Beliefs n Tradition

7/29/2019 Beliefs n Tradition

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BELIEFS


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MALAY

RELIGION TABOO


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ISLAM

1. Shahada (Testify)

2. Salah (Prayer)

3. Siyam (Fasting)

4. Zakat (Charity)

5. Hajj (PilgrimagePillarsof Islam

1. Believe in God (Allah) 2. Believe in Mala-eka (angles)

3. Believe in the Book of Allah (Al- Quran)

4. Believe in the Prophets of Allah

5. Belief in Yawm al-Qiyama (Day of Judgement)

6. Qada wal-Qada (Destiny, Divine Decree)

Pillarsof Faith

Islam is the official religion of Malaysia.Islam is thought to have been brought to Malaysia

around the 13th century by Indian traders.


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Muslims believe in One, Unique, Incomparable God

The Angels created by Him

The prophets through whom His revelations were brought tomankind

The Day of Judgment and individual accountability for action

God's complete authority over human destiny and in life after

death.

Muslims believe in a chain of prophets starting with Adam and

including Noah, Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, Job,

Moses, Aaron, David, Solomon, Elias, Jonah, John the Baptist, andJesus, peace be upon them.

God's final message to man, a reconfirmation of the eternalmessage and a summing-up of all that has gone beforewas revealed to the Prophet Muhammad through Gabriel.

Muslims

Beliefs

Quran

Sunna (the practice and example of the Prophet)

Hadith (reliably transmitted report of what the

Prophet said, did, or approved.)

Sacred

Sources


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TABOO

Do not point finger towards the rainbow, the

consequences of your finger will be crippled.

Rationale : Rainbow appears indicating

drizzle. So if we drabble rain, well fever.

Do not sit on the pillow or else you will

get sores on your backside

Rationale : The pillows are used of the

head, so it is not polite to sit on it.


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Do not sing in the kitchen, or you(woman)

will marry someone who is way older than

you expect

Rationale : You might be careless while

cooking in order to avoid accidents.

Do not open an umbrella in the house, lest the

snake will enter the house.

Rationale : The sharp corner on the umbrella in

case of negligence which may puncture the eye.


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CHINESE

RELIGION TABOO


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BUDDHISM

Buddha (the teacher)

Dharma (the teaching)

Sangha (the community)The ThreeJewels

To live is to sufferThe cause of suffering is self-centered desire &

attachments

The solution is to eliminate desire and attachment, thus

achieving Nirvana (extinction)

The way to Nirvanais through the Eight-Fold Path

The FourNoble

Truth

The middle way of wisdom and compassion

A 2500 year old tradition that began in India and spread and diversifiedthroughout the Far East


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Buddha (the teacher)

Dharma (the teaching)

Sangha (the community)

The Three

Jewels

To live is to suffer

The cause of suffering is self-centered desire & attachments

The solution is to eliminate desire and attachment, thus

achieving Nirvana (extinction)

The way to Nirvanais through the Eight-Fold Path

The Four

Noble Truths

Wisdom

Right understanding

Right motivation

Moral Discipline

Right speech

Right action Right livelihood

Mental Discipline

Right effort

Right mindfullness

Right meditation

The Eight

Fold Paths


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Rebirth (reincarnation) results from attachments

(karma) Nirvana (peaceful detached state of mind)

Achieving Nirvana is escaping from the cycle of

rebirth.

BuddhistBeliefs

Tripitaka (the PaliCannon)the Three Baskets:

Vinaya(discipline) rules for monastic life

Sutta(discourse) sermons of the Buddha Abhidhamma(metaphysical teachings)

Dhammapada collected sayings of the Buddha

Buddhists

Texts


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TABOO

Do not take credit for achievement.

Rationale : Consider as very prideful.

Do not show the bottom of your shoes.

Rationale : In China, people walk almost

everywhere. Shoes tend to collect more

dirt and junk than in Western countries.


