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J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment Vol. 25, No. 1: 1-28 (2019)
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Benthic marine flora of the Marmara Sea (Turkey)
Ergün Taşkın1*, Murat Çakır1, Barış Akçalı2, Özge Sungur1
1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Muradiye-Manisa 45140, TURKEY 2 Dokuz Eylul University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Haydar Aliyev Bulvarı, 35430, İnciraltı-İzmir, TURKEY
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
In the present paper, the results of the new study on the benthic marine flora of the Marmara Sea (Turkey) are reported. Sampling was made from 25 different localities of the Marmara Sea from 2015 to 2017 by snorkerling and SCUBA diving. In total, 320 marine algal and four seagrass taxa at specific and infraspecific levels were found, seven of which are newly reported from Turkey, and 17 taxa are reported as alien in the Marmara Sea.
Keywords: Algae, alien species, marine flora, Marmara Sea, Turkey
Received: 29.11.2018, Accepted: 25.02.2019
Introduction
The Marmara Sea with its two extensions, Çanakkale and İstanbul Straits, are called the Turkish Straits System which connects the Black Sea with the Aegean Sea in the eastern Mediterranean and separates Asia from Europe. The hydrodynamic regime of the Marmara Sea is characterized by a deep current from the Mediterranean Sea to the Black Sea and a shallow current from the the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea via the Turkish Straits System. The salinity of the deeper layer is higher than that of the shallower one (Özsoy 2016).
Due to its historical past, the area attracted botanists since pre-Linnean name. Using polynomials, Buxbaum (1728, 1729) described and illustrated several species from Istanbul and the Princes Islands. Until the turn of the 19th century and shortly after, Forsskål (1775), Lamouroux (1822), Grisebach (1844), Rigler (1852), Fritsch (1899), and Sauvageau (1912) made floristic contributions. By the middle of the 20th century, the modern study of seaweeds was started with Öztığ (1957, 1962), Güven and Öztığ (1971), Zeybek and Güner (1973), Aysel
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et al. (1991, 1993, 2000, 2006), Güven et al. (1991), Atabey (1998), Koç and Aydın (2001), Erduğan et al. (2002), Turna and Ertan (2005), Taşkın (2008, 2012, 2013a,b, 2014a,b, 2016), Taşkın et al. (2003, 2006, 2012), Taşkın and Öztürk (2007), Taşkın and Pedersen (2012), Taşkın and Wynne (2013), and Taşkın and Sukatar (2013). Marine angiosperms have been studied by Yüksek and Okuş (2004), Meinesz et al. (2009), Cirik et al. (2010), Cirik and Akçalı (2013).
The most complete floristic lists of marine macrophytes (macroalgae and angiosperms) from the Marmara Sea are found in Taşkın et al. (2008) and Aysel et al. (2010) who reported 401 taxa at specific and infraspecific level (102 brown algae, 225 red algae, 71 green algae, and four marine angiosperms, 20 of which alien in the Marmara Sea) and 494 taxa at specific and infraspecific level (including 106 Phaeophyceae, 283 Rhodophyta, 101 Chlorophyta and four Spermatophyta), respectively.
The present study includes the number to a total of four seagrasses and 320 marine algal taxa at specific and infraspecific levels, seven of which are reported for the first time from Turkey. Seventeen taxa are reported as introduced to the Marmara Sea.
Figure 1. Map of the Marmara Sea showing sampling sites
1-İntepe; 2-Çanakkale; 3-Eceabat; 4-Gelibolu; 5-Şarköy; 6-Tekirdağ; 7-M.Ereğlisi; 8-Silivri; 9-Büyükçekmece; 10-Küçükçekmece; 11-Haliç; 12-Üsküdar; 13-Princes Islands; 14-Hereke; 15-Kocaeli; 16-Yalova; 17-Armutlu; 18-Gemlik; 19-Mudanya; 20-Susurluk-
Boğaz; 21-Bandirma; 22-Erdek; 23-Paşalimanı Island; 24-Karabiga; 25-Lapseki
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Materials and Methods
Sampling was made from 25 different localities in the Marmara Sea (Turkey) between 2015-2017 (Figure 1). Materials were collected by snorkelling and SCUBA-diving, and specimens were preserved in 2-5% formaldehyde in sea water. The samples were studied using a light microscope (Nikon SE, Tokyo, Japan), and photographs were taken by digital camera (Nikon P5100, Nikon SE, Tokyo, Japan). Voucher specimens were deposited in the personal herbarium of Ergün Taşkın (ET) in the Department of Biology of the Manisa Celal Bayar University (Manisa, Turkey). Taxonomy and nomenclature followed Guiry and Guiry (2018).
Results
The Marmara Sea (especially Gemlik Bay, İzmit Bay) is known as a polluted area due to anthropogenic disturbance, industrial complexes, wastewater, agriculture, oil pollution, etc. (Aydınol et al. 2012), and where the opportunistic marine macroalgal species are dominant (e.g. Ulva spp., Cladophora spp., Ceramium spp., Gracilaria gracilis, etc.) (Taşkın 2016). However, the western part is known to be less polluted, and where several sensitive taxa are common (e.g. Cystoseira spp., Posidonia oceanica, Cymodocea nodosa) (Taşkın 2016).
In the present study, a total of 320 marine algal taxa [97 brown algae (Phaeophyceae) (30%), 159 red algae (Rhodophyta) (49%), 64 green algae (Chlorophyta) (20%)] and four seagrasses taxa at specific and infraspecific levels are reported (Appendix 1). The genera with the highest number of species (and/or infraspecific taxa) were: Ulva (17 taxa), Cladophora (15 taxa), Ceramium (13 taxa), Polysiphonia (11 taxa), Ectocarpus (10 taxa), Cystoseira (9 taxa), and Acrochaetium (7 taxa) (Appendix 1).
Seven taxa are reported for the first time from Turkey: the brown algae Ectocarpus fasciculatus var. refractus, Ectocarpus siliculosus var. pygmaeus, Herponema sp., the red alga Erythrotrichia bertholdii, the green algae Ulva cf. australis, Ulva flexuosa subsp. paradoxa, and Ulva rotundata - Ulva cf. australis being an introduced species in the Mediterranean Sea.
New records for the Turkish marine algal flora
Ectocarpus fasciculatus var. refractus (Kützing) Ardissone: Thallus filamentous, branched, recurved branches are usually found in the upper part of the thallus, uniseriate, the cells of erect filaments containing ribbon-shaped chloroplasts, phaeophycean hairs absent, to 2 cm high; plurilocular sporangia common, terminal or lateral, 80-150 μm long, 25-35 μm broad (Figure 2a). Unilocular sporangia are absent in the Turkish material. This taxon was collected from Gelibolu, in May 2015. Plurilocular sporangia reported by Cormaci et al. (2012) are also different in size (30-100 x 15-30 µm), and they also reported unilocular sporangia in this taxon. In the Danish material, plurilocular sporangia are reported (30-125 x 14-37 µm) by Rosenvinge and
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Lund (1941). Müller (1972) reported that the life history of Ectocarpus fasciculatus var. refractus and Ectocarpus draparnaldioides P.L. & H.M. Crouan ex Kjellman belong to the same taxon.
Figure 2. New records for Turkish marine algal flora. Ectocarpus fasciculatus var. refractus, branching and plurilocular sporangia (arrowheads) (a) (Scale bar: 100 μm).
Ectocarpus siliculosus var. pygmaeus, main filament (b) (Scale bar: 100 μm), plurilocular sporangia (arrowhead) (c) (Scale bar: 50 μm), the cells of the main filament and ribbon-shape chloroplasts (arrow) (d) (Scale bar: 50 μm). Herponema sp., habit and plurilocular sporangia (arrows) (e) (Scale bar: 25 μm). Erythrotrichia bertholdii, basal
part of habit (f) (Scale bar: 50 μm).
