AN/TRC-170 TrainingAN/TRC-170 Training TRC 170 TROPO...Laptop and Overhead Projector, TM 11-5820-934-13-2, CSI Manual 142F009900-1 and AN/TRC-170(V)3 Training Student Studyguide METHODS

Student Studyguide

Unit 1 Basic Tropo Theory

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AN/TRC-170 Training 3week

AN/TRC-170 TrainingAN/TRCAN/TRC--170 Training170 Training

Unit 1Basic Troposcatter Theory

Unit 1Unit 1Basic Troposcatter TheoryBasic Troposcatter Theory

TITLE:Basic Troposcatter Theory

LEARNING OBJECTIVE:Action:

You will be able to describe the basic key concepts of the tropospheric scattering communications theory.

Conditions:You will be given an informal lecture on basic tropospheric scattering communications theory.

Standard:You will be able to correctly describe the basic key concepts of tropospheric scattering communications theory.

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS:Be aware of the possibility of electrical shock when working with electronic equipment

RISK ASSESSMENT:Low

RESOURCE NEEDS/REFERENCES:Communication System AN/TRC-170(V)3, PowerPoint Presentation “Unit 1”, Laptop and Overhead Projector, TM 11-5820-934-13-2, CSI Manual 142F009900-1 and AN/TRC-170(V)3 Training Student Studyguide

METHODS OF INSTRUCTION:Informal Lecture

TIME:0.5 Academic Hours

Student Studyguide


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AN/TRC 170 Training 2Basic Tropo Theory

Basic Troposcatter TheoryBasic Troposcatter TheoryBasic Troposcatter Theory

OverviewOverview•• EarthEarth’’s Atmospheres Atmosphere•• Troposcatter communicationsTroposcatter communications

•• Factors affectingFactors affecting

•• TakeTake--off angleoff angle•• DiversityDiversity

INTRODUCTION:ElapsedTime1. In this unit, we will cover basic tropospheric scattering communications theory.

OverviewEarth’s AtmosphereTroposcatter communications

Factors affectingTake-off angleDiversity

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Earth’s AtmosphereEarthEarth’’s Atmospheres Atmosphere

•• Troposphere: lowermost portion of the atmosphereTroposphere: lowermost portion of the atmosphere

•• Weather occurs in this layer of atmosphereWeather occurs in this layer of atmosphere

•• Weather and atmospheric changes affect the Weather and atmospheric changes affect the troposcatter signaltroposcatter signal

BODY:1. Overview:

In order to become familiar with troposcatter propagation, students should first be familiar with a few key terms and definitions, then learn how the atmosphere allows this type of communication to occur.

Students will see how weather factors affect this type of communication system and the steps that must be taken to diminish the adverse factors.

2. Layers of the Earth’s atmosphere Troposphere: • The lowermost portion of the Earth’s atmosphere. • It begins at the surface of the Earth and extends upwards. • All weather phenomena occur in this portion of the Earth’s atmosphere. • Approximately 75% of what we call the atmosphere is in this region. • We’re most interested in the water vapor and temperature changes that

occur in this region.

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Troposcatter CommunicationsTroposcatter CommunicationsTroposcatter Communications

•• Uses microwave radio to communicate through the Uses microwave radio to communicate through the atmosphere atmosphere ““OverOver--thethe--HorizonHorizon””

•• Signal can be scatteredSignal can be scattered

•• Signal can be diffractedSignal can be diffracted

•• Equipment can also be used in Equipment can also be used in ““LineLine--ofof--SightSight””

3. Troposcatter Communications

• The AN/TRC-170(V)3 troposcatter method uses a microwave radio to communicate through the lowest portion of the earth’s atmosphere, the troposphere. We can communicate up to 100 miles or sometimes more using this method, depending on circumstances. A microwave radio operates in the microwave frequency band. The microwave frequency band begins at 1,000 MHz (1 GHz).

• The troposphere scatters the microwave signal. The signal can also be diffracted when it bends around an obstacle.

• The AN/TRC-170(V)3 may also communicate using Line-of-Sight (LOS) microwave communication. Using the LOS method and equipment, the range is about 35 miles.

• It is important to understand that the signal loss caused by scattering and diffraction are large compared to the loss incurred in Direct Line of Sight microwave communication.

