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Joint Research CentreThe European Commission’s science and knowledge service
APIs4DGov studyGovernment API strategies Workshop
17th – 18th October 2018
Lorenzino Vaccari, Monica Posada, Dimitris Mavridis and
Robin S. SmithJRC.B6, Digital Economy unit
The JRC and B6 Digital Economy Unit
• The Joint Research Centre (JRC) is the European Commission's science and knowledge service carrying out research to provide independent scientific advice and support to EU policies
• The JRC B6 Digital Economy Unit• Investigating how the on-going digital revolution
and Information and Communications Technologies are affecting the economy and the digital transformation of Governments
APIs4DGov study“Digital Government APIs. The road to value-added Open API-driven services” [10]
The study fossing on Web governmental API has started in January 2018 and lasts for two years. It will contribute to:
• The EU eGovernment Action Plan 2016-2020 [5], in particular its open government approach to modernise public administration
• The implementation of the European Interoperability Framework (e.g. actions of the focus area 4: “Develop, maintain and promote key interoperability enablers”) [11]
• The implementation of the Once Only Principle [7]
• The Building Block approach adopted in the Connecting European Facilities (CEF) programme [6]
Context: Aims of the revised PSI Directive
In respect of the continued existence to overcome barriers to the reuse of the PSI, among others, the revision* proposes to:
• Increase the availability of data by bringing new types of public and publicly funded data into the scope of the Directive, such as data held by public undertakings in the utilities and transport sectors and research data resulting from public funding
• Increase business opportunities by encouraging the dissemination of dynamic data via application programming interfaces (APIs)
*The proposal is now being discussed with the European Parliament and the Council.
APIs4DGovstudy
APIState of play
• Assess digital government APIs landscape, opportunities, current trends and horizons
APIAdded value
• Identify the key enablers, drivers, barriers, potential risks and mitigates
• Identify socio-economic impacts of data sharing, data-driven government services and APIs
APIFramework proposal
• Identify relevant ICT standards and specifications, select best practicesand develop recommendations
• Provide a set of policy recommendations and propose domains and thematic areas to focus on
1. Why governments should invest resources in setting up an API ecosystem?
2. Which government actions should be taken in developing government APIs?
Photo by Damian Patkowski on UnsplashState of play
State of Play: Multiple-case studies analysis
Denmark’s Addressers Web API (DAWA): A unique access point for the addresses in Denmark
Amsterdam city data: a single portal providing developers with a ReST API
Flanders Underground - Cable and Pipe Information Portal (KLIP): was created in 2007 following a gas explosion in 2004 caused loss of life.
Madrid MobilityLabs: an open and interoperable API based platform
Future Internetware(FIWARE): is an open platform which can be harnessed by developers to create and deliver smart, data-driven solutions, applications and services.
Estonia X-Road: is an API driven data exchange ecosystem platform that was initially developed between 1998 and 2001
Italian Digital Transformation Team: building a specific API project
Main findings
• API successfully used to share data both internally and externally
• Case studies show strong returns in terms of internal reorganization and unexpected external apps development and (economic) growth
• Because of the extreme evolution of the sector, a quick and fast delivery is considered better than extensive plan
• Lightweight standard(s) is/are required
Denmark Addresses Web API: ~1.5bn requests in 2017
Madrid Mobility Labs API: ~480m requests per year
Amsterdam City Data API: ~350m requests per year
Flanders Underground - Cable and Pipe Information Portal API:
~120m requests per year
When implemented, API usage is huge!
API successfully used to share data both internally and externally
Case studies show strong returns in terms of internal reorganization and unexpected external apps development and (economic) growth
APIs4DGov study
recent case studies
The list of identified EU government APIs
The list comes from different resources including:
• ProgrammableWebAPI directory
• Previous studies made by the European Commission
API registries
Programmable Web It's the most complete list of Private and Public APIs
https://www.programmableweb.com/category/all/apis ~20000
Mashape & Rapid API Private and Public APIs registry as a Marketplace
https://market.mashape.com/explorehttps://rapidapi.com/ ~8000
APIHarmony (IBM, experimental)
API Harmony currently lists APIs. Data stems from APIs.guru, from crawling the web, and from user-provided input
https://apiharmony-open.mybluemix.net/public 1179
APIs.io (Experimental)Experimental API Search service to help discover APIs on the web. The service uses the APIs.json proposed discovery format
http://apis.io/ 1143
APIsGuru (seems old) API tooling to help developers work with GraphQL and OpenAPI/Swagger https://apis.guru/browse-apis/ ~300
ProgrammableWeb directory
Mashape/RapidAPI marketplace
A public API registry (France) [9]
References
[1] http://inspire-geoportal.ec.europa.eu/
[2] http://www.geoportal.org/
[3] https://www.europeandataportal.eu
[4] https://www.plan4all.eu/api/
[5] https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/communication-eu-egovernment-action-plan-2016-2020-accelerating-digital-transformation
[6] https://ec.europa.eu/cefdigital/wiki/display/CEFDIGITAL/About+CEF+building+blocks
[7] https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/eu-wide-digital-once-only-principle-citizens-and-businesses-policy-options-and-their-impacts
[8] https://github.com/opengeospatial/WFS_FES
[9] https://api.gouv.fr/apis
[10] https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/new-study-digital-government-apis-apis4dgov-project
[11] https://ec.europa.eu/isa2/eif_en
[12] http://api.geodab.eu/dab/api-rest-docs/
[13] https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/runner/APIs4DGov-INSPIRE
[14] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fvoHAUbo1tg
[15] https://www.plan4all.eu/inspire-hackathon-2018/
[16] http://inspire-sandbox.jrc.ec.europa.eu/etf-webapp/swagger-ui.html
[17] https://goo.gl/iyokJv
[18] https://sensorup.com/iot/comparison-of-sensorthings-api-and-sensor-observation-service/
[19] https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/ministerial-declaration-egovernment-tallinn-declaration
Thanks!For more info: [email protected]