[email protected] ENGR-22_Lec-24_3D_Fundamentals-2.ppt 1 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical

[email protected] • ENGR-22_Lec-24_3D_Fundamentals-2.ppt1

Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics

Bruce Mayer, PELicensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer

[email protected]

Engineering 22

AutoCAD AutoCAD 3D3D

FundamentaFundamentalsls



Learning GoalsLearning Goals

Draw Right Hand Coord System Distinguish between ACAD World

CoOrd System (WCS) and User CoOrd Systems (UCS)

In ACAD Create and Save and UCS’s Use UCS, elev, and thickness to draw

“Extruded” Shapes Use ACAD ViewPorts to Show

Orthographic Views from a 3D View



AutoCAD CoOrdinate SystemsAutoCAD CoOrdinate Systems

AutoCAD system maintains a 3D database

World Coordinate System X,Y as top (plan) view (civil engineering) Z axis vertical User Coordinate System (UCS) may be

aligned with features (name and save) Icon shows current coordinate system



RIGHT Hand CoOrd SystemsRIGHT Hand CoOrd Systems

The CoOrd TriAd is Defined by Your RIGHT Hand → Rt-Hand Rule



Right-Hand RuleRight-Hand Rule Thumb points in the positive x direction Index finger points in

the positive y direction Middle finger points in

the positive z direction Used to define positive rotation

• Point thumb in the positive direction along the axis which is perpendicular to the plane of rotation

• The fingers point in the direction of positive rotation



World Coordinate SystemWorld Coordinate System

The Default 3D Coord Base System is the World

Coordinate System, or WCS The Orientation of the

WCS relative to the Default Screen

We Can find the WCS Icon in the Lower Left



WCSWCS

Note that the “Z” Axis for the WCS comes OUT of the Screen

Looking “Straight Down” on the Z-axis gives us the familiar “Plan View” 2D Orthographic Drawing System

World Co-ordinate System Set to Origin - Origin is OFF screen

World Co-ordinate System Set to Origin - Icon displayed AT origin



View PointView Point

Can Change the “Point of View”, or Viewpoint, for the Object in 3 Ways

• WCS View Point



Changing ViewPointsChanging ViewPoints

By PullDown

Menu



The “SW” IsoMetricThe “SW” IsoMetric



ViewView Command Command• view brings up

ViewPoint Dialog Box



The ViewPoint ToolBarThe ViewPoint ToolBar Can Also Change

ViewPoint with The “View” ToolBar

To RETURN to PLAN View in the WCS Use the PullDown Menu



Local (User) Coord SystemsLocal (User) Coord Systems

The WCS can be MODIFIED to fit the needs of the USER For Drawing in Orientations OTHER than the Plan View

Modify the WCS to a UCS:• Define new origin (with existing axes)

• Rotate existing Coordinate System about X, Y, or Z Axis

• Define new origin and axes (3-Point option)

• NAME and SAVE the UCS



User (Local) CoOrd SystemsUser (Local) CoOrd SystemsWCS → (1,4,-3)UCS → (3, 3.5, 0)

UCS

WCS

(1,4,-0)

+

+

(4,1,-3)

(4,1,0)



Making a UCS by Command LnMaking a UCS by Command Ln Specify an Origin UCS /New

• /orthoGraphic (specify the origin relative to the current coordinate system)

Reorient the axes UCS /New• /Zaxis (choose the direction

of the Z axis)• /3point (choose the origin and the positive X and Y

direction)• /Z (specify the angle of rotation about the Z axis)

Save and Restore the UCS• UCS /Save and UCS /Restore



Example → Make a UCSExample → Make a UCS Make a UCS Called

“slant” using the CoOrd from 2-Slides Back

Know origin and pts in WCS space• Start w/ WCS

• Use UCS → NEW → 3Point Commands

Set Points to Define X & Y Axes

Invoke UCS/3p to Set Origin to (4,1,0)



Result → Make a UCSResult → Make a UCS View from WCS

Plan View Invoke UCS/3p to

Set Origin to (4,1,0)

x-Axis INTO Paper



Save and Use New UCSSave and Use New UCS Give the New UCS a

NAME with the Save command

Command: ucsCurrent ucs name: *NO NAME*Enter an option [New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/Apply/?/World] <World>: sEnter name to save current UCS or [?]: slant

Change to Plan View for UCS



Plan View in “slant” UCSPlan View in “slant” UCS Plumbing Fitting Shows Up as Edge

