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CAN/CSA-B651.2-07National Standard of Canada

Accessible design for self-service interactive devices

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CAN/CSA-B651.2-07January 2007

Title: Accessible design for self-service interactive devices

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Accessible design for self-service interactive devices

CAN/CSA-B651.2-07

National Standard of Canada


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CAN/CSA-B651.2-07 Accessible design for self-service interactive devices

January 2007 © 2007 Canadian Standards Association 1

ContentsPreface 4

0 Introduction 50.1 Legislation 50.2 Demographics 50.3 Benefits 5

1 Scope 61.1 Purpose 61.2 Limitations 61.3 Application 61.4 Terminology 61.5 Dimensions 7

2 Reference publications 7

3 Definitions 8

4 Design requirements 94.1 General 94.2 Functional performance 94.2.1 Functional performance of electronic devices 94.2.2 Functional performance of mechanical devices 9

5 Hardware components 105.1 General 105.1.1 Interface 105.1.2 Height of controls 105.1.3 Biometrics 105.2 Enclosure stability 105.3 Displays 105.3.1 Position of monitors 105.3.2 Touch screen displays 115.4 Insertion slots 115.4.1 Slot location assistance 115.4.2 Orientation 115.4.3 Tapering 115.5 Card or document readers 115.5.1 General 115.5.2 Swipe readers 115.5.3 Dip readers 125.5.4 Motorized readers 125.5.5 Flatbed document scanners 125.5.6 Bar code scanners 125.6 Pinpads 125.7 Keys for keypads and keyboards 135.7.1 Feedback 13


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5.7.2 Key surfaces 135.7.3 Key characters or symbols 135.8 Data entry devices 135.9 Output components 135.9.1 Output through a slot 135.9.2 Output to a bin or receptacle 135.9.3 Printed output 145.9.4 Headphone jack 145.9.5 Handsets 14

6 Software 146.1 General 146.2 Input/control devices and input feedback 146.2.1 Accidental activation 146.2.2 Adjustable time 156.2.3 Active input modes 156.2.4 Feedback 156.2.5 Warning tones 156.2.6 Warning information 156.3 Dynamic display of information 156.3.1 Font 156.3.2 Written text and instructions 166.3.3 Colour contrast 166.3.4 Graphics and video 176.3.5 Audio 176.4 User options 176.5 Output 17

7 Site installation 18

Annex A (informative) — Characteristics of people with disabilities 19Annex B (normative) — Stability 22Annex C (normative) — Data entry devices 23Annex D (informative) — Resources 29


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Preface This is the first edition of CAN/CSA-B651.2, Accessible design for self-service interactive devices.

This Standard specifies requirements for making electronic (including electro-mechanical) and mechanical self-service interactive devices accessible to and usable by people with a range of physical, sensory, and cognitive disabilities. It has been developed to fulfill an expressed need for a national technical Standard covering a broad range of interactive devices.

The requirements specified in this Standard are minimum requirements. In addition, this Standard does not have the force of law unless referenced by a statute or regulation of an authority having jurisdiction. Users are advised to contact the appropriate authority having jurisdiction to determine whether and to what extent this Standard is referenced.

The devices covered by this Standard vary widely depending on their intended use. For this reason, this Standard has been developed using a component-based approach. Users should consult the various sections of the Standard to determine the accessibility requirements for specific components or features of a particular device.

This Standard was prepared by the Subcommittee on Accessible Design for Self-Service Interactive Devices, under the jurisdiction of the Technical Committee on Accessible Design and the Strategic Steering Committee on Community Safety, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee. This Standard has been approved as a National Standard of Canada by the Standards Council of Canada.

January 2007Notes: 1) Use of the singular does not exclude the plural (and vice versa) when the sense allows.2) Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it

remains the responsibility of the users of the Standard to judge its suitability for their particular purpose.3) This Standard was developed by consensus, which is defined by CSA Policy governing standardization — Code

of good practice for standardization as “substantial agreement. Consensus implies much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity”. It is consistent with this definition that a member may be included in the Technical Committee list and yet not be in full agreement with all clauses of this Standard.

4) To submit a request for interpretation of this Standard, please send the following information to [email protected] and include “Request for interpretation” in the subject line: a) define the problem, making reference to the specific clause, and, where appropriate, include an

illustrative sketch;b) provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; andc) where possible, phrase the request in such a way that a specific “yes” or “no” answer will address the

issue.Committee interpretations are processed in accordance with the CSA Directives and guidelines governing standardization and are available on the Current Standards Activities page at standardsactivities.csa.ca.

5) This Standard is subject to review within five years from the date of publication. Suggestions for its improvement will be referred to the appropriate committee. To submit a proposal for change, please send the following information to [email protected] and include “Proposal for change” in the subject line: a) Standard designation (number);b) relevant clause, table, and/or figure number;c) wording of the proposed change; andd) rationale for the change.


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CAN/CSA-B651.2-07Accessible design for self-service interactive devices

0 Introduction

0.1 LegislationThe Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms states that every individual is equal before and under the law without discrimination based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, sex, age, or mental or physical disability. The Canadian Human Rights Act has brought the issue of providing accessible consumer services and built environments to the forefront for industries that are federally regulated. In addition, each provincial and territorial government has enacted human rights legislation to promote equality and reduce discrimination.

0.2 DemographicsAs many as one in seven Canadians aged 15 and over — an estimated 3.4 million people, or 14.6% of the adult population — has a disability (Statistics Canada, 2002). The highest disability rate occurs in the age group 75 and over, where more than one-half of men and women report a disability.

Data from the 2001 census indicate that the median age of Canada’s population reached an all-time high of 37.6 years (Statistics Canada, 2002), the median age being one of many indicators that signifies the population is aging. The proportion of people aged 65 and over will increase more rapidly by 2011, as the oldest baby boomers reach retirement age.

Shifts in population size within various age groups have far-reaching social, economic, and policy impacts. The number of individuals within an age group has a profound effect on the demand for products and services. People with disabilities and older people are coalescing as an economic and social force and constitute a significant portion of the consumer market. It is estimated that people with disabilities are responsible for $25 billion in annual buying power in Canada and influence the spending decisions of an estimated 12 to 15 million other Canadians (McCallum, J. and D. Holt, 2000). Taken together, these increasingly overlapping groups are a growing force among consumers. They will represent 20 to 25% of the recreational, retail, entertainment, workplace, and housing markets in the next 10 years and beyond (Statistics Canada, 2002). Therefore, it makes good business sense to increase access for all customers, including those with disabilities or functional limitations.

