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http://aneedz.com/vi/news/English-Exercises/Bai-tap-thi-hien-tai-hoan-thanh-418/http://gymglish.vn/goc-tieng-anh/ngu-phap/113-thi-hien-tai-hoan-thanh-tiep-dienCch dng th hin ti hon thnh

Ch nht - 09/03/2014 23:06

s dng c th hin ti hon thnh chng ta phi nm r cu trc v cch dng ca n, ng thi phi hc thuc cc t v cm t thng dng vi th ny.

1. Cu trc ca th hin ti honh thnh:

Have + Past Participle

Have: Khi vit thnh cu th n s c chia ra thnh Has hoc l Have.- Khi ch ng l She, He, It, danh t s it, hoc danh t khng m c th ta dng HAS,- Khi ch ng l I, You, We, They v Danh t s nhiu th ta dng Have

Past Participle l dng qu kh phn t ca ng t,

- Nu l ng t hp quy tc th ta ch vic thm ED vo pha sau ca ng t. Cc bn xem quy tc thm ED cho ng t y)

- Nu l ng t bt quy tc th s l ng t ct th 3 trong bng ng t bt quy tc (Gi chung l V3).

Th hin ti hon thnh c 3 th c bn sau:

(+) S + has/have + Past Participle

() S + has/have + not + Past Participle

(?) Has/Have + S + Past Participle? ( Cu hi tr li ngn - Yes/No question)

Cu tr li:Yes, S + has/have.No, S + has/have + not.

Nh mnh gii thch trn, vit ng th ny trc tin chng ta phi xc nh ch ng l loi no s dng Has hoc Have cho ph hp, tip theo l phi xc nh ng t chnh sau Have/has l ng t hp quy tc hay l ng t bt quy tc thm ED vo n hay l tham chiu n ct 2 trong bng ng t bt quy tc nh.

Bn c n y th bn bit chia th hin ti honh thnh ri, tuy nhin trong ting anh c rt nhiu loi th, do chng ta hy hc cc du hiu nhn bit hay cn gi l cch dng ca th hin ti hon thnh nh sau:

2. Cch s dng th hin ti hon thnh:

2.1. Miu t mt hnh ng xy ra mt thi im khng xc nh trong qu kh.

- Khng c thi gian xc nh.

John has traveled around the world (We dont know when)

Have you passed your driving test?

- Hoc i vi cc t: just, recently, already, yet,

- Hnh ng lp li nhiu ln cho n thi im hin ti, chng ta thng thy cc t i km cch dng ny nh sau:Several times/hours/days/weeks/months/years..

I have watched Iron Man several times.

- Sau cu trc so snh hn nht ta dng th hin ti hon thnh.

It is the most boring book that I have ever read.

- Sau cu trc: This/It is the first/second times, phi dng th hin ti hon thnh.

This is the first time I have had a public speech.

Its the second times he has lost his passport.

2.2. Din t mt hnh ng bt u din ra trong qu kh v vn cn hin ti.

- C cc t ch thi gian i cng nh: since, for, ever, never, up to now, so far,

Jonh has lived in that house for 20 years. (He's still living there)=John has lived in that house since 1980.

3. Cc t i vi th hin ti hon thnh.

Ngoi 2 cch dng chnh trn, khi gp cc trng t, hoc cc cm t sau, th chng ta hy chia ng t th hin ti hon thnh nh.

- Since + mc thi gian v d: since 1982, since Junuary.: k t khi

- For + khong thi gian: for three days, for ten minutes, .: trong vng

V d:I havent heard from her for 2 months.

(Ti khng nghe tin tc g t c y trong 2 thng ri

He hasnt met her since she was a little girl.

(Anh y khng gp c y k t khi c y cn l 1 c b.)

- Already: Dng trong cu khng nh hay cu hi, ALREADY c th ng ngay sau have v cng c th ng cui cu.

I have already had the answer = I have had the answer already.

Have you typed my letter already?

- Yet: cha

Dng trong cu ph nh hoc nghi vn. YET thng ng cui cu.

John hasnt written his report yet.I hasnt decided what to do yet.

Have you read this article yet?

- Just: va mi

Dng ch mt hnh ng va mi xy ra.

I have just met him.

I have just cleaned up the kitchen.

I have just had lunch.

- Recently, Lately: gn y

He has recently studied a new theory on maths.

- So far: cho n by gi

We havent finished the English homework so far.

- Up to now, up to the present, up to this moment, until now, until this time: n tn by gi.

She hasnt come up to now.

- Ever: tng bao gi cha

EVER ch dng trong cu nghi vn hoc kt hp vi cu trc so snh nht

Have you ever gone abroad?

- Never before: cha bao gi

I have never eaten a mango before. Have you eaten a mango?

- In/Over/During/For + the + past/last + time: trong thi gian qua

It has rained in the past week.

She hasnt talked to me over the last 4 days.

4. Phn bit gone to v been to

- gone to: i cha v

Ann is on holiday. She has gone to Paris.

> C ngha l by gi c y ang hoc ang trn ng n .

- been to: i v ri

Ann is back to England now. She has been to Paris.

> C y tng Paris nhng gi v Anh ri.

Bi tp th hin ti hon thnh

Th by - 13/09/2014 15:15

Bi tp n li cch s dng ca th hin ti hon thnh trong cc trng hp c th

Phn 1: Hnh ng xy ra qu kh nhng khng xc nh c thi gian

Phn ny tp trung cc cu miu t hnh ng din ra qu kh nhng cha xc nh c thi gian c th hnh ng din ra hoc hnh ng lp i lp li trong mt khon thi gian t qu kh n hin ti

1. We _______(miss) Liz a great deal this year.

2. We _______(learn) many new words.

3. I ______never_______ (meet) her.

4. Mr. Miller _________(be) in New York many times.

5. Modern Miami ______(develop) only since 1986.

6. _____you ever _______(take) a trip by boat?

7. Yes, I _____(travel) by boat many times.

8. I ______(lose) my book.

9. _____you ___(see) that movies?

10. Miami ______ (become) a popular winter resort.

11. He _____ just _______ (leave) for New York.

12. They ______ just _____(finish) high school.

13. His brother ______just (graduate) from University.

14. They _____just ____(reach) New York today.

15. We ______just _____(receive) a post card from them.

Phn 2: Hnh ng bt u qu kh v cn din tin n hin ti.