View → Not too interesting Lets Make “twist” UCS by

ROTATING the WCS



Command History for twistCommand History for twistCommand: ucsCurrent ucs name: *WORLD*Enter an option [New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/Apply/?/World] <World>: nSpecify origin of new UCS or [ZAxis/3point/OBject/Face/View/X/Y/Z] <0,0,0>: xSpecify rotation angle about X axis <90>: 41Command: UCSCurrent ucs name: *NO NAME*Enter an option [New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/Apply/?/World] <World>: nSpecify origin of new UCS or [ZAxis/3point/OBject/Face/View/X/Y/Z] <0,0,0>: ySpecify rotation angle about Y axis <90>: 67Command: ucsCurrent ucs name: *NO NAME*Enter an option [New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/Apply/?/World] <World>: nSpecify origin of new UCS or [ZAxis/3point/OBject/Face/View/X/Y/Z] <0,0,0>: zSpecify rotation angle about Z axis <90>: 13Command: ucsCurrent ucs name: *NO NAME*Enter an option [New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/Apply/?/World] <World>: sEnter name to save current UCS or [?]: twist



Draw Heptagon in twist UCSDraw Heptagon in twist UCS Put Dwg-Space into

Plan View for twist Draw a Heptagon in

twist-space



Drawing in UCSDrawing in UCS Can ONLY Draw in

the CURRENT UCS• WCS Current →

PLAN View

To Change UCS Use the Dialog Box Invoked by PullDown• Tools → Named UCS



Elev and ThicknessElev and Thickness

300

high

The Elev Command Can Be used to “Extrude” Basic Shapes

Demonstrate by Constructing the Object at Left



EX14-14 → 1EX14-14 → 1 Start new Dwg using

acadiso.dwt Locate and draw the

50x50 “bases” for the “towers”

Change to SE Isometric view

Construct the Tower Using• Elev

• Thickness

• line



EX14-14 → 3EX14-14 → 3Command: _-view Enter an option [?/Categorize/lAyer state/Orthographic/Delete/Restore/Save/Ucs/Window]: _seiso Regenerating model.

Command: elevSpecify new default elevation <0.0000>:

Specify new default thickness <0.0000>: 300

Command: lLINE Specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c

Command:LINE Specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c

Command: zZOOMSpecify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: eRegenerating model.



EX14-14 → 4EX14-14 → 4 Move UCS to Top

Corner by Picking Point w/ Mouse

Enter an option [New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/Apply/?/World] <World>: n

Specify origin of new UCS or [ZAxis/3point/OBject/Face/View/X/Y/Z] <0,0,0>:

Draw CrossBar using• Osnap

• Elev

• Thickness



EX14-14 → 5EX14-14 → 5

Commands to Construct CrossBarCommand: zZOOMSpecify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: w

Specify first corner: Specify opposite corner:Command: elevSpecify new default elevation <0.0000>:

Specify new default thickness <300.0000>: 50

Command: lLINE Specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c



EX14-14 → 6EX14-14 → 6 Move and Rotate

UCS so that the • XY plane Resides on

the inside of the 1st tower

• Z-axis extend toward 2nd Tower

The Command History (pts Picked)

Command: ucs

Current ucs name: *NO NAME*Enter an option [New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/Apply/?/World] <World>: n

Specify origin of new UCS or [ZAxis/3point/OBject/Face/View/X/Y/Z] <0,0,0>: 3p

Specify new origin point <0,0,0>:Specify point on positive portion of X-axis <1.0000,50.0000,0.0000>:Specify point on positive-Y portion of the UCS XY plane <0.0000,51.0000,0.0000>:



EX14-14 → 7EX14-14 → 7 Use xline and offset

to Locate Cyl Ctr

Draw Connecting Cylinder using • elev → 0

• Thickness → 110

• Circle → Ø50



EX14-14 → 8EX14-14 → 8

Expand Limits, zoom → 1 to fit



EX14-14 → 9EX14-14 → 9

Commands to Construct OrthoViewPortsCommand: limitsReset Model space limits:Specify lower left corner or [ON/OFF] <0.0000,0.0000>:Specify upper right corner <210.0000,330.0000>: 210,360Command: zZOOMSpecify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: 1Command: zZOOMSpecify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: 1Command: -viewEnter an option [?/Categorize/lAyer state/Orthographic/Delete/Restore/Save/Ucs/Window]: oEnter an option [Top/Bottom/Front/BAck/Left/Right]<Top>: rRegenerating model.Command: zZOOMSpecify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: 1



All Done for TodayAll Done for Today

The AMEand

Bonus Tol.

3D Orbit Command



Bruce Mayer, PELicensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer

[email protected]

Engr/Math/Physics 25

AppendiAppendixx

6972 23 xxxxf



Rotate Axis OnScreenRotate Axis OnScreen



EX14-5EX14-5



EX14-5 → zoom → 1EX14-5 → zoom → 1



EX14-5EX14-5

Documents

[email protected] ENGR-22_Lec-24_3D_Fundamentals-2.ppt 1 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical