Upload
university-of-wyoming
View
1.047
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
11
BASIC BASIC LANDSCAPINGLANDSCAPING
Bill TaylorBill TaylorWeston County Extension ServiceWeston County Extension Service
The University of Wyoming is an equal opportunity/affirmative action institution.
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
22
OpportunityOpportunity Incorporates principles of sustainability in Incorporates principles of sustainability in
evolving landscapeevolving landscape Allows for water conservationAllows for water conservation Low maintenanceLow maintenance
Minimal labor, water, fertilizer, pesticidesMinimal labor, water, fertilizer, pesticides
Creates habitat for people, plants, wildlifeCreates habitat for people, plants, wildlife Provides for pleasing aestheticsProvides for pleasing aesthetics
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
33
Master PlanMaster Plan Essential to ensure elements and Essential to ensure elements and
principles of design flow throughout principles of design flow throughout environmentenvironment
Create rhythm, balance, harmonyCreate rhythm, balance, harmony
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
44
Science or Art?Science or Art? Art which requires knowledge, skill, Art which requires knowledge, skill,
trained sense of formtrained sense of form Has fundamental procedures, rules, Has fundamental procedures, rules,
principlesprinciples Once rules understood then variety and Once rules understood then variety and
diversity of art can be useddiversity of art can be used Objective – make outside grounds Objective – make outside grounds
extension of houseextension of house
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
55
Organize Entire Lawn Organize Entire Lawn AreaArea
Make drawing or map of home and Make drawing or map of home and groundsgrounds
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
66
Organize Entire Lawn Organize Entire Lawn Area (cont.)Area (cont.)
Lay out general use areasLay out general use areas
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
77
Organize Entire Lawn Organize Entire Lawn Area (cont.)Area (cont.)
Decide on areas of open lawn, shade, Decide on areas of open lawn, shade, screening privacy, full sun, open views, screening privacy, full sun, open views, background, flower beds, outdoor living areas, background, flower beds, outdoor living areas, service areasservice areas
Trees, shrubs, flowersTrees, shrubs, flowers Usually in corners, borders, at foundation.Usually in corners, borders, at foundation.
Determine permanent structures – walks, Determine permanent structures – walks, driveways, clothesline, garbage disposal, driveways, clothesline, garbage disposal, buildings, gates, play-ground equipment, etc.buildings, gates, play-ground equipment, etc.
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
88
Organize Entire Lawn Organize Entire Lawn Area (cont.)Area (cont.)
Too many trees, shrubs, flowers may Too many trees, shrubs, flowers may constrict living areaconstrict living area
Too many plantings may increase Too many plantings may increase maintenance time and costmaintenance time and cost
Too much grass may make setting less Too much grass may make setting less attractive and increase water and attractive and increase water and mowing requirementsmowing requirements
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
99
Organize Entire Lawn Organize Entire Lawn Area (cont.)Area (cont.)
Provide for flexibility as family maturesProvide for flexibility as family matures Barbeque and picnic areas easily Barbeque and picnic areas easily
accessible from houseaccessible from house Play areas easily viewed from housePlay areas easily viewed from house
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
1010
Organize Entire Lawn Organize Entire Lawn Area (cont.)Area (cont.)
HardscapeHardscape Natural flow of people determine paths and lawn Natural flow of people determine paths and lawn
areasareas Paths – pull people in, slow them down, speed them Paths – pull people in, slow them down, speed them
upup Walls – Should complement paths, fences, garden Walls – Should complement paths, fences, garden
structuresstructures Fences – metal, wood, rock, concreteFences – metal, wood, rock, concrete Garden structures – decks, gazebos, swings, Garden structures – decks, gazebos, swings,
benches, barbeque standsbenches, barbeque stands Ponds or pools – formal or naturalPonds or pools – formal or natural
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
1111
Organize Entire Lawn Organize Entire Lawn Area (cont.)Area (cont.)
LawnLawn Can control two components:Can control two components:
Water usageWater usage Time spent mowingTime spent mowing
Controlled by size and shapeControlled by size and shape
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
1212
Organize Entire Lawn Organize Entire Lawn Area (cont.)Area (cont.)
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
1313
Design Planting And Design Planting And AreasAreas
Draw outlines for flower beds, rockeries, pools, Draw outlines for flower beds, rockeries, pools, mass shrubs, treesmass shrubs, trees
InformalInformal Requires more spaceRequires more space Curving, meandering bordersCurving, meandering borders Free branching plantsFree branching plants Variety of speciesVariety of species More difficult to lay out and maintain than formalMore difficult to lay out and maintain than formal
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
1414
Design Planting And Design Planting And Areas (cont.)Areas (cont.)
Formal designFormal design Takes less space and plant speciesTakes less space and plant species Stiffer, less naturalStiffer, less natural
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
1515
Informal Formal
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
1616
Design Planting And Design Planting And Areas (cont.)Areas (cont.)