Cch dng ny khng c s khc bit gia th hin ti hon thnh tip din v th hin ti hon thnh. Do chng ta c th dng 1 trong hai th u c.

cch dng ny chng ta kt hp vi t Since v For.Since: mt mc thi gianFor: mt khon thi gian:

V d:I have studied English for 3 years (I am still studying now) (th Hin ti hon thnh)hocI have been studying English for 3 years (I am still studying now)(th Hin ti hon thnh tip din)

Sau y l bi tp c th.

1. He _________(work) there for one year. He _________(work) there since last July.

2. He________ (live) in New York for 1 year. He________ (live) in New York since he left here last year.

3. He _______(not) _____smoke for a month. He _______(not) _____smoke since he had a cough.

4. I _______ (study) with this class for six months. I _______ (study) with this class since March.

5. We _____ (wait) for them for half an hour. We _____ (wait) for them since five thiry (now is six O'clock).

6. How long _______ you _______(feel) that way? I ______(feel) this way for a week. I ______(feel) this way since last Sunday.

7. How long _____ you ________(pratice)? I ______(pratice) for two hours. I ______(feel) since dinner.

8. How long ______ Cathy ________ (live) with the Smiths? She ______ (live) with them for 8 months. She ______ (live) with them since October.

9. How long ________ he _______ (teach) here? He _____ (teach) here for a month. He _____ (teach) here since last month.

10. How long ________ he _______ (drive) that car? He _____ (drive) that car for five years. He _____ (drive) that car since he graduated from college.

Bi tp kt hp th hin ti n v hin ti tip din

Th ba - 18/03/2014 23:00

Bi tp ny tp trung vo 2 th hin ti n v hin ti tip din dng xen k ln nhau. Cc bn hy c luyn tp nhn ra cu no thuc th hin ti n v cu no thuc th hin ti tip din chia ng t trong ngoc cho thch hp.

1. Where ___________you (live)____________? I (live)______________in Hai Duong town.2. What _______________he (do) ______________now? He (water)_________________flowers in the garden.3. What _______________she (do)_____________? She (be)______________a teacher.4. Where _________________you (be) from?5. At the moment, my sisters (play)____________volleyball and my brother (play)________________soccer.6. it is 9.00; my family (watch)___________________TV.7. In the summer, I usually (go)______________to the park with my friends, and in the spring, we (have) _____________Tet Holiday; I (be)________happy because I always (visit) ______________my granparents.8. ____________your father (go)_____________to work by bus?9. How ___________your sister (go)___________to school?10. What time _____________they (get up)_________________?11. What ____________they (do)________________in the winter?12. Today, we (have)______________English class.13. Her favourite subject (be)__________________English.14. Now, my brother (like)_________________eating bananas.15. Look! Aman (call)_________________you.16. Keep silent ! I (listen )____________________to the radio.17. ______________ you (play)_________________badminton now?18. Everyday, my father (get up)_________________at 5.00 a.m, but today, he (get up) __________________ at 6.00 am.19. Every morning , I (watch)_________________tv at 10.00, but today I (Listen ) ________________ to music at 10.00.20. Everyday , I (go) __________to school by bike but today I go to school by motorbike.21. Every morning, my father (have) ______________a cup of coffe but today he (drink)______________ milk.22. At the moment, I(read)_______________a book and my brother (watch)_______ TV.23. Hoa (live)________________in Hanoi ,and Ha (live)________________in HCM City.24. Hung and his friend (play)_______________badminton.25. They usually (get up)___________________at 6.oo in the morning.26. Ha never (go)_________________fishing in the winter but she always (do)_____________ it in the summer.27. My teacher (tell)__________________Hoa about Math.28. There (be)____________________ animals in the circus.29. _______________he (watch)______________TV at 7.00 every morning?30. What _____________she (do ) _________________at 7.00 am?31. How old _________she (be)?32. How ___________she (be)?33. My children (Go)________________to school by bike.34. We (go)_______________to supermarket to buy some food.35. Mr. Hien (go)________________on business to Hanoi every month.36. Ha (like)______________coffee very much, but I (not like)______________it.37. She (like )________________Tea, but she (not like)____________________coffee.38. I (love)_______________ cats, but I (not love)__________________dogs.39. Everyday ,I (go)______________to school on foot, but today I (go)____________________to school by bike.40. Who you _________________(wait) for Nam? -No, I _______________________(wait) for Mr. Hai.41. My sister (get)______________ dressed and (brush)_______________her teeth herself at 6.30 everyday.42. Mrs. Smith (not live)_______________in downtown. She (rent)________________in an appartment in the suburb.43. How _________your children (go)_________________to school everyday?44. Its 9 oclock in the morning. Lien (be)________in her room. She (listen) _______________to music.45. We_______________________(play) soccer in the yard now.46. My father (go)___________ to work by bike. Sometimes he(walk)______________.47. _________You (live)________near a market? _ It (be)____________noisy?48. Now I (do)_____________the cooking while Hoa (listen)_______________to music.49. At the moment, Nam and his friends (go)_______________________shopping at the mall.50. In the autumn, I rarely (go)______________sailing and (go)__________to school.51. I (write)_____________________________ a letter to my friend now.52. At 12 a.m every day, I (have)______________lunch and (go)____________to bed.53. On Monday, I (have)________________________ math and Art.54. On Friday, I (have)______________________English.55. At the moment, I (eat)______________an orange, and My sisters (Play)_______ Tennis.56. _______her bag (be)? - No, they(not be)______________.57. What time _____________your children (go)____________ to school?58. He (live)________________in HCM City.59. What time___________your brother usually (get)___________up?60. My house (be)_________in the city and it (be)_________small.61. Every morning , we (have)__________breakfast at 7.00 am.62. This (be)________a book and there (be)_________pens.63. Mr. Quang (live)____________in the countryside. He (have)__________a big garden.64. John (not have)______________Literature lesson on Friday.65. What time _________you (start)___________your class?66. ___________you (be) in class 12A3?67. Mrs. Ha (learn)__________________in Hanoi, but she (not live)__________________ there.68. My brother (not live )____________________in London; he (live )_______________ in Manchester.69. Now Mr. Long (design ) ____________________his dream house.70. He (like)_____________APPLES, but he (not like )_____________________bananas.71. __________________she (like)______________apples?72. Usually, I (have)_________________lunch at 12.00. -__________________you (have) ___________________lunch at 11.00?73. He can (swim)_______________but I cant(swim)_____________________.74. At the moment, my sister (read)___________________ a comic book.75. I (like )__________________ice-cream.76. What ___________________Mr. Ha (live)_______________?77. Monkeys can (climb)_________________ the tree.78. Hang (go)__________________to the bookshop now because she ( want ) ___________to buy some books.79. We (go) ______________to market and (buy)_________________some fruits.80. Now, Lan (study)________________English and Lien (listen)______________to music.81. Everynight , she (have)____________________dinner at 7.00 p.m.82. Every year, I usually (go)______________________Vietnam.83. In the summer, I sometimes (go)____________________swimming.84. Every everning, my mother (like)___________ watching television.85. Lan (have)_______________breakfast and (go)___________to school at 6.30 a.m.86. We (not read)___________________after lunch.87. Tom (be)___________my friend. He (play)______________sports everyday.88. ______________your students (play)__________soccer every afternoon?89. He (go)_____________to bed at 11.30 p.m.90. They (go)___________home and (have)___________lunch.91. ___________he (play)__________sports?92. He (teach)_______________English in a big school in town.93. Everyday she (go)____________to work by bike.94. We usually (read)_________books, (listen)_________to music or (watch)_______TV.95. Sometimes, I (play)__________badminton.96. Ann (like)____________her job very much.97. ___________your mother (walk)_________to the market?98. Look! They (run)_________________________together.

