Ashton Energy Statement Rev P2 - Tamesideplandocs.tameside.gov.uk/anitepublicdocs/00220341.pdf · interchange \Reports \Energy Statement \Ashton Energy Statement Rev ... with CIBSE

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Tameside Interchange

Energy Statement

348124-ME-SP-00-XX-6001

July 2015


348124 BNI WTD 0 A

P:\Birmingham\BNI\355026 TfgM Ashton Bus interchange\Reports\Energy Statement\Ashton Energy Statement Rev

01 June 15

Ashton Bus Interchange

Energy Statement

Tameside Bus Interchange

Energy Statement

July 2015

Mott MacDonald, 35 Newhall Street, Birmingham, B3 3PU, United Kingdom

T +44 (0)121 234 1500 F +44 (0)121 200 3295 W www.mottmac.com


P:\Birmingham\BNI\355026 TfgM Ashton Bus interchange\Reports\Energy Statement\Ashton Energy Statement Rev P2.docx

Ashton Bus Interchange Energy Statement

Revision Date Originator Checker Approver Description

P1 P2

28/07/2015 18/09/2015

J. Fahy L. Thomas

J. Musson J. Musson

R. Fry R. Fry

Energy Statement

Issue and revision record

Information class: Standard

This document is issued for the party which commissioned it and for specific purposes connected with the above-captioned project only. It should not be relied upon by any other party or used for any other purpose.

We accept no responsibility for the consequences of this document being relied upon by any other party, or being used for any other purpose, or containing any error or omission which is due to an error or omission in data supplied to us by other parties.

This document contains confidential information and proprietary intellectual property. It should not be shown to other parties without consent from us and from the party which commissioned it.




Chapter Title Page

1 Executive Summary 2

2 Introduction 4

3 Building Compliance Requirements 6

3.1 Planning Policy _____________________________________________________________________ 6 3.2 Building Regulations _________________________________________________________________ 6 3.3 Client Aspirations ___________________________________________________________________ 6

Carbon Reduction 7

4 Energy & Carbon Reduction 7

4.1 Energy Hierarchy ___________________________________________________________________ 7 4.2 Passive Design (Be lean) _____________________________________________________________ 8 4.3 Efficient Design (Be Clean) ___________________________________________________________ 9 4.4 Low & Zero Carbon (LZC) Technologies (Be Green) ________________________________________ 9

5 Renewable Energy Technologies 10

5.1 Wind Turbines ____________________________________________________________________ 10 5.2 Solar Thermal Hot Water ____________________________________________________________ 10 5.3 Ground Source Heating and Cooling ___________________________________________________ 11 5.4 Air Source Heat Pumps (ASHP) _______________________________________________________ 11 5.5 Photovoltaic (PV) Panels ____________________________________________________________ 11 5.6 District Heating ____________________________________________________________________ 13

6 Proposed LZC Solution 14

Contents



1



2

This report details the minimum measures required to ensure compliance with Part L2A of the building

regulations, at a pre-design stage.

There is no planning policy which requires on-site generation or a reduction in carbon emissions, however

a commitment must be shown from designers that carbon output from the new development is to be

minimised as much as is practicable

There is no BREEAM target or TfgM sustainability requirement.

The contractor shall be responsible for completing the actual design stage compliance calculation and

BRUKL submission. The contractor will also be responsible for gathering the necessary actual data for

providing the construction stage Energy Performance Certificate (EPC).

The development shall comply with the building regulations approved document part L2A 2013.

From initial early stage calculations whilst maximising thermal performance of the fabric, limiting air

leakage and utilising efficient plant and equipment, additional Low and Zero Carbon (LZC) technologies will

be necessary to ensure a Pass.

The development will pass if the following are adopted:

• Improved u values, over the minimum required for Part L2A compliance

• Reduced air leakage below the minimum required for Part L2A compliance

• Improved lighting efficacy, above the minimum required for Part L2A compliance i.e. above the

Non-domestic services compliance guide 2013 minimum requirements.

• Energy metering to allow measurement and benchmarking to enable 90% of the electrical usage to

be monitored.

• Effective use of lighting controls to switch off lighting when not required

• Effective use of temperature, occupancy and time clock controls to ensure Heating, Ventilation and

Air conditioning is switched off or “on demand”.

• Improved Specific Fan Powers (SFP) below the Non-domestic services compliance guide 2013

• Improved Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) above the Non-domestic services compliance

guide 2013.

• The provision of LZC technologies to achieve a Pass with 195m2 of Photovoltaic Panels

(approximate area, subject to detailed design stage calculation and final selection).