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Troposcatter CommunicationsTroposcatter CommunicationsTroposcatter Communications

Transmission of the signal is affected by:Transmission of the signal is affected by:•• Scattering: loss of signal into spaceScattering: loss of signal into space•• Fading: Short or long term variations in signal levelFading: Short or long term variations in signal level

•Here we will discuss several factors that affect troposcatter links. Later, we will learn how to minimize the effects of these factors.•When planning a troposcatter link, system link planners have to take all these factors into account.

Transmission of the signal is affected by:

• Scattering: Loss of signal into space• Fading: Variations in signal level

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Factors Affecting Troposcatter LinksFactors Affecting Troposcatter LinksFactors Affecting Troposcatter Links

ScatteringScattering•• Main part of signal is lostMain part of signal is lost•• Random phenomenonRandom phenomenon•• Only the refracted portion is useableOnly the refracted portion is useable

The main part of a troposcatter signal is lost and unusable. It continues out of the atmosphere and into space.

As the Radio Frequency energy travels through the atmosphere, it is subjected to scattering, which causes parts of the signal to come back down to Earth.

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Long Term Fading Long Term Fading –– Variations in Signal LevelVariations in Signal Level•• Caused by weather, seasonal changesCaused by weather, seasonal changes

Fading is a term used to describe variations in signal level. This can be short or long term. • Long term fading is due to seasonal variations in weather, for example, humidity reductions in

the winter months or rainy seasons. • Compensate for the effects of long term signal fading, by increasing the power output.

NOTE: If a tropo link doesn’t compensate for these factors, then the link will fade in and out too much to be useable.

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ShortShort--Term Fading: Sudden, unpredictable drops Term Fading: Sudden, unpredictable drops in signal for 0.03 in signal for 0.03 –– 3 sec3 sec•• Ex: Frequency Selective FadingEx: Frequency Selective Fading

Short Term Fading: describes a phenomenon where parts of the signal fade suddenly and unpredictably. In this case it happens so quickly and unpredictably that increased power output will not compensate for it.

Frequency Selective Fading

• Different frequencies fade at different points in time. • This may cause parts of the wanted signal to fade, while other parts of the signal

remain strong. • The signal can effectively disappear for a moment or two during a short term fade.• The equipment compensates for this. We will talk more about ways to compensate for

short term fading and other phenomenon in later units.

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Take-off AngleTakeTake--off Angleoff Angle

•• TakeTake--off Angle is the angle the antenna has to be set at off Angle is the angle the antenna has to be set at in order to transmit over the horizon.in order to transmit over the horizon.

•• Normal takeNormal take--off angles for troposcatter links range from off angles for troposcatter links range from 00--5 degrees.5 degrees.

4. Takeoff Angle:

• Take-off angle: Describes the angle at which the antenna has to be set to in order to transmit over the horizon. Normal take off angles for troposcatter links range from 0 to 5 degrees.

• The higher the takeoff angle, the lower the signal will be at the distant end. • The antenna is usually set at a slightly positive angle with reference to the local

horizontal. In some cases, the angle can be slightly negative, or downward pointing.

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DiversityDiversityDiversity

•• Diversity helps to overcome fadingDiversity helps to overcome fading•• Combines two or more signalsCombines two or more signals•• Signals have independent pathsSignals have independent paths•• The signals may arrive at different times or arrive The signals may arrive at different times or arrive

stronger/weakerstronger/weaker

5. Diversity• The best way to mitigate the affects of short term fading is through the use of diversity

techniques. • Diversity is a technique which improves the total receive signal over any single path by

combining two or more independent paths.• Independent paths are ones in which the characteristics of the receive signal from each

path are different at any given point in time. • Since diversity paths will not have the same characteristics, they will probably not fade

at the same time. The advantage of combining them results in having a combined signal that does not fade.

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Angle DiversityAngle DiversityAngle Diversity

•• Diversity reception in which beyondDiversity reception in which beyond--thethe--horizon horizon troposcatter signals are received at slightly different troposcatter signals are received at slightly different angles. angles.

•• The equipment combines the paths in order to prevent The equipment combines the paths in order to prevent signal loss or degradation.signal loss or degradation.

a. Angle Diversity

• A diversity reception in which beyond-the-horizon troposcatter signals are received at slightly different angles.

