bls_1258_1959.pdf

A n a l y s i s o f

W o r k S t o p p a g e s

1 9 5 8

Bulletin No. 1258

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Jam es P. Mitchell, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Ewan Clague, CommissionerDigitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Analysis of

W o rk Stoppages

1 9 5 8

Bulletin No. 1 2 5 8July 1959

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Jam es P. Mitchell, Secretary

BUREA U O F LABO R STA TIS TIC S Ewan Clague, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. - Price 30 cents


Preface

T h is b u lletin p re se n ts a d etailed s ta tis t ic a l rev iew of strik e a c tiv ity in 1958 , an annual fea tu re of the B u reau of L ab or S tatistics* p ro g ra m in the fie ld of in d u str ia l r e la t io n s . P r e lim in a ry m on th ly e s tim a te s of the le v e l o f str ik e a c tiv ity fo r the U nited S tates a s a w hole a re issu e d about 30 d ays a fte r the end of the m onth of re fe re n c e and a re av aila b le upon r e q u e st. P r e lim in a r y e s t im a te s for the en tire y e a r a re a v a ila b le at the y e a r 's end.

The m eth ods used in p rep arin g w ork stoppage s ta t is t ic s a re d e sc r ib e d in appendix B .

The B u rea u w ish es to acknow ledge the co op eration of e m p lo y e rs and e m p lo y e r a s s o c ia t io n s , u n ions, the F e d e r a l M e d iation and C o n cilia tion S e r v ic e , and v a rio u s State a g e n c ie s in fu rn ish in g in form ation on w ork sto p p a g e s.

T h is re p o rt w as p rep ared in the B u r e a u 's D iv isio n of W a g e s and In d u stria l R e la tio n s by A nn J a m es H e rlih y and L o retto R . N olan , under the d ire c tio n of Joseph W . B lo c h .

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Contents

Page

S u m m a r y ---------------------------- 1Size of stoppages _________________________________________________ 1Duration ____________________________________________________________ 2Major issues _____________________________________________________________ 3Industries affected ______________________________________ 3Stoppages by location -------------------------- 4

States ----------------------------------------------------------------- 4Metropolitan areas ____________________________________________________ 5

Monthly trends ___________________________________________________________ 5Unions involved ---------------------------------------------------------- 5Methods of terminating stoppages ________________________ 5Disposition of issues _____________________________________________________ 6

Chart: Trends in work stoppages ---------- 7

Tables:

Work stoppages:1. In the United States, 1927-58 _________________ 92. Involving 10, 000 or more workers, selected periods ___________ 103. By month, 1957-58 ____________________________________________ 104. Major issues ________ 115. By industry group, 1958 ___ 126. By region, 1958 and 1957 ______________________________________ 137. By State, 1958 ________ -______________________ ________________ 148. By metropolitan area, 1958 _______________________________ 159. By affiliation of unions involved, 1958 __________________________ 16

10. By number of workers involved, 1958 __________________________ 1711. By number of establishments involved, 1958 ____________________ 1712. Beginning in 1958 involving 10,000 or more workers ____________ 1813. Duration _______________________________________________________ 2314. Method of terminating ________________________________ 2315. Disposition of issues _____ 23

Appendix A: Tables Work stoppagesA-l. By industry_____________________________________ 24A-2. By industry group and major issues __ ________ _________________ 2 6A-3. Instates having 25 or more stoppages by industry

group ---------------------------------------------------------- 28

Appendix B: Scope, methods, and definitions _______________________________ 35

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Analysis of Work Stoppages, 1958

Sum m ary

A tota l o f 3, 694 w ork stoppages resu ltin g fr o m l a b o r -m anagem ent d ispu tes, involving six or m o re w o rk e rs and lasting a full day o r shift o r lo n g e r , began in 1958 (table 1). T h ese stoppages in volved 2, 060, 000 w o rk e rs and resu lted in 23, 900, 000 m a n -d ays o f id le n e ss , o r 0 .2 2 percen t o f the estim ated w o rk ing tim e o f a ll w o rk e rs in n onagricu ltu ra l estab lish m en ts excluding governm ent. 1

The num ber o f stoppages in 1958 w as about the sam e as in 1957 (3 ,6 7 3 ), but w o rk e r s in volved and m a n -d ays o f id len ess in c re a se d by 48 p ercen t and 45 p ercen t, r e s p e c t iv e ly .2 An in cre a s e in the num ber of la rg e r s tr ik e s , w hich w as re sp o n s ib le fo r the 1957-58 change in strike a ctiv ity , m a y b e attributed , in part at le a s t , to in cre a se d p o s s ib il it ie s o r "e x p o s u r e " m o re m a jo r co n tra c ts ex p ired in 1958 than in 1957, including th ose in the autom obile industry .

In te rm s o f w o rk e rs in volved in stoppages and m a n -d ays of id le n e ss , 1957 strike activ ity had reach ed the low est point since the w ar y e a r s ; h ence, desp ite the substantial in cre a se o v er 1957 le v e ls , 1958 stoppages rem ained at a r e la tiv e ly low postw ar le v e l. In only 2 o f the 12 p reced in g postw ar y e a rs w as the num ber of stoppages m ea su ra b ly le s s than in 1958, and in neither ca se w as the d iffe re n ce m o re than 10 p ercen t. The num ber o f w o rk e r s in volved in 1958 stoppages w as low er than in 8 o f the 12 p rev iou s y e a r s , and 1958 m a n -d a ys o f strike id len ess w as ex ceed ed in 9 y e a r s . Even if the b itum inous co a l stoppages in the ea r ly h a lf o f the postw ar p eriod w e re exclu d ed , 1958 id len ess w ould still be low by postw ar standards.

The re la tiv e ly low le v e l o f strike a ctiv ity in 1958 does not n e ce s s a r ily r e f le c t a declin e in the u tilization o f w ork stoppages by unions

1 In com puting p ercen t o f estim a ted w o rk ing tim e o f a ll w o rk e r s , governm ent e m ploym en t is exclu ded . (See appendix B , p* 33.) F o r th ose in terested in com parin g strike id le n ess in the United States w ith other cou n tr ies , the estim ate of p ercen t o f w ork in g tim e lo s t , including governm ent, am ounted to 0. 19 in 1958.

2 F o r deta iled data on 1957, see A n alys is o f W ork Stoppages, 1957, BL.S B u ll. 1234 (1958).

i,n c o lle c t iv e bargain ing . Although strik es a re p recip ita ted by d ispu tes ov e r is su e s other than those in volved in the negotiation o f the te rm s o f new con tra cts , the grow ing p re v a len ce o f lo n g -te rm con tra cts , without re op en ing p ro v is io n s , obv iou sly a ffe c ts the y e a r ly tren d o f w ork stoppages, p a rticu la rly as r e gards num ber o f w o rk e rs in volved . A lm o st 90 percen t o f m a jo r ag reem en ts (co v e r in g 5, 000 or m ore w o rk e r s ) in e ffe ct at the b e ginning o f 1958 had te rm s o f 2 y e a rs o r m o r e , and few p rov id ed fo r annual r e o p e n in g s .3 A u tom obile and stee l agreem en ts have not e x p ired o r have not been reopened in the sam e y ea r since 1955. The ex p erien ce o f the e a r ly postw ar y e a r s , when negotiations o v er co n tra c t te rm s took p lace annually in v irtu a lly a ll m a jor in d u str ies , has not been repeated in recen t y e a r s , and is not lik e ly to be r e peated as long as lo n g -te rm a g reem en ts w ith out reopening p ro v is io n s rem ain popu lar.

Size o f Stoppages

The m agnitude o f the 1958 in cr e a s e s in the num ber o f w o rk e rs in volved in strik es and m a n -d ays o f id le n e ss , as against 1957 can be attributed to an in cre a se in la rg e stoppages. In 1958, 332 stoppages involving 1, 000 orm o re w o rk e rs id led a tota l o f 1,590,000 w o rk e r s (table 10). C orresp on d in g fig u re s fo r 1957 w ere 279 stoppages and 887, 000 w o rk e r s . M an -days o f id len ess attributed to these la rg e r stoppages w ere m o re than 70 p ercen t h igher in 1958 than in 1957.

A s in p rev iou s y e a r s , stoppages involving 6 but few er than 20 w o rk e rs accoun ted fo r a substantial p rop ortion o f a ll stoppages (1 7 .5 p ercen t), but added le s s than 1 p ercen t o f the w o rk e rs in volved and id len ess to the year*s t o t a ls .4 M ore than h a lf o f the stoppages d u ring 1958 in volved few er than 100 w o rk e rs , but the w o rk e rs in volved in all o f the m ore than 2 ,000 strik es in th is ca teg ory w ere few er in num ber than w ere in volved in the y e a r 's la rg e st ^stoppage.

3 M a jor A greem en t E xp iration s and R e openings in 1958, M onthly L ab or R ev iew , January 1958, p. 30.

4 It is reason ab le to a ssu m e, fr o m these f ig u re s , that the o m iss io n o f stoppages a f fe c t ing few er than 6 w o rk e rs had no m ea su ra b le a ffe c t oh w o rk e rs in volved and id len ess to ta ls .


2T w enty-on e stoppages in volved 10, 000 or m o re w o rk e rs in 1958, as against 13 in 1957 and 12 in 195.6 (table 2 ). 5 T h ese m a jo r stop pages contributed about tw o -fifth s o f the total w o rk e rs involved and id len ess in 1958. They ranged in the m axim um num ber o f w o rk e rs id led at any one tim e fro m 10, 000 to 300, 000 (the la tter figure app lies to two sim ultaneous stoppages conducted by d iffe ren t unions, at G eneral M otors C o rp . ). The F eb ru a ry strike in the d re ss industry id led 105,000 w o rk e r s . About 75, 000 em p loyees o f F o rd M otor C o. and 56, 000 C h ry s le r C o rp . em p lo y e e s w ere id led in Septem ber and N ovem b er, r e s p e c t iv e ly . The five m a jo r stoppages in the co n stru ction industry in volved a tota l o f a lm ost 100, 000 w o rk e rs (table 12).

About th re e -fo u rth s o f the y e a r s stop pages in volved single estab lish m en ts, about the sam e p rop ortion as in 1957, but one esta b lishm ent stoppages accoun ted fo r only a th ird o f w o rk e rs in volved in a ll 1958 stoppages, as against h a lf o f the 1957 total (table 11). E ach o f ap prox im a te ly 3 00 stoppages in volved m ore than 10 estab lish m en ts, and, in tota l, a lm ost h a lf o f a ll w o rk e rs id led by 1958 stoppages.

Duration

The av erage strike duration in 1958 w as 19.7 days betw een the day the w o rk e rs stopped w ork and the day they retu rn ed , an in cre a se o v e r the 3 p reced in g y e a rs (table 1). A p p rox im a te ly 1, 300 stoppages in 1958 lasted fo r m o re than 2 w eek s, (s ligh tly few er than in 1957), but these stoppages in volved about 950, 000 w o rk e rs in 1958 as com p a red with about 53 0, 000 in 1957 (table 13). About one out o f nine stoppages in 1958 w ere 1-day (fu ll day o r sh ift) a ffa irs w hich contributed le s s than 1 p ercen t to the y e a r s strike id le n e ss , p r in cip a lly becau se o f th eir sh ort duration but a lso becau se they tended to in volve few er w o rk e rs than the lon ger s to p p a g e s .6 About two out o f five stoppages lasted le s s than a w eek , the sam e p rop ortion as in 1957.

5 A p p rox im a te ly 1, 500 m e m b e rs of theA ir Line P ilo ts A s so c ia t io n stopped w ork at A m e rica n A ir lin e s on D ecem b er 20, 1958.On January 4, 1959, the com pany furloughed an additional 20, 000 w o rk e rs . T h is stoppage is not included in tables 2 and 12 since few er than 10, 000 w o rk e rs w ere idle in 1958.

6 The o m iss io n o f stoppages lasting fo r le s s than a fu ll day o r shift, a h is to r ic a l p ro ce d u re , w ould seem to have the e ffe c t o f understating the num ber o f stoppages and w o rk e rs in volved in any y e a r , but lik e ly has no sign ifican t e ffe ct on total m a n -d ays o f id le n e ss .

Of the 21 stoppages involving 10 ,000 or m o re w o rk e rs , 5 w ere term inated in le s s than a w eek , and 11 lasted fo r a month or lo n g e r . Stoppages involving the International H a rv ester C o . and the P ittsbu rgh P late G lass C o . w e re not settled at y e a r -e n d ; when fin a lly term in a ted , they had lasted fo r 71 days and 134 days, r e sp e c t iv e ly . The lon gest m a jor stoppage beginning and ending in 1958 w as the 54 -d ay stoppage o f ir o n w o r k e r s in New Y ork in m id -y e a r .