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Young children should not eat chicken feet as

it is believed they might not be able to writewell when they start school.

One long noodle is typically slurped on

ones birthday, but revelers beware. The

noodle should not be bitten or cut as

this could shorten ones life.


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Do not place a mirror directly facing your bed.

The mirror attracts wandering spirits whocome to steal your consciousness.

Do not whistle at nigh.

It can attract the attention of

wandering spirits and then follows you

home.


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INDIAN

RELIGION TABOO


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HINDUISM

Brahman (one impersonal Ultimate Reality )

Atman (true essence of life )

Karma (spiritual impurity due to actions keeps us bound to this world (good and bad))

Samsara (reincarnation )Mokhsa (ultimate goal of life- to release Atman and reunite with the divine, becoming

as one with Brahman )

Hindus

Beliefs

Brahma ( the creator god)

Vishnu ( the preserve god)

Shiva (god of constructive destruction) + Parvati + Ganesha (theelephant headed remover of obstacles)

Saraswati ( goddess of wisdom, consort of Brahma)

Lakshmi, goddess of good fortune, consort

of Vishnu

Durga, protectress

Kali, destroyer of demons

HindusWorship

One of the oldest religions of humanity

The religion of the Indian peopleGave birth to Buddhism, Jainism, SikhismA philosophy and a way of life focused both on this world and beyond
http://www.hindudevotion.com/brahma.html


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All these deities are butManifest forms (attributesand functions) of theimpersonal Brahman
http://www.hindudevotion.com/vishnu.htmlhttp://www.hindudevotion.com/shiva.htmlhttp://www.hindudevotion.com/shiva.htmlhttp://www.hindudevotion.com/saraswati.htmlhttp://www.hindudevotion.com/lakshmi.htmlhttp://www.hindudevotion.com/krishna.htmlhttp://www.hindudevotion.com/hanuman.htmlhttp://www.hindudevotion.com/ganesh.htmlhttp://www.hindudevotion.com/durga.htmlhttp://www.hindudevotion.com/brahma.html


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The Four Yogas - seeking union with the divine:

Karma Yoga the path of action through selfless service

(releases built up karma without building up new karma)

Jnana Yoga the path of knowledge (understanding the

true nature of reality and the self)

Raja Yoga the path of meditation

Bhakti Yoga the path of devotion

SpiritualPractices

Shruti(heard) oldest, most authoritative:

Four Vedas(truth) myths, rituals, chants

Upanishads - metaphysical speculation

Plus other texts

Smriti(remembered) the Great Indian Epics:

Ramayana

Mahabharata (includes Bhagavad-Gita)

Plus others

Sacred

Texts


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TABOO

Do not ever leave home without consulting

an astrologer. Rahu and Ketu, two ominous

planets, are waiting to ruin things for you.

Seeing an elephant during a journey is

auspicious as Ganesha, the God who

removes obstacles will ensure success.


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Mensturating women are regarded unclean

and are isolated. They cannot enter the

kitchen till they are clean again.

A barber shop remains closed on

Tuesday as hair is not cut on that day..


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TRADITIONSCLOTHES

FOOD

FESTIVALS


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FOOD


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FOOD

(MALAY)

Malay food is the most commonly available.

Originating from Indonesia, India, Middle East and China.

The overall tone is spicy with a little tinge of sweetness.

Herbs such as lemon grass, pandan leaves and wild ginger bus are

common ingredients to accompany chilli the main flavour for

Malay dishes.

No alcohol, pork and other non-halal meat (forbidden by the

Muslim religion) is used.

Beef and fish is used frequently.


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FOOD

(CHINESE)

Malaysian Chinese have innovated and produced dishes with a

touch of Indian and Malay cooking, creating food that can be

equally as spicy. Chopsticks are the preferred method to eat and should be used

correctly, not crossed in the centre and used in an X motion.

