Argan oil on human health: Sevilla may 12th 2016ww2.fmp-usmba.ac.ma/madmoun/uploads/2015/05/... · Argan oil on human health: Sevilla may 12th 2016 - 72 patients were enrolled in

Argan oil on human health: Sevilla may 12th 2016

Use of Argan Oil as a Therapeutic Tool in

Human Diseases: Experiences from

Nephrology and Rheumatology patients

Dr. Mourad ERRASFA

Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy

Department of pharmacology

USMBA - Fez, Morocco. Argan oil on human health: Sevilla may

12th 2016

• The argan is a tree unique to Morocco where is makes up the 2nd largest forest in the country and has been a part of the landscape for many centuries.

• There are over 20 million trees covering an area of 830.000 hectares .

• The trees are known to live at least 250 years.

• They require little from the soil.

• They are ery resista t to desert like o ditio surviving temperatures raising from 3°C to 50 °C and rainfalls as low as 120 to 200 mm per year.

• They a gro at altitude up to 1500 meters.

• They are the last arrier agai st the desert.

Introducing the argan tree

Forêt d’arga ier da s les o tag es de l’anti-atlas

Arganiers en limite du désert

• “i ilar i appeara e to that of a olive,

• it ha ges olor fro gree to yello to brown as it ripens.

• it takes years to ature.

• it has stro g hull o tai i g fro -3

kernels

• the kernels are 50% oil.

The Argan fruit

The fruit

Fruits d’arga ier sur u ar re

Argan tree : multipurpose tree

Sol sous arganier Arganier

Pulpe

Amande

Coque

Bois de feu Feuilles

Élevage

Tourteaux

Huile

Fruit Cultures intercalaires

Eschborn october 21st

Social and ecologic role of the argania forest

Provides products and income for more than

2 million persons

Exploitation of the argania forest =

20 million working hours / year.

The argan tree as o sidered as gree urtai against the desert.

1) stabilizes the soil, reduces erosion,

maintains moisture in the air, shelters a large

variety of small and wild animals,

2) Shades domestic cultures and furnishes via

its fruit the major part of the argan forest

dwellers lipid diet.

.

Dépulpage du fruit et concassage des noix torréfaction des amandons

Malaxage de la pate obtenue

Traditional extraction of Argan oil

Mouture dans un moulin à bras traditionnel

100 Kg de fruit frais

50 kg de fruits secs

30 kg de noix

Kg d’amandons

, L d’huile d’arga

Dépulpage, environ

4,5h

Concassage,

environ 5h

Torréfaction,

environ1/2h

Mouture,

Environ 1h

Malaxage,

environ 45min

Total 20h/1L

Rendement 30%

Improving quality and conditions of extraction

Developing new ways of presenting the product to make it more attractive.

Organization of women cooperatives for improvement of women social and

economic conditions


http://www.arganbio.fr/huile-d-argan-arganbio.php


http://www.arganbio.fr/huile-d-argan-arganbio.php

Despulpar el fruto y la trituracion de la nuez con un golpe de piedra


Torrefaccion de las nueces, aplastamineto de la semillas en una

piedra de molino, y batido de la pasta con un poco de agua


METODO INDUSTRIAL DE PRODUCION DEL ACEITE DE ARGAN


http://www.worldartisanguild.com/quality.html

METODO INDUSTRIAL DE PRODUCION DEL ACEITE DE ARGAN


http://bionaturehouse.com/en/gourmet/8-information

argan Oil Composition

• 99 % of Triglycerides (TG)

- 80% of fatty acids in TG are unsaturated

- Mainly oleic acid (45%) and linoleic acid (34%)

• The remaining 1% contains:

–Vitamine E,

–Carotenoïds,

– Sterols,

–Polyphenols













Carotenoïds in Argan oil?

Efficacy of argan Oil on pain, metabolic syndrome and

oxidative stress:

Experiences from rheumatology and nephrology patients

open new perspectives to treat other human pathologies

Mourad ERRASFA

Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy

Department of pharmacology

USMBA - Fez, Morocco.



