn\pw
ImcpWyØns‚ D∂X \nehmchpw tX´hpw ]q¿Ønbm°m≥
IgnbpIbn√. kam-[m-\m-h-ÿ-bnepw bp≤-th-f-bnepw ho´nepw
shfn-bnepw ssZ\wZn\ CS]mSpIfnepw a‰p aXÿcp-ambn´p≈
DSºSn-I-fnepw Xncp\_n(k) Bhn-jv°m-c-kzm-X-¥y-Øn-
t‚bpw aXØnt‚bpw -k-ln-jvWp-X-bp-tSbpw \nehmcw ÿm
]n°p∂Xn\p≈ amXrIbmWv krjvSn®Xv. Xncp\_n(k)
hnP-b-io-em-fn-X-\mbn a°-bn¬ ]th-in-®-t∏mƒ, ]cm-P-b
s∏´ P\-X°v -am∏v sImSp°pIbpw ImcpWy]q¿hw s]cp-am-
dpIbpw AhnsS aXkzmX¥yØn\p ]q¿Wambpw AhImiw
\¬IpIbpw sNbvXp.
aX-]-c-amb Imcy-ß-fn¬ \n¿_-‘-an-√ (2: 257)
˛ F∂ hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\nse Iev]-\-b-p-sS D∂X amXrI ÿm]n
-®p. AXmbXv, aXw \nß-fpsS lrZ-b-Ønse Imcy-am-Wv. Fs‚
BKlw \n߃ kXy-aXw kzoI-cn-°-W-sa∂pw \nßfpsS
Cl-tem-Ihpw ]c-tem-Ihpw \∂mIWsa∂pw \nß-fpsS s]mdp-
°-en-\p≈ kml-N-cy-߃ D≠mIWsa∂pamWv. ]t£, Hcp
_em¬°mc-hp-an-√. Xncp\_n(k)bpsS PohnXw kln-jvWp-X-
bp-tSbpw aX-kzm-X-¥y-Øn-t‚bpw hy‡n-kzm-X-¥y-Øn-t‚bpw
]Imiam\amb DZm-l-c-W-߃sIm≠v \nd-™p-In-S-°p-∂p.
Ah-bn¬ Nne-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v Rm≥ ]cma¿in°mw.
a°bn¬ Xncp\_nbpsS ]hm-NIhmZ-Øn-\p- ti-j-ap≈
13 h¿j-°m-esØ -Po-hnXw FX ITn\hpw FX ]bmk`
cnXambncp∂psh∂Xpw Xncp\_n(k)bpw Xncpkzlm_Øpw
(cn-fvhm-\p-√mln Ae-bvlnw) FX Zp:Jhpw ]bmkßfpw
108 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
kln®psh∂Xpw B¿°mWv Adn-bm-Ø-Xv. \´p-®-t\-cØv Np´p-
]-gpØ aW-en¬ InSØn. Np´p-s]m-≈p∂ Icn-¶√pIƒ Ah-
cpsS s\©n-t∑¬ -sh-®p. Nm -hm¿ sIm≠v A-Sn-®p. kvXoI-fpsS
Imep-Iƒ ]nf¿Øn sImes∏SpØpIbpw ilo-Zm°pIbpw
sNbvXp. \_n(-k)-°v ta¬ ]eXcw AIaWßfpw \SØn.
kpPqZv sNøptºmƒ Nne kabØv H´-I-Øns‚ IpS¬ame
sIm≠p-h∂v Xncp\_nbpsS CSp∏n¬ sh®p. AXns‚ `mcw
ImcWw Xncp\_n°v Fgpt∂¬°m≥ - Ign-™n-cp-∂n-√. Xzmbn-
v bmXbn¬ Ip´n-Iƒ Is√-dn-™p, A\mhiyhpw tamihpamb
`mj D]tbmKn®p. NoØ-hn-fn-°p-Ibpw sXdn ]d-bp-Ibpw sN
bvXp. Ah-cpsS t\Xm-°-∑m¿ t]m’mln∏n°pIbpw t]
cn-∏n-°pIbpw sNbvXpsIm≠ncp∂p. Xncp\_n(k)\v FXtØm
fw apdnhp ]‰nsb∂m¬ Xe apX¬ Im¬ hsc c‡]¶neambn.
apIfn¬ \n∂v HgpIp∂ c‡w ]mZc£Iƒ hscsbØn.
iAv_v A_o-Xzm-en-_nse kw`hap≠v. \_n(-k)-tbbpw
Ahn-SsØ IpSpw-_-tØbpw hnizm-kn-°p∂htcbpw h¿j-ß-
tfmfw D]tcm[n®p. Xn∂m\pw IpSn°m\pw H∂pap≠mbncp∂n√.
Ip´nIƒ hni∏pw Zmlhpw ImcWw tXßn°cbpIbmbncp∂p.
Hcp kzlm-_n- Cu Ahÿbn¬ Ccp´Øv \neØv InS°p
∂ Ft¥m am¿±hap≈ Hcp km[\w Xs‚ Imen¬ X´nb
t∏mƒ `£n°m\p≈ h√Xpambncn°psa∂v IcpXn hmbnen
SpIbp≠mbn. CXm-bn-cp∂p hni∏ns‚ Ah-ÿ, Akzkv
XXbpsS Ahÿ.
Cu Ah-ÿ-Iƒ ImcWw \n¿_‘nXcmbn lnPvdØv sN
tø-≠-n-hcpIbpw Aßs\ lnPvdØv sNbvXv aZo-\-bn-seØp
Ibpw sNbvXt∏mƒ Ahn-tSbpw iXp-°ƒ ]n∑m-dn-bn-√. BI-
aWw \S-Øn. aZo-\bn¬ hkn°q∂ blq-Zn-Isf \_n(-k)-
bvs°-Xn-cn¬ Cf-°n-hn-Sm≥ ian-®p. Rm≥ hfsc kw£n-]v
Xambn ]d™ Cu Ah-ÿbn¬ bp≤ap≠mhpIbpw AIan
°s∏´h¿°v adp]Sn sImSp°m≥ Ahkcw e`n°pIbpw
sNøptºmƒ AIaØn\v AIaw sIm≠v adp]Sn sImSp
°m\mWv ian°mdp≈Xv. bp≤Øn¬ F√mw A\phZ\obam
sW∂mWv ]dbs∏Smdp≈Xv. F∂m¬ \ΩpsS \_n(k) Cu
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
109
Ahÿbnepw lrZbss\¿aeyØnt‚bpw ImcpWyØnt‚bpw
D∂X\nehmcamWv ÿm]n®Xv. a°bn¬ \n∂v h∂n´v
Ipd®p kabta Ign™n´p≠mbncp∂p≈q, F√m apdnhpIfpw
]®bmbn \n¬°p∂p≠mbncp∂p, Xncp\_n°v Xs‚ A\p
bmbnIfpsS ]bmkw Xs‚ ]bmktØ°mƒ hepXmbn A\p
`hs∏Sp∂p≠mbncp∂p, ]t£ F∂n´pw CkvemanI XXzß
fpw \nbaßfpw ewLn°pIbp≠mbn√. Xncp\_nbpsS kz`m
hØnt‚bpw A≤ym]\Ønt‚bpw `mKambn amdnbn´p≠mbn
cp∂ [m¿anIXsb XI¿Øn√. C∂v t\m°pI, Nne ]m›m-Xy-
cmPy-ß-ƒ bp≤w sNøp∂htcmSv Fs¥m-s°bmWv sNøm-Ø-
Xv. F∂m¬, adp`mKØv Xncp\_n(-k)bpsS amXrI t\m°p-I.
AtX∏‰n NcnXØn¬ Hcp \nth-Z-\-Øn¬ Cßs\ ImWmw.
_Zv¿ bp≤m-h-k-c-Øn¬ Ckvem-anI ssk\yw Xº-Sn-®n-cp∂
ÿew \√-X-√m-bn-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ, l∫m-_v(d) _n≥ ap≥Zn¿
\_n(-k)-tbmSp tNmZn-®p: Aßv Xº-Sn°m\p≈ ÿew
Xnc-s™-Sp-ØXv A√m-lp-hns‚ C¬lma-\p-k-cn-®mtWm,
A√mlp AßtbmSv ]d™XmtWm AtXm kzbw C„-
s∏-´X-mtWm? ssk\y\o°Øn\v Cu ÿew \√XmsW∂v
Atß°v sXm∂p∂pt≠m? \_n(-k) ]d-™p: ‘CXv tIhew
bp≤X¥]cambn Cu ÿew \√XmsW∂v Rm≥ IcpXp∂p,
Db¿∂ÿeamWv.’ At±lw ]d™p: ‘Cu ÿew DNnXa√.