A c h a ra cte r is t ic o f s e v e ra l o f the m a jor d ispu tes w as a re la tiv e ly short strike ov er the e co n o m ic te rm s o f the m a ster a g r e e m en ts, leading into extended stoppages at the lo c a l plant le v e l on the te rm s o f plant supplem en tary a g reem en ts or on m a tters dealing w ith com p lia n ce . One o f the y e a r s la rg e st s tr ik e s the industryw ide dispute involving 105, 000 m e m b e rs o f the International L a d ie s G arm ent W o rk ers ' Union in the sprin g illu s tra tes th is point. W id espread id le n e ss in the d r e ss industry la sted le s s than 10 days in e a r ly M arch , ending with ap prova l o f a new m a ste r w age con tra ct , but in term ittent strike id le n e ss o f about 10, 000 w o rk e rs in New Y ork and P en nsylvania , both p r io r and subsequent to the industryw ide shutdown, w hich w as a ttr ib uted to a varie ty o f is s u e s , extended the o v e r a ll length o f the stoppage to 53 d a y s .7 The str ik es at G eneral M otors and F o rd o v er co n tra c t te r m s w ere a lso extended by stoppages o v er lo c a l is su e s .

W hile the L ib b e y -O w e n s -F o rd G lass C o . and the G lass and C e ra m ic W ork ers reached agreem en t in le s s than a m onth, the P it ts burgh P late G lass C o . strik e , in w hich job se cu rity and wage incentive is su e s had b e com e im portan t, had not been settled by the end o f the y e a r . 8

A ls o in the group o f lon ger stoppages w ere fou r involving con stru ction w o rk e rs in d ispu tes o v e r con tra ct m a tters the 37 -day stoppage in O regon and Southwest W ashington in July and August, the 4 8 -d a y stoppage in the C leveland a rea in M ay and June, the 50- day stoppage in the H ouston and G alveston , T e x . , a re a , and the 54 -day stoppage o f iron w o rk e rs in New Y ork in June, July, and the

7 Sign ificant changes in the num ber o f w o rk e rs id led during the cou rse o f a stoppage a re taken into accoun t in com puting m a n -d ays o f id le n e s s .

8 A g reem en t betw een the G lass and C e ra m ic W ork ers Union and the P ittsbu rgh P late G lass C o . w as reach ed on F eb ru a ry 16, 1959; the p a rties a g reed to subm it unsettled job se cu rity and incentive is su e s to a rb itra tion .


3f ir s t w eek in A ugust. The stoppage involving m e m b e rs o f the United Auto W o rk e rs and the C a te rp illa r T r a c to r C o . w as o f 51 days du ra tion ; the E a stern A ir lin e s D ispute w as settled in 38 days; and the stoppage o f tru ck e rs in 11 W estern States la sted fo r 37 days .

E lim inating Saturdays, Sundays, and h o li days, when w ork w ould n orm a lly not have been scheduled , w o rk e rs in volved in 1958 stoppages w ere id led fo r 11 .6 w ork in g days, on the a v e ra g e , a slight in cre a s e o v e r 1957 but substantially be low the 1956 average (table 1 ) .9

M ajor Issu es

About half o f the stoppages in 1958 w ere p recip ita ted by d ispu tes o v e r is s u e s relating to w a g es , h ou rs, and supplem entary b e n e fits , com m on ly design ated "e c o n o m ic " is su e s (table 4 ). T h is rep re se n te d a slight in cre a s e in re la tive in ciden ce ov e r 1957 and 1956, but w ithin the range o f the p ro p o rtio n o f stoppages attributed to e co n o m ic is su e s during the p o s tw ar p e r io d . In 1958, h ow ev er, such stop pages in volved , in to ta l, a h igh er p rop ortion o f the w o rk e rs in a ll stoppages than in 1957 and in m ost o f the p reced in g postw ar y e a r s .

E co n o m ic is su e s w e re param ount at the incep tion o f m ost o f the m a jo r stoppages lis te d in table 12, but in se v e ra l im portant ca s e s stoppages w ere p ro lon ged by d isa g reem en t on d ifferen t is s u e s . 10 The G en era l M otors and F o rd stoppages, as p re v io u s ly m entioned, w ere extended, a fter the b a s ic te rm s o f new m a ster a g reem en ts w e re a g re e d upon, by d is putes o v e r lo ca l plant is s u e s unrelated to the m a jo r e co n o m ic te rm s o f the new m a s ter c o n tra cts .

F o r a lm ost a fourth o f the stoppages, involving slightly m o re than a fourth o f the

9 The average strike duration (1 9 .7 days), w hich is the m ean e la p sed tim e o f stoppages, in cluded up to 6 nonw orkdays (o r p o ss ib ly 7 counting h o lid a ys). E a ch stoppage, r e g a rd le ss o f s iz e , is g iven equal w eight in th is com putation . Id len ess per w o rk e r , on the other hand, is stron g ly in flu enced by the la rg e r stoppages.

* Strike settlem ents a re often delayed by fa ilu re to a g ree on an issu e w hich w as not a m a jo r one precip ita tin g the strike o r w hich m ay not have been an issu e when the strik e started . F o r th is and other re a so n s , total m a n -d ays o f id le n e ss attributed to the d if feren t is su e s in table 4 should be in terp reted with caution .

w o rk e r s , jo b se cu rity , shop cond ition s, o r w ork loa d p ro b le m s constituted the m a jo r or so le is s u e s . The re la tive in cid en ce o f such stoppages w as not s ign ifican tly d iffe ren t fr o m that fo r the postw ar p er iod as a w h ole , a lthough the p ro p o rtio n o f w o rk e rs in volved tends to show substantial y ea r to y e a r flu ctu ation s. Since is su e s relating to jo b secu rity and w ork in g cond ition s are a lso frequ ently p resen t in stoppages attributed to oth er m a jor is su e s (in p rev iou s y e a rs as w e ll as in 1958), the s ign ifica n ce o f these is su e s in 1958 s trik es is undoubtedly understated by the data in table 4 .

A s m a jo r is su e s in d ispu tes, m a tters r e lating to union recog n ition , union se cu rity , and other orga n iza tion a l is su e s , a ccom p a n ied by e co n o m ic is s u e s , d eclin ed in im portan ce in 1958. Stoppages ov e r union orga n iza tion i s su es alone w ere few er in num ber and sm a ller in re la tive p rop ortion to the tota l num ber o f stoppages than in any other postw ar y e a r . Only in 1949 w ere few er w o rk e rs in volved . T ogeth er with the stoppages in w hich e c o n om ic is su e s w ere a lso im portant, union o r ganization stoppages accoun ted fo r about 16 p ercen t o f a ll stoppages, but since they tended to be sm a lle r in size than other types o f stop p a ges , they in volved only 3 .5 p ercen t o f the w o rk e r s . In the com bined am ounts, 1958 stoppages in these c a te g o r ie s , a s a p r o p o r tion o f the tota l num ber o f stoppages, wfere low by postw ar standards.

Stoppages cau sed by interunion o r in tra union is s u e s , m ain ly ju r isd ic t io n a l d ispu tes, a ccou n ted fo r n early 9 percen t o f the tota l, but in volved on ly 2 p ercen t o f the w o rk e r s . Such stoppages w ere sm a ller than usual in 1958 in te rm s o f num ber o f w o rk e rs in volved , but th e ir re la tive in ciden ce rem ained high. In absolute n um bers, there w ere m o re stop pages o f th is nature in the 3 y e a rs fo llo w ing than in the 3 y e a rs b e fo re the AFJL-CIO m e rg e r in D ecem b er 1955. W hether th is w as a re a l in cre a s e , o r a re fle c t io n o f the fe d e r a t io n ^ e ffo r ts to b r in g such stoppages out into the open, o r a resu lt o f be tter r e portin g fa c i l i t ie s , it is d ifficu lt to say; at any ra te , the a b ility o f the Bureau to lea rn o f, and obtain in form ation on, these disputes has m ark ed ly im p rov ed .

In du stries A ffected

A ll m e a su re s o f strike a ctiv ity w ere h igh er fo r m anufacturing than fo r nonm anufactu rin g in d u str ies in 1958 (table 5), co n tinuing a d iffe re n tia l that has p rev a iled since


41949, w ith the excep tion o f 1 9 5 4 .11 The num ber o f w o rk e rs in volved in stoppages a ffectin g m anufacturing estab lishm ents in 1958 in cre a se d substantially o v er 1957, w hile a sm a ll declin e was r e co r d e d fo r nonm anufacturing. M an-days o f id len ess in nonm anufacturing r o se by a lm ost 1 .5 m illio n , as against a 6 -m illio n in cre a se in m anufacturing . No a p p recia b le change o c cu rr e d in the num ber o f stoppages by industry d iv is ion .

A m ong m anufacturing in du stries in 1958, s ign ifican t in cre a s e s in w o rk e rs on strik e and m a n -d ays o f id len ess o v er le v e ls o f the p r e v ious y ear w e re r e co r d e d fo r the m eta lw ork ing grou p s, exceptin g p r im a ry m eta l industr ie s and o r d n a n c e . The tran sp ortation equipm ent group (ch ie fly m o to r v e h ic le s and equipm ent) alone accoun ted fo r 27 p ercen t o f a il w ork ers in volved in stoppages during the y ear and 18 p ercen t o f total m a n -d ays o f id le n e ss . In 1955, when 3 -y e a r agreem en ts w ere negotiated in the au tom obile industry a fter stoppages, strik es in volved substantia lly fe w e r w o rk e rs and m a n -d ays o f id le n ess than in 1958. E con om ic issu e s and m a tters re la tin g to w ork ing conditions w e re the p r in cip a l is su e s in tran sportation equipm ent stoppages in both 1955 and 1958 (table A -2 ) .

Other substantial in cre a s e s in strik e a c tiv ity ov er 1957 w ere re co rd e d in apparel (with the f ir s t industryw ide stoppage in the d re ss in du stry in 25 y e a rs ) and in stone, c la y and g lass p rodu cts (in fluenced by L ibbey -O w en s - F o rd and P ittsbu rgh P late G lass stoppages).

A ll m e a su re s o f strik e a ctiv ity in the con stru ction industry w ere h igh er in 1958 than in the past s e v e ra l y e a rs . F ive m a jo r s tr ik e s , involving fr o m 10 ,000 to 30 ,0 0 0 w ork ers in v a r iou s se ctio n s o f the country, w ere r e sp on s ib le fo r id len ess o f n ea r ly 2 m illio n m a n -d a y s , or 40 p e rce n t o f a ll c o n s tru c tion id le n e ss .

Stoppages on 4 m a jo r a ir lin e s , w hich in v o lved a total o f 36 ,000 w o rk e rs fo r p er iod s ranging fr o m 16 to 38 days, w ere re sp o n s ib le fo r a con s id e ra b le part o f the id len ess in the tran sp orta tion and com m u n ica tion industry grou p . The la rg e st strik e in this group in vo lved 3 0 ,000 tru ck d r iv e rs in 11 W estern States. Id len ess in this strik e and the a ir lin es strik es am ounted to tw o-th ird s o f the id len ess fo r the industry group as a w hole .

11 A cco rd in g to B ureau estim a tes , sligh tly m o re than half o f a ll union m e m b e rs , e x cluding m em b ers in governm ent, w ere e m p loyed in m anufacturing in du stries in 1956. See D ire c to r y o f National and International L abor Unions in the United States, 1957 (BLS B u ll. 1222), p. 13.

A m ong the industry groups with a notab ly low strik e r e co r d fo r 1958, in co m p a r ison with p rev iou s y ea rs o r in re la tion in the volum e o f m a jo r con tra ct ren egotia tion s in 1958, w ere te x tile s , pap er, ru b ber , lea ther p rod u cts , and, perhaps m o st con sp icu ou sly , m in ing .

Stoppages b y L ocation

R e g io n s . The num ber o f w o rk e rs in v o lved in stoppages and m a n -d ays o f id len ess in cre a se d substantially o v er 1957 in the M id dle A tlan tic and E ast North C en tra l reg ion s (table 6). Sm all in cre a s e s in w ork ers in v o lv ed w ere r e co r d e d fo r W est N orth C en tra l, M ountain, and P a c if ic r e g io n s . C o n tra r iw ise , the three southern reg ion s show ed a declin e in total w ork ers in vo lved , but an in c re a s e in id len ess w as re g is te re d by the W est South C en tra l reg ion .

S ta tes. The e ffe cts o f the substantial num ber of la rg e w ork stoppages in the tra n sporta tion equipm ent industry was re fle c te d in those States having a s iza b le p rop ortion o f the in d u stry 's em ploym ent. T ran sporta tion equipm ent industry stoppages accoun ted fo r m o re than h a lf o f M ichigan 's id len ess and tw o- th irds of the total w ork ers in volved (tables 7 and A -3 ) . In Ohio, w h ere the secon d h igh est id len ess was r e co r d e d , strik es in three m anufacturing industry grou ps (tra n sp orta tion equipm ent, m a ch in ery , and e le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery ) together caused n e a r ly h a lf the id le n e ss .