0.3 BenefitsAccessibility is an important consideration in the design of products, systems, environments, and facilities because it affects usability for people with the widest possible range of capabilities. Many accessibility features benefit those who do not have a disability by enhancing usability and providing possibilities for customized design. For example, taking into account the needs of people with low vision helps all users trying to read a display in poor lighting conditions or without their reading glasses.

Involving users with a range of abilities during the design and development phase can reduce development time and costs and ensure the early detection of problems, thus avoiding expensive


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redesign. Improvements implemented during the design phase are less costly than those implemented after production.

Accessible design also helps organizations and businesses develop or maintain global markets by making their products compliant with legal accessibility requirements in force in other countries. Accessible design is a requirement for acceptance into the U.S. market (e.g., under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Accessible design is also covered by European Commission Mandates M/273 and M/283.

1 Scope

1.1 PurposeThe purpose of this Standard is to specify minimum accessibility and usability requirements for self-service interactive devices intended for public use.Notes: 1) While the purpose of this Standard is to make a product as accessible and usable as practicable for people

with disabilities or functional limitations, it is possible that some people will have needs greater than the needs addressed by this Standard. See Annex A for information on the characteristics of people with disabilities.

2) The language requirements stated in this Standard refer to English and French, i.e., the official languages of Canada.

1.2 Limitations

1.2.1 This Standard is limited to self-service interactive devices that contain any of the components specified in Clause 5.

1.2.2 This Standard does not covera) automated banking machines (ABMs), which are covered by CAN/CSA-B651.1; andb) websites and web applications that are beyond the control of the service provider and accessed

from public devices.

1.3 ApplicationThis Standard specifies technical requirements that can be applied to the design and manufacturing of self-service interactive devices. However, the extent to which these requirements are to be applied lies outside the scope of this Standard and remains the responsibility of authorities having jurisdiction and other users of this Standard.

1.4 TerminologyIn CSA Standards, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard; and “can” is used to express possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables


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and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

1.5 DimensionsThis Standard contains minimum requirements based on adult dimensions. Dimensions are given in SI (metric) units (typically in millimetres) and, where converted from imperial units, have been rounded off with respect to critical dimensions. All dimensions in figures are given in millimetres and are measured to the centreline, unless otherwise specified.

2 Reference publicationsThis Standard refers to the following publications, and where such reference is made, it shall be to the edition listed below, including all amendments published thereto.

CSA (Canadian Standards Association)CAN/CSA-B651-04 Accessible design for the built environment

CAN/CSA-B651.1-01 (R2006) Barrier-free design for automated banking machines

CAN/CSA-B659-01 Design for aging

ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)EG 202 116 V1.2.1 (2002) Human Factors (HF); Guidelines for ICT products and services; “Design for All”

European CommissionM/273 (1998) Mandate to the European Standards Bodies for Standardization in the field of information and communications technologies (ICT) for disabled and elderly people

M/283 (1999) Mandate to the European Standards Bodies for a guidance document in the field of safety and usability of products by people with special needs

Government of CanadaCanadian Human Rights Act, RSC 1985, c. H-6

Statistics Canada, 2002. A profile of disability in Canada, 2001. Ottawa: Minister of Industry.

Government of the United KingdomCanadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Part I of the Constitution Act, 1982, being Schedule B to the Canada Act 1982 (U.K.), 1982, c.11

Government of the United StatesAmericans with Disabilities Act of 1990, 42 U.S.C §§ 12101 et seq.


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Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, 29 U.S.C § 794(d)

IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission)60950-1:2005 Information technology equipment — Safety — Part 1: General requirements

ISO (International Organization for Standardization)ISO/TS 16071:2003 Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Guidance on accessibility for human-computer interfaces

Other publicationMcCallum, J. and D. Holt. April 2000. “Outlook for people with disabilities: Cautious optimism on a mounting 21st century social challenge”. Royal Bank of Canada Current analysis.

3 DefinitionsThe following definitions apply in this Standard:

Biometrics — the use of a physical attribute for identifying an individual.

Colour contrast — a significant contrast in colour between the foreground and the background of an element, i.e., light characters on a dark background or dark characters on a light background. Note: 70% contrast between characters and background is considered an appropriate contrast level.

Keyboard — an unencrypted alphanumeric input device with at least 26 alpha and 10 numeric keys plus a variable number of special character, control, and function keys.

Keypad — an unencrypted numeric input device with at least 10 numeric keys plus a variable number of special function keys (e.g., okay, correct, etc.).

Pinpad — an encrypted numeric input device with at least 12 and not more than 16 keys that are specifically designed for inputting secure personal identification number (PIN) information required to authorize the entry of a financial transaction.

Plain language — a style of communication that organizes information logically and uses concrete and familiar words.

Public use — self-service interactive devices that are designed to be used by the public. This definition includes devices located on public property (i.e., places where the public has a right to be) and private property (i.e., places where the public is allowed by permission).

Self-service interactive device — a device, whether electronic (including electro-mechanical) or mechanical, that requires user input and provides physical or electronic output.

Tactile markings — letters and graphics that are slightly raised above the surface.


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4 Design requirements

4.1 GeneralThe following steps shall be used to determine the design requirements for an interactive device:a) identify the functional performance requirements (see Clause 4.2);b) identify the accessibility requirements for each hardware component of the device (see Clause 5);c) identify the software accessibility requirements for electronic (including electro-mechanical)

devices (see Clause 6);d) test the design against the functional performance requirements; ande) apply the CAN/CSA-B651 requirements for the installation of interactive devices (see Clause 7).

The design requirements for an interactive device depend on its hardware components.

4.2 Functional performance

4.2.1 Functional performance of electronic devices

4.2.1.1 When visual information is integral to the use of a device, an alternative mode of operation and information retrieval shall be provided in addition to the visual mode (e.g., providing audio output so that information and instructions displayed on a screen are also conveyed in spoken form).

4.2.1.2 When visual acuity greater than 20/70 is required to use a device, at least one alternative visual or non-visual mode of operation and information retrieval shall be provided (e.g., audio or enlarged print output).

4.2.1.3 When an audio mode is used, at least one other mode shall be provided for the complete operation and information retrieval process (e.g., a visual output where a sound cue is used to confirm a task or error).

4.2.1.4 When the use of speech is required, at least one other mode shall be provided for the complete operation and information retrieval process.

4.2.1.5 Where hand controls are used, the complete operation and information retrieval process shall have at least one mode where controls are operablea) with one hand;b) without tight grasping, pinching, or twisting of the wrist;c) with a force not to exceed 22 N; andd) from a seated or standing position.

The requirement of Item (a) does not preclude several operations one after the other.

4.2.2 Functional performance of mechanical devicesMechanical devices shall meet the requirements of Clauses 4.2.1.1, 4.2.1.3, and 4.2.1.5.