Aßv Ch-tcbpw Iq´n \S∂mepw, sh≈-Øns‚ Dd-hp-≈ ÿew
ssI°-em-°mw. AhnsS Hcp lufv D≠m°n-b-Xn-\p-tijw
bp≤w XpS-ßmw. Aßs\bmbm¬ \ap°v IpSn-°m≥ sh≈w
In´p-Ibpw iXp°ƒ°v sh≈w IpSn°m≥ In´pIbpan√.
\_n(-k) ]d™p; BIs´, Xm¶fpsS A`n]mbw am\n°p∂p.
Aßs\ ]ds∏SpIbpw B ÿe-Øp-t]mbn Xº-Sn-°pIbpw
sNbvXp. Ipd-®p-I-gn™v Jpd-bvin-I-fnse Nne BfpIƒ sh≈w
IpSn°m≥ lufn¬ h∂t∏mƒ kzlm-_Øv Ahsc XS-bm≥
ian-®p. \_n(-k) ]d-™p. XS-b-cp-Xv. Ahsc sh≈w IpSn°m≥
A\p-h-Zn-°p-I. (kodØp∂_n..C_v\p lnimw, `mKw: 2, t]
Pv: 284, Uzvathu Badrul Kubra- aivhdØp¬ l∫m_v Ae
¿dkq¬(k))
110 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
Ckvemw hmfns‚ _eØne√, adn®v k¬kz`mhhpw
Ckvemanse BhnjvImc, aXkzmX¥yØns‚
]mT߃sIm≠pamWv ]Ncn®Xv
CXmWv Xncp\_n(-k)-bpsS D∂X \ne. AXn\v Ipd-®p
aptºbmWv iXp-°ƒ apkvenw Ip´n-I-fpsS t]mepw A∂]m
\ob߃ apS-°n-b-Xv. F∂m¬, Xncp\_n(k) A°mcyw
AhKWn°pIbpw Xs‚ \nb¥WØnepw ssIImcyØn
epap≠mbncp∂ Acphnbn¬\n∂v,Ddhbn¬\n∂v iXp`S∑m¿
sh≈w sIm≠p-t]m-Im≥ FØnbXmbt∏mƒ Ahsc XS
™n√. ImcWw sh≈wapS°p∂Xv F∂Xv Xcw-XmW kz`m-
ham-Wv. Ckvem-an\pta¬ D∂-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ G‰-hpw- h-enb
Bt£]w AXv hmfns‚ _ew sIm≠v ]Ncn®p-sh-∂-Xm-
Wv. Ch¿ sh≈saSp°m≥ h∂t∏mƒ, sh≈w thWsa¶n¬
RßfpsS \n_‘\Iƒ AwKoIcn°Wsa∂v ]d™v \n¿
_‘n°mambncp∂p. Ahn-izm-kn-I-ƒ ]e- bp≤ßfnepw
Aßs\ sNbvXn´p≈XmWv. F∂m¬ Xncp\_n(k) Aßs\
sNbvXtXbn-√. apkvenw-Iƒ°v ]q¿W i‡nbp≠mbncp∂n√,
_e-lo-\-cm-bn-cp∂p, AXpsIm≠v Hcp]t£ bp≤-Øn¬\n
∂v c£-s∏-Sm≥ th≠n-bmWv Cu HuZmcyw sNbvX-sX∂v
thW-sa-¶n¬ ]d-bmw. bYm¿YØn¬, CXv sX‰m-Wv. a°-
bnse Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ apkvenw-I-fpsS c‡-Øn-\p-th≠n
Zmln-°p-∂-h-cm-sW∂pw apkvenwIfpsS cq]w ImWp∂ amX
bn¬ Xs∂ AhcpsS IÆpIfn¬ tNmc Xnf°p-sa∂pw
Hmtcm apkvenwIp´n-°pw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v
Ah-sc∏‰n B¿°pw ip`m]vXn hnizmkw C√mbncp∂p.
\_n(k)\v AØcw ip`m]vXn hnizmkØns‚ ]iv\w Xs∂
DZn°p∂n√. Xncp\_n(k) CsX√mw,Cu A\pIºbm¿∂
s]cpam‰w B]mZNqVw ImcpWyhpw am\pjnI aqeyßsf
hneaXn°p∂ ImcWØmepamWv sNbvXXv. ImcWw Xncpta\n
Xs∂bmbncp∂p Cu aqeyßsf Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p≈ ]mTw \
evtI-≠n-bn-cp-∂Xpw.
C\n h[in£ hn[n°s∏´ iXp-hns‚ IY t\m°pI.
\_n(k) Abmƒ°v am∏p \¬IpI amX-a-√ sNbvXXv adn®v
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
111
apkvenw-I-ƒ°nS-bn¬ Xma-kn-®p-sIm≠v Xs‚ aX-Øn¬ \ne\n
¬°m\pw A\p-hmZw \¬IpIbp≠mbn. B kw`hw Cß-s\-
bm-Wv.
A_q-P-lvens‚ aI≥ CIvcna Xs‚ ]nXm-hn-s\-t∏mse
BbpjvImew apgph≥ \_n(k)s∂-Xn-cn¬ bp≤w sNbvXp
sIm≠ncp∂p. a°m hnP-b-Øn¬ \_n(-k) am∏nt‚bpw kwc
£WØnt‚bpw hnfw_cw \SØnbn´pw Hcp ssk\y-Øn-\p-
ta¬ Cbmƒ BI-aWw \SØpIbpw ld-an¬ c‡-sam-gp-Im≥
\nanØ-amhpIbpw sNbvXp. bp≤-]-c-amb Cu Ip‰w ImcWw
Abmƒ h[-m¿l\msW∂v hn[n-°-s∏-´p. apkvenw-I-fpsS
apºn¬ B¿°pw \n¬°m≥ sI¬∏n√mbncp∂p. AXp-sIm≠v
a°m-hn-P-b-Øn-\p-tijw Poh-c-£m¿Yw Abmƒ ba-\n-te°v
Hfn-t®m-Sn. Abm-fpsS `mcy \_n(-k)-tbmSv Abmƒ°p-th≠n
am∏t]£n®t∏mƒ \_n(-k) henb A\p-I-º-tbm-Sp-IqSn
Abmƒ°v am∏p-sIm-Sp-Øp. XpS¿∂v Ah¿ Xs‚ `¿Øm-hns\
Iq´n-s°m-≠p-h-cm≥ t]mbn, ]t£, \_n(k) am∏p-sIm-Sp-
ØXv CIvcn-abv°v hnizkn°m≥ Ig™n-√. ImcWw Hcp-]m
Sv AIaw sNøpIbpw \nc-h[n apkvenw-Isf sIm√pIbpw
Ah-km\ Znh-kw-hsc bp≤w sNbvX-psIm≠ncn°pIbpw sN
bvXv F\n°v Fßs\ am∏p-e-`n-°m-\m-Wv! FXm-bmepw Fß-
s\-sbm-s°tbm hnizmkw hcpØn `¿Øm-hv CIvcnasb
Ah¿ Xncn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-∂p. Aßs\ Abmƒ \_n(-k)bpsS
Z¿_m-dn¬ lmP-cm-bn. Xs‚ `mcy ]d-™-Imcyw ÿnco-I-
cn°m≥ BKln®t∏mƒ At±lØns‚ hchn¬ \_n(-k)
At±ltØmSv A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øpwhn-[-am-Wv HuZmcy]q¿hw s]
cp-am-dn-b-Xv. iXp-k-aq-l-Øns‚ t\Xm-hns\ BZcn°p∂Xn\p
th≠n BZyw \_n(-k), At±-lsØ BZ-cn-°m≥ Fgp-
t∂-‰p-\n-∂p. CIvcna tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ, \_n(k) ]d™p;
bYm¿YØn¬ Rm≥ \n߃°v am∏v -X-∂n-cn-°p∂p. (apAXzm
Camw amenIv, InØm_p∂n°mlv) XpS¿∂v CIvcna tNmZn-®p.