GRETHA



Aceite de argan mejora la respuesta celular y la señal a insulina bajo dieta alta en

grasa y sacarosa


Knee Osteoarthritis patients with Metabolic

syndrome

EFFECT OF argan OIL CONSUMPTION



Henrotin, Y., Kurz, B. and Aigner, T. Osteoarthritis

Cartilage. 2005, 13, 1-7. http://www.biomedicale.univ-paris5.fr/umr747/index.html.

Gonarthrose et stress oxydant

http://www.biomedicale.univ-paris5.fr/umr747/index.html





Metabolic syndrome:

High Blood Pressure

High glycemia

Waist circumeference

High Triglyceride levels

Low HDL

Use of argan Oil in

Rheumatology

-1-

Against Pain, stifness and walk difficulties in

Knee Osteoarthritis patients


Study design (1)

A prospective randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial on patients with knee Osteoarthritis

1- to investigate the effect of argan Oil consumption on Pain, articulation,

stifness and walking difficulties


- 72 patients were enrolled in the study.

- Mean age of our patients was 58.8 ± 7 years

- 38 patients were assigned to argan oil treatment group

and received argan oil to be consumed every morning

(30 ml per day) for 8 weeks

- 34 patients were assigned to control group with no

treatment.

Clinical characteristics and blood lipids of the population study


ASSESSEMENT OF PAIN , FUNCTIONAL IMPAIREMENT, STIFFNESS AND WALKED

DISTANCE


Efectos del consumo de aceite de Argàn sobre la Artrosis de

Rodilla: Dolor, Rigidez, Actividad de funcion y disctancia de

marcha


Control group

argan oil group

Variable before after before After

VAS pain 45.58 ± 11.33 44.41 ± 10.78 42.63 ± 11.31 33.42 ± 12.57 p=0.009

VAS functional

impairement

42.64 ± 13.32 42.64± 14.62 39.47 ± 14.13 30.26 ± 13.45 p=0.032

Distance Walked 788.23 ± 239.65 764.41 ± 246.86 829.72 ± 241.36 918.91 ± 156.05 p=0.011

WOMAC Pain 5.02 ± 2.98 5.29 ± 2.76 6.86 ± 4.68 5.55 ± 4.20 p=0.000

WOMAC Stifness 4.20 ± 2.28 4.67 ± 2.15 4.31 ± 2.53 4.21 ± 3.70 p=0.840

WOMAC Function 14.23 ± 5.56 15.35 ± 5.03 15.76 ± 7.94 12.39 ± 6.69 p=0.000

WOMAC TOTAL 23.47± 8.73 25.32 ± 8.15 26.94±13.80 22.15±13.55 p=0.000

LEQUESNE INDEX 4.85 ± 1.50 4.85 ± 1.61 4.75±2.13 4.28±2.15 p=0.000

Conclusion

Consumption of argan oil improves clinical symptoms of knee OA


Use of argan Oil in

Rheumatology

-2-

Against Metabolic Syndrome in knee osteoarthritis patients


Effect of argan Oil consumption on lipid profile and

Blood Pressure


Conclusion

Consumption of argan oil can improve

parameters of metabolic syndrome in patients

with knee osteoarthritis and lowers Diastolic

Blood Pressure


Renal failure and Hemodialysis

• End stage renal failure needs Hemodialysis

Therapy (HDT):

AN ARTIFICIAL KINDEY!!

• HDT: 3 to 4 times per week !!

• HDT: More than 3 hours per session !! Argan oil on human health: Sevilla may 12th 2016

Hemodialysis process

an Artificial kidney Dialysis apparatus that uses:

1- Extra body circuit of blood

2- Hemodialysis membrane

3- Dialysate liquid


Hemodialysis Therapy:

What can be maeliorated?

• Water quality : Highly pure and sterile

• Membrane quality : Biocompatible

membranes that activate less cellular

and molecular species in the blood!


According to Epidemiologic studies

High Blood Cholesterol level is positively associated

with cardiovascular mortality !!!


