Blueprint for a Cooperative Decade (EN) / Plan para una Década Cooperativa / Kooperatiba Hamarkada baterako Plana

7/29/2019 Blueprint for a Cooperative Decade (EN) / Plan para una Dcada Cooperativa / Kooperatiba Hamarkada baterako

1/44

InternatIonal Co-operatIve allIanCe

BlueprInt or

a Co-operatIveDeCaDeJanuary 2013


2/44

BlueprInt ora Co-operatIveDeCaDeti p b wi d gidc pig W G Ii C-i

aic b Ci Mi d Wi Di, C M d em-wd Bi, uii oxd.

the MeMBers o the plannInG Work Group are:

Dame Pauline Green

Chair President, InternationalCo-operative Alliance

Stphane Bertrand

Desjardins (Canada)

Mark Craig

Co-operative Group (UK)

Nelson KuriaCIC Insurance Group (Kenya)

Zhang Wangshu

All China Federation of Supply andMarketing Co-operatives (China)


3/44

ClI MIllsCi Mi i cii i w d

gc c-i, m dmmbi-bd gii. h

wi cii mb uk dig c-i i cii, d

wd xi i dm w

c-i d m md bicic. h d igic i dm c-i w i uk.

a w big si rc aci wi

oxd C M d em-wd Bi, Ci i pici aci wi

M, d c wi Cic sicillp d Cbb llp.

Dr WIll DavIesWi i ai p, C

Idicii Mdgi, uii Wwic. hi c i i cmic cigd iic cm. h d

mb ic mim, icdigriig im (Dm, 2009), Bigig

Mim Bc i Bi (pic nw,2010) d a o Bi (em

owi acii, 2012). h cibg mdi d ic db b

wi d mim, d wi t ici tim, t nw sm,

pc, BBC d t nw l riw.

Wi w acdmic Dic C

M d em-wd Bi ismb 2012. D r ym w d i

d id i cmi iBi.

ContentsIntroDuCtIon........................................ 01

purpose o thIsDoCuMent........................................ 03

suMMary o theBlueprInt strateGy........................................ 04

Chapter 1picii.....................07

Chapter 2sibii....................13

Chapter 3Idi ............................ 19

Chapter 4

lg mw ............. 25

Chapter 5Ci ............................. 31

ConClusIon........................................ 35

reerenCes........................................ 39

stateMent on theCo-operatIve IDentIty........................................ 41


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1 |

IntroDuCtIon


5/44

IntroDuCtIon | 2

In 2009, the General Assemblyo the United Nationsproclaimed 2012 to be the

United Nations InternationalYear o Co-operatives1.

a im i cd

2012, wig ci bc m dd cmi

wd mi i cii m wic i i

xi, d digcmi big imdd i

i i MiimDm G. I m

i, gm i, cig i ci d

bic dig, ig cii

m b cmicmi. I , iqici ic cmicw i iig dmic

wi cqi ci imc.a g mm gb

w m W e m b, b i i i

w iic iii b md c wi

gwig ci , cmic

gi d ici.

I mid i ci

d ig, c-ic id m d

ci dici ciid wd. uiq

mg md i,c-i big cmic

c d dmcic

c. t c-i mdi cmmci ci d

ci w dig bi

cc wid

g m d, im

i d i dcii-mig. I i c wicw m, d

g c. t c-ic i wdwid, idig

mii jb d gb.C-i d idiid

icii, c bid -cdc d iic, d

c ci ci. C-i

iii c g-mci; g-ig,

ib d cc.

ti i iic mm i c-i

c. Wi iic iiii m i ggig

k wi id cgigwd, i i i ciizbcm icig c,

iig d c-i id c iib ci

d im cg wc wd cmmi. r

gm i c-i kd g

i d i 2012. B i

ccd ci x w, mm wi b .

B 2020, wi

icd, ig g

wi did, d

gb wmig wi b ig m

q imc d i.

B 2020, w d b b

k bck 2012 ig

ig i c-i

id, d cibi ii mkig ci,

w-big d i.

2012 InternatIonal year o Co-operatIves

C-i mid ii cmmi i i ib b cmic ibii d ci

ibii. Ban Ki-moon, UN Secretary General

The United Nations goals or the International Year o

Co-operatives are to: Increasepublicawarenessaboutco-operativesandtheir

cibi ci-cmic dm d

cim Miim Dm G.

Promotetheformationandgrowthofco-operatives.

Encouragegovernmentstoestablishpolicies,lawsand

gi cdci mi, gw d bii

c-i.

Co-operativeshave1 billion members d wdWorldwatch Institute, Vital Signs publication, 22/2/2012

InIndiatheconsumerneedsof67% o rural households cd b c-iILO (2011) Co-operatives for people centred rural agriculture

40%ofAfricanhouseholdsbelongtoaco-operative

300largestco-operativeshadacombinedannualturn-overof

$2 ii i 2010

World Co-operative Monitor: Exploring the Co-operativeEconomy 2012

gm i c-i d g


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3 | IntroDuCtIon

t ii Gamb i uid

ni Ii y C-i mk

bgiig wd-widcmig k c-i

w dig bi w

. t mbii i iBi - 2020 vii -i c-i m

bi b 2020 bcm:

Theacknowledgedleaderi cmic, ci dim ibii

Themodelpreferredbypeople Thefastestgrowingformof

i

t 2020 vii k bid cim

Ii y C-id iic dmd

b c-i mm

ic g ci c.B ig g id

i i Bi, w im mk2011-2020 C-i Dcd

cd gw.

t Ii y C-i idd

w c i c.I igd i

d , id b

g ciii d cbi Ii y, b mb ii

cc d mmi dd wd wi gd

cm dci2, w

wid-d k- 2012 Ii y gb c-i d

wd. I id c-i bd imi

c i, i cii ci

d mg gm di-gm bdi.

t igiccim, b d

b i cx dmi mgig d

ik iic,cii d cmi

b 3. sm m cci Gb td :

Environmentaldegradation

d c di

Anunstablenancialsector Increasinginequality Agrowingglobalgovernance

g Aseeminglydisenfranchised

g gi Alossoftrustinpoliticaland

cmic gii

C-i d mk igic cibi wd

iig iggb bm. B, wii d g

ddig d cgii, cd cib mc

m. W bi mj iii mk

m w c-i m i,

id wi dbck- bi, d d

d ib c-i,

d m bi g ii w

hc idcm i d

Bi C-iDcd, d id c

dici cmig .t cg w i

ICa, i bdi, cg, c-i cii

d idiid mmb k i Bi wd i

immi.

purpose o thIsDoCuMentThis document was considered in drat by the General Assembly o the International Co-operative

Alliance (ICA) in Manchester in October 2012. Following comment and discussion (now reected in thisrevised version) the Blueprint was approved by the General Assembly. It is now issued in its fnal orm.