First consideration when deciding on First consideration when deciding on plants – mature sizeplants – mature size Purpose of plant? Purpose of plant?
Shade? Screen? Color? Privacy?Shade? Screen? Color? Privacy? Mature form and size?Mature form and size? Hardiness zoneHardiness zone Assign perennials, shrubs, trees specific Assign perennials, shrubs, trees specific
symbols and group on plansymbols and group on plan
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
1717
Design Planting And Design Planting And Areas (cont.)Areas (cont.)
Plants (cont.)Plants (cont.) Design to group plant materials of similar Design to group plant materials of similar
color and textures – need to complement color and textures – need to complement each othereach other Dark leaves shrink spaceDark leaves shrink space Light, small leaves make space seem largerLight, small leaves make space seem larger
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
1818
Design Planting And Design Planting And Areas (cont.)Areas (cont.)
Principles (cont.)Principles (cont.) UnityUnity
Consistent styleConsistent style Visual flow from one area to anotherVisual flow from one area to another Each area blends with wholeEach area blends with whole
TextureTexture Surface quality of objects – seen or feltSurface quality of objects – seen or felt Coarse, medium, fineCoarse, medium, fine Smooth, rough, glassy, dullSmooth, rough, glassy, dull
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
1919
Design Planting And Design Planting And Areas (cont.)Areas (cont.)
Principles (cont.)Principles (cont.) BalanceBalance
SymmetricalSymmetrical Mirror image from side to sideMirror image from side to side
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
2020
Design Planting And Design Planting And Areas (cont.)Areas (cont.)
Principles (cont.)Principles (cont.) Balance (cont.)Balance (cont.)
AsymmetricalAsymmetrical Uses different forms, colors, textures to obtain visual Uses different forms, colors, textures to obtain visual
balancebalance
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
2121
Design Planting And Design Planting And Areas (cont.)Areas (cont.)
Principles (cont.)Principles (cont.) TransitionTransition
Arrangement of objects with varying textures, Arrangement of objects with varying textures, forms, sizes in sequential orderforms, sizes in sequential order
Three-dimensional perspective of compositionThree-dimensional perspective of composition
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
2222
Design Planting And Design Planting And Areas (cont.)Areas (cont.)
Principles (cont.)Principles (cont.) Proportion or scaleProportion or scale
Size of parts in a design Size of parts in a design in relation to each otherin relation to each other
3’ pool lost in large open 3’ pool lost in large open lawn – fits in small lawn – fits in small private areaprivate area
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
2323
Design Planting And Design Planting And Areas (cont.)Areas (cont.)
Principles (cont.)Principles (cont.) RhythmRhythm
Elements create feeling of motion, leading eyes Elements create feeling of motion, leading eyes through areathrough area
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
2424
Design Planting And Design Planting And Areas (cont.)Areas (cont.)
Principles (cont.)Principles (cont.) FocalizationFocalization
Viewer’s eye quickly forced along straight lines to particular Viewer’s eye quickly forced along straight lines to particular pointpoint
Usually weak or flowing lines desirable in residential Usually weak or flowing lines desirable in residential landscapelandscape
Transition along lines can weaken or strengthenTransition along lines can weaken or strengthen Curved lines Curved lines
Strengthen when curve toward each otherStrengthen when curve toward each other Curved in same direction create indirect focalizationCurved in same direction create indirect focalization
Focalization usually guides trafficFocalization usually guides traffic
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
2525
Design Planting And Design Planting And Areas (cont.)Areas (cont.)
Principles (cont.)Principles (cont.) RepetitionRepetition
Repeated use of features with identical shape, Repeated use of features with identical shape, line, form, texture and/or colorline, form, texture and/or color
Of plants and building materialsOf plants and building materials Too much creates monotonyToo much creates monotony Right amount creates rhythm, focalization, Right amount creates rhythm, focalization,
emphasisemphasis Too much variety creates clutterToo much variety creates clutter
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
2626
Design Planting And Design Planting And Areas (cont.)Areas (cont.)
Principles (cont.)Principles (cont.) SimplicitySimplicity
Elimination of unnecessary detailElimination of unnecessary detail Hand in hand with repetitionHand in hand with repetition Reduction of design to avoid unnecessary cost Reduction of design to avoid unnecessary cost
and maintenanceand maintenance
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
2727
Design Planting And Design Planting And Areas (cont.)Areas (cont.)
Plantings are used to break lines and Plantings are used to break lines and provide screeningprovide screening
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
2828
Why different forms?Why different forms?
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
2929
Going Beyond Foundation Going Beyond Foundation PlantingsPlantings
What was done to provide balance?What was done to provide balance? Why the tree on the left?Why the tree on the left?
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
3030
Completed DesignCompleted Design
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
3131
Attracting Attracting WildlifeWildlife
University of WyomingUniversity of Wyoming
3232