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OUTLINE
Dams
How grouting used in dams
Types of dams
Compare types of dams
Conclusion
Prep.by UĞUR ÖZ
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Structure of Dam
Heel
Gallery
Toe
Spillway(inside dam)
Crest
NWLNormalwater level
MWLMax. level
Free boardSluice way
Upstream Down stream
Prep.by UĞUR ÖZ
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HOW GROUTİNG İS USED İN DAMS???
Grout curtains are used under dams
where the foundation would otherwise
pass too much seepage, or pass
dangerous seepage. These curtains are
never completely water-tight; the
reduced amount of seepage passing
through them should be picked up in
drainage holes downstream of the
curtain.
Prep.by UĞUR ÖZ
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HOW GROUTİNG İS USED İN DAMS???
• Exaggerated example showing wide cracks
in a foundation emptying a dam where there
is no grout curtain. The seepage passes
underneath and emerges downstream.
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Grout penetrates
out from the
holes to provide a
more or less
continuous
'curtain' in the
foundation.
The grouting is often done before
constructing the dam
Prep.by UĞUR ÖZ
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When slight seepage
passes through the curtain it
should be picked up by a row
of drainage holes. These
discharge to a low pressure
region such as a gallery in the
dam. They provide a 'safety
valve' for the dam.
Prep.by UĞUR ÖZ
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TYPES OF DAMS
Concrete Dams
i. Concrete gravity dams
ii. Concrete arch dams
iii. Concrete buttress dams
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TYPES OF DAMS
Gravity Dams
• Made from concrete
ReservoirForce
uses a triangular cross-section and steep upstream face
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Arch Dams:
ARCH DAMS
These type of dams are concrete or masonry dams which are curved or convex upstream in plan
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Buttress dams have a concrete
face retaining the water; the face
is supported by buttresses at
intervals
Buttress Dam:
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Fill (Embankment) Dams
i. Earth dams
ii. Earth and rock fill dams
iii. Conrete faced rock fill dams
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EMBANKMENT DAMS
• They are massive dams made of earth and rock.
• Embankment dams are also armed with a dense, waterproof core that prevents water from seeping through the structure.
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Low cost
Materials are easy to find
Easy to build
Does not last as long as concrete dams
Advantages of Fill Dams
Disadvantage of Fill Dams
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Last longer than fill dams
Can not be washed away easily
More expensive
Advantages of Concrete
Dams
Disadvantage of ConcereteDams
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IN CONCLUSION
Dams don't last forever.
Hot and cold weather makes
them crack. Eventually, every
dam must be repaired, removed,
or replaced.
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