Fs‚ aXØn¬Xs∂ XpS¿∂p sImt≠m? Fs‚ in¿°ns‚
Ah-ÿ-bn¬Xs∂bmtWm F\n°v am∏p X∂n-´p-≈Xv; s]m
dpØp X∂-Xv? \_n(k) ]d-™p; AtX. At∏mƒ CIvcn-a-
112 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
bpsS s\©Iw Ckvem-an-∂mbn Xpd-°-s∏- p. A\n-b-¥n-X-ambn
At±lw ]d-™p. A√tbm apl-Ω-Zv(-k), Aßv Xo¿®-bmbpw
Atß-b‰w Zbm-ephpw HuZmcyhm\pw c‡-_‘w \ne-\ndpØp-
∂-bm-fp-am-Wv. dkqep√mlv (-k)-bpsS k¬kz`mhØnt‚bpw
HuZmcyØnt‚bpw Znhym-¤pXw I≠n´v CIvcna apk¬am-\m-
bn. ((kodØp∂_n..C_v\p lnimw, `mKw: 3, t]Pv: 109, ]
km: _bvdqØv)
Ckvemw Cß-s\ k¬kz`mhw sIm≠pw Bhnjv°mc, aX-
kzm-X-¥y-Øn\v A\phmZw \¬Ins°m≠pamWv ]Ncn®Xv.
k¬kz`mhØnt‚bpw aXkzmX-¥y-Øn-t‚bpw Cu Aºv Hcp
\nanjw sIm≠v CIvcn-asbt]mep≈ hy‡nsb IogS°n.
\_n(-k) XS-hp-Im¿°pw ASn-a-Iƒ°pw CjvSap≈ aXw
kzoI-cn-°m≥ A\p-hmZw \evIn-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£ Ckvemans‚
]NmcWØn\p≈ ImcWw CkvemanI A≤ym]\ßsf°dn®v
P\߃°v Adnhn√mØXn\m¬ AhtcmSv ]dbWsa∂
ssZhnI I¬∏\ A\pkcn®mWv. Cu BKlw AXv \nß
ƒ°v ssZhkmao]yw ]Zm\w sNøpsa∂p≈XpsIm≠mWv. \n
ßtfmSp≈ klm\p`qXn sIm≠mWv R߃ \nßtfmSv CXv
]dbp∂Xv.
Hcp XShpImcs‚ kw`hw D≠v. kCuZv _n≥ A_n kCuZv
hnh-cn-°p-∂p. At±lw lZvdØv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Cßs\ ]
d-bp-∂-Xmbn tI´p. dkq¬ Icow (-k) \PvZn-te°v ssk\y
sØ Ab-®p. Ah¿ _\q l\o^bnse Hcmsf XS-hp-Im-c-\m
bn sIm≠p-h-∂p. Abm-fpsS t]cv kpama _n≥ Akm¬
F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. kzlm_m°ƒ Abmsf akvPnZv \_vhn-b-nse
XqWn¬ sI´n-bn- p. dkq¬ Icow (-k) Abm-fp-sS-b-Sp-°¬ h∂p
tNmZn-®p, ‘kpama! \n\°v Fs¥-¶nepw ImcWw t_m[n-∏n-
°m-\p-t≠m? \nt∂mSv Fßs\ s]cp-am-dp-sa-∂mWv \o [cn-
°p-∂-Xv.?’ Abmƒ ]d-™p. ‘Rm≥ \√tX IcpXp∂p≈q.
Aßv Fs∂ h[n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, Hcp sIme-]m-X-In-sb-
bm-bn-cn°pw h[n-°p-∂-Xv. Aßv A\pKln-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬,
HuZm-cy-ßsf hne-a-Xn-°p∂ Hcp hy‡n-sb-bm-bn-cn°pw
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
113
Aßv A\pKln-°p-∂-Xv. Aßv [\-am-K-ln-°p-s∂-¶n¬
FX thW-sa-¶nepw hmßmhp∂XmWv.’ Abmƒ°p th≠n
AXbpw [\w \¬Im≥ AbmfpsS P\X Xømdmbncp∂p.
Aßs\ ASp-Ø-Zn-hkw DZn-®p-b¿∂p. \_n (k) ho≠pw
h∂p kpamatbmSv tNmZn-®p. ‘F¥mWv Xocp-am-\w?’ kpama ]
d™p: ‘AXv Rm≥ C∂seØs∂ AßtbmSv ]d-™-Xm-Wv.
Aßv A\pKln-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, HuZm-cy-ßsf hne-a-Xn-
°p∂ Hcp hy‡n-sb-bm-bn-cn°pw Aßv A\pKln-°p-∂-Xv.’ \_n(-k) Abmsf Ahn-sS Xs∂ hn´pt]m-bn. aq∂mw Znhkw
DZn-®p-b¿∂p. ho≠pw \_n(k) Abm-fp-sS-b-Sp-°¬ h∂p tNmZn-
®p; ‘kpama, F¥mWv \ns‚ Xocp-am-\w?’ Abmƒ ]d-™p.
‘Rm≥ ]d-tb-≠-sX√mw ]d-™p-I-gn-™XmWv.’ \_n(-k) ]
d™p; Abmsf tamNn∏n°pI. Aßs\ kpama tamNn-X-\m
bn. ]ns∂ Abmƒ akvPnZns‚ ASp-Øp≈ Cu¥∏\tØm´-
Øn¬t]mbn Ipfn-®p. akvPnZn¬ h∂v ilm-ZØv Iena
sNm√ns°m≠p ]d™p: ‘G apl-Ω-Zv(-k)! A√mlphmsW,
Rm≥ F\n°v temIØn¬ G‰-hp-a-[nIw shdp∏v Aß-bpsS
apJam-bn-cp-∂p. Ct∏mƒ F\n-t°-‰hpw ]nb-¶-c-am-bn-´p-≈-Xv
Aß-bpsS apJ-amWv. A√mlp-hmsW! F\n°v G‰-hp-a-[nIw
shdp∏v Aßv sIm≠p-h∂ aX-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m-en-t∏mƒ,
Aßp-sIm-≠p-h∂ aX-amWv F\n°v G‰hpw ]nb-¶-c-am-
bn-´p-≈Xv. A√m-lphmsW! F\n°v G‰-hp-a-[nIw shdp∏v
AßbpsS \Kcambmbn-cp-∂p. C-t∏mƒ CtX \KcamWv
F\n-t°-‰hpw ]nbs∏´Xv. Aß-bpsS IpXn-c-∏-´mfw Fs∂
]nSn-®p. Rm\mIs´ Dwd sNøm\p≈ BK-lØn-embncp∂p.
Aßv CXp kw_‘n®v F¥mWv \n¿t±in°p-∂-Xv. AXmbXv
Rm≥ Dwd sNøm≥ t]mIpIbmbncp∂p. Ct∏mƒ Aßv
F¥mWv I¬∏n°p∂Xv. \_n(-k) At±-l-Øn\v kphn-tijw
\¬IpIbpw -Ckvemw kzoI-cn-®-Xn¬ BiwkIƒ t\cpIbpw
sNbvXp. Dwd sNøm≥ I¬∏n°pIbpw A√mlp AXv kzoI-cn-
°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. At±lw a°-bn-se-Øn-b-
t∏mƒ, \o km_n-bmbncn°pIbmtWm F∂v Btcm tNmZn-®p.
At±lw ]d-™p. A√. Rm≥ apl-ΩZv dkq-ep-√m-lv (k)¬
114 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hmsW! C\n \_nXncpta\n(k)
A\paXn Xcp∂Xp htcbpw bam-a-bn¬\n∂v tKmX-ºns‚ Hcp
[m\y-a-Wn-t]mepw \nß-fp-sS-b-Sp-°¬ FØp-I-bn-√. (_pJmcn..
