Báo cáo đồ án chuyên ngành điện tử tự động

7/27/2019 Bo co n chuyn ngnh in t t ng

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n chuyn ngnh t ng. GVHD: Thy.Trn Quang Vinh

M Hnh iu Khin Gim St Trm Trn B-tng Trang 1

LI CM N

Trong qu trnh thc hin n ny, nhm chng em xin gi li cm n su

sc n:

Thy Trn Quang Vinh to mi iu kin thun li nhm chng em thc

hin tt n ny trong khong thi gian ngn nht.

Cc thy c trong khoa cng nghin t truyn t cho chng em nhng

kin thc v chuyn mn, to mi iu in thun li chng em thc hin tt

n xy dng m hnh, iu khin gim st trm trn b tng dng PLC v gim

st bng wincc.

Sau cng l gi li cm n ti gia nh v tt c nhng ngi bn, nhng

ngi gn b cng hc tp, cng lm n nhit tnh gip nhm em trong

qu trnh thc hin.


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NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

TP.HCM, ngythngnm 2013Gio vin hng dn


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MC LCLI CM N........................................................................................................... 1

LI MU........................................................................................................... 4PHN I: TNG QUAN V B TNG V TRM TRN B TNG.

CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V B TNG.......................................................... 5

1.1 Khi nim v b tng ........................................................................................... 5

1.2 Cc thnh phn cu to b tng ........................................................................... 5

1.3 Mt s tnh cht c th ca b tng ................................................................... 7

CHNG 2: KHI QUT V TRM TRN B TNG ............................... 10

1.Gii thiu chung .................................................................................................... 10

2.Trm trn b tng xi mng.................................................................................... 11

2.1Gii thiu chung .................................................................................................. 11

2.2Phn loi .............................................................................................................. 12

2.3 Cu to chung trm trn b tng xi mng......................................................... 12

2.4 Nguyn l hot ng chung ca trm trn b tng xi mng............................. 17

PHN II: GII THIU V PLC S7-200 V CC THIT B LIN QUAN

CHNG 1: GII THIU V PLC S7-200 CA SIEMMENS...................... 18

1.1 PLC l g? .......................................................................................................... 18

1.2 Cu trc v hot ng ca PLC ........................................................................ 191.3 Thit biu khin logic kh trnh PLC S7-200 ca Siemens. .......................... 23

1.4 Cu trc chng trnh ca S7-200: ................................................................... 28

1.5 Cc lnh s dng trong chng trnh: .............................................................. 29


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CHNG 2: CC THIT B LIN QUAN....................................................... 36

2.1 Module analog ca Siemems ............................................................................. 36

2.2 Module analog EM 235 ..................................................................................... 40

2.3 Module analog EM 223 ..................................................................................... 43

2.4 u c tn hiu cn PAXS v PAXI ................................................................ 43

2.5 Thit b kh nn ................................................................................................. 58

2.6 Cm bin: ........................................................................................................... 60

2.7 Loadcell: ............................................................................................................. 64

2.8Mt s thit b khc: ........................................................................................... 66

PHN III: THIT K V THI CNG H THNG TRM TRN B TNG.

CHNG 1: THIT K V THI CNG M HNH ....................................... 69

Phn Cng ............................................................................................................... 69

CHNG 2: THIT K V THI CNG TIN ......................................... 71

iu Khin ............................................................................................................... 71

CHNG 3: THIT K PHN MM .............................................................. 79

3.1 Chng trnh iu khin ................................................................................... 79

3.2Thit k giao din iu khin v gim st s dng WinnCC .......................... 115

PHN IV: KT LUN....................................................................................... 117

TI LIU THAM KHO ................................................................................... 118


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PHN I: TNG QUAN V B TNG VTRM TRN B TNG.

CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V B TNG1.1 Khi nim v btng:

B tng l hn hp c to thnh tct, , xi-mng, nc. Trong ct v

chim 80% - 85%, xi mng chim 8% - 15%, cn li l khi lng ca nc,

ngoi ra cn c cht phgia thm vo p ng yu cu cn thit.

Hn hp vt liu sau c nho trn to nn hn hp b tng. Hn hp btng phi c do nht nh, ph hp vi mc ch s dng. C nhiu loi b

tng ty thuc vo thnh phn ca hn hp trn. Mi thnh phn ct, , xi mng,

nc, khc nhau s to thnh nhiu Mc b tng khc nhau.

1.2 Cc thnh phn cu to btng:

a). Xi mng:

Vic la chon xi mng l c bit quan trng trong vic sn xut ra b tng, cnhiu loi xi mng khc nhau, xi mng mc cng cao th khnng kt dnh cng tt

v lm cht lng thit kb tng tng ln tuy nhin gi thnh ca xi mng mc cao

l rt ln. V vy khi thit k b tng va phi m bo cht ng yu cu k thut v

gii quyt tt bi ton kinh t.

b). Ct:

Ct dng trong sn xut b tng c th l ct thin nhin hay ct nhn to, kchthc ht ct l t 0.45 mm. Cht lng ct ph thuc vo thnh phn khong,

thnh phn tp cht, thnh phn ht Trong thnh phn ca b tng ct chim

khong 29%.


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c). dm:

dm c nhiu loi ty thuc vo kch cca , do ty thuc vo kch c

ca b tng m ta chn kch thc ph hp. Trong thnh phn b tng

dm chim khong 52%.

d). Nc:

Nc dng trong sn xut b tng phi p ng tiu chun khng nh

hng xu n khnng ninh kt ca b tng v chng n mn kim loi.

e). Cht ph gia:

Ph gia s dng c dng bt, thng c hai loi ph gia:

Loi ph gia hot ng bmt:Loi ph gia hot ng b mt ny mc d c s dng mt lng nhnhng

c khnng ci thin ng k tnh cht ca hn hp b tng v tng cng nhiu tnh

cht khc ca b tng.

Loi ph gia rn nhanh:Loi ph gia rn nhanh ny c khnng rt ngn qu trnh rn chc ca b

tng trong iu kin tnhin cng nh nng cao cng b tng. Hin nay trong

cng ngh sn xut b tng ngi ta cn s dng phgia a chc nng.


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1.3 Mt stnh cht c th ca btng:

1.3.1Cng ca b tng:

Cng ca b tng l cng rn ca b tng chng li cc lc tc ng t

bn ngoi m khng b ph hoi.

Cng ca b tng phn nh khnng chu lc ca n. Cng ca b tng

ph thuc vo tnh cht ca xi mng, t lnc v xi mng, phng php b tng

v iu kin ng cng.

c trng c bn ca cng b tng l "mc" hay cn gi l "s liu".

Mc b tng k hiu M ( xem bng I.1.1 ), l cng chu nn tnh theo(N/cm2) ca mu b tng tiu chun hnh khi lp phng, kch thc cnh 15cm,

tui 28 ngy c dng h v th nghim theo iu kin tiu chun ( nhit 200C

20C), m khng kh 90% n 100%. Mc M l chtiu c bn nht i vi mi

loi b tng v mi kt cu.

Tiu chun nh nc quy nh b tng c cc mc thit k sau:

B tng nng: M100, M150, M200, M250, M300, M350, M400, M500,M600.

B tng nng c khi lng ring khong 1800 kg/m3 n 2500kg/m3 ct liu si

c chc.

B tng nh: M50, M75, M100, M150, M200, M250, M300 b tng nhc khi lng ring trong khong n 1800kg/m3, ct liu l cc

loi c l rng, keramzit, x qung...

Trong kt cu b tng ct thp chu lc phi dng mc khng thp hn M150.


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Cng ca b tng tng theo thi gian, y l mt tnh cht ng qu ca b

tng, m bo cho cng trnh lm bng b tng bn lu hn nhng cng trnh lm

bng gch, , g, thp. Lc u cng b tng tng ln rt nhanh, sau

tc gim dn. Trong mi trng (nhit , m) thun li stng cng cth ko di trong nhiu nm, trong iu kin kh hanh hoc nhit thp th cng

b tng tng khng ng k.