• Uses one antenna at each end of a tropo link for both transmit and receive .• The antennas have an offset feed that have different look angles.• The main feeds are used for transmit and receive, the offset feed is used for receive

only.• The equipment combines the paths in order to prevent signal loss or degradation.

.

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Space DiversitySpace DiversitySpace Diversity

•• Uses 2 antennas at each end Uses 2 antennas at each end of a tropo linkof a tropo link

•• Improves the receive signal Improves the receive signal over any single pathover any single path

•• Requires 100 wavelength Requires 100 wavelength separationseparation

• One antenna is used for transmit and receive, and the second for receive only.

Receive

Transmit& Receive

Receive

Transmit& Receive

Transmit

Signal

b. Space Diversity

• Space Diversity uses more than one antenna at each end of a tropo link. (Normally 2 antennas are used). One is used for transmit and receive, and the second is only used for receive.

• Requires 100 wavelength separation between antennas• Requires only one transmitter and one transmit frequency at each end.

The AN/TRC-170 (V)3 microwave radio uses dual antennas

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Frequency DiversityFrequency DiversityFrequency Diversity

•• Uses one antenna at each endUses one antenna at each end•• Uses two frequencies at each end.Uses two frequencies at each end.

Transmit

& Receive Transmit

& Receive

TransmittingTx1 & Tx2

ReceivingRx1 & Rx2

Transmit

Signal

c. Frequency Diversity

• Frequency Diversity is another kind of diversity where the signal is transmitted using different frequencies on the same antenna.

• Requires two transmit frequencies at each end of the link.• Reliability and performance are the same as Space Diversity.• Wastes the radio spectrum and increases the possibilities of interference.

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Questions?Questions?Questions?

SUMMARY:

1. During this lesson students you received an introduction to basic key concepts of tropospheric scattering communications theory.

2. Ask the instruction questions to clarify any misunderstandings.

THE END

1

Unit 2 Intro to TRC-170

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Student Studyguide

AN/TRC-170(V)3 TrainingAN/TRCAN/TRC--170(V)3 Training170(V)3 Training

Unit 2Introduction to the AN/TRC-170

Unit 2Unit 2Introduction to the AN/TRCIntroduction to the AN/TRC--170170

TITLE:Introduction to the AN/TRC-170(V)3 Digital Troposcatter Communications System


You will be able to describe the purpose, capabilities, and major components of the AN/TRC-170(V)3.

Conditions:You will be given an informal lecture on the purpose, capabilities, and general description of the major components of the AN/TRC-170(V)3.

Standard:You will be able to correctly describe the key concepts of the purpose, capabilities, and major components of the AN/TRC-170(V)3.


RISK ASSESSMENT:Low

RESOURCE NEEDS/REFERENCES:Communication System AN/TRC-170(V)3, PowerPoint Presentation “Unit 2”, Laptop

and Overhead Projector, TM 11-5820-934-13-2, CSI Manual 142F009900-1 and AN/TRC-170(V)3 Training Student Studyguide



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AN/TRC-170(V)3 Training 2Intro to TRC-170

Introduction to the AN/TRC-170(V)3Introduction to the AN/TRCIntroduction to the AN/TRC--170(V)3170(V)3

Objectives:Objectives:•• PurposePurpose•• Capabilities and LimitationsCapabilities and Limitations•• Major components of the AN/TRCMajor components of the AN/TRC--170(V)3 170(V)3

Digital Troposcatter Communications System Digital Troposcatter Communications System (TRC(TRC--170) 170)

INTRODUCTION:

Elapsed TimeDuring this period of instruction, you will be given a overview of the purpose, capabilities

and limitations, and general descriptions of the major components of the AN/TRC-170(V)3 Digital Troposcatter Communications System. Understanding this information will provide the base which will enable you to become proficient AN/TRC-170(V)3 operators.

Objectives:• Describe purpose of the AN/TRC-170(V)3 • Describe AN/TRC-170(V)3 capabilities and limitations • Identify AN/TRC-170(V)3 major components

You will learn the following: • The AN/TRC-170(V)3 is a transportable, self-enclosed troposcatter terminal

(multichannel) capable of transmitting and receiving digital data over varying distances (up to 100 miles).

