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Dr. Xnbasf Tfngur

Nsscstnmt ZrleasslrDapnrt`amt le Hcl & Mnml Taofmlkliy,

Iuru Bn`hfasfwnr Qmcvarscty le _ocamoa &

Taofmlkliy, Fcssnr, Fnrynmn>81::>.

Cmdcn.

rtfngur33Jradcee`nck.ol`

Iamatco Amicmaarcmi le Hnotarclrfldlpscm

(Tfa Zurpka Zlwar Zrltacm)

elr c`prlvcmi cts nppkcontclms

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Hnotarclrfldlpscm (hX) cs n kcift-notcvntad

prltlm pu`p tfnt cs elr`ad wfam tfa 846

n`cml nocd prltacmHnotarcl-lpscmcs

olupkad tl tfa ofrl`lpflra nkk-trnms

ratcmnk.

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Hnotarclrfldlpscm cs n Dymn`co,

Trnms`a`hrnma Zrltacm

_avarnk trnms`a`hrnma spnmmcmi fakcoas

? Tyr rascduas flkd tfa HX cm pknoa

Xatcmnk scts nt tfa bumotclm sapnrntcmi tfa twl

fnke ofnmmaks

Mltcoa tfa Hnotarclrfldlpscm cs surrlumdad

hy Nsp nmd Nri

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Zfltlms elr Zrltlms

Hnotarclrfldlpscm tngas amariy erl` pfltlms

Tfcs amariy cs utckczad tl oranta n prltlm

irndcamt hy pu`pcmi prltlms lutscda tfa oakk.

Zrltlms nra nkklwad hnog cmtl tfa oakk hy nm NTZ

symtfnsa. Cm n mutsfakk2 Zfltlms nra usad tl plwar tfa oakk

E:E> NTZnsaF+

+ + + + + + +- - - - - - - - -

F+fv

NDZ NTZ

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_luroa le HX

HX cs prc`nrcky elumd

cm Nrofnahnotarcn

Fnklhnotarcn

snkcmnrcu`

Tfasa nra fnklpfckco

hnotarcn (c.a., tfay nra

elumd cm vary snktywntar a.i. Irant _nkt

Knga)

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Loourramoa le Fnklhnotarcn

Iamarn Fnklhnotarcn haklmicmi tl tfa fnklpfckco nrofnanirlup

nra tfa lmky iamarn tfnt olmtncm ratcmnk prltacms.

Fnklpfckco nrofnan irlup cm iamarnk irlw lm lrinmco suhstrntas nmd

raspcra cm n stnmdnrd ensfclm uscmi lxyiam. Flwavar, tfa fcif snkt

amvcrlm`amt cm wfcof tfa Fnklhnotarcn loour, nkklw lmky >/1tfnvncknhckcty le lxyiam.

Qmdar tfa nmnarlhco olmdctclms tfnt ol``lmky loour cm tfacr

fnhctnts, tfasa lrinmcs`s fnva noqucrad nktarmntcva `anms elr

amariy olmvarsclm.

Tfcs systa` dlas mlt usa ofklrlpfykk-hnsad ranotclm oamtars hut

rntfar rakcas lm ratcmnk ns n pfltlm nhslrhar nmd ratcmnk-olmtncmcmi

prltacms ns amariy trnmsduoars.

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Fnklhnotarcn fnva davaklpad n sat le elur ratcmnkprltacms,

Xfldlpscm - Hnotarclrfldlpscm

Fnklrfldlpscm - _amslry rfldlpscm

Twl le tfa` fnva samslry eumotclm,

Yfcka ltfar twl olmvart kcift amariy tl ofa`conk

amariy.

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Hnotarclrfldlpscm cs nksl elumd cm sl`aumcoakkuknr pknmts nmd sl`a eumic.

Avlkutclm fns lptc`czad tfcs prltacm elrfcif pfltlofa`conk aeecocamoy, tfar`nkstnhckcty nmd oyokcocty, ns tfa lrinmcs`

`ust ha nhka tl eumotclm cm n flt, stnimnmtnmd rasluroa-kc`ctad amvcrlm`amt.

Ct nhslrhs kcift J 19: m` (vcschka iraam

kcift)

Xad nmd Hkua kcift cs raekaotad, icvcmi`a`hrnma cts purpka olklur

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7/22/2019 Biyani Conference - Oral Presentation

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HX elr`s 8D orystnks cm vcvl, nmd tfasa onm hacslkntad ns purpka `a`hrnmas.

Tfa cslkntclm cs enockctntad hy tfa elkklwcmi2c. Fnklhnotarcnk oakks nra umstnhka cm wntar nmd oakk

kyscs loours.

cc. Tfa oakk a`hrnma cs erni`amtad, nmd tfaorystnkkcma pntofas le tfa purpka `a`hrnma nra sateraa ns erni`amts le knriast scza nmd fcifasthulynmt damscty.

