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Benefits of protease on top of carbohydrases at times of high protein prices in poultry

Ahmed Amerah, Global Technical Manager, Danisco Animal Nutrition

14 NOVEMBER 2012

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220240260280300320340360380400420440460480

Soybean meal prices (€)

Source: http://www.indexmundi.com/commodities/?commodity=soybean-meal&months=12&currency=eur

147 €

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In the news

7/26/2015

Nov 7 (Reuters) - U.S. wheat, corn and soybeans rose on

Wednesday as global markets rallied following President

Barack Obama's election victory, while an export-boosting fall

in the U.S. dollar also supported.

Nov 7 (Reuters) - Argentina's 2013 soybean crop may be 3

million to 6 million tonnes below earlier forecasts of 55

million to 56 million tonnes as repeated rain is disrupting

sowing.

Presentation objective

How DuPont/Danisco Animal

Nutrition can help reduce feed costs

at times of volatile vegetable protein

prices

Some strategies to cope with high raw material prices

New raw materials

Greater focus on quality issues

Feed formulation strategies (e.g. decrease energy/ nutrient levels with some loss of performance)

Increased use of feed additives (enzymes and synthetic amino acids)

Maximise nutrient extraction (enzymes, feed processing)

Ravindran (2007)

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Presentation overview

Soybean meal alternatives

Features of Danisco protease

Research data to support the use of protease

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Major protein meals production % (2012)

United States Department of Agriculture

Foreign Agricultural Service

The second largest component of poultry feed after cereals is the

protein source

68

13

5

1 6

2 3 2

Soybean Meal

Rapeseed Meal

Sunflower Meal

Copra Meal

Cottonseed Meal

Fish Meal

Palm Kernel Meal

Peanut Meal

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Comparison of protein level and digestibility in some

vegetable protein sources (% "as received") 1

CP level CP

digestibility Cost/t (€)

Cost (€) per unit

of dig. protein

Soybean meal 48.0 89 462 10.7

Rapeseed meal 34.0 78 288 10.9

Sunflower meal 28.0 83 233 10.0

Wheat DDGS 37.5 71 265 10.0

1 Premier atlas, ingredients matrix 2008 ; Cozannet et al. 2009 and 2010

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Metabolisable energy in some vegetable protein

sources (kcal/kg)

Source: Premier atlas, ingredients matrix 2008

2462

1673 1482

2605

Soybeanmeal

Rapeseedmeal

Sunflowermeal

WheatDDGS

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Non-starch polysaccharide in some vegetable protein

sources (% dry matter)

15

21

25 23

Soybeanmeal

Rapeseedmeal

Sunflowermeal

WheatDDGS

Source: Danisco Non Starch Polysaccharide (NSP) database (2012); Widyaratne and Zijlstra (2007)

Soybean meal proteins

P = protein bodies

Glycinin + b-conglycinin 80%

Antinutritional factors 5%

Other proteins 15%

Fischer (2006)

Global soybean meal survey (88% DM)1

1Source: Mateos 2012

n DM CP CF NDF EE TIA

(g/kg)

ARG 136 885 45.4c 4.8b 9.2b 1.7ab 2.5b

BRA 131 88.6 46.6b 5.5a 10.6a 1.8a 2.6b

USA 164 88.6 47.3a 3.8c 7.8c 1.6b 3.1a

SEM 0.08 0.12 0.08 0.13 0.04 0.05

P NS *** *** *** ** ***

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Protein digestion

aminopeptidases

dipeptidases

Protein

Smaller peptides

oligopeptides and dipeptides

amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides

www.cellinteractive.com/ucla/nutrition_101/phys_lect3b.html

Active transport

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Agenda

High prices and volatility of soybean meal

Features of Danisco protease

Research data to support the use of protease

The protease in Avizyme® 1505

Bacillus Subtilis serine endopeptidase

Designed for rapid hydrolysis of proteins

Degrades Soybean storage proteins

Degrades soybean anti-nutritional factors

proteins

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Effect of Danisco protease on trypsin inhibitor activity

in raw soybean

Measured in a slurry at 50ºC, enzyme at 1% w/w

*Control TIA 47.5 mg/g after 1 hour incubation

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Try

psin

in

hib

ito

r acti

vit

y*

(%

of

co

ntr

ol)