There is an additional unregulated energy usage which does not form part of the building regulations; the

following measures will be adopted to limit unregulated energy usage:

1 Executive Summary



3

• Effective natural ventilation of the concourse area via automatic openable roof lights to limit the

internal temperature during the summer months to prevent retrofitting fans or cooling.

• Utilising solar control glass to the concourse area to limit the internal temperature during the

summer months to prevent retrofitting fans or cooling.

• Lighting to roads, signage and remote bus stands and pedestrian areas to be efficient with daylight

and time clock controls.

• Lighting to the concourse area (top and side lit) to take full advantage of daylight by reducing the

electrical lighting.

During the design stage the contractor shall:

• Submit a Part L2A compliance report demonstrating the BER is below the TER

• The PV provision allowed during tender shall not be reduced during design stage.

During the construction stage the contractor shall:

• Obtain actual U value and fabric performance calculations from the Architect

• Provide a certificate or declaration stating how excessive thermal bridging has been limited and

submit relevant details to building control or provide an infra-red thermography inspection report.

• Carry out air leakage tests and demonstrate the design stage air leakage permeability has been

achieved.

• Provide evidence that plant and equipment efficiencies comply with the values put into the

construction stage BRUKL output document.

• Submit a Part L2A compliance report demonstrating the BER is below the TER

• Submit confirmation all pipework and ductwork has been insulated to the minimum required

standards.

• Submit written confirmation that automatic controls have been tested and time schedules set up

and fully witnessed ensuring they meet design stage requirements.

• Submit confirmation that all M&E services have been commissioned in accordance with CIBSE

commissioning code M and list the systems.

• Provide a building log book in accordance with CIBSE TM31 with energy benchmarks and

electrical meter locations.

• Provide O&M Manuals and record drawings.

• Issue the EPC



4

The site is located in an urban area in Ashton under Lyne in Greater Manchester, the bus station is

situated on Wellington Road and adjoins the Arcades Shopping Centre. The bus station is run by Transport

for Greater Manchester. The Manchester Metrolink tram station is located alongside the bus station.

Ashton-under-Lyne railway station is a short walk away. The existing bus station was opened in 1994 and

will be demolished as part of these works.

The proposed new bus interchange consists of external bus stands, roadways and the main building of

approximately 1600m2 (GIA) with an unheated concourse area and heated internal service pods.

One pod houses a retail unit and cleaning facilities on a single floor. The second larger two storey pod

provides a ticket office, office and staff welfare accommodation.

2 Introduction



5

The service pod buildings are all internal spaces, these will be fully mechanically ventilated with a three

pipe heat recovery VRV (DX) heating and cooling system to serve office and welfare areas. The toilet

facilities and smaller transient spaces shall be heated by electric panel heaters and duct mounted electric

heaters. There will be no gas fired boiler plant or a wet heating system.

This reports details the commitment by the development to saving energy and the range of on-site

renewable energy sources have been assessed for suitability for this project. These LZC technologies

include:

• Small wind turbines

• Solar thermal hot water

• Ground source heat pump

• Air source heat pump

• PV panels

• District heating

The building will be subject to Dynamic Simulation Modelling (DSM) using IES Virtual Environment

software, 2015 version. The BRUKL submission will be submitted during the detailed design stage by the

design and build contractor.



6

3.1 Planning Policy

We have been advised there is no requirement by Tameside Planning Department for on-site generation

from renewable energy or carbon emission reductions beyond building regulation requirements.

However, Policy U5 states the council will encourage all developments to incorporate energy efficiency

within the proposal, so far as appropriate, and will permit developments which include measures to

improve or promote energy efficiency, as a means of both conserving resources and contributing to the

reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, subject to assessment of any possible local impact.

3.2 Building Regulations

As the building is greater than 50m2 (heated volume), a BRUKL submission report will be required, which

calculates the carbon dioxide emissions for the building. The BRUKL shall demonstrate compliance with

Building Regulations Part L2A 2013.

The National Calculation Method for the EPBD (Energy Performance of Buildings Directive) is defined by

the Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG). The procedure for demonstrating

compliance with the Building Regulations for buildings other than dwellings is by calculating the annual

energy use for a proposed building and comparing it with the energy use of a comparable 'notional'

building. Both calculations make use of standard sets of data for different activity areas and call on

common databases of construction and service elements. A similar process is used to produce an 'asset

rating' in accordance with the EPBD i.e. within the EPC. The NCM therefore comprises the underlying

method plus the standard data sets.

The NCM allows the calculation to be carried out either by approved simulation software or by a new

simplified tool based on a set of CEN standards. That tool has been developed for DCLG by BRE and is

called SBEM - Simplified Building Energy Model. It is accompanied by a basic user interface - iSBEM.

