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1 Argentina as an investment opportunity Rodolfo G. Villalba Executive Vice President Buenos Aires, May 2017

Argentina as an investment opportunity · 2017. 7. 12. · bureaucracy Inflation FX restrictions Access to financing Corruption Other Tax levels. 5 $ 0 $ 10.000 $ 20.000 $ 30.000

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Page 1: Argentina as an investment opportunity · 2017. 7. 12. · bureaucracy Inflation FX restrictions Access to financing Corruption Other Tax levels. 5 $ 0 $ 10.000 $ 20.000 $ 30.000

1

Argentina as an investment opportunity

Rodolfo G. VillalbaExecutive Vice President

Buenos Aires, May 2017

Page 2: Argentina as an investment opportunity · 2017. 7. 12. · bureaucracy Inflation FX restrictions Access to financing Corruption Other Tax levels. 5 $ 0 $ 10.000 $ 20.000 $ 30.000

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Argentina has strong fundamentals to become a regional economic engine

Vast availability of NATURAL

RESOURCES

• 8th largest country in the world (2.8 Mn km2), with 53% of agricultural land

• Abundant food, water and renewable energy resources

• Large oil & gas and mineral reserves

NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE

improvement underway

• Nationwide road & railroad systems (35,000+ km), 43 ports & 54 airports

• High connectivity, with 75% broadband and 141% mobile penetration

• Extensive natural gas pipeline and electricity grid coverage

Large and diversified ECONOMY

• 3rd largest economy in LatAm, GDP of USD 586 Bn

• 2nd highest GDP per capita in PPP terms in the region, USD 22,500

• ~43 Mn pop (~60% under 35); access to 300 Mn pop in Mercosur

High quality HUMAN CAPITAL

• Qualified labor force, renowned for its technical skills, creativity & versatility

• #1 in Latin America’s Indices of Human Development and Education

• 98% literacy rate, ~110,000 higher education graduates per year

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Brazil

3.4%

Peru Colombia

3.9%

5.0%

Chile

2.4%1.9%

Mexico Argentina

8.4%74.9

9.412.5

27.4

Brazil

12.4

1.9

Argentina

9.7

Chile

19.7

3.4

Mexico Peru

8.27.1

1.5

Colombia

Argentina has potential to capture USD 25 Bn/year+ in Foreign Direct Investment

Argentina has lagged behind its peers in capturing the strong FDI inflow growth in Latin America

Now we have the opportunity to reach the level of FDI correspondent to the size of our economy

Foreign Direct Investment(Avg. USD Bn/Year)

Source: World Bank, IMF

6.0x

2.9x

5.8x 6.6x 5.4x

’08 - ’15 FDI/GDP(%, average)

’08-’15

’90-’00

Average4.5%

Argentina’s share of regional FDI flows fell from 16% to 4% between the 90s and the last 7 years

To reach the regional average, Argentina needs to capture USD 25 Bn a year in FDI flows

1.4x

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WEF Survey: Main Concerns for Argentina (share of total responses)

President Macri’s Administration has taken concrete steps to resolve investors’ concerns

Key reforms and initiatives

• Instituted inflation targeting policy to reach single–digit CPI by 2018

• Removed capital controls and repatriation restrictions

• Floated exchange rate and recovered monetary reserves

• Resolved defaulted debt and regained access to global financial markets

• Government e-platform for tenders and public accounts• Introduced Central Bank independence• Created the Argentina Investment & Trade Promotion Agency• New Public–Private Partnerships (PPP) regulatory framework• Re–launched the National Statistics Bureau (INDEC)• Established 4–year plan to eliminate the primary fiscal deficit• Implemented an unprecedented tax amnesty scheme

• Removed export taxes and import restrictions

Source: World Economic Forum (2015), press releases* JPMorgan, Embi+ 08/31/15 = 584, Embi+ 08/31/16 = 454. **Includes the Federal Government, Buenos Aires Province and corporations

• Country risk declined more than 100bp (-22%) in 12 months*• Recent public and corporate debt issuances have been oversubscribed by 4-7x**

