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Name: ______________________________________ Date: _____________ Block: _____

A&P Ch. 4 Study Guide – Tissues & Membranes 1. Cells, when grouped according to their structure, intercellular material, and function, are

called ____________________.

2. Name the four major types of tissues and their primary functions. a.

b.

c.

d.

3. Circle/highlight the mismatched pairs. a. Squamous/outer layer of skin

b. Cuboidal/lining of digestive tract

c. Columnar/part of the respiratory tract

d. Glandular/secrete hormones

e. Exocrine/thyroid gland

f. Endocrine/adrenal gland

4. In the glandular type of epithelial tissue there are two types of glands that secrete. Write EX next to exocrine glands and EN next to endocrine glands. a. _____ mammary gland

b. _____ thyroid gland

c. _____ sweat gland

d. _____ salivary gland

e. _____ adrenal gland

5. Complete the following statements in reference to muscle tissue.

a. Cardiac muscle tissue is ____________________ and involuntary; it makes up the

____________________ of the heart.

b. ____________________ muscle tissue is nonstriated and ____________________.

c. Skeletal muscle tissue is ____________________ and ____________________.

6. Fill in the missing terms in each of the following statements about membranes. a. ____________________ membranes are classified as mucous or serous depending on

their secretion.

b. The mucous membranes line ____________________ and spaces that lead to the outside

of the body.

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c. The type of secretion of the mucous membrane is mucus, which ____________________

and protects the lining, especially of the ____________________ tract.

d. The portion of serous membrane that covers the organs is called

____________________ lining, and the portion that lines the cavity is called

____________________.

e. Lining the thoracic cavity is the ____________________ membrane.

f. The ____________________ lining is in the heart cavity.

g. The lining of the abdominal cavity is the ____________________ membrane.

h. The connective membrane lining the joint cavity is ____________________.

7. Directions: Match each description with the correct type of tissue.

a. adipose tissue b. fasciae c. ligaments d. bone tissue

e. collagen f. simple squamous tissue g. vascular tissue h. areolar tissue

i. tendon j. elastin k. columnar epithelial tissue l. lymph tissue

1) _____ blood 2) _____ fibroblast 3) _____ elastic, single fibers 4) _____ tissue sheet that wraps around

muscle bundles 5) _____ flexible, white fibrous protein

6) _____ holds bones together at joints 7) _____ connects muscle to bone 8) _____ calcified by mineral salts 9) _____ fat 10) _____ lymphocytes and granulocytes

8. _____ The following tissue does not repair itself but is replaced with scar tissue:

a. muscle b. bone

c. heart d. nervous

9. _____ The type of tissue involved in a simple skin injury is: a. columnar epithelial b. cuboidal epithelial

c. ciliated columnar epithelial d. squamous epithelial

10. _____ In primary repair of deeper tissues, fibroblast cells help make new collagen fibers within: a. 24-48 hours b. 48-72 hours

c. 72-96 hours d. 96-120 hours

11. _____ In secondary repair, an open wound with large tissue loss heals by: a. the granulation process b. stratified squamous epithelial cells dividing c. capillary fluid drying and sealing the wound d. edges of the wound being sewn together

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12. _____ A bactericidal action helps to reduce the risk of infection by: a. reducing the number of bacteria b. destroying bacteria

c. keeping the area clean d. increasing blood supply to the area

13. Read and highlight the following passage about epithelial tissue & then color the

corresponding images on the next page:

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14. Name the type of tissue:

a. on the end of your nose: ________________________________________________ b. in the lining of your mouth: ______________________________________________ c. on your skin: _________________________________________________________ d. on the lobe of your ear: _________________________________________________ e. on your fingers: _______________________________________________________

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15. Read and highlight the following passage about cell types and tissues & then color the corresponding images on the next page:

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16. Using the choices below, correctly identify the major tissues types described. Enter the appropriate letter or tissue type term in the answer blanks. a. connective b. epithelium c. muscle d. nervous

