BASIC IP TERMS & BASIC IP TERMS & FACILITIESFACILITIES

A quick look onDS200 CPU4 family…

NAT is a feature of a router that will distribute Special IPs to its subscribers and allows to get outside of the network only with one Public IP

Only one IP is used to connect outside Acts like a Firewall that denies access inside network Offers possibility to design our LAN freely

NAT – Network Adress Translation

In case NAT is used in our network and only one IP (Static) is used to get outside, then that NAT IP must be programmed accordingly on the DS200 systems.

NAT – Network Adress Translation

Karel IP Phone

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Router global static IP address: 88.176.12.87

Router local IP address:192.168.2.1

IP Phone local IP address:192.168.2.22

INTERNET

Router

Call start

My Port: 5004

My IP: 192.168.2.22NAT

My Port: 5004

My IP: 88.176.12.87

INTERNET

Ans. to: 5004

Ans. to: 88.176.12.87NAT

Ans. to: 5004

Ans. to: 192.168.2.22

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Answer received

Translation

Translation

STUN is a server that will provide NAT IP to its Clients in case of the NAT IP is dynamic.

STUN – Session Traversal Utilities for NAT

STUN Server is accomodated in SIP_Trunk Module of DS200 IP. All IP Modules must be programmed accordingly, if STUN will be active

STUN – Session Traversal Utilities for NAT

Karel IP Phone

V

Router has dynamic global IP address: ?.?.?.?

Router local IP address:192.168.2.1

IP Phone local IP address:192.168.2.22

INTERNET

Router

STUN Server

Q: What is my IP address?

A: You reached me from 88.176.12.87

DNS

• Domain Name System (DNS) is a database system that translates a computer's fully qualified domain name into an IP address.

• Networked computers use IP addresses to locate and connect to each other, but IP addresses can be difficult for people to remember. DNS allows you to connect to another networked computer or remote service by using its user-friendly domain name rather than its numerical IP address.

DNS

Usage of DNS in DS200 systems;

–DNS is used in SIP_SPC & SIP_TRUNK applications.

–2 different DNS IP addresses can be written for the applications above from KNE DNS settings.

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IP SIGNALLING PROTOCOLS

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

- Connection-oriented protocol

- Reliable data transfer

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

- Is a connectionless protocol

- Faster, unreliable data transfer

TLS (Transport Layer Control)

- Provides endpoint authentication and communication confidentiality using cryptography.

SESSION TIMER

• Session timer is a method to check the continuity of the calls.

• If the telephones hang up unexpectedly (disconnection of Ethernet cable, power failure etc.), this can be detected within a session interval duration and the call can be terminated.

• Default value is 300 seconds.

IM (Instant Messaging)

• If the system has required licenses, IP phones can send written messages to each other.

• These messages send through SIP_SPC.

• The messages that cannot be sent are stored in a database server. If the target IP extension is not registered at that moment, he will be able to receive his messages after his registration.

PRESENCE

• IP extensions can see the status of other extensions, if they are programmed accordingly.

• The system can broadcast 60 presence information at a time.

• The status information below can be seen:• Idle

• On the phone

• Ringing

• Busy (defined by user)

• Away (defined by user)

• Idle (appears automatically after some period defined by the user)

• Off-line.

sRTP

• The user can use sRTP protocol for speech to communicate securely.

• MGW2 card supports encrypted speech, namely sRTP.

• sRTP encrypts speech while IP extensions are talking to IP or TDM extensions.

RTP PROXY

• RTP Proxy is the server that is receiving and directing audio packages of IP-IP communication.

• Audio packets are delivered through RTP Proxy but signalling is delivered through SIP_SPC.

• Port forwarding will not be needed if we use RTP Proxy server.

DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

• DHCP Server distributes IP adresses to the devices in the Same network. And DHCP Client gets the IP address from the DHCP Server.

• Advantage; there is no need to define IP addresses to all of the devices in the network one by one manually.

DHCP for CPU4

• Run the WinSCP program and connect to the CPU4 Card. Then reach the /flash/etc/sysconfig.conf file.

• If the“DHCP_ENABLED” part is written as “yes” . CPU4 Card getsthe IP address from the DHCP Server which exists in the network.