Bi tp cu b ng Peopple Say that

Th ba - 18/02/2014 23:00

Hy vit li cu b ng theo gi ca hai cch hc1. People know that cars pollute the environment.It____________________________________________________________________ Cars ______________________________________________________________(

2. People believe that the robber has worked in the bank.It____________________________________________________________________ The robber _________________________________________________________(

3. Many people believe that she is an honest person.It____________________________________________________________________ She _______________________________________________________________(

4. They think that the president will arrive soon.It____________________________________________________________________ The president ______________________________________________________(

5. It is reported that many passengers died in the crash.People _______________________________________________________________ Many passengers ___________________________________________________(

6. It is expected that the prices will rise again this month.They_________________________________________________________________ The prices _________________________________________________________(

7. It is proved that life doesnt exist on the moon.Scientists_____________________________________________________________ Life ______________________________________________________________(

8. They say that he has passed the final exam with the best result.It____________________________________________________________________ He is ____________________________________________________________(

9. He is said to have been in the army. People say ________________________________________________________(

10. It is believed that the man escaped in a stolen car.People _______________________________________________________________ The man __________________________________________________________(

11. People say that he has been all over the world.It____________________________________________________________________ He _______________________________________________________________(

12. It is believed that the man is 108 years old.People_______________________________________________________________ The man _________________________________________________________(

13.People believe that Omachi is from Quangnam.It______________________________________________________________Omachi________________________________________________________

14. They think that Danny can clean the floor.It____________________________________________________________Danny_______________________________________________________

15. They thought that Nha had had her photos taken.It____________________________________________________________Nha_______________________________________________________

4. People think that Omachi has been punished by the teacher.It____________________________________________________________Omachi_______________________________________________________

Th b ng ca People Say that

Th hai - 17/02/2014 23:00

Cch chuyn sang th b ng ca Cu trc People Say that c i cht khc bit vi cch thng thng, Bn hy c k v lm theo hng dn chc chn s lm c mi cu b ng dng ny

Cu ch ng (Active voice ) ca dng ny nh sau:

They say that he is a good doctor.People said that he was a good doctor.

(Dch ngha cho loi cu ny l: Ngi ta ni rng, ngi ta bo rng hoc nghe n rng...)

Trc khi chuyn sang th b ng cho loi ny, ta phn tch cc thnh phn trong cu trn nh sau

Ta chia cu trn thnh 2 v:

V th 1 (Part 1): They say; People Said:

People (They) l ch ng ca v th nht (Ta gi l S1)

Say (Said) l ng t ca v th nht (V1)

V th 2 (Part 2): that he was a good doctor.

- (That): C th b i m khng b thay i ngha cng khng sai v ng php.- He: Ch ng ca v th 2 (Ta gi l S2)- Was: l ng t ca v 2 (V2)- a good doctor: y l thnh phn b ng (Complement) ca cu; y ta tm b qua khng xt n n.

By gi ta c cng thc tng qut ca cu trn nh sau:

S1 + V1 (That) S2 +V2 + (Object hoc Complement ty theo loi ng t V2)

Vy ta bit c thnh phn cu to ca loi cu ny ri, by gi ti gii thiu cch chuyn sang th b ng ca loi cu ny nh sau:

Cch th nht:

It (be) + P.P (Past participle ca V1) + That + Part 2=> It is said that he is a good doctor.

Vi cch ny chng ta ch cn th ca ng t V1 trong cu ch ng (Active), sau ta chia ng t Be cng th vi th ca ng t V1, Cui cng ta b nguyn v th 2 (Part 2) ca cu ch ng xung th l ta chuyn sang th b ng (Passive form) cho cu trn ri y.

V d:Active:People said that he has a lot of money in the bank.

Ta thy ng t Said (V1) ang c chia th qu kh, do ng t Be khi chuyn sang th b ng v ch ng l It th Be c bin i thnh was.

=>Passive: It was said that he has a lot of money in the bank.

Quy lut chuyn i trn tht l phi khng no? By gi chng ta hc cch chuyn th hai nh.

Cch th hai:

S2 + be + P.P. (Past participle ca V1) + to V2 (inf) hoc + To have V2 (P.P.)

Ta chuyn ch ng S2 ca v th 2 xung lm ch ng ca cu b ng, Chia ng t Be cng th vi th ca ng t V1, Sau cng cho V th 2. Tuy nhin lc ny, ta phi chuyn ng t V2 thnh dng nguyn mu c To (To V2) nu th ca V2 cu ch ng l hin ti n hoc tng lai n, hoc ta phi chuyn V2 thnh To have + qu kh phn t ca V2 (past participle).