MC ( M ) Xi Mng ( Kg ) Ct ( m ) (m ) Nc ( lt )

150 244 0.498 0.856 195

200 293 0.479 0.846 195

250 341 0.461 0.835 195300 390 0.438 0.829 195

350 450 0.406 0.846 200

400 465 0.419 0.819 186

Bng I.1.1: Mt s Mc b tng c th vi xi mng PCB40.

1.3.2 Tnh gin nca b tng:

Trong qu trnh rn chc, b tng thng pht sinh bin dng th tch, nratrong nc v co li trong khng kh. V gi tr tuyt i co ln hn n10 ln

mt gii hn no , nc th lm tt hn cu trc ca b tng cn hin tng co

ngt lun ko theo hu qu xu.

B tng b co ngt do nhiu nguyn nhn: trc ht l s mt nc hoc xi

mng, qu trnh Cacbon ho Hyroxit trong xi mng. Hin tng gim th tch

tuyt i ca hxi mng - nc. Co ngt l nguyn nhn gy ra nt, gim cng ,chng thm v n nh ca b tng, v b tng ct thp trong mi trng xm

thc. V vy i vi nhng cng trnh c chiu di ln, trnh nt ngi ta phn

on to thnh cc khe co dn.


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1.3.3 Tnh chng thm ca b tng:

Tnh chng thm ca b tng c trng bi thm thu ca nc qua kt cu

b tng. cht ca b tng nh hng quyt nh n tnh chng thm ca n.

tng cng tnh chng thm phi nng cao cht ca b tng bng cch m k, lachn tt thnh phn cp phi ht ca ct liu, gim t lnc, xi mng v tr s ti

thiu. Ngoi ra tng tnh chng thm ngi ta cn trn b tng mt s cht ph gia.

1.3.4 Qu trnh ng cng ca b tng v bin php bo qun:

Qu trnh ng cng ca b tng ph thuc vo qu trnh ng cng ca xi

mng thi gian ng kt bt u khng sm hn 45 pht V vy sau khi trn b

tng xong cn phi ngay tranh hin tng va xi mng bng cng trc khi thi gian t lc b tng ra khi my trn n lc xong 1 lp b tng (khng c

tnh phgia) khng qu 90' khi dng xi mng pooclng khng qu 110', khi

dng xi mng pooclng x, tro ni la, xi mng pullan. Thi gian vn chuyn b

tng (k tlc b tng ra khi my trn) n lc vo khun v khng nn lu

qu lm cho va b tng b phn tng.

Thi gian vn chuyn cho php ca b tng (khng c ph gia):

Nhit ( 0C ) Thi gian vn chuyn ( pht )

20 n 30 45

10 n 20 60

5 n 10 90

Bng I.1.2: Thi gian vn chuyn cho php ca b tng ( khng c ph gia)


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CHNG 2: KHI QUT V TRM TRN B TNG

1.Gii thiu chung:Hin nay trn th trng c hai loi tm trn chnh: trm trn b tng nha

nng v trm trn b tng xi mng.

Trm trn b tng nha nng: Dng sn xut b tng t hn hp nhang (hc n), , cht ph gia, n c ng dng ph bin trong xy dng

ng x, cc cng trnh giao thng, cu, cng c ri ln b mt.

Hnh I.2.1: Trm trn b tng nha nng thc t


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Trm trn b tng xi mng: ng dng rng ri trong i sng hin nay nht ltrong lnh vc xy dng, b tng c sn xut t hn hp ct, , xi mng, nc, ph

gia.

Hnh I.2.2: Trm trn b tng xi mng thc t

2.Trm trn b tng xi mng:2.1 Gii thiu chung:

Trm trn b tng xi mng l mt tng thnh nhiu cm v thit b, cc cm

thit b ny phi phi hp nhp nhng vi nhau ho trn cc thnh phn: ct,

, nc, phgia v xi mng to thnh hn hp b tng xi mng. Mt trm trn b

tng c cc yu cu chung sau y:

- m bo trn v cung cp c nhiu mc b tng vi thi gian iu chnhnh nht.

- Cho php sn xut c sn xut c hai loi hn hp b tng kh hoc t.- Hn hp b tng khng btch nc hay b phn tng khi vn chuyn.


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- Trm lm vic m khng n, khng gy nhim mi trng.- Lp dng sa cha n gin.- C th lm vic hai ch l tng hoc bng tay.

2.2 Phn loi:C hai loi trm trn b tng xi mng chnh nh sau:

Trm trn b tng xi mng cp liu bng bng ti. Trm trn b tng xi mng cp liu bng gu.

2.3 Cu to chung trm trn b tng xi mng:

Mc d c hai loi trm trn b tng xi mng tuy nhin nhn chung u bao

gm cc cm v thit b sau:

Cm cp liu. Thit bnh lng (ct, , xi mng, nc v ph gia). H thng iu khin. Thit b trn- my trn. Kt cu thp.

2.3.1 Cm cp liu:

Cp ct ln thng trn b tng.Vic cp ct, cho trm trn c nhiu phng n khc nhau tuy nhin tham

kho thc tta c hai phng n sau:

a. Cp liu kiu gu Nguyn l:- Vt liu , ct c tp kt ngoi bi cha liu cc ngn ring bit, sau

c gu co vo thit bnh lng , sau khi c nh lng vt liuc x vo skp, t skp vt liu vo thng trn.

u im:- Cp liu trc tip t bi cha m khng qua thit b vn chuyn trunggian.- Din tch mt bng cho ton trm khng cn ln lm.


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Nhc im:- Vt liu bi cha phi c vun cao cho lng d tr.- Vic cp liu cho my trn khng lin tc.- Bi cha phi c vch ngn phn chia vt liu.- Vi phng n ny ch p dng cho trm trn c nng sut thpb. Cp liu kiu bng ti: Nguyn l:- Vt liu (ct, ) oc tp kt ngoi bi sau c my xc gu lt vo

bunke, thit bnh lng. Sau khi c nh lng ng yu cu th bng ti

vn chuyn vo thng trn.

u im:- Cp liu cho my trn c lin tc.- Vt liu bi cha khng cn phi vun cao v khng cn phi c tmphn

cch vt liu.

Nhc im:- Vic cp liu cho bng ti phi c thit b chuyn dng.

- Khong cch gia bng ti v thng trn tng i ln dn n khnng tip

xc ca vt liu vi mi trng nhiu, s gy nhim mi trng nu khng c

che chn k.

- Phng n ny p dng cho cc trm trn c nng sut ln.

2.3.2 Cp xi mng:

a. Dng bng gu t liu: Nguyn l:- Xi mng t bao b nh vo phu c bng gu vn chuyn vo xi l

nh vo thit bnh lng, sau c x vo thng trn.


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u im:- C th cp xi mng cho trm vi khi lng nh.- Kt cu n gin , gi thnh h. Nhc im:- Do cp xi mng t bao b nn gy nhim.- Nng sut vn chuyn thp khng thch hp vi trm trn c nng sutcao.b. Dng xi l: Nguyn l:- Xi mng ri c vn chuyn bng kh nn vo xicl sau c vt ti vn

chuyn vo thit bnh lng trc khi vo thng trn.

u im:- Khng gy nhim mi trng.- Tit kim c chi ph vn chuyn do np xi mng vi khi lng ln. Nhc im:- Khi cn np liu vi khi lng nh khng thun li.

- Kt cu phc tp, gi thnh t.

- Phng php ny c dng ph bin cc trm trn b tng.