• DHCP Server needs to know the MAC address of the CPU4 for this operation.

• When the DS System is started CPU4 Card will get the IP address from the DHCP Server.

SYSCONFIG.CONF FILE

FIREWALL

• A firewall is used to protect a network

from unauthorized access.

Blacklist

Whitelist

Access IDX

AttacksX

FIREWALL FOR CPU4

• Firewall is used to protect the DS System from the malicious attacks.

For this ;• Run the WinSCP program and connect to

the CPU4 Card. • Then reach the

karel/home/conf/firewall.conf file and make the required settings.

FIREWALL.CONF FILE

TFTP - Trivial File Transfer Protocol

• TFTP is a simple protocol for transferring the files between the devices inside the network.

TFTP for CPU4

• The master software of the system can be updated by TFTP Server. “KTFTP.exe” program runs on a PC which operates as a server.

• IP address of the Server PC is written into the “DSU_Server” part in the /karel/home/conf/dsupdate.conf file. This file is reached by WinSCP Program.

DSUPDATE.CONF FILE

NOTE: Details of this application are explained in the “Maintenance

Document”.

NTP (Network Time Protocol)

• NTP is a protocol for synchronizing the clocks of computer systems over the network.

• NTP Server (a PC) distributes the clock signal to the NTP clients ( PC, exchange, network devices ) and provides the synchronization.

NTP for CPU4

• For this, run the WinSCP program and connect to the CPU4 Card.

• Then check the /flash/etc/sysconfig.conf file.

• Then write the IP address of the PC on which NTP Server runs into the “NTP_SERVER” part. And write “yes” into the “NTP_ENABLED” part.

DSUPDATE.CONF FILE

A codec (COmpressor & DECompressor) encodes a data stream or decodes for playback or editing.

Supported codecs with DS200 IP are :

G711 (w/ MGW1) 64 kbits / 1 sec.

• G729 (w/ MGW1) 8 kbits / 1 sec. G723 (w/ MGW2) 5.3 or 6.3 kbits / 1 sec. iLBC (w/ MGW2) 15.2 kbits / 20 secs. of frames or

13.33 kbits / 30 secs. of frames

CODECs

MGW Cards must be programmed accordingly with respect to the appropriate codecs. In case the codecs conflict between two parties' exchanges, than the voice transmission will not start

MEDIA PARAMETERS

MGW Card is to be programmed accordingly with the proper parameters

Parameters like Voice Levels, Package Transmission Periods, TCP Connection.

Most Important Ones :

• Voice Gain Setup

• Fast Start

• IP Address of NAT

• RTP UDP Port

• Signalling Port

DTMF – Dual Tone Multi-Frequency

In-band / Out of Band signalling method to transmit telephone number digits from the subscriber to the local office.

DTMF sends tones identifying the numbers 0 to 9 and the "*" and "#" symbols in the keypad.

When a subscriber presses one of those keys, the oscillator creates and sends two simultaneous tones.

Keys are represented by a particular combination of frequencies : one from the lower band (697, 770, 852, 941 Hz.) and the other from the higher band (1290, 1336, 1447, 1633 Hz)

There are three ways of sending DTMF Tones in DS200 IP :

Audio (In Band), RFC2833 (Out of Band), SIP INFO (Out of Band)

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol• With wide application areas, SNMP is a

protocol that has been developed for central management of network devices.

• SNMP is usually associated with the management of the router devices, but any device or software can be configured with SNMP (Unix and Windows systems, modems, etc.).

• SNMP Manager (software): It communicates with the SNMP Agent that is implemented by devices (SNMP agent is also a software) and makes the parameter management function. It optionally shows the Traps which are sent by the SNMP Agent on the user interface.

SNMP Manager SNMP Agent MIB

An SNMP management environment consists of 3 main elements

SNMP

SNMP Management

• SNMP Agent (software): It works on the device or works with connection to the device. It answers to the questions or the commands of the SNMP Manager. It has direct access to the parameters defined in the device. It sends the Trap messages.