The carbon emissions stated with the BRUKL output document should not be confused with the actual

building carbon emissions and energy usage which include unregulated power usage from external

lighting, ICT power usage, lifts, small power loads, actual occupancy usage patterns, etc.

3.3 Client Aspirations

Transport for greater Manchester utilises a sustainability toolkit. There is currently no requirement for

further reductions of carbon emissions below building regulation or planning policy requirements.

3 Building Compliance Requirements



7

4.1 Energy Hierarchy

The energy Hierarchy gives us the order of importance for design considerations:

1. Be Lean- Passive design for lower energy consumption.

2. Be Clean- Use energy efficient plant & controls.

3. Be Green- Use renewable sources of energy.

The hierarchy underlines designing for lowered energy consumption through thermal insulation etc. which

is the most important consideration. Once energy consumption has been reduced as far as reasonable,

then clean and green technologies may be considered and employed, where practicable.

Considerations made during this design process will be explained under these criteria.

Carbon Reduction 4 Energy & Carbon Reduction



8

4.2 Passive Design (Be lean)

The passive design measures proposed will reduce the energy consumption of the building, and exceed the energy standards outlined in Part L2A 2013 (meet notion building values). This will be achieved by limiting heat loss through the roof, walls, floors, windows and doors by suitable means of thermal insulation to exceed the minimum U value requirements of the Building Regulations. “Be Lean” measures to be employed are:

Proposed U Values

Construction Element U Value (Wm-2K)

Roof 0.18

Wall 0.26

Floor 0.22

Windows 1.60

Proposed Air permeability

Air Leakage m3hr-1 at 50Pa

Greater than 250m2 and less than 3500m2 3.0

Note all heated areas of the building are to be subject to an air leakage test.

Proposed solar G value

Element G value

Windows to Concourse 0.4

Roof lights within concourse 0.4

Other measures include:

• Avoidance of excessive thermal bridging between building elements and the exterior environment,

through use of appropriate design details and fixings.



9

4.3 Efficient Design (Be Clean)

The following “Be Clean” measures to be employed are:

• Selection of highly efficient plant and equipment.

• Correct use of automatic controls with time and temperature adjustment.

• Outlining the commissioning to be undertaken by the contractor upon installation completion, to

allow the design to operate properly.

• Effective control of the lighting systems to achieve the required lighting levels through:

1. Use of energy efficient lamps and luminaries.

2. Suitable energy consumption metering.

3. Appropriate commissioning.

4. Suitable manual/automatic switching.

5. Use of daylight dimming and/or presence detection where possible/practical.

Proposed Plant Efficiency values (see Non Domestic Building Services Compliance guide)

Plant or Equipment Value

AHU SFP 1.9 W/l/s max

AHU Heat recovery (dry) 75% (65% min)

Packaged 3 pipe heat recover VRV system 6.37 SEER

3.74 EER

Direct Electric space Heating meet table 24 requirements

Electric heated centralised HWS meet table 30 requirements

Local electric heated HWS meet table 30 requirements

Office Lighting (LED) 70 lumens per circuit watt (60 min)

Toilet Lighting (LED) 70 lumens per circuit watt (60 min)

Stair Lighting (LED) 70 lumens per circuit watt (60 min)

External lighting All LED lamps

4.4 Low & Zero Carbon (LZC) Technologies (Be Green)

The quantity of LZC will be subject to IES DSM modelling to meet Building Regulation requirements.



10

The renewable energy sources relevant to this project have been selected to suit the energy consumption

profile, and the form of the building. Considerations to be made when reviewing possible renewables for

this project include:

• Other premises that may be affected by installation of renewables.

• Form of the building.

• Aesthetics.

• Budget limitations.

• Simple Payback.

• Return on energy invested.

5.1 Wind Turbines

It can be demonstrated that limited energy production using small scale wind turbines will not be possible

at this location as wind speeds are not likely to be such that turbines operate at full capacity for a

significant period of time each year (see below). Turbulent flow around structures adjacent to the project

could also adversely affect performance. These can be unsightly and noisy. There is a possibility that the

development land will become residential class C3 usage. The combination of these factors means that

wind turbines have been discounted for this project.

This table shows wind speed for the location of the bus interchange, each square representing a 1xm by 1km area.

5.2 Solar Thermal Hot Water

This would require a pre heat and storage calorifier, pipework, pumps and roof collectors using evaporated

tubes etc. There would be maintenance required to ensure correct operation and pumping between the

pods.

The predicted hot water usage would be low and probably peak early during the morning or evening

commute.