24

6

11

11

13

17

18

Governmentbureaucracy

Inflation

FX restrictions

Access tofinancing

Corruption

Other

Tax levels

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5

$ 0

$ 10.000

$ 20.000

$ 30.000

$ 40.000

$ 50.000

$ 60.000

The new administration was able to stop the decline and strengthen foreign exchange reserves

Source: Central Bank of Argentina. Dates are in dd/mm/yyyy format

Foreign exchange reserves (USD million)

The unprecedented

tax amnesty scheme (for a

monetary value of USD 120 Bn so far) will continue to contribute to the growth of

foreign exchange reserves

Recovering reserves level to pre FX restriction policies in 2011

USD 51.495

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Low leverage at the household, corporate and government levels increase potential for investment and growth

Ch

ile

40

%

Jap

an UK

67

%

65

%

12

1%

Fran

ce

54

%

Ch

ina

12

5%

Ind

ia

86

%

USA

45

%

Ru

ssia

Ger

man

y

30

%C

olo

mb

ia

Per

u

19

%A

rge

nti

na

29

%

38

%B

razi

l

86

%

24

%

Ch

ile1

8%

UK

89

%

Ind

ia

Ru

ssia

43

%

71

%

24

9%

10

5%

69

%

USA

Ch

ina

Fran

ce9

6%

Jap

an

Co

lom

bia

51

%

Bra

zil

Per

u

16

%

Arg

en

tin

a5

2%

70

%

Mex

ico

54

%

Ger

man

y

USA

9%

74

%

81

%

Ch

ile

Jap

an1

01

%

36

%

Bra

zil

53

%

21

%

Co

lom

bia

Ger

man

y

Fran

ce UK

55

%

Ind

ia

7%

Arg

en

tin

a

7%

Mex

ico

15

%

Source: McKinsey Global Institute, BCRA, IMF

Household Debt - 2014(% of GDP)

Corporate Debt - 2014(% of GDP)

Sovereign Debt - 2015(% of GDP)

Argentine households have significant room to borrow and increase spending

Argentine corporations have the lowest debt to GDP ratio in the world,

increasing opportunity for leverage

The government has ample room to borrow from capital markets to fund

infrastructure projects

Latin America

Emerging Markets

Developed World

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Argentina’s macroeconomic indicators are projected to improve markedly beginning in 2017, making this an ideal moment to invest in the country

According to IMF, Inflation is expected to decrease significantly, reaching single digits by 2020

Argentine GDP growth is expected to rebound strongly in the next few years

20

18

20

10

5%

2%

20

15

20

13

-2%

-6%

20

08

1%

0%

11%

3%

4%

20

11

20

19

20

17

-1% 20

20

20

21

6%

Sources: Historical – INDEC; Projections – IMF World Economic Outlook (October 2016)

5%7%

12%

17%

21%

39%

20192017 2018 202120202016

ProjectedHistorical

YoY Consumer Price ChangeYoY GDP Growth (constant 2004 prices)

Argentina’s Central Bank has set more aggressive goals of

12-17% for 2017 and 8-12% for 2018, reaching 5% in 2019

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• Oil & Gas: $20 Bn+ (per year)

• Mining: $30 Bn+

• Renewable energy: $15 Bn

• Hydro power: $10 Bn

• Power grid: $5 Bn

• Thermal power: $4 Bn

• Nuclear power: $3 Bn

$85 Bn

Energy & Mining

• Roads & highways: $48 Bn

• Water & sanitation: $22 Bn

• Education & health: $20 Bn

• Urban mobility: $17 Bn

• Freight rail: $15 Bn

• Real estate: $5 Bn

• Telco networks: $5 Bn

• Airports & ports: $3 Bn

$135 Bn

Infrastructure

• Irrigation: $18 Bn

• Animal protein (beef, pork, poultry): $5 Bn

• Forestry/Pulp: $2.5 Bn

$25 Bn

Agribusiness

• Automotive industry

• Food & Beverage

• Consumer products

• Machinery & Equipment

• Basic materials

$5 Bn

Manufacture/ Industrial Goods

• Tourism

• Professional services

• Biotechnology

• Pharma

• Software development

$5 Bn

Value AddedServices

Argentina offers investment opportunities of more than USD 250 Bn

Note: All values are in USD

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Contribute to the creation of quality jobs and sustainable economic development by reinserting Argentina into the world, through investment and trade