Ectocarpus siliculosus var. pygmaeus (Areschoug) Gallardo: Thallus filamentous, unbranched, uniseriate, the cells of erect filaments 35-50 μm long, 15-20 μm broad, and each cell contains ribbon-shaped chloroplasts, phaeophycean hairs absent, to 1 cm high; epiphytic on Cystoseira amentacea var. stricta, plurilocular sporangia terminal or lateral, 70-90 μm long, 15-25 μm broad (Figure 2b-d). Unilocular sporangia are absent in the Turkish material. This taxon was collected from Gelibolu, in May 2015. In Cormaci et al. (2012), plurilocular sporangia are also reported different in size (45-190 x 15-34 µm), and they also reported unilocular sporangia in this taxon. The Turkish material is similar to the Danish material, plurilocular sporangia are also reported a few different in size (27-66 x 11-16.5 µm) (Rosenvinge and Lund 1941).
Herponema sp. (Bornet ex Sauvageau) Hamel: Thallus filamentous, endophytic, the cells of the endophytic filaments 7.5-10 μm long; plurilocular
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sporangia 35-45 μm long, 20 μm broad (Figure 2e). Unilocular sporangia are absent in the Turkish material. This species was collected from Lapseki, in May 2015. Plurilocular sporangia are also reported different in size (50-72 x 30-35 µm) by Cormaci et al. (2012).
Erythrotrichia bertholdii Batters: Thallus erect, purple-red color, filamentous, filaments uniseriate below, 10-15 μm in diameter and multiseriate above, 25-30 μm in diameter, found rarely, epiphytic on Cystoseira spp. (Figure 2f). This species was collected from Çanakkale, Gelibolu and Paşalimanı Island, in May 2015.
Ulva cf. australis Areschoug: Thallus erect, to 20-25 cm long, flattened, epilithic, parenchymatous; whole margin without spines, the cells in surface view isodiametric to elongate (15-20 x 15-25 µm), the cells contain 1-2 pyrenoids, and blades two cells thick in transverse section (Figure 3a-c). This species was collected from Princes Islands, in May 2015. This alien and invasive species was introduced to the Mediterranean Sea via mollusc farming (Cormaci et al. 2014). Ulva australis Areschoug was given synonym of Ulva rigida C.Agardh by Sfriso (2010), while it was given current name by Cormaci et al. (2014). Ulva australis differs from Ulva rigida by pyrenoid numbers [(1-) 2-3 (-4) in U. rigida], and from U. laetevirens by pyrenoids shown in the cells (pyrenoids shown only in some cells in U. laetevirens, Cormaci et al. 2014). Hanyuda and Kawai (2018) confirming that Ulva pertusa Kjellman is a synonym of Ulva australis, and they suggested that U. australis was introduced to Australia.
Ulva flexuosa subsp. paradoxa (C.Agardh) M.J.Wynne: Thallus filamentous, main axes are multiseriate, 0.2-0.5 mm broad, branches are uniseriate (Figure 3d-e); the cells contain 4-5 pyrenoids. This taxon was abundantly found on the marine phanerogam Cymodocea nodosa, collected from Erdek, in November 2015. This taxon has a different number of pyrenoids by several authors (i.e. 10-20 pyrenoids were reported by Sfriso 2010). Ulva flexuosa subsp. paradoxa differs from Ulva flexuosa subsp. flexuosa by numerous uniseriate branchlets (Cormaci et al. 2014).
Ulva rotundata Bliding: Thallus erect, to 1-2 cm long, flattened, parenchymatous, epiphytic on the red alga Gymnogongrus griffithsiae, cells containing a parietal chloroplast with 1-3 pyrenoids (Figure 3f-g). This species was collected from Yalova, in March 2016. This species was given as a new name (Ulva pseudorotundata Cormaci, G.Furnari & Alongi) in Cormaci et al. (2014). The Turkish material was found in small size than Cormaci et al.’s (2014) description, and it is similar to Sfriso (2010) by thallus size.
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Figure 3. New records for Turkish marine algal flora. Ulva australis, habit (a) (Scale bar: 2 cm), the cells in surface view (b) (Scale bar: 50 μm), and transverse section of the thallus (c) (Scale bar: 50 μm). Ulva flexuosa subsp. paradoxa, branching (d) (Scale bar: 100 μm), and part of the thallus in surface view showing the cells (e) (Scale bar: 25 μm). Ulva rotundata, habit (f) (Scale bar: 2 mm), the cells in surface view (g) (Scale bar: 50
μm).
The diversity of the marine flora in the west part of the Marmara Sea is richer than that of the east part, and the highest number of taxa was found in: İntepe (181 taxa), followed by Şarköy (170 taxa), Paşalimanı Island (173 taxa), Gelibolu (166 taxa), Lapseki (161 taxa), Princes Islands (156 taxa), and Eceabat (153 taxa), respectively (Figure 4). The lowest number of taxa was found in: Gemlik and Susurluk-Boğaz (28 taxa), followed by Kocaeli (35 taxa), Büyükçekmece, Haliç and Hereke (42 taxa), Küçükçekmece (49 taxa), Üsküdar (54 taxa), and Yalova (58 taxa), respectively (Figure 4).
Discussion and Conclusions
The marine algae of the Mediterranean Sea have been investigated by several researchers. In total, 877 taxa at specific and infraspecific level [271 Ceramiales (Rhodophyta), 122 Rhodophyta (excluding Rhodymeniophycida), 270 Phaeophyceae and 214 Chlorophyta) are reported in the Mediterranean Sea (Ribera et al. 1992; Gallardo et al. 1993; Gómez Garreta et al. 2001; Cormaci et al. 2012, 2014, 2017). In the list, by Furnari et al. (2010), 898 taxa (534 Rhodophyta, 214 Ochrophyta, and 150 Chlorophyta) were reported from Italy, and by Tsiamis et al. (2013, 2014, 2016), 323 taxa (120 Ceramiales
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(Rhodophyta), 107 Phaeophyceae, 96 Chlorophyta) were reported from Greece. Recently, 1117 taxa at specific and infraspecific level of the marine benthic macroalgae (270 Phaeophyceae, 657 Rhodophyta, and 190 Chlorophyta) were known in the Mediterranean Sea (Coll et al. 2010).
The Turkish seaweeds have a greater representation by diversity in the Aegean coasts of Turkey (430 taxa at specific and infraspecific level; 111 brown algae, 238 red algae, and 81 green algae) and Sea of Marmara (400 taxa; 105 brown algae, 225 red algae, and 70 green algae) than the Mediterranean coasts (382 taxa; 80 brown algae, 220 red algae, and 82 green algae), and Black Sea coasts (244 taxa; 58 brown algae, 136 red algae, and 50 green algae), respectively (Taşkın et al. 2008; Taşkın 2016). The Black Sea coasts have been studied less than other coasts of Turkey, thus it should be studied more in detail.
Figure 4. Number of taxa (at specific and infraspecific) at different sampling sites in the Marmara Sea.
1-İntepe; 2-Çanakkale; 3-Eceabat; 4-Gelibolu; 5-Şarköy; 6-Tekirdağ; 7-M.Ereğlisi; 8-Silivri; 9-Büyükçekmece; 10-Küçükçekmece; 11-Haliç; 12-Üsküdar; 13-Princes Islands; 14-Hereke; 15-Kocaeli; 16-Yalova; 17-Armutlu; 18-Gemlik; 19-Mudanya; 20-Susurluk-
Boğaz; 21-Bandirma; 22-Erdek; 23-Paşalimanı Island; 24-Karabiga; 25-Lapseki
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Figure 5. Bray-Curtis cluster analysis of brown algal (a), red algal (b), and green algal (c) taxa between stations. 1-İntepe; 2-Çanakkale; 3-Eceabat; 4-Gelibolu; 5-Şarköy; 6-Tekirdağ; 7-M.Ereğlisi; 8-Silivri; 9-Büyükçekmece; 10-Küçükçekmece; 11-Haliç; 12-
Üsküdar; 13-Princes Islands; 14-Hereke; 15-Kocaeli; 16-Yalova; 17-Armutlu; 18-Gemlik; 19-Mudanya; 20-Susurluk-Boğaz; 21-Bandirma; 22-Erdek; 23-Paşalimanı
Island; 24-Karabiga; 25-Lapseki.