V d:Active: People said that he has a lot of money in the bank.Passive: She was said to have a lot of money in the bank. (has ang th hin ti n nn ta chuyn thnh to have)

V d:Active: People said that he had a lot of money in the bank.Passive: She was said to have had a lot of money in the bank. (had ang th qu kh n nn ta chuyn thnh to have had)

Ch :

- Ngoi ng t Say or Said V1, chng ta thng gp mt s ng t khc cng s dng trong cu loi ny nh: Think (Thought); Expect (Expected), Report (Reported, Believe (Believed)....

- Mt ch na nu V 2 c ng t khim khuyt th ta b lun ng t khim khuyt v chuyn ng t V2 thnh nguyn mu c To nh

V d:Active: No one expected that those boys would become good.Passive: It wasn't expected that those boys would become good.Passive:Those boys weren't expected to become good.

Cch th 3:

Cch ny ch p dng khi ng t V2 (Ca v th 2) mang theo tn ng (Object)

V d:They report that the police have found out the robber.Ta thy The Robber l Object (Tn ng) ca V2 (have found), by gi ta chuyn Object (The robber) ln lm ch ng ca cu b ng,

The robber is reported to have been found out.

Ta phn tch cch chuyn sang th passive theo cch th 3 ca cu trn nh sau:

- The robber is reported to have c cch chuyn sang b ng ging nh cch th 2- Been found out: y l cch th 3, ta tip tc chuyn sang b ng cho ng t V2 v th 2.

Nh ta bit rng th b ng lun c ng t Tobe lun ng gia ch ng ca cu bi ng v ng t chnh phi dng past participle. Tuy nhin ng t theo sau Have cng phi dng Past Participle, do , ta cng chuyn Be thnh been lun.

V d:

Ta chuyn thnh 3 th b ng cho cu sau:

Active: They expect that he will meet you at the airport.- Passive 1: It is expected that he will meet you at the airport- Passive 2: He is expected to meet you at the airport.- Passive 3: You are expected to be met at the airport by him

ng t Have Got v Has got

Ch nht - 09/02/2014 23:00

ng t Have Got mang ngha l C s s hu s vt. th hin ti n n c chia ra lm Has got v Have got ty theo ch ng ca n.

Have got v has theo cch dng ca ngi Anh th h xem 2 ng t ny l dng ng t t bit (auxiliary verb), do bn thn chng c th thnh lp th nghi vn v ph nh.

V d: Ti c mt ci ng h.I have got a watch.She has got a baby.

Have got khc vi Cu trc There + be ch s tn ti ca s vt.

T Have Got c th s dng trong th hin ti n hoc qu kh n, ty theo hon cnh m ta chia Have got ph hp vi th ngi s.

+ th hin ti n th Have got c s dng nh sau:

i vi ch ng l: Danh t s nhiu (Plural noun) v cc i t nhn xng I, We, They, You, hoc s kt hp ca 2 danh t ring, th ta gi nguyn have got.

V d:

They have got a new house.Nam and Lan have a bicycle.You have got a new camera.

Theo cch dng ca ngi anh, khi thnh lp th ph nh v nghi vn, chng ta khng phi thm tr ng t cho n.

Thnh lp th nghi vn v ch cn o Have (theo ng th v ngi s) ln trc ch ng:

- Have they got a new house?- Have you got a new camera?

Thnh lp th ph nh ta ch cn thm Not sau have.- They have not got a new camera.- I have not a new house.

i vi ch ng l danh t s t, danh t khng m c, v cc i t nhn x l She, He, It th ta chuyn have thnh has.

- He has got a new house.- She has got a new camera.- It has got a tail.

Th nghi vn, chng ta cng chuyn has ln trc ch ng.

Has he got a new house?Has she got a new camera?Has it got a tail?

Th ph nh, chng ta ch cn thm not vo sau have.

He has not got a new house.She has not got a new camera.

Note: Th ph nh ca Has v Have got u c dng rt gn l Haven't got v hasn't got.

+ i vi th qu kh n th have got chuyn thnh had got cho tt c cc ngi s.

V d:

I had got a new cameraShe had got a new house

Th nghi vn:Had she got a new house?Had they got a new jacket?

Th ph nh:She had not got a new houseShe hadn't got a new camera. (Short form)

Theo cch dng ca ngi M, th xem has got or have got l ng t thng (Ordinary verb) , v h b lun t Got v khi thnh lp th nghi vn v ph nh phi mn tr ng t Do, Does, Did.

V d:

Th khng nh:I have a book.She has a handbag.

Th ph nh:She doesn't have a dress.They don't have a meeting.

Th nghi vn:Does she have a friend?Do you have a bicycle?Did he have a meeting?

Bi tp ng t have got

Ch nht - 09/02/2014 23:00

Bi tp 1: Chia ng t have got theo ng nh dng ngi s ca chng

1) My mother (have got) a watch.2) You (have got) an umbrella.3) Jeff (have got) an MP3 player.4) I (have got) dog.5) Mr and Mrs Tomlin (have got) a car.6) We (have got) a parrot.7) Agnes (have got) a hamster.8) I (have got) a spider.9) Mr Tidwell (have got) a DVD player.10) Victor and you (have got) a computer.

Bi tp 2: Vit li cu th ph nh theo mu sau, nh l khng dng th rt gn nh

V d: I have got a pencil. =>I have not got a pencil.1) I have got a mobile phone.2) Terri has got a mug.3) Mr Weber has got sixteen students.4) You have got a badge.5) Darlene and Ben have got a new teacher.6) We have got a cat.7) Daniel has got a radio.8) My father has got two brothers.9) The child has got a bike.10) Grandma and grandpa have got a television.

Bi tp 3:Vit li cu th ph nh dng th rt gn theo mu sau

V d: He has got an apple.=>He's got an apple.1) We have got a big house.2) My sister has got a guinea pig.3) Her daughter has got a pink box.4) You have not got a photo.5) Samantha has got a new friend.6) I have not got a pen.7) You have got a son.8) Willy has not got a brother.9) Your grandpa has got three radios.10) The Coltons have not got a horse.

Bi tp 4:t cu hi cho cc cu sau cn c vo t gch chn

V d: He has got an apple.=>What has he got?1) Loretta has got a rabbit.2) I have got a car in the garage.3) We have got a house.4) His mother has got a red car.5) Tim has got eight DVDs.6) They have got English on Monday.7) Sallys parents have got a shop.8) You have got karate training twice a week.9) Billy has got a watch from his grandparents.10) We have got ten balloons for your party.