Incubation time (h)

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Agenda

High prices and volatility of soybean meal

Features of Danisco protease

Research data to support the use of protease

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Effects of protease on top of XA on amino acid digestibility

in diets with or without corn DDGS

Meta-analysis of 4 Trials with similar design: Massey University, NZ and U. of Illinois, USA

21-d digestibility trials

Ross 308 males

Three treatments in each trial: control, XA, and XAP (Avizyme 1505)

Two trials with corn/SBM based and two trials with corn/SBM/DDGS (7-10%)

Amino acid digestibility evaluated on an apparent ileal basis

Titanium oxide was marker

Mixed Procedure of SAS. Experiment was random term

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Addition of XAP increased amino acid digestibility by 2.8%

compared to 0.4% for XA

-0.5% -0.6%

1.4%

1.0%

0.5%

0.0%

-0.5%-0.3%

0.6%

0.0%

1.6%

0.4%

1.2%

0.6%

5.6%

3.5%

2.1%

1.5%

2.9%

1.4%

5.1% 5.1%

4.6%

2.8%

-1%

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

8%

Lys Met Cys Thr Val Arg

Dif

fen

ren

ce

fro

m c

on

tro

l (%

)

XA - Corn/Soy XA - Corn/Soy/DDGS

XAP - Corn/Soy XAP - Corn/Soy/DDGS

2.8%

0.4%

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Why are there differences in the

response to enzymes between

the different amino acids?

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Avizyme 1505 (XAP) effects on undigested fraction of

amino acids were very consistent

y = 0.03x

R2 = 0.56

y = 0.03x

R2 = 0.42

y = 0.12x

R2 = 0.96

y = 0.13x

R2 = 0.94

-0.20

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0

Apparently undigested fraction of amino acid (g/kg)

Ap

pare

nt

up

lift

on

am

ino

acid

dig

esti

bilit

y (

g/k

g)

XA-Corn/SBM XAP-Corn/SBM

XA-Corn/SBM/DDGS XAP-Corn/SBM/DDGS

Each dot represent a single amino acid

3% improvement

12.5% improvement

9.5 %

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Amino acids with high concentration x low digestibility had

greater improvements due to Avizyme® 1505

Amino

acid

Ileal

digestible

(g/kg)

Ileal

digestibility

(%)

Ileal undigested

fraction (g/kg)

Digestibility

coefficient (%)

Ileal digestible

(g/kg)

Lysine 12.2 87.1 1.81 1.4 0.17

Methionine 5.9 93.3 0.42 0.7 0.04

Cysteine 2.4 72.2 0.91 5.8 0.14

Threonine 6.1 75.3 2.01 3.7 0.23

Valine 8.6 81.1 2.00 2.4 0.20

Total of

17 A.A

34.61 4.10

7/26/2015

Avizyme 1505 effect

Improvement due to Avizyme 1505 = 11.8%

Corn/SBM

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Amino acids with high concentration x low digestibility had

greater improvements due to Avizyme® 1505

Amino

acid

Ileal

digestible

(g/kg)

Ileal

digestibility

(%)

Ileal undigested

fraction (g/kg)

Digestibility

coefficient (%)

Ileal digestible

(g/kg)

Lysine 10.8 82.6 2.28 2.6 0.29

Methionine 5.7 90.1 0.62 1.3 0.07

Cysteine 2.5 68.9 1.12 4.9 0.12

Threonine 5.8 71.3 2.33 4.9 0.29

Valine 8.0 77.3 2.36 4.3 0.34

Total of

17 A.A

40.10 5.22

7/26/2015

Avizyme 1505 effect

Improvement due to Avizyme 1505 = 13%

Corn/SBM/DDGS

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What does that mean?