In Hemodialysis patients, more than 50 % of death is

caused by cardiovascular events

CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS

• Age

• Sex

• Genetic profil

• Dyslipidemia (Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDLc, LDLc, lipoproteins)

• Hyperglycemia

• High Blood Pressure

• Obesity

• Smoking habits


Main drugs indicated for Dyslipidemia:

• Statines (simvastatine …

• Fibrates lofi rate …

• Ion Exchangers (cholestyramine )


attempts are made to combate oxidative stress in many pathologies

BUT WHAT TO USE?

approved drugs?

plant extracts: how about argan Oil ?


Rational for argan Oil use in

medicine

1) Combats Oxidative Stress through its anti-

oxidant substances (tocopherols, polyphenols, …)

2) Combat Dyslipidemia mainly in patients with

Metabolic Syndrome through its Phytosterols and

Fatty Acids



Dyslipidemia in Hymodialysis patients


Effect of Consumption of argan oil

on anti-oxidant status and lipid

profile in Hemodialysis Patients

(study 1)



Study design

Aprospective crossover, controlled trial, on

37 patients (18 men, 19 women) with end-

stage renal disease on maintenance

HEMODIALYSIS


Study Design


Patients were randomly assigned to 4-weeks argan Oil

Consumption Group A and a Control Group B

Table 1. Anthropometric informations

Variable Value p Groupe A Groupe B

Sexe M/W 8/11 10/8 0.35

Age (years) 50.7 ± 16.5 47.9 ± 21.5 0.21

Duration in hemodialysis

(months) 36 (6–132) 39 (13–115) 0.29

Study design


Time (weeks)

Upon 4 weeks of argan Oil consumption by group A, there was an

8 weeks washout period, then the groups were reversed for argan

Oil treatment of group B

Table 2. Changes of Body mass index (BMI) and lipid status before and after trial

Variable Groupe Phase 1 Phase 2

Week 0 Week4 P Week 4 Week 4 p

BMI (Kg/m2)

m ± sd

A 23.1 ± 2.9 23.2 ± 2.9 0.85 23.1 ± 3 23.2 ± 2.8 0.71

B 23.3 ± 3.4 23.3 ± 3.5 0.66 23.4 ± 3.5 23.4 ± 3.31 0.53

TG (g/L) A 1.27±0.46 1.30±0.47 0.70 1.35±0.42 1.36±0.41 0.56

B 1.35±0.55 1.36±0.61 0.63 1.18±0.74 1.07±0.56 0.42

CT (g/L)

A 1.60±0.43 1.59±0.36 0.97 1.64±0.38 1.65±0.35 0.88

B 1.63±0.34 1.64±0.38 0.49 1.58±0.38 1.52±0.31 0.38

LDL (g/L) A 1.00±0.36 0.94±0.39 0.40 1.02±0.35 1.03±0.32 0.79

B 1.02±0.35 1.03±0.36 0.69 0.99±0.35 0.89±0.30 0.18

HDL (g/L) A 0.35±0.08 0.39±0.09 0.02* 0.35±0.07 0.35±0.06 0.62

B 0.34±0.05 0.36±0.06 0.80 0.35±0.10 0.41±0.11 0.003*

Argan oil on human health: Sevilla may

12th 2016

Table 3. Changes of antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation status before and after trial

Variable Groupe Phase 1 Phase 2

Week 0 Week4 p Week0 Week4 p

MDA

(µMol/L)

A 2.50±0.89 1.94±1.05 0.045* 2.12±0.74 2.35±0.95 0.59

B 2.76±0.53 2.73±1.18 0.91 2.34±0.88 1.57±0.97 0.038*

OxLDL (U/L) A 33.29 (21.23-

89.31)

34.29 (22.43-

93.08)

0.41 38.27 (26.12-

91.28)

35.76 (23.57-

104.16)

0.57

B 35.15 (20.16-

95.41)

36.74 (24.44-

93.96)

0.39 35.65 (20.67-

93.28)

34.78 (23.18-

86.26)

0.38

Vitamin E A 7.89±2.37 10.97±3.31 0.001* 8.93±2.60 8.46±2.17 0.13

B 8.17±2.41 8.51±1.81 0.31 9.21±2.03 12.41±2.66 0.001*

MDA : Difference beteen MDA level before and after HD session.