Cch s dng would rather v would sooner

Th nm - 13/02/2014 23:00

Would rather/sooner thng c dng din t s a thch ci ny hn ci khc hoc thch lm vic ny hn vic khc. Thch hn ... l; th ... hn l.

Cc cu trc cu thng gp:Loi 1: Ch c mt ch ng:

Would rather/sooner + bare infinitive (verb):

+ Khi tham chiu n thi gian hin ti th ng t chnh nm lin sau rather v sooner phi dng nguyn mu khng c To (Bare infinitive)

V d:

I'd rather/sooner be a busboy than a bank clerk.I'd rather go by bus.

Khi thnh lp th ph nh th ta ch vic thm No ngay sau Rather v Sooner.

I'd rather/sooner not go by car.

+ Khi tham chiu v thi gian qu kh (Past time) th ta phi chuyn ng t chnh sang dng have + past participle. Cch dng ny ch s tic nui.

I'd rather have gone to John's birthday party.Ti thch n d tic sinh nht ca John hn (Ti phi i d tic ca ngi khc)

Khi dng vi than

I'd rather have gone by bus than by taxiTi th i xe but hn l i taxi.

John would sooner have gone to class yesterday than today.

John thch i hc vo ngy hm qua hn ngy hm nay.

Ch : Khi Would rather/sooner dng vi Than th ngha ca n rt ging vi cu trc Prefer to, tuy nhin cch chia ng t li khc nhau.

i vi th tr li ngn dng ph nh (Negative response) th ta c th b ng t bare infinitive i.

V d:

Are you coming with our family? -> I'd rather not.Anh s n cng vi chng ti ch? -> Ti khng thch lm.

Would you rather have been a bank clerk?-> I'd rather not (have been).Anh c thch lm nhn vin ngn hng khng? ->ti khng thch.

Ngoi ra chng ta thng thy t Far hoc Much nm ngay sau would tng thm mc a thch.

V d:

I'd far (or much) rather be healthy than rich.Ti thch khe mnh nhiu hn l giu c.

I'd far (or much) sooner be young than old.Ti thch tr nhiu hn l gi.

Loi 2: Would rather/sooner + clause (Mnh )

y l loi cu c 2 ch ng, ch ng th nht (S1) khc vi ch ng th 2 (S2)

I'd would rather/sooner he/John got on that train.Ti thch anh y/John ln chuyn tu y c.

Ch : Khi s dng th qu kh mnh sau would rather/sooner.

- ng t chia qu kh nhng cp n vn hin ti hoc tng laiI'd rather you were happy (or weren't sad).Ti mun em hnh phc.

I'd sooner she sat (or didn't sit) next to me.Ti thch c y ngi (hoc khng ngi) cnh ti.

- ng t chia qu kh hon thnh biu th thi gian qu kh.I'd rather you had been / hadn't been here.Ti thch bn (khng ) yI'd sooner he had told /hadn't told me about that story.Em thch anh y k (khng k) cho em nghe chuyn y.

Khi din t th ph nh ca n, ta c th dng didn't hoc hadn't trnh lp li t trong cu.

V d:

You always go without asking for my opinion and I'd rather you didn't (refer to time in present or future)Em lc no cng i m khng hi kin ca anh, anh mun em khng nh th na.

Laura went by car and I'd sooner she hadn't. (refer to past)Laura i bng xe hi, v ti thch c y khng i (Bng xe hi)

Cu gi nh ca loi 2

ng t trong phn mnh c chia dng nguyn mu khng c To. y l kiu cu gi nh hay cn gi l Subjunctive

Loi cu din t ngi th nht mun ngi th 2 lm mt vic g , nhng lm hay khng cn ty vo ngi th 2.

Cng thc

S1 + Would rather that + S2 + bare Infinitive

V d:

I would rather that John call me tomorrowTi mun John gi cho ti vo ngy mai (Nhng John c gi khng th cn ty vo anh y)

We would rather that he take this train.Chng ti mun anh y ln chuyn tu . (p chuyn tu hay khng cn ty vo anh y)

Bi tp would rather v would sooner

Th nm - 13/02/2014 23:30

Lm bi tp thnh tho cch dng ca would rather v would sooner

Bi tp 1: Hon thnh cu vi ng t trong ngoc

A: Would you rather ..a course in literature or science? (take)B: Id sooner for a science course because its more useful for me. (register)A: Would you rather .English in Australia or Canada? (learn)B: I think Id rather ..in Australia because its warmer there. (study)A: If you needed to learn a new job skill, would you prefer .a class or .a private tutor? (attend / have)B: Id rather ..for a class than ..a tutor. Private tutors are too expensive! (sign up / hire)A: Would you rather ..a choir or an orchestra? (join)B: Id prefer ..in a choir to in an orchestra. (sing / play)A: Would prefer .a craft or ..a new sport? (learn / attempt)B: To tell you the truth, Id rather not ..either. Id prefer TV. (do / watch)

Bi tp 2: Chia ng t trong ngoc cho thch hp

1. Id rather you ______(not/drive) so fast, Pat2. Sue went to France this year, but she says she would sooner ______ (go) to Spain.3. Its a shame you missed the party; I would rather you ______ (be) there.4. John had better ______(not/speak) to me like that again.5. He says hed rather ______ (cook) his own food than eat in restaurants.6. Id rather you ______ (not/mention) this to anyone until next week.7. Tims mother would rather he ______ (work) closer to home than he does.8. Greg says he would rather ______( not/leave) things as they are.9. She would prefer to meet you personally rather than ______ (talk) to you over the phone.10. Sean prefers playing football to ______ (watch) it.11. Would you rather ______ (write) in ink or in pencil?12. Sheila prefers ______ (get up) early in the morning rather than ______ (oversleep)13. Would he prefer ______ (drive) to work tomorrow rather than cycle?14. I would rather ______(speak) directly to the manager than ______(deal) with his rude secretary as I did.15. My father prefers to have a beard rather than ______(have) a shave every day.16. Tom prefers ______ (ski) to ______(skate).17. Wouldnt you prefer to sit on this seat rather than ______(stand) for the whole journey?18. Wed better ______ (take) some money for a taxy in case we ______(miss) the bus home.

cch bin i cu trong ting anh

Ch nht - 07/09/2014 23:00

Bin i cu l cch vit li cu mi vi ngha tng ng vi cu cho.