The Argentina Investment & Trade Promotion Agency

➢ Facilitate investment processes and improve business climate

➢ Unlock SMEs and regional economies potential to strategic international markets

➢ Single point of contact in the government for companies seeking to invest in Argentina

➢ Promote the highest ethical and professional standards, making Argentina a better and more transparent place to conduct business

➢ Become a strategic partner throughout the investment period

ECONOMICIMPACT

JOBCREATION

SOCIALIMPACT

TECHNOLOGYTRANSFER

STRATEGICSECTORS

ENVIRONMENTALCARE

REGIONALECONOMIES

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The Agency facilitates investment processes throughout the business ecosystem

Sector-specific information, programs, regulatory framework

CAPITAL FLOWS

TAX LEGAL

PERMITSMinistries

Ministry ofForeign Affairs

Provinces

Municipalities

Industry Chambers

Secretariats

Associations

StrategicPartners

Embassies & Consulates

Private, state-owned, & multilateral

banks

President /Chief of

Staff

Big 4, managementconsultants

Regional Promotion Agencies

Ministerial IPAs

Financing Programs

Foreign Consultants

Tax/legal paperwork, permits, registrations

The Agency is a single-point-of-contact for investment projects, independently of sectors and origins

Strategic issues Administrative issues

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Through the end of November, there have been investment announcements totaling USD ~53 Bn, of which the Agency manages USD ~35 Bn

6.6

4.61.3

Industrial Goods

Financial Services 6.7

Energy & Resources

Consumer Goods

Agribusiness2.5

2.9

13.7

Investments managed by the Agency

2.2

5.9

8.0

23.9

Technology & Other Services

55.4

5.4

Investments announced*

34.9

2.4

Transport & Infrastructure 4.2

* From 11/12/15 to 11/12/2016. Includes only projects with a declared monetary amount

Investment Announcements(USD Bn)

# Projects

99

28

38

49

53

60

33

32

8

2529

33

39

53

# Projects

360

203

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We have a world-class team ready to assist you with your investment and trade needs

JUAN PROCACCINIPresident

+54 11 5199 [email protected]

PABLO TARANTINIVP Investments

Infrastructure, Mining, Consumer Goods, Innovation

+54 11 5218 [email protected]

RODOLFO VILLALBAVP Investments

Business in Asia+54 11 5218 9332

[email protected]

JUAN PABLO TRÍPODIVP International Trade

Agribusiness, ConsumerGoods, Services

+54 11 5218 [email protected]

ANDRÉS ONDARRAVP Investments

Finance, PowerGeneration, Real Estate,

Oil & Gas+54 11 5218 9332

[email protected]

FRANCISCO URANGAVP Investments

Agribusiness, Industrial Goods

+54 11 5218 [email protected]

ANDRÉS TAHTAVP Investments

Telecommunications, Renewable Energy, Health &

Professional Services+54 11 5218 8571

[email protected]

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Rodolfo G. VillalbaExecutive Vice [email protected]

Miguel MitreAnalyst Asia

[email protected]

www.investandtrade.org.ar

InvestTradeARG

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APPENDIX

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According to private projections, economic growth combined with reduction in subsidies to consumers should reduce the primary fiscal deficit from 4.8% to 0.9% of GDP by 2021

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

18

4

24

0

2

22

20 18.6

23.4

1.5

19.417.9

21.7

Fiscal deficit

Expenditures

18.0

20.6

3.1

18.44.8

4.1

22.4

18.9

Primary revenues

0.92.2

18.3 18.6

3.8%3.6% 3.1%

-2.0%

3.1% 3.2%

Relationship between primary revenues, expenditures and fiscal deficit (% of GDP)