• This terminal is comprised of modular electronic equipment in various configurations with GFE multiplexers and cryptographic items all housed in a modified S-250/G shelter.

• The QRA is included as part a a AN/TRC-170(V)3. It is trailer mounted and contains a “pop-up” dual antenna for space

diversity operation. • The legacy configuration (non-upgraded) is limited to 4.608 Mbps of data. • The Upgraded Modem configuration will handle 16.384 Mbps of data.

There will be an academic evaluation at the end of this lesson.

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Purpose of the AN/TRC-170(V)3Purpose of the AN/TRCPurpose of the AN/TRC--170(V)3170(V)3

•• Air or Ground TransportableAir or Ground Transportable•• Tropospheric Scatter Microwave Radio TerminalTropospheric Scatter Microwave Radio Terminal•• Secure Digital TrunkingSecure Digital Trunking•• All Major Units are Rack MountedAll Major Units are Rack Mounted

BODY: A. Purpose of the AN/TRC-170(V)3: The AN/TRC-170(V)3 is an air or ground

Transportable Tropospheric Scatter microwave Terminal. 1. Air or Ground Transportable:

• The radio system can also be transported by any cargo aircraft capable of transporting a HUMVEE.

• The radio system is mounted (bolted on to the frame) of a heavy duty HUMVEE.

• The antenna is part of a M116A2 trailer and is towed behind the HUMVEE. 2. Tropospheric Scatter Microwave Radio Terminal:

• This radio system uses troposcatter propagation to transmit and receive data.

• The radio system can operate as a Line of Sight or as a Tropo Scatter radio.3. Secure Digital Trunking: This radio system provides secure voice and data circuits.

• It also provides secure digital trunking between major nodes of a communications network.

• It can interface with Tri-Service Tactical Area Communications (TRI-TAC) and other current inventory assemblages of multiplexing equipment or various switches.

• It also provides a link to support dedicated traffic to include analog and digital voice, point to point subscriber circuits, facsimile, and teletype or telemetry circuits.

4. All major units are rack mounted in the shelter.

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This is the exterior view of the AN/TRC-170(V)3.

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Shelter ExteriorShelter ExteriorShelter Exterior

RoadRoad--sideside CurbCurb--sideside

• Actual photos of the AN/TRC-170(V)3 shelter, are pictured here. • Road-side view (left) and Curb-side (right) view of the shelter.

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Shelter InteriorShelter InteriorShelter Interior

RoadRoad--sideside CurbCurb--sideside

Rear Front Rear Front RearRear

Road-side (left) and Curb-side (right) shelter interior. Rear and front sides are also labeled.

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Capabilities and LimitationsCapabilities and LimitationsCapabilities and Limitations

•• Frequency Range: 4.4 Frequency Range: 4.4 –– 5.0 GHz5.0 GHz

•• Transmission Range: 100 milesTransmission Range: 100 miles

100 miles100 miles

B. Capabilities and Limitations1. Frequency Range

• The TRC operates in the frequency range of 4.4 to 5.0 GHz. • The occupied frequency band is 3.5 or 7 MHz. Selectable via a toggle

switch. This is for the DAR Modem.• The CS6716 Modem occupied frequency band is 7 or 12 MHz • The OAC-170D is used for additional filtering (sensitivity) 2.0 or 3.5

MHz.

2. Transmission Range• Transmission range is up to 100 miles for this equipment. • This is the effective range over which one can expect to establish

reliable troposcatter links using this equipment.

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Output PowerOutput Power•• Tropo Maximum 2 Kilowatts (kW)Tropo Maximum 2 Kilowatts (kW)•• Tropo Nominal 1 kWTropo Nominal 1 kW•• Line of Sight minimum .4wLine of Sight minimum .4w

3. Output PowerThis is the power out of the antenna and depends on the mission requirements.

a. Tropo Maximum output power is 2 kW. This is obtained by NOT using the gain compression circuitry.

b. Tropo Nominal output power is rated at 1 kW. This rating is the normal maximum output power level obtained from a

AN/TRC-170(V)3.

c. Line of Sight (LOS) output power is rated at 0.4 watt.

