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Early modern humans more robust than present populations fromthe same regions
Zhoukoudian, China29,000 ybp
Lothagam, Kenya9,000 ybp
Dwarfism and Gigantism on Islands
• Not universal but fairly common• Natural selection
– Dwarfism: food energy constraint– Gigantism: availability of large prey
2003 Skeleton Discovery
• Unearthed a skull, jaw, pelvis, and leg bones.• Bones from an adult female.• Homo erectus-like features (sloping forehead, arched
brow ridges, but much smaller.• Smallest brain of genus Homo
– 1/3 size of modern humans.• Specimen was radiocarbon and luminescence dated
at about 18,000 years old.
Two dating methods: 35,000 – 18,000 ybp
Brain smallerthan that of smallestAustralopithcines
380-420 cc
Homo floresiensis reported in 2004