Tfasa twl spaoceco eanturas nra usad cm tfa cslkntclmprloadura, actfar cm n ol`hcmntclm le sadc`amtntclmnmd cslpyomco irndcamt oamtrceuintclm kandcmi tl nprlduot le fcifast purcty, lr hy n ecktrntclmprloadura.

Hcltaofmlkliconk Zrlduotclm le HX

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Cm `lst le tfa nppkcontclms, hnotarclrfldlpscm

cs usad cm tfa Zurpka @a`hrnma (Z@) elr`,

haonusa cts kcharntclm erl` tfa orystnkkcma

pnognia raduoas hltf tfa ofa`conk nmd

tfar`ldymn`co stnhckcty.

Tfa tfraa hnsco `lkaouknr prlpartcas wfcof

`ny ha usad cm taofmconk nppkcontclms nra2

Zfltlakaotrco prlparty Zfltlofrl`co prlparty

Zrltlm trnmsplrt prlparty

Taofmconk Nppkcontclms le HX

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N scmika Z@ sfaat olmtncms savarnk tflusnmds le umcdcraotclmnkky

lrcamtad HX `lkaoukas.

Qplm ckku`cmntclm, n pfltlvlktnia up tl 81:`U par scmika

hnotarclrfldlpscm knyar cs iamarntad, nmd tfcs `ny ha usad actfar

ns nm cmdcontlr lr olmtrlk aka`amt elr vnrclus nppkcontclms.

Qplm nhslrptclm le n pfltlm, tfa hnotarclrfldlpscm `lkaoukaumdarilas n sarcas le vary rnpcd `lkaouknr ofnmias, lma le

wfcof cs tfa iamarntclm le n pfltlvlktnia.

Tfa pfltlvlktnia iamarntad onm ha anscky `ansurad hy

a`haddcmi tfa Z@ knyar hatwaam twl trnmspnramt akaotrldas.

N vlktnia cs cmduoad lmky durcmi tfa kcift cmtamscty ofnmia. Tfa

plknrcty le tfa scimnk cs dceearamt elr tfa LEELM nmd tfa LM

LEE trnmsctclm. Tfcs cs onkkad Dceearamtcnk Xasplmscvcty le Z@

knyars.

Zfltlakaotrco Zrlparty

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Cm n pcxakntad struotura wfcof

cs olntad wctf lrcamtad

hnotarclrfldlpscm,

pfltlvlktnias nra `ansuradlmky cm tflsa splts wfara n

ofnmia cm tfa kcift cmtamscty

loours.

Tfcs cs onkkad mlvakty ecktarcmi.

Zfltlakaotrco Zrlpartcas

Akaotrlmcocmtarenoa nran

Kcift samsctcva

pcxakntad nran

@lva`amtle lhbaot

Dceearamtcnk rasplmsa le samslr nrrny(mlvakty dataotclm)

Akaotrlmco

cmtarenoanran

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N fyhrcd

sa`colmduotlrhnotarclrfldlpscm-

hnsad nrtcecocnk

ratcmn cs enst nmd

cmaxpamscva nmd

`c`cos tfa `ltclm

samsctcvcty le tfa

fu`nm ratcmn.

Nrtcecocnk Xatcmn

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Durcmi tfa pfltloyoka, hnotarclrfldlpscm oyokas

tfrluif n pncr le spaotrlsolpconkky dcstcmiucsfnhka

cmtar`adcntas, wfcof fnva nm nhslrptclm `nxc`u`

wfcof cs dceearamt erl` tfnt le tfa cmctcnk H stnta.

Cm `lst nppkcontclms tfa pfltlofrl`cs` le

hnotarclrfldlpscm cs usad cm olmmaotclm wctf tfapurpka tl yakklw nhslrptclm ofnmia wfcof cs rakntad tl

@ stnta elr`ntclm.

Qplm nocdcecontclm, n hkua `a`hrnma cs elr`ad wfcof

fns n scimceconmtky dceearamt pfltloyoka. Tfa elr`ntclmle n 3-ocs ratcmnk-olmtncmcmi stnta cs lhsarvad, nmd tfcs

cs tfar`nkky stnhka. Tfcs lpams tfa rluta tl klmi-tar`

stlrnia `ntarcnks hnsad lm hnotarclrfldlpscm.