Conclusions of Study n°1 (HD)

argan Oil consumption:

- improves blood HDL levels

- Decreases hemodialysis-associated

oxidative stress (MDA)

- Increases Blood Vitamine E level

- It could help to preventing some

Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular

complications in HD Patients. Argan oil on human health: Sevilla may

12th 2016


Dyslipidemia in the population study

(2)

Hypo HDL

Hyper LDL

Hyper Chol

Hyper Tri Gly


Dyslipidemia in the population study (2)




Effect of argan Oil consumption on Blood Lipids and atherogenic ratios

Conclusion of study N°2 (HD)

argan Oil consumption can improve blood

lipid profile in hemodialysis patients. This

effect could have some beneficial effect

against atherogenic dyslipidemia and its

associated Cerebrovascular and

Cardiovascular diseases


Los efectos biologicos positivos

del aceite de argan

posibles Mecanismos

moleculares implicados




Consumo de aceite de oliva vs ICTUS

Estudio « la tres ciuadadès » del sur de Francia

Oleic acid

• Fights Cardiovascular Events

• Fights Stroke

• Fights Hypertension

• Ameliorates blood lipids


Possible effects of Sterols of argan Oil

Schotenol (46% ) and spinasterol (38%) on Blood Lipids


• Compete with Cholesterol : * Lower blood bad cholesterol (LDLc) * Increase good cholesterol (HDLc) * Lower blood triglycerides * Lower Lipid atherogenic indices; Chol / HDLc LDLc / HDLc TG / HDLc ApoB/ApoA1



Vaitamine E, Carotenoids and Polyphenols in Argan Oil

ANTIOXIDANTS


Effects of argan Oil on Human Health

• Fight oxidative stress and Clean Harmful Oxygen Free Radicals

• Fight joint pain in Knee osteoarthritis patients

• Fight metabolic Syndrome

– Improve the levels of blood lipids

– Improve hypertension

– Improve glycemia

• Protect vessels and capillaries from thrombosis andatherosclerosis

• Protect Heart, brain, kidneys, lungs

• Carotenoïds protect retina from oxidants

• Polyphenols fight cancer cells

Argan oil on human health: Sevilla may

12th 2016

Edible argan Oil

Total Cholesterol , LDLc , HDLc

Triglycerides , Free Fatty acids

Lipoprotein A, Lipoprotein B, Lipoprotein E

Oxygen Free Radicals

Peroxides

Blood Glucose Metabolisme

Cardio- Cerebro-vascular

diseases

Blood pressure

Neurodegenerative diseases

Pain and Inflammation

Diabetes (Type 1 and Type 2 )

Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic Neuropathy

Biochemical and clinical targets of edible argan Oil

Tumor growth

Departement of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Fez

Pr. Errasfa, M.

Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, CHU Hassan II, Fez

Pr. Sqalli Houssaini, T

Pr. Arrayhani, M2

Dr. Batta, FZ

Dr. Alaoui Sekkouri , K

Dr. Alaoui, H

Dr. Dahri, S

Dr. Alaoui Belghiti, K

Departement of Rheumatology, CHU Hassan II, Fez

Pr. Harzy Pr. Abourazzak FZDr

Dr. Essouiri J

Dr. Lazrak F

Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of medicine and pharmacy, Fez

Pr. Najdi A

Dr. Benaicha N

Departement of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Rabat.

Pr. El Jaoudi R

Pr. Ibrahimi A

Military Hospital Mohamed V, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat

Pr. El Kabbaj D

Pr. Bahadi

Pr. Benyahya


GRETHA

Acknowledgements:

On behalf of all my collegues,

I would like to thank:

• Patients who participated in the studies

• University Sidi Mohamed ben Abdellah for financial support to purshasing argan Oil

• University Hospital Hassan II of Fez for making blood analysis of our studies free of charge

• University Hospital Ibn Sina and The Military Hospital Mohamed V of Rabat


Documents

Argan oil on human health: Sevilla may 12th 2016ww2.fmp-usmba.ac.ma/madmoun/uploads/2015/05/... · Argan oil on human health: Sevilla may 12th 2016 - 72 patients were enrolled in