Bladder CancerUrinary Tract System

Bladder Cancer

What are some types of bladder cancer?

Transitional cell (urothelial) carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

Adenocarcinoma

Bladder Cancer

What causes bladder cancer?

There is not really a know reason as to what the causes are, but the following are some risk factors:Cigarette smokingOccupational exposureChronic bladder irritationAgeGenderRacePersonal historyFamily history &Parasite infections

Bladder Cancer

What are some symptoms?Visible blood in the urine

Hematuria - the presence of microscopic red blood cells (RBCs) in the urine.

Painful urination

Urgency - frequently feeling the need to urinate without results.

Frequent urination

Pelvic or flank pain

Bladder Cancer

How is bladder cancer determined?Rectal or vaginal examinationCystoscopyIntravenous pyelogram (IVP)Lab testsBladder tumor marker studiesUltrasoundComputed tomography scan

Bladder Cancer

What are the stages of bladder cancer?Stage O

Stage I

Stage II

Stage III

Stage IV

Bladder Cancer

Treatments?

Surgery

Radiation therapy

Chemotherapy

Biological therapy

Clinical trials

Bladder Cancer

Are there ways to try to prevent bladder cancer?

Don’t smoke

Don’t play with chemicals

Drink plenty of liquids

Sarah E. Whitcombhttp://nyp.org/health/urology-bladder.html