New Y ork had 264, 000 w o rk e rs in volved in stoppages, resu ltin g in m o r e than 2 m i l lion m a n -d ays o f id len ess ; 11 o f the 21 m a jo r stoppages o c cu rr e d w holly o r p a rtia lly within the State.

Two la rg e s trik es contributed to Pennsylvan ia id len ess the g lass w o rk e rs strik e at plants o f L ib b e y -O w e n s -F o rd G lass C o. and the P ittsbu rgh P late G lass C o. in O cto b e r and the stoppage at d re ss m anufacturing plants in F eb ru a ry , M arch , and A p r il . S ix ty - seven strik es in the con stru ction industry cau sed m o re than a qu arter m illio n m an -d ays o f id le n e ss .

G eorg ia re co rd e d its h ighest num ber o f w o rk e rs id le s in ce 1946, be in g a ffe cted by two o f the m a jo r strik es (G eneral M otors C orp . and E astern A ir lin e s ) as w ell as by stoppages in a ir c ra ft m anufacturing , s te e l, and the paper and pulp in du stry . The E a stern A ir lin e s dispute and a con stru ction strik e contributed to the in cre a se d id len ess in F lo r ida . S ev era l sm a lle r , le s s in du str ia lized States, e . g. , A r izon a and New M e x ico , had g rea tly in cre a se d id len ess as the resu lt o f


5m a jo r in terstate s tr ik e s . M a jor stoppages involving con stru ction w o rk e rs contributed to an in cre a s e in m a n -d ays o f id len ess in Ohio, O regon , T ex a s , and W ashington.

N ebraska show ed a m ark ed in cre a s e ov er 1957 in w o rk e rs and m a n -d ays o f id le n e ss , due to a 7 -w eek strik e in the con stru ction in du stry and a p ro lon ged bus strik e w hich a ffe c te d a num ber o f m id w estern and w e stern States.

M etropolitan A r e a s . M ore than 100 stop pages w ere r e co r d e d in four m etropo lita n areas in 1958 C h icago , D etro it, P h iladelph ia , and New Y o rk -N o rth e a ste rn New J e r se y (table 8). In the la tter , as w e ll as in the C leveland and D etro it m e tro p o lita n a r e a s , id len ess e x ceed ed 1 ,0 0 0 , 000 m a n -d a y s .

The stoppages involving the three m a jo r au tom obile com panies w e re re sp o n s ib le fo r 45 p e rce n t o f the w o rk e rs in volved and m an - days id le in D etro it, w hich re g is te re d the h igh est id len ess o f any m etrop o lita n a rea . These stoppages w e re included in the 42 strik es w hich in volved 1 ,0 00 o r m o re w o rk ers each in the D etro it a rea .

The New Y o rk -N orth ea stern New J e rse y a rea , secon d h igh est in w o rk e rs and id len ess am ong the m etrop o lita n a r e a s , r e co r d e d about the sam e percen ta ge o f w o rk e rs id le in three m a jo r strik es m illin e ry , ap p are l, and n e w spaper publishing in d u str ies . T h irty -on e p e r cent o f the id len ess o c cu rr e d in these three s tr ik e s . This area had 34 s trik es each in volv ing at lea st 1 ,0 00 w o rk e rs .

In C leveland , m o re than h a lf the id len ess resu lted fro m the 4 8 -d a y m a jo r strik e in the con stru ction in du stry . Other a rea s a ffected by la rg e s trik es in the con stru ction industry w ere P ortlan d , Or eg . , H ouston and G alveston , T ex . , and B uffalo and other upstate New Y ork a re a s .

The la rg e s t strik es in the C h icago m e tropolitan a re a , w h ere id len ess am ounted to th ree -fou rth s o f a m illio n m a n -d a y s , in v o lved n e a r ly 16 ,000 em p loyees o f the Indiana H arbor W orks o f the Inland Steel C o . , and 11,000 International H arv ester C o. e m p lo y e e s .

T o led o le v e ls w e re a ffected by the G ene ra l M otors stoppages, the stoppage o f g lass w o rk e rs , the E le c t r ic A u to -L ite C o. d ispute, and the p ro lon ged strik e o f departm ent s tore w o rk e rs that began in 1957.

M onthly T rends

T h re e -fifth s o f the y e a r 's stoppages b e gan during the secon d and th ird qu arters o f 1958 (table 3). H ow ever, the num ber o f w o rk e rs id le and m a n -d ays o f id len ess w ere h igher in the la st two qu arters o f the y e a r , due to the in cid en ce o f m a jo r stoppages. A s ig n ifican t p ro p o rtio n o f the id len ess in the third and fourth qu arters was due to m a jo r stop pages in the m o to r v e h ic le , fa rm equipm ent, g la s s , and tran sportation in d u str ies .

S ixteen o f the y e a r 's m a jo r stoppages (including the y e a r 's la rg e s t ) began during the la st h alf o f the y ear (table 12). T hese 16 stoppages accounted fo r 64 3 ,000 w o rk e r s , and about half o f the total id len ess betw een July and the end o f the y e a r .

Unions Involved

In 1958, about th re e -q u a r te rs o f the stop p a ges , accounting fo r c lo s e to n ine-tenths o f the w o rk e rs and m a n -d ays o f id le n e ss , in v o lved a ffilia tes o f the A F L -C IO (table 9 ) . 12 Of this id le n e ss , about on e -fifth was attribu tab le to stoppages in the con stru ction industry .

U naffiliated unions accounted fo r about a fifth of the s tr ik e s , but on ly about a tenth o f the w o rk e rs a ffe cted and the m a n -d ays o f id le n e s s . A p p rox im a te ly 20 p ercen t o f the stoppages in this group o c cu rr e d in the coa l m ining in dustry , but these stoppages accounted fo r on ly 5 p e rce n t o f the id le n e ss . M ore than a th ird o f the id len ess involving u n a ffiliated unions o c cu rr e d in the truck ing in du stry .

M ethods o f T erm inating Stoppages

About tw o-fifth s o f the stoppages ending in 1958, as in p rev iou s y e a r s , w ere te r m inated through d ir e c t negotiations betw een e m p lo y e rs and em p loyees o r th eir re p re se n ta tives (table 14). T hese d ir e c t ly negotiated settlem ents accoun ted fo r h a lf the w ork ers and a lm ost tw o -fifth s o f the total m a n -d ays o f id le n e s s . The v ariou s stoppages involving au tom obile m anufacturing com panies w ere settled d ire c t ly betw een the p a rt ie s , without m ed iation . About a th ird o f the stoppages ending in 1958, involving a th ird o f the w o rk e rs and accounting fo r half the id len ess w ere term inated with the a ss is ta n ce o f governm ent m ed iation and con c ilia tion a g e n c ie s .

12 Data a re not com p a ra b le with p rev iou s y ea rs b eca u se o f the D e ce m b e r 1957 expulsion o f the T e a m ste rs , B a k ery W o rk e rs , and Laundry W ork ers fr o m the A F L -C IO .


6Sixteen p e rce n t o f the s top p a g es , in vo lv ing 8 p e rce n t o f the w o rk e rs and 4 p e rce n t o f the total id le n e ss , ended in 1958 without fo rm a l settlem ent, i. e . , n eith er settlem en t o f the is su e s n or an agreem en t to resu m e n egotia tion s . This group in cludes s o -c a l le d " l o s t " s tr ik e s , w here w o rk e rs retu rn to th eir job s b ecau se th eir cau se appeared h op e less o r em p loy ers h ired new w ork ers to r e p la ce strik in g e m p lo y e e s . E stablish m en ts in volved in 1 p e rce n t o f the strik es rep orted that b u s in ess was d iscon tinu ed .

D isp os it ion o f Issu es

In ap p rox im a te ly 90 p ercen t o f the w ork stoppages ending in 1958 no is su e s w ere

le ft to be r e so lv e d a fter w ork was resu m ed (table 15). M ost o f these in stan ces in volved fin al agreem en t on the is su e s o r r e fe r r a l to estab lish ed con tra ct g r iev a n ce p r o ce d u r e s , but this ca te g o ry a lso in cludes stoppages in w hich the s tr ik e rs retu rn ed to w ork without reach in g agreem en t and without prov id in g fo r subsequent ad ju stm ents.

The p a rties in about 5 p e rce n t o f the d is putes ending in 1958 ag reed to resu m e w ork w hile continuing to negotiate betw een th em s e lv e s . In another 4 p e rce n t o f the ca se s they retu rn ed to w ork , a fter ag ree in g to co n tinue to negotiate with the aid o f a th ird party , to subm it the dispute to a rb itra tion , o r to r e fe r the unsettled is su e s to an ap propria te governm ent agen cy fo r d e c is io n o r e le c tio n .


TR EN D S IN WORK ST O P P A G E STHOUSANDS

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABORBUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS


9TABLE 1. WORK STOPPAGES IN THE UNITED STATES, 1927-581

W ork s to p p a g e s W o rk e rs in v o lv e d 2 M an -d ay s id le d u rin g y e a r

Y e a r

N u m b er

A v e ra g ed u ratio n(ca le n d a r

d a y s ) 3

N u m b er(th o u san d s)

P e rc e n t o f to ta l

em ploy ed

N um ber(th o u san d s)

P e rc e n t o f e st im a te d

w ork in g t im e o f a l l

w o r k e rs

P e rw o rk e rin vo lved

1927 . . . . 707 2 6 .5 330 1 .4 2 6 , 2 0 0 0 .3 7 7 9 .51928 . ............. 604 2 7 .6 314 1 .3 1 2 , 6 0 0 . 17 4 0 .21929 - - - 921 2 2 . 6 289 1 . 2 5 ,3 5 0 .0 7 1 8 .51930 637 2 2 .3 183 . 8 3 ,3 2 0 .0 5 18 .1

1931 . . . . .................. 810 1 8 .8 342 1 . 6 6 , 8 9 0 . 11 2 0 . 21932 ________________________________ 841 1 9 .6 324 1 . 8 10 ,5 0 0 .2 3 3 2 .41933 . ____ 1 ,6 9 5 16 .9 1 ,1 7 0 6 .3 1 6 , 9 0 0 .3 6 1 4 .41934 ________________________________ 1 ,8 5 6 19 .5 1 ,4 7 0 7 .2 1 9 , 6 0 0 .3 8 1 3 .41935 ________ _ 2 ,0 1 4 2 3 .8 1 , 1 2 0 5 .2 15 ,5 0 0 .2 9 13 .8

1936 _ _ _ _ ________ _ _ _ _ _ 2 ,1 7 2 2 3 .3 789 3 . 1 13 ,9 0 0 . 2 1 17 .61937 . ......................................... 4 ,7 4 0 2 0 .3 1 ,8 6 0 7 .2 2 8 ,4 0 0 .4 3 1 5 .31938 . 2 ,7 7 2 2 3 .6 6 8 8 2 . 8 9 , 150 . 15 1 3 .31939 . ......................................... 2 ,6 1 3 2 3 .4 1 ,1 7 0 4 .7 17 ,8 0 0 .2 8 1 5 .21940 ------------------------------------------- 2 ,5 0 8 2 0 .9 577 2 .3 6 ,7 0 0 . 1 0 1 1 . 6

1941 _________________ 4 ,2 8 8 18 .3 2 ,3 6 0 8 .4 2 3 ,0 0 0 .3 2 9 .81942 . . 2 ,9 6 8 11 .7 840 2 . 8 4 ,1 8 0 .0 5 5 .01943 _ _ _ ___ 3 ,7 5 2 5 .0 1 , 9 8 0 6 .9 13 ,5 0 0 . 15 6 . 81944 __ - _________ 4 ,9 5 6 5 .6 2 , 1 2 0 7 .0 8 ,7 2 0 .0 9 4 . 11945 ..................... . . 4 ,7 5 0 9 .9 3 ,4 7 0 1 2 . 2 3 8 ,0 0 0 .4 7 1 1 . 0

1946 ....................................................... 4 ,9 8 5 2 4 .2 4 ,6 0 0 1 4 .5 1 1 6 , 0 0 0 1 .4 3 2 5 .21947 __ ____________________________ 3 ,6 9 3 2 5 .6 2 , 170 6 .5 3 4 ,6 0 0 .4 1 15 .91948 ..................... ........ 3 ,4 1 9 2 1 . 8 1 , 9 6 0 5 .5 3 4 ,1 0 0 .3 7 1 7 .41949 ............................ 3 ,6 0 6 2 2 .5 3 ,0 3 0 9 .0 5 0 ,5 0 0 .5 9 1 6 .71950 ............................................................... 4 ,8 4 3 19 .2 2 ,4 1 0 6 .9 3 8 ,8 0 0 .4 4 1 6 . 1

1951 __ _ _ 4 ,7 3 7 1 7 .4 2 , 2 2 0 5 .5 2 2 ,9 0 0 . 23 1 0 .31952 . ...................................... 5 ,1 1 7 19 .6 3 ,5 4 0 8 . 8 5 9 , 1 0 0 .5 7 1 6 .71953 5 ,0 9 1 2 0 .3 2 ,4 0 0 5 . 6 2 8 ,3 0 0 . 2 6 1 1 . 81954 _ _ _ ___ 3 ,4 6 8 2 2 .5 1 ,5 3 0 3 .7 2 2 ,6 0 0 . 2 1 1 4 .71955 ------------------------------------------- 4 ,3 2 0 18 .5 2 ,6 5 0 6 . 2 2 8 ,2 0 0 . 2 6 10 .7

1956 _ _ ____________ ______ ______ 3 ,8 2 5 1 8 .9 1 ,9 0 0 4 .3 3 3 ,1 0 0 .2 9 1 7 .41957 _ ______ _ _ _ _________ 3 ,6 7 3 19 .2 1 ,3 9 0 3 . 1 1 6 ,5 0 0 . 14 1 1 .41958 _ __ _ _ ____ 3 ,6 9 4 19 .7 2 , 0 6 0 4 .8 2 3 ,9 0 0 . 2 2 1 1 . 6

1 The n um ber o f s to p p a g e s and w o rk e rs r e la te to th ose beginn in g in the y e a r ; a v e ra g e d u ratio n , to th oseending in the y e a r . M a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s in clude a l l s to p p a g e s in e ffe c t .