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A Bray-Curtis cluster analysis of macroalgal communities between the stations was made (Figure 5). Few brown algae were found in Hereke and Kocaeli while they were abundant in İntepe, Çanakkale, Eceabat, Gelibolu, Lapseki, Şarköy and Paşalimanı Island (Figure 5a). Silivri, Büyükçekmece, Gemlik, Susurluk-Boğaz, Hereke and Kocaeli were representative by a poorer red algal number (Figure 5b). As with brown algae, red algal taxa were found in greatest number in the stations İntepe, Eceabat, Gelibolu, Lapseki, Şarköy, Princes Islands and Paşalimanı Island (Figure 5b). Similarly, green algae were most abundant in İntepe, Gelibolu, Şarköy, Princes Islands, Erdek and Paşalimanı Island (Figure 5c).
Figure 6. The invasive green alga Codium fragile subsp. fragile in the Marmara Sea (Karabiga, 5 m depth)
In total, 34 alien/invasive marine plants taxa have been reported on the coast of Turkey (Taşkın et al. 2011; Taşkın and Öztürk 2013), 20 of which are known from the Marmara Sea. The alien/invasive taxa have been apparently introduced to the Marmara Sea by aquaculture (seven taxa), fouling (six taxa), ship ballast tanks (four taxa), and corridors (two taxa through the Gibralter Strait and one taxon through the Suez Canal). In the present study, in total 17 taxa (9 brown algae, 5 red algae and 3 green algae) are reported as alien in the Marmara Sea (Appendix 1), and three taxa (the brown alga Colpomenia peregrina, the green alga Codium fragile subsp. fragile, and the red alga Polysiphonia morrowii) showed an invasive behaviour in this area (Figure 6).
Four seagrasses (Cymodocea nodosa, Posidonia oceanica, Zostera marina, and Zostera noltei) were found at the different localities in the Marmara Sea. P. oceanica widely distributed in the Mediterranean Sea and the Aegean Sea, in the Marmara Sea it was found only from Dardanelles and Paşalimanı Island.
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Finally, it should be noted that the deep living brown alga Laminaria rodriguezii Bornet [a species with a conservation status “endangered” (Zuljevik et al. 2016)], reported from Princes Islands (İstanbul) by Taşkın et al. (2008), and it is deposited in the personal herbarium of ET, notwithstanding many dives done, was not found in the present study from the Marmara Sea.
Acknowledgements
This study has been supported by TÜBİTAK, Ankara, Turkey (114Y238). We are grateful to Assist. Prof. Dr. Ahsen Yüksek (İstanbul University), Prof. Dr. Mehmet Öztürk, Melike Yavuz and Dilek Kayoğlu for their help.
Marmara Denizi'nin (Türkiye) Denizel Bentik Florası
Öz
Bu çalışma, Marmara Denizi'nin (Türkiye) denizel bentik florası üzerine yeni çalışmanın sonuçlarını içermektedir. Örnekleme, Marmara Denizi'nin (Türkiye) 25 farklı istasyonundan 2015-2017 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Materyal toplama şnorkel ve SCUBA ile yapılmış olup örnekler % 2-5 formaldehit ve deniz suyu içerisinde muhafaza edilmiştir. Tür ve tür altı seviyede toplam 320 deniz algi ve dört deniz çayırı bulunmuş olup bunların yedisi Türkiye için yeni kayıt ve 17 tanesi de Marmara Denizi'nde yabancı tür olarak rapor edilmiştir.
Anahtar kelimeler: Algler, denizel flora, Marmara Denizi, Türkiye, yabancı tür
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Sfriso, A. (2010) Chlorophyta Multicellulari e Fanerogame Acquatiche. Ambiente di Transizione Italiani e Litorali Adiacenti. Bologna, Arpa Emilia-Romagna.
13
Taşkın, E. (2008) The marine brown algae of the east Aegean Sea and Dardanelles. II. Ectocarpaceae, Chordariaceae and Scytosiphonaceae. Cryptogamie Algol 29: 173-186. Taşkın, E. (2012) First report of the alien brown alga Scytosiphon dotyi M.J. Wynne (Phaeophyceae, Scytosiphonaceae) in Turkey. Mediterranean Mar Sci 13: 33-35. Taşkın, E. (2013a) First report of the North Atlantic myrionematoid brown alga Ulonema rhizophorum Foslie (Phaeophyceae, Chordariaceae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Mediterranean Mar Sci 14(1): 125-128. Taşkın, E. (2013b) First reports of five marine algae from Turkey. Nova Hedwigia 97(3-4): 515-528. Taşkın, E. (2014a) Interpretation of Turkish marine algae in Lamouroux (1822). Bağbahçe Bilim Dergisi 1: 14-23. Taşkın, E. (2014b) Comparison of the brown algal diversity between four sea coasts of Turkey. Journal of Academic Documents for Fisheries and Aquaculture 1: 145-153. Taşkın, E. (2016) Biodiversity of macroflora of the Sea of Marmara (Turkey). In: The Marmara Sea Marine Biodiversity, Fisheries, Conservation and Governance, (eds., Özsoy, E., Çağatay, M.N., Balkıs, N., Balkıs, N., Öztürk, B.), Turkish Marine Research Foundation, Publication No: 42, Istanbul, pp. 344-365. Taşkın, E., Aydoğan, Ö., Çınar, E., Öztürk, M. (2011) Alien marine macrophytes in Turkey. European Journal of Phycol 46 (supl.1): 188. Taşkın, E., Jahn, R., Öztürk, M., Furnari, G., Cormaci, M. (2012) The Mediterranean Cystoseira (with photographs). Celal Bayar University Publications No. 4, Manisa, Turkey. Taşkın, E. Öztürk, M. (2007) The marine brown algae of the east Aegean Sea and Dardanelles. I.Ectocarpaceae, Pylaiellaceae, Chordariaceae, Elachistaceae and Giraudiaceae. Cryptogamie Algol 28: 169-190. Taşkın, E., Öztürk, M. (2013) Marine Algae of Turkey. I. Phaeophyceae. Manisa Celal Bayar Univ. Press, Manisa, Turkey (in Turkish). Taşkın, E., Öztürk, M., Kurt, O., Öztürk, M. (2003) Marine algae of Kilitbahir shore (Gelibolu, Çanakkale, Turkey). Pakistan Journal of Botany 35: 53-59.
14
Taşkın, E., Öztürk, M., Kurt, O., Öztürk, M. (2008) The Check-list of the Marine Flora of Turkey. Ecem Kırtasiye, Manisa, Turkey. Taşkın, E., Öztürk, M., Wynne, M.J. (2006) First report of Microspongium globosum Reinke (Phaeophyceae, Myrionemataceae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Nova Hedwigia 82 (1-2): 135-142. Taşkın, E., Pedersen, P.M. (2012) First report of the alien brown alga Botrytella parva (Takamatsu) H.-S. Kim (Chordariaceae, Phaeophyceae) from the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Bot Mar 55(5): 467-471. Taşkın, E., Sukatar, A. (2013) The red algal genera Laurencia, Osmundea and Palisada (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 13: 713-723. Taşkın, E., Wynne, M.J. (2013) Proposal of Gelidium serra (S.G.Gmel.) comb. nov. to replace Gelidium bipectinatum G. Furnari (Rhodophyta). Webbia 68: 21-23. Tsiamis, K., Panayotidis, P. (2016) Seaweeds of the Greek coasts: Rhodophyta: Ceramiales. Acta Adriatica 57: 227-250. Tsiamis, K., Panayotidis, P., Economou-Amilli, A., Katsaros, C. (2013) Seaweeds of the Greek coasts. I. Phaeophyceae. Mediterranean Marine Science 14: 141-157. Tsiamis, K., Panayotidis, P., Economou-Amilli, A., Katsaros, C. (2014) Seaweeds of the Greek coasts. II. Ulvophyceae. Mediterranean Marine Science 15: 449-461. Turna, İ.İ., Ertan, Ö.O. (2005) Macrobenthic marine flora of Bosphorus (İstanbul). SDÜ Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi 1: 68-73. Yüksek, A., Okuş, E. (2004) Investigations on Magnioliophyta at the south Marmara group Islands. J Black Sea/Medit Environ 10: 103-111. Zeybek, N., Güner, H. (1973) Marine algae of Dardanelles and Bozcaada. Scientific reports of the Faculty of Science, Ege University, No. 145. Zuljevik, A., Peters, A.F., Nikolik, V., Antolic, B., Despalatovic, M., Cvitkovic, I., Isajlovic, I., Mihanovic, H., Matijevic, S., Shewring, D.M., Canese, S., Katsaros, C., Küpper, F.C. (2016) The Mediterranean deep-water kelp Laminaria rodriguezii is an endangered species in the Adriatic Sea. Marine Biology (Berlin) 163(69): 1-12.