Ii y C-i idd w c i c


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IntroDuCtIon | 4

Co-operativesarebetter

bc gi idiidparticipation4 gwi, wic m m

i m ggig,m dci, d b

m d m

i cmwd. t im i icii wii

mmbi d gc w .


bc i bi mdc g cmic,ci d im

sustainability.


bc bi

md cmic dcii-

mig d big g i gb

cm. t bjci i d x idi.

C 1 (picii) d

2 (sibii) xi w

c-i b w dig bi. C 3

ci c-i

ii d: w

i m b c-i

d w dig

cciic idcib c.

Thisislookedatthroughthe identity wic i

dd b c d

ici c-i, dd b cmmicdg w d

diici mg c-i d

dd b bd mic-mk g

bic. s im i bid c-i mg d

c c-i idi.

Wi iiic d bidig c-i md

c bid, d diici c-i idi

d ii dcibd,i i c 4 d

5 w cii iibic-i.

Co-operativesinevery

jidici i wii legal

ramework. ti mw ciic

ibii d xic c-i. t Bi

ig mw

c-i gw.

Co-operativesneedaccess

capital i bbid, gw d fi.

t im i c ibc-i ci wi

gig mmb c.

t iidd ig m

Bi g, wic c b

id w:

suMMary o theBlueprInt strateGyThe starting point or the strategy or a global co-operative uture is the powerul claim which

co-operatives make to the outside world: that they have a way o doing business which is both better, andbrings a more eective balance to the global economy than the dominance o one single model as now.

PARTICIPATION SUSTAINABILITY

CAPITALLEGAL

FRAMEWORK

IDENTITY


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5 | IntroDuCtIon


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IntroDuCtIon | 6

To pursue the 2020 Vision, the Blueprintstrategy thereore involves concentratingon these 5 critical interlinked themes,

and establishing implementationstrategies in relation to each o them.

The overarching agenda or the ICA, itsmembers and the co-operative sector

generally is laid out here:

1 e participation wii mmbi

d gc w

2 pii c-i bid sustainability

3 Bid c-i mg d

c c-i identity

4 e i legal rameworks

c-i gw

5 sc ib c-i capital wigig mmb c

ec m ii

ICa, i mmb d widc-i c. ec c i

dcm ccd wi m ibd idici ci mig b ,

i i g. I i ICa,

i Bd, mmb, gi, cgii d w dcid ci d imm

sg, d g gd imc c wid g c

icdig ci, im dcmic. tg wig g

m c-i cmmic cci di wd i i

2020 vii.

wig Ii y

C-i, i i idd iBi wi id ICa d immb wi c c i

cii, did b mbii g.


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1. partICIpatIon


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partICIpatIon | 8

elevate partICIpatIon WIthInMeMBershIp anD GovernanCe to aneW level

Democratic member participation is the best-known eature o the co-operative way o doing business,and a major part o what characterises a co-operative in contrast to investor-owned businesses.

t idiid mmb i c-i wic g bd bic cmic

ii cm, w dc.Cci mmb w i c-i, d

g dmcic gm icii i gc. Idiid ig

imi, ic, d i. Ii Bi w wd icii

d i bd ig.

t i gd idc gg idigcm d w wi ic iid

gii dc b, m iig di m bi6. Cm d cdi

c-i dc d m iicibi i i dm, dci d

gd qi7. hig w ggmd m ci dcii-mig cid

g w mmbi bc diicidmcic c d b c-i

b idiid icii i ifc wii i g dmcic

giimid i. t c-i dii dmcic icii i wc b

idiid d i d cdc

icii i i cmmii d cii8.C-i i ig w icii dmcic dcii-mig, d, c,

g bic gd wic xcd i cmicimi. t, dmcic icii i

c-i b b bi dciid g cmmii.

the seven Co-operatIve prInCIples9 - applIeD

The co-operative enterprise

People can join and leave

Your voice will be heard

You control the capital

Together, you are

autonomous

You can develop yoursel

You can be more successulby co-operating withothers who know how to

co-operate

You can do something or

your community even asyou keep succeeding

The co-operative individual

I c d cmm i wi i I m i d

d i I b i w b m c- wi m.

Bc I q i w , I i d Icmmic d .

I c w w ig d g d

dcii I m gidd b i.

I c m d m i

m w, g w m i c .

I m id m d d m I

c b i m c-i w.

I k ii c- wi i w ig.

I m w I m g m d I m cmmid

dig w I c m i b.


12/44

9 | partICIpatIon

My BeneIt our BeneItThose social pioneers whoestablished co-operatives over

previous centuries had a clearvision: they could see that by

getting people to collaborateand work together, they could

meet both their individual andcollective needs or access to

goods and services, or to work.For them, participation was the

means to an end, not an endin itsel. They became involved

or engaged in order to meettheir needs: it was part o the

process o establishing theirco-operative and making it

perorm better.

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ic, cmc, ji z. I dicg ciic

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ici.

t gb ci cii d

i ddcmi d i iii

m d i cii

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cmmci, gm d igi iii, iig

bc d wiig mbd

bm

g m b ib. tGb td i d

d idi

i gb d mwm idiid,wic cib

bgig ig mcmmi.10

DrIvers o ChanGe Theglobalemergenceofthemiddleclass,interconnectedbymyriadnetworks.Asaresult,citizenswill

w g i i i gi.

Growingawarenessthatthedemandsandconcernsofpeopleinmanydifferentcountriesconverge,with

d ii d d gic. ti wi c wi gm cci dibic gd, ic ig imig qi i, ig i xci g.

Increasedcivilsocietypressurefordirectparticipationinthepoliticalarena.Greaterparticipationand

kwdg cd wi gwig xci g m d i, d cfic. t

mm 2011 m k wic m mmb w i 2030 ik mg w bm cig i dmcc.


13/44

partICIpatIon | 10

ti i di cx.t dicm d

diggm g i d ,

bcm w iii d m

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immdi cmic cg c ( gd wi 11). m l Idigd

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dmcic wig.12

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icii bcm d

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B ibiii icii d xci

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mmb. M, ikkig w d i,

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occ, d -kig

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ic c d ci

c; i w cgi,

ic wb gd g cgi;

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wi-, big ci ic

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wk cbi

ci g bi cic.Cbi iciiiig d

im g i icc (c c, ,

c id, cii c

g) id m xig m fxibd ci mcim

bi, mbddig id c-dci i dig

gii i, d giig m cmii dg dii

ig-i bi.14

G- icii im i

i ICa i. o

c iig cic w gm i gwig imc

w gc b ik G20.a wd bigg bm

c d i, imc mi

iii ic. t ICai iii. Iw i xic w i

giimc d i

g- mmbi bii i i c-id wd, d i

c-i icii ii i bdi. nig

icii g- g

giimc d ib -i c-i

gii, b dic i i

bdi c ICa.

icii i c gibcmig c-ic m b

c iig cic w gm i gwig imc w gc b i G20


14/44

11 | partICIpatIon

the GoalThe aim is to elevate participation within membership and governance to a new level, and to do thisby ocussing on the practical aspects o participation:

Specicallyanddirectly

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d miiig ii,d cidig w

bid diimcim icii

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c-i c d gi wcm

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i Bi. tii cidig g

qi. a ggi ig i w

mcim cbiwic bid

c-i c c

m d d? ac-i idig m i cc i

g ? a cmmid cig c

m m, dbig m

? a ig ig gg?