• MIB (Management Information Base): It lists the objects (paramaters) which are defined on the device and accessible by the Agent, as a tree structure. Actually each MIB is a text file. It defines the basic elements of the communication between SNMP Manager and Agent.

SNMP

SNMP for CPU4

•Karel devices use SNMPv2

•SNMP Agent software is running on “snmp_agent.rt” on the CPU4 Software.

•So there is no need to run SNMP agent on a separate device.

•Details are explained in the “Application” part of the document.

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LDAP SERVER

LDAP (The Lightweight Directory Access protocol), is an application protocol for querying and modifying data using directory services running over TCP/IP.

The Phonebook can be accesed by OpenLdap server running on a remote PC (Linux OS) via DS200 Exchange over TCP/IP Protocol.

Now operational with DS200L and DS200(CPU4) Systems with KoU cards and NT30D console.

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LDAP SERVER APPLICATION

DS200

LDAP Server

TCP/IP Connection

IP /Analog/Digital Phone

Karel NT30D

Trunk SideExtension Side

Defines the traffic based on KTS (Karel Telephony System) and transmission of messages between the Exchange and the Proprietary Karel IP Phones.

KTSoIP – KTS over IP

KTSoIP controls the data traffic between KTS Terminals and Master SW of DS200 IP.

Additionally installed or discarded devices' info is transmitted to Master SW via KTSoIP

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IP EXTENSIONS/SIP_SPC

SIP_SPC is a server application that provides IP extension communications.

SIP_SPC is DS200 Proxy Server.

SIP_SPC application runs on CPU4 and uses 1st ethernet port of CPU4 Card.

SIP_SPC configuration settings can be made by KNE program

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IP TRUNK/SIP_TPC

SIP_TPC is an application that provides IP Trunk communications.

SIP_TPC, unlike VoIP gateway card (which uses PCM conversion for each IP call) is a sole software application which does not require any hardware to establish calls. Thus it provides pure peer to peer IP calls between IP nodes.

If TDM extensions will make IP calls over IP trunks, then MGW card is used.

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IP TRUNK/SIP_TPC

SIP_TPC application runs on CPU4 and uses 2nd ethernet port of CPU4 Card.

KNE program is used for configuring SIP_TPC settings.

WEB INTERFACE

• Control all over the system can be done through a web browser from any IP network.

• Studies on web-interface have not finished yet. Web browser feature is not valid for now.

LICENSE

Usage of some features of DS series systems (with CPU4) are licensed:

SIP Extension

SIP Trunk

NetCM – NetConsole

WebCM – NetConsole

Presence and Instant Messaging

Karel IP Extension (KoIP)

VoIP Channel

VoIP Encrypted Channel

H323 Trunk

LICENSE

• Licensing features are provided with a serial security unit named as SGB (like a dongle). This SGB unit is plugged to CPUKON Card of the exchange.

• It is not necessary to use more than one SGB unit while using different licensing options. One SGB unit harbours all type licensing options.

• License keys will be generated according to customer requests. Keys will be entered to the system through IDEA.

EIVR

• Auto Attendant messages placed in EVM card are now built-in on CPU card. Thus, AA messages and main menu greeting feature can be used without EVM card.

• For Voice Mail system and System messages EVM card is required.

EIVR

• EIVR is able to serve up to 4 lines simultaneously.

Important: When Internal music is enabled, channel number of EIVR decreases to 3.

INTERNAL MUSIC

• Thanks to that feature, callers or extensions can listen music (any “.wav” file) when they are on hold.

• Due to design structure of CPU4, 4Gbyte compact flash is used. Thus, a large music file can be uploaded.

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DS200 ALARM INTERFACE

• DS200 Alarm Interface is an infrastructure which provides a platform to monitor and collect the alarms on one central point.

• Basically, DS200 Alarm Interface consists of a PC on which the applications will be run. And DS200 Alarm Application establishes the connection with the remote exchanges via IP.

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DS200 ALARM INTERFACE

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTSThe necessary modules for the DS200 Alarm Application on the central exchange:

DS Series exchange ( DS200/S/M/L ) CPU200 Card ( which has onboard ethernet ports) A PC (Alarm software, IDEA software, at least

Pentium III processor) A network switch

Thank you…Thank you…