15
App
endi
x 1.
Lis
t of b
enth
ic m
arin
e flo
ra o
f the
Mar
mar
a Se
a (T
urke
y)
1-İn
tepe
; 2-Ç
anak
kale
; 3-E
ceab
at; 4
-Gel
ibol
u; 5
-Şar
köy;
6-T
ekird
ağ; 7
-M.E
reğl
isi;
8-Si
livri;
9-B
üyük
çekm
ece;
10-
Küç
ükçe
kmec
e; 1
1-H
aliç
; 12-
Üsk
üdar
; 13-
Prin
ces I
slan
ds; 1
4-H
erek
e; 1
5-K
ocae
li; 1
6-Y
alov
a; 1
7-A
rmut
lu; 1
8-G
emlik
; 19-
Mud
anya
; 20-
Susu
rluk-
Boğ
az; 2
1-B
andi
rma;
22-
Erde
k; 2
3-Pa
şalim
anı I
slan
d; 2
4-K
arab
iga;
25-
Laps
eki.
(+:p
rese
nce,
-: a
bsen
t)
Tax
a St
atio
n PH
AE
OPH
YC
EA
E (B
RO
WN
AL
GA
E)
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Ac
inet
ospo
ra c
rini
ta (C
arm
icha
el) S
auva
geau
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
Arth
rocl
adia
vill
osa
(Hud
son)
Dub
y -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Aspe
roco
ccus
bul
losu
s J.V
.Lam
ouro
ux
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ As
pero
cocc
us e
nsifo
rmis
(Del
le C
hiaj
e) M
.J.W
ynne
+
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
Aspe
roco
ccus
fist
ulos
us (H
udso
n) W
.J.H
ooke
r +
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ +
- -
Botr
ytel
la m
icro
mor
a Bo
ry d
e Sa
int-V
ince
nt
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Bo
tryt
ella
par
va (T
akam
atsu
) H.S
.Kim
* -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Cla
dosi
phon
con
tort
us (T
hure
t) K
ylin
+
- +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
Cla
dosi
phon
lubr
icus
(Sau
vage
au) K
ylin
+
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Cla
dosi
phon
med
iterr
aneu
s K
ützi
ng
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- +
+ -
- C
lado
siph
on zo
ster
ae (J
. Aga
rdh)
Kyl
in*
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ C
lado
step
hus s
pong
iosu
m (H
udso
n) C
.Aga
rdh
+
- +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- +
- -
+ +
+ +
Col
pom
enia
per
egri
na S
auva
geau
* +
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Col
pom
enia
sinu
osa
(Mer
tens
ex
Rot
h) D
erbè
s & S
olie
r +
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ +
+ +
Cor
ynop
hlae
a um
bella
ta (C
.Aga
rdh)
Küt
zing
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- +
- -
- +
- +
- -
+ +
+ +
Cut
leri
a ch
ilosa
(Fal
kenb
erg)
P.C
.Silv
a -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
Cys
tose
ira
amen
tace
a va
r. st
rict
a M
onta
gne
- -
- +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ C
ysto
seir
a ba
rbat
a (S
tack
hous
e) C
.Aga
rdh
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
+ -
- +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ C
ysto
seir
a bo
spho
rica
Sau
vage
au
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- C
ysto
seir
a co
mpr
essa
(Esp
er) G
erlo
ff &
Niz
amud
din
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ -
+
16
App
endi
x 1.
Con
tinue
d
Cys
tose
ira
com
pres
sa f.
pla
na (E
rceg
ovič
) Cor
mac
i, G
.Fur
nari,
G
iacc
one,
Sca
mm
anca
& D
.Ser
io
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+
Cys
tose
ira c
rinita
Dub
y +
- +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
Cys
tose
ira
foen
icul
acea
(L.)
Gre
ville
f. fo
enic
ulac
ea
- -
+ -
- -
- +
+ -
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ +
+ C
ysto
seir
a fo
enic
ulac
ea f.
tenu
iram
osa
(Erc
egov
ič) A
.Góm
ez
Gar
reta
, M.C
.Bar
celó
, M.A
.Rib
era
& J.
Rul
l Llu
ch
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+
Cys
tose
ira
mon
tagn
ei v
ar. c
ompr
essa
(Erc
egov
ić) M
. Ver
laqu
e, A
. B
lanf
uné,
C.F
. Bou
dour
esqu
e, T
. Thi
baut
& L
.N. S
ella
m
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
Dic
tyot
a di
chot
oma
(Hud
son)
J.V
.Lam
ouro
ux v
ar. d
icho
tom
a +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Dic
tyot
a di
chot
oma
var.
intr
icat
a (C
.Aga
rdh)
Gre
ville
+
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Dic
tyot
a fa
scio
la (R
oth)
J.V
.Lam
ouro
ux v
ar. f
asci
ola
+ -
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ D
icty
ota
linea
ris (
C.A
gard
h) G
revi
lle
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- D
icty
ota
spir
alis
Mon
tagn
e +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Ecto
carp
us sp
. -
- +
+ +
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
- -
- -
+ -
Ecto
carp
us c
roua
nior
um T
hure
t +
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Ecto
carp
us fa
scic
ulat
us H
arve
y +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ +
Ecto
carp
us fa
scic
ulat
us v
ar. r
efra
ctus
(Küt
zing
) Ard
isson
e**
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Ec
toca
rpus
silic
ulos
us v
ar. a
rctu
s (K
ützi
ng) G
alla
rdo
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ Ec
toca
rpus
silic
ulos
us v
ar. d
asyc
arpu
s (K
ucku
ck) G
alla
rdo
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ Ec
toca
rpus
silic
ulos
us v
ar. h
iem
alis
(P.L
. et H
.M. C
roua
n ex
K
jellm
an) G
alla
rdo*
+
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ +
- +
Ecto
carp
us si
licul
osus
var
. pen
icill
atus
C. A
gard
h +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ +
- +
Ecto
carp
us si
licul
osus
var
. pyg
mae
us (A
resc
houg
) Gal
lard
o**
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Ec
toca
rpus
silic
ulos
us (D
illw
yn) L
yngb
ye v
ar. s
ilicu
losu
s +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
+ +
+ +
- +
+ +
+ +
Elac
hist
a st
ella
ris
Are
scho
ug
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- Eu
desm
e vi
resc
ens
(Car
mic
hael
ex
Berk
eley
) J. A
gard
h +
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- +
- +
+ +
+ +
Feld
man
nia
glob
ifera
(Küt
zing
) G.H
amel
+
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ +
+ +
Feld
man
nia
irre
gula
ris (
Küt
zing
) G.H
amel
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
17
App
endi
x 1.
Con
tinue
d
Feld
man
nia
lebe
lii (P
.L. &
H.M
. Cro
uan)
G.H
amel
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- +
- +
+ -
- +
+ +
+ +
+ +
Feld
man
nia
mitc
helli
ae (H
arve
y) H
.-S.K
im
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
- +
- +
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ Fe
ldm
anni
a pa
dina
e (B
uffh
am) G
.Ham
el
+ -
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ -
- Fe
ldm
anni
a pa
rado
xa v
ar. c
aesp
itula
(J. A
gard
h) C
orm
aci &
G
.Fur
nari
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+
Feld
man
nia
para
doxa
(Mon
tagn
e) G
.Ham
el v
ar. p
arad
oxa
+ -
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ G
irau
dia
spha
cela
rioi
des D
erbè
s & S
olie
r +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- +
Hal
opte
ris f
ilici
na (G
rate
loup
) Küt
zing
+
- +
+ +
- +
- -
- -
- +
- -
- +
- +
- -
+ +
- +
Hal
opte
ris s
copa
ria
(L.)