Leadinginnovationin

dmcic icii,

ggm dim, d idiig,dimiig d dig

b cic. ti icddig b cic i

i cmmici,dcii-mig, mig

(b ic d i),d . I

icd xig w cgig, iig d

bidig icii bidig mmb-bd ici.

Securingsupportforall

c-i dmmbi gi d

m . Wic-i ig di

d xi cmmii, c-i c

i i miiigm dd i cig

i mmbi,b di

b xci,d -ci wi

iw mig md w bidig

bi. Gd cic immbi dm

i j ci wiwig 5 C-i

pici (edci, iigd imi) d

7 C-i pici(Cc cmmi),b i i mig

wic c-i d dm i

xcc, diigiigm m m

gii.

Exploringtheparameters dii mmbi,

cidig w ii d dii

m icii (c cmm, ci d

db, ggm i cimdi) d d cd ic

wi mmbi, d wdi icii

(.g. mmb, ,w) i

i i cx.

Securingtheirleadershipin

ii i cx w giiicdig c-dci

d m cmgm cic.

tg dg m-mmb

icii i dcii-mig d imi

ig, c-i c dm dd cmii

m i-wd

d i cmi.

Asaseparateinitiativeand

iig i m ci bw, iigig di m imid m

icii id ci, wic d

dmi dmgc-i .

ti i cidd b im d giimg ICa , d

im i .Idiid c-i

cd mig d d

ig i bi. I i i bdi d

ICa d ciiiwic wi c-i

i g-m. t db dig ig wic

bid cc, ibc-i, d wic

i d idiidc- g b

i d d bi.

i i cidd b im d giim g ICa


15/44

partICIpatIon | 12

hoW MIGht the Goal Be aChIeveD?As explained urther in the conclusions below, responsibility or planning implementation is sharedacross the co-operative sector. However to give an indication o some o the ideas which have already

emerged in discussion within the ICA, and to prompt discussion, but without either being prescriptiveor imposing restrictions at this stage, the ollowing ideas are oered.

possIBle or InDICatIve aCtIons

Findingnewwaysofjoining

up c- wii

c-i c c m ccd w

c-.

Gatheringandcollating

imi b bestpractice; dig d ig

b id, icdig ic g d gdbc; idiig gi

dmgig d, ig x bd cic

d dig dciq im i.

Gatheringandcollating

imi wic

dm w c

xm b cic ii id strongperormance c bd

g idic, icdig, xm, ci cc,

m ggm,ci ggm d

im ibii.

Workingwithyoungadults

d g d social media id

x mii g gi i i

cbi cii di; w cmmici

d mig ii cgd

d cgig b -id -i; xmiig

cic wic di c mm.

Exmiig d cgig

xiig cic co-operative democracy,

gig idc ii cic,cgig i i

c d cig d.

Inrelationtoparticipationof

non-user unding members,

gig idc xiigmd d cic (

bw).

EngagetheGlobal 300

co-operatives g

iibii c-i

cc d imc d mi c-i ic,c g ldi

rdb.

mi c-i ic,c g didb


16/44

13 |

2. sustaInaBIlIty


17/44

sustaInaBIlIty | 14

posItIon Co-operatIves as BuIlDerso sustaInaBIlItyInvestor-owned business models currently suer rom a crisis o unsustainability, in economic, social andenvironmental terms. The fnancial crisis has been an epic example o the perils o valuing very short-

term gain over longer-term viability. The dominant model o capitalism o the past three decades hasalso been accompanied by increased levels o inequality, translating into lower levels o social capitaland wellbeing.15 Meanwhile, the quest or shareholder value by PLCs very oten involves sacrifcingenvironmental sustainability, as the case o the BP Gul o Mexico spill revealed (see box below).

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d m d, md ii gi

d cii . a hd Bi sc g,

Mic p, gd,

bg biwic i i d , i, wic cc

i imc cm,im, m, d

.16

sibii i g i cci ,

mii d. sic 1980 m ibii

b d igi im, cmic, d

ci dimi wd gbwdi d ibmgm c.17C-i w

b cc

gd d ic wixii. ti m

dig i ccdc wi bd w w

wd d c ibii.B cig m d i

c, c-i d

d ci ibiid di diici m d . Qi im,

c-i i cci i ibii. C-i

imi cm g d, wiig mximi b

ig d.Bidig cmic, ci d

im ibii

d b -cig mii djici gwig

c-i c. I w qi w

c-i cd bci, i iic

jc. p im, c-i

m ci i-wd bi, c

m cm g cd b ( d )

i i cc.

t ICa m d

i iig ii c-i cm, wic g-m cm d

i- c/b. a m im, i d dw

xi d b cic mid c-i c,

ic d m m c-i

dc ci, d wic dmi md ciim

dmic d-dc. tic g

w i c b d.

t w w w id d w, d 4.9 mii b i id, iig mm.

t -m im dmg w cic

d, d g-m imc i wi i m g d ci G mi i i w. y d i-md

b di id d w i d g id i c d ccb

-big--i b bg ci cii 2008.t Bp di d m bm x gm

gi, c di i, wig ccid ci mdw. Big b d big i

m i cmm i i.

What happened at Macondo Well, New York Review of Books,29th September 2011


18/44

15 | sustaInaBIlIty

the GoalAlthough there are some local exceptions, at present sustainability is not a term that is universallyassociated with co-operatives. This is what needs to change by 2020 to position co-operatives as

builders o sustainability. The co-operative sector needs to demonstrate convincingly that sustainabilityis in the intrinsic nature o co-operatives, and that co-operative enterprise makes a positive

contribution to sustainability in three senses:

Economic: t i

cidb idc dii wi

m cib mb ci c

w.18 t i-wdcm w c w

ci cii ccd,wi mg cig i

i m

d m mb d. oid ci ic c

i, b gwigcc mi

d dmi g-m dci

i cmi.19

C-i mb

ii mg .i, ci c-i

c i i immb, d.

t d d , mig

m iiic i. ti gd idc gg

cdi c-i cib

g ci bii dibii.20

scd, b ig md d ii c

i gii , , c-i

d m m

bm -mim

fic m cid -ci m. t

i i w, d m bm

ciii ficd ciim

w , i wic cimc i c

idic gd bi. B i

d m wi, ik dc qi dc ic

i i . tb im dii d

cg bi m,idcig cic w

bi i d.21 I digcmi, mim

i cmic dm,b dic d idic w

ig idci w cgi ( x bx).