2.3.3 Cp nc v ph gia:

Vic cp nc v ph gia hu nh iu da trn phng php cp trc tip t bn

cha: nc v ph gia t bn cha theo ng ng x xung thit bnh lng v

vo ni trn.


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2.3.4Thit bnh lng:

a. nh lng theo th tch: Nguyn l:- Vt liu c x vo trong thng cha c th tch ph hp vi th tch vt liu

cho mt m trn.

u im: kt cu n gin, gi thnh h. Nhc im:- nh lng thnh phn ct liu thiu chnh xc dn n cht lng b tng

khng c m bo.

- nh lng theo thtch thng dng nh lng nc & ph gia hocdng nh lng vt liu cc trm trn b tng nh l, nhng hin nay t s

dng.

b. nh lng theo khi lng:Phng php ny c s kt hp gia c v in nn chnh xc cao.

Nguyn l:-

Vt liu c x vo bn cn, trn bn cn c gn thit b cm bin,tn hiu nhn t cm bin c x l bi my tnh sau kt quc hin th

trn b ch th. y ct c nh lng theo kiu cng dn, cn nc, ph

gia v xi mng c nh lng c lp.

u im:- nh lng vt liu c chnh xc cao; c th cng dn nhiu loi vt liu

trong mt m.

Nhc im:- Kt cu phc tp, gi tnh t.- Hin nay ngi ta dng phng php nh lng kiu khi lng l ch yu.


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2.4 Nguyn l hot ng chung ca trm trn b tng xi mng

Trm trn b tng xi mng nhn chung hot ng theo nguyn l sau:

Hnh I.2.3: S nguyn l hot ng ca trm trn b tng xi mng


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PHN II:GII THIU V PLC S7-200 V

CC THIT B LIN QUAN

CHNG 1: GII THIU V PLC S7-200 CA

SIEMMENS

1.1PLC lg?PLC (Programmable Logic Control) l thit b c th lp trnh, c thit k

chuyn dng trong cng nghip iu khin cc tin trnh x l tn gin n

phc tp, tu thuc vo ngi iu khin m c th thc hin mt lot cc chng

trnh hoc s kin ny c kch hot bi cc tc nhn kch thch (hay cn gi l

ng vo) tc ng vo PLC hoc qua cc bnh thi (Timer) hay cc s kin

c m qua bm. Khi mt s kin c kch ho n s bt ON, OFF hoc

pht ra mt chui xung ra cc thit b bn ngoi c gn vo ng ra ca PLC.

Nh vy nu thay i cc chng trnh c ci t trong PLC l ta cth thc hin cc chc nng khc nhau trong cc mi trng iu khin khc nhau.

Hin nay PLC c nhiu hng khc nhau sn xut nh: Siemens, Omron,

Mitsubishi, Pesto, Alan Bradley, Shneider. Hitachi, . Mt khc ngoi PLC cng

b sung thm cc thit b m rng khc nh: cc cng m rng AI (Analog

Input), DI (Digital Input), cc thit b hin th, cc b vo.


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1.2Cu trc vhot ng ca PLC1.2.1 Cu trc:

Mt h thng lp trnh cbn phi gm c 2 phn ( xem hnh II.1.2 ) Khi x l trung tm ( CPU:CentralProcessingUnit )Gm c 3 phn: B x l, h thng b nhv h thng ngun cung cp.

Hnh II.1.1: S khi CPU ca PLC

Hthnggiaotipvo/ra( Input/Output ).

Hnh II.1.2: S khi ca PLC

1.2.2 Hot ng:V c bn hot ng ca mt PLC nh sau: Ban u, h thng cc cng

vo/ra ( Input/Output ) dng a cc tn hiu t cc thit b ngoi vi ( nh cm

bin, cng tc) vo CPU. Sau khi nhn c tn hiu t ng vo th CPU s x

l v a cc tn hiu iu khin qua cc Module xut ra cc thit bc iu

khin.


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PLC biu din mt mch logic cng bng mt dy cc lnh lp trnh. PLC

thc hin chng trnh bt u t lnh lp trnh u tin v kt thc lnh lp trnh

cui cng trong mt vng. Mt vng nh vy c gi l vng qut ( scan ). Xem

hnh II.1.3.

Hnh II.1.3: Thc hin chng trnh theo vng qut trong PLC

Thng vic thc hin mt vng qut xy ra trong mt khong thi gian rt

ngn, mt vng qut n c thi gian thc hin mt vng qut t 1ms ti 100ms.

Vic thc hin mt chu k qut di hay ngn cn ph thuc vo di ca chng

trnh v c mc giao tip gia PLC vi cc thit b ngoi vi. khc phc victhi gian qut di th cc nh sn xut ch to ra cc h thng PLC cp nht tc

thi, cc h thng ny thng p dng cho nhng ni c slng I/O nhiu v cn

xl lng thng tin ln.

1.2.3 Li ch ca vic sdng PLCCng vi s pht trin ca phn cng v phn mm, PLC ngy cng tng

c cc tnh nng cng nh li ch ca PLC trong hot ng cng nghip. Kch

thc ca PLC ngy nay c thu nh li slng I/O v b nhcng nhiu

hn, cc ng dng ca PLC cng mnh hn gip ngi s dng gii quyt c

nhiu vn phc tp trong iu khin h thng.


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Li ch u tin ca PLC l h thng iu khin ch cn lp t mt ln (vi

mt s h thng, cc ng ni dy, cc tn hiu cc ng vo/ra ), m

khng phi thay i kt cu ca h thng sau ny, gim c s tn km khi phi

thay i lp t khi i th tiu khin ( i vi h thng iu khin relay )khnng chuyn i hiu khin cao hn (nh giao tip gia cc PLC truyn

d liu iu khin ln nhau), h thng c iu khin linh hot hn.

Khng nh cc h thng c, PLC c th d dng lp t do chim mt khong

khng gian nhnhng khnng iu khin nhanh, nhiu hn cc h thng iu

khin khc. iu ny cng t ra thun li hn vi cc h thng iu khin ln,

phc tp v qu trnh lp h thng t tn thi gian hn cc h thn khc.

Cui cng l ngi s dng c th nhn bit cc trc trc h thng ca PLC

nhgiao din qua mn hnh my tnh (mt s PLC th h sau c khnng nhn

bit cc hng hc (trouble shoding ) ca h thng v bo cho ngi s dng), iu

ny lm cho vic sa cha thun li hn.

1.2.4 Mt vi lnh vc ng dng PLCHin nay PLC c ng dng thnh cng trong nhiu lnh vc sn xut c

trong cng nghip v dn dng. T nhng ng dng iu khin cc h thng

n gin, ch c chc nng ON/OFF thng thng n cc ng dng cho cc lnh

vc phc tp, i hi chnh xc cao, ng dng cc thut ton trong qu trnh sn

xut. Mt slnh vc tiu biu ng dng PLC nh sau:

Ha hc v du kh: nh p sut, bm du, iu khin h thng ng dn Ch to my v sn xut: tng ha trong ch to my, iu khin nhit

l nhit luyn kim

Cng nghip giy, xi mng: Tng ha trong qua trnh sn xut nghinbt giy, bt , trn hn hp


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1.3.2 CPU 224XP:

Hnh II.1.4: Hnh nh thc tPLC S7-200, CPU 224XP

CPU 224XP c hai loi ch yu: ngun cp 24VDC hoc 220VAC. 512 tn ( word ), tc l 1K byte, lu chng trnh thuc min b nh

c/ghi c v khng b mt d liu nhc giao din vi EEPROM.( Vngnhc giao din vi EEPROM ).

14 cng vo logic v 10 cng ra logic. 2 ng vo analog v mt ng ra analog. 6 bm tc cao: 2x200kHz v 4x400kHz. 2 ng ra xung tn s cao: ti a 100kHz.

C th ghp ni thm 7 modul mrng s cng vo v ra, bao gm cmodul tng t ( analog ).