Sauv
agea
u +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ +
- +
Hal
othr
ix lu
mbr
ical
is (K
ützi
ng) R
eink
e*
+ -
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ H
erpo
nem
a sp
. (Bo
rnet
ex
Sauv
agea
u) H
amel
**
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ H
inck
sia
fusc
ata
(Zan
ardi
ni) P
.C.S
ilva
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- H
inck
sia
gran
ulos
a (J
.E.S
mith
) P.C
.Silv
a +
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Hin
cksi
a sa
ndri
ana
(Zan
ardi
ni) P
.C. S
ilva
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ H
ydro
clat
hrus
cla
thra
tus (
C.A
gard
h) M
.How
e +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Kuc
kuck
ia sp
inos
a (K
ützi
ng) K
ornm
ann
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- K
uetz
ingi
ella
bat
ters
ii (B
orne
t ex
Sauv
agea
u) K
ornm
ann
+
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
Mes
oglo
ia la
nosa
P.L
. et H
.M. C
roua
n +
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Mes
oglo
ia le
veill
ei (J
. Aga
rdh)
Men
eghi
ni
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ M
esog
loia
ver
mic
ulat
a (J
.E.S
mith
) S.F
. Gra
y +
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Mic
roco
ryne
oce
llata
Strö
mfe
lt +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
Mic
rosp
ongi
um g
lobo
sum
Rei
nke*
-
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Mik
rosy
phar
pol
ysip
honi
ae K
ucku
ck
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ +
+ M
yria
ctul
a ar
abic
a (K
ützi
ng) F
eldm
ann
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ +
+ M
yria
ctul
a ri
vula
riae
(Suh
r) F
eldm
ann
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ +
+ M
yrio
nem
a or
bicu
lare
J.A
gard
h +
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- +
- -
+ +
- +
- +
+ +
- +
Myr
ione
ma
stra
ngul
ans G
revi
lle
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- +
+ -
+ -
- +
+ +
+
18
App
endi
x 1.
Con
tinue
d
Myr
iotr
ichi
a cl
avifo
rmis
Har
vey
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ -
+ N
emac
ystu
s fle
xuos
us (C
. Aga
rdh)
Kyl
in v
ar. g
irau
dyi (
J. A
gard
h)
de Jo
ng
+ -
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+
Padi
na p
avon
ica
(L.)
Thiv
y +
- +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ +
- +
Peta
loni
a fa
scia
(O.F
.Mül
ler)
Kun
tze
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- +
+ -
- +
- +
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ Pe
talo
nia
zost
erifo
lia (R
eink
e) K
untz
e +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Prot
ecto
carp
us sp
ecio
sus
(Bør
gese
n) K
ornm
ann
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- +
+ +
+ Ps
eudo
litho
derm
a ad
riat
icum
(Hau
ck) V
erla
que
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- Pu
ncta
ria
latif
olia
Gre
ville
+
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- +
- +
+ +
+ +
Punc
tari
a pl
anta
gine
a (R
oth)
Gre
ville
-
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
Punc
tari
a te
nuis
sim
a (C
. Aga
rdh)
Gre
ville
* +
- +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Ralfs
ia v
erru
cosa
(Are
scho
ug) A
resc
houg
+
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Sarg
assu
m v
ulga
re C
.Aga
rdh
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Sa
uvag
eaug
loia
div
aric
ata
(Cle
men
te) C
rem
ades
+
- +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
Scyt
osip
hon
doty
i M.J.
Wyn
ne*
- +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Sc
ytos
ipho
n lo
men
tari
a (L
yngb
ye) L
ink
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- +
- +
+ -
- +
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ Sp
erm
atoc
hnus
par
adox
us (R
oth)
Küt
zing
-
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Spha
cela
ria
cirr
osa
(Rot
h) C
.Aga
rdh
+ -
+ +
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- +
+ -
+ -
- +
+ +
+ Sp
hace
lari
a ri
gidu
la K
ützi
ng
+ -
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- +
+ +
+ Sp
hace
lari
a tr
ibul
oide
s M
eneg
hini
+
- +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
Spon
gone
ma
tom
ento
sum
(Hud
son)
Küt
zing
-
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Stic
tyos
ipho
n ad
riat
icus
Küt
zing
+
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Stic
tyos
ipho
n so
rife
rus (
Rei
nke)
Ros
envi
nge
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- St
iloph
ora
nodu
losa
(C.A
gard
h) P
.C.S
ilva
+ -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ St
iloph
ora
tene
lla (E
sper
) P.C
.Silv
a +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ +
+ +
Stre
blon
ema
para
sitic
um (S
auva
geau
) De
Toni
-
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Stri
aria
atte
nuat
a (G
revi
lle) G
revi
lle
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
+ -
-
19
App
endi
x 1.
Con
tinue
d
Ulo
nem
a rh
izop
horu
m F
oslie
* -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
RH
OD
OPH
YT
A (R
ED
AL
GA
E)
Ac
roch
aetiu
m c
rass
ipes
(Bør
gese
n) B
ørge
sen
+ -
- +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ Ac
roch
aetiu
m m
ahum
etan
um H
amel
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Acro
chae
tium
mic
rosc
opic
um (N
ägel
i ex
Küt
zing
) Näg
eli
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ Ac
roch
aetiu
m p
arvu
lum
(Kyl
in) H
oyt
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ -
+ Ac
roch
aetiu
m se
cund
atum
(Lyn
gbye
) Näg
eli
+ -
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ Ac
roch
aetiu
m v
irga
tulu
m (H
arve
y) B
atte
rs
- -
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ +
+ Ac
rodi
scus
vid
ovic
hii (
Men
eghi
ni) Z
anar
dini
-
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
Acro
sori
um c
iliol
atum
(Har
vey)
Kyl
in
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- Ag
laot
ham
nion
sp.
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- Ag
laot
ham
nion
tenu
issi
mum
(Bon
nem
aiso
n) F
eldm
ann-
Maz
oyer
-
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- +
- -
- -
- +
- -
+ -
- +
Agla
otha
mni
on tr
ipin
natu
m (C
.Aga
rdh)
Fel
dman
n-M
azoy
er
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- +
- Al
sidi
um c
oral
linum
C.A
gard
h -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
Amph
iroa
rigi
da J.
V.L
amou
roux
+
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- +
- +
- -
+ +
- +
Amph
iroa
cry
ptar
thro
dia
Zana
rdin
i -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Anot
rich
ium
furc
ella
tum
(J.A
gard
h) B
aldo
ck
- +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- +
+ -
- -
+ -
+ -
+ -
- +
+ An
otri
chiu
m te
nue
(C.A
gard
h) N
ägel
i +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
Antit
ham
nion
cru
ciat
um (C
.Aga
rdh)
Näg
eli
+ +
+ -
+ -
- -
- +
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ -
- An
titha
mni
on h
ubbs
ii E.
Y.D
awso
n*
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- An
titha
mni
on sp
. -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Antit
ham
nion
ella
sp.
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- As
para
gops
is a
rmat
a H
arve
y [te
trasp
orop
hyte
]*
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
+ Ba
ngia
atr
opur
pure
a (M
erte
ns e
x R
oth)
C.A
gard
h -
- +
- +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Bonn
emai
soni
a ha
mife
ra H
ario
t [te
trasp
orop
hyte
]*
+ -
+ -
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ C
allit
ham
nion
cor
ymbo
sum
(J.E
.Sm
ith) L
yngb
ye
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ -
- +
+ +
+ -
- +
+ -
+ -
- +
+ -
+
20
App
endi
x 1.