Zfltlofrl`co Zrlpartcas

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Zfltloyoka

Tfa amariy trnppcmi

olmelr`ntclmnk trnmsctclm loours

wctfcm lma ps

Daprltlmntclm nmd raprltlmntclm

staps nra ofnrnotarczad hy

cmtar`adcntas wfcof olmtncmdcstcmot nhslrptclm spaotrn

Lma eukk turm le tfa oyoka loours

wctfcm n `s

Famoa anof stap fns n

ofnrnotarcstco olklur

Avary sao, 1: prltlms nra

axplrtad

Zurpka

Sakklw

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Zfltlofrl`co olklr oknsscecar

Zfltlofrl`co / Akaotrlofrl`co cmgs

Zfltlofrl`co pfltlirnpfco eck`

Nppkcontclms cm Hclsamslrs

Klmi-tar` pfltlrawrctanhka stlrnia le cmelr`ntclm

Maurnk matwlrgs

?-D cmelr`ntclm stlrnia

Mlmkcmanr lptconk ecktarcmi

Flklirnpfco pnttarm raolimctclm nmd cmtarearl`atry

Nppkcontclms hnsad lm tfa

pfltlofrl`cs`

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Ofanp, ansy wny le noou`ukntcmi

prltlms

Cmdustry

Euak oakk onrs

_wctofas

S-Ofnmmaks

Nrtcecocnk ratcmn

?-D @a`lrcas

Akaotrl-lptconkky olmtrlkkad spntcnk kcift

`ldukntlrs

_l`a Ltfar Nppkcontclms

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_uctnhckcty le Hnotarclrfldlpscm

Hnotarclrfldlpscm fns haam studcad lvar tfa pnst twl daondas ns n

`ntarcnk elr taofmconk nppkcontclms haonusa2

Cts stnhckcty cs ndaqunta

Ct fns savarnk taofmconkky cmtarastcmi eumotclms

Tllks elr hltf cts `ldcecontclm nmd prlduotclm cm taofmconk qunmtctcasfnva haam davaklpad

_tnhka nmd stnmdnrd strncms le hnotarcn nra nvncknhka elr cts

prlduotclm

Ct leears vnrclus cmtarenoa prcmocpkas, wfatfar lptconk, akaotrconk, lrofa`conk.

Flwavar, tfa mntcva prltacm stckk knogs tfa lvarnkk aeecocamoy

maoassnry elr ol``arocnk vcnhckcty nmd vcrtunkky nkk suooasseuk

pfltlmco davcoas uscmi hnotarclrfldlpscm nra hnsad lm

ofa`conk lr iamatco vnrcnmts le tfa mntcva prltacm.

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_flrt kceatc`a le lptconk prlduots

Lptconk eck`s cmolrplrntcmi HX cm n plky`arco `ntrcx fnva nkrandyhaam da`lmstrntad hy N`as rasanrofars nmd ltfars, tl nkklw tfa

raolrdcmi le axtra`aky fcif raslkutclm (=1::: kcmas/``) flklirn`s

wctf ranslmnhka dceernotclm aeecocamoy, tfnt nra lptconkky arnsnhka nmd

onm ha ra-wrcttam `ckkclms le tc`as wctflut eck` lr `ntarcnk

dairndntclm.

Flwavar, c`nias lr flklirn`s raolrdad nt rll` ta`parntura cm tfa

mnturnk elr` le HX (onkkad wckdtypa HX) fnva n sflrt kceatc`a(lm tfa

lrdar le `ckkcsaolmds tl n eaw saolmds) dua tl tfar`nk raknxntclm le

tfa axoctad `lkaouknr stnta hnog dlwm tl tfa irlumd `lkaouknr

stnta.

Yfcka npprlprcnta elr sl`a lptconk prloasscmi nppkcontclms, tfcs cs

umnooaptnhka elr dntn stlrnia nppkcontclms, wfara tfa dntn `ust

ra`ncm par`nmamtky raolrdad umtck notcvaky arnsad.

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HX iama nmd plkypaptcda

965 muokaltcda struoturnk iama

>? NN praourslr saquamoa

+846 NN cm `ntura HX+> NN nt O-tar`cmnk saquamoa

Ml cmtarvamcmi saquamoas

Ct cs n 85 GD prltacm

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Nra Tfara Nmy Fcifky-olmsarvad

Xascduas

Xasukts le HKN_Tcmi tfa F. snkcmnrcu`HX sflwad vary

fcif fl`lkliy n`lmi nkk HX erl` n mu`har le dceearamt

Fnklhnotarcn.

Nrlumd tfa sofcee hnsa nt plsctclm 8>5, tfara cs ml

davcntclm cm NN ol`plsctclm elr n illd 4.1 Nmistrl`s.

Tfcs typa le nmnkyscs sflws tfnt tfa amtcra ratcmnk hcmdcmi

plogat cs fcifky olmsarvad. Tfaraelra, `nmy le tfa NNs

cm HX nra struoturnkky nmd/lr ontnkytconkky c`plrtnmt.

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_cta dcraotad `utniamascs

HX randcky kamds ctsake tl iamatco amicmaarcmi, wfcof nkklws tfa iamarntclm le

iamatco vnrcnmts tfnt `ny plssass scimceconmtky dceearamt lptconk

ofnrnotarcstcos.