InXm_p¬ aKmkn.._m_p h^Zn _\o l\o^ h lZokp
kpamaØ _n\p Akm¬)
as‰mcp \nthZ\Øn¬ ]dbp∂p; Ckvemw kzoIcn®
tijw Dwd sNøm≥ t]mbt∏mƒ a°bnse \ntj[nIƒ
At±lw Ckvemw kzoIcn®psh∂v And™t∏mƒ Nne-bm-
fp-Iƒ At±-lsØ a¿±n°m≥ ian°pIbpw a¿±n°pIbpw
sNbvXp. At∏m-gmWv, Hcp [m\y-a-Wn-t]mepw Chn-tS°p hcn-
I-bn-s√∂pw \_n(k)¬\n∂v A\p-hmZw e`n-°p-∂-Xp-hsc
[m\y-߃ Ab °p-I-bn-s√-∂pw At±lw ]d-™Xv. Aßs\
At±lw t]mbn Xs‚ P\-X-tbmSp ]d-bpIbpw Ahn-sS-\n
∂v [m\yw hcp-∂Xv \ne-°pIbpw sNbvXp. hfsc tamiamb
Ahÿ kwPmXambn. XpS¿∂v A_q-kp^vbm≥, \_n(-k)-
bpsS k∂n-[n-bn¬, P\߃ hni∂p acn°p∂psh∂pw
kzkaqltØmSv IcpW ImWn°Wsa∂pap≈ At]-£-bp-
am-bn-s´-Øn. \n߃ apkvenw-I-fm-bm¬ [m\yw In´psa∂√
\_n(-k) ]d-™Xv. adn-®v, DS≥ Xs∂ \_n(-k), Cu D]
tcm[w ]n≥hen°pIsb∂pw AXv AIaamsW∂pw Ip´nI
ƒ°pw henbh¿°pw tcmKnIƒ°pw hr≤¿°pw £Ww Bh
iyamsW∂pw AXh¿°v kuIcys∏SpØWsa∂pw kpam-
abv°v ktµ-i-a-b-®p. (kodØp∂_n..C_v\p lnimw)
adp`mKØv t\m°pI, _µnbmb kpam-a-tbmSp, Ct∏mƒ \o
Rß-fpsS hcpXnbnemsW∂pw AXpsIm≠v apkvenamIpI
F∂pw ]d-™n-√. aq∂pZnh-kw-hsc At±lhpambn \√\n
ebn¬ s]cpamdpIbmWv sNbvXXv. amXa√ k¬s]cpam
‰Øns‚ D∂X amXrI ÿm]n®p sIm≠v kzX-¥-\m-°pIbpw
sNbvXp. kpamabpw Dƒ°m-gvN-bp≈ hy‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu
kzmX¥yw In´n-b D-S≥ Xs∂ \_n(-k) injy-Xz-Øn¬ _‘n
X\mIm≥ At±lw kzbw Xs∂ ka¿∏n®p. AXn-emWv Xs‚
`uXn-Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb \∑-sb∂v At±lw a\-n-em°n.
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
115
]ns∂ Hcp blqZnASn-a-sb \o ASn-a-bm-sW-∂pw Fs‚
Iogn-em-sW∂pw AXp-sIm≠v Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv sNbvXpsIm-
ff-W-sa∂pw ]d-™v \n¿_‘n®n-√. Ah-km\w B blqZn
tcmK-mXpc\m-bn. AbmfpsS Ahÿ KpcpXcamsW∂v I≠
t∏mƒ Abm-fpsS ]cy-h-km\w ip‘-am-I-W-sa∂ Xohm`n
emjambncp∂p. ssZh-Øns‚ Ah-km\ \nb-a-]-am-WsØ
km£y-s∏-SpØmsX Abmƒ Cu temIØp\n∂v t]mIcp
sX∂pw km£ys∏SpØp∂ Ahÿbn¬ t]mIWsa∂pw
Aßs\ Abmƒ°v A√mlphns‚ s]mdp°en\v kml
Ncyap≠mIWsa∂pambncp∂p Nn¥-.
lZvdØv A\kv(d) \nthZ\w sNøp∂p; dkq¬ Xncpta\n(-k)
-bpsS ]cn-Nm-c-I-\m-bn-cp∂ Hcp blq-Zn Ip´n tcmKmXpc\m-bn.
\_n(-k) Abmsf kµ¿in°m≥ t]mbn. AbmfpsS Xe°p
`mKØp \n∂v ]d-™p; Ckvemw kzoIc-n-°pI. as‰mcp \n
th-Z-\-Øn¬ Abmƒ Xs‚ apXn¿∂ Bfp-I-fn-te°v t\m°n-
sb-∂p-ap-≠v. FXm-bmepw AhcpsS kΩ-Xw e`n®nt´m kzbw
tXm∂nbnt´m Abmƒ Ckvemw kzoIcn-®p. (kzlolv _pJmcn..
InØm_p¬ P\mCkv..lZokv \º¿: 1356)
Abm-ƒ Ckvemw- kzoI-cn®Xv Xo¿®bmbpw tkhI\mbXp
sIm≠v \_n(-k)\v AbmtfmSp≈ kvt\lakrWamb s]-
cp-am-‰-Ønt‚bpw Abmƒ°v \¬Inb kzmX¥yØnt‚bpw
^e-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXmbXv Ckvemw kXy-a-X-am-bXpsIm≠v
AXv kzoIcn°p∂XnemWv c£-. ImcWw hm’eyØnt‚bpw
A\pKlØnt‚bpw Cu Bƒcq]w Fs‚ Xn∑ Hcn°epw
BKln°pIbn√.Xncp\_n(k) Xo¿®bmbpw kXyØnepw
a‰p≈hsc G‰hpw \√Xnte°pw G‰hpw \√ I¿aØnte°pw
hnfn°p∂p. Cu kzmX-¥y-amWv \_n(k) ÿm]n®-Xv. tem
IØv Hcn°epw CXn\v XØpeyambXv e`n°pIbn√.
\_n(-k) Xncp-ta\n ]hm-N-I-Xz-hm-Z-Øn\p aptºbpw Bhn-
jvIm-c-kzm-X-¥y-tØbpw aX-kzm-X-¥y-tØbpw Pohn-X-kzm-
X-¥y-tØbpw C„-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. ASn-a-XzsØ shdp-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp-∂p. lZvdØvv JZo-P(-d) hnhm-l-Øn-\p-tijw Xs‚
116 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
kzØp-°fpw ASn-a-It-fbp-w \_n(-k)°v \¬Inbt∏mƒ
\_n(k) lZvdØv JZo--P-tbmSv]d™p; CsX√mw F\n°v Xcn-
I-bm-sW-¶n¬ ]ns∂ Fs‚ \nb¥WØnembncn°pw. Rm≥
C„ap≈Xv sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah¿ ]d™p; AXn-\p-th-≠n
Xs∂bmWv Xcp-∂-Xv, \_n(k) ]d™p; Rm≥ ASn-a-Isf
tamNn-∏n-°p-∂XmWv. lZvdØvv JZo-P(-d) ]d™p, “Aßbv°v
C„-ap-≈Xv sNømw. Rm≥ Aßbv°v X∂p-I-gn-™p. C\n F\n-
°v Hc-[n-Im-c-hp-an-√. Cu kºØv Aß-bp-tS-Xm-Wv.’ Aßs\
\_n(k) lZvdØv JZo-P(-d)-bpsS ASn-a-Isf hnfn®v ]d™p;
\nß-sf-√m-hcpw C∂p-ap-X¬ kzX-¥-cm-Wv. kzØns‚ A[n-
I-`m-Khpw Zcn-Z-¿°n-S-bn¬ hnX-cWhpw sNbvXp.
\_n(k) kzX-¥-cm°nbhcn¬ kbvZv F∂v t]cp-≈ Hcp
ASnabpap≠mbncp∂p. At±-lw a‰p ASn-a-I-fn¬\n∂v XnI®pw
ka¿Y\pw _p≤n-am-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw Nn¥n®Xv, F\n
°v Ct∏mƒ kzmX¥yw In´nbncn°p∂p, ASnaXzØns‚
apZ ]Xn™Xv Ahkm\n®ncn°p∂p, ]t£ \_n(k) s‚
ASnaXzØn¬ Ignbp∂XmWv F\n°v \√Xv F∂mbncp∂p.
