Bao Cao Khoi Dong Mem 1 Pha 7776

B KHI NG MM 1 PHA 220V 20A

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CHNG I . GII THIU

1. T VN

Trong h thng in cng nghip thi vic khi ng mm cho ng c l v cng

quan trng. V khi chng ta khi ng trc tip cho ng c, c bit l cc ng

c c cng sut ln thi dng khi ng trc tip rt ln ( Imm= 5 7 Im ) s gy ra

hin tng st p cho ti lm cho h thng in hot ng khng n nh, hoc

nu ta khi ng cng lc nhiu ng c s lm cho h thng in qu ti khng

hot ng c. V vy trong cc h thng in cng nghip khi m my hot

ng cho ng c th ta phi khi ng m bo cho h thng hot ng c

n nh.

V vy nhm thit k B KHI NG MM 1 PHA 220V 20A.

Nhim v ca ti l: Ci t c in p lc khi ng v thi gian tng in

p.

2. CHN PHNG N THIT K Trong thc t khi ng ng c c rt nhiu phng n s dng nh dng

bin tn ci t, s dng vi iu khin to xung kch cho cc linh kin in t

cng xut nh: Thyritor, Triac .

Trong ti ny ta s dng phng php khi ng ng c bng vi iu khin

bng cch s dng IC 89C51 thay i gc kch cho triac thay i c in p

ng ra cp cho ng c.


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CHNG II. MT S LINH KIN S DNG

1. S lc v vi iu khin 89C51

S lc phn cng ca 89C51

4 Kb ROM v 128 byte RAM

4 Port I/O 8 bit

2 b m nh thi 16 bit

C th giao tip vi cng ni tip

64 Kb khng gian b nh chng trnh m rng.

64 Kb khng gian b nh d liu m rng.

Mt s b s l lun l (thao tc tren cc bt n)

210 bt c a ch ha

B nhn/chia trong 4us

a. S khi v s chn ca 89C51

Hnh 1. So khi 89C51


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Chc nng ca cc chn 89C51

Port 0: t chn 32 n 39 (P0.0-P0.7). C 2 chc nng : nu dng trong thit

k nh khng dng b nh m rng c ch nng nh cc dng I/O, i vi thit

k ln c b ng m rng n c kt hp gia bus a ch v bus d liu.

Port 1: t chn 1 n chn 9 (P1.0-P1.7) l port I/O dng giao tip vi thit b

bn ngoi

Port 2: t chn 21n chn 28 (P2.0-P2.7) Port 2 l port c tc dng kp dng

nh cc ng xut nhp hoc l byte cao ca b a ch i vi thit k dng b

nh m rng.

Port 3: t chn 10n chn 17 (P3.0-P3.7). Port 3 l port c th s dng nh

I/O bnh thng nhng cn s dng cho cc chc nng c bit nh bng sau:

Bt Tn Chc nng chuyn i

P3.0

P3.1

P3.2

P3.3

P3.4

P3.5

P3.6

P3.7

RXD

TXD

INT0

INT1

T0

T1

WR

DR

Ng vo d liu ni tip

Ng xut d liu ni tip

Ng vo ngt 0

Ng vo ngt 1

Ng vo ca timer/counter th 0

Ng vo ca timer/counter th 1

Tn hiu gi d liu ln b nh ngoi

Tn hiu c b nh d liu ngoi

PSEN(chn 29) :l tn hiu ng ra c tc dng cho php dc b nh chng trnh

m rng v thng c kt ni vi chn OE\ ca Eprom cho php c cc byte

m lnh. PSEN mc thp trong thi gian 8951 ly lnh. Cc chng trnh c

c t Eprom qua bus d liu . Khi 8951 thi hnh chng trnh ROM ni th

PSEN mc cao.


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ALE (chn 30) :dng lm tn hiu iu khin gii da hp cc ng a ch v

d liu khi kt ni vi IC cht.

EA (chn 31): c mc ln mc 1 hoc mc 0

Nu mc 1 th 8951 thc thi chng trnh ROM ni

Nu mc 0 th 8951 thc thi chng trnh t b nh m rng

RST(Reset): chn 9 c dng thit lp trng thi ban u cho h thng

XTAL1, XTAL2 (chn 18,19) : B to dao ng c tch hp bn trong 8951 khi

s dng ta ch cn ni thm thch anh v cc t n nh

b. Kho st cc khi nh bn trong. T chc b nh RAM: bao gm nhiu thnh phn.

Phn lu tr da dng c a ch t 30H- 7FH

Phn lu tr a ch ha tng bit c a ch t 20H-2FH

Cc bank thanh gi c a ch t 00H- 1FH

Cc thanh gi c chc nng c bit c a ch t 80H- FFH

c. Cc thanh gi c chc nng c bit

Thanh gi trng thi chng trnh PSW

Thanh ghi B

Con tr ngn xp SP

B n chng trnh PC

Con tr d liu DPTR

Cc thanh gi Port

Cc thanh gi Timer

Cc thanh gi Port ni tip

Cc thanh gi ngt

Cc thanh gi iu khin ngun PCON


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2. TRANSISTOR S dng Transistor C1815, C828, A1013

3. NI QUANG ( MOC 3021 )

y ta dung MOC 3021. ng dng ca n l dng cch ly mch iu khin

vi mch cng xut.

Mch ng dng ca MOC 3021


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4. RELAY S dng relay 5 chn. 220V , 25A

5. TRIAC (TRIOD AC SEMICONDUCTOR SWITCH).

Thng c coi nh hai SCR lng hng v c th dn in theo hai chiu.

Hnh sau y cho thy cu to, m hnh tng ng v cu to ca Triac.


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Nh vy, ta thy Triac nh gm bi mt SCR PNPN dn in theo chiu t trn

xung di, kch bi dng cng dng v mt SCR NPNP dn in theo chiu t

di

ln kch bi dng cng m. Hai cc cn li gi l hai u cui chnh (main

terminal).

- Do u T2 dng hn u T1, Triac dn in ta c th kch dng cng

dng v khi u T2 m hn T1 ta c th kch dng cng m.

Cc thng s ca triac.

in p phn c thun v ngch (VBR(F) v VBR(R))

Dng in cc i

Dng gi IH

p cng v dng kch khi

Tc chuyn mch

ng dng : Triac dng iu chnh cng sut ng c, kim sot vn tc ng c

AC


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6. LM 7805 y l linh kin c s dng rt ph bin trong cc mch ngun to ra

in p c nh. y ta ch dng IC 7805 to ra mch n p 5V .

7. Led 7 on

Dng trong mch hin th, hin thng tin giao tip gia ngi dng v vi x

l. y ta dng loi anot chung.

Cng vi 1 s linh kin thong dng khc: + t 33p, 104p, 1000uF 25V, 470uF 25V, + in tr R 220, 1K, 10k, 5k6 + led n + diode 1N4001 + thch anh 12MHz,


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CHNG III. THIT K, TNH TON

I. S KHI TNG QUT Gm c 5 khi c trnh by nh s di y

Hnh 1:S khi

KHI TO XUNG NG B


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II. CC KHI TRONG MCH IN 1. Khi x l: gm mch ngun v b vi x l

Hnh 2: khi x l v ngun

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Bao Cao Khoi Dong Mem 1 Pha 7776