XAP effects on amino acid digestibility may be predicted based on ileal undigested fraction: ~12.5% of ileal undigested amino acids

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DESIGN

720 male Ross 308 broiler chicks housed in floor pens

6 treatments with 8 pen replicates/treatment and 15 birds/pen

Corn/Wheat/Wheat DDGS/Soybean meal-based mash diets

6 dietary treatments

• Positive control (PC)

• Negative control (NC; - 85kcal ME/kg feed, - 2.5% amino acids versus PC)

• NC + 200 g/t competitor protease

• NC + 500 g/t competitor carbohydrase (Amylase + β-glucanase + xylanase)

• NC + 700 g/t competitor protease + carbohydrase (Amylase + β-glucanase + xylanase)

• NC + 200 g/t Avizyme 1505

Birds and feed weighed at 42 days of age

Avizyme 1505 outperforms competitor products in broilers fed

mixed grain diets

1505.UK.B.10.19

Roslin Nutrition, Midlothian, UK

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1505.UK.B.10.19

Roslin Nutrition, Midlothian, UK

Avizyme 1505 outperforms competitor products in broilers fed

mixed grain diets

Weight gain (g, 1-42 days)

2826 ab

2766 bc

2705 cd 2696 cd

2857 a

2676 d

PC NC NC + P NC + CHO NC + P

+ CHO

NC +

Avizyme

1505 PC = Positive control NC = Negative Control

CHO = amylase + β-glucanase + xylanase P = Protease

a,b,c,d P

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1505.UK.B.10.19

Roslin Nutrition, Midlothian, UK

Avizyme 1505 outperforms competitor products in broilers fed

mixed grain diets

FCRc* (1-42 days)

1.80 c

1.84 bc

1.88 ab

1.80 c

1.93 a

1.90 a

PC NC NC + P NC + CHO NC +

Avizyme

1505

* FCR corrected 3 points for every 100g difference in bodyweight versus the Positive control

a,b,c P

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1505.UK.B.10.19

Roslin Nutrition, Midlothian, UK

Avizyme 1505 outperforms competitor products in broilers fed

mixed grain diets

Τ Expressed relative to the Positive control, including product prices

Cost/kg gain (%) τ

100

103 103

101

100

97

PC NC NC + P NC + CHO NC +

Avizyme

1505

NC + P

+ CHO

PC = Positive control NC = Negative Control

CHO = amylase + β-glucanase + xylanase P = Protease

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Danisco Animal Nutrition can help reduce feed costs at

times of volatile vegetable protein prices

Basal diet

(BD)*

BD + Avizyme

1505 (CP&AA)*

BD + Avizyme

1505 (full matrix)*

Ingredient price

(€/t)

Corn 48 50 51 245

Wheat 15 15 15 235

SBM 48% 28 26 26 477

Rapeseed meal 3.0 3.0 3.0 300

Soy oil 3.1 2.9 1.6 910

Economics

Feed cost (€/t) 339.3 337.3 328.6 -

Net savings (€/t) - -2.0 -10.7 -

* Calculated analysis for all diets: 20% CP and 12.7 MJ/kg ME

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Conclusions – Take home messages

Protease on top of XA increased digestibility of undigested amino acid

fraction from ~3.0% (XA) to 12.5 % (XAP)

In the current situation of high raw material prices, enzymes are one of the

tools to help reduce the price pressure on poultry producers and consumers

Using matrix values for Avizyme 1505 (energy, protein and amino acids)

allows reductions of 10.7 €/t and for protein and amino acids 2.0 €/t

Copyright © 2012 DuPont or its affiliates. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™ Danisco® and all products denoted with ™ or ® are

registered trademarks or trademarks of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company or its affiliates.

7/26/2015