Social: amg gi

xii gd bcm ciim, dwic i d

wi ddig, cibm cid wi

idiidim d iqi.sm im i

c m ig,

icig md bi cmi dwbig . o

big m c gm, w

mi bmd cim. t d

ci ci gg cii wi ig

mmbi cii d b cmic,

i ddii jig ig d dmcic

icii.22

W id ii i wic wi d c

b i ic d i g ig m i bc , b ig wi ci b-im i-ig

ici. I i c w b i cii.Andy Haldane, Executive Director for Financial Stability,Bank of England. http://www.lrb.co.uk/v34/n04/andrew-haldane/the-

doom-loop

C-i w dc i ci i. ti i cii c-i b d cdi i

d w c i big cii. e.g. rbbgrewto42%ofitsmarketin2008anditsmemberinstitutions

received20%increaseofdeposits.Membershiplevelsofcredit

i b iig 2008-09J. Birchall & L. Ketilson (2009) Resilience of the Co-operative Business

Model in Times of Crisis. ILO

Cd: 1 i 3 Cdi mmb cdi i m

[t Gb d Mi, 15/5/2012] d cdi i gwig i di m d idi

mortgagesmarkets,whichwereat16%and19%respectivelyin

2010. [Md i ic gb big 123026,

ai 2010] a q 2012, Djdi 16 7,500 di ig ci iii i n amic d

is2ndforitsTier1CapitalRatio,whichisat16.0%.[DesjardinsG Q1 2012 ici r].


19/44

sustaInaBIlIty | 16

C-i m

ii cibi , i ww. i, di ci

ic d. t x ci c-i i

m c c, b i widd m i

m i c I dJ.23 C-i

im m , b

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, i gc c

m i dig i, ci i cx c

ci. scd, mmbid cii gd id m, wi

cig im c

wic cc cii dcmi i.

C-i cib c i ci ci,

i w i-wdbi d . t uid

ni cgi i, gigGm cg d

cii bim ddm c-i,

icdig ig m

imd big iig

i bgig b g gg

bi i

ci d dm c-i.24 ti i cci dig i. I i

c wic d m gm d ic-m,d b m -m

i -mximiig i iw wic dd d

cid.

Environmental: t

i gwig bd idc dmig

c-i

i im cd.t i

i. i, icigii, cc

b imcm c im b

icd dmcic bmmb, wi dig

b ccd i m

im. scd,w c-i mi-d, cci

bi giim xii

(i. w d i) ic d i

dimiid.25

a imd 250 mii m i dig i bg c-i.World Bank (2007) World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for

Development

I k, c-i m 300,000 d c w

idic 2 mii i c d ii c.ILO (2012) How women fare in East African co-operatives: the caseof Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda

a sd uii d d w cgi cim gic ibii i dig ci, b

wi ggm c m d ci d cmicw dd . a d m i yqi v,

Mxic, d m w m i gi imi immig w cgi m i c cdi i,

m cii. t c g idcw, m ib cgi i gic m w i

ici iii, c c-i.Stanford University (2011) http://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/june/

understanding-farmer-networks-060211.html

c-i cib c i ci ci,i w i-wdbi d


20/44

17 | sustaInaBIlIty

Dm Ii Djdi (DID) wk wi Cdi Ii Dm agc d

i d i micc, wi 8.8m mmb d ci gb d i Can$2.5b.

rc jc icd dig bidig i hii, Can$ 11m i i pm d Dc 2011,

supporting1700entrepreneursandaloanportfolioofCAN$7minZambia,wheretheyaccountfor35%ofthe

micc mk.

http://www.did.qc.ca/en/our-partners/performance-report/

a d c-i i si lk d tzi d mji c-i dcd .

t mk ii cibi i -icm c ki dm, dci d gd qi.

Birchall & Simmons (2009) Co-operatives & poverty reduction: evidence from Sri Lanka and Tanzania.

Co-operative College

InChina,co-operativesprovide91%ofmicrocredit.

[Global to Local]

Cdi i w mic m id w c m m wkig i dd

ci i mii i dig ci, wic i ci im i li amic.

[ILO Sustainable Enterprise Programme: Resilience of the co-operative business model in times of crisis, p.26.]

the go o posiion

co-operives s buiders o

susinbiiy shoud incude

esbishing wide pubic

undersnding o he business

susinbiiy o co-operives sbusinesses. there re coninuing

ensions wihin ny business

beween economic, soci

nd environmen ineress,

bu hrough seeking o sisy

he needs o ordinry ciizens,

co-operives end o pursue

convergence beween heseineress. this resus in greer

orgnision susinbiiy.

lsy, he go shoud incude

he mbiion or co-operives

goby hrough he ICa o

infuence he geo-poiic order

in his vi re where individu

governmens srugge o mke orsick o commimens.

Wid-w c-i gwig i mb:

t md wbc cmmii id

dig wid m,wig m dcd

g c i g-m - i i

scdii b d w i dcd: .g.1 i n ii,

Germany,90%ofthe60

wid m cmmi-

wd; .g.2 niWid, Mii

cm dd i 2003i d g-c

cmmi bd widw jc, wic

ggg cci

4,000 MW d ii cmib mig im i

dmic wb.


21/44

sustaInaBIlIty | 18

hoW MIGht these Goals Be aChIeveD?At the centre o this strategy must be a concerted eort to collect and publicise the right sorts o dataabout co-operatives. This includes the ollowing:

possIBle or InDICatIve aCtIons

Innovations in accounting: c-i c d

d. t id g mb

iiii g wicbi, ci i

d cii bigcgd c i

-ci mc,c i bm i

ccig (tBl), bc

ccd c, ci im (sroI),ci imc ig,

wbig mm.26sm m

c i i bc i m m,

i c wi sroI;gm d i w

ig cc c im dgdi.

o (c tBl) im i m iid b id.

M m

ccig big ddb wig wi -

id bi, gm xd i ig

cic bd ci d.B c-i mc

gi m iig i gd,

m dmigi ii imc. t m m d

cic c-i mcmm , b

d xdig.27

t ci diig iim i cim b

mc. C-id b dig d i

dm icid dd c di,

i-wd bi

d (d dmi) dm ici d

dd ci ccigd di.

Case studies: t dii

c-i m d gi d-cgid. C

di d -d iwig cibi

c-i dci,

cmmii, d bic g im d dd. Cm

g c-i mig cci cibiwd i w

cb cm, wicd cdig, dig d

igigig.