A v a ila b le in fo rm a tio n fo r e a r l i e r p e r io d s a p p e a r s in the H andbook o f L a b o r S ta t i s t ic s (B L S B u ll . 1016),tab le E - 2 . F o r a d isc u s s io n o f the p ro c e d u re s in volved in the c o lle c t io n and co m p ila tio n o f w ork sto p p age s t a t i s t i c s ,s e e T ech n iq u es o f P re p a r in g M a jo r B L S S t a t i s t ic a l S e r ie s (B L S B u ll. 1168), c h. 12.

2 In th e se ta b le s , w o rk e rs a re coun ted m o re than once i f they w ere in vo lved in m o re than 1 sto pp age during the y e a r .

3 F ig u r e s a re s im p le a v e r a g e s ; e ach sto p p age i s g iven eq u a l w eight r e g a r d le s s of i t s s i z e .


1 0

TABLE 2. WORK STOPPAGES INVOLVING 10,000 OR MORE WORKERS, SELECTED PERIODS

S to p p a g es in volv in g 1 0 ,0 0 0 o r m o re w o rk e rs

P e r io dN um ber

W o rk e rs in vo lved M a n -d a y s id le

N u m b er(th o u san d s)

P e rc e n t o f to ta l fo r

p e rio dN um ber

(th o u san d s) 1

P e rc e n t o f to ta l fo r

p e rio d

1935-39 a v e r a g e _ __ ___ 11 365 3 2 .4 5 ,2 9 0 3 1 .21947-49 a v e r a g e __________________ 18 1 ,2 7 0 5 3 .4 2 3 ,8 0 0 5 9 .91945 42 1 ,3 5 0 3 8 .9 1 9 ,3 0 0 5 0 .71946 I __ ___" I_________ ___ 31 2 ,9 2 0 6 3 .6 6 6 ,4 0 0 5 7 .21947 ________________________________ 15 1 ,0 3 0 4 7 .5 17 ,7 0 0 5 1 .21948 ________________________________ 2 0 870 4 4 .5 1 8 ,9 0 0 5 5 .31949 i r i i i - i ! ___I.................... I 18 1 ,9 2 0 6 3 .2 3 4 ,9 0 0 6 9 .01950 .................................................................. 2 2 738 3 0 .7 2 1 ,7 0 0 5 6 .01 9 5 1 ............................................................... 19 457 2 0 . 6 5 ,6 8 0 2 4 .81952 .................................................................. 35 1 ,6 9 0 4 7 .8 3 6 ,9 0 0 6 2 .61 9 5 3 ________________________________ 28 650 2 7 .1 7 ,2 7 0 2 5 .71954 .................................................................. 18 437 2 8 .5 7 ,5 2 0 3 3 .31955 ________________________________ 2 6 1 , 2 1 0 4 5 .6 12 ,3 0 0 4 3 .41956 I............................................................. 12 758 3 9 .9 1 9 , 6 0 0 5 9 .11957 _ ............................................ 13 283 2 0 .4 3 ,0 5 0 18 .51958 .................................................................. 2 1 823 4 0 .0 10 ,6 0 0 4 4 .2

1 In clu d es id le n e s s in s to p p a g e s beginning in e a r l ie r y e a r s .

TABLE 3. WORK STOPPAGES BY MONTH, 1957-58

Month

N um ber o f s to p p a g e s W o rk e rs in vo lved in s to p p a g e s M a n -d a y s id le d urin g m onth

B egin n in gin

m onth

In e ffe c t d uring m onth

In e ffe c t d urin g m onth

B egin n in g in m onth (th o u san d s) N u m ber(thousands)i

P e rc e n t o f to ta l

em p loy edN um ber

(th o u san d s)

P e rc e n t o f e st im a te d

w orkin g tim e o f a l l

w o rk e rs

1957

J a n u a r y ____ _ ------ __ ________ 240 341 57 73 0 . 16 6 1 8 0 . 0 6F e b r u a r y _____ ____ ____ __ _ _ 229 361 59 1 2 1 .2 7 925 . 1 0M arch ____ __ _________ __ __ 276 402 77 107 .2 4 802 .0 9A p r il , , , 389 522 165 203 .4 5 1 , 6 1 0 . 1 6M ay _ _____ 446 634 179 243 .5 4 1 ,9 9 0 . 2 0J u n e ____ ______ ____ __ 388 577 154 238 .5 2 2 ,0 5 0 .2 3J u l y ............................ 415 603 129 228 .5 0 2 ,4 8 0 .2 5A u gu st _ __ ________ _ __ __ 370 6 0 1 136 226 .4 9 1 ,6 9 0 .1 7S e p t e m b e r __ __ _____ __ 335 518 243 279 . 6 1 1 ,7 3 0 .1 9O ctober __ _ __ _________ __ _ ___ 293 471 95 159 .3 5 1 ,4 1 0 . 13N ovem b er _ _ __ __ __ __ __ 184 340 63 109 .2 4 765 .0 8D e cem b e r __________________________ 108 2 2 0 31 54 . 1 2 404 .0 4

1958

J a n u a r y _____________________________ 208 307 83 98 .2 3 595 .0 6F e b r u a r y __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ 159 2 6 2 36 52 . 1 2 404 .05M a r r l i 195 309 159 182 .4 3 1 ,2 4 0 .1 4A p r i l ___ __ __ __ __ __ _ 293 411 82 1 2 2 .2 9 1 , 1 0 0 . 1 2M ay __ ____ ____ _ _ _ _ 360 519 156 2 0 0 .4 8 1 ,9 4 0 . 2 2Ju n e , __ ... 374 552 156 247 .58 1 ,8 5 0 . 2 1Tnly 399 596 159 238 .5 6 2 , 1 6 0 .2 3A u gu st _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 403 638 1 6 2 288 . 67 2 , 1 6 0 . 24S ep te m b er T __ __ ____ 471 712 324 414 .9 6 2 ,4 0 0 . 2 6O c to b e r ____ __ ____ _ __ _ 391 637 463 531 1 .2 3 5 ,4 2 0 .5 5N o v e m b e r__ ___ _ _ __ __ 305 497 224 296 . 6 8 2 , 2 1 0 .2 7D e cem b e r _ __ _ ___ __ __ 136 357 58 169 .3 9 2 ,4 3 0 .25


1 1

TABLE 4. MAJOR ISSUES INVOLVED IN WORK STOPPAGES, 1958

S to p p a g e s beginning in 1958 M an -d ay s id le d u rin g 1958

(a ll s to p p a g e s)M a jo r i s s u e s

W o rk e rs in volved

N u m b erP e rc e n t

ofto ta l N u m b er

P e rc e n tof

to ta lN u m ber

P e r c e n tof

to ta l

A ll i s s u e s _ _ _ __ _______ ____ __ 3, 694 1 0 0 . 0 2 ,0 6 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 2 3 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 . 0

W ag e s, h o u rs , and su p p le m e n ta ry76. 7b e n e fits _ __ ___ _____ __ 1 ,8 7 5 50. 8 1 ,3 8 0 ,0 0 0 67. 2 18, 300, 000

W age in c r e a s e _______________________ 1 ,2 0 4 32. 6 9 7 9 , 0 0 0 47. 5 1 1 ,8 0 0 ,0 0 0 49. 5W age d e c r e a s e _______________________ 27 . 7 6 , 230 . 3 7 7 ,1 0 0 . 3W age in c r e a s e , hour d e c r e a s e ______W age in c r e a s e , p e n sio n , an d /or

42 1 . 1 2 9 ,8 0 0 1. 4 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 . 8

s o c ia l in su ra n ce b e n e fits __ ____P e n s io n an d /or s o c ia l in su ra n ce

290 7. 9 1 9 9 ,0 0 0 9. 6 3 ,7 0 0 ,0 0 0 15. 5

b e n e fits ___ ____ __ ___ __ __ 2 1 . 6 9, 150 . 4 1 8 8 ,0 0 0 . 8O ther 1 _ ____ _ ______ _________ 291 7. 9 1 6 2 , 0 0 0 7 .9 2, 330, 000 9. 7

Union o rg a n iz a t io n , w a g e s , h o u rs ,1 , 2 6 0 ,0 0 0and su p p le m e n ta ry b e n e fits _______ ____ 2 2 1 6 . 0 3 3 ,3 0 0 1 . 6 5. 3

R eco gn itio n , w age , an d /orh o u rs ____ __ _ __ ____ ____ __

S tren gth en in g b a rg a in in g p o sitio n ,153 4. 1 8 , 170 . 4 2 8 4 ,0 0 0 1 . 2

w a g e s , an d /or h o u rs __ _ ______Union se c u r ity , w a g e s , an d /or

25 . 7 1 8 ,4 0 0 .9 7 8 2 ,0 0 0 3. 3

h o u rs __ __ __ _ ____ ___ _ __ __D isc r im in a tio n , w a g e s , an d /or

43 1 . 2 6 , 790 . 3 1 9 4 ,0 0 0 . 8

h o u r s __ ____ __ __ _ _ _____ _ _ - - - 2 1 , 080 (3)

Union o rg an iza tio n _______ __ __ __ __ 362 9. 8 39, 600 1. 9 6 3 9 ,0 0 0 2. 7

R ec ognition __ ____________ _ _ 252 6 . 8 1 3 ,3 0 0 . 6 2 8 6 ,0 0 0 1 . 2S tren gth en in g b a rg a in in g p o s i t i o n ___ 24 . 6 1 1 ,8 0 0 . 6 2 2 8 ,0 0 0 1 . 0Union s e c u r i t y _______________________ 69 1. 9 1 1 ,4 0 0 . 6 9 8 ,5 0 0 . 4D isc r im in a tio n _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ ------- 8 . 2 290 (3 ) 1 4 ,3 0 0 . 1O ther ......... ....................................................... 9 . 2 2, 790 . 1 1 1 ,8 0 0 (3)

O ther w ork in g con dition s __ _ __ __ __ 876 23. 7 5 5 8 ,0 0 0 27. 1 3 ,4 3 0 ,0 0 0 14. 4

Jo b s e c u r i t y __ __ __ ____ __ _ __ 434 11. 7 2 5 4 ,0 0 0 12. 3 1 ,9 9 0 ,0 0 0 8 .3Shop con dition s and p o lic ie s _ __ ___ 358 9 .7 2 5 8 ,0 0 0 12. 5 1 , 1 2 0 , 0 0 0 4. 7W o rk lo ad _ __ _ ____ __ _ __ __ 81 2 . 2 4 3 ,2 0 0 2 . 1 2 9 5 .0 0 0 1 . 2O ther -------------------------------------------- 3 . 1 2, 840 . 1 2 7 ,3 0 0 . 1

In terun ion o r in trau n ion m a tte r s _______ 321 8 . 7 4 2 ,1 0 0 2 . 0 2 1 8 ,0 0 0 .9

S y m p a t h y _____________________________ 59 1 . 6 1 6 , 2 0 0 . 8 8 4 ,5 0 0 .4Union r iv a l r y 4 _______________________ 24 . 6 1 ,4 7 0 . 1 2 0 ,6 0 0 . 1Ju r i s d i c t io n 5 _ __ _ __ ____ _ 232 6 . 3 2 2 ,4 0 0 1 . 1 1 0 5 ,0 0 0 . 4Union a d m in is tr a tio n 6 _ __ ____ __ 3 . 1 1 ,5 4 0 . 1 6 , 300 (3 )O ther __ ____ _ __ __ _ __ _ __ 3 . 1 440 (3 ) 890 (3 )

Not re p o r te d __ _ __ __ ________ __ __ 39 1 . 1 3, 190 . 2 15, 500 . 1

1 Issues such as retroactivity, holidays, vacations, job classification, piece rates, incentive standards, or other related matters unaccompanied by proposals to effect general changes in wage rates are included in this category. Slightly less than a third of the stoppages in this group occurred over piece rates or incentive standards.