At±lw ]d™p; icnbmWv Aßv Fs∂ kzX-¥-\m-°n
bncn°p∂p. -]t£, Rm≥ kzX-¥-\m-Ip-∂n-√. Rm≥ Aß-bpsS
IqsS ASn-a-bm-bn-Øs∂ Ignbp∂XmWv. Aßs\ At±lw
\_n-tbm-sSm∏w Xs∂ XpS¿∂p. Ccp`mKØp \n∂pap≈
kvt\l-Ønt‚bpw CjvSØnt‚bpw _‘w hf¿∂psIm-≠n-
cp-∂p. kbvZv Hcp kº∂ IpSpw-_-Ønse AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p.
kar≤ntbmsS Ign™ IpSpw-_-Ønse Bfmbncp∂p. sIm≈-
°m¿ At±-lsØ X´ns°m-≠p-t]mbn. XpS¿∂v hn¬°p-I
bpw ssIamdnss°amdn ChnsS FØpIbpambncp∂p. At±-
l-Øns‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°fpw _‘p-°fpamIs´ At±-lsØ
°pdn®p≈ At\zjWØnepw. Ah-km\w Cu Ip´n a°-bn-ep-
s≠∂v Adn-™t∏mƒ a°bnepsaØn, ]ns∂ Xncp\_n bpsS
ASp°emsW∂v a\-n-em-bt∏mƒ Xncp\_nbpsS kZn
epsaØn. AhnsS sN∂v ]d™p; ‘Aßv FX ]Ww thW-
sa-¶nepw Rßfn¬ \n∂v hmßns°m≈pI, RßfpsS aIs\
kzX¥\m°nbmepw, Ic™v Ic™v Chs‚ amXmhns‚
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
117
Ahÿ hfsc tamiambncn°p∂p.’ \_n(k) ]d™p; “Rm≥
Ahs\ t\c-sØ-Xs∂ kzX-¥-\m-°n-°-gn-™n-cn-°p∂p.
Ch≥ kzX¥\mWv. t]mIm≥ BKln°p∂psh¶n¬ t]m
Imhp∂XmWv. F\n°v ss]ksbm∂pw th≠.’ Ah¿ ]d
-™p. ‘tamt\ t]mImw’., aI≥ ]d-™p: “\nßsf ImWm≥
Ign™Xv Xs∂ [mcmfamWv. F-t∏m-sg-¶nepw Ah-kcw In´n-
bm¬ DΩ-tbbpw ImWmw. ]t£, F\n°v \nßtfmsSm∏w
hcm≥ km≤ya√. Rm≥ Ct∏mƒ Xncp\_n(-k)-bpsS ASn-a-bm-
bn-°-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Xncp\_nbn¬\n∂v th¿s∏- p-\n-¬°p∂
]iv\tabn√. amXm]nXm°tf°mfpw A[nIw kvt\lw F\n
°v Xncp\_ntbmSmWv.’ kbvZns‚ ]nXmhpw ]nXrhy\p-sams°
Hcp-]mSv \n¿_-‘n-s®-¶nepw kbvZv \nckn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-
Xv. kbvZns‚ Cu kvt\lw I≠t∏mƒ Xncp\_n(-k)]d
™p: “kbvZv t\ctØ Xs∂ kzX-¥-\m-Wv. F∂m¬, C∂p-
ap-X¬ Ch≥ Fs‚ aI-\m-Wv.’ Cub-hÿ I≠ kbvZns‚
]nXmhpw ]nXrhy\pw AhnsS \n∂v kztZitØ°v aSßn.
kbvZv F∂t∂°pambn AhnsS Xs∂ XßpIbpw sNbvXp.
(kwt£]w: Zo]mN X^vkodp¬ Jp¿B≥, t]Pv: 112)
]hm-N-IXzeœn-°p-tijw \_n(-k)bpsS Cu kzmX-¥y-
Øns‚ \nehmcw IqSp-X¬ ]‘mabam-bn. Xncp\_n(k)bpsS
k¬]IrXsØmsSm∏w Xncpta\n°v Cdßp∂ icoAØns‚
I¬∏\bpw ASnaIƒ°v AhcpsS Ah-Imiw \¬IWsa∂pw
AXn\p Ign-bp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Ahsc kzX¥cm°Wsa∂pam-bn-
cp∂p.
Hcp \nth-Z\-Øn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp kzlm_n Xs‚- ASn-
asb a¿±n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. \_n(k) AXv I≠-t∏mƒ hfsc
tZjys∏SpIbp≠mbn. AtX XpS¿∂v B kzlm_n ASnasb
kzX¥\m°ns°m≠v ]d™p; Rm≥ Abmsf kzX¥\m
°nbncn°p∂p. At∏mƒ \_n(-k) ]d™p; \o Ahs\ tamNn-
∏n-®ns-√-¶n¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ tIm]-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-
∂p. (kzlolv apkvenw.. InØm_p¬ Cuam≥, lZokv \º¿:
4308)
118 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
t\m°pI, CXmWv kzmX-¥yw. a‰v aX-°m¿°v Xß-fpsS
A`n-]mbw ]I-Sn-∏n-°m-\p-≈- AhImihpw kzm-X-¥yhpw
\¬Inb Hcp DZmlcWw ImWpI; Xs‚ `cWw aZo-\-bn¬
ÿm]n® ImeØv B kzmX-¥y-Øns‚ amXrI e`n-°p-∂p-≠v.
Hcp \nth-Z-\-Øn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. lZvdØv A_qlpd-
bvd(d) \nth-Z\w sNøp-∂p. c≠m-fp-Iƒ ]c-kv]cw Ie-ln-
°m≥ XpSßn. Hcm-ƒ apk¬am\pw at‰-bmƒ blq-Zn-bp-am-
bn-cp-∂p. apkvenw ]d-™p; ‘aplΩZv (k)sb apgp-tem-I-Øn-
\p-ambn Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v ti-jvT-X \_n°v \¬In-b
AkvXnXzsØs°m≠v kXyw!’ At∏mƒ blqZn ]d™p;
‘aqkm(-A)s\ apgp-tem-IØpw sh®v tijvTX \¬IpIbpw
Xncs™Sp°pIbpw sNbvX AkvXnXzsØs°m≠v kXyw!’ CXv tI´-t∏mƒ apk¬am≥ ssIbp-b¿Øn blq-Zn-bpsS Ic
W-Ø-Sn-®p. blqZn ]cm-Xn-bp-ambn \_n(-k)-bpsS k∂n-[n-
bn-se-Øn. \_n(-k) apk¬am-t\mSv hniZoIcWw tNmZn®p,
XpS¿∂v]d™p: ‘ ’ F\n°v aqkmsb°mƒ
tijvTX \evI-cp-Xv. (_pJmcn..InØm_p¬ JpkqamØv)
CXmbncp∂p Xncp\_n(k)bpsS kzmX¥yØnt‚bpw
aX, BhnjvImc kzmX¥yØnt‚bpw \nehmcw. kz¥w
`cWamWv, \_n(k) aZo\bn¬ lnPvdØn\p tijw aZo-\-
bnse tKmXßfpw blq-Zn-Ifpambn im¥nbptSbpw kam[m\
Ønt‚bpw A¥-co£w \ne-\ndpØp-∂-Xn\v Hcp DS-ºSn sNbvXp.
apkvenw-Iƒ `qcn-]-£-am-b-Xp-sIm≠pw apkvenwIf√mØh¿
apkvenwItfmsSm∏w IqSnbXpsIm≠pw `cWw \_n(-k)-
bpsS ssIbn-em-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, Cu `cWØns‚ A¿Yw
a‰v ]PIfptStbm AhcpsS BfpIfptStbm hnImcßsf
i≤n°mXncn°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂n-√. F√m \_n-am-sc-°mfpw
tijvT-\m-sW∂ hnip-≤-Jp¿-B\ns‚ km£y-ap-≠m-bn´pw
Xncp\_n \_namsc XmcXayw sNbvXv A¥co£w aen\
aIp∂Xv \_n(k) \v kln°m≥ Ignbpambncp∂n√. \_n(k)
blqZnbpsS hm°p tI´v apkvenans\ iImcn°pIbmWv sN
bvXXv, AXmbXv \n߃ \nßfpsS hg°pI-fn¬ \_n-amsc
hen-®n-g-°-cpXv. icnbmWv, \nß-fpsS ho£WØn¬ Rm≥
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
119
F√m \_n-am-tc-°mfpw tijvT-\m-Wv. A√m-lphpw AXn\v
km£yw hln®p-sIm≠ncn°p∂p. F∂m¬ \ΩpsS `c-W-
Øn¬, Hcp hy‡nbptSbpw a\v AbmfpsS ]hmNIs\
Bsc¶nepw Fs¥¶nepw ]d™XpsIm≠v hnjan°m≥ ]m
Sn-√. Rm≥ AXv A\phZn°p∂X√. Fs∂ BZ-cn-°p-∂-Xn-
\p-th≠n a‰p \_n-am-tcbpw \n߃ BZ-cn-t°-≠-Xmbn hcpw.