Tng s cng logic vo/ra cc i l 256: 128 cng vo v 128 cng ra. C 256 b to thi gian tr( Timer ), trong 4 Timer c phn gii 1ms,

16 Timer c phn gii 10ms v 236Timer c phn gi 100ms.


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C 256 bm ( Counter ), chia lm hai loi: mt loi chm ln v mtloi va m ln va m xung.

688 bit nhc bit, s dng lm cc bit trng thi hoc cc bit t chlm vic.

C cc ch ngt v x l tn hiu ngt khc nhau bao gm: ngt truynthng, ngt xung cnh ln hoc xung cnh xung, ngt theo thi gain v ngt

bo hiu bm tc cao v ngt truyn xung.

C 2 cng truyn thng port0/port1: qua RS485. B nhkhng b mt d liu trong khong thi gian 100 gikhi PLC b mt

ngun nui.

Hnh II.1.5: S u dy CPU224XP DC


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ghp ni S7-200 vi my lp trnh PG702 hoc vi cc loi my lp trnh

thuc h PG7xx c th s dng mt cp ni thng qua MPI.

Hnh II.1.8: Ghp ni qua cng MPI

Ghp ni S7-200 vi my tnh PC qua cng RS-232 cn c cp ni PC/PPI

vi b chuyn i RS-232/RS-485.

Hnh II.1.9: Ghp ni PC/PPI

-Cng tc chn ch lm vic cho PLC S7-200:Cngtcchnchlmvicnmphatrn,bncnhcccngracaS7-

200cbavtrchophpchnccchlmvickhcnhauchoPLC.


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RUN cho php PLC thc hin chng trnh trong b nh.PLCS7-200 sri khi ch RUN v chuyn sang ch STOP nu trong my c sc

hoc trong chng trnh gp lnh STOP ,thm ch ngay c khi cng tc ch

RUN.Nn quan st trng thi thc ti ca PLC theo n bo. STOP cng bc PLC dng thc hin chng trnh ang chy vchuyn sang ch STOP . ch STOP PLC cho php hiu chnh li

chng trnh hoc np mt chng trnh mi.

TERM cho php my lp trnh t quyt nh mt trong cc ch lmvic cho PLC hoc ch RUN hoc ch STOP.

iu chnh tng t cho php iu chnh cc bin cn phi thay i v sdng trong chng trnh .Nm chnh analog c lp t di np y bn

cnh cc cng ra.Thit b chnh nh c th quay 270 .

M tcc n bo trn PLC S7-200:+n SF: n sng khi PLC ang lm vic bo hiu h thng b hng hc+n xanh RUN: n sng bo hiu PLC ang ch lm vic+n vng STOP: n sng bo PLC ang trng thi dng+n xanh Ix.x: n sng bo tn hiu cng vo ang mc logic 1 v

ngc li mc logic 0.

+n xanh Qx.x: n sng bo tn hiu u ra ang mc logic 1 v ngcli mc logic 0.

1.3.4 Pin v ngun nui b nh:Ngun nui dng mrng thi gian lu gi cho cc d liu c trong b

nh. Ngun Pin tng c chuyn sang trng thi tch cc nu nh dung lng

t nhb cn kit v n phi thay th vo vtr d liu trong b nhkhng b

mt i.


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1.4 Cu trc chng trnh ca S7-200:C th lp trnh cho S7200 bng cch s dng phn mm STEP 7

MicroWIN:

Nhng phn mm ny u c th ci t c trn my lp trnh h PG7xx

v cc my tnh c nhn (PC).

Cc chng trnh cho S7200 phi c cu trc bao gm chng trnh

chnh (mainprogram) v sau n cc chng trnh con v cc chng trnh

x l ngt c ch ra trong hnh II.1.10.

Chng trnh chnh c kt thc bng lnh kt thc chng trnh(MEND).Chng trnh con l mt b phn ca chng trnh.Cc chng trnh

con phi c vit sau lnh kt thc chng trnh chnh, l lnh MEND.


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Mch np PLC


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Cc chng trnh x l ngt l mt b phn ca chng trnh.Nu cn s

dng chng trnh x l ngt phi vit sau lnh kt thc chng trnh chnh

MEND.

Cc chng trnh con c nhm li thnh mt nhm ngay sau chng

trnh chnh .Sau n chng trnh x l ngt.Bng cch vit nh vy,cu

trc chng trnh r rang v thun tin hn trong vic c chng trnh sau

ny. C th t do trn ln chng trnh con v chng trnh x l ngt sau

chng trnh chnh.

Hnh II.1.10: Cu trc chng trnh S7-200

1.5 Cc lnh sdng trong chng trnh:a) Lnh xl bit ( cng tc )

Cng tc thng m(Nomally Open, vit tt l NO) v cng tc thng

ng (Nomally Closed, vit tt l NC). i vi PLC, mi cng tc i din cho

trang thi 1 bit trong b nhd liu hay vng nh ca cc u vo, ra. Cng

tc thng m sng (ON ngha l cho dng in i qua) khi bit bng 1,

cng cng tc thng ng sng (ON) khi bit bng 0.


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Trong LAD, cc lnh ny c biu din bng chnh cc cng tc thng

ng v thng m. Trong FBD, cc cng tc thng mc biu din nh

cc u vo hoc ra ca cc khi chc nng AND hoc OR. Cng tc thng

ng c thm du o (vng trn nh) u vo tng ng.

Hnh II.1.11: K hiu cng tc trong LAD v FBD.

b) Bnh thi:

C 3 loi bnh thi :

Bng tr (OnDelay Timer) TON Bng tr c nh(Retentive OnDelay Timer) TONR B ngt tr (OffDelay Timer) TOF

Hnh II.1.12: K hiu bnh thi


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Cc bng trv ng tr c nhbt u m thi gian khi c u vo EN

(enable) mc 1 (ON). Lc gi trm c ln hn hay bng gi trt trc ti

u vo PT (Preset Time) th bit trng thi sc t bng 1 (ON). iu khc

nhau gia 2 loi bng tr ny l bng trbnh thng s b Reset (c gi tran m ln bit trang thai u c a v0) khi u vo EN = 0; trong khi b

nh thi c nhlu li gi tr ca n khi u vo EN bng 0 v tip tc m khi

u vo EN bng 1.

Nh vy ta c th dng loi c nh cng thi gian nhng lc u vo EN

bng 1. Loi bnh thi ny c th reset (xa gi trang m v 0) bng lnh R

(Reset). C hai loi bng tr vn tip tc m thi gian ngay csau khi t ngi trt trc PT v ch dng m khi t gi tr ti a 32767 (16#7FFF).

B ngt tra gi tru ra (bit trng thi) v 0 (OFF) tr 1 khong thi

gian sau khi u vo (EN) i v0. Khi u vo EN c t bng 1 (ON) th bit

trng thi ca b ngt trcng bng 1 ngay lc ng thi gi trm ca n b

xa v0. Khi u vo EN v 0, th bnh thi bt u m cho n khi t c

gi trt trc PT. Lc bit trng thi ca b ngt tr s v0 ng thi n cng

ngng m. Nu u vo EN ch bng khng trong khong thi gian ngn hn thi

gian c t ri quay li bng 1 th bit trng thi ca bnh thi vn gi nguyn

bng 1. B ngt tr ch bt u m khi c sn thay i t 1 v 0 u vo EN.