2 Idleness in 1958 resulting from stoppage that began in 1957.3 Less than 0.05 percent.4 Includes disputes between unions of different affiliation such as those between unions affiliated with the

AFL-CIO and nonaffiliates.5 Includes disputes between unions of the same affiliation.4 Includes disputes within a union over the administration of union affairs or regulations.NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.


1 2

TABLE 5. WORK STOPPAGES BY INDUSTRY GROUP, 1958

In d u stry g rou p

S to p p a g es beginning in 1958

M an -d ay s id le d uring 1958 (a ll s to p p a g e s)

N um ber W o rk ersin volved N um berP e r c e n t o f e st im a te d

w ork in g tim e of a l l w o r k e rs

A ll in d u s t r ie s __ _ 13 ,6 9 4 2 ,0 6 0 ,0 0 0 2 3 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 0 .2 2

M an u factu rin g _ ____________ ___ _ _____ 1 1 ,955 1 ,4 9 0 ,0 0 0 1 5 ,4 0 0 ,0 0 0 0 .3 9

P r im a r y m e ta l in d u str ie s _____ 167 1 0 2 ,000 7 1 1 ,0 0 0 .25F a b r ic a te d m e ta l p ro d u c ts , excep t

o rd n a n ce , m a c h in e ry , andtra n sp o r ta t io n equipm en t __ _ _ _ ____ 256 14 7 ,0 0 0 1 ,2 2 0 ,0 0 0 .4 6

O rdnance and a c c e s s o r i e s _ . 12 12 ,8 0 0 9 4 ,7 0 0 .29E le c t r ic a l m ac h in e ry , equ ip m en t, and

su p p lie s ____ __ __ 93 1 02 ,000 1 ,0 3 0 ,0 0 0 .3 6M a ch in ery , e x ce p t e le c t r ic a l 223 1 5 2 ,000 2 ,7 6 0 ,0 0 0 .72T ra n sp o r ta t io n equ ipm en t ___ ________________ 210 5 5 1 ,0 0 0 4 ,3 1 0 ,0 0 0 1 .0 6L u m b e r and w ood p ro d u c ts ,

e x ce p t fu rn itu re - __ __ __ ________ 69 1 8 ,200 2 8 2 ,0 0 0 . 18F u rn itu re and f ix tu r e s _________________________ 74 13 ,8 0 0 2 5 4 ,0 0 0 .2 8Ston e , c la y , and g l a s s p ro d u cts ______________ 117 4 4 ,9 0 0 1 ,2 0 0 ,0 0 0 .91T e x tile m ill p ro d u c ts _ _ _ 51 6 ,3 7 0 111 ,0 0 0 .05A p p a re l and other fin ish e d p ro d u cts m ad e

fro m fa b r ic s and s im i la r m a t e r ia l s __ ______ 126 152 ,0 0 0 1 ,1 0 0 ,0 0 0 .3 7L e a th e r and le a th e r p ro d u c ts _ _ _____ ___ 41 7 ,7 2 0 7 8 ,9 0 0 .09F o o d and k in d re d p ro d u c ts _______ _ __ _ 176 6 0 ,6 0 0 6 6 1 ,0 0 0 . 18T o b acco m a n u fa c tu re s _ _ 4 270 2 ,1 7 0 ( 2)P a p e r and a l l ie d p r o d u c t s _______ _____________ 60 18 ,1 0 0 2 5 2 ,0 0 0 .1 8P rin tin g , p u b lish in g , and a l l ie d in d u str ie s ___ 46 2 2 ,3 0 0 3 2 4 ,0 0 0 .15C h e m ic a ls and a l l ie d p ro d u c ts __ __ ------ 100 2 0 ,3 0 0 3 1 8 ,0 0 0 .15P e tro le u m re fin in g and r e la te d in d u s t r ie s ____ 16 8 ,0 9 0 1 41 ,000 .2 3R u b b er an d m isc e lla n e o u s p la s t ic s

p ro d u c ts _ __ _____ __ _ __ _____ 58 2 3 ,8 0 0 147 ,0 0 0 .2 4P r o f e s s io n a l , s c ie n t i f ic , and co n tro llin g

in stru m e n ts ; ph otograph ic and o p tica lg o o d s ; w a tch e s and c lo c k s __ _ _______-__ 27 14 ,3 0 0 2 3 3 ,0 0 0 .2 9

M isc e lla n e o u s m an u fac tu rin g in d u s t r ie s _____ 58 8 ,3 3 0 141 ,0 0 0 . 12

N onm anu fa c tur i n g _____ _____________________ 1 1 ,739 5 7 4 ,0 0 0 8 ,5 2 0 ,0 0 0 3 . 12 .

A g r ic u ltu re , fo r e s t r y , and f i s h e r i e s _________ 6 4 ,0 1 0 1 4 ,300 I 4)M ining __ _____ _ ___ ____ 168 3 8 ,6 0 0 3 0 2 ,0 0 0 . 1 6C o n tra c t c o n stru c tio n ___ _ 844 3 2 6 ,0 0 0 4 ,7 9 0 ,0 0 0 .71W h olesale and r e ta i l t ra d e ------ ------------- 358 5 7 ,0 0 0 9 4 2 ,0 0 0 .0 3F in a n c e , in su ra n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ------------- 8 600 4 ,5 6 0 ( 4 )T ra n sp o r ta t io n , com m u n ication , e le c t r ic ,

g a s , and sa n ita r y s e r v ic e s 242 132 ,000 2 ,2 7 0 ,0 0 0 .2 3S e r v ic e s _ _ 102 14 ,100 196 ,000 t 4 )G overnm en t . . . . . 15 1 ,720 7 ,5 1 0 ( 4)

1 S to p p a g es extending into 2 o r m o re in d u stry g ro u p s h av e been counted in each in d u stry grou p a ffe c te d ; w o r k e rs in vo lved and m an -d ay s id le w e re a llo c a te d to the r e s p e c t iv e g ro u p s .

2 L e s s than 0 .0 0 5 p e rc e n t.3 E x c lu d e s govern m en t.4 Not a v a ila b le .

N O TE: B e c a u se of rounding, su m s o f in d iv id ual ite m s m ay not eq u al to ta ls .


13

TABLE 6. WORK STOPPAGES BY REGION,1 1958 AND 1957

Region

Stoppages beginning in

W orkers involved in stoppages beginning in

Man-days idle during

(ail stoppages)

P ercen t of estim ated working tim e of all

w orkers in

1958 1957 1958 1957 1958 1957 1958 1957

United States ....... ............. * 3 , 69 4 * 3 , 6 7 3 2 , 0 6 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,3 9 0 ,0 0 0 2 3 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 6 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0 0 .2 2 0 . 1 4

282 279 7 8 ,6 0 0 8 3 ,5 0 0 8 5 6 ,0 0 0 9 1 4 ,0 0 0 0. 11 0 .1 11 ,1 2 7 1, 138 5 1 0 ,0 0 0 3 0 1 ,0 0 0 5 , 1 9 0 ,0 0 0 4 , 0 0 0 ,0 0 0 .2 0 . 15

E ast North Central ------- 1 ,0 5 0 915 9 2 8 ,0 0 0 4 5 4 ,0 0 0 9 ,5 3 0 ,0 0 0 4 ,6 4 0 ,0 0 0 .3 9 . 18W est North C entral 322 26 5 9 9 ,6 0 0 9 0 ,5 0 0 1 ,4 4 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,4 1 0 ,0 0 0 . 17 . 16South A tlantic --- ------- 411 412 1 2 8 ,0 0 0 1 3 6 ,0 0 0 1 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,3 1 0 ,0 0 0 . 11 .0 9E ast South C e n tr a l---------- 2 0 7 251 6 6 ,8 0 0 8 4 ,9 0 0 8 3 7 ,0 0 0 9 3 0 ,0 0 0 . 16 . 17W est South C en tra l--------- - 197 165 6 6 ,3 0 0 6 9 ,3 0 0 1 ,3 7 0 ,0 0 0 8 7 9 ,0 0 0 . 16 . 10Mountain - ............ ............ 141 117 3 6 ,3 0 0 3 2 ,1 0 0 6 2 2 ,0 0 0 3 4 4 ,0 0 0 . 19 . 10P a c i f i c --- --- -------- - 330 308 1 4 6 ,0 0 0 1 3 6 ,0 0 0 2 , 5 5 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,0 5 0 ,0 0 0 .2 1 . 17

1 The regions u sed in this study include: New EnglandConnecticut, M aine, M assach u setts, New H am pshire,Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle A tlantic New J ersey , New York, and Pennsylvania; E ast North C entral Illin o is, Indiana, M ichigan, Ohio, and W isconsin; W est North Central-Iowa, K ansas, M innesota, M issou ri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; South A tlantic D elaw are, D istr ic t of Columbia, F lorida, G eorgia, M aryland, North C arolina, South C arolina, V irginia, and W est Virginia; E ast South C entral Alabama, Kentucky, M ississ ip p i, and Tennessee; W est South Central A rkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; MountainA rizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New M exico, Utah, and Wyoming; and P a cific C alifornia, Oregon, and Washington.

a Stoppages extending a c ro ss State lin es have been counted in each State affected; w orkers involved and man- days idle w ere allocated among the States.

NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals.


14

TABLE 7. WORK STOPPAGES BY STATE, 1958

Stoppages beginning in 1958

Man-days idle during 1958 (a ll stoppages)

State

Number W orkersinvolved Number

P ercen t of estim ated

working tim e of a ll w orkers

United States 13 ,6 9 4 2 , 0 6 0 ,0 0 0 2 3 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 0 .2 2

A la b a m a _ _ . 72 1 2 ,1 0 0 1 3 0 ,0 0 0 0 .0 9A riz o n a _ 15 2 ,4 0 0 4 8 ,4 0 0 .0 9A rk a n sa s 26 4 ,4 7 0 5 7 ,0 0 0 .0 8C alifornia _ _ 221 7 3 ,1 0 0 1 ,1 3 0 ,0 0 0 . 12C o lo r a d o ______________________________________ 23 8 ,7 7 0 2 6 7 ,0 0 0 .2 9C on n ecticu t 53 1 7 ,3 0 0 2 0 9 ,0 0 0 . 10D e law are 17 1 3 ,2 0 0 9 2 ,4 0 0 .2 8

D istr ict of C olu m b ia________________________ __ 13 1 ,9 5 0 2 8 ,8 0 0 .0 5F lo r id a _ _ ___ __ _ 91 3 1 ,4 0 0 444, 300 . 18Georgia _ _ 38 2 5 ,9 0 0 3 0 6 ,0 0 0 .1 5Idaho __ 8 1 ,2 2 0 2 2 ,2 0 0 .0 8Illinois __ ___ 230 1 0 3 ,0 0 0 1 ,7 2 0 ,0 0 0 .2 3Indiana 108 1 2 9 ,0 0 0 8 8 4 ,0 0 0 .3 0Towa _ . 69 2 1 ,6 0 0 2 2 9 ,0 0 0 . 17

Kansas 33 1 2 ,0 0 0 1 0 6 ,0 0 0 . 10Kentucky 63 2 8 ,7 0 0 4 1 7 ,0 0 0 .3 2Louisiana _ ___ 68 2 3 ,6 0 0 2 9 5 ,0 0 0 . 18M aine _ _ _ _ 15 2 ,2 7 0 2 8 ,2 0 0 .0 5Maryland . _ __ _ . ___ 36 9 ,4 1 0 1 2 7 ,0 0 0 .0 7M assachusetts __ 164 4 9 ,0 0 0 5 0 4 ,0 0 0 .1 3Michigan _ _____ _ _ _ _ 275 4 3 7 ,0 0 0 3 ,4 0 0 ,0 0 0 .7 2

