Upload
julian-wade
View
216
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
BELL RINGER – 8/25
NONE TODAY
Take a few minutes and study for your QUIZ!!! Elements of Art Principles of Art
QUIZ: ELEMENTS OF ART
Circle the correct answer
Turn it into the box once complete
NO DEVICES Once your quiz is turned in you may get them
out and work silently
THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
TempoRhythmMelodyHarmonyDynamicsTimbreForm
We’ll do these later in the week
BEAT
A beat is the basic unit of time NOT an element of music, but the basic pulse Music can’t exist without it – every piece of music has a
beat!
Every beat has a downbeat and an upbeat Downbeat: the music on the beat Upbeat: the music in between the beats
Goes with tapping your foot... When your foot hits – downbeat; when your foot is up - upbeat
ELEMENT OF MUSIC: TEMPO
Tempo is how fast or slow the beats go by
In “BPM” – beats per minute 60 bpm (1 beat per second) 120 bpm (2 beats per second) Generally range from 60-240 bpm
Usually marked in Italian most composers were Italian when tempo markings were first
introduced
TEMPO – COMMON MARKINGS
Largo Very slow
Adagio Slow
Moderato Moderate speed /
Medium
Allegro Fast
Presto Very fast
There are 100s of possible tempo markings – “Briskly,” “at a walking speed,” etc.
TEMPO – WHERE IS IT? The tempo marking is always at the
START of the music, in the upper left.
If the tempo changes mid piece, the new tempo will appear where it should start, in the upper left.
The CONDUCTOR gives the tempo Conductor – how fast or slow they move
their arms lets the musicians know how fast or slow to play
TEMPO EXAMPLES
Slow Tempo: New World Symphony – Mvt. 2 Dvorak http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ENf4VEhI40
Fast Tempo: Overture to Candide Bernstein http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=422-yb8TXj8
ELEMENT OF MUSIC: RHYTHM
Rhythm is the pattern or placement of sounds in time
Duration of pitches/notes – how long or short a note is played
The organization of sound within the tempo
You can have short rhythms at a slow tempo, or long rhythms at a fast tempo… (I’ll explain this in a second.)
RHYTHM
Whole Note = 4 beats
Half Notes = 2 beats
Quarter Note = 1 beat
Eighth Note = ½ beat
= 1 beat
RHYTHM & TEMPO
A half note at tempo = 60 will sound the same as a whole note at tempo =120.
You can have long rhythms at a faster tempo...
Or short rhythms at a slower tempo...
Before you can determine the rhythms, you have to determine the tempo. Usually listening to the percussion or low voices (bass, tuba, etc.) will help
you find the beat If you can see the conductor, they provide the beat
RHYTHM EXAMPLE
Most percussion instruments ONLY play rhythm (no pitch) – here are a few examples of rhythm by itself
Blast Intermission Blast! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_XuqTipBWss
Brooms Stomp http://youtu.be/tZ7aYQtIldg?t=2m15s
TIME SIGNATURE
Time signature is NOT an element of music, but assists with tempo and rhythm.
The time signature is at the start of each instrument line
The top number lets you know how many beats are in each measure You don’t need to worry about
the bottom number – its more to do with how to play it
PITCH
Pitch is how high or low the instrument plays NOT an element of music, but the basic part of melody (which is)
Instruments without pitch: percussive instruments such as the snare drum, bass drum (can be pitched), brake drum, tambourine, jingle bells, etc. These instruments do NOT produce melody – they are rhythmic
ONLY
HOW TO READ PITCH
Treble Clef: HIGHER pitches
Bass Clef: LOWER pitches
There are other clefs – but these are the two most common ones.
ELEMENT OF MUSIC: MELODY
Melody is a succession of notes heard as some sort of unit
The combination of pitch and rhythm
The memorable tune What you sing in your head after you’ve heard a new piece; what
you hum down the hallways
WORDS TO DESCRIBE MELODY
Smooth, connected
Song-like
Aggressive
Accented
Hard-hitting
You can describe melody based on what it sounds like, or how it makes you feel.
WHEN DESCRIBING MELODY
Talk about WHICH INSTRUMENT is performing the melody
“I hear the melody in the trumpets...”
“The flute melody is very sincere...”
MELODY EXAMPLES
Nutcracker Suite – 3 “Sugar Plum Fairy” Tchaikovsky http://youtu.be/Ow4t3C_gCCY?t=15s
The Ride of the Valkyrie Wagner http://youtu.be/VCmgUDSlAyA?t=35s
ACTIVITY: PRACTICE THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
TABLET: m.socrative.com Room: 38178 NO TABLET: piece of notebook paper
Tempo, Rhythm, and Melody are three large concepts. Let’s throw in time signature too
Let’s spend some time exploring them We need to be able to recognize them aurally and on paper
TEMPO ON PAPER – WHAT IS THE TEMPO?
2.
A. JupiterB. Allegro VivaceC. C MajorD. F
3.
A. AdaigoB. PianoC. Symphonie No.
5D. Antonio Dvorak
TEMPO ON PAPER – WHAT IS THE TEMPO?
4.
5.
A. PreoccupationB. 3/4C. Ernster GangD. Largo
A. AllegrettoB. PrimoC. CanzonaD. Aus der Oper
TEMPO PRACTICE: LISTENING
Listen to the example. Would you define it as “adagio,” “moderato,” or “presto?”
6. Mozart's Turkish March A. Adagio B. Moderato C. Presto
7. Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata A. Adagio B. Moderato C. Presto
8. Bach's Jesu of Man's Desiring A. Adagio B. Moderato C. Presto
TEMPO PRACTICE: LISTENING
Listen to the example. Would you define it as “adagio,” “moderato,” or “presto?”
9. Back to the Future A. Adagio B. Moderato C. Presto
10. Jurassic Park A. Adagio B. Moderato C. Presto
11. The Dark Knight A. Adagio B. Moderato C. Presto
RHYTHM PRACTICE – ON THE PAGE
Look at the piece of to the right.
12. Which line has the fastest rhythms? (Remember that BLACK NOTES and STEMS = faster)
A. Cantos B. Altos C. Tenor D. Bassos
RHYTHM PRACTICE – ON THE PAGE
Look at the piece of to the right.
13. Which 2 lines have the same rhythm? A. Fl. 1 & Cl. 1 B. Cl. 2 & Cl. 3 C. Bsn. 1 & Fl. 1 D. B. Cl & Cl. 2
RHYTHM PRACTICE - LISTENING
Which voice is playing the more complex rhythms at the beginning?
14. Liszt’s Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 A. Strings B. Percussion C. Brass
15. Wood’s Mannin Veen A. Strings B. Trumpets C. Clarinets
16. Holst’s Second Suite A. Flute B. Trumpets C. Saxophones
MELODY – LISTENING
Listen to the example. Which instrument is playing the melody?
17. Armstrong’s Savoy Blues A. Banjo B. Trumpet C. Piano
18. Whitacre’s October A. Oboe B. Xylophone C. Tuba
19. William’s Raider’s March A. Trumpet B. Flute C. Violin
MELODY – LISTENING
Listen to the example. Which instrument is playing the melody?
20. Grieg’s Morning from Peer Gynt A. Saxophone B. Trombone C. Flute
21. Goodman’s Sing Sing Sing A. Percussion B. Piano C. Saxophone
22. Newman’s Friend In Me A. Piano B. Tuba C. Voice