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Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Digestive SystemAnatomy and Physiology Flash Cards
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Directions
• The first slide asks a question.
• The second slide answers the question.
• Use these slides like flash cards to test your core knowledge.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• In your own words, define digestion.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
• Digestion is the breaking down of food into its simplest elements.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• The gastrointestinal canal is made up of what six organs?
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
1. Mouth
2. Pharynx
3. Esophagus
4. Stomach
5. Small intestine
6. Large intestine
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• The gastrointestinal canal is also known as the ______.
a. Alimentary canal
b. Large intestine
c. Small intestine
d. Tubular canal
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Alimentary canalb. Large intestine
c. Small intestine
d. Tubular canal
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• Name three accessory organs of the gastrointestinal canal:
1. ______
2. ______
3. ______
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
1. Liver
2. Gallbladder
3. Pancreas
4. Teeth
5. Tongue
6. Salivary glands
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• List four of the six activities involved in the processing of food:
Answer 1. Ingestion—the taking in of food.
2. Propulsion—the movement of food through the
alimentary canal.
3. Mechanical digestion—physically prepares food for digestion.
4. Chemical digestion—Enzymes breakdown food (catabolism). Starts in the mouth and is more or less completed in the small intestine.
5. Absorption—passage of digested molecules from the GI tract to the blood and lymph.
6. Defecation—elimination of indigestible food.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• The act of chewing is considered ______.
a. Ingestion
b. Mechanical digestion
c. Defecation
d. Propulsion
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Ingestion
b. Mechanical digestionc. Defecation
d. Propulsion
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• Mastication is ______.a. Swallowing
b. Chewing
c. The absorption of food.
d. The movement of food.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Swallowing
b. Chewingc. The absorption of food.
d. The movement of food.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• ______ is saliva and food mixed together.
a. A bolus
b. A papillae
c. Chyme
d. A feces
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. A bolusb. A papillae
c. Chyme
d. A feces
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• The ______ is considered the soft food tube, connecting the laryngopharynx to the stomach.
a. Trachea
b. Papillae
c. Pharynx
d. Esophagus
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Trachea
b. Papillae
c. Pharynx
d. Esophagus
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• The alimentary wall consists of four layers which include; the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and ______.
a. Pharynx
b. Epithelial interna
c. Serosa
d. Mucosa glandular
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Pharynx
b. Epithelial interna
c. Serosad. Mucosa glandular
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• ______ sphincter empties the contents from the esophagus to the stomach.
a. Pyloric
b. Ileocecal
c. Stomach
d. Cardiac
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Pyloric
b. Ileocecal
c. Stomach
d. Cardiac
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• The majority of the breakdown of proteins occurs in the:
a. Stomach
b. Small intestine
c. Large intestine
d. Liver
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Stomachb. Small intestine
c. Large intestine
d. Liver
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• The stomach turns the bolus into this liquid:
a. Plasma
b. Interstitial fluid
c. Chyme
d. Extracellular fluid
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Plasma
b. Interstitial fluid
c. Chymed. Extracellular fluid
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• The ______ opens to allow the stomach contents into the small intestine.
a. Esophogeal sphincter
b. Ileocecal valve
c. Cardiac sphincter
d. Pyloric sphincter
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Esophogeal sphincter
b. Ileocecal valve
c. Cardiac sphincter
d. Pyloric sphincter
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• Between 80% and 90 % of food absorption takes place in the ______.
a. Stomach
b. Small intestine
c. Large intestine
d. Esophagus
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Stomach
b. Small intestinec. Large intestine
d. Esophagus
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• What is the storage device for bile? a. Gallbladder
b. Liver
c. Stomach
d. Small intestine
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Gallbladderb. Liver
c. Stomach
d. Small intestine
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• Bile is used for ______.a. The breakdown of proteins.
b. The breakdown of fats.
c. The breakdown of carbohydrates.
d. All of the above.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. The breakdown of proteins.
b. The breakdown of fats.c. The breakdown of carbohydrates.
d. All of the above.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• The wave-like motion that propels food along the GI tract is ______.
a. Peristalsis
b. Pulse
c. Digestion
d. Mastication
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Peristalsisb. Pulse
c. Digestion
d. Mastication
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• The finger‑like projections within the small intestines is called the ______. Their function is to increase the surface area of the small intestine and to absorb nutrients.
a. Tongueb. Papillaec. Villid. Duodenum
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Tongue
b. Papillae
c. Villid. Duodenum
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• The last section of the small intestine, which opens to the large intestine, is known as the:
a. Jejunum
b. Ileum
c. Pyloric
d. Cecum
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Jejunum
b. Ileumc. Pyloric
d. Cecum
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• The valve that allows chyme to pass from the small to the large intestine is the ______.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
Ileocecal valve
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• As food passes through the GI tract, it is formed into a bolus, then transforms into chyme, and within the large intestine the chyme is transformed into ______.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
Feces• The large intestine reabsorbs much of
the water that is found within the chyme.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• Put the structures of the large intestine in the correct order, ending with structures that eliminate wastes.• Ascending colon• Decending colon• Transverse colon• Sigmoid colon• Rectum• Anal canal• Cecum
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
• Cecum• Ascending colon• Transverse colon• Decending colon• Sigmoid colon• Rectum• Anal canal