CXm-bn-cp∂p \_n(k)s‚ \oXn-bp-tSbpw Bhn-jv°m-c-kzm-
X-¥y-Øn-t‚bpw \ne. AXv kz¥-°m-tcbpw A\y-tcbpw ]
cnKWn°p∂Xn∂p th≠n \ne-\ndpØm\mWv Xncp\_n ]cn-
i-an-®-Xv. amXa√ Nne kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ A\y-cpsS hnIm-c-ßsf
IqSp-X¬ i≤n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.
am\pjnIaqey߃ ÿm]n°p∂Xn\pw
aXklnjvWpX°pw th≠nbp≈
Xncp\_n(k)s‚ \ncp]aamb I¿a amXrI
am\pjnIaqey߃ ÿm]n°p∂Xn\pw klnjvWpX°pap≈
Xncp\_n(k)s‚ as‰mcp DZmlcWw. A–p¿d-lvam≥ _n≥
A_o ebve(-d) \nthZ\w sNøp-∂p. kl¬_n≥ lp\bv^pw
Ibv^v _n≥ kAvZpw Imknb F∂ ÿe-Øn-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-
∂p. Ah-cpsS ASp-ØqsS Hcp P\mk IS∂p-t]m-bn. At∏mƒ
Ah¿ c≠p-t]cpw Fgp-t∂-‰p-\n-∂p. ZnΩn-I-fn¬s]´ (apkvenw
cmPyØn¬ bp≤°cw sImSpØv hkn°p∂ Aapkvenw) Hcm-
fpsS P\m-k-bm-Wn-sX∂v ]d-b-s∏-´-t∏mƒ Ah¿ ]d-™p: Hcn
-°¬ \_n(-k)-bpsS ASp°eqsS Hcp P\mk sIm≠p-t]m-b-
t∏mƒ Ahn-S∂v BZ-c]q¿hw Fgp-t∂-‰p-\n-¬°pIbp≠mbn.
AXv Hcp blq-Zn-bpsS P\m-k-bm-sW∂v ]d-b-s∏´-t∏mƒ \_n
(-k) ]d-™p: Ae-bv-kØv \^vk AsXmcp a\p-jy-\t√?
(kzlolv _pJmcn..InØm_p¬ P\mbnkv)
CXmWv a‰p aX-ßtfmSpw a\pjyXztØmSpap≈ BZ-cw.
CØcw BhnjvIcWhpw amXr-I-I-fp-amWv aXkln-jvWp-X-
bpsS A¥-co£w krjvSn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu BhnjvIcWØneqsS
X-s∂-bmWv ]c-kv]cw arZp-ehnImc߃ DSseSp°p-∂-Xv. Cu
hnIm-cßfmWv kvt\l-Øn-t‚bpw ]oXnbptSbpw im¥n-bp-
120 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
tSbpw A¥-co£w D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. A√msX AXv shdp-∏ns‚
A¥-co£w amXw D≠m°p∂ C∂sØ `uXn-I-hm-Zn-I-fpsS
]h¿Ø-\-߃ t]mse-b-√.
Hcp \nth-Z-\-Øn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Jbv_¿ hnP-bm-h-k-c-
Øn¬ Xudm-Øns‚ Nne tIm∏nIƒ apkvenw-Iƒ°v In´n. blq-
Zn-Iƒ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS k∂n-[n-bn¬ lmP-cm-bn XßfpsS
]cn-ip≤ KŸw Xncn-®p-X-cWsa∂v Bh-iy-s∏-´p. \_n(-k)
blqZnIfppsS aX-KŸw Ah¿°v Xncn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ Iev]n-
®p. (kodØp¬ l¬_nø, ‘mKw: 3, t]Pv: 49)
blq-Z-nIfpsS sX‰mb \ne]mSpIƒ ImcWw Ah¿°v in£
e`n-°ptºmƒ t]mepw AhcpsS aX-hn-Im-cw hW-s∏-Sp-∂
XcØn¬ s]cpamdp∂Xv \_n(k) kln®n-cp-∂n√.
Nne H‰-s∏´ -kw-` -h-ß-fmWv Rm≥ hnhcn®-Xv. aZo-\-bn
¬ D≠m-°nb Nne DS-º-Snsb kw_-‘n®v Rm≥ ]cma¿in
®ncp∂p. \ap°v e`yamb \nthZ\ßf\pkcn®v B DS-º-Sn-°v
hnt[bambn \_n (k) \S∏m°nb C\ßsf-°p-dn®v AXm-b-Xv,
Fß-s\-bmWv B kaqlØn¬ klnjvWpXbpsS A¥co£w
D≠m°m≥ ian°pIbpw kam[m\w ÿm]n°m\pw
a\pjyXzØns‚ alXzw \ne\n¿Øp∂Xn\pw F¥mWv
BKln®sX∂pw Rm≥ ]d-bmw.
Xncp\_n(k) aZo-\-bn-se-Øn-b- DS≥Xs∂ blq-Zn-I-fp-ambn
D≠m°nb DS-ºSnbnse Nne \n_-‘-\-Iƒ C-]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-
∂p.
1. “apkvenw-Ifpw blq-Zn-Ifpw ]c-kv]cw A\p-I-º-tbmSpw
Bflm¿Y-X-tbm-Spw-IqSn Ignbp-∂-Xm-Wv. Hcp-hn`mKw at‰-
hn`mKØns\Xnsc AXn-I-a-hpw- tZmlhpw sNøp∂X√. (]
t£ Ft∏mgpw Cu DS-ºSn blq-Zn-I-ƒ ewLn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-
∂p. F∂n´pw \_n(k) HuZmcy]q¿hamWv s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp-
∂-Xv. FXtØmfsa∂m¬ aq¿[\ym-h-ÿbnse-Øn-b-t∏mƒ,
\n¿_‘nXmhÿbn¬ blqZnIƒs°Xnsc i‡amb \S]
SnsbSpt°≠n h∂p.)
2. c≠m-asØ \n_-‘\ F√m kaql߃°pw aXkzm-
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
121
X¥yw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. (apkvenw-Iƒ `qcn-]-£-
am-bncp∂n´pw \n߃ \nß-fpsS aX-Im-cy-Øn¬ kzX-¥-cm-Wv.)
3. aq∂m-asØ \n_-‘\ F√m ]PIfptSbpw Poh\pw
kzØpw kpc-£n-X-am-bn-cn-°p-w, Ahsb am\n-°p-∂-XmWv; GsX
¶nepw hy‡n AIatam Ip‰tam- sNbvXmsem-gnsI. (C°m
cyØnepw hyXncn‡X D≠mhn√. Ip‰w apkvenw sNbvXmepw
Aapkvenw sNbvXmepw in£ e`n°p∂XmWv. a‰v kwc£
W߃ F√mhcptSbpw tPmenbmWv, k¿°mdns‚ ISabmWv.)
4. “F√m A`n-]m-b-`n-∂-X-Ifpw X¿°-ßfpw \_n(-k)
Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS apºn¬ Xo¿∏n\pth≠n ka¿∏n-t°-≠-Xm-
Wv. F√m hn[n-Ifpw ssZhnI-I¬]-\-b-\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cn-°pw.” (ssZhnI-I¬]-\ F∂-Xns‚ \n¿h-N\w Hmtcm P\-X°pw
AhcpsS \ymb-]-am-W-a-\p-k-cn-®v F∂-Xm-Wv. GXmbmepw
hn[n-°mbn \_n(-k)-bpsS apºn¬ ka¿∏n-°-Ww. ImcWw
A°m-esØ `c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ D∂-Xm-[n-Imcn Xncp\_n-bn-cp-
∂p. AXpsIm≠v hn[n ]dtb≠Xv \_n(k)ambncp∂p. ]t£
hn[n \ymb]amWa\pkcn®mbncn°pw. (blq-Zn-I-ƒ°p≈
hn[nIƒ Ah-cpsS \ymb-]-am-W-a-\p-k-cn-®mWv D≠mbt∏mƒ
AXv AIaamsW∂v ]d™v C∂v InkvXym-\n-Ifpw a‰v FXn-
cm-fn-Ifpw Bt£-]ap∂bn°p∂p. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ AXv Ah¿
]d™X\pkcn®v Ah-cpsS \n_‘\Iƒ ]Imcambncp∂p.)-
as‰mcp \n_-‘\, Hcp hn`mKhpw Xncp\_n(-k)bpsS A\p-
hm-Z-an-√msX bp≤-Øn\v CdßcpXv F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. ImcWw
Hcp `c-W-Iq-S-Øn\p Iogn¬ \nev°p-tºmƒ B `c-W-Iq-SsØ
A\p-kcn-t°-≠Xv \n¿_-‘-am-Wv. (Cu \n_-‘\ C°m-esØ
PnlmZo kwL-S\Iƒ°pw hgn-Im-´n-bm-Wv AXmbXv GsXmcp
‘c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ Iogn-emtWm Pohn°p-∂Xv AXns‚ A\p-
hmZan√msX Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep≈ PnlmZpw sNø≥ ]mSn-√; k¿°m-
cns‚ ssk\y-Øn¬ tNcp-I-bpw, ]ns∂ k¿°mtcm cm„tam
bp≤w sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXm-sem-gn-sI.)
