Quick Review & Looking Forward

Bell Ringer 11/20/2013m.socrative.com - Room #38178QUESTIONS: (Multiple choice on Socrative!)Of the pieces Im asking you to recognize1. Which one by MOZART is written FOR PIANO ONLY?2. Which one by MOZART is written ONLY FOR STRINGS?3. Which one by MOZART is in a MINOR KEY?

USE YOUR DEVICES IF YOU HAVE ONE its so much quicker to grade when you submit them electronically!!!

QUIZ TOMORROW!

Well go over what will be on it at the end of class today.(AND well practice the musical examples again.)Ludwig van Beethoven1770-1827Classical Symphony - ComposersLudwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)Wrote 9 symphoniesGreatly increased the forms weight and sizeIncreased the technical demands on every instrumentOccasionally enlarged the classical orchestra by writing parts for piccolo, trombones, contrabassoon, triangle, cymbals, and bass drumPlayed piano, viola, and violin

Ludwig Van BeethovenOne of seven children (though only three survived infancy)

His first music teacher was his father, who is known as being a very strict instructorBeethoven was often standing at the keyboard in tears

Beethovens dad, familiar with the success of the Mozart children, attempted to exploit his son as a child prodigyActually claimed he was 6 on the posters for his first performance (he was actually 7)

Ludwig Van BeethovenHe began composing at age 13His organ teacher taught him compositionHis first piece was published in the same year

Got his first job at the court chapel of Andrea Luchesi at age 14

Moved to Vienna in 1787 in hopes of studying with MozartThey met, and studied under a lot of the same people, but Beethoven never took lessons from Mozart

Ludwig Van BeethovenOnce Mozart passed away, there was a widespread feeling that Beethoven would be his successor

His works had a somewhat Mozartean flavor

He also took lessons from SalieriMozarts supposed nemesis that (rumor has it) murdered Mozart

His first public performance (of one of his piano concertos) in Vienna was in March 1795

His first 3 piano concertos were a financial success his profits were sufficient to cover all of his living expenses for a year

Beethovens DeafnessDuring the 18th century, his hearing began to deteriorate significantly

He lost his hearing over time due to irregular ear cartilageStarted losing his hearing in his 20s

He continued to compose, conduct, and perform after becoming completely deaf

Beethovens DeafnessBecause he lost his hearing overtime, he knew what music sounded like

Though he couldnt literally hear the key he pressed on the piano, he knew in his head what it would sound like

It is documented that to hear chordal relationships, he cut the legs off his piano so it could sit on the floor. When we would hit a key, he would lean his ear to the floor, listening to the vibrations created by the notesLudwig van Beethoven - InnovationWas the singular transitional figure between classicism and RomanticismWell revisit him at the start of the next unit

Wanted to expand the classical symphonic form to accommodate greater emotional character

The typical classical symphony has movements with contrasting and unrelated themes Beethoven moved toward a single thematic development throughoutA unity of emotion in a single workMovements would no longer sound like 4 separate piecesLudwig van Beethoven - InnovationAlso changed the traditional relationships among movements took out the stop/break between them at timesSymphony No. 6 no break between the 4th and 5th movementsSymphony No. 5 no break occurs between the third and fourth movements

Beethoven vs. MozartDiffers significantly from Mozart

Pieces were more dramatic and used changing dynamics for starker emotional effects

Silence was used to pursue both dramatic and structural ends

Works are MUCH LONGERSymphony No. 5His symphonies draw heavily on imagery (though not quite program music)

Symphony No. 5 fate knocking at the door

Written 1804-1808His work was interrupted to complete other things (operas, quartets, etc.)

One of the most well-known compositions in classical music and one of the most frequently played symphonies of all timeSymphony No. 5The 5th and 6th symphonies premiered at the same concert in 1808Beethoven was in his mid-30s, almost near deafBeethoven conducted it himself4 HOUR CONCERTAlso featured a piano concerto, an aria, and a massThe orchestra only had one rehearsal and performed poorlyAt one point, Beethoven stopped the music and started againThe auditorium was cold and the audience was exhausted by the end

Symphony No. 5The 5th Symphony only started to receive praise after it was published the following year

Received extravagant praise

Scored for piccolo, 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, contrabassoon, 2 horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones, timpani, and stringsNo symphony had ever included trombones or piccolo

Symphony No. 5About 30 minutes in length

4 movements the 1st movement is the one you need to know

The first movement opens with a four-note motif (one of the most recognized motifs in all of western music)

In sonata form, with lots of imitation at the beginningBeethovens Symphony 5Development: 3:03Recap: 7:05

Symphony No. 5 - DiscoIn the 70s, Walter Murphy released A Fifth of Beethoven

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ouMaLRth-s

Symphony No. 9His 9 symphonies became progressively more RomanticThe finale of the 9th symphony includes a chorus singing Ode to Joy (Ode to Joy was a poem by Friedrich Schiller)First time a chorus was used with an orchestraBeethovens Symphony No 9 Finale

The final complete symphony Beethoven wroteCompleted in 1824

Critics consider it Beethovens greatest workOne of the most played symphonies in the world

Symphony No. 9Was commissioned (paid for by an orchestra to be written)Beethoven was completely deaf

Composed from 1822-1824Bridges the gap from Classical to Romantic

Premiered in May 1824His first onstage performance in 12 years

Symphony No. 9It was conducted by BeethovenUmlauf (the theater director) had worked with Beethoven previously at a dress rehearsal of Beethovens opera Fidelio, Beethovens conducting resulted in disaster. This time, Umlauf told the performers to completely ignore Beethovens directionWhen the symphony ended, Beethoven was a couple measures off and still conducting One of the singers turned Beethoven around to accept the applauseThe audience accepted him with respect and sympathy

There were 5 standing ovationsThey threw handkerchiefs, hats, and their hands in the air so that the deaf Beethoven could SEE the response

Symphony No. 9Written for more parts than any symphony had ever had beforePiccolo, 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, contrabassoon, 4 horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones, full string section, soprano solo, alto solo, tenor solo, baritone solo, SATB choir, timpani, bass drum, triangle, and cymbals

The 4th movement is the famous one youll need to knowBeethovens Symphony No. 9 Finale (4:24)Considered a symphony within a symphonySymphony No. 9Very simple melody that he wrote when he was completely deaf

Family Guy Clip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_U7IaueOy_g

Moonlight SonataPiano Sonata No. 14

Completed in 1801 and dedicated to one of his students

One of his most popular compositions for pianoKnown as the Moonlight Sonata not a title that Beethoven gave the piece

It was very popular in Beethovens time, so much that he got sick of hearing it Surely Ive written better things.

Beethovens Moonlight SonataPathetiqueWritten in 1798 when Beethoven was 27

Was named by the publisher

Inspired by Mozarts piano sonata K 457

The second movement is the famous one you need to knowIn Rondo Form (ABACA)The theme is very similar to Mozarts piano sonata No. 14Beethovens Pathetique (mvt. 2)Listening Recognition PracticeOn the Quiz and Test youll need to recognize certain famous pieces of musicListening Recognition PracticeOn your paper is a list of the pieces you need to know

Simply write the number next to what you think is being played.

http://nohsbands.weebly.comSTUDYHover over Arts and Humanities and click Classical Period.

Also Study(Nothing from the Intro notes)Classical Music Characteristics Notes: 1, 3, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12Mozart Notes: 1, 2, 4, 10Beethoven Notes: 1, 3, 5, 11