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5 Hardware components

5.1 General

5.1.1 InterfaceInput devices and controls shall bea) designed to facilitate their intended use;b) located to promote ease of use;c) intuitive; andd) clearly labelled with both visual and tactile labels.

Consistency in the design of an accessible device will make learning how to use the device easier for users.

5.1.2 Height of controlsThe centreline of operating controls or input and output components shall be located 400 mm to 1200 mm from the floor.

The range identified in this Clause describes the upper and lower limits that a seated user can reach when facing a device without being obstructed. Where an object needs to be grasped and then removed from a component, the centreline of the component should be located between 400 mm and 1200 mm from the floor. This is particularly important when the characteristics of the object (e.g., weight, size, and temperature) can affect its safe retrieval. Locating components within this range also allows users to reach over obstructions up to 500 mm deep in order to grasp controls or objects.

5.1.3 BiometricsAn interactive device that incorporates biometrics shall provide a second (preferably non-biometric) identification method for its use.

5.2 Enclosure stabilityThe enclosure of a floor-mounted device shall meet the stability requirements of Annex B.

Stability is important because some people will hold on to the enclosure for support while using the device.

5.3 Displays

5.3.1 Position of monitorsMonitors shalla) be free from obstructions above or around the screen;b) be viewable from standing and seated positions;c) provide sufficient brightness to overcome ambient conditions; andd) minimize reflections.


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5.3.2 Touch screen displays

5.3.2.1 A device that incorporates a touch screen shall enable activation of audio instructions for using the device througha) touching an area on the screen that is adjacent to a tactile identifier on the bezel surround; orb) insertion of an audio jack into a receptacle adjacent to the screen.

5.3.2.2 Touch screens shalla) be usable with items such as a prosthetic limb or stylus; andb) provide audible and visible feedback to indicate that the screen has been touched.

5.4 Insertion slots

5.4.1 Slot location assistanceInsertion slots for notes, coins, or other media shall have a colour-contrasted surround or a lead-through indicator light.

5.4.2 OrientationWhen a note reader accepts notes in only one orientation, the orientation shall be identified on a tactile pictograph used to indicate the location of the reader.

Note readers that read notes in all four orientations should be used. Note readers with escrow are preferred because they hold the note until the transaction has been completed.

5.4.3 TaperingCoin and token slots shall be tapered to facilitate insertion.

5.5 Card or document readers

5.5.1 General

5.5.1.1 Readers shall provide feedback by visual and audible cues on the successful and unsuccessful reading of a card or document.

5.5.1.2 Readers shall be identified by a tactile graphic symbol thata) is easily seen and understood;b) represents the card or document in question; andc) identifies the orientation necessary for insertion of the card or document.

5.5.2 Swipe readersSwipe readers shall be able to read a card or document when it is swiped in either direction.Notes: 1) A two-headed swipe reader increases usability because the card or document can be swiped with the stripe

on either side.


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2) The more a card or document protrudes from the slot of a swipe reader, the easier it is for people with limited manual dexterity to use the reader.

3) Swipe readers should be oriented vertically.

5.5.3 Dip readersDip readers shall be able to read a card when it enters and exits the reader.Notes: 1) People with limited hand mobility can have difficulty inserting or retrieving an item from a dip reader because

greater dexterity is required for manipulation.2) Dip readers should be oriented horizontally.

5.5.4 Motorized readers

5.5.4.1 The slot of a motorized card reader shall be oriented horizontally.

5.5.4.2 The slot of a motorized reader shall be bevelled at its edges and shall havea) a high colour contrast with the surrounding area; orb) an indicator light at the slot.Notes: 1) Bevelling the edge of a reader slot increases ease of identification by tactile means and reduces the degree of

accuracy required for insertion.2) Illuminating the slot surround can be helpful.

5.5.4.3 For removal, the card shall protrude at least 25 mm from the slot and a force not greater than 22 N shall be required to withdraw the card.

5.5.5 Flatbed document scannersFlatbed document scanners that use a light source that emits light in the visible spectrum shall be positioned such that the light does not shine into the eyes of the user.

5.5.6 Bar code scannersThe effective scan area shall be discernible visually and tactilely. Successful scans shall be indicated by audio and visual feedback.Notes: 1) Contactless bar code scanners should be used.2) Omni-directional scanners with a light source that emits light in the visible spectrum should be used.

5.6 PinpadsPinpads shalla) be telephone style with the number 1 at the top left and the number 5 in the centre;b) have the number 5 marked with a raised dot that is 0.7 ± 0.1 mm high and has a diameter not less

than 0.5 mm;c) have numeric keys separated by at least 3.2 mm, measured from the edges of the keys;d) have an OK/ENTER key that is located at the bottom right of the pinpad;e) be angled from the fascia of the machine; and


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f) have a surface that minimizes glare (e.g., sandblasted aluminum or stainless steel).

The location and use of a pinpad’s function keys should be included in both the audio and visual instructions for using the device.

5.7 Keys for keypads and keyboards

5.7.1 FeedbackKey activation shall provide feedback as specified in Clause 6.2.4.

5.7.2 Key surfacesThe surface of every key shalla) have a minimum dimension of 13 mm;b) be concave or non-slip;c) be raised a minimum of 1 mm above the adjacent surface;d) have a maximum edge radius of 0.5 mm; ande) minimize glare.

5.7.3 Key characters or symbolsThe characters or symbols on keys shalla) be colour contrasted with the background by at least 70% (e.g., white characters on matte black

keys);b) be of the largest practicable size, using a broad stroke (e.g., bold text); andc) use a sans serif font (e.g., Helvetica, Swiss, Arial, or Univers).

5.8 Data entry devicesData entry devices shall comply with Annex C.

5.9 Output components

5.9.1 Output through a slot

5.9.1.1 Cash and documents (e.g., receipts) issued from a device through a slot shall protrude a distance of at least 25 mm from the surface of the slot’s front edge.

The optimum distance is 30 mm.

5.9.1.2 The force necessary for users to remove cash, receipts, and other items from a slot shall not be greater than 22 N.

5.9.2 Output to a bin or receptacleWhen tickets, receipts, and other items are dispensed into a bin or receptacle, the bin or receptacle shall be of sufficient size for users to retrieve them without the use of fine motor control.

Where a bin or receptacle is equipped with a vandal-resistant cover, the cover shall be designed to allow users unimpeded access to the items being dispensed.


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5.9.3 Printed outputPrinters in a device shalla) be able to print upper- and lower-case text;b) support a sans serif font; andc) produce text that is colour contrasted with its background (e.g., black on white).