1) _______________ Forms mucous, serous, and epidermal membranes

2) _______________ Allows for organ movements within the body

3) _______________ Transmits electrochemical impulses

4) _______________ Supports body organs

5) _______________ Cells of this tissue may absorb and/or secrete substances

6) _______________ Basis of the major controlling system of the body

7) _______________ The cells of this tissue shorten to exert force

8) _______________ Forms hormones

9) _______________ Packages and protects body organs

10) _______________ Characterized by having large amounts of nonliving matrix

11) _______________ Allows you to smile, grasp, swim, ski, and shoot an arrow

12) _______________ Most widely distributed tissue type in the body

13) _______________ Forms the brain and spinal cord

17. Using the choices below, identify the following specific type(s) of epithelial tissue. Enter the appropriate letter or classification term in the answer blanks.

a. pseudostratified columnar(ciliated) b. simple columnar c. simple cuboidal

d. simple squamous e. stratified squamous f. transitional

1) __________ Lines the esophagus and forms the skin epidermis

2) __________ Forms the lining of the stomach to the small intestine

3) __________ Best suited for areas subjected to friction

4) __________ Lines much of the respiratory tract

5) __________ Propels substances (e.g., mucus) across its surface

6) __________ Found in the bladder lining; peculiar cells that slide over one another

7) __________ Forms thin serous membranes; a single layer of flattened cells

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18. Read and highlight the following passage about connective, muscle & neural tissues & then color the corresponding images on the next page:

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19. Nervous tissue has two unique characteristics. Describe them.

20. Directions: Specify which vitamins (A, B, C, D, E, OR K) help in the healing processes below:

a. _____ This vitamin is necessary for healing bones because it enhances calcium absorption from food.

b. _____ This vitamin is important for the normal production of collagen and repair of connective tissue.

c. _____ This vitamin is helpful in the replacement of epithelial tissues, for example, in the lining of the respiratory tract.

d. _____ Thiamine, nicotinic acid, and riboflavin are vitamins of this group and generally promote the well-being of the individual.

e. _____ This vitamin aids in blood clotting and helps to prevent excessive blood loss. f. _____ This vitamin promotes healing by its action as an antioxidant protector.

21. Bridget has been vomiting for 10 hours. Her father brings her to the emergency room where

she is diagnosed with gastritis. The tissue involved in the inflammation of the stomach is

_________________________.

22. Mrs. Constant, age 85, resides in a Skilled Nursing Faculty. She complains of being cold even

though the temperature in the room is 76°F. Mrs. Constant may have lost some of her

subcutaneous fat, which is a part/type of _________________________ tissue.

23. Victoria has been exercising and lifting weights. Her right shoulder develops pain and

stiffness. The doctor states she has bursitis of the shoulder joint. The membrane lining the

shoulder joint is called _________________________.

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24. The three types of muscle tissue exhibit certain similarities and differences. Check the appropriate spaces in the following table to indicate which muscle type(s) exhibit each characteristic.

Characteristic Skeletal Cardiac Smooth

a. Voluntarily controlled b. Involuntarily controlled c. Banded appearance d. Single nucleus in each cell e. Multinucleate f. Found attached to bones g. Allows you to direct your eyeballs h. Found in the walls of the stomach, uterus, and arteries i. Contains spindle-shaped cells j. Contains cylindrical cells with branching ends k. Contains long, non-branching cylindrical cells l. Displays intercalated disks m. Concerned with locomotion of the body as a whole n. Changes the internal volume of an organ as it contracts o. Tissue of the circulatory pump p. Striated q. Allows manipulation of environment r. Contractions are rhythmic s. Contraction requires nerves (innervation) t. Non-striated 25. Circle/highlight the term that does not belong in each of the following groupings:

a. Collagen Cell Matrix Cell product b. Cilia Flagellum Microvilli Elastic fibers c. Glands Bones Epidermis Mucosae d. Adipose Hyaline Osseous Nervous e. Blood Smooth Cardiac Skeletal