5 Renewable Energy Technologies



11

This technology has been discounted due to offering limited savings.

5.3 Ground Source Heating and Cooling

The heated volume of the building is a highly insulated box with no windows. The ventilation may at times

require additional heating but high efficiency heat recovery is provided and it is an advantage to supply

fresh air ducted to the spaces slightly cooler than the desired room temperature. Therefore there is a year

round cooling load with limited heating load.

It would be difficult to balance the heating with the cooling requirement to prevent over heating the ground

which would lead to reduced energy savings over time.

There is also a significant capital cost and running cost from open or closed loop systems which offer a

poor return on carbon reduction for money invested.

5.4 Air Source Heat Pumps (ASHP)

This system offers a higher Coefficient of Performance (CoP) when compared to DX refrigerant systems.

The ASHP would generate Low Temperature Hot Water (LTHW) at around 45°C and could be reverse

cycled in the summer to provide Chilled Water (CHW) at around 5°C. The building would need to have a

low grade heat sink which is often used for underfloor heating or at Air Handling Units.

With this system the unit can’t provide simultaneous heating and cooling so additional cooling plant would

be required.

This technology has been discounted as there is limited benefit and no means to transfer heat from areas

requiring year round cooling, such as the comms rooms, to rooms with a heating requirement such as the

ticket office. The proposed three pipe VRV heat recovery system allows heat recovery which is highly

beneficial over this technology.

5.5 Photovoltaic (PV) Panels

The large canopy at Tameside Bus interchange presents a good opportunity to utilise PV panels for on-site

generation and send a clear sustainability message to the local community.

The flat roof offers plenty of space and easy access to PV panels. PV panels require limited maintenance

and have a long working lifetime.

Below is a 3D image of the Proposed Bus Interchange at Tameside with the proposed PV panels on the

canopy roof.



12

Solar photovoltaic panels convert solar radiation into electrical energy through semiconductor cells. They are not to be confused with solar panels which use the sun’s energy to heat water (or air) for water and space heating.

Photovoltaic panels are available in a number of forms including mono-crystalline, polycrystalline, amorphous silicon (thin film) or hybrid panels. They are fixed or integrated into a building’s un-shaded south facing façade or pitched roof ideally at an incline of 30º to the horizontal for maximum energy yield, see table below. It is essential that the panels remain un-shaded, as even a small shadow can significantly reduce output. The individual modules are connected to an inverter to convert their direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) which is usable in buildings.



13

There are a number of types of PV cell, including:

Monocrystalline Silicon Cells: These are made using cells saw–cut from a single cylindrical crystal of silicon. The principle advantage of mono-crystalline cells is their high efficiency, typically around 15%, although the manufacturing process required to produce mono-crystalline silicon is complicated, resulting

in slightly higher costs than other competing technologies. Polycrystalline Silicon Cells: These are made from cells cut from an ingot of melted and recrystallized silicon. In the manufacturing process, molten silicon is cast into ingots of polycrystalline silicon. The ingots are then saw-cut into very thin wafers and assembled into complete cells giving a granular textured finish. Polycrystalline cells are cheaper to produce than mono-crystalline types, due to the simpler manufacturing process but tend to be slightly less efficient, with average efficiencies of circa 12%.

Proposed PV installation

PV installation Value

Area of PV panel 195m2

Location Flat roof

Tilt 10 degree

Orientation South

Type mono-crystalline

Peak Output 24 kW

Annual Energy Saving tbc

A particular advantage of solar PV, even over other types of LZC technology, is that running costs are very low (requires no fossil fuel for operation) and, since there are no moving parts, limited maintenance is required. The building always has an electrical load within the internal spaces, during the year, 7 days a week. The electrical energy should be utilised without having to export to the grid. This technology is suitable for this project.

5.6 District Heating

There is no district heating network in the vicinity, so this has been discounted.



14

The proposed technology to be taken forward by the design team, to achieve a pass under Part L2A 2013

of the Building Regulations, is photovoltaic panels.

PV benefits from the following advantages:

• Simple and largely maintenance free zero carbon technology

• Visible commitment to CO2 reduction

• Good usage of the energy generated on-site

• The Feed In Tariff offers an additional financial incentive which allows reduced pay back periods

• The PV cell carbon generation against the embedded carbon has considerably improved

• The capital cost of installations has also considerably reduced

We propose that Monocrystalline cells are utilised.

6 Proposed LZC Solution

Documents

Ashton Energy Statement Rev P2 - Tamesideplandocs.tameside.gov.uk/anitepublicdocs/00220341.pdf · interchange \Reports \Energy Statement \Ashton Energy Statement Rev ... with CIBSE