A minimum font size of 14 points should be used or, when this is not possible due to the fixed size of a receipt, a size as close as possible to 14 points. Printers that support a variable font and receipt size should be used.

5.9.4 Headphone jackWhen a headphone is used to securely provide private information in an audible format, the jack receptacle shalla) be 3.5 mm (1/8 in) in diameter;b) have a funnel-shaped surround;c) be identified with a tactile symbol;d) allow the user to control the volume through software;e) have a maximum volume of 120 dB; andf) have a default volume set at the middle of the adjustment range. Volume shall return to the

default level when the headphone is detached or the transaction is completed.

A jack that accepts both stereophonic and monophonic headphones should be used.

5.9.5 HandsetsWhen handsets are used to provide audible information, they shalla) have a flux coil;b) have a handset cord that is at least 1000 mm long;c) allow the user to control the volume through software or a volume control switch built into the

handset;d) have a maximum volume of 120 dB; ande) have a default volume set at the middle of the adjustment range. Volume shall return to the

default level when the handset is returned to the cradle or the transaction is complete.

6 Software

6.1 GeneralSoftware applications shall be designed so that the user’s attention is directed toward completing one task at a time.

6.2 Input/control devices and input feedback

6.2.1 Accidental activationWhen an input device or control is accidentally activated, there shall be a way for the user to undo the effects of the unintended action.


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6.2.2 Adjustable timeWhere user input is required to complete a task, the time allowed for completion shall be adjustable through a question posed to the user (e.g., “Do you need more time?”).

6.2.3 Active input modesWhen more than one method of input is available, only one shall be active at a time. For example, when function keys are used to navigate the Internet, accidental clicking of the mouse shall not send an unintended command to the system.

6.2.4 FeedbackImmediate feedback shall be provided visually as well as tactilely and/or audibly to indicate that the system has received input.

Providing audible feedback is important when the control surface does not depress or move (e.g., touch screens). The volume should be at least 20 dB above the anticipated ambient level when visual and audible feedback are the primary mechanisms. When visual and tactile feedback are the primary mechanisms, the volume does not need to be greater than 20 dB above the anticipated ambient level.

6.2.5 Warning tonesThe duration and frequency of warning tones shall differ from the duration and frequency of auditory confirmation tones.

The user needs to be able to distinguish between normal confirmation tones and error/warning tones. Mid-frequency tones should be used because people with hearing loss lose the ability to detect low- and high-frequency tones.

6.2.6 Warning informationError or warning information shall repeat in a suitable manner for as long as it is relevant to the task or until the user cancels it.

6.3 Dynamic display of information

6.3.1 Font

6.3.1.1 A legible font shall be used. Script fonts and other highly stylized fonts shall be avoided. Fonts shall havea) true ascenders and descenders;b) uniform stroke width; andc) variable width, so that “i” characters are narrower than average and “m” characters are wider.Notes: 1) Fonts should be selected on the basis of font size to minimize the pixelation effect.2) Preference should be given to simple sans serif styles.

6.3.1.2 Every font shall allow users to clearly distinguish between characters such as X and K, T and Y, I and L, I and 1, O and Q, O and 0, S and 5, and U and V.


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6.3.1.3 The largest practicable font size shall be used. When technically feasible, users shall be given the option of increasing the font size.Note: 1) 14-point or larger text should be used.

6.3.2 Written text and instructions

6.3.2.1 Text shall be presented using upper- and lower-case characters.

6.3.2.2 Text shall be left-justified, with a ragged right edge to improve readability.

6.3.2.3 Instructions shalla) be written in plain language;b) use the active voice; andc) be phrased as positive commands that focus on what to do rather than what not to do.

6.3.2.4 When information is presented in a form that extends across several screens, the text shall not automatically scroll and the user shall control the pace of reading.

6.3.2.5 Abbreviations and acronyms shall be avoided, except for the names of organizations or brands.

6.3.2.6 When instructions include numbered lists, Arabic numerals shall be used (i.e., 1, 2, 3, etc.).

6.3.3 Colour contrast

6.3.3.1 Characters and their background shall be colour contrasted.Notes: 1) Colour combinations with a high contrast include white/black, yellow/black, and navy blue/matte white.

Colour combinations to avoid include yellow/grey, yellow/white, blue/green, red/green, black/violet, and red/ black.

2) The application should give the user the ability to switch between dark background/light text and light background/dark text. Dark text on a light background minimizes glare from the light source. However, light text on a dark background has been found to be easier to read for people with low vision.

6.3.3.2 Colour may be used for the coding of indicators or buttons, provided that a redundant feature such as a shape or an icon is also used.


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6.3.4 Graphics and video

6.3.4.1 Where voice output is used, audio descriptions for graphic images central to the task shall be provided.

6.3.4.2 Text characters shall not be used for drawing lines, boxes, or other graphic symbols (e.g., ASCII art).

6.3.4.3 Text captioning shall be provided for all visual multi-media output having a soundtrack. Captioning shall be closed and able to be controlled by users.

When video is used, descriptive video shall be available and able to be activated by users.

6.3.5 Audio

6.3.5.1 Insertion of a headphone jack shalla) be automatically detected in order to initiate audio instructions; andb) activate the option to blank the screen.

6.3.5.2 The audio shall have two distinguishable voices: one for instruction and the other for dynamic content.

Consideration should be given to allowing users to vary the speed of speech. Allowing users to choose a male or female voice will accommodate a greater frequency tolerance and range for users.

6.3.5.3 Abbreviated text shall be pronounced in full in audio (e.g., “ON” as “Ontario” and “e.g.” as “for example”). Numbers shall be pronounced in single-digit format (e.g., “12” as “one two”).

6.3.5.4 Software applications shall inform users of thea) locations on the machine where input is required and output is provided; andb) style of keypad or keyboard (e.g., telephone pad, numeric pad, QWERTY keyboard) when used.

6.4 User optionsUsers shall have the option of selecting the modes of displayed output at the beginning of the transaction (e.g., captioning, screen font size, background/foreground colour, and blanking of the screen).

6.5 OutputWhen audio output has been selected, the most important information on the printed output shall be read first (e.g., for an airline ticket, the gate number, flight number, seat number, and boarding time).


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7 Site installationSite installation manuals shall include instructions for installing devices in accessible sites that comply with CAN/CSA-B651. Site installation procedures shall be in accordance with the requirements of CAN/CSA-B651 fora) area allowances (Clause 3.1 of CAN/CSA-B651);b) floor and ground surfaces (Clause 3.3 of CAN/CSA-B651); andc) accessible routes (Clause 4.1.1 of CAN/CSA-B651).