Cm lma axn`pka le iamatconkky amicmaarad HX, n vnrcnmt gmlwm ns D61M cs

orantad hy suhstctutcmi nm nspnrnicma rascdua elr nm nspnrtco nocd nt

plsctclm 61 cm tfa 846 n`cml nocd plkypaptcda ofncm manr tfa ratcmnk pnrt le

tfa `lkaouka.

Tfcs vnrcnmt sflws drn`ntconkky dceearamt hafnvclr cm tfa samsa tfnt tfa

axoctad `lkaouknr stnta elr`ad hy pfltlm nhslrptclm cm tfa rad pnrt le tfa

vcschka spaotru` cs tfar`nkky stnhka nmd dlas mlt daony hnog dlwm tl tfa

irlumd stnta.

Flwavar, ct cs stckk lptconkky arnsnhka vcn tfa nhslrptclm le n hkua pfltlm, nmd

cs tfus n illd prakc`cmnry onmdcdnta elr usa cm flklirnpfco dntn stlrnia

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_a`c rnmdl` `utniamascs nmd

dcraotad avlkutclm

_a`c-rnmdl` `utniamascs nmd dcraotad

avlkutclm wckk pkny n prl`cmamt rlka cm eutura

aeelrts cm hclakaotrlmco lptc`czntclm.

Unrclus strntaicas umdar study nra elousad uplm

`ldukntcmi tfa pfltlakaotrco hafnvclr le hX.

_uooasseuk nktarntclms onm kand tl `ldcecad hXtfnt rasplmd dceearamtky tl ofnmias cm pF, famoa

nkklwcmi olmtrlk lm cts pfltlakaotrco hafnvclr.

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^unmtu` @aofnmcos studcas

^unmtu` `aofnmcos-`lkaouknr `ldakcmi study le tfa

HX `lkaouka c`pnrts n daapar umdarstnmdcmi le ofnmias

ct umdarilas durcmi tfa pfltloyoka.

Tfcs wckk amnhka avnkuntclm le tfa aeeaots le spaocecoiamatco `utntclms lm tfa pfltloyoka nmd tl cdamtcey

iamatco `utntclms tfnt wckk `ldcey tfa pfltloyoka cm n

olmtrlkkad ensfclm.

Hacmi nhka tl sc`uknta tfa `lkaouknr hafnvclr le HX cmdceearamt iamatco olmeciurntclms wckk nkklw us tl iucda tfa

iamatco amicmaarcmi ofnmias tl ha parelr`ad

axparc`amtnkky cm tfa knhlrntlry.

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Olmokusclm

Iamatco amicmaarcmi npprlnofas fnva nkrandy

haam nppkcad tl HX ns n `anms tl nktar tfa

`lkaouka's lptconk prlpartcas, prc`nrcky tfrluif

tfa taofmcqua le scta-spaoceco `utniamascs.

Ct cs flpad tfnt tfa tfar`nk raknxntclm wckk ha

hklogad cm tfa iamatconkky amicmaarad HX wctflut

ol`prl`cscmi tfa nttrnotcva pfltlofa`conkprlpartcas tfnt amnhka vnrclus prl`cscmi

nppkcontclms.

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Xaearamoas

E. T. Flmi nmd E. F. Flmi (>338) NCZ Olme. Zrlo. / Ulku`a 858 / Cssua >.

858, pp. 8:4-8>9

Ycsa GB, Ickkaspca MH, _tunrt BN, Grahs @Z, Hcria XX. (8::8) Tramds

Hcltaofmlk. 8::8 _ap78:(3)2?69-34.

Fn`pp MN. (8:::) Nppk @corlhclk Hcltaofmlk. 8::: Bum71?(5)25??-3.

Ialria B. Turmar, _fcrcsfn Ofcttchlycmn, Knuram Zlfram, Gcrg I. Fcmas, Blfm

B. Olrracn, nmd Drnga O. @ctofakk (8::6) Hclofa`cstry 8::6.

Lastarfakt, D. (>336) Tfa struotura nmd `aofnmcs` le tfa en`cky le ratcmnk

prltacms erl` fnklpfckco nrofnan. Ourr. Lpcm. _truot. Hclk. 6, 4631::. Knmyc, B. G. (>336) Qmdarstnmdcmi struotura nmd eumotclm cm tfa kcift-drcvam

prltlm pu`p hnotarclrfldlpscm. B. _truot. Hclk. >84, >54>96.

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Tfnmgselrylur

NttamtclmDr Xnbasf Tfngur rtfngur33Jradcee`nck ol`Nsscstnmt Zrleasslr

Dapnrt`amt le Hcl & Mnml Taofmlkliy,

Iuru Bn`hfasfwnr Qmcvarscty le _ocamoa & Taofmlkliy,

Fcssnr, Fnrynmn>81::>. Cmdcn.