Evidence gathering: I

d dm icibi ibii bic ic-m,

cmic i ii xii

c-i i b.a mb ciq

xi (w cigi) cig

-m gd,c d c

im. Cidi

d b gi ICaciiig bim i d b.28

Public advocacy: t

mg b c-ic g b imid

gg dmcicmmb c. I d

b bdd d wd ci icd

c ibii, c i m

bic ic-m, bd bic d g

.

Technology: t c-i

c d im bcmd i dmd cgid ci m wic

cic di mb, wi diig

cm.

Management Practices:t c-i c

d d m d

d m diicimgm cic wicfc dmcic

d g m i c-i bi md,

d wic wi xi i c-i

dg.

Strengthen and Integrate

the Co-operative BusinessNetwork: t c-i

c d idid m bi i-c-i, icdig,

w ib, igigm, c cm,

ig ici bidii.

c-i mig cci

cibi wd i w cb cm


22/44

3. IDentIty


23/44

IDentIty | 20

BuIlD the Co-operatIve MessaGe anDseCure the Co-operatIve IDentItyIn a world suering rom a defcit o democratic representation and rom short-termism, co-operativesdemonstrate how business can be done not only dierently, but better not only or their own

beneft, but or the worlds. However, to spread this valuable message, there must be clarity as to howco-operatives are to be defned and distinguished. This is important or the co-operative sector itsel, in

creating a powerul sense o shared identity; but it is also important that an identifable co-operativemessage or brand is projected, which dierentiates this orm o business.

t m-c ci ic bi i

cwdd . Cci ibii d ci

i w xm w i wd bi

md b -imgid

-bdd, bd i mximii. t -cdic ci d

m ic i d ig gg d

mg c-i. hwd c-i diigi

m i i cx?hw d cd g

d c i-wd

ci?

a g dg

c-i i ig C-i pici.

C-i d im di, m img

m dm di. ti bidig

icii dibii j bd

ci bi

md, b c w wd, gd, mgdd d. Wi cm

icig cic b icg-wig c

bd, c-i ici ic

bi md c mc.

t id i c-ic m g

i qi b wci c-i, biig ICa sm

C-i Idi

w. hw, x wic C-i pici

id i gm jidici d g

m . s

m wm C-ipici d dqxi ci dii.ti icd g d

ic-m, mb wm ig gidc

w diigi icc-i m iic

, d ccd c-i gi

big gmd m

ig m-c dgd idig c cmii.

I icd bdbic i mmb d

g , w mig bcd c i ic

d ici, b wmg mim

idiic i cwdd d, d gg wic d

w . a c wici dm c, i

dii i m-c,d i idd

bim d cmmic

g w mig iici dw m.


24/44

21 | IDentIty

the GoalThe goal is to build the co-operative message and secure the co-operative identity, to secure moraleconomic authority and better business status or co-operatives. It is important to distinguish

between identity and message. Broadly speaking, identity is the meaning o co-operatives or thesector itsel and its members, how it recognises itsel when looking in the mirror; message is the way

in which the identity o co-operatives is communicated and projected to the outside world, througheducation, the provision o inormation, marketing, logos and other orms o engagement with

non-members.

t wd m cmm d d mg i bd,

d wii c-ic i -

d d b bidig c-i bd. hw

m bd i d wi

im i i cx,bc i cii wii ic

ig wic id m xc w

i m i md w ig. I

m bd i m d wi ci

img dig ibci cm. ni

i ci wi c-i c

g bi i g-ig

, d wic wi cg wid-d

c-i id wic iib wi cg

w wi w i ici.

hig id , c-i

c giim i iig c igi c-i wd i

i mid. t bii di i bw jidici,

d im c i jcig

i mg w idd b c-i

wd wic i g ig w i d . a w

m w i c, Bi jc bicii d ibii

g c-img.

t un Ii y

C-i d iccmig g dm

ii i idig

ig diiig mg c-i c

c b cid c mi. t .c dmi m

id i c diii .

C-i d m

icd mg m w

w cig w

cd wi i bw c-i i i-wd bi.


25/44


26/44

23 | IDentIty

hoW Can thIs Goal Best Be pursueD?possIBle or InDICatIve aCtIons

Thereisnodesireto

dmi sm

C-i Idi, sm db cbd. hw,

C-i pici(cid wii

sm C-iIdi) m cd

b mdwi Guidance,

i ig mw (i

i tm bw).

Dig Gidc ibiig idcibc .g. w i miimm qim bid

cd b i mmbi 2d C-i

pici? Wi cgidc, i i dic

imib g bi ccig

jcig d

cii. I wd id c bi ICa w wi i

bdi d i gmw bm

miiig idcibc.

Co-operativesneedto

i b w cid b, d w

jc m d

cmmic wi youngpeople. scig i id ii ggm c

b cid g ddig

cgig w i wic cmmic d m

ii wi c ig cg d ci

mdi. hm ii

c-i. yg d idi d mg.

Co-operativesalsoneedtoi b w cid m wid b

-mmb d xcmmii. t i m

c ci i,c ci ibii,

m wi,ci ii dd

ci dig c dic

c-i m.

C-i ci diici, b d wi i c gi.

t message d mgm, i i i

ci i g-mi c-i.

wig dm Gidc, i

g d b

dd wic i digdm i iw mg jci.

Considerusingtheallocation .coop domain m wic m

qim idcibc. Wi i m m im bi,

i wi id m iib idc w

i dd b c-i.I dg

cig jidicibdi. I wd

id bi ICa c gm

w giid cmic wi

idcib c, d igi i xci m

.c wic mig b cmii didg

i cm.


27/44

IDentIty | 24

Identityisalsoimportantinsecuringa

c-i ic i gb ic db. p

i i ccd wi wid di bc-i d wd cmm d

ici did b iib ig idc. t x wic 2012 IyC

g w dd b cii dmd

w idiig wi d ci bdi. Cidi d bgi, m i .c,

dm common symbol wicwd c imi - 2012 IyC.

Learningaboutco-operativeideasandtraditions

d b icdd wii cicm g dci. Co-operative education

i b w bid ddig c-i idi d mg b wid

ib g idiid.

Trainingprogrammesareneededtoexplain

c-i idi d. tid b mc bd mi

c-i idi mg business schoolsand proessional bodies. rc d

dm i, wdg d idd b md d xdd, bidig

cbi bw mg, cii dcdmic.