Hnh II.1.13: a ch v thi gian tr ca bnh thi


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Hnh II.1.14: K hiu bm trong LAD v FBD

d). Lnh scale:

Hnh II.1.15: K hiu lnh c gi tr analog t loadcell trong LAD

Trong : Ov = ((OSHOSL) * (Iv-ISL)/(ISH-ISL)) + OSL

Vi: Ov= output value ( Real )

Iv= input value ( INT )

OSH= high limit of the scale output value ( Real )

OSL = low limit of the scale output value ( Real )

ISH= high limit of the scale input value ( INT)

ISL = low limit of the scale input value ( INT)


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CHNG 2: CC THIT B LIN QUAN

2.1Module analog ca Siemems.2.1.1 Gii thiu chung v Module analog:

a) Khi nim:Module analog l mt cng c x l cc tn hiu tng t thng qua vic

x l cc tn hiu s.

b)Analog input:Thc cht n l mt b bin i tng t -s (ADC). N chuyn tn hiu

tng tu vo thnh tn hiu su ra. Dng kt ni cc thit bo vibiu khin: chng hn nh o nhit , o khi lng...

c) Analog output:Thc cht n l mt b bin i s-tng t (DAC). N chuyn tn hiu s

u vo thnh tn hiu tng tu ra. Dng iu khin cc thit b vi di o

tng t.Chng hn nh iu khin Van mvi gc t 0-100%, hay iu khin tc

bin tn 0-50Hz.

Nguyn l hot ng ca module analog ( xem hnh II.2.1 )

in p : 010V, 0-5V, 5V Dng in : 420 mA, 0-20mA, 10mA.


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Hnh II.2.1: Nguyn l hot ng ca module analog

2.2Module analog EM 235:

Hnh II.2.2: Module analog EM235

Module analog EM235 l Module analog s dng cho PLC S7-200. Gm c 4 u vo Analog hay 4 knh ADC 12bit. Gm c 1 u ra Analog hay 1 knh ADC 12bit.


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Thnh phn M t

4 u vo tng

tc k hiu

bi cc ch ci A,

B, C, D

A+, A-, RA Cc u ni ca u vo A

B+

, B-

, RB Cc u ni ca u vo B

C+, C-, RC Cc u ni ca u vo C

D+, D-, RD Cc u ni ca u vo D

1 u ra tng t ( MO, VO, IO ) Cc u ni ca u ra

Gain Chnh h s khuch i

Offset Chnh tri im khng

Switch cu hnh Cho php chn di u vo v phn gii

Bng II.2.1: Thnh phn ca module analog EM235

Hnh II.2.3: Thnh phn ca module EM235


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a) Nguyn tc u vo module analog EM235

Hnh II.2.4: Nguyn tc u vo module analog EM235

b) Nguyn tc u ra module analog EM235:

Hnh II.2.5: Nguyn tc u ra module analog EM235


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c) nh dng dliu u vo EM235:i vi di tn hiu o khng i xng ( v d 0-10V,0-20mA ):

Modul Analog Input ca S7-200 chuyn di tn hiu o u vo ( p, dng )

thnh gi tr s t 0- 32000.

i vdi tn hiu o ixng ( V d +,-10V, +,-10mA,):

Modul Analog Input ca S7-200 chuyn di tn hiu o u vo ( p, dng )

thnh gi tr s t -32000 n 32000.


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d) Cch ni dy module EM235:

Hnh II.2.6: Cch u dy module analog EM235

e) Ci t gii tn hiu u ra:Di khng i xng Di u vo phn gii

SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6

ON OFF OFF ON OFF ON 0 50 mV 12.5 uV

OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON 0 100 mV 25 uV


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ON OFF OFF OFF ON ON 0 500 mV 125 uV

OFF ON OFF OFF ON ON 0 1 V 250 uV

ON OFF OFF OFF OFF ON 0 5 V 1.25 mV

ON OFF OFF OFF OFF ON 0 20 mA 5 uA

OFF ON OFF OFF OFF ON 0 10 V 2.5 mV

Di i xng Di u vo phn gii

SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6

ON OFF OFF ON OFF OFF 25 mV 12.5 uV

OFF ON OFF ON OFF OFF 50 mV 25 uV

OFF OFF ON ON OFF OFF 100 mV 50 uV

ON OFF OFF OFF ON OFF 250 mV 125 uV

OFF ON OFF OFF ON OFF 500 mV 250 uV

OFF OFF ON OFF ON OFF 1V 500 uV

ON OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF 2.5 V 1.25 mV

OFF ON OFF OFF OFF OFF 5 V 2.5 mV

OFF OFF ON OFF OFF OFF 10 V 5 mV

Bng II.2.2: Ci t gii tn hiu u ra ca module analog EM235


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2.3Module analog EM 223:

Hnh II.2.7: Modul s m rng EM 223

M sn phm: 6ES7223-1PH22-0XA0, s dng cho CPU S7-22X. Thng s k thut:

- Ng vo: 4 DI 24 V DC, SINK/SOURCE.- Ng ra: 4 DO RELAY, 2A/POINT.- u vo: 24 VDC/ 15 n 30 VDC.- u ra: Relay.- Cch in: cch ly quang.- Dng in vo ( tn hiu mc 1): 4mA.- in p ti nh mc L+/L1: 24VDC/ 24 n 230VAC.- Dng in u ra ti a: 2A.- Cng sut: 3W.

2.4u c tn hiu cn PAXS vPAXI :2.4.1 Gii thiu v b hin th gi tr loadcell PAXS.a) Gii thiu chung:

Bm PAXS l sn phm ca hng Redlion. N l b hin th gi tr loadcell

c nhiu im c trng v khnng thch hp cho vic mrng nhng ng dng

trong cng nghip.


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Bm ny c thdng c 5 ch khc nhau cho php nhn cc ng vo

tng t bao gm c cc tn hiu t b chuyn i tn hiu tin p sang dng

in 1 chiu, xoay chiu ( DC Voltage / Current, AC Voltage / Current ), tn hiu

ca cm bin nhit v tn hiu ng vo Strain Gate.

Bm ny c mn hnh LED hin th l 0.56v tm o cho php l t -

19999 n 99999, c tt c 4 setpoint ng ra. Ngoi ra ta c ththay i chng

trnh bng cc phm nhn chc nng hoc bng phn mm Crimson.

Bm PAXS c h trgiao tip, truyn thng vi cc thit b khc bng

cng Enthernet, RS232, RS485 v cc bus dng cng nghip nh Divicenet,

Modbus, Profibus DP. Gi trc ng ra v gi tr setpoint c thiu khin

thng qua bus.

Hnh II.2.8: Bm PAXS

DSP: Thot ra ngoi hin th

PAR: Vo menu bn trong hoc l phm lu gi tr

F1: Tng gi tr hoc tr vmenu trc

F2: Gim gi tr hoc tr vmenu trc

RESET: Reset v gi tr 0


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b) Thng s k thut:

Hin th

6 s0.56 ( 14.2mm ), led hin th mu , c th

hin th trong khong t -19999 n 99999

Ngun cung cp

Ngun AC: t 85 250VAC, 50/60 Hz, 18VA

NgunDC: 11 36VDC, 11W

B chuyn i A/D 16 bit

Tc cp nhp

Tc chuyn i A/D: 20 ch s/ s

Thi gian p ng: ln nht l 200ms

Tc cp nhp hin th: 1 20 ln/ s

Tc cp nhp ng ra analog: 0 10s

Cc thng bo hin th

OLOL: thng bo ny s hin ra khi ta o vt

tm o cho php

ULUL: thng bo ny s hin ra khi ta o di di

tm o cho php

...: thng bo ny s hin th khi gi tr hin th

vt qua gi tr cho php hin th ln nht l 99999

- .: thng bo ny s hin th khi gi tr hin th

nh hn gi tr cho php hin th nh nht l -19999

Phm nhn Gm c 3 phm nhn chc nng chng trnh v

c ton b l 5 phm nhn


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Ng vo C 3 chng trnh s dng ng vo. in p ng

vo ln nht cho php l 30VDC

B nh S dng b nhEFROM lu tr tt c thng s

v gi tr hin th ca chng trnh

Khi lng 286 gram

iu kin mi trng

Di nhit mi trng hot ng t 050 C

Di nhit bo qun: - 40 n + 60 C

m: m mi trng ln nht cho php

dng hot ng v bo qun l 85% m mi

trng

Card giao tip

Card giao tip thng thng RS232, RS485

Divicenet card

Modbus card

Profibus DP card

Bng II.2.3: Thng s k thut PAXS


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c) S kt ni ca b hin th gi tr loadcell PAXS:

Hnh II.2.9:: S u ni cp ngun cho b hin th gi tr loadcell PAXS

Hnh II.2.10 : S u ni ng vo ca bm PAXS

d) Cc module chng trnh ca b hin th gi tr loadcell PAXS:PAXS c tt c 9 modul tmodul 1 n modul 9. Ty theo yu cu m ngi s

dng sci t cc thng s cho cc modul ny

Thng thng b hin th gi tr loadcell PAXS hot ng ch hin th mcnh v cc thng s chny c lp trnh sn.