Con
tinue
d
Cer
amiu
m c
iliat
um (J
.Elli
s) D
uclu
zeau
var
. cili
atum
+
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Cer
amiu
m c
iliat
um v
ar. r
obus
tum
(J.A
gard
h) F
eldm
ann-
Maz
oyer
+
+ -
- +
- -
- -
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
Cer
amiu
m c
irci
natu
m (K
ützi
ng) J
.Aga
rdh
- -
+ +
- -
- -
+ +
- +
+ -
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
+ -
+ C
eram
ium
des
long
cham
psii
Cha
uvin
ex
Dub
y -
+ +
+ -
- +
- -
- +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
- +
Cer
amiu
m d
iaph
anum
(Lig
htfo
ot) R
oth
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
- +
+ +
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ C
eram
ium
dia
phan
um v
ar. e
lega
ns (R
oth)
Rot
h +
- +
+ +
- +
- +
+ +
- +
- +
+ +
- -
- -
+ +
- +
Cer
amiu
m g
iacc
onei
Cor
mac
i & G
.Fur
nari
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- C
eram
ium
secu
ndat
um L
yngb
ye
- -
+ +
+ -
+ -
- +
- +
+ -
- +
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ +
+ C
eram
ium
siliq
uosu
m f.
min
uscu
lum
(G.M
azoy
er) G
arre
ta e
t al.
- -
- +
+ -
+ -
- +
+ -
- +
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ -
+ C
eram
ium
siliq
uosu
m v
ar. l
opho
phor
um (F
eldm
an-M
azoy
er) S
erio
+
- +
+ +
+ +
- -
+ +
+ +
- -
- +
- +
- -
- +
- +
Cer
amiu
m sp
. -
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- +
- +
- -
- -
+ -
Cer
amiu
m v
irga
tum
Rot
h +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
Cer
amiu
m v
irga
tum
var
. im
plex
o-co
ntor
tum
(Sol
ier)
G.F
urna
ri -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Cha
mpi
a pa
rvul
a (C
.Aga
rdh)
Har
vey
- -
- +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ C
hond
raca
nthu
s aci
cula
ris (
Rot
h) F
rede
ricq
- -
- +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ +
+ C
hond
ria
capi
llari
s (H
udso
n) M
.J.W
ynne
+
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
+ -
- +
- -
+ +
- +
Cho
ndri
a da
syph
ylla
(Woo
dwar
d) C
.Aga
rdh
- -
- -
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+ C
hond
ria
mai
rei G
.Fel
dman
n +
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
- -
Chr
ooda
ctyl
on o
rnat
um (C
.Aga
rdh)
Bas
son
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ C
hylo
clad
ia v
ertic
illat
a (L
ight
foot
) Blid
ing
+ -
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
+ -
- +
+ +
+ C
olac
onem
a co
dico
la (B
ørge
sen)
H.S
tege
nga,
J.J.B
olto
n, &
R
.J.A
nder
son
* +
- -
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
Col
acon
ema
davi
esii
(Dill
wyn
) Ste
geng
a +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
Col
acon
ema
savi
anum
(Men
eghi
ni) R
.Nie
lsen
+
+ +
- +
+ -
- -
+ +
+ +
- -
- +
- -
- -
+ +
+ +
Com
psot
ham
nion
thuy
oide
s (J.E
.Sm
ith) N
ägel
i -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Cor
allin
a of
ficin
alis
L.
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- +
+ -
- +
+ -
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ C
oral
lina
sp.
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
21
App
endi
x 1.
Con
tinue
d
Cry
pton
emia
lom
atio
n (B
erto
loni
) J.A
gard
h -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Das
ya b
aillo
uvia
na (S
.G.G
mel
in) M
onta
gne
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
- -
- D
asya
cor
ymbi
fera
J.A
gard
h +
- -
- +
- +
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- +
- -
- +
- -
Das
ya h
utch
insi
ae H
arve
y -
+ +
- +
- +
+ +
+ -
- +
- -
- +
- +
- +
- +
+ +
Das
ya ri
gidu
la (K
ützi
ng) A
rdiss
one
+ +
+ -
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
+ -
- -
+ -
+ D
asya
sp.
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- D
erm
ocor
ynus
dic
hoto
mus
(J.A
gard
h) G
argi
ulo,
M.M
orab
ito &
M
angh
isi
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
-
Ellis
olan
dia
elon
gata
(J.E
llis &
Sol
ande
r) K
.R.H
ind
&
G.W
.Sau
nder
s +
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
+ -
+ +
- -
+ +
- +
- +
+ +
+ +
Eupo
godo
n pl
anus
(C.A
gard
h) K
ützi
ng
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Er
ythr
ocys
tis m
onta
gnei
(Der
bès &
Sol
ier)
P.C
.Silv
a -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Eryt
hrot
rich
ia b
erth
oldi
i Bat
ters
**
- +
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- Er
ythr
otri
chia
car
nea
(Dill
wyn
) J.A
gard
h +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
Eryt
hrot
rich
ia in
vest
iens
(Zan
ardi
ni) B
orne
t -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Gan
onem
a fa
rino
sum
(J.V
.Lam
ouro
ux) K
.C. F
an &
Yun
g C
. Wan
g +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
Gay
liella
flac
cida
(Har
vey
ex K
ützi
ng) T
.O.C
ho &
L.J.
McI
vor
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- G
aylie
lla m
azoy
erae
T.O
.Cho
, Fre
deric
q &
Hom
mer
sand
+
+ +
+ -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
Gel
idie
lla lu
bric
a (K
ützi
ng) F
eldm
ann
& H
amel
-
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Gel
idie
lla n
igre
scen
s (Fe
ldm
ann)
Fel
dman
n &
Ham
el
- -
- +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ G
elid
ium
cri
nale
(Har
e ex
Tur
ner)
Gai
llon
- -
- +
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
+ +
- +
+ +
- -
+ +
+ +
+ G
elid
ium
pus
illum
(Sta
ckho
use)
Le
Jolis
-
- +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
+ -
Gel
idiu
m se
rra
(S.G
.Gm
elin
) E.T
aşkı
n &
M.J.
Wyn
ne
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- G
elid
ium
spin
osum
(S.G
.Gm
elin
) P.C
.Silv
a -
- +
+ +
- -
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Gra
cila
ria
burs
a-pa
stor
is (S
.G.G
mel
in) P
.C.S
ilva
- -
+ +
+ -
+ +
+ +
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
+ -
+ G
raci
lari
a du
ra (C
.Aga
rdh)
J.A
gard
h -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Gra
cila
ria
grac
ilis (
Stac
khou
se) M
.Ste
ento
ft, L
.M.Ir
vine
&
W.F
.Far
nham
-
- -
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- +
+ +
+ +
- +
+ +
- -
+ +
22
App
endi
x 1.
Con
tinue
d
Gra
telo
upia
filic
ina
(J.V
.Lam
ouro
ux) C
.Aga
rdh
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- G
ymno
gong
rus g
riffi
thsi
ae (T
urne
r) M
artiu
s -
+ -
+ -
- -
- +
- -
+ +
- +
+ +
- +
- -
- -
+ -
Hal
arac
hnio
n lig
ulat
um (W
oodw
ard)
Küt
zing
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Hal
iptil
on a
ttenu
atum
(Küt
zing
) Gar
bary
& Jo
hans
en
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- +
+ -
+ H
alop
ithys
incu
rva
(Hud
son)
Bat
ters
+
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
+ -
Hal
urus
flos
culo
sus (
J. El
lis) M
aggs
& H
omm
ersa
nd
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- H
alym
enia
latif
olia
P.C
roua
n &
H.C
roua
n ex
Küt
zing
-
- -
- +
- -
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
- +
- -
- +
- +
- -
Her
posi
phon
ia se
cund
a (C
. Aga
rdh)
Am
bron
n f.
secu
nda
+ +
+ -
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ H
erpo
siph
onia
secu
nda
f. te
nella
(C.A
gard
h) M
.J. W
ynne
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ +
Het
eros
ipho
nia
cris
pella
(C.A
gard
h) M
.J.W
ynne
+
+ +
- -
- -
- +
+ -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Hyd
rolit
hon
bore
ale
(Fos
lie) Y
.M.C
ham
berla
in
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- H
ydro
litho
n fa
rino
sum
var
. cha
licod
icty
um (W
.R.T
aylo
r) S
erio
+
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Hyd
rolit
hon
fari
nosu
m (J
.V.L
amou
r.) D
. Pen
rose
& Y
.M.