Itisimportanttomonitor the public reception c-i mgig g m d c g i di ci

Solidarity amongst co-operatives d bgd b cgig g c-i

id m i dm w d m c-i

Asputforwardintheprevioustwochapters,this

Bi i cmig c-i c d im c-i

bcm identifed with both participationand sustainability. ti icd cgii

ci ci c-i ciiii, d cibi c-i

m gb ci,

ConsiderthecreationofaWorld Co-operative

Heritage list, i iibii c-iimc g md i.

x wic 2012 IyC g wdd b cii

dmd w idiigwi d ci bdi


28/44

4. leGalraMeWork


29/44

leGal raMeWork | 26

ensure supportIve leGalraMeWorks or Co-operatIveGroWth

I an argument can be convincingly made or why co-operatives are better or the long-term interestso the world, and i the public better understands what a co-operative is, it would stand to reason

that momentum would gather or growth. But this is more likely to occur, and in some cases canonly occur i existing barriers to growth are removed. One aspect o this is the process by which

co-operative enterprises are started up within dierent jurisdictions, and this process is generally parto national law.

B i m i .t iw c-i

mgi m i i cmm. t i

i dd ci

w w b di (xcbd b g c cg

c-i i dci diig gig i bi wd). t c

cib ci, g dg ic

i digd g mji bi

wic -id,d-wd bi,

b ii c-i i ci imc. w ci gd

gii c-i.

I i im c-im i dc

mimic i-wdi i i,

mgm d gccic wic d fc

diici c-i.ti c b i

i w ig wii

i-c digd i-wd bi, b

c-i i dg i cgii

d m i igi diici d

cmmci dg gimic bi. Mg

d b d dcgd i i.

t i Dci c

cc i vic29 cd

g mw d ici c

wi c-i m d i dm. ti

im dmd mdig, icdig uidni ri 56/11430gig gm (mg

ig) cg dcii bim c-i, d

i m c i d big

im dm

c-i; d Ilorcmmdi 193.31

a im c i

g mwk i

ig c-i

gii di d c

c-i idi. ec

jidici d m

i gii i w

ic c-i ici

i c cx, i wwic i fc

diici idi c-i.


30/44

27 | leGal raMeWork

InternatIonal laBour orGanIzatIon

I i pmi C-i rcmmdi, 2002 (Ilorcmmdi 193), Ii lb ogii

cmmd (mg ig)

Governmentsshouldprovideasupportivepolicyandlegal

mw ci wi d ci c-i d gidd b c-i dici

Theadoptionofmeasurestopromotethepotentialof

c-i i ci, ici i dm, g icdig ci

icm-gig ciii d mm, dm m c ccii d wdg c-i,

dm bi i, ic igd im, d imm ci d cmic

w-big

Thepromotionofco-operativesasoneofthepillarsofnational

d ii cmic d ci dm

ThatGovernmentsshouldfacilitateaccessofco-operativesto

ic, im c d cdi.


31/44

leGal raMeWork | 28

I 2009, Idi gm mdd i cii g i

Cii (111) Bi, wic md ig m c-icii dm ig. t h ccdd ig

ciid gc i eci Cmmii wic ccdc ci c-i cii.

http://agricoop.nic.in/cooperation/hpcc2009new.pdf

o g cc 2012 Ii y i

ic-m d g wig dic c-i m d b di. t i mc d

cb . hw, ic m b idd w-md g, i gwig im c-i m

i i b d i i g

mw wi c-i gw m wic wi b.

W m ig i gd d mdig ci m, bidi . C-i

m dd gm ic bim. B bi xi i g cm, d bi gw

w dd ic d ici. mc i i, c-i ccdd i i g mw

d b digd wi imid cmi i mid. tc-i c d w xc i bc i i

. I ddig b gm d w-m

cmic d ci b wic c-i m cbig,32 d i g mw wic cc b d bd dii wi m i

c c.33


32/44

29 | leGal raMeWork

the GoalThere can be no one-size-fts-all, optimal regulatory or legal ramework or co-operatives. Legislationboth about the registration o co-operatives and about how they are treated in comparison with

other entities is part o and specifc to national jurisdictions and must be analysed as such. Thereorespecifc improvements must be identifed and lobbied or at the level o nations, building directly

on UN recommendations. However, good national registration and regulatory environments can becelebrated and highlighted, and national bodies supported by the ICA can engage with bad ones to

promote change.

I ddii ig

ci qii jidicimw gii,

i ICa idcig idc bic/

ci d ibii c-i ( sibii

b), wic wi g

c gm m c-i, ci im c cii wm ig w

m ci ci dbic ii. a cicig

c c b dd c-i m ci

i-wd bi,c ci i ccd

, d cib igic

bic gd.

Mig i gm

id bi cidigw c i w

c-i i mb , d w

cibi md ibic gd ji di

m c-i. xm, i mig ji

di m i x w34,

i cmii d i-w. I mig c gw ig, xm

iig ci, d w c ccig wi

gm.

t igicc i d b d,

bc c c-ic b didgd gi

bi ii. t id im xm, cmii

d i- w gd

b idcd i m

jidici imi i bi dig

i b m xiig dmi m ii

d dmgig cmmii b cig cc

gd d ic. B w

i i i c wd b id i m

w c-i, wic

b bid b cmmii

c i w cc gd d ic, i m cidi. a

xm i cm wig cig

bic ic: digd m d

cmii idig cic d cc

c.


33/44

leGal raMeWork | 30

hoW MIGht these Goals Be aChIeveD?possIBle or InDICatIve aCtIons

Assistance can be provided to registrars andregulators g

ci Ii nw gi d g35

dm Gidi w

pici

Assistance can be provided to national

parliamentarians, legislators andpolicy-makers g cmi d w w c-i i di

jidici.

xm, i 2009 ICa amicbid dcm ig

mw lw li amicci, dig i i

dig bc 1988.36 t mwlw i idd b md c

b wm ci. I i id gidc

c c-i gii didm jidc, cdmic di, d

cmi w.

a ii i c iiii

bi sd G eC-i lw (sGeCol), wic wi

b ig pici eC-i lw (peCol) i c

jc.37 sGeCol g bjcii cdc cmi c

c-i w i e, migicd w d ddig

c-i w wii g, cdmic

d gm cmmii i,e d ii . sGeColid ci i bjci g

i c iiii c-iw, bgiig wi dig peCol.

Integratetheco-operativeagendaintoglobal

development institutions, c WdB, d wi igm ic-ig

bdi, c G8 d G20.

Developthecapacitytorespondtoco-operativeii cd b gb d gipolitical events and changes.

Evidence could be published ci d

bic b c-i. ti idc d

bd i d b bi gm i m c-i i w i di jidici d

di g cmic dm.