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Annex A (informative)Characteristics of people with disabilitiesNote: This Annex is not a mandatory part of this Standard.

A.1 Variations in user characteristicsThe characteristics of people with disabilities vary significantly. This Annex provides an outline of the issues typically encountered by individuals with disabilities and does not constitute a comprehensive account.

For further information on user characteristics see CAN/CSA-B659, ETSI EG 202 116 V1.2.1, and ISO/TS 16071.

A.2 Issues commonly encountered by people who are blindPeople who are blind have vision that is limited to the extent that they must use a non-visual interface (auditory and/or tactile) as their means of interaction with a system. The primary issues for people who are blind are how to obtain information provided by visual presentation, how to identify and navigate among objects on screens, and how to control focus, navigation, and other functions using a keyboard.

Many people who are blind from birth learn Braille, while many who become blind later in life rely on additional auditory methods to obtain information. Many people who are blind interact with systems through screen readers, i.e., assistive software that can provide spoken or Braille information for windows, controls, menus, images, text, and other information typically displayed on a screen. Considerations for these users follow from the characteristics of interactions mediated by screen readers. To the extent that interactions depend on understanding a spatial metaphor for navigation or seeing a graphically represented object, users who are blind are more likely to encounter difficulties. In addition, because many people who are blind read screens by means of synthesized speech output, they can find it difficult or impossible to attend to auditory outputs that occur while they are reading.

A.3 Issues commonly encountered by people who have low visionPeople with low vision commonly have difficulty reading a standard screen display because of loss of visual acuity, colour perception, contrast sensitivity, and/or depth perception.

Low vision also includes limited field of view (e.g., tunnel vision), which provides only a fraction of the information presented on a standard screen. Even with the best possible correction, people with low vision often have difficulties reading ordinary text.

People who have low vision use various means of increasing the size, contrast, and overall visibility of visual displays, depending on their visual needs. Common assistive technologies include oversized monitors, large fonts, high contrast, and hardware or software magnification to enlarge portions of the display.

When interacting with systems, people with low vision might be unable to detect size coding, have difficulty with font discrimination, and have trouble locating or tracking interface objects such as pointers, cursors, drop targets, hot spots, and direct-manipulation handles.


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A.4 Issues commonly encountered by people who are deafA person who is deaf is anyone who does not perceive amplified speech, even with the use of a hearing aid. Another common definition of deafness is the inability to hear sound below 90 dB. In addition to a general inability to detect auditory information, the issues commonly faced by people who are deaf can include the inability to produce speech recognizable by voice-input systems and experience with a national language only as a second language, as sign language is often the primary language for people who are born deaf or who become deaf at an early age.

When interacting with systems, people who are deaf encounter problems when important information is presented in audio form only. The same issues can apply to people in contexts where sound is masked by background noise (e.g., a machine shop floor) or where sound is turned off or cannot be used (e.g., a library).

A.5 Issues commonly encountered by people who have hearing lossThe issues commonly faced by people who have hearing loss but who retain some functional hearing include an inability to distinguish frequency changes (as well as decreased frequency range and dropout), difficulty localizing sounds, and difficulty picking up sounds against background noise, even with the use of a hearing aid.

Some people who are deaf or hard of hearing use electronic hearing aids, depending on the nature and extent of the hearing impairment. Some use the “show sounds” feature, which notifies software to present audio information in visual form, where it is available in the operating system.

When interacting with systems, people who have hearing loss sometimes have trouble hearing sounds of certain frequencies or of low volume. Sound individualization is essential for maintaining accessibility.

A.6 Issues commonly encountered by people who have physical impairmentsA person with a physical impairment is someone whose motor functions are significantly limited. The issues commonly faced by people with physical impairments often follow from physical limitations, including poor coordination, weakness, difficulty reaching, and inability or difficulty moving a limb.

People with physical impairments sometimes use assistive technologies, and the variety of hardware and software they employ is too large to describe in detail in this Annex. Examples include eye-tracking, speech recognition, and alternative pointing devices and on-screen keyboards.

Some users can have difficulty directly manipulating objects using modifier keys or pointing devices and performing actions that require precise movement or timing. Other users can have tremors that cause difficulty in moving to a target. The extreme variation in capabilities and needs among this user population makes individualization of input parameters and timing extremely important for effective access.

A.7 Issues commonly encountered by people who have cognitive impairmentsIssues commonly encountered by people who have cognitive disabilities involve difficulties receiving, processing, and communicating information. People with cognitive disabilities can have trouble learning new things, making generalizations and associations, and expressing themselves through spoken or written language.


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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders make it difficult for a person to sit calmly and give full attention to a task, while people who have dyslexia often have difficulty both reading text presented in written form and producing written text.

Reading difficulties can be alleviated by having the text highlighted and read out loud or by providing “easy reading” versions of the texts. Users without reading difficulties also benefit from easy reading versions of written text.

Providing synthetic speech output for what is being written can aid people who have writing difficulties.

A.8 Issues commonly encountered by older peopleOlder people can be progressively limited in their ability to use and access human-system interfaces because of the visual, hearing, cognitive, and motor impairments that come with increasing age.

Sometimes the awareness of diminishing capabilities is a concern for older people, who do not want their age regarded as a disability. Therefore, built-in product accessibility features can help to remove the stigma of special aids or modifications.

A.9 Issues commonly encountered by people who have temporary disabilitiesTemporary disabilities are often of a physical nature (e.g., a broken arm). People with temporary disabilities seldom adopt efficient skills in learning to cope with their disability. It is therefore important that the accessibility features designed for temporary disabilities are easy to find and master.

Temporary disabilities can also be caused by repetitive strain caused by poor ergonomics and intensive use of a system. In this case, it is important to relieve the injury through support provided to users via the system.

A.10 Issues commonly encountered by people who have multiple disabilitiesDisabilities are not limited to a few categories; the range of accessibility needs must take into account the fact that disabilities often exist in combination. For example, an individual with a cognitive impairment might also have low vision.

Guidelines for addressing a specific disability are not always applicable to a person with multiple disabilities. For example, auditory output of written text is not a support for people who are deaf and blind. It is therefore important that support for multiple disabilities be individualized for the specific person and task.


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Annex B (normative)StabilityNotes: 1) This Annex is a mandatory part of this Standard.2) The requirements of this Annex are based on IEC 60950-1.

B.1 ScopeUnder conditions of normal use, a device shall not become physically unstable to the degree that it could become a hazard to an operator.

The requirements of this Annex shall not apply where the installation instructions for a device specify that it is to be secured to a building structure before operation.

Under conditions of normal use, a stabilizing means, when needed, shall operate automatically when drawers, doors, etc. are opened.