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Hnh II.2.11:S chng trnh ca bm PAXS

Modul K hiu Chc nng

1 1 - LNP Dng ci t thng s cho tn hiu ng vo

2 2 - FNC Dng thay i cc thng s cho ng vo bng 3

phm nhn chc nng F1, F2, RST trn bng iu khin

3 3 - LOC Dng hin th cc thng s ng ra ca b hin th

gi trloadcell PAXS v kha chng trnh. Khi b hin

th gi tr loadcell PAXS ang hot ng ch ny

th cc thng s khng th thay i v ta ch c th

thay i c cc thng s ca modul ny khi nhn

phm DSP

4 4 - SEC Dng ci t cc thng s chc nng ph khc

ca b hin th gi tr loadcell PAXS

5 5 - tOt Modul ny dng ci t thng s tng ca b

m PAXS


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y l phng php hiu chun 02 im ( INP1, dSP1 ) v ( INP2, dSP2 ) ca

bm PAXS.

Trnh tcc bc thc hin nh sau:Bc 1: Vo menu 1: 1- INP chnh khng ti: im ( INP1, dSP1 ) khng t

qu cn ln.Lc ny trn cn khng c qu cn chun hay ti.

- Ta chn v gn cc gi trnh sau:

Rang = 0.02u, Pts = 2, Style = APPLY

INP 1 = xxx: u cn tc gi tr ny, chn nh ( s ny khng nhy ) ri

bm PAR lu gi tr li.

dSP 1 = 0: nhp vo gi tr 0, dng phm F1 hoc F2 tng hoc gim.

Bc 2: Chnh c ti: im ( INP2, dSP2 ) t qu cn ln.

Theo th t tbc 1, sau khi gim dSP 1 v 0, nhn PAR chuyn sang INP 2

.Lc ny st qu cn ln cn.

INP 2= xxx:u cn tc gi tr ny, chn nh ri bm PAR lu gi tr

li.

dSP 2 = KL: t qu cn ln cn, dng phm F1 hoc F2 tng hoc gim.

Bc 3: Kim tra hiu chnh cn tuyn tnh cha?

V d: Hin ti trn u cn hin th l 500 kg, kim tra s tuyn tnh ca cn

nh sau:

Ly bt qu cn xung 100 kg, ri coi trn u cn c hin thng 400 kg

khng?


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Nu gi tr hin thtrn u cn l ng, th ly thm qu cn xung 3 ln 100

kg v coi li trn u cn, tt c 3 ln u ng nh vy l hon thnh vic hiu

chnh cn.

V d:Hiu chnh cn vi khi lng cn ti a l 100kg

Khng t qu cn ln

Vo menu 1 : chn cc gi tr:Rang = 0.02u, Pts = 2, Style = APPLY

INP 1 = xxx: gi trny u cn tc

i gi tr INP 1 n nh ( s ny khng nhy ) n PAR

dSP 1 = 0: nhp vo 0, dng phm F1 hoc F2 tng gim gi tr

Nhn PAR lu gi tr la chn

t qu cn ln cn l 100 kg

INP 2 = xxx: gi trny u cn tc

i gi tr INP 2 n nh ( s ny khng nhy ) n PAR

dSP 2= 100: nhp vo 100,dng phm F1 hoc F2 tng gim gi tr

Nhn DSP thot ra ngoi

Kim tra li gi tr hin th bng cch ly qu cn chun ra khi cn mi

ln 10 kg, nu u cn hin thng c 3 ln l ng Hiu chun xong.

Nu gi tr hin th 1 trong 3 ln khng ng th phi hiu chnh li cc

gi tr tu


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Hnh II.2.13: Hnh nh kt qu hiu chnh cn trong thc t

Chnh card out analog ca u cn:Gi s khi lng cn ti a l 50 kg. Ta vo modul 8 v chn cc gi trnh sau:

HnhII.2.14: Cc thng s card out analog ca PAXS

tYPE = 0 -10 V: dng phm F1 hoc F2 chn ra 0 - 10

ASIN = INP : dng phm F1 hoc F2 chn ra INP

AN LO : dng phm F1 hoc F2 a gi tr ny v 0

AN HI : dng phm F1 hoc F2 a gi tr ny v 50

udt =0 : thi gian cp nhp d liu cn a ln my tnh


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2.4.2 Gii thiu v bm PAXI:a) Gii thiu chung:

Bm PAXI l sn phm ca hng Redlion. N l bm ng vo s c

nhiu im c trng v khnng thch hp cho vic m rng nhng ng dngtrong cng nghip.Bm ny chp nhn cc ng vo sa dng bao gm c tn

hiu ng ra ca CMOS hay dng TTL, tn hiu ca cm binBm ny c mn

hnh LED hin thl 0.56v tm o cho php l t -19999 n 99999 v c kh

nng chuyn i ng ra tng t bng W/option Card.

Bm PAXI c h trgiao tip, truyn thng vi cc thit b khc bng

cng Enthernet, RS232, RS485 v cc bus dng cng nghip nh Divicenet,Modbus, Profibus DP. Ngoi ra ta c ththay i, sa cha chng trnh bng

phn mm Crimson.

Hnh II.2.15: Bm PAXI

DSP : Thot ra ngoi hin th

PAR : Vo menu bn trong hoc l phm lu gi tr

F1 : Tng gi tr hoc trvmenu trc

F2 : Gim gi tr hoc trvmenu trc

RESET : Reset v gi tr 0


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b)Thng s k thut:

Hin th 6 s0.56 ( 14.2mm ), led hin thmu

Ngun cung cp

Ngun AC: t 85 250VAC, 50/60 Hz, 18VA

NgunDC: 11 36V, 14W

Ngun cung cp cho cm bin 12VDC 10%, dng in cho php ln nht

l 100 mA. Bo v ngn mch

Phm nhn Gm c 3 phm nhn chc nng chng trnh

v c ton b l 5 phm nhn

Ng vo C 3 chng trnh s dng ng vo. in p

ng vo ln nht cho php l 30VDC

Thi gian p ng 6 ms

B nh S dng b nh EFROM lu tr tt c

thng s v gi tr hin th ca chng trnh

Khi lng 286 gram

iu kin mi trng

Di nhit mi trng hot ng t 0 50

C

Di nhit bo qun: - 40 n + 60 C

m: m mi trng ln nht cho php

dng hot ng v bo qun l 85% m mi

trng


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Card giao tip Card giao tip thng thng RS232, RS485

Divicenet card

Modbus card

Profibus DP card

Bng II.2.5: Thng s k thut ca PAXI

c) S kt ni bm PAXI

Hnh II.2.16: S u ni cp ngun cho bm PAXI

Hnh II.2.17:S u ni ng vo ca bm PAXI


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HnhII.2.18: S u ni ng ra ca bm PAXI

d)Cc module chng trnh ca bm PAXI:PAXI c tt c 9 modul tmodul 1 n modul 9. Ty theo yu cu m ngi

s dng sci t cc thng s cho cc modul ny.Thng thng b m PAXI hot ng ch hin th mc nh v cc

thng schny c lp trnh sn.