Cha
mbe
rlain
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
+ +
- +
- +
+ +
+ +
Hyp
nea
mus
cifo
rmis
(Wul
fen)
J.V
.Lam
ouro
ux
+ -
+ +
+ -
+ -
+ +
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ +
+ H
ypog
loss
um h
ypog
loss
oide
s (S
tack
hous
e) F
.Col
lins &
Her
vey
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ Ja
nia
adha
eren
s J.V
.Lam
ouro
ux
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Ja
nia
rube
ns (L
.) J.V
.Lam
ouro
ux
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ +
- +
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ K
ally
men
ia re
quie
nii (
J.A
gard
h) J.
Aga
rdh
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- La
uren
cia
glan
dulif
era
(Küt
zing
) Küt
zing
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Laur
enci
a ob
tusa
(Hud
son)
J.V
.Lam
ouro
ux
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- +
+ -
+ -
- +
+ +
+ La
uren
cia
pyra
mid
alis
Bor
y ex
Küt
zing
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Laur
enci
a uv
ifera
(For
sskå
l) Bø
rges
en
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Li
thop
hyllu
m c
oral
linae
(P.L
. & H
.M.C
roua
n) H
eydr
ich
- -
- +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Li
thop
hyllu
m c
ysto
seir
ae (H
auck
) Hey
dric
h -
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Lom
enta
ria
clav
ello
sa (L
ight
foot
ex
Turn
er) G
aillo
n +
- +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- +
- -
- -
- +
- +
Lom
enta
ria
clav
ello
sa f.
urv
illei
(J.V
.Lam
ouro
ux) E
.Taş
kın
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
23
App
endi
x 1.
Con
tinue
d
Lom
enta
ria
erce
govi
cii V
erla
que,
Bou
dour
esqu
e, M
eine
sz, G
iraud
&
Mar
cot C
oque
ugni
ot
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
Loph
osip
honi
a cr
ista
ta F
alke
nber
g -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Loph
osip
honi
a ob
scur
a (C
.Aga
rdh)
Fal
kenb
erg
+ +
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ M
elob
esia
mem
bran
acea
(Esp
er) J
.V.L
amou
roux
+
- -
+ +
+ +
- -
+ -
- +
- -
+ -
- +
- -
+ +
+ +
Mer
edith
ia m
icro
phyl
la (J
.Aga
rdh)
J.A
gard
h -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
Mes
ophy
llum
lich
enoi
des
(J.E
llis)
Me.
Lem
oine
+
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Nem
alio
n el
min
thoi
des (
Vel
ley)
Bat
ters
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Neo
siph
onia
elo
ngel
la (H
arve
y) M
.S.K
im &
I.K
.Lee
-
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- +
+ -
- +
- -
- -
- +
- +
Neo
siph
onia
sertu
lario
ides
(Gra
telo
up) K
.W.N
am &
P.J.
Kan
g +
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Nito
phyl
lum
pun
ctat
um (S
tack
hous
e) G
revi
lle
- -
- -
+ -
- -
+ +
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- O
smun
dea
pela
gien
sis G
.Fur
nari
- +
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- O
smun
dea
pinn
atifi
da (H
udso
n) S
tack
hous
e +
- +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
Osm
unde
a sp
ecta
bilis
(Pos
tels
& R
upre
cht)
K.W
.Nam
-
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Palis
ada
pate
ntir
amea
(Mon
tagn
e) C
assa
no, S
entíe
s, G
il-R
odríg
uez
& M
.T.F
ujii
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
+
Palis
ada
perf
orat
a (B
ory)
K.W
.Nam
+
- +
+ +
- +
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
Peys
sonn
elia
dub
yi P
.Cro
uan
& H
.Cro
uan
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- +
+ -
+ -
- +
+ -
+ Pe
ysso
nnel
ia ru
bra
(Gre
ville
) J.A
gard
h +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Peys
sonn
elia
squa
mar
ia (S
.G.G
mel
in) D
ecai
sne
+ -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Ph
yllo
phor
a cr
ispa
(Hud
son)
P.S
.Dix
on
+ -
- -
+ -
+ +
+ -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- Ph
yllo
phor
a si
cula
(Küt
zing
) Gui
ry &
L.M
.Irvi
ne
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Ph
ymat
olith
on c
alca
reum
(Pal
las)
W.H
.Ade
y &
D.L
.McK
ibbi
n ex
W
oelk
erlin
g &
L.M
.Irvi
ne
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
-
Phym
atol
ithon
leno
rman
dii (
Are
scho
ug) W
.H.A
dey
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- +
- +
+ -
- +
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ Pl
ocam
ium
car
tilag
ineu
m (L
.) P.
S.D
ixon
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pneo
phyl
lum
con
ferv
icol
a (K
ützi
ng) Y
.M.C
ham
berla
in
+ -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ Pn
eoph
yllu
m fr
agile
Küt
zing
+
- +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ +
24
App
endi
x 1.
Con
tinue
d
Poly
siph
onia
atr
a Za
nard
ini
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ +
+ -
- Po
lysi
phon
ia d
enud
ata
(Dill
wyn
) Gre
ville
ex
Har
vey
+ -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- Po
lysi
phon
ia d
eust
a (R
oth)
Spr
enge
l -
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
Poly
siph
onia
elo
ngat
a (H
udso
n) S
pren
gel
+ +
+ -
+ -
- -
- +
- -
+ +
- -
+ -
+ -
+ +
+ -
+ Po
lysi
phon
ia k
amps
axii
Bør
gese
n -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Poly
siph
onia
mor
rowi
i Har
vey*
-
+ +
- +
+ +
+ +
+ -
- +
- -
- +
- +
+ +
+ +
+ -
Poly
siph
onia
opa
ca (C
.Aga
rdh)
Mor
is &
De
Not
aris
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- +
- -
+ +
+ +
Poly
siph
onia
stri
cta
(Dill
wyn
) Gre
ville
-
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Poly
siph
onia
tene
rrim
a K
ützi
ng
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- Py
ropi
a le
ucos
ticta
(Thu
ret)
Nee
fus &
J.Br
odie
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
- +
+ -
+ -
+ +
- -
- +
+ +
- -
Porp
hyra
sp.
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- Po
rphy
ra u
mbi
lical
is K
ützi
ng
+ +
+ +
+ +
- +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
- +
- -
+ -
- +
- Pt
eroc
ladi
ella
cap
illac
ea (S
.G.G
mel
in) S
ante
lices
& H
omm
ersa
nd
+ -
- +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- Pt
eros
ipho
nia
penn
ata
(C.A
gard
h) S
auva
geau
+
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pter
otha
mni
on c
risp
um (D
uclu
zeau
) Näg
eli
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Pt
erot
ham
nion
plu
mul
a (J
.Elli
s) N
ägel
i -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Pter
otha
mni
on sp
. -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Rhod
ocho
rton
pur
pure
um (L
ight
foot
) Ros
envi
nge
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- +
+ -
+ -
- -
+ -
+ -
+ +
- Rh
odop
hylli
s div
aric
ata
(Sta
ckho
us) P
apen
fuss
-
- -
- +
- -
- +
+ -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
Rhod
ymen
ia a
rdis
sone
i (K
untz
e) F
eldm
ann
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
- -
- Ry
tiphl
aea
tinct
oria
(Cle
men
te) C
.Aga
rdh
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Sa
hlin
gia
subi
nteg
ra (R
osen
ving
e) K
ornm
ann
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ Sp
erm
otha
mni
on re
pens
(Dill
wyn
) Ros
envi
nge
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Sp
haer
ococ
cus c
oron
opifo
lius S
tack
hous
e -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Spyr
idia
fila
men
tosa
(Wul
fen)
Har
vey
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- St
ylon
ema
alsi
dii (
Zana
rdin
i) K
.M.D
rew
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
25
App
endi
x 1.
