Biochemistry 412

Biological Mass Spectrometry

February 25th, 2005

There are two major types of “soft ionization” methodsof mass spectrometry for use in analyzingsamples of biological origin:

• Matrix-assisted laser desorption

• Electrospray

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI) Mass Spectrometry

Mann et al (2001)Annu. Rev. Biochem. 70, 437.

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

Griffiths et al (2001)Biochem. J. 355, 545.

Attractive Features of Mass Spectrometry

• High resolution (can measure mass differences of ~0.1 Da)

• High sensitivity (10-13 to 10-19[!] moles)

• Ability to work with complex samples (MALDI-MS)

• Ability to interface with other separation techniques (e.g., LC)

• “Reasonably” affordable

Example of an ESI Mass Spectrum

Griffiths et al (2001)Biochem. J. 355, 545.

Note:mass-charge ratio

Now for some cool applications

of biological mass spectrometry..!!

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)Genotyping by MS

Solid-State DNA Genotyping

Note: extension reactiondone in thepresence of one or more ddNTPs

Tang et al (1999)

Tang et al (1999)

Tang et al (1999)

Generation of Distance Constraints for Protein Structure Determination Using a Combination of Protein Cross-Links and

Mass Spectrometry

Young et al (2000)

Young et al (2000)

Young et al (2000)

Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange and Mass Spectrometry to Probe

Protein Dynamics, Solvent-Accessibility, and Protein-Protein Interactions

Hamuro et al (2002)

Hamuro et al (2002)

Hydrogen - Deuterium Exchange and Protein Conformational Fluctuations

Hoofnagle et al (2003) Annu. Rev.Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 32, 1.

Hydrogen - Deuterium Exchange: Schematic Experimental Design

Hoofnagle et al (2003) Annu. Rev.Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 32, 1.

Hamuro et al (2002)

Hamuro et al (2002)

Fragment-BasedDrug Discovery

Erlanson et al (2000)

Erlanson et al (2000)

Erlanson et al (2000)

The Monophore Binds in the Same Relative Orientation, Regardless of Attachment Site

Erlanson et al (2000)

Erlanson et al (2000)

Pharmacology UsingImaging Mass Spectrometry

Chaurand et al (2002)