Chicken and pork is extremely popular but exotic meats such as

venison, frogs, shark fins, snails and even the occasional lizard are

used


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Bah Kut Teh

Dim Sum

Tai ChowPau

Kai Fan


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FOOD

(INDIAN)

In Malaysia, both Northern and Southern Indian cuisine have

been adapted to produce sensational curries, delicious bread and

creative desserts.Coriander, turmeric, cumin and curry feature heavily in Indian

dishes along with rich ingredients such as ghee, yoghurt and chilli.

Indian food is described as fragrant and hot.

Indian food typically utilises three main elements, Masala or

fragrant spices, Dhal, lentil soup in a pasty texture and chutney. Hindus (the main religion of Indians) do not eat beef.

The Indian food is now commonly enjoyed in Mamak stalls.


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Mutton Kurma

Chapati

Masala MurghTandoori Chicken

Roti Canai


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CLOTHES


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CLOTHES

(MALAY)

Traditional Malay dressing is strongly dictated by the Islamic dress

code. The traditional costumes are diverse, colourful and exotic -

reflecting its multicultural society.

For Malay women, they wear the baju kurung; Malay men wear

the baju melayu with a songkok on the head. Alternatively, the

men wear batik shirts with trousers.


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Baju Kurung

Baju Melayu

Kebaya


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CLOTHES

(CHINESE)

Three main types of traditional Chinese clothing are the

pienfu,the changpao, and the shenyi.

The pienfu is an ancient two-piece ceremonial costume of a tunic-liketop extending to the knees and a skirt or trousers extending to the ankles.

The changpao is a one-piece garment extending from the shoulders all

the way to the heels.

The shenyi is a cross between the pienfu and the changpao; it consists of

a tunic and a skirt or trousers like the pienfu, but the tunic and the skirt

are sewed together and essentially one piece like the changpao.


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Pienfu

Shenyi

Chang Pao


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CLOTHES

(INDIAN)

Traditional Indian clothing for women are the saris or the salwarkameez and also Ghaghra Cholis (Lehengas).

For men, traditional clothes are the Dhoti, Lungi or Kurta.


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FESTIVALS


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FESTIVALS

(MALAY)

Eid-ul- Fitr

Falls on the first day of Shawwal, the tenth month of the

Islamic yearOn this festival the people, having previously distributed the

alms which are called the Sadaqatu'l-Fitr, assemble in the vast

assembly outside the city in the Igdah, and, being led by the

Imam, recite two rak'ahs of prayer. After prayers the Imam

ascends the mimbar, or pulpit, and delivers the khutbah, or

oration.

The festival is intended to be a festive and joyous occasion.

Special foods and delicacies are prepared for the day and are

distributed to neighbours and friends.


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Eid-ul-Adha

Known as (the "Feast of Sacrifice") and the great festival of

Islam. It is also known as Baqri-Eid(the "Cow Festival") because its

most important feature is the sacrifice of an animal (cow, goat,

sheep, or other appropriate beast) in commemoration of the

ram sacrificed by Abraham in place of his son.

Every Muslim home is obliged to offer a sacrifice on this day.

The meat may be eaten by the family but a distribution of a

generous share to the poor should also be made.


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FESTIVALS

(CHINESE)

Chinese New Year

A fifteen day festival .It begins on first day of first lunar month (January or February).

Homes are decorated in red and families gather to have reunion

dinner.

Oranges are exchanged because the word for orange sounds like the

Cantonese word for gold and the fruit is said to bring good luck.

Red packets containing money are exchanged for good luck.Sweeping the floor is forbidden or else the good luck might be swept

away.


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FESTIVALS

(INDIAN)

DeepavaliThe word Deepavali originates from dipa meaning light and gavali

meaning a row.

Deepavali means a cluster of lights. It is also known as Festival of

Lights.

It is usually celebrated in October or November, the 7th month of

the Hindu Calender. The celebration of Deepavali simbolise thevictory of Lord Krisna over the demon, Ravana.


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Beliefs n Tradition