Con
tinue
d
Styl
onem
a co
rnu-
cerv
i Rei
nsch
+
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
Vert
ebra
ta fu
coid
es (H
udso
n) K
untz
e -
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
+ -
- +
+ -
- +
- +
- -
+ +
- +
Vert
ebra
ta fr
utic
ulos
a (W
ulfe
n) K
untz
e +
- +
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ -
- +
- -
- -
- +
+ +
Vert
ebra
ta su
bulif
era
(C.A
gard
h) K
untz
e +
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
- +
Vert
ebra
ta th
uyoi
des (
Har
vey)
Kun
tze
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Ve
rteb
rata
trip
inna
ta (H
arve
y) K
untz
e +
- +
+ +
- +
- +
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ +
- -
- +
- +
Wra
ngel
ia p
enic
illat
a (C
.Aga
rdh)
C.A
gard
h -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
CH
LO
RO
PHY
TA
(GR
EE
N A
LG
AE
)
Acet
abul
aria
ace
tabu
lum
(L.)
P.C
.Silv
a +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Blid
ingi
a m
argi
nata
(J.A
gard
h) P
. Dan
gear
d ex
Blid
ing
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Br
yops
is c
orym
bosa
J.A
gard
h +
- +
+ +
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ -
Bryo
psis
hyp
noid
es J.
V.L
amou
roux
+
+ -
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
- +
- -
+ -
- -
- +
- +
- +
Bryo
psis
plu
mos
a (H
udso
n) C
.Aga
rdh
+ -
- +
+ +
+ -
+ +
- +
+ +
- -
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ C
aule
rpa
cylin
drac
ea S
onde
r*
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- C
haet
omor
pha
aere
a (D
illw
yn) K
ützi
ng
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ C
haet
omor
pha
ligus
tica
(Küt
zing
) Küt
zing
+
- -
+ +
- +
- -
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ +
- -
- +
+ +
+ +
Cha
etom
orph
a lin
um (O
.F.M
ülle
r) K
ützi
ng
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ C
lado
phor
a al
bida
(Nee
s) K
ützi
ng
+ -
- +
+ -
+ -
- +
+ +
+ -
- +
- -
+ +
- +
+ -
+ C
lado
phor
a co
elot
hrix
Küt
zing
-
- -
+ +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
Cla
doph
ora
dalm
atic
a K
ützi
ng
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ C
lado
phor
a fle
xuos
a (O
.F.M
ülle
r) K
ützi
ng
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
+ +
- -
- C
lado
phor
a gl
omer
ata
(L.)
Küt
zing
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ +
- +
- -
- -
- -
+ +
- -
Cla
doph
ora
hutc
hins
iae
(Dill
wyn
) Küt
zing
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ +
- -
Cla
doph
ora
laet
evir
ens
(Dill
wyn
) Küt
zing
+
- -
+ +
+ -
+ +
+ -
- +
- -
- +
- -
- -
+ +
- +
Cla
doph
ora
lehm
anni
ana
(Lin
denb
erg)
Küt
zing
-
- +
- +
+ -
+ -
- +
- +
- -
- +
- -
- -
+ +
- -
Cla
doph
ora
nigr
esce
ns Z
anar
dini
ex
Frau
enfe
ld
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
26
App
endi
x 1.
Con
tinue
d
Cla
doph
ora
prol
ifera
(Rot
h) K
ützi
ng
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- C
lado
phor
a ru
pest
ris (
L.) K
ützi
ng
+ -
+ +
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ C
lado
phor
a se
rice
a (H
udso
n) K
ützi
ng
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ C
lado
phor
a sp
. +
- +
- +
+ +
- -
- -
- +
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
Cla
doph
ora
vaga
bund
a (L
.) H
oek
- -
+ -
+ -
- -
- +
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- C
odiu
m b
ursa
(Oliv
i) C
.Aga
rdh
+ -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- C
odiu
m fr
agile
(Sur
inga
r) H
ario
t sub
sp. f
ragi
le *
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
- +
- -
- +
- -
+ +
- +
- +
+ +
+ +
Cod
ium
sp.
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- C
odiu
m to
men
tosu
m S
tack
hous
e +
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Cod
ium
ver
mila
ra (O
livi)
Del
le C
hiaj
e -
- -
- -
- +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Das
ycla
dus v
erm
icul
aris
(Sco
poli)
Kra
sser
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
Ento
clad
ia sp
. -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
Epic
ladi
a flu
stra
e R
eink
e -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Gay
ralia
oxy
sper
ma
(Küt
zing
) K.L
.Vin
ogra
dova
ex
Scag
el e
t al.
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- Ly
chae
te p
ellu
cida
(Hud
son)
M.J.
Wyn
ne
- -
- +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
+ N
eost
rom
atel
la m
onos
trom
atic
a M
.J.W
ynne
, G.F
urna
ri &
R
.Nie
lsen
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
-
Pedo
besi
a si
mpl
ex (M
eneg
hini
ex
Küt
zing
) M.J.
Wyn
ne &
F.L
elia
ert
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- Pe
rcur
sari
a pe
rcur
sa (C
.Aga
rdh)
Ros
envi
nge
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- Ph
aeop
hila
den
droi
des (
P.L.
& H
.M. C
roua
n) B
atte
rs
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ Ps
eudo
chlo
rode
smis
furc
ella
ta (Z
anar
dini
) Bør
gese
n +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Rhiz
oclo
nium
ripa
rium
(Rot
h) H
arve
y -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Ulo
thri
x im
plex
a (K
ützi
ng) K
ützi
ng
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ +
+ -
- -
+ -
- +
+ -
+ U
lva
cf. a
ustr
alis
Are
scho
ug*,
**
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- U
lva
com
pres
sa L
. +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
Ulv
a cl
athr
ata
(Rot
h) C
.Aga
rdh
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ U
lva
curv
ata
(Küt
zing
) De
Toni
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
27
App
endi
x 1.
Con
tinue
d
Ulv
a fle
xuos
a W
ulfe
n -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
Ulv
a fle
xuos
a su
bsp.
par
adox
a (C
.Aga
rdh)
M.J.
Wyn
ne**
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
Ulv
a in
test
inal
is L
. +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
Ulv
a ky
linii
(Blid
ing)
H.S
.Hay
den
et a
l. +
- +
+ +
+ +
- -
+ +
+ +
- -
+ +
- +
- +
- +
+ -
Ulv
a la
ctuc
a L.
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Ulv
a la
etev
iren
s Are
scho
ug
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
+ -
- +
- -
- U
lva
linza
L.
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ U
lva
poly
clad
a K
raft
-
- -
- +
- -
- +
- -
- +
- +
+ -
- -
- -
+ +
+ -
Ulv
a pr
olife
ra F
.Mül
ler
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ U
lva
pseu
dolin
za (R
.P.T
.Koe
man
& H
oek)
H.S
.Hay
den
et a
l. -
- -
+ -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Ulv
a ro
tund
ata
Blid
ing*
* -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Ulv
a ri
gida
C.A
gard
h +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ -
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
Ulv
a ta
enia
ta (S
etch
ell)
Setc
hell
& N
.L.G
ardn
er
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- U
lvel
la le
ns P
.L.C
roua
n et
H.M
.Cro
uan
+ +
+ +
+ -
- -
- -
- -
+ -
- -
+ -
- -
- +
+ -
+ U
lvel
la le
ptoc
haet
e (H
uber
) R.N
ielse
n, C
.J.O
'Kel
ly &
B.W
ysor
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
+ +
- -
Ulv
ella
scut
ata
(Rei
nke)
R.N
ielse
n +
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
Ulv
ella
sp.
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- U
lvel
la v
irid
is (R
eink
e) R
.Nie
lsen,
C.J.
O'K
elly
& B
.Wys
or
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- U
mbr
aulv
a da
ngea
rdii
Wyn
ne &
G.F
urna
ri +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
Valo
nia
utri
culo
sa (R
oth)
C.A
garh
-
- -
+ -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
- -
SPE
RM
AT
OPH
YT
A
C
ymod
ocea
nod
osa
(Ucr
ia) A
sche
rson
+
- +
+ +
+ +
+ +
- -
- -
+ -
+ +
- -
- +
+ +
+ +
Posi
doni
a oc
eani
ca (L
.) D
elile
+
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- +
Zost
era
mar
ina
L.
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- Zo
ster
a no
ltei H
orne
man
n +
- -
+ +
- +
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- +
- -
*: A
lien
spec
ies;
**:
New
reco
rd fo
r Tur
kish
mar
ine
alga
l flo
ra.
28