GDP Growth

Source: Morgan Stanley

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✓ Normalization of Foreign Exchange Market – removal of capital

controls and exchange rate unification

✓ Removal of Export Taxes on Mining and Industrial Products

✓ Reduction of Agricultural Export Taxes

✓ New Import Regime (“SIMI”) – clarification of goods requiring

non-automatic import licenses, all other goods require only an

automatic license

✓ Rural Land Law – implementation of a more flexible system for

productive use of rural land by foreigners

✓ Tax Amnesty Law – tax incentives for Argentines to repatriate

assets held abroad and invest in Argentina’s economy

✓ SME Promotion Law – reduction of income tax and increase in

financing options for SMEs

✓ Automotive Parts Production Law – incentives for automotive

industry when buying local production

✓ Access to Public information Law – stipulates a requirement that

all public information requested of the government be provided

(or denied with a specific reason) within 15 days

✓ Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Law – measures to facilitate

and incentivize fruitful investment partnerships between public

and private sector

A number of regulatory initiatives have been or are in the process of being implemented to foster a better business and investment climate

ALREADY IMPLEMENTED

• “First Job” Law – tax

credits and subsidies for

companies who employ 18

– 24 year olds

• “Simplified” Stock

Company Law – new

company type to facilitate

the establishment of start-

ups (online registration,

ability for employees to

receive stock as

compensation)

• Venture Capital Law –

creation of funds backed

by the government and

with incentives for

investors to foster

Argentine

entrepreneurship

UNDER CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW UPCOMING

• Cultural Patronage Law –

tax incentives for private

companies to finance

cultural projects

• Transparency in Public

Works Law – stipulates a

requirement that all the

administrative steps for

public works be made

public

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Financial markets have been eager lenders to the government and Argentine companies

Bond Issuer Date of issueMillons

USD Maturity(years)

Av. cost

SOVEREIGN

Argentine Republic April 17, 2016 16.500 3, 5, 10, 30 7.2%

Argentine Republic January 26, 2017 7.000 5, 105.625% 6.875%

SUB-SOVEREIGN

Buenos Aires Prov.March 9, 2016

February 7, 20171.250750

6 – 86

9.375%6.6%

Neuquén May 5, 2016 235 12 8.62%

Mendoza May 12, 2016 500 8 8.375%

Ciudad de Buenos Aires May 25 2016 890 11 7.625%

Córdoba June 3, 2016 725 5 7.125%

Salta June 30, 2016 300 8 9.125%

Chubut July 18, 2016 650 10 7,75%

Chaco August 11, 2016 250 8 9.5%

Santa Fe October 25, 2016 250 10 6,9%

Entre Ríos February 1, 2017 350 8 8.75%

CORPORATE

IRSA March 17, 2016 300 1 – 4 8.75%

YPF March 23, 2016 1000 5 8.5%

Cablevisión June 8, 2016 300 5 6.5%

Arcor S.A. June 22, 2016 300 4 9.125%

YPF June 30, 2016 750 4 9.125%

Arcor S.A. March 23, 2016 1000 5 8.5%

RECENT DEBT PLACEMENTS

✓ Argentina was the emerging market

with the most debt placements in H1

2016 with USD 23 Bn in total

placements (20% share)

✓ Issuers included sovereign, sub-

sovereign and prime corporations and

many of them were oversubscribed

₋ The federal government

received offers for USD 69 Bn,

implying an oversubscription of

4.2x

₋ Buenos Aires Province was

oversubscribed by 3x, Neuquén

by 6.3x, Mendoza by 4.6x

₋ Cablevisión was oversubscribed

by 7.0x

COMMENTARY

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Argentina has recently passed a law to promote Public-Private Partnerships

Provisions

Benefits

Objective: Increase private investor participation in a variety of projects promoted by the Argentine government across sectors

• Public sector: access to the experience, efficiency and financing of the private sector

• Private sector: ability to participate as an investor in public projects under clear guidelines and foreseeable streams of payments

• Any private or semi-private company and any public sector entity is allowed to participate through a variety of investment vehicles (e.g. existing societies, trusts etc.)