]ns∂ Hcp \n_-‘\, apkvenw-Iƒt°m blq-Zn-Iƒt°m
FXnsc GsX-¶nepw P\X bp≤w sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿
122 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
]c-kv]cw klm-bn-°m≥ Xøm-dm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. (AXm-bXv
Ccphn`mKßfn¬ Hcp hn`mKØns\Xnsc bp≤ap≠mbm¬ at‰
hn`mKw Ahsc klm-bnt°≠Xm-Wv. iXphpambn k‘n
sNøp∂ kmlNcyØn¬ apkvenwIƒ°pw AapkvenwIƒ°pw
k‘nbnemIptºmƒ Fs¥-¶nepw ew In´n-bm¬, ]tbmP\w
e`n®m¬ AXv c≠p-Iq-´cpw hoXns®Sp°p-∂-Xm-Wv.)
AtXt]mseØs∂ aZo-\-bp-sS-ta¬ BI-a-W-ap-≠m-bm¬,
F√m-hcpw H∂ptN¿∂v t\cnSWw.
as‰mcp \n_‘\, a°-bnse Jpd-bvin-Iƒt°m AhcpsS
klmbnIƒt°m blqZnIfpsS `mKØp\n∂v Hcp-X-c-Øn-ep
≈ klm-btam A`-btam \¬Im≥ ]mSn-√ F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p.
(ImcWw a°bnse FXn-cm-fn-Iƒ Xs∂-bmWv apkvenw-Isf
AhnsS \n∂v ]pd-Øm-°n-b-Xv. Aßs\ apkvenw-Iƒ ChnsS
h∂v A‘bw tXSnbXmWv. AXp-sIm≠v C\n Cu `cW
IqSØn\p Iogn¬ Ignbp∂h¿ B iXp-k-aq-l-hp-ambn Hcp-X-
c-Øn-ep≈ DSºSnbpw sNøm≥ ]mSn√, Hcp klmbhpw kzo
Icn°m\pw ]mSn-√.)
Htcm hn`mKhpw XßfpsS sNehpIƒ kzbw hlnt°≠XmWv.
(AXmbXv, AhchcpsS sNehpIƒ kzbw sNtø≠XmWv.)
Cu \n_‘\ ImcWw AIantbm Ip‰°mct\m Ipg∏°m
ct\m Bb hy‡n in£n°s∏Sp∂Xn¬ \nt∂m ]Icw tNm
Zn°s∏Sp∂Xn¬ \nt∂m kwc£n°s∏SpIbn√.GXmbm
epw Abmƒ in£n°s∏Sp∂Xpw ]nSn°s∏Sp∂XpamWv.
amXa√ Abmƒ apkventam blqZntbm at‰m BsW∂ hy
Xncn‡Xbpw I¬∏n°s∏Sp∂X√.) (kwt£]w: kodØv
JmØap∂_nøo≥, t]Pv: 279)
Cu aX-k-ln-jvWp-Xbpw kzmX¥yhpw \ne-\n-dp-Øp-∂-Xn-
\p th≠n \_n(k) \Pvdm-\nse kwL-Øn\v akvPnZv \_vhn-
bn¬ Bcm-[\ \S-Øm≥ A\p-hmZw \¬In. Ah¿ Ing-t°m´p
apJw Xncn®v Bcm-[\ \S-Øn. kzlm-_m°ƒ [cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv
Aßs\ sNøm≥ ]mSn√ F∂mbncp∂p. \_n(k) ]d™p;
Hcp ]iv\hpw C√.
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
123
\Pvdm≥ hmknIƒ°v Xncp\_n(k) \¬Inb A`b]
XsØ°pdn®pw ]cma¿iw e‘n-°p-∂p-≠v. apkvenw ssk\yw
aptJ\ InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS (\Pvdm\n¬ \n∂v h∂) AXn
¿ØnIƒ kwc-£n°p∂XmsW∂ DØchmZnXzw Gs‰Sp-°p-
Ibp≠mbn. Ah-cpsS ]≈n-Ifpw Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ßfpw kX-
ßfpw AXv FX Zqc-ÿ-e-Øm-sW-¶nepw ]´-Wß-fn-tem
]¿∆-X-ß-fn-tem h\-ß-fn-tem Fhn-sS-bm-sW-¶nepw AXns‚
kwc-£Ww apkvenw-IfpsS _m[yXbmWv. Ah¿°v Ah-
cpsS aX-a-\p-k-cn®v Bcm-[-n-°m≥ A\p-hm-Z-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
AhcpsS Cu Bcm[\mkzmX¥yw kwc£nt°≠Xpw apkv
enwIfpsS ISabmWv. \_n(k) ]d™p; Ct∏mƒ Ch¿ apkv
enw `c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ ]P-I-fm-bXp-sIm≠v, Xs‚ ]PIƒ
Bbncn°p∂XpsIm≠v Ah-cpsS kwc-£Ww i≤nt°≠Xpw
X\n°v \n¿_-‘-am-Wv.
AXp-t]mse apkvenw-Iƒ Ahsc (AXm-bXv InkvXym-
\n-Isf) Ah-¿°v Xm¬]cyan√msX bp≤-\-S-]-Sn-I-fn¬ `mK
`m°m°cpXv. Ah-cpsS ]mXncn, aX-t\-Xmhv GXv Ahÿ
bnepw ÿm\ØpamsW¶nepw AhnsS \n∂v ÿm\-`-jvT-
\m-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ Ah-¿°v XßfpsS ]
h¿Ø\w XpScm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah-cpsS Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fn¬
ssII-S-Ø-p-∂X√. AsXm-cn-°epw kz¥w D]tbmKØn¬
sIm≠phcp∂X√. AXv kX-am-°p-Itbm Bscsb¶nepw ]m
¿∏n°pItbm AhcpsS A\phmZw IqSmsX as‰-s¥-¶nepw
Imcy-Øn\v hn\n-tbm-Kn-°pItbm sNøp∂X-√.
aX-]-fin-X-∑m-cn¬\n∂v Ictam Pnkvbtbm hmßp∂X-√.
GsX-¶nepw apkven-ans‚ `mcy InkvXym-\n-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah
ƒ°v Xt‚Xmb coXnbn¬ Bcm[\ A\pjvTn°m≥ ]cn-
]q¿W- kzmX-¥y-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Ahƒ°v kwib߃
tNmZn-°m≥ ]mXn-cn-bpsS ASpØv t]mImhp-∂XmWv. Inkv
Xy≥ ]≈n-Ifpw a‰pw \∂m°m≥ apkvenw-I-fn¬\n∂v kmºØn
Itam [m¿anItam Bb klmbw tXSn-bm¬ apkvenw-Iƒ
klmbnt°≠-Xm-Wv. AXv IStam HuZm-cytam Bbncn°pI-
bn-√. adn®v Cu DSºSnsb \∂m°m\pw Aßs\ kmaqlnI
124 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
_‘hpw ]ckv]c klIcWhpw AXv \nanØamIp∂XmWv.
