Arts for upsc

8/12/2019 Arts for upsc

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Different schools of art compared

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Mughal Pahari Rajasthani/Rajput Madhubani/Mithila Manjusha/Angika Tanjore

Origin Earlier Persian blend.

Became Indian under Akbar.

Originated in the

sub-Himalayan kingdoms of

19thcentury.

Early 16thcentury. Various

sub-schools existed

Done traditionally by the

womenin the villages near

the town of Madhubani. It

originated as floor and wall

paintings.

Essentially a folk tradition

17thcentury under the

patronage of Tanjores

Maratha rulers

Type Mostly in miniature form Mostly done in miniature

form

Themes Document of life at the

Mughal court, battles, hunt,

arrival of embassies,

festivities

Portrait paintings

developed under Jahangir

Love of man for woman.

Symbolised by Krishna and

Radha

Strongly influenced by the

contemporary literary and

musical forms, and draw

upon their motifs

Nature and Hindu religious

motifs

Usually portrayed deities.

Vishnu,Shiva and Krishna

Exceptional Point Was originally practiced by

Brahmins and Kayasthas.Later SC women also adopted

it. But the themes of the two

are different. While higher

castes depicted mythological

themes, SCs experimented

with day-to-day scenes.

Characteristics Realism is the keynote of

this style

Artists had made contacts

with Western art. Influence

can be seen.

Bold and intense Basohli

Delicate and lyrical; Tones

subdued and lines

exquisitely fine - Kangra

Decorate in their

composition and colour

scheme

Landscape lacks the

naturalism of the Mughal

school

Two dimensional imagery.

Colors derived from plants.

No space is left empty. Gaps

are filled by painting flowers,

plants animals and even

geometric shapes.

Snakes are a prominent

feature

Artists adhered strictly to

iconography as these

paintings were made for

ritual and worship and not

for display as is mostly the

case today.

Technique Used wider canvas Traditionally done as murals

on mud walls. Now is also

done one cloth, paper and

canvas

Made on jackwood pasted

with unbleached cloth to

which a mixture of

limestone, chalk powder,

gum and honey are applied

in layers on a sketch of the

icon. Extra coats given to


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raise some parts of the

painting. Jewellery etc are

put.

Major Artists Basawan, Daswanth,

Kesudasa, Mansur

Jagdamba Devi, Mahasundari

Devi

Major Works Akbarnama illustrations;

rare birds and animals

Falcon (CS Museum,

Bombay), Red Blossoms floral painting

Jodhpur and Nagaur

paintings.

Major schools Basohli, Guler, Kangra Malwa, Mewar (Ragamala

paintings), Marwar,

Kishangarh, Jaipur, Bundi,

Kotah

Bharni style, Kachni style

Patrons Akbar, Jahangir Raja Kripal Singh (Bahsoli) Sarabhiji 2, Shivaji 2,

Mummadi Krishnaraja

Wodeyar

Rajasthani Art Schools

Mewar (Ragamala)

themes from the life of Krishna and his frolic with the gopis; heroes and heroines of Hindi poetry.

Scenes from Bhagvata and Ramayana

Landscape lacks the naturalism of the Mughal school

Marwar

Genuine Rajput style evolved under this school

Equestrian portraits of the royal house and the nobility.

Show bold types of expression with broad, fish eyes in human faces

This school is essentially Hindu

Jaipur

Raslila was painted. It became an earthly erotic amusement

Manjusha Art

Manjushas are temple shaped boxes containing eight pillars

The boxes often contain the paintings of gods, goddesses and other characters

The boxes are used in Bishahari Puja


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This is practiced in the Bhagalpur region of Bihar


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Handicrafts

Channapatna toys

Wooden toys from Karnataka

Nirmal Toys

Wooden toys made in the town of Nirmal in Adilabad district

Tanjore doll

Bobblehead made of terracotta

Sandpainting

Kolam

Drawn using rice powder by female members in front of their home

Mainly in South India

Rangoli

North India. Using sand colors, flour or flowers

Other fine arts

Mehandi

Pichhwai

Intricate paintings that portray Lord Krishna

Exist in the town of nathdwara in Rajasthan

Tarakashi

A type of metalwork from Cuttack

Indian Art Awards

Kalaimamani

By Tamil Nadu Iyal Isai Nataka Manram

Kalidas Samman

Presented by the MP govt

Sangeet Natak Akademi Award


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Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship

Shilp Guru

By GOI to a master craftsperson. Started in 2002.

Tulsi Samman

By MP govt. In fields of art, theatre, dance and music.

Varnashilpi Venkatappa Award

By Karnataka govt for excellence in painting


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Documents

Arts for upsc