• Ample guarantees to ensure that contract obligations are met and payments made

• Limits the state’s ability to unilaterally change contract terms or alter the economic equilibrium of the agreement (e.g. 100% compensation will have to be paid prior to takeover of assets)

• Allows for contracts to be agreed to and payments to be made in foreign currencies

• Dispute resolution can be sought from technical panels and/or national/international tribunals

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19

We have very attractive renewables and unconventional O&G markets under development

Power generation: renewables target of 20% of consumption shall be met by 2025

Unconventional O&G: “Vaca Muerta” play has world-scale potential

Installed Capacity(GW)

Addt’l Capacity

10 GW

1,5 GW

3 GW

8 GW

• Investments of USD 15 Bn needed to meet renewables target

• Great conditions for wind, solar, biomass and small hydro

• Government commitment and support:

- Competitive prices under guaranteed long term PPAs

- Tax incentives (accelerated depreciation, levied import duties, etc)

- Financing for renewable energy projects

• >10GW of large baseload plants (thermal/hydro) needed

• Argentina holds the world’s 2nd largest technically recoverable shale gas and 4th largest shale oil reserves

• Vaca Muerta has 4+ years of cumulative development- Area of 30,000 km2 with ~300m of shale layer at

~3,500m of depth (with 3-5% of total O&G content)- JVs between YPF and Chevron, Dow, Pampa, Petronas

• The Government has preagreed modifications to the Vaca Muerta collective bargaining agreement: gas price will have longer predictability, and labor costs and productivity will be improved

Shale Oil Reserves(Bill. Barrels)

Shale Gas Reserves(Trill. Cubic feet)

Source: Ministry of Energy and Mining, EIA

32

58

75

27

ArgChinaUSARussia

707665

802

China AlgeriaRussiaArg

1,135

22 25

10

18

10

Thermal

133

54

Hydro

1

2015 2025

Renewable

Nuclear

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20* Excluding biomassSource: Universidad del Comahue, IEA, Enel

Argentina has 300+ GW potential in renewable energies distributed across different regions in the country*

BIOMASS

• Wide availability of sugar cane bagasse and agricultural residue

• Significant forestry coverage and wood production in NE and south regions (eg. Tierra del Fuego)

GEOTHERMAL

• High quality geothermal resources located in the Central Andes region.

• The area hosts almost every basic geothermal element such as volcanoes, fumaroles, hot springs and geysers

WIND

• Year-round strong and stable winds reflected in capacity factors of 35%+

• Favorable terrain conditions (include rounded hills, open plains and extensive shoreline)

SOLAR

• High solar radiation levels found in flat terrains with good altitude and low humidity levels

• High capacity factors for Solar PV

MINI - HYDRO

• Wide availability of mini-hydro projects with high capacity factors (over 50%)

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Selected Countries: Wind Capacity Factors (%) Argentina: Average Windspeed Map

• Patagonia Region has very stable and strong winds throughout the entire year (with average winds of over 9m/s)

• Windfarms with capacity factors ranging from 35% to 50%

CF Source: Project public data / BNEF; Map: Centro Regional de Energía Eólica

Argentina has the highest wind power potential in the region

35

1544

19

23

33

20

3537

47

USA GerUruArg

50

BraPer Mex Chl Chi

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• Northern Region has exceptional radiation levels and terrain conditions, comparable to those in the Atacama desert in Chile

• PV capacity factors expected to range between 25% and 33% (with tracker)

CF Source: Project public data / BNEF; Map: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

Selected Countries: Solar Capacity Factors (%) Argentina: Average Solar Radiation Map

Argentina also has the second highest solar power potential in the region

25

34

12

1516

2020

31

17

8

Uru ChiGer

33

Mex Chl PerBraArg Jpn

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Recent tenders in renewable and thermal energy were heavily oversubscribed

Capacity called for tender1 GW

Oversubscribedx 6.3

Projects presented123

Awards

22 Projects1,472 MW5,827 MWh/yr

Wind

24 Projects916 MW2,192 MWh/yr

Solar PV

6 Projects9 MW67 MWh/yr

Biogas

2 Projects15 MW117 MWh/yr

Biomass

5 Projects11 MW65 MWh/yr

Small Hydro

For specific information on the Renewable Energy awarded projects, please see the RenovAr Brochure developed by the Udersecretariat of Renewable Enery, Ministry of Energy and Mines

59 Projects2,423 MW8,268 MWh/yr

TOTALAWARDED

Renewable Energy (RenovAr Rounds 1 and 1.5) Thermal Energy

✓ Auction initially contemplated

increasing installed capacity by 1

GW, but ended up awarding 2.8 GW

due to high demand

✓ Results:

• Total of 2.8 GW awarded

• 6.6x oversubscribed

• 20% offers coming from new

players

• Pricing ~32% cheaper than

previous auction

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24

148

13Current 11x

Potential

We have great mining potential, with abundant reserves of lithium, copper, silver, gold and potassium

Significant mining potential with ~75% unexplored surface Important opportunities in lithium, copper, silver and gold

Gold

Copper

Uranium

Polymetallic

Lithium

Lead-Zinc

Iron

Prospective areas

• 750,000 Km2 of high potential mining areas

• 183,000 Km2 of already granted mining rights

- 25 advanced prospects

- 14 production mines

• USD 30 Bn+ needed to develop copper, silver, gold, lithium, potassium and other opportunities

• There are 40+ projects with PEA and onward

• There are 340+ projects in initial stagesSource: Ministry of Energy and Mining USGS

• ~65% of the mining surface remains unexplored

• No export taxes for mining products

# 14

# 9

World Ranking

# 20

# 6

# 10

# 5

# 3

# 2

Tonnes

76

53

31 107

Current

Potential

2x

Thousand tonnes

856

110 9x

100Potential 956

Current

Tonnes

756

800

Current

1,417

3x

2,217Potential

Thousand tonnes

Gold

Copper

Silver

Lithium

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There are at least 7 world class Copper projects in advanced stages, and 85 projects in early stages underway

85 projects in early stages in several provinces

• 23 in Salta

• 17 in San Juan

• 11 in Catamarca

• 10 in La Rioja

Advanced Projects Company Metals Province State

Agua Rica Yamana Gold Cu, Au, Mo, Ag Catamarca Feasability

El Pachón Glencore Cu, Mo, Ag San Juan Feasability

San Jorge Solway Investment Ltd Cu, Au Mendoza Pre-Feas.

Taca-Taca First Quantum Cu, Au, Mo, Ag Salta Feasability

Josemaría (las Vicuñas, Las Flechas) NGEX Resources Cu, Au, Ag San Juan PEA

Los Azules McEwen Mining Cu, Au, Ag San Juan PEA

El Altar Stillwater Mining Corp. Cu, Au San Juan Adv. Exp.

Our 7 projects in advanced stage are exploitable in the near future

• 8 in Mendoza

• 7 in Jujuy

• 6 in Neuquen

• 2 in Chubut

• 1 in La Pampa

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26

Argentina has the 3rd largest brine Lithium resource; alongside Bolivia and Chile we form the Lithium Triangle

Company Salar Tn/yr

Orocobre Ltd. Toyota S. Olaroz Cauchari 20k

FMC S. Del Hombre Muerto 20k

Enirgi Group S. Rincón 20k

Ganfeng Lithium S. Llullaillaco 20k

Eramet / Eramine S. Centanario 20k

SQM S. Cauchari Olaroz 20k

Galaxy Resources Ltd. S. Del Hombre Muerto 20k

There are 7 projects in pilot stage

Projects in early stages25• 5 in Jujuy

• 15 in Salta

• 5 in Catamarca

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There are vast agribusiness opportunities in land irrigation, cattle raising, forestry & cellulose and food industrialization

Argentina has excellent agriculture conditions and full government support

There are still many opportunities for further development

• Farming conditions:

- Mild Climate with abundant rainfall

- Rich soils with low fertilizer needs

- Exceptional human resources, long farming tradition

- High technology adoption in crop genetics (>65% GMO)

- Unparalleled logistics with 100% storage capacity

• Government support: one of the first measures adopted by President Macri’s administration was the elimination of export taxes to wheat, corn, meat and regional products

Development of more than 4 Mn Ha with artificial irrigation

Potential investment: USD 8 Bn

Expansion of the forestry and cellulose/ paper industry, biomass energy and housing. Raw material: 4-5 Mn m3/year

Potential investment: USD 2.5 Bn

Increased food industrialization (milling, wine, canned and frozen food)

Potential investment: USD 0.5 Bn+

Cattle raising expansion – 10 Mn head, 200 K swine and 1,5 Bn poultry

Potential investment: USD 10 Bn+

Argentina´s food production capacity(Million people)

