Arch 497-05 _ Analysis, Generative Design, Prototyping, and Fabrication_ Spring 2020What is Generative Design?

Generative Design is a new approach that allows engineers and designers to input information such as material type and strength, fabrication process, and desired outcomes such as lighter and stronger. The software, using these inputs, will generate thousands of potential outcomes for the engineer or designer to choose from.

“This is not only an exciting development for the construction sector, but many other industries as well. In the case of this particular piece, the height is approximately half that of one designed for traditional production methods, while the direct weight reduction per node is 75%. On a construction project that means we could be looking at an overall weight reduction of the total structure of more than 40%. But the really exciting part is that this technique can potentially be applied to any industry that uses complex, high quality, metal products.”— Salomé Galjaard, Team Leader at Arup

“Quickly generate high-performing design alternatives—many that you’d never think of on your own—from a single idea. With generative design, there is no single solution; instead, there are potentially thousands of great solutions. You choose the design that best fits your needs.”— Autodesk Website

The course will begin with a 3 week research stage. During this stage students will propose and select a research problem for the semester. The next stage is analysis. What is analysis in this course? If you Google analysis your search query will return an image similar to the one below:

In this course we will not analyze graphs and spreadsheets. Our analysis will look more like the ones in the image below:

Arch 497-05 _ Analysis, Generative Design, Prototyping, and Fabrication_ Spring 2020The analysis types will include, among others, Finite Analysis Modeling (FEA) and several Plug-ins for Grasshopper 3D. Please watch the video below on that introduces Autodesk’s new Generative Design Plug-in.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtYRfMzmWFU

Following the Analysis stage the Prototyping stage will begin. A Google search for Prototyping will return a result similar to the one below:

Many of the prototypes above are conceptual, or not to scale, or not made out of the material that the real product would be made of. The prototypes developed in this course will use advancements in 3D Printing to make real world products more like the ones shown below.

Arch 497-05 _ Analysis, Generative Design, Prototyping, and Fabrication_ Spring 2020It’s crucial that the prototypes are working prototypes. We are seeing the use of 3D Printing to create the real world final product. This is happening in many different disciplines. Below are some examples.

New Balance 3D Printed Custom Track Shoes

Adidas 3D Printed Custom Running Shoes

Arch 497-05 _ Analysis, Generative Design, Prototyping, and Fabrication_ Spring 20203D Printing affords us the opportunity to prototype multiple iterations relatively fast and inexpensive.

Additionally the course will dip it’s toes into the future of Digital Fabrication at a much larger scale than a 9” cube. The students will study examples of Digital Fabrication at a larger scale, some printed, some laser cut, and some made by robots. At the moment we are seeing traditional methods of fabrication morphing into new technologies such as Robot Welding and Metal Printing. Below is a Google search showing the more traditional methods.

Arch 497-05 _ Analysis, Generative Design, Prototyping, and Fabrication_ Spring 2020In this course we will explore new ‘Hybrid’ techniques that are producing new typologies as shown below.

MX3D 2018 Stainless Steel 3D Printed Bridge

MX3D 2018 Stainless Steel 3D Printed Bridge

Arch 497-05 _ Analysis, Generative Design, Prototyping, and Fabrication_ Spring 2020Number and title: Arch 497-05 - Analysis, Generative Design, Prototyping, and Fabrication Instructor: Alphonso Peluso

E-Mail: peluso@iit.edu

Prerequisite(s): Arch 208 DC 3 or permission to take the courseText and Materials: All course resources will be provided on the portal link below:Tutorials Location: alphonsopeluso.com Course description: This course will focus on using digital software and machines for analysis, design, and fabrication. These tools will be applied to a research problem. Computer software explored is Grasshopper 3D and several plug-ins. Machines explored are various types of 3D printers. The research problem should fit in a 9” cube.