Bin i cu c rt nhiu cch, chng ta c th s dng cc t ng ngha vit li cu, chuyn i gia th b ng v ch ng, s dng cc cch din t th, hoc dng cu trc cu tng ng,...

Bi hc ny gip bn chuyn i cu th hin ti hon thnh sang th qu kh n v ngc li.

1. Cu trc it is... since S + V (ng t V th qu kh n)

Cu ny dng ln cui ai lm vic g l khi noV d:It's is 20 minutes since the telephone rang.(Chung in thoi reo c 20 pht ri)It is 5 days since he left.(Anh y i c 5 ngy ri)

Vi loi cu ny chng ta thy, hnh ng din ra trong mt khong thi gian no , nn ta c th dng th hin ti hon thnh kt hp vi gii t FOR vit li

It is 10 years since I played football.I haven't played football for ten years.It's over six months since she had a swim.She has not had a swim for over 6 months.

Nh vy khi gp cu trc It is + khong thi gian + Since + S + V (Qu kh n) th ta bin n thnh cu trc th hin ti hon thnh S + Have/has + V(ed/v3) + For + Khong thi gian v ngc li nh

2. Cch bin i th 2:

The last time + S + V (QK) was + in/on/at + Danh t ch thi gian hoc khong thi gian + Ago

V d:The last time I saw him was two weeks ago.The last time I saw him was on Monday.

Lc ny chng ta c th dng th hin ti hon thnh hoc cu trc It is + khong thi gian + Since + S + V (Qk)

The last time it snowed here was 3 months ago.-> It hasn't snowed here for 3 months.-> It is 3 months since it snowed here.

The last time I had a haircut was in June. (now is July)-> It's 2 months since I (last) had a haircut.-> I haven't had a haircut for 2 months.

3. Th qu kh n ca ng t Start/Begin dng vi Since /For c bin i thnh th hin ti hon thnh tip din v ngc li

V d: We started learning English 3 years ago.We have been learning English for 3 years.

He began to play tennis when he was a student/in 1990/ 15 years ago.-> He has been playing tennis since he was a student/since 1990/for 15 years.

Cch s dng th qu kh hon thnh

Th su - 29/08/2014 23:00

1. nh ngha th qu kh hon thnh:

Th qu kh hon thnh dng din t hnh ng hon tt trc mt thi im hoc mt hnh ng khc trong qu kh

2. Cu trc th qu kh hon thnh

2.1 Cu khng nh:

S + Had + PP

Had dng cho tt c cc ch ng, khng phn bit ngi s,

PP:(Past participles) hay cn gi l qu kh phn t, PP c th l ng t hp quy tc thm ED

V d: I had already finished homework before my monther came home.

v cng c th l ng t bt quy tt (Ct 3) ca bng ng t bt quy tc.

v d: I had had dinner before he came.(T had th nht l ca cu trc Had + PP, cn t had th 2 (gch chn) l ng t have c chia ct 3 nh)

2.2 Cu nghi vn:

i vi cu nghi vn, ta chuyn Had ln u cu hoc ngay pha sau tr t nghi vn

v d:Had you done your homework before your mother came home?When had you done your homework before your mother came home?

2.3 Cu ph nh:

i vi cu ph nh, ta ch vic thm NOT ngay sau t had.V d:

I had not had dinner before he came.Hoc ta vit tt t had not thnh hadn'tI hadn't had dinner before he came.

3. Cch s dng th qu kh hon thnh

3.1 cch dng th nht

Xem v d sau:

Sarah and Paul went to a party last week, but they didnt see each other. Paul went home at 10.30 and Sarah arrived at 11 oclock. So: When Sarah arrived at the party. Paul wasnt there.-> Th qu kh hon thnh: He had gone home (before Sarah arrived).

Tun ri Sarah v Paul i d tic nhng h khng gp nhau. Paul v nh lc 10h30 v Sarah n lc 11h. V vy:Khi Sarah n d tic th Paul khng cn .Anh y i v nh (trc khi Sarah ti)

Vy cch dng th nht: Khi c mt hnh ng xy ra v hon tt trc mt hnh ng khc trong qu kh. cch dng ny chng ta thng thy n kt hp vi lin t (conjunction) ch thi gian nh Before, After, already, just, when, as soon as, by the time, until

hnh ng xy ra trc th dng th qu kh hon thnh, cn hnh ng xy ra sau th dng th qu kh n.

3.2 Cch dng th 2:

Hnh ng xy ra nh l iu kin tin quyt cho hnh ng khcI had prepared for the exams and was ready to do well.Tom had lost twenty pounds and could begin anew.

Trong cu iu kin loi 3 din t iu kin khng c thc

If I had known that, I would have acted differently.She would have come to the party if she had been invited.

Dng vi wish din t c mun trong qu khI wish you had told me.She wishes she had known about his problems.

Ch : Trong vi trng hp d c lin t BEFORE hoc AFTER s dng trong cu nhng chng ta khng nht thit phi s dng th qu kh hon thnh v mi lin h thi gian r rng ri.

V d:After Sam (had) left, we got there.Sam (had) left before we got there.When we got there, Sam left (Sam left at that moment)

Cc trng hp khng dng mo t

Th nm - 12/06/2014 23:00

Zero article l mo t rng, hay ni cch khc l khng dng mo t xc nh hoc mo t bt nh i km cho danh t.Vy cc trng hp no khng cn dng n 2 loi mo t bt nh v xc nh?

1. Khi danh t s nhiu c dng trong cu pht biu mang ngha chung chung.

V d:- Cats don't like cold weather. (Loi mo ni chung khng thch tri lnh)- Beans are good for health.- women are fighting for their rights.- Doctors always support each other.- Italians make delicious piza.- Trees don't grow in the antarctic.- Watches have become very accurate.- Post offices close at 4 O'clock.

2. Danh t khng m cc th khng cn mo t.

Danh t khng m c khng th i cng viMo t bt nh(Indefinte articles),Tuy nhin ta c th b qua mo t vi loi danh t ny

V d:Life is short.I like butter.

3. Khng dng mo t vi danh t ring.

a. Zero Article + Tn ngi- Fritz Webber lives in Berlin.- The Fritz Webber I know lives in Berlin.

b. Zero article + Chc danh (Titles)Trong ting anh, chng ta s dng cc chc danh nh Mr, Mrs, Ms, Miss, Dr, Darling, vn vn xng h trong cc tnh hung trang trng by t s tn trng hoc tnh thngca mnh vi ngi khc, khi s dng cc chc danh ny vi danh t, ta khng cn dng mo t A/An hoc The

Mr and Mrs Jackson are here to see you.Mr Smith, can you give me a hand?