B.2 Tests

B.2.1 GeneralCompliance shall be determined by performing the applicable tests specified in Clauses B.2.2 to B.2.4. Each test shall be carried out separately. During the tests, the device shall hold the amount of a substance, within its rated capacity, that produces the most disadvantageous condition. All jacks, where used in normal operation, shall be placed in their most unfavourable position, with wheels, casters, etc., locked or blocked. When casters are intended only for transporting the device and the installation instructions require jacks to be lowered after installation, the jacks (not the casters) shall be used for the test and shall be placed in their most unfavourable position, consistent with reasonable levelling of the unit.

B.2.2 Tilt testA unit shall not fall over when tilted an angle of 10° from its normal upright position. Doors, drawers, etc., shall be closed during this test.

B.2.3 Tip force testA floor-standing unit having a mass of 25 kg or more shall not fall over when a force equal to 20% of the weight of the unit, but not more than 250 N, is applied in any direction except upward, at a height not exceeding 2 m from the floor. Doors, drawers, etc., that can be moved for servicing by the operator shall be placed in their most unfavourable position, consistent with the installation instructions.

B.2.4 Force-on-self testA floor-standing unit shall not fall over when a constant downward force of 800 N is applied at the point of maximum moment to any horizontal surface of at least 125 mm × 200 mm at a height not exceeding 1000 m from the floor. Doors, drawers, etc., shall be closed during this test. The 800 N force shall be applied by a suitable test tool with a flat surface of approximately 125 mm × 200 mm. The downward force shall be applied with the complete flat surface of the test tool in contact with the device under test.Note: The test tool need not be in full contact with uneven surfaces (e.g., corrugated or curved surfaces).


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Annex C (normative)Data entry devicesNote: This Annex is a mandatory part of this Standard.

C.1 ScopeThis Annex relates to data entry/input devices that are used directly. This Annex does not cover data entry/input via indirect means, such as the insertion of documents for reading (e.g., passports or cheques), nor does it cover the use of pointing devices, except as they relate to the input of data (i.e., alphanumeric characters).

Table C.1 specifies which data entry devices are acceptable for various types of tasks. Clauses C.2 and C.3 explain the terminology used in Table C.1.

C.2 Data entry device terminologyThe following data entry device terminology applies to Table C.1.

Touch screen (virtual keyboard) and membrane keys — a keyboard that is visible but not tactile. Users can see where to point to enter data, but there is no physical edge to the keys. Some membrane keyboards are completely flat, while others have a raised dome for individual keys or ridges around keys to provide tactile separation. This definition applies only to flat keyboards. (See Clause 5.3.2.)

Alpha layout — a layout in which the letters are in alphabetical sequence (A, B, C, etc.) and arranged in rows (usually two or three).

QWERTY layout — the classic layout for most Western keyboards, in which the top row begins with the letters Q, W, E, R, T, Y.

Number pad — a layout of the numbers 0 to 9, a star (*), and a pound or hash (#), arranged in three columns and four rows. The layout can be telephone style (1 to 3 in the top row) or calculator style (7 to 9 in the top row).

Physical keyboard — a keyboard activated by mechanical action. The characteristics of the keys include physical travel (the depth to which they need to be depressed), the amount of force required to depress, and a stop point.

Some physical keyboards have built-in encryption for entering personal identification numbers (PINs). When encryption is necessary, it is sometimes possible to provide only voice output feedback to the user that indicates what is displayed on the screen (e.g.,**** voiced as “star star star star”). For the parts of the transaction that do not involve PINs, numbers should be voiced as pressed. (See Clause 5.7.)

Alpha layout — a layout in which the letters are in alphabetical sequence (A, B, C, etc.) and arranged in rows (usually two or three).

QWERTY layout — the classic layout for most Western keyboards, in which the top row begins with the letters Q, W, E, R, T, Y. The QWERTY layout can include a row of function keys (e.g., F1, F2, F3).

Number pad with function keys — a layout of the numbers 0 to 9, a star (*), and a pound or hash (#), arranged in three columns and four rows. The layout is calculator style (7 to 9 in the top row). In


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addition to the 12 number keys, there can be function keys to the right (usually four keys to complete a 4 x 4 matrix). (See Clause 5.6.)

Number pad with softkeys — a layout of the numbers 0 to 9, a star (*), and a pound or hash (#), arranged in three columns and four rows. The layout is calculator style (7 to 9 in the top row). In addition to the 12 number keys, there are softkeys, which are physical keys whose function changes in accordance with what is shown on the display (e.g., a button can mean “cancel” in one part of the interaction and “accept” in another part). The function of softkeys must be explained (voiced) for users who are blind. (See Clause 5.6.)

Number pad only (no function keys) — a layout of the numbers 0 to 9, a star (*), and a pound or hash (#), arranged in three columns and four rows. The layout can be telephone style (1 to 3 in the top row) or calculator style (7 to 9 in the top row).

Pen/stylus-based input — a form of input often used for signature capture, but also used for providing input by selection of virtual or physical buttons.

Touch screen pen/stylus hybrid — a device that does not use ink pens but instead uses the position-sensing capability of the touch screen. As the user signs his or her name, the touch screen records the stylus position and renders the signature on the display. The electronically captured signature is usually then printed on a customer receipt.

Overlay pad — a device that uses ink pens and a receipt or other document placed on a pressure-sensitive panel or other means of recording. The user signs as normal and an electronic copy is captured. There is no mechanism for visual feedback other than the signature on the paper.

Navigation buttons/keys — buttons that are used to move a cursor or highlight around a screen displaying information and that allow users to select and/or activate controls.

This requirement refers to physical keys only (touch screen–based and virtual navigation keys are not excluded in this definition).

Screen navigation keys — keys (buttons) that can be a subset of a larger set of keys (buttons) and that are used for navigation. For example, a full alphanumeric keyboard might use the following buttons for navigation: “Up”, “Down”, “Left”, “Right”, “Enter”, and “Cancel (Escape)”. In this case, only these keys would be considered screen navigation keys with respect to Table C.1. Another example would be a control that has four direction buttons around an “Enter” button in the centre. Note: When voice output for non-visual users is used, the interface has to be usable without reliance on vision. For example, an interface that requires a user to choose from a table layout of columns and rows accessible only when the left-right keys or up-down keys can be used to navigate to every cell. Non-visual users will likely have difficulty using a combination of up-down and left-right keys when they cannot see the layout of the table.

EZ-Access R style (includes voice — an interaction technique that can be incorporated into electronic products. It is a registered trademark of the University of Wisconsin and can be licensed from the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (WARF). Note: For more information on EZ Access, see http://trace.wisc.edu/world/kiosks/ez/index.html.