Goals: •Develop a research problem to be solved using the course principles •Produce endless design iterations centered around solving the research problem •Create multiple prototypes selected from the endless design iterations •Explore the 3D Printing technologies available to apply to the research problem •3D Print the Solution Software: Grasshopper 3D https://www.grasshopper3d.com/ Karamba 3D https://www.karamba3d.com/ Kangaroo 3D http://kangaroo3d.com/

Resource List: (the place to start but not end)

AirBus Pioneering Bionic 3D Printing

https://www.airbus.com/newsroom/news/en/2016/03/Pioneering-bionic-3D-printing.html

What Generative Design Is and Why It’s the Future of Manufacturing

https://www.newequipment.com/research-and-development/what-generative-design-and-why-its-future-manufacturing

Generative design software will give designers “superpowers”

https://www.dezeen.com/2017/02/06/generative-design-software-will-give-designers-superpowers-autodesk-university/

Generative Design The Road to Production

https://www.engineering.com/DesignSoftware/DesignSoftwareArticles/ArticleID/16973/Generative-Design-The-Road-to-Production.aspx

Generative Design Introductionhttps://medium.com/generative-design/generative-design-introduction-64fb2db38e1

The Alien Style of Deep Learning Generative Designhttps://medium.com/intuitionmachine/the-alien-look-of-deep-learning-generative-design-5c5f871f7d10

Students with Disabilities Statement:Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Policy StatementReasonable accommodations will be made for students with documented disabilities. In order to receive accommodations, students must go through the Center for Disability Resources office. The Center for Disability Resources (CDR) is located at 3424 S. State Street, Suite 1C3-2, Chicago, IL 60616 telephone 312 567.5744 or disabilities@iit.edu.

Arch 497-05 _ Analysis, Generative Design, Prototyping, and Fabrication_ Spring 2020Grading: Students will submit and present a written research problem worth 10% of the final gradeEach week students will submit progress work for that stage of the course, for example, analysis, design, fabrication, worth 30% of the final gradeAt Midterm students will present the analysis, design and fabrication stages of their research problem worth 30% of the final gradeFor the Final students will present the earlier stages along with the fabrication stage worth 30% of the final grade

Please note: attendance, completion and submission of all course work on time is the minimum requirement and does not mean that you will receive an A grade. All grades are subject to the grade judging criteria below:

Grades are determined by judging 4 different categories:Legibility - Make sure that your assignment submissions are clear and easy to read. Use spell check (all software apps have it). Your portal page should be neat and organized with assignment #’s labeled. (see past homework examples on course portal page)

Composition - In addition to being legible you should apply all the concepts of composition that you have previously learned. Some suggestions including but not limited to are: all line drawings must demonstrate good line weights, assignments should include title and drawing names, all text should be placed with good layout & scale.

Collaboration - You must work well with your team by providing input, creating and discussing goals, producing and executing a schedule etc...

Innovation - Expand upon the skill sets taught in the course and apply them to the assignments. Research additional learning resources found on the Internet and in Libraries. Create your own way to apply the software tools and concepts discussed in the course.

Rest of the page Intentionally left blank. See Course Schedule on next page.

Arch 497-05 _ Analysis, Generative Design, Prototyping, and Fabrication_ Spring 202014 Week Class Schedule

Class One: Course Introduction What is this course about? What are we trying to achieve? How will we achieve it? Class Two: Research Stage: Present possible research problems - LO1, LO3, LO4 (see learning goals below and on the next page) Students will work independently to Identify research problems that are VDF , Viable, Desirable, and Feasible.

Class Three: Research Stage: Present possible research problems - LO1, LO3, LO4 Students with similar research problems will form groups / teams to work together in.

Class Four: Analysis / Generative Design Stage: Define fixed and variable conditions - LO2 The entire analysis stage must be documented in detail.

Class Five: Analysis / Generative Design Stage: Generate endless design iterations - LO2

Class Six: Analysis / Generative Design Stage: Select multiple iterations to move forward with - LO2

Class Seven: Prototyping Stage: 3D Print selected iterations - LO2, LO4 The entire prototyping stage must be documented in detail.

Class Eight: Prototyping Stage: 3D Print selected iterations - LO2, LO4

Class Nine: Midterm Presentation - Student Teams will present all of the results from the stages above.

SPRING BREAK NO CLASS

Class Ten: Fabrication Stage: Research 3D Printing technologies outside of the University - LO3 Find an ‘outside partner’ to become a learning and development resource.