AsreferredtoaboveunderIdentity,thereis

d establish an irreducible core w i m b c-i. ti i

c im bi cig dim c-i wii i g

m, bc d b bcci bw idc ci d

bic b d miimm cii bigd c-i. ti wi b i

w, xm, di c gm i dd c-i, bc

wi wi b cim im.ti i ic dic dd,

i igigd i c bid bai ici.38

Amechanismortoolshouldbedevelopedto

evaluate national legal rameworks d x wic big d i c-i. a g b jidici

cd b cmid igig g dw , wic wd b gd w

igig m d id i gg wi m i iic

dcc bd dmb c

Establishaco-operative knowledge databank m d dm imc d cii

wdg .

bd i

d b bi gm im c-i


34/44

5. CapItal


35/44

CapItal | 32

seCure relIaBle Co-operatIveCapItal WhIle GuaranteeInG MeMBerControl

Businesses cannot unction without capital, and co-operatives are no exception. Whilst they havethe ability to borrow (loan capital), as well as meeting working-capital requirements they need to

und their long-term business or which purpose they generally need some orm o long-term risk orloss-absorbing capital. Co-operative capital generally comes rom either members by way o share

capital, or retained earnings (reserves).39 By defnition, retained earnings take time to build up, andare obviously not available at start-up. Historically, co-operatives were unded by cash deposited

by members, at a time beore high street banks met this need. Members kept their savings at theco-operative, and could withdraw them as and when needed.

Widwb ci, wiimid xci, g

id ci dd. t

wid-d ibii ciiii d ic m g d i

c-i b - i c. Ci c b

widw wi i mdcx wi id

ci b bi dig bi. C-i im jidici c

bm i m cc

ci.40

I-wd bi ici m w

ig ci . tim b i m icm mdiidd, ci gw i

bi id im, cmbii

w. tdii qici id b,

d i bd ici

wi i i i dig ci

cm, d i diibd b

w diidd.

C-i ci i di i

i b ici.41

i, mmb i g

id ci bck m

ci m mdid bcibd .

s i im

i dig . scd, wi

c-i c i

ci, d 3d C-ipici mmb ci imid

cmi, i , ci

bcibd cdii

mmbi. t x

i diibd

mmb, diibi i i

i mmb d

wi ci.

W cmd wi cm

qi ci, c-i

ci d icmb cmic b. a , i i cmic

ci, d i i i.

B w c-i

ci g ( j -ig i)

c i ci, wcmd wid imc

i-wd bi, b. hw

d w bidg i g?

W d ci i ci cci dci

d m biiig dbiiig. W d ci

i id, imid d cd d dicd migm d m gd. C-i ci icci, biiig d id. t wd d m

c-i ci d w diig ig m bcmigi bcmig c-i ci.Webb and others (2010) Co-operative Capital: What it is and Why

our World Needs it


36/44

33 | CapItal

What Is the Goal?It is easy to make this subject complex, technical, even somewhat mysterious a search or the HolyGrail. Essentially, it involves matching our needs as citizens or a sae place to keep the money we

dont need right now but which we will need in the uture, with the needs o businesses which requirecapital to develop and to meet our changing needs.

t i 150 b ig

i i. I gm cig m mw

w i g b. I i wd g

d i i ig mi cm . M

i dd cmi bcm i, w

ii , g

i im ig d ci dc c ic idd b i-wi md.

Mximiig wi ig bcm m,

d w ddicd i. B , cmic

ii d w i md i

w c d mig

b.

idig cc md

m j cgigw bi , b

biig bi wic, ic-i, m i i

g-m m md; i m cgig

w b. W d big i

ig mximi gi; i w

w b wd, w d c d w m i bid b wd.

t w d i w im i qi .

I i w c

i w idc d cgig w

d wi i m, i migm b idiic

ii. B id w, m d w i cgig dmic.

m Giig pdg Bi

G d 30 us biiitogiveawayatleast50%oftheir

w ci, di mi

i 2004, q dmi i J i 2011 d

mj di. m g i ci g

dig w bi d mi

b, M y Mcmig,42 d occmm. W iig g

im g cg, w id d mii

cgig.

Ci im d bi wi id d

mii d. s gi id cdib ii

c-i wic c cgi, dd

d bi i ( C 3b), d id igmcim g wic

c i d c . ti m ci

ii wic id , b wi dig

c-i idi; d wicb cc i

d w d m.

I m xig widi cc ciid dii mmbi,

b wi cmmiig mmb c.

ti i cx i wic

i ci im,g wic c d

c-i, i. tii i d mc xd

b cmi, b imi imd g b id

i c-i .

Im dd, wicid cii m

b i d id c-i, d wic

Provideastablebasis

bi c-i

Provideanappropriate

xi id

d, i cx w m i i i, d

Donotimpairor

dmi

c-i i, icdig

c b mmbd cmmim

c-i idi.


37/44

CapItal | 34

hoW MIGht these Goals Be aChIeveD?possIBle or InDICatIve aCtIons

Promotingandencouraging

g unding c-

i b xiig mmb

Ensuringthatco-operatives

clear proposition m id d

Promotingtheinter-changeo ideas and experiencesbw jidici i

i ci d ciim

Developingamoderngenericfnancial instrument wici cd i cid m d

c-i bi dc-i d

Dig g ii

gic md i

di iz c-i

d c

Identifyinginstitutionswhich

c c aggregators or

intermediaries bi(g d m) digci

UtilisingtheGlobalDevelopment Co-operative

Fund dm

bim c-i c

Undertakingresearch onchanging attitudes and

motivation dig, d w ci im

Reviewingrisksand

ii cd b bidi c

ii, d groupstructure arrangements, d

ci c-ig c dd

ci ccmi

Buildingthecasefor

c-i ci

inspirational model,cmd wi db d-ig ci

Creatingaco-operativespecic

index m gw d

mc

Advocatingforaccountingstandards cgi

iq ib c-i md.

Acceleratingglobal trade

between co-operativesg b gm

d d ic c


38/44

ConClusIon


39/44

ConClusIon | 36

2020 vIsIon: BlueprInt or aCo-operatIve DeCaDe Is unashaMeDlyaMBItIous.

When the co-operative pioneers frst implemented their new ideas, those ideas provided a way orpeople to meet their needs where investor-owned businesses were ailing them.

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All o us now have a role to

play to secure the 2020 Vision.


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InternatIonalCo-operatIveallIanCe


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InternatIonal Co-operatIve allIanCe | 38

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the Centre or Mutual anDeMployee-oWneD BusIness

The Centre is based at Kellogg, one o the University o Oxords largest and most international graduate

colleges. Kellogg College supports the lielong learning work o the University, giving opportunities orthe continuing education and proessional development o mature and part-time students.