Single-purpose buttons (direct mapping: one key = one function — interfaces that have dedicated buttons for one function, e.g., a door-entry system that has a keypad for input of a three digit code and dedicated buttons for “Call” and “Cancel”. This term does not include buttons that are softkeys, i.e.,


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http://trace.wisc.edu/world/kiosks/ez/index.html.



where the key performs only one function at a time but the function changes depending on the mode or state of the device.

Remote access (any contactless form of input/output) — interaction that is proximal but not physically connected. Users are in the vicinity of the interactive device and access its functions by providing input to and/or receiving output from the interactive device via a personal electronic device. Personal electronic devices include personal digital assistants (PDAs), cellular phones, assistive technologies, and wearable computers. Notes: 1) Remote access does not include remote linking to an interactive device from a distant location (e.g., an

adjacent room or across town) or linking to similar information via electronic communications.2) Although the method and protocol for transmission of data between the personal device and the interactive

device are not specified in Table C.1, proprietary protocols should not be used (i.e., protocols that require users to purchase a specific assistive technology to be able to use one type of manufacturer’s interactive device). Whenever possible, industry-standard protocols should be used.

3) For more information on interaction protocols that facilitate access for people with disabilities, see http:// www.ncits.org/tc_home/v2.htm.

C.3 Task descriptionsThe following task descriptions apply to Table C.1.

Financial transactions — Debit (PIN) — tasks in which the cardholder’s identification is verified using a personal identification number (PIN). The PIN (usually four digits) is entered by the user and function keys or softkeys are sometimes available for actions such as “Cancel”, “Correction”, and “OK/Enter”.

Financial transactions — Credit (signature — tasks in which the cardholder’s identification is verified using a signature that is matched to that on the back of a card. The signature may be captured non-electronically (in which case Table C.1 does not apply) or electronically (in which case Table C.1 does apply) via touch screen pen/stylus hybrids or overlay systems.

Electronic signature capture should allow for the use of template boxes, commonly used by people who are blind, and for personal stamps as a substitute for a handwritten signature, to accommodate people who are blind or are unable to physically sign their name.

Input of up to three characters — inputting three numbers (0 to 9), three characters (A to Z), or a combination of numbers and characters totalling three. This generally involves inputting codes, dialing apartment numbers in door-entry systems, or looking up the first letters of a name.

Selection of items from discrete lists — choosing from a list of separate but related items or entities (e. g., a list of train destinations or apartment numbers).

Simple form filling — filling out on-screen forms that contain only radio buttons, checkboxes, fields, and labels for fields. Each field shall have a label, and the label shall be identified visually and by speech output when used. Radio buttons and checkboxes shall have titles that describe the buttons or boxes and the value of each control shall be identified visually and by speech output when used.

Web navigation (and complex form filling) — the tasks used to move between and read Web pages or pages that are offline but behave in a similar fashion. Web pages consist of links (i.e., hyperlinks), headings, paragraphs, lists, and page titles, and navigation can include moving backward and forward, entering data in forms, and inputting Web addresses (URLs). Each element that is visually identifiable shall be available via speech output when used.


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http://www.ncits.org/tc_home/v2.htm

http://www.ncits.org/tc_home/v2.htm



“Complex” forms contain one or more of the following elements: combo boxes (i.e., drop-down lists of options), scrolling windows, pop-up calendars (or other pop-ups), slider controls, and anything else that requires user input beyond that required for simple form filling. Each control shall have a label, which shall be identified visually and by speech output when used.

Reading large blocks of text (e.g., disclaimers, email, news) — reading large blocks of text requires the use of screen-reading software. The user shall be informed of which screen-reading software is being used.

Typing large blocks of text (e.g., email) — typing large blocks of text requires the use of screen-reading software. The user shall be informed of which screen-reading software is being used. N

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Table C.1Data entry device input task requirements

(See Clauses C.1–C.3.)

Data entry device Fina

ncia

l tra

nsac

tions

— D

ebit

(PIN

)

Fina

ncia

l tra

nsac

tions

— C

redi

t (si

gnat

ure)

Inpu

t of u

p to

thre

e ch

arac

ters

Sele

ctio

n of

item

s fr

om d

iscr

ete

lists

Sim

ple

form

filli

ng

Web

nav

igat

ion

(and

com

plex

form

filli

ng)

Read

ing

larg

e bl

ocks

of t

ext (

e.g.

, dis

clai

mer

s, em

ail,

new

s)

Typi

ng la

rge

bloc

ks o

f tex

t (e.

g., e

mai

l)

Touch screen (virtual keyboard) and membrane keys

Alpha layout N/A N/A R R R R N/A X

QWERTY layout N/A N/A R R R R N/A R

Number pads R R R R N/A N/A N/A N/APhysical keyboard

Alpha layout N/A N/A A A A R X X

QWERTY layout N/A N/A A A A A A A

Number pad with function keys A A A A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Number pad with softkeys A A A A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Number pad only (no function keys) N/A N/A A* A* N/A N/A N/A N/APen/stylus-based input

Touch screen pen/stylus hybrid N/A A* R X X X N/A N/A

(Continued)


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Table C.1 (Concluded)

Data entry device Fina

ncia

l tra

nsac

tion

s —

Cre

dit (

sign

atur

e)

Inpu

t of u

p to

thre

e ch

arac

ters

Sele

ctio

n of

item

s fr

om d

iscr

ete

lists

Sim

ple

form

filli

ng

Web

nav

igat

ion

(and

com

plex

form

filli

ng)

Read

ing

larg

e bl

ocks

of t

ext (

e.g.

, dis

clai

mer

s, e

mai

l, ne

ws)

Typi

ng la

rge

bloc

ks o

f tex

t (e.

g., e

mai

l)

(PIN

)D

ebit

—

tr

ansa

ctio

ns

Fina

ncia

l

Overlay pad N/A A* N/A X X X N/A N/ANavigation buttons/keys

Screen navigation keys X X R A X X R X

EZ-access R style (includes voice) X X A A X R R XSingle-purpose buttons (direct mapping: one key = one function) X X A A X X N/A N/ARemote access (any contactless form of input/ output) R* R* R* R* R* R* R* R*

Legend:AI =I May be used as the only form of input or in combination with redundant forms of input. Shall

be used in combination with voice output.

A*I =I May be used as the only form of input or in combination with redundant forms of input. Voice output not required.

N/AI =I Not applicable.RI =I May be used only as a redundant form of input. Shall be used in combination with voice output.

R*I =I A redundant input device to an information transaction machine. Voice output is optional.XI =I Not allowed.