Hnh II.2.19: S chng trnh ca bm PAXI

Modul K hiu Chc nng

1 1 - LNP Modul ny dng ci t thng s cho ng vo

ca bm A v B

Modul ny dng thay i cc thng s cho ng


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2 2 - FNC vo bng 3 phm nhn chc nng F1, F2, RST trn

bng iu khin

3 3 - LOC

Modul ny dng hin th cc thng s ng ra

ca bm PAXI v kha chng trnh. Khi bm

PAXI ang hot ng ch ny th cc thng s

khng th thay i v ta ch c th thay i c

cc thng s ca modul ny khi nhn phm DSP

4 4 - rtE Modul ny dng ci t ch v tc cho

ng vo ca bm PAXI

5 5 - CtrC Modul ny dng ci t thng s cho ng vo

cho counter C ca bm PAXI

6 6 - SPt Modul ny dng ci t thng s setpoint cho

ng ra

7 7 - SrL

Modul ny dng ci t cc thng struyn

thng vi thit b khc ca bm PAXI nh ch

truyn thng, tc baud

8 8 - AnA Modul ny dng ci t cc thng s ng ra

analog nh ng ra l in p hay dng in

9 9 - FCS Modul ny dng hin th cc thng s hot

ng mc nh ca nh sn xut

Bng II.2.6: Chc nng cc module ca PAXI


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2.5 Thit bkh nn:2.5.1 Xylanh kh:

- Xy lanh ZG2-16-20 ca hng Kuroda Nht Bn.

Hnh II.2.20: Xy lanh kh ZG2-16-20

Thng s k thut:Cht lu Khng kh

p sut lm vic Mpa 0.35 0.7

Nhit lm vic cho php 0C 0 60

Tc lm vic ca piston mm/s 50 300

ng knh trc piston mm 16

Hnh trnh lm vic Mm 20

m Khng s dng

Kiu tc ng Tc ng i

Bng II.2.7: Thng s k thut ca ZG2-16-20


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2.5.2 Van iu khin:- Van in t 5/2 RCS242 ca hng Kuroda Nht Bn.

Hnh II.2.21: Van in t 5/2 RCS242

Thng s k thut van:Kiu van Van in t 5/2

p sut lm vic Mpa 0.2 0.7

Kiu iu khin Mt u cun dy

Nhit lm vic cho php 0C 0 60

Kiu chuyn ng Dn hng bn trong

in p lm vic VDC 24

Kt ni u dy ra kt ni

Bng II.2.8: Thng s k thut ca Van in t 5/2 RCS242

- H thng xy lanh va van diu khin ny dng iu khin ng, mccca x ca xi l cha liu.


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2.6 Cm bin:2.6.1 Cm bin quang:

Hnh II.2.22: Cm bin quang

Thng s k thut:Ngun cp 10 n 30VDC ( Dao ng Ti a 10%), dng b hn 35mA,

bao gm ti, 10 n 24VDC ti nhit ln hn 55oC

Mch bo v ngun Bo v chng u ngc cc tnh, chng hin tng

transient ( xung in p)

Cu hnh ng ra Bn dn loi NPN ( loi Sink) hoc PNP ( loi Source) ty

tng loi. Cu hnh trong TEACH cho hot ng ch

LO(light operate) hay DO(dark operate).

Dng nh mc: Ti a 100mA

Dng r trng thi OFF: nhhn 50 micro A 30 VDC


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in p bo ha trng thi ON: nhhn 1.5V ( cp 2m);

1.7V ( cp 9m)

Bo v chng xung nhiu lc khi ng, trng thi qu ti

di hn, ngn mch ng ra.

Phn ch th

B pht laser c LED xanh l bo hiu cp ngun.

Cn li, s c 2 LED ch th:

n xanh n nh: Bo ngun

n xanh nhp nhy: Ng ra qu ti

n vng n nh: Cm bin nh sng

n vng nhp nhy: li vt qu

gii hn ( vt 1 n 1,5 ln li) trong iu kin c nh

sng.

Lu : Vi code 0223, ch thng ra l thay v vng.

Cu trc V lm bng Polycarbonat / Nha ABS ph hp tiu chun

IEC IP67, NEMA 6

Kt ni 2m hay 9m dy PVC 4 li, loi Pico (Q) 4 chn 150mm, loi

Euro 4 chn 150mm, 4 chn loi Pico (QD) Q7, 4 chn Euro

(QD-Q8) ty tng loi, cp QD phi t ri.

iu kin hot ng -20 n 70oC

m tng i 95% 50oC ( khng ngng t)

Thi gian p ng ng

ra

Chtng phn:750 micro giy khi ON v 375 micro

giy khi OFF.

Ch khuych tn, hiu chnh vng: 700 micro giy khi

ON/OFF


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- Ng ra iu khin: Kiu: NPN v PNP. Dng ti ti a: Ti a 50mA 12VDC, ti a 100mA 24VDC. in p ri: Ti a 1V. Tn sp ng: 500Hz.

- Bo v: Bo v ngn mch ng ra: Khng Bo v chng cp ngc cc p DC: C

- Phn bo hiu: Bo hiu khi c vt ( LED ).- Vt liu:

V bc: Nha (ABS). B mt cm bin: Nha (ABS). V cp: Nha Vinyl chu du.

- Cch lp t: B mt y vi 2 l bt vt.- u ni: 3 im u dy, chiu di dy 2m (6.56 ft).- Khi lng bao gm cp: 45g (1.59 oz).- Tiu chun: NEMA 1, 2, 3, 4X, 6, 12, 13; IEC 144: IP67.- Nhit hot ng cho php: -25oc n 70oc (-13 n 158oF).- Khnng chu rung: 10 n 55 Hz, ti 1.5mm theo 3 hng trc X, Y, Z,

gp i bin trong 2 gi.

- Khnng chng sc: 50 G, 3 ln.


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2.6.3 u dy cm bina. Cm bin loi NPN:

Hnh II.2.24: u dy cm bin loi NPN

b. Cm bin loi PNP:

Hnh II.2.25: u dy cm bin loi PNP

2.7 Loadcell:

Hnh II.2.26: Loadcell thc t


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Thng s k thut:c tnh n

v

Thng s

Vt liu Nhm

in p cp V 24VDC

nhy mV/V 1 0.15

in tru vo 1000 10

in tru ra

1000

5

Nhit hot ng0C -10 60

u dy ra : +24VDCen: 0VDC Trng:

Signal+; Xanh: Signal-

Khi lng Kg 2

Kch thc mm 380x380

Chun bo v IP66

Bng II.2.10: thng s k thut loadcell

Kt ni Loadcell vi PAXS


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Hnh II.2.27:S u ni loadcell vi PAXS

2.8Mt sthit bkhc:2.8.1 ng c DC v ng c DC c hp s:

Trong ti ny nhm s dng 2 ng c DC 24V gi lp motor bm

nc v motor bm xi mng. S dng 2 dng c DC 24V c hp s lm

motor ni trn v motor gu.

Hnh II.2.28:ng c DC v ng c DC c hp s


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2.8.2 Relay:

Hnh II.2.29:Relay MY2DC24 ca Chint

MY2DC24 l loi relay 8 chn dt ,tip im : 220VAC/24VDC - 5A -

2NO+2NC - Coil: 24VDC

Thng sk thut ca relay MY2DC24:Thng s Loi : MY2DC24

in tr tip im Ti a 100m

Thi gian tc ng Ti a 20ms

Thi gian ngt Ti a 20ms

Tn sut hot ng ti

a

Tc ng c hc 18.000 ln/gi

Tc ng in 1.800 ln/gi

in trcch in Ti thiu1.000M (ti 500VDC)

Sc bn in mi 2.000VAC, 50/60Hz trong 1 pht (1.000VAC gia cc

tip im).