(kwt£]w: kmZp¬ aBZv)
CXm-bn-cp∂p aX-kzm-X-¥yhpw kln-jvWp-Xbpw ÿm]n
°p∂Xn\p≈ Xncp\_n(k)bpsS am\ZWvUw. F∂n´pw \_n
(k)sb°pdn®v, AIaw sNbvXpsh∂pw hmfns‚ _eØnemWv
Ckvemw ]Ncn∏n®sX∂pw Bt£]n°p∂Xv Atß-b‰w
AI-aam-Wv.
lZvdØv akolv auDu-Z-v(-A) ]d-bp-∂p:
“KŸm-\p-km-cn-Ifpw Atd-_y-bnse _lpssZh-h-nizm-kn-
Ifpw Atß-b‰w Zp¿hr-Ø-cm-bn-Øocp-Ibpw Xn∑ sNbvXp-sIm-
≠v X߃ \∑- sNbvXpsh∂v [cn°p-Ibpw Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fn¬\n
∂v ]n∑m-dm-Xn-cn°pIbpw s]mXpkam[m\w wKs∏SpØpIbpw
sNbvX-t∏mƒ A√m-lp, Xs‚ \_n-(k)bpsS ssIbn¬ `c-W-
Øns‚ ISn™m¨ \¬Ins°m≠v Ah-cpsS ssIIfn¬\n
∂v ]mh-s∏-´-hsc c£n-°m≥ BK-ln-®p. Atd-_y≥ cmPyw
Ac£nXambncp∂p. Ah¿ Hcp cmPm-hn-t‚bpw Iogn-em-bn-cp-
∂n√. AXp-sIm≠v Hmtcm hn`mKhpw Atßb‰w A\nb¥n
Xambpw Xt‚-S-tØmSpw Pohn®p-t]m-∂p.” (BcptSbpw Iogne
√mØXp sIm≠v Hcp \nb-a-hp-ap-≠m-bncp∂n-√.) “Ah¿°v
bmsXmcp in£m\nbahpap≠mbncp∂n√. AXp-sIm≠v Ah¿
A\pZn\w Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fn¬ aptºm v Kan®psIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Aß
s\ A√mlp B cmPy-Øn-\p-ta¬ IcpW sNmcn™p sIm≠v
…. Xncp\_n(-k)sb B cmPy-Øn\pth≠n dkq-em°n Ab®p,
amX-a√ B cmPy-Øns‚ cmPm-hp-am-°n. IqSmsX hnip-≤-Jp¿-
Bs\ \nbasa∂ \ne°v ]cn-]q¿W-am-°n. AXn¬ knhn¬,
Inan-\¬, ss^\m≥jy¬ XpSßn F√m am¿KZ¿i\ßfpap≠v.
Npcp°Øn¬ \_n(-k) Hcp cmPm-sh∂ \ne-bn¬ F√m I-£n-
Iƒ°pw hn[n-I¿Øm-hm-bn-cp-∂p. F√m aX-ß-fp-tSbpw Bfp-Iƒ
XßfpsS tIkp-Iƒ \_n-k)¬ \n∂mWv hn[nbm°n-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
hnip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ \n∂v sXfnbp∂Xv, Hcn-°¬ Hcp apk
¬amt‚bpw Hcp blq-ZnbpsSbpw tIkv Xncp\_n(k)bpsS
tImSXnbnseØn. \_n(k) At\z-j-W-Øn-\p-tijw blqZn
Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw
ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
125
icnbmsW∂pw apkven-an-s∂-Xn-cn¬ AbmfpsS hmZØn\\p
Iqeambn hn[n°pIbpw sNbvXp.” (CtX°pdn®v Rm≥ ]
d™p Ign™XmWv.) “F∂m¬, Nne A⁄-cmb FXn-cm-fn-
Iƒ hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ Nn¥n®p ]mcm-bWw sNøp-∂n-√. Ah¿
F√m kµ¿`ßtfbpw \_n(k)-bpsS ]hm-N-I-Xz-Øn\p
Iogn-¬ sIm≠p-h-cp∂p. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ AØcw in£-Iƒ
Jnem^Øv AXmbXv cmPmsh∂ \ne°mWv \¬In-bn-cp-∂Xv.” (AXm-bXv AXv `c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ I¿Øhyambn-cp-∂p.)
“_\o Ckvdm-bo-en¬ aqkm \_n-°p-ijw \_nbpw cmjvSo
bmSnÿm\Øn¬ kam[m\w ÿm]n®ncp∂ cmPmhpw sht∆-sd-
bm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ \_n(k) -bpsS ImeØv Cu c≠v ÿm\
hpw A√mlp B almXvamhn\v” (\_n-(k)) “Xs∂ \¬In.
ÿncw Ip‰hmfnIsf am‰n \n¿Øn a‰p BfpItfmSp≠mbncp∂
s]cpam‰sØ°pdn®v Xmsgt®¿°p∂ BbØn¬ \n∂v hy
‡amIp∂p≠v. BbØv Cßs\bmWv:
A√tbm ]hmNItc, KŸw \evI-s∏- -h-tcmSpw Atd_ybnse
hnhctZmjnItfmSpw ]dbpI; \n߃ Ckvemw Zo\n¬ ]
thin°p∂pt≠m, Ckvemw kzoIcn®m¬ k∑m¿Kw ]m]n-®p.
AX√ apJw Xncn°pIbmsW¶n¬ ssZhIev]\ FØn°pI
F∂Xp amX-amWv \n\-°p≈ _m[y-X.
Cu BbØn¬ Ah-tcmSv bp≤w sNøpIbmWv \ns‚ tPm
ensb∂v Fgp-Xn-bn-´n-√. apkvenwIsf sIm√pIbpw s]mXp
kam[m\w `wKs∏SpØpIbpw tamjWØnepw sIm≈bnepw
hym]rXcmhpIbpw sNbvXncp∂ Ip‰hmfnItfmSv amXamWv
bp≤w sNbvXncp∂Xv. Cu bp≤w Hcp cmPmhv F∂ \ne-°m-
bn-cp-∂p. \_n F∂ \ne-bn-em-bn-cp-∂n-√.” (AXm-b-Xv, `c-W-
Iq-S-Ønse D∂-Xm-[n-Imcnbm-b-Xp-sIm-≠mWv bp≤w sNbvX-Xv.
\_nbmb-Xp-sIm-≠-√.) “A√mlp ]d-bp-∂p:
\nß-tfmSv bp≤w sNøp-∂-h-cp-ambn A√mlp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬
126 Xncp\_n(k)bpsS A\pKrloX amXrIbpw ImÀ«qWpIfpsS bmYmÀYyhpw
\nßfpw bp≤w sNøp-I. AXmbXv a‰p≈hcn¬ \n∂v h√Xpw
]Xo£n°pItbm AXn-Iaw ]h¿Øn-°-p-Itbm sNøcpXv.
A√mlp AXn-I-an-Isf C„-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√-X-s∂.” (Nivasb
aAvcn^Øv, dqlm\n Jkmbn≥ `mKw: 23, t]Pv: 242,243)
]cn-ip-≤-\-_n-(k)\v Cu icoAØv Cd-ßn-bncns°, Fß-
s\-bmWv B almXva≥ X\n°ndßnb hn[nhne°pIfpsS
ImcyØn¬ AXnIaw sNøpI. \_n(-k) a°m hnP-b-Øns‚
Ah-k-c-Øn¬, apkven-am-sb-¶n¬ am∏v \¬Imsa∂ \n_‘\
sbm∂pw sh°msX F√m-h¿°pw s]mXp-am∏v ]Jym]n®p.
AXns‚ Hcp amXrI \mw I≠v Ign™p. AXns‚ hyXykvX
cq]ßfpap≠mbncp∂p. ]t£ AXn¬ Ckvemw kzoIcns®¶n¬
amXta am∏v e`n°q F∂n√mbncp∂p. hyXykvX ÿeßfn¬
t]mhpIbpw ]thin°pIbpw NnecpsS sImSn°p Iogn¬
hcpIbpw IA_bn¬ ]thin°pIbpw NnecpsS hoSpIfn¬
t]mhpIbpw sNbvX ImcWØm¬ am∏v sImSp°pIbp≠mbn.
Cu D∂Xamb amXrI as‰mcnSØpw \ap°v ImWm≥ km
≤ya√. kºq¿Wamb \nebn¬ hnfw_cs∏SpØns°m≠v ]
d-™p: em XYvco_ Ae-bv°p-ap¬buw. t]mhp-I. C∂v \n
ß-fp-sS-ta¬ bmsXmcp Btcm]Whpan√.
D∂Xamb amXrI ÿm]n°pIbpw \ap°v AXns‚ ]mT߃
\¬IpIbpw sNbvX Xncp\_n-(k)°v-ta¬ Bbn-tcm]nBbncw
kemapw kzemØpw h¿jn°pamdm-I-s´. A√mlp AX\pk
cn®v ]h¿Øn°m≥ \ap°v ku`mKyw \evIp-am-dm-I-s´.