26. Write the following terms in order from most basic to most complex. Then, provide at least

two examples for each: molecule, organ, tissue, compound, cell, organism, atom/ion, organ system, organelle

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27. Read, highlight & color the following page about epithelium:

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28. Read, highlight & color the following page about muscle tissue:

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29. Using the choices below, identify the following connective tissue types. Insert the appropriate letter of corresponding term in the answer blanks.

a. adipose connective tissue b. areolar connective tissue c. dense fibrous connective tissue

d. fibrocartilage e. osseous tissue f. hyaline cartilage

1) __________ Provides great strength through parallel bundles of collagenic fibers; found

in tendons 2) __________ Acts as a storage depot for fat 3) __________ Composes intervertebral discs & pubic symphysis 4) __________ Forms the body skeleton 5) __________ Composes the basement membrane and packages organs; includes a gel-like

matrix with all categories of fibers and many cell types 6) __________ Forms the embryonic skeleton and the surfaces of bones at the joints;

reinforces the trachea 7) __________ Provides insulation for the body 8) __________ Structurally amorphous matrix, heavily invaded with fibers; appears glassy

and smooth 9) __________ Contains cells arranged concentrically around a nutrient canal; matrix is hard

due to calcium salts 10) __________ Serves as attachment sites for skeletal muscles.

30. Body membranes, which cover body surfaces, line its cavities, and form protective sheets

around organs, fall into two major categories. These are epithelial membranes (skin epidermis, mucosae and serosae) and the connective tissue synovial membranes. Complete the following table relating to body membranes:

Membrane Tissue type (epithelial/connective)

Common locations Functions

Mucous

Serous

Cutaneous

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Synovial

31. Match the following muscle tissue types with the image(s) representing them: ________ cardiac muscle ________ skeletal muscle ________ smooth muscle

a.

b.

c.

d.

32. Compare and contrast primary repair & secondary repair: 33. Label the different components present in this tissue sample image:

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34. Read, highlight & color the following page about nervous tissue:

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35. Read, highlight & color the following page about fibrous connective tissue:

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36. Read, highlight & color the following page about supporting connective tissue:

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37. Read, highlight & color the following page about cavities & linings:

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38. Four simplified diagrams are shown below. Select different colors for the membranes listed below and use them to color the coding circles and the corresponding structures:

o Cutaneous membrane

o Mucosae

o Visceral pleura (serosa)

o Parietal pleura (serosa)

o Visceral pericardium (serosa)

o Parietal pericardium (serosa)

o Synovial membrane

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39. Match the following epithelial tissue types with the image(s) representing them:

________ simple squamous ________ simple cuboidal ________ simple columnar ________ pseudostratified columnar

________ stratified squamous ________ stratified cuboidal ________ stratified columnar ________ transitional

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

i.

j.

k.

l.

m.

n.

40. Match the following terms with their correct definition.

_____ Graft _____ Suture

_____ Scab _____ Cicatrix

_____ Clot

a. Contains tissue fragments and white blood cells b. To transport tissue into a body part to replace damaged tissue c. Dried capillary fluid that seals a wound d. Used to repair or close a deep wound e. Scar tissue

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41. Match the following connective tissue types with the image(s) representing them:

________ osseous ________ dense fibrous - general ________ adipose ________ dense fibrous - tendon ________ hyaline cartilage

________ areolar ________ dense fibrous - ligament ________ vascular ________ cartilage/chondroblasts

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

i.

j.

k.

42. Label the following image with the following terms: axon, dendrites, nucleus, cell body, nodes, myelin sheath, and terminal branches.

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43. Match the following membranes with the letters representing them on the image below:

a. _____ Pericardium b. _____ Nasal mucosa c. _____ Meninges

d. _____ Peritoneum e. _____ Gastric mucosa f. _____ Pleura

g. _____ Intestinal mucosa

44. On the image above, color mucous membranes yellow and serous membranes blue.