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39 | reerenCes

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2. t icd: cc pmig uddig C-i B Wd, c-gid beic d ICa i vic (://ic.//w/ic-2012--dci); D Dci r C-i (://www..g/dmi/_d/c_i/dc/D_Dci__

r_C-i_Dm_Inal.d); ri Ii Ci Big acii(://2012.c//mdi/ib/mmb-bici/i-ii-c-i-big-cii-2012); Dci m Ii smmi C-i i Qbc (://www.2012immi.c/i/cmmici/dci/); dci m Imgi 2012 Ii Cc C-i ecmic(http://www.imagine2012.coop/wp-content/themes/twentyten/document/Declaration-Imagine2012%20ICA.pdf);andtheDci m Ii h C-i m (://ic.c/2012/10/13/qbc-ic-2012-dci/)

3. s espas (2011) Gb td 2030: Cii i Iccd d pcic Wd(://www.i../d/mdi/espas__01.d)

4. a xid i c 3 bw, w icii -d iq c-i c gwic idiid w i c-i, d ici i i dmcic gc

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6. C, J., s. Di, J. Mici d D. n (2003), t rwd: iig m dg, M, ld; J. Micid C. og (2002), em picii d owi rig, J C lw sdi, v. 2, n. 1,. 143-159; J. Mici d C. og (2003), hrM, em s owi d C pmc, rc& pcic i hrM, v. 11, I 1, . 15-36; J. Mici d M. s (1999), n Ii wi ri?a i icii, i, r&D d ii, ecmic ai, v. 2, n. 2, . 85-97; d J. Micid M. s (2005), Bi sg, hm rc, lb M xibii, d Cmii adg,Ii J hm rc Mgm, v. 16, n. 3, . 448-468; Ii Ji pjc Ci Dmcc (1995) Mig Mmbi Mig: pici Dmcc i Ci. C sd C-i, uii sc; kim, a. (2010) Cgig p Mmb picii.I hmi (d.) Cm C- i J: Cg d pc i tii sg. Cm C-iIi J, t.

7. J. Bic &r simm (2009) C-i d dci: idc m si l d ti

8. pm, C. (1970) picii d Dmcic t, Cmbidg: Cmbidg uii p

9. C-i uk: t uk C-i ecm 2011(://www..c/i/d//dc/_c-i_cm_2011.d)

10. espas (2011) Gb td 2030: Cii i Iccd d pcic Wd(://www.i../d/mdi/espas__01.d)

11. p M (2012) W i icig w: w gb i

12. C W, i, cdmic d cii (://www.dmccw.g/bg/2011/9/29/c_w__cc_w__i__mig____m_dig___b_ig)

13. s r. M (2010) C-i i ag Gg, p. si (2012) o C-i: twd Bi C-i Dcd. r. M (2010) C-i i ag Gg (://www..c/ggg)

14. p, v.a.(1998) Bd M d s: sci ei d Cii Dmcc i W sci; ad, uk& Bd, nJ: ag

15. r. Wii & k. p. pic (2010) t sii l; ld & ny: pgi

16. M. p & M. km (2011) Cig sd v. hd Bi riw, J-b 2011

17. t ig wd dii i Wiidi ://.wiidi.g/wii/sibii

18. J. Mici (2011), pmig C Dii i ici sic sc, pic sdi, v. 32, I 4, . 309-23

19. s W. lic & M. osi (2000) Mximiig d : w idg c gc. ecm& sci, v. 29, n. 1, . 13-35

20. s h. h & M. Ci (2007) C-i B d ici sbii, IM; G. i (2012) Cdi C-i:Cg d ii i w gb ci. eurICse Wig p n. 032/12. s h. h & M. Ci(2007) C-i B d ici sbii, IM ://www.im.g/x/b//w/2007/w0702.d ; G. i(2012) Cdi C-i: Cg d ii i w gb ci. eurICse Wig p n. 032/12://ic.//d/2044

21. s owi Cmmii (2012) swdi, Dii & pi.(://wicmm.g//wi_cmmii_2012.d)

22. s r. pm (2000) Bwig a; ld & ny: sim & sc


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23. Ii c, www.ic., J c, p v.a. (2008) a Dmcic acic Ws, C 7, rdg; kim, a. (2003) C-i i h d sci C: I r i Bidig Cmmii,M l d smi h (ed.) sci Ci i ai sib Dm Mgm, n scic pbiIc, nw y.

24. un ri 56/114 dd i Dcmb 2001 (://www..g/g/c/iw_dc.?mb=a/res/56/114)

25. Ilo C-i Bc (2012) sib eg C-i (d), G

26. iw m G. Mg (2010) Mig sci v. sd sci Ii riw; nwpi Ci (2012) pici i pcic: hw cii d ci i cmmic imc.

27. s xm l. si (2011) a C-i pmc Mm p, Wig p Mi 2011-3

28. J. Q . (2007) W C: sci accig n d C-i, ld: sig; Bcd, M. J(2009) (d.) t W sci ecm: a Ii pci. B: p lg.

29. pmig uddig C-i B Wd (Mc 2012)

30. ri dd b G amb 19 Dcmb 2001, C-i i ci dm, a/res/56/114wig sc-G C-i i ci dm diibd i M 2001

31. t Ilo bq bid id Gidi C-i lgii b hg h 2d id dii 2005(://www.i.g/m/pbici/WCMs_094045/g--/idx.m)

32. I i bi un ri 56/114 gig gm d bdi ii d d i d cibi c-i im ci dm g, i ic dici , gi d dci mm d cm ci igi.

33. ti i gm b md c i uk cx b owi Cmmii. s owiCmmii (2012) pi, swdi & eggm.

34. t xm nwgi gm cc c e Cmmii, aid c-i wcmib wi e s aid gii, id cd w b c-i c b xid g.

35. simi Cmii nw i- g

36. aCI amic (2009) mw lw C-i i li amic(://www.cimic.c/IMG/d/lib_Mc_l.d)

37. eurICse Wig p n. 024/12 nw sd G e C-i lw: pici pjc(://www.ic.//d/1963)

38. eurICse Wig p n.023/12 C-i Idi d lw, ai ici (://www.ic.//d/1962)

39. dig i idd b C-i dig iii icdig b

40. s xm nCBa (2011) ni C-i Im Ci d Imi Mmdm p-dWig Ci

41. Wbb d (2010) C-i Ci: W i i d W Wd nd i(://ic./i/ic.//db_d/dcm/1281102442_626.d)

42. Wi 10m b cc g us b ic 2010, wig M y M cmig, us CdiUnionshaveenjoyedasurgeinbusinessasaresult,sothat30%ofthenowpopulationbelongtoco-operativelyownedcdi i (icd m 89m i 2008 94m c). [cmi.cm: C-i bi id w-dmd jb gw 02/04/2012] (://www.cmi.cm/Wd/Mig--dic/Cg-ag/2012/0402/Ci-bi-id--w-d-md--jb-gw)

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stateMent on the Co-operatIveIDentIty

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Documents

Blueprint for a Cooperative Decade (EN) / Plan para una Década Cooperativa / Kooperatiba Hamarkada baterako Plana