M in n eso ta 76 1 8 ,8 0 0 2 1 8 ,0 0 0 .11M ississip p i __ _ ___ __ __ _ 15 4 ,8 3 0 4 2 ,4 0 0 .0 6M is s o u r i____________ ____ ____ , . _____________ 109 3 8 ,3 0 0 6 7 6 ,0 0 0 .2 4Montana _ _ _ __ 23 2 ,6 0 0 4 4 ,1 0 0 . 13Nebraska ____ _______, ,.____________ ___ _____ 16 7 ,3 0 0 1 9 7 ,0 0 0 .2 8Nevada ___ 14 1 ,6 3 0 1 9 ,2 0 0 .1 1New H a m p sh ire 23 5 ,9 7 0 6 1 ,8 0 0 . 16

New J er se y ___________________________________ 260 9 6 ,9 0 0 9 3 9 ,0 0 0 .2 2New M exico 27 8 ,6 2 0 1 2 1 ,0 0 0 .2 9New Y ork .... _ . _ _ 473 2 6 4 ,0 0 0 2 ,4 3 0 ,0 0 0 .1 8North Carolina _ _ _ 28 5 ,1 1 0 7 9 ,0 0 0 . .0 3N orth D akota _ __ _ 11 1 ,2 30 1 0 ,3 0 0 .0 4Ohio __ _ _ _ _ _ 359 2 3 4 ,0 0 0 3 ,1 6 0 ,0 0 0 .4 8

Oklahoma _ - - 33 5 ,7 0 0 9 6 ,3 0 0 .0 9Oregon ... - - - 51 4 1 ,5 0 0 7 4 3 ,0 0 0 .7 7Pennsylvania __ 394 1 5 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,8 1 0 ,0 0 0 .2 2Rhode Island - - _ 19 3 ,7 0 0 4 6 ,1 0 0 .0 8South C arolina _ _ 16 3 ,0 5 0 1 8 ,5 0 0 .0 2South Dakota _ _ 8 350 5 ,6 2 0 .0 2

T enn essee - . . __ 57 2 1 ,2 0 0 2 4 8 ,0 0 0 . 14Texas __ ___ 70 3 2 ,5 0 0 9 1 7 ,0 0 0 . 17Utah ..... .................. 24 1 0 ,7 0 0 9 0 ,0 0 0 .2 0Verm ont __ _ __ _ 8 370 6 ,7 0 0 .0 3V irginia __ _ _ _ 47 1 2 ,5 0 0 1 6 6 ,0 0 0 .0 8Washington 58 3 1 ,6 0 0 6 8 0 ,0 0 0 .4 3

W est V irginia _ 125 2 6 ,0 0 0 2 4 1 ,0 0 0 .2 3W iscon sin _ . - . 78 2 5 ,6 0 0 3 6 4 ,0 0 0 .1 5Wyoming . ___ 7 350 1 0 ,6 0 0 .0 6

1 Stoppages extending a c r o s s State lin es have been counted in each State affected; w orkers involved and m an-days id le w ere allocated among the States.

NOTE: B ecause of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals.


15

TABLE 8. WORK STOPPAGES BY METROPOLITAN AREA, 19581

M etropolitan area


1958

Number W orkers involved

Akron, O hio--------------- 37 1 3 ,1 0 0Albany-Schenectady-

Troy, N. Y . --------- 28 6, 830Albuquerque, N. M e x . --- 10 2, 170Allentow n-B ethlehem -

Easton, P a . ------------- 32 8, 870

A m arillo, T e x . ----------- 6 200Atlanta, G a . --- ---- ------ 21 2 2 ,3 0 0Auburn - Lewi s ton,

Maine ------------------- 7 1 ,0 6 0B altim ore, Md. -------- 18 6 ,2 4 0Baton Rouge, L a . -------- 8 1 0 ,5 0 0

Bay City, M ic h .---------- 12 4 ,2 70B illin gs, M o n t .----------- 9 250Binghamton, N. Y. ------ 7 1 ,0 0 0Birm ingham, A la .----- - 21 2, 360Boston, M a s s . ---------- 70 24, 300

Bridgeport, C o n n .------- 8 1, 560Buffalo, N. Y. 57 47, 300Canton, O hio-------------- 16 9, 880C harleston, S. C . ------ 10 1 ,1 9 0C harleston, W. V a .------ 18 3, 610

C harlotte, N. C. --------- 10 940Chattanooga, T e n n .------ 10 4, 610Chicago, H I .-------------- 110 8 9 ,1 0 0Cincinnati, O h io ---------- 38 16, 100C leveland, O h io ---------- 49 6 6 ,5 0 0

Columbus, Ga. ------------ 8 660Columbus, Ohio ------ 22 15, 600Corpus C hristi, T e x .--- 5 890D allas, T e x .-------------- 12 1 ,1 5 0Davenport, Iowa-Rock

Is land-M oline, I I I .------ 13 10, 700

Dayton, O h io ------------- 2 4 2 7 ,9 0 0Decatur, I I I .-------------- 11 3, 520Denver, C o lo .------------ 13 1 ,2 0 0Des M oines, Io w a -------- 19 7, 540Detroit, M i c h . ------------ 163 2 9 2 ,0 0 0

Duluth, Minn. -Superior, W i s . --------- 13 1 ,5 6 0

Elm ira, N. Y. 8 1 ,8 0 0E rie, Pa. ----------------- 10 1 ,2 2 0E vansville, In d .--------- 13 1 1 ,7 0 0

F all R iver, M a s s .-------- 17 5, 160Flint, M ich .---- 20 6 3 ,5 0 0F ort Smith, Ark. --------- 6 1 ,0 2 0Fort Worth, T e x . -------- 10 4, 120F resno, C a l i f . ------------ 8 950

Grand Rapids, Mich. ----- 23 1 0 ,2 0 0Green Bay, W i s . --------- 5 200G reensboro-H igh

Point, N. C . ------------ 9 1, 740Hamilton-M iddletown,

O h io ---------------------- 6 6, 040

H arrisburg, P a . --------- 10 350Hartford, Conn. ---------- 10 3 ,2 0 0Houston, Tex. - ............... - 16 10, 700Huntington, W. Va. -

Ashland, K y . ------ 13 990

Indianapolis, I n d . -------- 16 1 7, 400Jackson, M i c h .----- ----- 13 4, 150Jacksonville, F l a . ------- 13 2, 170Johnstown, P a . ----------- 9 1, 720K alamazoo, Mich. ----- 11 1 ,9 7 0

See footnote at end of table.

Man-days idle during 1958

(a ll stoppages)M etropolitan area


1958Man-days idle

during 1958

NumberWorkersinvolved

(all stoppages)

8 6 ,0 0 0 Kansas City, M o .------ 33 16, 800 1 7 2 ,0 0 0Kenosha, W i s . --------- 8 2, 510 1 2 ,2 0 0

6 4 ,6 0 0 Kings ton-Newburgh-2 3 ,2 0 0 Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 16 1 ,4 4 0 2 4 ,2 0 0

Knoxville, T enn .------- 10 7, 560 9 1 ,4 0 01 0 2 ,0 0 0 La C ro sse, W i s . ------ 7 1 ,4 1 0 24, 400

2 ,9 8 0 L ancaster, P a . -------- 5 2 ,0 6 0 7, 5002 6 8 ,0 0 0 Lansing, M ich .--------- 8 1 2 ,9 0 0 1 3 3 ,0 0 0

L aw rence, M a s s . ------ 7 1 ,1 3 0 1 1 ,7 0 01 5 ,0 0 0 Lim a, O hio----------- 6 3, 000 3 8 ,2 0 08 2 ,0 0 0 L ittle Rock-North

1 0 5 ,0 0 0 Little Rock, A r k . ---- 6 1 ,9 9 0 1 9 ,0 0 0

4 5 ,6 0 0 Lor ain-E lyr ia ,O h io ------------------- 15 7 ,2 6 0 1 5 1 ,0 0 0

2 7, 000 Los A ngeles-L ongBeach, C a l i f .--------- 96 3 3 ,8 0 0 4 6 8 ,0 0 0

3 0 0 ,0 0 0 L o u isville, K y . ---- 24 2 4 ,9 0 0 3 8 8 ,0 0 0

8, 0004 0 1 ,0 0 0 Low ell, M a s s . --------- 7 760 8, 0501 4 3 ,0 0 0 M anchester, N. H . ---- 6 500 3, 330

8, 640 M em phis, Tenn. ------- 13 3, 690 6 1 ,2 0 02 6 ,2 0 0 M iam i, F la. ----------- 25 1 3 ,3 0 0 7 6 ,6 0 0

1 9 ,2 0 0 M ilwaukee, W i s . ------ 31 1 0 ,4 0 0 2 0 4 ,0 0 034, 700 M inneapolis -St.

7 5 5 ,0 0 0 Paul, M in n .----------- 49 1 3 ,0 0 0 128, 000217, 000 M obile, A l a . ---------- 8 230 6, 010

1 ,0 4 0 ,0 0 0 Muncie, I n d .------------ 7 2, 780 3 3 ,5 0 0

4 ,2 1 0i l c nnn M uskegon, M ic h .------ 8 3, 890 2 0 ,0 0 0lOD, UUU N ashville, T enn .------- 16 2 ,9 7 0 4 1 ,4 0 0

1 1 ,4 0 0 New Bedford, M a s s .--- 8 1 ,2 9 0 1 0 ,9 0 01 5 ,8 0 0 New Haven, C o n n .----- 12 3, 850 3 4 ,1 0 0

1 2 2 ,0 0 0New O rleans, La. --- 2 7 4, 750 9 0 ,4 0 0

O 1 *5 AAA New York-North-2 1 3 ,0 0 0 eastern New J e r se y 48 4 227, 000 1 ,9 6 0 ,0 0 01 0 0 ,0 0 0 N orfolk-Portm outh,

4 3 ,6 0 0 V a .--------------------- 10 1 ,8 5 0 15, 60075, 900

2 ,1 2 0 ,0 0 0Oklahoma City, Okla. 12 570 4, 400

Omaha, N e b r .---------- 10 6 ,9 1 0 1 6 9 ,0 0 015, 800 P eoria, H I . ------------ 13 1 4 ,6 0 0 4 7 1 ,0 0 017, 300 Philadelphia, P a .------ 136 6 2 ,2 0 0 5 3 3 ,0 0 05 9 ,8 0 0 Phoenix, A r i z . --------- 6 470 4, 3403 8 ,9 0 0 P ittsb u rg h , P a . ------ 99 5 2 ,5 0 0 5 4 0 ,0 0 0

35, 600 P ittsfie ld , M a s s .------ . 8 420 7804 9 0 ,0 0 0 Portland, Or e g . -------- 2 7 2 3 ,2 0 0 417, 000

6, 680 P rovidence, R. I . ------ 19 2 ,9 6 0 4 0 ,2 0 02 7, 400 Pueblo, Colo. ------- 5 960 8, 680

7 ,2 6 0 Racine, W i s . ----------- 5 990 4, 560

1 1 3 ,0 0 0 Raleigh, N. C . -------- 5 300 4, 220930 Reading, P a . --------- 12 2, 890 2 9 ,0 0 0

Richmond, V a . --------- 8 690 5, 9301 0 ,8 0 0 Roanoke, V a . -------- 5 3 70 1, 710

R ochester, N. Y. ----- 9 1 0 ,1 0 0 1 1 5 ,0 0 05 9 ,3 0 0

Rockford, I I I . ---------- 9 2, 650 2 8 ,6 0 02 ,9 5 0 Sacram ento, Calif. ---- 5 300 1 0 ,1 0 0

4 9 ,5 0 0 Saginaw, Mich. ------- - 10 1 4 ,8 0 0 1 3 0 ,0 0 0325, 000 St. L ouis, M o.-E ast

St. Louis, 1 1 1 . ------- 85 2 8 ,4 0 0 5 0 0 ,0 0 02 1 ,5 0 0

Salem , Or e g . ----------- 6 300 2, 6901 5 0 ,0 0 0 Salt Lake City, U tah--- 14 8 ,0 0 0 4 6 ,3 0 0

34, 300 San Antonio, Tex. ------ 5 2, 140 4 1 ,5 0 067, 700 San Bernardino,19, 400 Calif. 11 2, 120 1 9 ,0 0 04 4 ,8 0 0 San D iego, C a l i f .------ 12 600 12, 700


1 6

TABLE 8. WORK STOPPAGES BY METROPOLITAN AREA, 19581 Continued

M etropolitan area


1958Man-days idle

during 1958 (a ll stoppages)

M etropolitan area


1958Man-days idle

during 1958 (a ll stoppages)

NumberW orkersinvolved

Number W orkersinvolved

San F ran cisco- Trenton, N. J . --------- 2 0 8 ,9 2 0 1 3 8 ,0 0 0Oakland, C a l i f . -------- 59 1 8 ,6 0 0 2 2 5 ,0 0 0 Tulsa, O k la .------------ 15 3, 710 4 3 ,1 0 0