2016 Argentine production

2.8 Mn Tons produced11th meat exporter (265 MT)

56 Mn tons production1st soy oil exporter (6 Mt)2nd soymeal exporter (32 Mt)3rd bean exporter (12 Mt)

28 Mn tons production3rd world exporter (17 Mt)

Source: Ministry of Agroindustry

600

400

1.5X

2015 2025

Potential and incentives to consolidate as significant player and develop 300k tons of aquaculture

Potential investment: 1 Bn+

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In professional services, we have become a hub for large companies’ shared service centers

Argentina has a number of distinct benefits for the establishment of shared service centers

Dozens of companies across industries have established their shared service centers in Argentina

*Differences can shift by +/- 1 hour during daylight savings timeSources: UN, GSMA, press releases

• Ample supply of talented and English speaking workforce

- 110K higher education graduates per year

- 15th in the world in terms of English proficiency (1st in LatAm)

- 98% literacy rate countrywide

• Located in a convenient time zone

- Entire Americas and Europe within +/- 5 hours*

- NYC / Washington D.C. / Boston are at -1 hour

- London is at +4 and Continental Europe at +5 hours

• Availability of high-quality affordable urban office space

- Buenos Aires office space is cheaper than Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Bogota, Santiago and Mexico City

- Tax incentives exist for companies installing themselves in certain areas of Buenos Aires (e.g. new technology district)

• Developed mobile and broadband infrastructure

- 75% of population with broadband access

- 141% mobile phone penetration with wide cell service availability

650 employees providing IT, tax & project

management services (opened in 2012 )

1000 employees providing IT, research, credit analysis and processing services (opened

in 2015)

400 employees providing IT and accounting services

(opened in 2006)

120 employees providing admin, procurement and billing services (opened in

2006)

40+ shared service centers in Argentina, including

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In infrastructure, we have ambitious development plans for roads & highways, railways and airports

Roads: improvement and construction of roads & highways

Freight rail: rehabilitation of the entire network

2015

Airports: modernization & increased flight usage

2027

• ~40% of roads are currently in poor conditions

• Only 2,800km of highways in place

• Plan 2027:

- 11,400 km of total highways

- 13,000 km of roads in good conditions

- Investment of USD 28 Bn

• Growth by 2x of air traffic expected by 2020 (10 Mn to 20 Mnpassengers)

• Expanded international connections

• Plan 2019:

- 14 airports modernized by 2019

- Investments of USD 900 Mn

• Only 5% of freight is transported by railway (18 Mn tones)

• Average speed of ~12-15 km/h

• Plan 2027:

- 10,000 km of refurbished rails

- 80-100 Mn tones transported

- Investment of USD 15 Bn

Source: Ministry of Transportation

Passenger rail: new developmentsPorts

• The Regional Express Network (RER) is a USD 8.5 Bn urban passenger investment

• Port of City of Buenos Aires bid

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There are a number of public tenders planned in the short term across sectors

Transportation

H2

20

16

& H

1 2

01

7

Nationwide road concessions

Stage 2 Belgrano Cargasfreight

Regional Express Railway

Further freight rail projects (e.g. San Martin Cargas,

Urquiza Cargas)

Passenger rail rolling stock

Buenos Aires Subway construction & renovation

Port of Buenos Aires concession

H2

20

17

Federal Infrastructure Energy Real Estate & Tourism

Waste-to-energy electricity plants

Note: All tender dates are tentative and approximate; includes only selection of opportunities. Thermal energy tenders to be determined.

Nationwide irrigation systems

Health related public works

Education related public works

“Portezuelo del Viento” multipurpose dam

“Potrero del Clavillo” multipurpose dam

Various real estate projects in Buenos Aires City (e.g.

Huergo Project, ColegialesStation, Houssay Square…)

Various real estate projects in Provinces (e.g. North Port Rosario, Mendoza Station…)

Housing public works

Cafayate tourism project

Renewable energy (solar, wind, hydro, biomass etc.)

Seismic evaluation for offshore O&G

RenovAr Plan Round 2

First HV Transmission Grid Tender

Thermal Tender (large high efficiency projects -

>700MW)

6-8 Vaca Muerta play tender