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Basic Aerodynamics and Stability
Presented by: Mr Jamie Presser
Topic:Overview of basic aerodynamics, flight controls and effects of Centre of Gravity on stability
Definition of Controlled Flight
Provide corrections Cause movement in the desired
direction
Controlled Flight is:
The ability to produce movements about the various axis that,
Aerodynamic Terms
Chord line: Line running from the leading edge
point of min radius to trailing edge
Chord: Length of Chord line
Aerodynamic Terms
Mean camber line: Line running half way between upper
and lower surface of aerofoilCamber: Distance between chord line and mean
camber line
Aerodynamic Terms
Angle of Attack Angle between chord line and Relative airflowCentre of Pressure (CoP) Point where all aerodynamic pressures can be
represented as a single vector
Angle
Relative Airflow
Chord Line
CoP
Bernoulli's TheoremGiven:
Total Pressure = P0
Static Pressure = P1
Dynamic Pressure = P2
P0 = P1 + P2
Bernoulli's Theorem
Lower static pressure
Higher static pressure
RestrictionAir Flow
P0 = P1 + P2
Primary Flight Controls
Aileron
Aileron
Rudder
Elevator
Thrust
Elevator
Primary Response = Change in Pitch Secondary Response = Change in Speed
Control movement
Ailerons
Primary Response = Roll Secondary Response = Yaw
Control Movement
Rudder
Primary Response = Yaw Secondary Response = Roll
Control Movement
Payload Aft of CoG
Payload
Naturally stable Unstable – Not recommended
Aircraft balanced with payload fitted – Nose down
tendency on release
Aircraft balanced without payload fitted – Unstable
until payload released
Naturally stable Unstable Not recommended
Aircraft balanced without payload fitted – Nose down
tendency until release
Aircraft balanced with payload fitted – Unstable when payload released
Payload
Payload Forward of CoG
Payload
Payload At CoG
No change on payload release
Ideal
Global Hawk Shadow
Reaper
Predator
Jindivick
HeronBoeing X-37
Fire Scout
Avitus - Petrel
Any Questions?