San Jose, C alif. ------- 13 2, 030 2 2 , 1 0 0 U tica-R om e, N. Y .---- 7 1 ,6 2 0 3 9 , 1 0 0Santa Barbara, C a l i f .--- 5 2 9 0 3, 520 W ashington, D. C . ---- 19 5, 660 1 2 3 ,0 0 0Scranton, P a . ------------ 2 0 1, 740 8 ,4 0 0 W aterbury, C o n n .----- 7 1 ,2 70 1 0 , 2 0 0

S eattle, W a s h .----------- 19 1 0 ,3 0 0 3 5 0 ,0 0 0 W aterloo, Iow a-------- 7 4, 550 2 2 ,4 0 0Sioux City, I o w a --------- 5 950 7, 500 W est Palm Beach,Sioux F a lls , S. D a k . ---- 5 2 1 0 2, 240 Fla. ........................... 7 630 4, 050South Bend, I n d .--------- 1 1 1 9 ,3 0 0 68 , 900 W heeling, W. Va-Spokane, W a s h .---------- 7 1 ,2 4 0 1 4 ,8 0 0 Steubenville, O h io --- 23 4 ,9 6 0 8 9 , 2 0 0

Springfield-H olyoke, W ichita, K a n s .--------- 5 280 1 ,3 4 0M ass. --- --------------- 15 6 , 1 2 0 3 2 ,6 0 0 W ilkes-B arre-

Springfield, I I I .---------- 7 650 8 ,4 1 0 Hazleton, P a . --------- 19 7, 710 2 0 3 ,0 0 0Stockton, C a l i f .------ --- 5 320 6 , 450 W ilmington,S yracuse, N. Y. --------- 13 3, 710 6 6 , 1 0 0 D e l . -------------------- 17 1 3 ,2 0 0 9 2 ,4 0 0

Tacoma, W a s h .---------- 8 510 3 ,4 5 0 W inston-Salem , N. C. 5 550 9 , 000Tampa-St. P etersb u rg, W orcester, M a s s . ----- 17 2 ,6 5 0 5 5 ,1 0 0

Fla 1 Q 1 1 9 0 1 7 ,3 0 0 9 1 ,2 6 0 3 1 ,8 0 0A 7Toledo, O hio------------- 2 2 9! 790 2 6 2 , 0 0 0 Youngstown, Ohio------ 43 IQ* 900 1 0 5 ,0 0 0

1 The table includes data for each of the m etropolitan areas that had 5 or m ore stoppages in 1958.Some m etropolitan area s include counties in m ore than 1 State, and hence, an area total m ay equal or ex

ceed the total for the State in which the m ajor city is located.Stoppages in the m ining and logging industries are excluded from this table.Interm etropolitan area stoppages are counted separately in each area affected with the w orkers involved and

m an-days id le allocated to the resp ectiv e a rea s.In three str ik e s, the Bureau was not able to secu re the inform ation n e c e ssa r y to m ake such allocations the

stoppage of se v e r a l thousand garm ent w orkers in northeastern P ennsylvania in m id-A pril, the stoppage of d rivers of a bus line in 22 w estern and m idw estern States which began in July, and the October stoppage of deck officers and crew m em bers on p assen ger and dry cargo v e s s e ls at A tlantic and Gulf C oast ports.

TABLE 9. WORK STOPPAGES BY AFFILIATION OF UNIONS INVOLVED, 19581

A ffiliation

Stoppages beginning in 1958 Man-da^during

ys idle 1958

p ages)

NumberP ercen t

oftotal

W orkers involved (all stop

NumberP er te n t

oftotal

NumberP ercen t

oftotal

Total - - - 3, 694 100. 0 2 , 0 6 0 ,0 0 0 100. 0 2 3 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 . 0

AFL-CIO 2 ,8 6 9 77. 7 1 ,8 2 0 ,0 0 0 8 8 . 2 2 0 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0 8 6 . 0U naffiliated u n io n s ------------------------- 712 19. 3 1 9 8 , 0 0 0 9 . 6 2 ,4 8 0 , 0 0 0 1 0 .4Single firm u n io n s ------------------- 13 . 4 5, 720 . 3 1 2 3 ,0 0 0 . 5D ifferent affiliations 2 ------ ------------- 70 1 .9 3 8 ,2 0 0 1 .9 7 3 8 ,0 0 0 3. 1No union in v o lv e d ----------------- ------- 25 . 7 1 ,2 7 0 . 1 8 ,2 4 0 (3)Not reported -------- --- --- --------------- 5 . 1 250 (3) 830 n

1 The International Brotherhood of T e a m ster s, the Bakery and C onfectionery W orkers, and the Laundry W orkers unions, expelled by the AFL-CIO in D ecem ber 1957, are c la s sifie d in this table as unaffiliated unions. C om parisons with data for previous yea rs should take this fact into account.

Includes work stoppages involving unions of different affiliations either 1 or m ore affiliated with AFL-CIO and 1 or m ore unaffiliated unions, or 2 or m ore unaffiliated un ions.

3 L e ss than 0 .0 5 percent.

NOTE: B ecause of rounding, sum s of individual item s may not equal totals.


17TABLE 10. WORK STOPPAGES BY NUMBER OF WORKERS INVOLVED, 1958

Number of w orkers

Stoppages beginning in 1958 Man-days idle during 1958

(all stoppages)

NumberP ercen t

oftotal

W orkers involved

NumberP ercent

oftotal

NumberP ercent

oftotal

A ll w o rk e rs 3 ,6 9 4 1 0 0 .0 2 , 0 6 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 2 3 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0

6 and under 20 _ ___ 646 1 7 .5 7 ,7 9 0 0 .4 1 1 9 ,0 0 0 0 .520 and under 100 _ _ 1 ,4 0 6 38. 1 6 8 ,2 0 0 3 .3 1 ,1 0 0 ,0 0 0 4 . 6100 and under 250 705 19. 1 1 1 1 ,0 0 0 5 . 4 1 ,5 7 0 ,0 0 0 6 .6250 and under 500 ______________________ 371 1 0 .0 1 2 7 ,0 0 0 6 .2 1 ,5 3 0 ,0 0 0 6 . 4500 and under 1 ,0 0 0 234 6 . 3 1 6 0 ,0 0 0 7 .8 1 ,7 2 0 ,0 0 0 7 .21 ,0 0 0 and under 5 ,0 0 0 ___ _ 279 7 . 6 5 4 8 ,0 0 0 2 6 .6 5 ,2 8 0 ,0 0 0 22. 15 ,0 0 0 and under 1 0 ,0 0 0 32 .9 2 1 6 ,0 0 0 1 0 .5 2 ,0 2 0 ,0 0 0 8 . 41 0 ,0 0 0 and o v e r --- 21 .6 8 2 3 ,0 0 0 4 0 .0 1 0 ,6 0 0 ,0 0 0 4 4 .2

NOTE: B ecause of rounding, sum s of individual item s may not equal totals.

TABLE 11. WORK STOPPAGES BY NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS INVOLVED, 1958

Number of estab lish m en ts involved1

i Stoppages beginning in 1958 Man-days idle during 1958

(a ll stoppages)

N um berP ercen t

oftotal

W orkers involved

NumberP ercen t

oftotal

NumberP ercen t

oftotal

T o ta l _ _ _ _ ___ - - - 3 ,6 9 4 100. 0 2 ,0 6 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 2 3 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0

1 establishm ent 2 ,7 5 1 7 4 .5 7 1 9 ,0 0 0 3 4 .9 6 , 160 ,0 0 0 2 5 .82 to 5 estab lish m en ts 4 6 4 1 2 .6 2 3 1 ,0 0 0 11 .2 2 ,9 7 0 ,0 0 0 1 2 .46 to 10 e s ta b lish m e n ts 157 4 . 3 9 3 ,1 0 0 4 .5 1 ,1 0 0 ,0 0 0 4 . 611 e s ta b lish m e n ts o r m o re 308 8 . 3 1 ,0 1 0 ,0 0 0 4 8 .8 1 3 ,6 0 0 ,0 0 0 5 6 .7

11 to 49 estab lish m en ts 156 4 . 2 2 0 4 ,0 0 0 9 .9 3 ,1 4 0 ,0 0 0 1 3 .250 to 99 estab lish m en ts ^ 31 .8 1 1 3 ,0 0 0 5 . 5 1 ,1 2 0 ,0 0 0 4 . 7100 estab lish m en ts or m o r e _________ 29 .8 6 0 6 ,0 0 0 2 9 .4 7 ,6 3 0 ,0 0 0 3 2 .0Exact number not known2 92 2 . 5 8 2 ,8 0 0 4 . 0 1 ,6 6 0 ,0 0 0 6 .9

Not re p o r te d 14 .4 1 2 ,000 .6 1 1 1 ,000 .5

1 An establishm ent is defined a s a sin gle physical location w here b u sin ess is conducted or w here s e r v ic e s or industrial operations a re perform ed; for exam ple, a factory, m ill, sto r e , m ine, or farm . A stoppage may involve 1, 2 , or m ore estab lish m en ts of a sin gle em ployer or it m ay involve different em p loyers.

2 Inform ation available in d icates m ore than 11 estab lish m en ts involved in each of these stoppages.

NOTE: B ecause of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals.


1 8

TABLE 12. WORK STOPPAGES BEGINNING IN 1958 INVOLVING 10,000 OR MORE WORKERS

Beginningdate

Approxim ate

duration (calendar

d a y s )1

E stab lishm en t(s) and location

U nion(s) involved 2

Approxim ate

number of w orkers involved 2

Major term s of se tt le m e n t3

January 9 5 M illin ery and hat fram e m anufacturing com panies, 7 States: III. , Md. ,M ass. , Mo. , N. J. ,N. Y. , and Pa.

United H atters, Cap, and M illin ery W orkers Int'l. Union.

2 2 ,0 0 0 2-y ea r agreem ents providing pay in crea se of $ 5 for w eekw orkers and 5 percent for p iecew ork ers on a 35-hour w e e k ; extension of paid holidays to p iecew orkers; lib e r a lized overtim e provisions; 2 p ercent in crea se in em ployer contributions to vacation fund to provide second w eek's paid vacation; inc rea se in em ployer contributions to b o t h the retirem en t and w elfare funds; and, in area s w here the 40- hour w eek prevailed, a reduction of the workweek to 37*/* hours with no lo ss in pay. (Some of these supplem entary benefits w ere not to b e com e effective until 1959. )

February 2 4 4 53 D ress industry, 8 States: Conn., Md., M a ss., N. J., N. Y., P a ., R. I., and Vt.

Int'l. L a d ies1 Garment W ork ers1 Union.

1 0 5 ,0 0 0 3-year contracts providing d irect pay ra ise of 8 percent; overtim e for piecew ork ers after 7 hours a day and 35 hours a w eek instead of after 40 hours; extension of 6Y* paid h o lidays to a ll p iecew ork ers beginning in 1959; and a severan ce pay plan. Under this plan em ployers contribute 0. 5 percent of p ayroll begin ning in 1958, with benefits beginning in I960; tightened procedures on contract enforcem ent, nonunion work, and jobber-contractor r e la tionships.

May 1 *4 8 C onstruction industry, C leveland, and L orain* E ly ria , Ohio, and Geauga County, Ohio.

Building trades unions.

3 0 ,0 0 0 3-year contract providing im m ediate wage in crea se of 9 cents an hour; 6 cents on January 1, 1959; 10 cen ts, May 1, 1959; and 12 cents on May 1, I9 6 0 . The settlem en t a lso called for full union coop eration on a program to in crea se p roductivity which includes an 8-hour day for a ll trad es, elim ination of coffee breaks, payment by check, elim in ation of restr ic tio n s on m aximum amount of work in a day; and elim ination of restr ic tio n s on the u se of m achinery.

June 2 6 C onstruction industry, Buffalo, N. Y.

Intl. Hod C arriers ', Building and Common Lab o r e r s 1 Union.

2 0 ,0 0 0 2 -year agreem ent providing 3 5- c e n t hourly in crea se distributed over 2 years as follow s: 1 2 l/j-cen t hourly wage in crea se and 2 V*-cent hourly contribution to the w elfare fund, b o t h effective J u n e 1958; 5 cents an hour D ecem ber 1, 1958, 10 cents June 1, 1959 , and an additional 5 cents D ecem ber 1, 1959. The union has the option of taking either the 15-cent hourly in crea se for 1959 or an in crea se to be worked out June 1, 1959 , under a form ula se t up for the com m ercial con stru ction field in the area. The a g r e e m ent a lso contains a general job se cu rity arrangem ent designed to a ssu re fu llest p o ssib le em ploym ent.

June 16 6 54 Construction industry, Albany, Binghamton, E lm ira, Niagara F a lls , R och ester, Schenectady, Syracuse, and U tica, N. Y.

Int'l. A s so c ia tion of B ridge, Structural and Ornamental Iron W orkers*

1 0 ,0 0 0 2-y ea r c o n t r a c t providing 15 cents per hour in crea se, r etro a ctive to June 1, 1958, with additional 12Va-cent in crea se June 1, 1959. F ringe benefits include 8 cents a

See footnotes at end of table.