4. Zero article + Cc bui ca ngy v m.

V d:At dawn;Day break;at sunset / sunrise.at noon / midnight /nightat /by / after / until 8 O'clock.

By gi ta so sch cc trng hp sau:We left atdawn. ( cp n thi gian trong ngy)I've seenadawn like it. ( cp n mt bui bnh minh no )We've got up early to admirethedawn.( cp n mt bui bnh minh c th trong ngy)

5. Zero article + Cc ba n nh l breakfast, lunch, tea, dinner, supper.

khng dng mo t i vi cc danh t ch ba nV d:Come to have dinner with us.It is a very nice dinner.The dinner we had last night was enormous.

6. Zero article + Danh t nh l school / Hospital / college / University / work / sea / bed / court / prison / market din t mc ch chnh.

- We got to church (To pray Mc ch chnh l cu nguyn)- We went toward tothechurch. (Church ta ta nh ta ang i n.)- The sailor have done to sea (to work: Ra bin lm vic)- We are going tothesea next weekend. (Ra b bin)- I met her at college.

7. Zero article + Danh t ch phng tin vn ti nh l by bus / by train / by plane / by car / on foot / on horse-back.

V dWe travelled all over Europe by bus.I came here on the local bus.

8. Zero article c dng trong cc php din t c nh khc.

- Hand in hand- From top to toe;- From top to bottom.- with knife and fork.- day by day; day after day...

9. Which what; such + Danh t s nhiu (plural nouns).

What fools they are!Young people enjoy such freedom nowadays.

10. Chng ta khng dng mo t bt nh hoc mo t xc nh i vi cc danh t c b ngha bng tnh t s hu.

- Mycar doesn't start. I guess it runs out of gasoline.-Hisstudents work very hard in the exam.

Cc tnh t miu t ngi hay dng nht

Ch nht - 08/06/2014 23:00

S dng thnh tho Tnh t ting anh miu t cc tnh cch, trng thi con ngi rt quan trng v cn thit khi vit vn miu t ngi hoc dng a ra mt nhn nh v mt ngi no . Bng tnh t ch tnh cch sau y c chia theo nhm cc bn d chn ly nhng tnh t ph hp vi tnh hung miu t ca mnh

1TallCao

2BigTo, bo

3FatMp, bo

4ShortThp

5ThinGy, m

6ActiveTch cc

7BadXu, ti

8DiligentChm ch

9GoodTt

10Hard-workingChm ch

11LazyLi bing

12PotiveTiu cc

13Bad-lookingXu

14Blackguardlyu cng, tin

15BoredBun chn

16GladVui mng, sung sng

17KindT t

18NiceTt, xinh

19UnmercifulNhn tm

20LuckyMay mn

21UnluckyBt hnh

22FairCng bng

23UnpairBt cng

24Beautifulp

25CuteD thng, xinh xn

26GracefulDuyn dng

27PrettyXinh, p

28UglyXu x

29CleverThng minh

30Dulln n

31IntelligentThng minh

32Stupidn n

33ClumsyVng v

34CheatLa o

35DeceptiveDi tr, la lc

36DexterousKho lo

37DishonestBt lng, khng tht th

38HonestTht th, Trung thc

39ImpatientKhng kin nhn

40PassionateSi ni

41PatientKin nhn

42SmartLanh li

43TruthfulTrung thc

44UneducatedNgu dt

45AlertNhanh nhy, phn ng nhanh

46CarefulCn thn

47CarelessBt cn

48ComfortableThoi mi

49ConvenientThoi mi,

50InconvenientPhin toi, kh chu

51MerrySng khoi

52TiredMt mi

53WorriedLo lng

54WealthyGiu c

55BrokeTng bn

56StrongKho mnh

57Weakm yu

58RichGiu c

59PoorNgho kh

60YoungTr

61OldGi

62Healthy, wellKho mnh

63Sickm

64FreshTi tnh

65ExhaustedKit sc

66FullNo

67Hungryi

68ThirstyKht

69GladVui mng

70UpsetBc mnh

71FriendlyThn thin

72UnfriendlyKh gn

73HospitalityHiu khch

74DiscourteousKhim nh, bt lch s

75LovelyD thng, ng yu

76UnlovelyKh a, khng hp dn

77NaiveNgy th

78PoliteLch s

79ImpoliteBt lch s

80GenerousRng ri, rng lng

81MeanHn, bn tin

82PleasantD chu

83UnpleasantKh chu

84FrankThnh tht

85TricklyXo quyt, di tr

86CheerfulVui v

87SadBun su

88LiberalPhng khong, rng ri, ho phng

89Selfishch k

90Easy-goingD tnh

91Trustableng tin cy

92GentleNh nhng

93Calmim tnh

94Hot-temperedNng ny

95Open-heartedCi m

96SecretiveKn o

97TimidRt r, bn ln

98SheepishE thn, xu h (Thng do bn lm iu g sai v ng ngn)

99ShamelessTrng tro

100ShyXu h

101ColdLnh lng

102HappyHnh phc

103UnhappyBt hnh

104HurtTn thng

105SincereChn thc

106ScaredLo s

107SleepyBun ng

108JoyfulVui sng

109Angry, madTc gin

110BraveDng cm

111AfraidS hi

112CourageGan d, dng cm

112BlindM

113Deafic

114DumbCm

p dng cc tnh t ny vo trong cu, bn hy tun theo quy lut sau nh- Ch ng + be / linking verb + Adjective (Tnh t)V d: He is very easy-going. I like to talk to him.- Ch ng + be + tnh t + noun.V d: He is a hot-tempered man. He always gets angry when there is something wrong happening.

cch s dng th qu kh tip din

Th nm - 28/08/2014 23:00

Th qu kh tip din c dng miu t hnh ng ang din tin ti mt thi im xc nh trong qu kh. Trc khi i vo cc tnh hung c th, chng ta im qua cu trc ca th ny nh sau:

1. Cu trc ca th qu kh tip din:

Cu trc ca th qu kh tip din kh ging vi th hin ti tip din, ch khc l ng t is v am c chuyn thnh was dng vi ngi th nht s t (I) v ngi th 3 s t (He, She, It, danh t s t, danh t khng m c), cn ng t Are c chuyn thnh Were s dng cho cc ngi cn li (you, we, they, danh t s nhiu)

S + Was + V-ing +O ...(Khi ch ng S l I, He, She, It, danh t s t, danh t khng m c)S + Were + V-ing +O ...(Khi ch ng lyou, we, they, danh t s nhiu)

V d:

When I came home yesterday, he was sleeping.When I came home yesterday, they were sleeping.

i vi cu hi, chng ta ch vic a ng t were hoc was ln u cu hoc ngay pha sau tr t nghi vn (nu c)

V d:What were you doing at 6 PM yesterday?Were you staying at home 5 PM yesterday?

i cu ph nh, ta ch vic thm NOT vo pha sau ng t TOBE were hoc was.

