Arta Sieneza Secolul Al XIV Lea

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    UNIVERSITATEA ALEXANDRU IOAN CUZA IAI

    FACULTATEA DE ISTORIE

    ISTORIA ARTEI EUROPENE

    STUDENT: COCEA-LIONESCU TEFAN

    ANUL: IIIGRUPA: H312

  • 7/25/2019 Arta Sieneza Secolul Al XIV Lea

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    Arta !"#"$% !# "&'()( a( XIV-("a

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    a#t"r!'r a( art"! !ta(!"#"6 Pr!)( "t" (a A!! ! r"*% &"#" *!# +!ata S.#t)()! Fra#&!& !ar a(

    *'!("a a .'t 0!&tat (a Pa*'+a6 S" a.(% /# &a0"(a S&r'+"#! ! r"0r"$!#t% &"#" 4r!t'+'!&"6A#a5()r!(" )#t &'0)" &) &(ar!tat"7 a) '#)"#ta(!tat"7 "90r!% "#t!"#t" 0)r '"#"t! !

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    5!$a#t!#"6 Arta ()! G!'tt' 0r"%t"t" a0ar!!a /# ()"a 0!&t)r!! a art"! !"#"$"6

    1 Viktor Lazarev, Originile Renaterii Italiene Trecento, Vol 1, Editura Meridiane,

    Bucureti, 1984, p. 10.

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    Ibidem, p. !1.

    4 %o&'ric( Ern)t *an), Istoria Artei, Editura, +ro Editura )i Tipo#rae, Bucureti,

    !00$, p. !1!.

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    - Manole "ea#oe, Op. cit, p. !4.

    Ibidem, p. .

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    $ Ibidem, p. 4$.

    8 /red Berence, Renaterea Italian, Vol 1, Editura Meridiane, Bucureti, 199, p.

    18.

    9 Ibidem, p. 18.

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    Bibliografie

    8"r"#&" Fr"*7Rena&terea )talian7 V'( 17 E*!t)ra ,"r!*!a#"7 8)&)r"t!7

    16 G'5r!&4 Er#t Ha#7)storia Artei7 E*!t)ra Pr' E*!t)ra ! T!0'ra.!"7

    8)&)r"t!7 2??6 La$ar"+ V!Mt'r7 *riginile Rena&terii )taliene Tr"&"#t'7 V'( 17 E*!t)ra

    ,"r!*!a#"7 8)&)r"t!7 1@6 N"a'" ,a#'("7 +coala iene-7 E*!t)ra ,"r!*!a#"7 8)&)r"t!7 16

    Surse Web

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    Q2?Rt"9tra'#aa#!!!a#!tr"&"#t'60*. 1?6?162?1 4tt0:6ra.'!"&6&'4'55arta-&)(t)raI#&"0)t)r!("-R"#at"r!!-!#-Ita(6040

    1?6?162?1 4tt0:6('5!6r'!"#a 1?6?162?1 4tt0:6&r!5*6&'*'&B3231VOLU,UL1-H"#r!-F'&!(!'#-arta-

    "*!"+a(a&r!5* 1?6?162?1 4tt0:#'"a6&r!.t6r'*'&2?123?B60*. 1?6?162?1

    4tt0:5!5(!'t"&a6&!tat"0"*!a6r'5!5(!'t"&a6&!tat"0"*!a6r'C'#t"(at!!*!aa#t!#"A#)(IIINr360*. 1?6?162?1

    4tt0:6&'a(a*"art"6r'a*!#*ata.!("@a#)(!!-"!60*. 1?6?162?1 4tt0:5''M6''("6r'5''M

    !*rB"UAAAartaW!"#"$a4(r'aX+"*?a4UE!Mt24B@3A4YHY9