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PHN III:THIT K V THI CNG HTHNG TRM TRN B TNG

CHNG 1: THIT K V THI CNG M HNHPHN CNG

M hnh phn cng c thit ktrong ti da theo m hnh trm trn b tng

xi mng ti liu dng gu bn ngoi thc t. Di y l hnh nh m hnh m nhm

thc hin:

Hnh III.1.1: M hnh demo trm trn b tng


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- Gm c cc thnh phn sau: (1): Xi l cp ct (2): Xi l cp dm (3): Xi l trung gian cha ct (4): Xi l cp nc (5): Xi l cp xi mng (6): Ni trn hn hp b tng (7): Cm bin hnh trnh gu ti (8): Xi lanh kh nn (9): Gu ti ct

Hnh III.1.2: M hnh trm trn b tng


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CHNG 2: THIT K V THI CNG TIN

IU KHIN

Tin iu khin c thit k c th vn hnh h thng mt cch d dng

nht, c bit l khi hot ng ch Manual. Vi h thng nt nhn, n bo, b

hin th b mt tin chng ta c th thc hin cc thao tc vn hnh h thng.

Hnh III.2.1: Tin thc tc thit k


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Hnh III.2.3: B mt trong tin


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Hinh III.2.4. Hnh ni dy CP


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S i dy:


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Ghi ch:TN CHC NNG

SW1 Dng ng ctrn.

SW2 Khi ng ng c trn.

SW3 Chn ch Auto hay Manual cho h thng.

SW4 Dng du ti.

SW5 Cho gu i ln.

SW6 Cho gu i xung.

SW7 Chn ch Auto hay Manual cho vic x ni.

SW8 Ngng x ni.

SW9 X ni khi trn xong.

SW10 X ct xung hopper.

SW11 X xung hopper.


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SW12 ng hopper.

SW13 X hn hp ct t hopper xung gu ti.

SW14 On/Off ng c bm nc.

SW15 Xnc vo ni trn.

SW16 On/Off ng c bm xi mng.

SW17 Xxi mng vo ni trn.

SW18 On/Off ng c rung.

SW19 On/Off my nn kh.

DC1 ng c trn ni.

DC2 ng c gu ti.

DC3 ng c bm nc.

DC4 ng c bm xi mng.

DC5 ng c rung.

DC6 My kh nn.

Qx.x Ng ra tng ng ni vi PLC.

Ix.x Ng vo tng ng ni vi PLC.

REx K hiu ca cun dy v tip im ca Relay.

XN1 Van xnc.

XL1 Xylanh ca ni.

XL2 Xylanh ca hopper.

XL3 Xylanh ca xil ct.

XL4 Xylanh ca xil .


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XL5 Xylanh ca xil xxi mng.

DEN1 n bo hot ng ca ng c trn ni.

DEN2 n bo cm bin trn pht hin gu.

DEN3 n bo cm bin gia pht hin gu.

DEN4 n bo cm bin di pht hin gu.

DEN5 n bo x ni.

DEN6 n bo ngng x ni.

DEN7 n bo x ct.

DEN8 n bo x.

DEN9 n ng hopper.

DEN10 n x hopper..

DEN11 n bo bm nc.

DEN12 n bo xnc.

LINEx L cc ng dy mang sx.


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Cn ct :


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Cn nc:


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Hnh trnh gu chy v ni trn hot ng:


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3.1.2Chng trnh LAD vit cho PLC S7-200 CPU 224XP3.1.3MAIN :

SBR-0


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SBR-1


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SBR-3


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3.2 Thit kgiao din iu khin vgim st sdng WinnCC3.2.1 Gii thiu v WinCC:

WinCC ( Windows control center ) l phn mm tch hp giao din ngi

my IHMI ( Integrated Human Machine Interface ) u tin cho php kt hp phn

mm iu khin vi qu trnh tng ha. Nhng thnh phn d s dng ca

WinCC gip tch hp nhng ng dng mi hoc c sn m khng gp bt k tr

ngi no. c bit vi WinCC, ngi s dng c th to ra mt giao din gip

quan st mi hot ng ca qu trnh tng ha mt cch d dng. Phn mm

ny c thtrao i d liu trc tip vi nhiu loi PLC ca cc hng khc nhau

nh Siemens, Mitsubishi, Allen Bradley, nhng n c bit truyn thng rt tt

vi PLC ca hng Siemens. N c ci t trn my tnh v giao tip vi PLC

qua cng COM1 v COM2 ( chun RS232 ).

Thnh lp mt d n trn WinCC Khi ng WinCC Khi to d n Chn v ci t PLC hoc biu khin nh ngha tags. To v hiu chnh hnh nh ca qu trnh Thit lp thuc tnh thi gian thc thi WinCC Runtime Hin th thng sv lu tr d liu

3.2.2 Thit k giao din- Giao din c thit kiu khin v gim st qu trnh hot ng auto

ca h thng trm trn.


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Hnh III.3.2: Giao din iu khin chnh trm trn

Hnh III.3.3: Hin th thng s v xut d liu lu tr


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PHN IV: KT LUN

I. KT QUT C Hiu nguyn l trm trn, cch vn hnh trm trn b tng xi mng. Nm vng kin thc c bn v PLC S7-200 v cc thit b kt ni lin quan. Kt ni, s dng cc thit b tng nh: loadcell, u c gi tr cn, cm

bin

Thit k, thi cng thnh cng m hnh trm trn b tng gn ging thc t. Thit k, u ni cc thit b trong tin iu khin, u ni van solenoid.

Vit chng trnh iu khin v gim st h thng chy n nh. Thc hin iu khin gim st thng qua giao din HMI WinCC.

II. HN CH CA TI Cha c kinh nghim nn thiu chnh xc v mt s khu, b phn c kh. Do thc hin ti vi m hnh nn kh khn v vn sai s khi cn khi

lng nh.

Hn ch v mt kinh ph nn ch thc hin cn thc bng loadcell vi ctv , cn nc v xi mng ch cn gi lp.

Hn ch vng ra nn cha a ra c mt s cnh bo li.III. HNG PHT TRIN CA TI Vi y I/O v chnh xc v phn c kh, ti s cho kt qua cao hn,

cho php h thng hot ng n nh, chnh xc v c th p dng bn

ngoi thc t.

Gii quyt vn sai s khi cn thc t. Gn thm CT o dng theo di bit c h thng chy n nh hay

khng.

Thit k h thng ti liu ct bng bng ti nng cao cng sut mtrn.


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TI LIU THAM KHO

1. Hng Dn S Dng Simatic Step 7-Micro/Dos _ Trng i hc S Phm KThut.

2. Tng Ha Vi S7-200 _ NXB Nng Nghip H Ni.3. Truyn ng in v Trang Bin vi S7VISUWINCC _ Nguyn Th

Ngc Loan , Phng Th Nguyt , Phm Quang Hin.

4. Linh Kin Quang in T_ Dng Minh Tr - NXB Khoa Hc K Thut.5. GIAO DIN NGI- MY HMI ( HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE ) LP

TRNH VI S7 V WINCC 6.0 ca TS. TRN THU H V KS. PHMQUANG HUY.

6. TNG HA VI SIMATIC S7-200 ca NGUYN DON PHC.7. Ti liu iu khin thy khTS. TRN HOI ANH GTVT TP HCM8. Industrial Automation Circuit Design and Component David W. Pessen

Department of Mechanical Engineering Technion, Israel Institue of Technology

Haifa, Israel.

9. Gio trnh cm bin cng nghipTS. Hong Minh CngH Bch Khoa Nng.

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