19

TABLE 12. WORK STOPPAGES BEGINNING IN 1958 INVOLVING 10,000 OR MORE WORKERS Continued

Beginningdate

A pproxim ate

duration (calendar

d a y s )1

E stablishm ent(s) and location

U nion(s) involved 2

A pproxim ate

number of w orkers

involved 2

Major term s of se ttle m e n t3

June 1 6 Continued

m ile in travel allow ances, both to and from the job, up to $ 5 a day, but no t r a v e l allow ance within a 10-m ile m etropolitan free zone; w e lfare payments amounting to 2 1/a cents an hour, retroactive to June 1, 1958; pension payments of 10 cents an hour effective June 1, 1959. Two hours "show up" tim e to be paid, effective June 1, 1959; w orkers in R och ester, S yracuse, and Elm ira to get extra 2 V*-cent pay in crea se to bring sc a le up to other a rea s.

July 9 37 Construction industry, Oregon, and southw estern W ashington.

I n f l. Union of Operating Engineers; IntU. Bro. of T eam sters .

2 5 ,0 0 0 3-year contract providing identica l wage in crea ses and travel pay and adjustm ents of existing c la s s ification s and som e upgrading for the operating engineers and te a m ste rs. Hourly wage rate in crea ses p rovided as follow s: 25 cents, r etro a ctive to M arch 31, 1958; an additional 2 5 cen ts, effective M arch 31 , 1959; 15 cents in w ages, plus 10 cents in pen sion s, effective M arch 31, I9 6 0 . On travel and transportation pay, contract provides, effective March 31, 1959, 75 cents to $ 1 . 3 5 per day depending on the number of m ile s involved in travel to the job; effective M arch 31, I9 6 0 , to be in creased to $1 to $ 3 , a lso depending on m ileage.

July 28 14 G eneral E lec tr ic Co. , Appliance and T e levision R eceiver D ivision , L o u isville, Ry.

Int'l. Union of E lec tr ica l Radio and Machine W orkers .

1 0 ,0 0 0 Executive board of union voted to call off the strik e and urged m em b ers to return to work and to continue to p ro cess grievances through established m achinery.

August 11 37 W estern trucking industry, 11 States: A riz. , C alif. , Colo. , Idaho, Mont. , Nev. , N. Mex. , Oreg. , Utah, Wash. , and Wyo.

Int*l. Bro. of T eam sters.

3 0 ,0 0 0 Local cartage. 3-year agreem ent providing 20 cents an hour, including 10 cents an hour retroactive to May 1, 1958; additional deferred in crea ses varying by area; s e m iannual esca la to r clause; eighth paid holiday; third w eek vacation after 12 years; 10 cents an hour com pany payment to pension fund (form erly 5 cen ts).

O ver-the-road. 3-year a g r e e m ent providing 10 cents an hour or V4 cents a m ile; additional 10 cents an hour or V4 cents a m ile effective May 1, 1959 and May 1, I960; other changes sam e as local cartage.

August 25 50 Construction industry, Houston and G alveston, Tex.

United Bro. of C arpenters and J o in e r s.

1 1 ,0 0 0 21-month a g r e e m e n t providing im m ediate in crea se of 18Va cents an hour, and another in crea se of 18 cents an hour July 1, 1959.

Septem ber 3 2 Inland Steel Co. , Harbor W orks, E ast Chicago, Ind.

United S te e lw orkers .

1 6 ,0 0 0 P ickets withdrawn on order of international union.

Septem ber 1 7 7 13 Ford Motor Co. , com panywide, 15 States .

United Autom obile w orkers .

7 5 ,0 0 0 A greem ent reached on m aster c o n t r a c t Septem ber 17: 3-year agreem ent renewing a n n u a l im provem ent f a c t o r and esca la to r clau se, retroactive to sp ec ific dates



2 0


Beginningdate

A pproxim ate

duration (calendar

d ays) 1

E stablishm ents (s) and location

Union(s) involved 2

A pproxim ate

number of w orkers

involved 2

Major term s of se ttle m e n t2

Septem ber 17 Continued

in 1 9 5 8; 15 of 24-cen t cost-of- living allow ance incorporated into b ase rates; an additional 8 cents an hour for skilled em ployees; sup- p l e m e n t a l unemploym ent benefits in creased to 65 percent of straight- tim e take-hom e pay for entire p e riod of layoff (form erly 65 percent for f ir s t 4 w eeks and 60 percent for rem ainder); pension benefits in creased from $ 2 .2 5 to $ 2 .4 0 a month for each y e a r of se r v ic e prior to January 1, 1958; $ 2 .4 3 for 1958; and beginning January 1, 1959, $ 2 . 50 a month for future years of service; other changes in pension plan; severan ce pay feature added to SUB plan; in crea se in third shift differentials; jury pay; lib e r alized health and insurance benefits and pay for Saturday work.

D etails of plant iss u e s and s e ttlem ents not available.

October 2 *2 6 General M otors Corp. , com panyw ide,18 States.

United Autom obile W orkers.

2 7 5 ,0 0 0 A greem ent reached on m aster contract October 2: Sim ilar to Ford settlem en t (annual im provem ent fa c tor, escalation , in crease to skilled w ork ers, severan ce pay, im proved pension benefits); a lso fund esta b lish ed to reduce wage rate d ifferen tials among GM plants; 5 cents additional to w orkers on continuous operations.

D etails of plant iss u e s and s e ttlem ents not available.

October 2 9 30 General M otors Corp. , 4 States: III. , N. J. , N. Y. , and Ohio .

Intl. Union of E lec tr ica l, Radio, and m achine w o rk ers.

25 , 000 A greem ent reached on m aster contract October 8: 3-year a g r e e ment; c h a n g e s sim ila r to UAW contract.

D etails of plant issu e s and s e ttlem ents not available.

October 6 (i) Libbey- Owens - Ford G lass Co. and Pittsburgh P late G lass Co. , 8 States: III. , La. , Md. , Mo. , Ohio, Okla. , Pa. , and W. Va.

United G lass and C eram ic W orkers.

2 0 ,0 0 0 Libbey-Owens-Ford G lass Co. 2- year agreem ent reached October 25, providing 8-cent hourly general in c r ea se effective October 1, 1958; 8 cents an hour general in crease effective October 2 5 , 1959; in crea se of 4 cents an hour to em ployees not covered by incentive plans, e ffe c tive October 1958 and October 1959; pension benefits in creased from $2 a month to $ 2 . 2 5 a month for each year of past se r v ic e , $ 2 .5 0 a month for future se r v ic e , and $ 2 .2 0 a month for presen t r e tir e e s .

P i t t s b u r g h Plate G lass Co. 2-y ea r agreem ent reached F ebruary 16, 1959, providing pay in crea se of 8 cents per hour to incentive w orkers; 12 cents per hour to m ain tenance and nonincentive workers; m inim um rate of $ 2 . 0 5 per hour. E ffective 1 year from date of ra tification, sam e in crea ses as above;



2 1


Beginningdate

Approxim ate

duration (calendar

d a y s)1

E sta b lish m en t and location

October 6 Continued

s) Union(s) involved a

Approxim ate

number of w orkers

involved *

Major term s of settlem ent

new m inimum rate $ 2 .1 7 . P ension benefits i n c r e a s e d sim ila r to Libbey-O wens-Ford G lass Co.; d is ability benefits a lso in creased .

Job secu rity and incentive iss u e s to go to arbitration.

October 11 51 C aterpillar Tractor Co. , E ast P eoria , and Morton, III.


3 ,0 0 0 3-year agreem ent providing 6 to 15 cents retroactive to August 4, a 1-cent in crease in the cost-of- living allow ance for the period Septem ber 1-Novem ber 30, 1958, and an a d d i t i o n a l 1-cent general in c r ea se effective D ecem ber 1. Additional 6- and 7-cent wage in crea ses w ere scheduled for October 1959 and I960 . Other changes included lib eralized vacation pay for em ployees with 10 to 15 years' s e r v ice, in creased p e n s i o n b en efits, lib era lized SUB plan, health and insurance b en efits, and jury pay.

N ovem ber 11

Novem ber 13

Novem ber 18

6 C hrysler C o r p .,6 States: Calif. , Del. , Ga. , Ind. , Kans. , and M ich .11

United Autom obile W orkers (office, cler ic a l, and engineering e m p lo y e e s).

( u ) International H arv e ster Co. ,6 States: Calif. ,III. , Ind. , Ky. , Ohio, and Tenn.


6 Bendix Aviation Corp. ,5 States: Calif. , Ind. , Mich. , N. J. , and N. Y.


5 6 ,0 0 0 3-year agreem ent providing 3- percent annual-im provem ent-factor in crea se (production w orkers ' contract provided 2. 5 percent); m in imum w eekly in crea se of $ 2 .5 3 ; adjustm ent of sa lary inequities, and m ore lib era l provision relating to seniority, job tran sfer, and p rotection against d isplacem ent by automation; severan ce pay, SUB, pension, health and insurance changes sim ila r to Ford settlem ent.

3 2 .0 0 0 3-year agreem ent providing 2 1/* p ercent in crease (6 cent m inim um ), effective August 23 , 1958, Septem ber 14, 1959, and October 3, I960; additional 4 to 8 cents to skilled trad es, 8 cents to apprentice able trad es, and a d j u s t m e n t for in eq u alities and job evaluation; 15 of 25-cen t co st-of-liv in g allowance in corporated into base rates and e s calator clau se continued; im proved SUB plan and established sep a ra tion pay s i m i l a r to UAW-Ford agreem ent; lib eralization of pension, health and w elfare and v a ca tion plans.

1 3 . 0 0 0 3-year contract providing for annual im provem ent factor of 6 cents an hour; additional 8-cent in crea se for skilled workers; 1-cent cost- of-living adjustm ent, retroactive to Septem ber I; im proved supplem ental unem ploym ent, insurance, and pension b en efits.

Novem ber 21 16 Trans World A irlines Inc. , 2 4 States .

Int'l. A s so ciation of M achinists.

1 4 , 0 0 0 3 -year agreem ent providing 8- to 15-cent hourly in crea se retr o a c tive to October 1, 1957; 3 to 7 cen ts, retroactive to A pril 1, 1958, and 10 to 19 cents effective O ctober 1, 1958; additional 7 to 12 cents e ffe c tive October 1, 1959; severan ce pay after 2 y ea rs' se r v ic e 1 week for each y e a r 's se r v ic e to m aximum of 8; im m ediate payment for te c h nological d isplacem ent and a f t e r 4' months for other c a u se s.



2 2


Beginningdate

Approximate

duration (calendar days)1

Establishment(s) and location

Union(s) involved 8

Approximate

number of workers involved 8

Major terms of settlement3

1 ----- .

November 24 38 Eastern Air Lines, Inc. , 25 States.

Flight Engineers ' Int'l. Association and Int'l. Association of Machinists.

14,000 Agreement to waive requirement that flight engineers have pilot training; other settlement terms called for increase of about $100 a month on piston-powered aircraft; monthly scale of approximately $1, 140 for turbo-prop flights, and about $1,368 monthly for jet airliners to be introduced in I960; liberalized pension plan based on company-employee contributions.

3-year agreement (mechanics and other ground service employees) providing 7-14-cent hourly increase retroactive to October 1, 1957; 3 to 6 cents retroactive to April 1, 1958; and 10 to 18 cents effective October 1, 1958; additional 6 to 11 cents effective October 1, 1959; establishment of severance pay after 2 years' service effective after 4 months layoff 1 week for each year of service to maximum of 8 weeks.

December 8 20 Publishers Association of New York (9 newspapers),New York, N. Y.

Newspaper and MailDeliverers' Union.

14,000 2-year agreement providing $7- a-week "package" increase distributed over 2 years; $3. 55-a-week pay increase the first year, additional $1.75 in the second; remainder of the package 45 cents a week in the first year and $1.25 in the second-allocated for a ninth paid holiday (Columbus Day) and for 3 days of sick or other personal leave, respectively; union has the option of allocating any portion of either year's wage increase for welfare and pension fund contribution.

I Includes nonworkdays, such as Saturdays, Sundays, and established holidays.a The unions listed are those d irectly involved in the dispute, but the number of w orkers involved m ay in

clude m em bers of other unions or nonunion w orkers idled by the dispute in the sam e establishm ent."W orkers involved" is the m axim um number m ade idle for 1 shift or longer in estab lish m en ts d irectly in

volved in a stoppage. This figure does not m easu re the indirect or secondary effe cts on other estab lish m en ts or ind ustries w hose em ployees are m ade idle as a resu lt of m ateria l or se r v ic e sh ortages.

3 The monthly Current Wage Deve