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Annex D (informative)ResourcesNotes: 1) This Annex is not a mandatory part of this Standard.2) All website addresses were current at the time of publication.3) The resources listed are major resource centres under each topic heading. There are thousands of resources

that can relate to the topic headings and to the items covered in this Standard. Users of this Standard are encouraged to use Internet searches to find appropriate local and national organizations, consultancy advice, educational materials, etc.

D.1 Universal design of electronic interfacesCOST 219ter (Europe)

http://www.tiresias.org/cost219ter/

COST 219ter is a European forum of organizations whose objective is to increase the accessibility of electronic devices. The forum’s objective is to extend the knowledge base for designers with respect to consumers and their requirements so that older people and people with disabilities can be accommodated by mainstream design. COST 219ter publications include a guideline on public access terminals (also known as information transaction machines or ITMs).

Human Oriented Technology Lab (HOT Lab), Carleton University, Ottawa

http://www.carleton.ca/hotlab/

The HOT Lab at Carleton University is a centre for research, education, and consulting in the area of interactive technology, with an emphasis on human-computer interaction and user-centred design. The HOT Lab is currently working on a universal design initiative.

Royal National Institute of the Blind (RNIB) — Scientific Research Unit (United Kingdom)

http://www.tiresias.org/sru.htm

The RNIB carries out research projects on low vision and blindness. The Scientific Research Unit (SRU) of the RNIB aims to influence standards and practical designs related to electronic products available to the general public. The SRU has produced many publications on universal design related to public information/transaction devices.

Trace Research and Development Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison

http://trace.wisc.edu/

The Trace Center works on ways to make standard information technologies and telecommunications systems more accessible and usable by all. The Trace Center engages in research and development related to the accessibility of people with all types, degrees, and combinations of disabilities to various technologies, including information/transaction devices.


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http://www.tiresias.org/cost219ter/

http://www.carleton.ca/hotlab/

http://www.tiresias.org/sru.htm

http://trace.wisc.edu/



D.2 Universal design of the built environment and non-electronic productsCenter for Inclusive Design and Environmental Access (the IDEA Center), University at Buffalo, New York

http://www.ap.buffalo.edu/idea/Home/index.asp

The IDEA Center is involved in research, product development, and education focusing on the creation of new resources for universal design practice. The Center also aims to build a national and international universal design community.

Center for Universal Design, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina

http://www.design.ncsu.edu/cud/

The Center for Universal Design is a national research, information, and technical assistance centre that evaluates, develops, and promotes universal design. Its work includes formulation of a seven-point list of the principles of universal design.

Centre for Accessible Environments (CAE), London, England

http://www.cae.org.uk/

CAE focuses on the built environment and is an information provider and a forum for collaborative dialogue between providers and users. Its publications include “Access to ATMs: UK design guidelines”.

Helen Hamlyn Research Centre, Royal College of Art, London, England

http://www.hhrc.rca.ac.uk/

The Helen Hamlyn Research Centre seeks to advance a socially inclusive approach to design by engaging in practical research in collaboration with industry and starting a network of interested designers, academics, and business professionals.

Universal Design Education Online (United States)

http://www.udeducation.org/

This site is a collaboration between a number of organizations and aims to support educators and students in the teaching and study of universal design. Links are provided to institutions providing opportunities for studying universal design.

D.3 Assistive technologies used by people with disabilitiesAdaptive Technology Resource Centre (ATRC), University of Toronto

http://www.utoronto.ca/atrc/

ATRC focuses on assistive/adaptive technologies. It is involved in research, development, education, proactive design consultation, and direct service.

Center for Assistive Technology and Environmental Access (CATEA), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia


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http://www.ap.buffalo.edu/idea/Home/index.asp

http://www.design.ncsu.edu/cud/

http://www.cae.org.uk/

http://www.hhrc.rca.ac.uk/

http://www.udeducation.org/

http://www.utoronto.ca/atrc/



http://www.catea.org/

CATEA develops, evaluates, and researches the uses of assistive technology and is concerned with the design and development of accessible public and private environments.

Center for Assistive Technology, University at Buffalo, New York

http://cat.buffalo.edu/

The Center for Assistive Technology aims to increase knowledge about assistive devices for persons with disabilities through research, education, the provision of services, and the dissemination of information.

D.4 Internet outreachEnableLink (Canada)

http://www.enablelink.org/

EnableLink provides information on a number of subjects relevant to accessible design (e.g., employment, education, travel, and technology). It also provides a directory of disability organizations in Canada.

Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI), World Wide Web Consortium

http://www.w3.org/WAI/

WAI produces standards, guidelines, and other resources related to Web accessibility for people with disabilities. Although its requirements concern Web access from non-public devices, many issues are applicable to Web access via public information/transaction devices. Information transaction machine (ITM) product promotion and customer service can be facilitated by adopting WAI’s accessibility standards.

D.5 Government agenciesAssistive Devices Industry Office (ADIO), Industry Canada

http://www.at-links.gc.ca/as/as001E.asp

ADIO provides a window into the Government of Canada for the assistive technology and rehabilitation engineering research sectors. ADIO works to ensure that industry portfolio programs and services are accessible to Canadians with disabilities. ADIO has produced an “Accessible Procurement Toolkit” detailing features and design principles that are to be provided to ensure accessibility and universal design.

Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act, U.S. General Services Administration (GSA)

http://www.section508.gov/

Section 508 is federal purchasing legislation related to universal design of electronic and information technology that is being adopted by many U.S. state and local governments. The GSA’s Center for Information Technology Accommodation (CITA) educates federal employees and supports Section 508 implementation. Section 508 outlines requirements relating to ITMs in the following sections: 1194.25 (“Self contained, closed products”), 1194.31 (“Functional performance criteria”), and 1194.41 (“Information, documentation, and support”).


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http://www.catea.org/

http://cat.buffalo.edu/

http://www.enablelink.org/

http://www.w3.org/WAI/

http://www.section508.gov/

http://www.at-links.gc.ca/as/as001E.asp



U.S. Access Board

http://www.access-board.gov/

The U.S. Access Board is an independent federal agency that develops accessibility requirements for the built environment, transit vehicles, telecommunications equipment, and electronic and information technology. The board maintains information relating to all relevant laws in the United States, including Section 508 (federal procurement), Section 255 (telecommunications), and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). Since 1992, the U.S. Access Board has published the “ADA Accessibility Guidelines” (ADAAG). The ADAAG have recently been updated to expand their scope from ATMs to a wider range of ITMs.


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http://www.acess-board.gov/


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Documents

B651.2-07 Accessible design for self-service interactive ... · Data entry devices í ï. Output components í ï.. Output through a slot í ï.. Output to a bin or receptacle í