V d:

I was not at home at 6 PM yesterday.They were not playing football at 6 PM yesterday.

Ch : Khi thm NOT vo sau ng t TOBE, ta c cch vit tt sau:

Were not = Weren't => /wnt /Was not = wasn't => /wznt/Cch thm ING cho ng t.

2. Cc tnh hung thng s dng th qu kh tip din

2.1 Hnh ng ang din tin ti thi im c th no qu kh

V d:At the time of the robbery, he was staying with us.When I got up this morning, the sun was shining and the birds were singing.

-Hnh ng ang din tin lin tc trong mt khong thi gian nhm nhn mnh tnh lin tc ca s vic. Chng ta thng thy cc cm t all day, all morning,.. c s dng vi th ny.

V d:They were quarelling all the whole time they were together.I was painting all day yesterday.

* Thng thng nu cu trn ch c t Yesterday, th ta chia ng t th qu kh n

I painted yesterday.

Thm vi trng hp c th ca cch dng ny:

Chng ta thng thy cm t at this time + thi gian qu kh nh yesterday, last week hoc 5 PM yesterday.

V dYesterday at this time, I was doing my home work.Last night at 9 PM, I was watching a game show.

2.2 Hnh ng bt u qu kh trc hnh ng khc din ra.

Th qu kh tip din cn c dng din t hnh ng ang din ra qu kh sau c hnh ng khc chen ngang vo. Cch dng ny thng kt hp vi th qu kh n (Hnh ng chen ngang vo, trong khong thi gian ngn hn).

V d

He came in when I was singing.

Cu ny c ngha l: Ti ang say xa ht th anh y bc vo.

Cc bn c hnh dung hnh ng no xy ra trc khng? v hnh ng no xen ngang vao? s kt hp ny th hnh ng xy ra trc v ang tip tc th dng th qu kh tip din cn hnh ng chen ngang (xy ra sau) th dng th qu kh n nh

V d tip theo:The phone rang when I was having dinner.The phone was ringing and I woke up.

Ch :Nu hai hnh ng cng din ra song song nhau v c tnh lin tc th ta chia c 2 hnh ng th qu kh tip din nh.

When I was studying English, my friend was playing chess with my father.

i vi hnh ng lp i lp li trong qu kh v lm phin n ngi khc

V d:When he worked here, he was always making mistakes.

Th hin ti hon thnh tip din (Present perfect continuous) c s dng ch s vic xy ra trong qu kh nhng vn cn tip tc hin ti v c th vn cn tip din trong tng lai.

Cch dngChng ta s dng th ny ni v s vic kt thc nhng chng ta vn cn thy nh hng hay du vt v n.

Oh, the kitchen is a mess. Who has been cooking?

Oh, nh bp tht ln xn. Ai va nu n y? You look tired. Have you been sleeping properly?

Anh trng c v mt mi. Anh ng khng gic ? I've got a stiff neck. I've been working too long on computer.

Ti b chng cng c. Ti lm vic trn my vi tnh trong thi gian di.Th ny cng c th c s dng ni v cc s vic xy ra qu kh v vn cha kt thc hin ti.

I've been learning Spanish for 20 years and I still don't know very much.

Ti hc ting Ty Ban Nha c 20 nm nhng ti vn khng bit nhiu lm. I've been waiting for him for 30 minutes and he still hasn't arrived.

Ti ch anh ta 30 pht ri nhng anh ta vn cha n. He's been telling me about it for days. I wish he would stop.

Anh ta ni vi ti v chuyn my ngy nay ri. Ti c g anh ta ng ni na.Th ny cng c th c s dng ch s vic xy ra nhiu ln trong qu kh v vn cn tip tc hin ti.

She's been writing to her regularly for a couple of years.

Trong my nm nay c y thng xuyn vit th cho b y. He's been phoning me all week for an answer.

Anh ta gi in cho ti c tun ny ch c c cu tr li. The university has been sending students here for over twenty years to do work experience.

Trng i hc gi sinh vin n y thc tp trong hn 20 nm.Th hin ti hon thnh tip din thng c dng chung vi cc cm t nh: 'since', 'for', 'all week', 'for days', 'lately', 'recently', 'over the last few months'. I've been wanting to do that for ten years.

Ti mun lm vic sut 10 nm nay. You haven't been getting good results over the last few months.

Trong my thng va qua, bn t c kt qu rt tt. They haven't been working all week. They're on strike.

H khng lm vic c tun nay. H ang nh cng. He hasn't been talking to me for weeks.

Anh y khng ni chuyn vi ti my tun nay ri. We've been working hard on it for ages.

Chng ti b ra rt nhiu cng sc cho n trong nhiu nm. I've been looking at other options recently.

Gn y ti ang xem xt cc phng n khc. Have you been exercising lately?

Gn y anh c tp th dc khng? He's been working here since 2001.

Anh y lm vic y t nm 2001.Cu trcCu khng nh- S+ have/has + been+ V-ing + (O)

* Ghi ch:S: Ch ng

V: ng t

O: Tn ng

V d:

He's been phoning me all week for an answer.

I have been exercising hard recently.

Cu ph nh- S+ have not/has not + been+ V-ing + (O)

- S+ haven't/hasn't + been+ V-ing + (O)

V d:

He hasn't been talking to me for weeks

I have not been exercising recently.

Cu nghi vn- (T hi) + have/has + S + been+ V-ing + (O)?

V d:

Oh, the kitchen is a mess. Who has been cooking?

Have you been exercising lately?