Class Eleven: Fabrication Stage: Develop a Fabrication strategy - LO2, LO4 The entire fabrication stage must be documented in detail.

Class Twelve: Fabrication Stage: Final Fabrication - LO2, LO4

Class Thirteen: Fabrication Stage: Final Fabrication - LO2, LO4

Class Fourteen: Final Presentation - Student Teams will present all of the results from the entire course.

I Course Core curriculum learning goals

LO1 Commitment to positive community changea) Identify and analyze contemporary issues and problemsb) Compare and contrast different points of view, both within and across cultures.

LO2 Critical and Innovative Thinkinga) Appropriately employ multiple quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis and evaluation.b) Employ the best available technology to achieve solutions.

LO3 Professional and Ethical Collaborationa) Work successfully with others within and across disciplines and cultures.b) Identify and discuss ethical issues.

Arch 497-05 _ Analysis, Generative Design, Prototyping, and Fabrication_ Spring 2020

LO4 Effective Communicationa) Speak and write appropriately within and across disciplines and cultures.b) Speak and write in a manner that does not require significant work by the audience to fill in needed information or to ignore linguistic distractions.c) Establish an objective and clearly and cohesively support it.

Course Narrative:The course is centered around using a prescribed software to analyze infinite solutions to a problem. The solutions are tied directly to a 3D Printed ‘product’. The end ‘product’ is not a scale model or a prototype. It is the solution in full scale. In this course full scale must fit in a 9” cube. In addition it is not made of a substitute or proxy material. It is 3D Printed using the actual material.

During the first two weeks students will work independently on identifying a contemporary issue. LO1 Students will be required to identify and research their issue at a minimum in the following ways. Identify an issue that they are passionate about, Conduct Internet research, make one meaningful connection with an expert in the student’s discipline and one meaningful connection outside of the student’s discipline meeting the ‘Multi-disciplinary’ pillar of the I Courses. LO3 Students will present their research twice; once during week two and a second time during week three meeting the ‘Communication’ pillar of the I courses. LO4

At the conclusion of class 03 students with similar research proposals but from different disciplines will form groups of 2,3,or 4. This will satisfy the ‘Teamwork’ and ‘Multi-disciplinary’ pillars of the I Courses. Working in teams students will further develop the research problem. This will conclude the research stage.

Moving forward the teams will begin the analysis stage using the prescribed software. The software Autodesk Generative Design will generate infinite solutions to the research problem. LO2 This will satisfy the ‘Open ended problem solving’ pillar of the I Courses. The analysis stage will last three weeks through class 06. Student teams will select several solutions to move forward with based on the team’s findings, peer feedback, and professor’s direction.

During the prototyping stage student teams will use the 3D Printers available in the Idea Shop. Also, During this phase student teams will be required to make meaningful connections with two outside 3D Printing services. The first service will be MHub and the second will be selected by the team. For example a team could select another local resource like 3D Printer Experience or Internet Service Bureaus like Shapeways. These meaningful connections will be utilized during the next phase.

The final stage is the fabrication stage. Student teams will continue to work together to produce the final ‘product’, a full scale, fully functional, solution to the research problem. Working closely with their meaningful connections the teams will develop a schedule and budget to ensure successful fabrication. Additionally the teams will need to be sure that any additional connection hardware to connect the 3D Printed parts are budgeted and purchased. Each team will produce documents that outline the entire research problem from conception to completion. These documents as well as the final product will be presented at I Course day. LO2, LO3, LO4

Notes on measuring success and communication: Each week students and teams will be required to complete weekly assignments. These assignments will be crafted to facilitate forward progression and development of the research problems. Each class students both individually and in teams will present their completed assignments, progress, and results. Many classes students and teams will present to the entire class creating an environment that encourages peer to peer feedback and develops peer to peer relationships further meeting the ’Communication’ and ‘Multi-disciplinary’ pillars of the I courses. Students and teams are required to document each stage in detail throughout the entire course. Each student and team will have a Internet course portal page to submit each weekly assignment. LO1, LO3, LO4