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•• Data BandwidthData Bandwidth•• Antenna GainAntenna Gain•• DiversityDiversity

4. Data Bandwidth• The data bandwidth rating of the AN/TRC-170(V)3 is 128 kbps to 4608

kbps. • This rating is from a non-upgraded shelter. • The upgraded AN/TRC-170(V)3 can handle up to 16384 kbps.

5. Antenna gain• Antenna Gain of the 6’ parabolic dish is 36.5 decibels (dBi).

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Diversity ModesDiversity ModesDiversity Modes

NonNon--DiversityDiversity•• All AN/TRCAll AN/TRC--170 versions are capable of Non170 versions are capable of Non--

diversitydiversityDual DiversityDual Diversity•• All AN/TRCAll AN/TRC--170 versions are capable of Dual170 versions are capable of Dual--

diversitydiversityQuadQuad--DiversityDiversity•• Only the AN/TRCOnly the AN/TRC--170(V)2 is capable of Quad170(V)2 is capable of Quad--

diversitydiversity

6. Diversity Modes• Non-Diversity: All AN/TRC-170 versions are capable of Non-diversity• Dual Diversity: All AN/TRC-170 versions are capable of Dual-diversity• Quad-Diversity: Only the AN/TRC-170(V)2 is capable of Quad-diversity

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Non-DiversityNonNon--DiversityDiversity

Transmit& Receive Transmit

& Receive

Transmitting Receiving

TransmitSignal

Non-Diversity• All versions of the TRC-170 can operate in this mode. • Effective for Line of Sight (LOS) shots - approximately 35 miles.• In LOS mode each antenna HAS to have a clear, unobstructed view (shot) to the other

antenna.

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Dual DiversityDual DiversityDual Diversity

Receive

Transmit& Receive

Receive

Transmit& Receive

Transmit

Signal

Dual-Diversity:• All versions of the AN/TRC-170 can operate in this mode. • One transmit / receive antenna and one receive only.

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TRC-170(V)3 System Block DiagramTRCTRC--170(V)3 System Block Diagram170(V)3 System Block Diagram

This system block diagram is for the unmodified (Legacy) version of the radio.

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Major ComponentsMajor ComponentsMajor Components

•• TransmitterTransmitter•• ReceiverReceiver•• CS6716 Modem UpgradeCS6716 Modem Upgrade•• Digital Voice Orderwire (DVOW) with KYDigital Voice Orderwire (DVOW) with KY--5858•• Quick Reaction AntennaQuick Reaction Antenna

C. Major Components of the AN/TRC-170(V)3• Transmitter• Receiver• CS6716 Modem Upgrade• DAR Modem Equipment• Digital Voice Orderwire (DVOW) with KY-58• Quick Reaction Antenna

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TRC-170(V)3 Transmitter Block DiagramTRCTRC--170(V)3 Transmitter Block Diagram170(V)3 Transmitter Block Diagram

C. Major Components of the AN/TRC-170(V)3• Transmitter• Receiver• CS6716 Modem Upgrade• DAR Modem Equipment• Digital Voice Orderwire (DVOW) with KY-58• Quick Reaction Antenna

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TransmitterTransmitterTransmitter

Rear Rear FrontFront

RoadsideRoadsideHigh Power Amplifier (HPA)High Power Amplifier (HPA)

Dual RF SynthesizerDual RF Synthesizer

UpUp--converterconverter

1. Transmitter: This is a brief summary of the transmitter function, not a complete breakdown of the equipment.

AN/TRC-170(V)3a. High Power Amplifier (HPA): 1 per shelter

• Receives Radio Frequency signal from Up-Converter and amplifies it for transmission.

• In the line of sight (LOS) mode of operation, the signal from the Up-Converter bypasses the high power circuitry and is routed to the output filter in the HPA.

b. Up-converter: 1 per shelter• Converts 70 MHz Intermediate Frequency (IF) output of the modem to C- Band

and then amplifies and filters the RF to the High Power Amplifier.

c. Dual RF Synthesizer: 1 per shelter• Provides stable outputs in the 4.4 to 5.0 GHz range, those outputs supply the

local oscillator signals to the up-converter.

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TRC-170(V)3 Receiver Block DiagramTRCTRC--170(V)3 Receiver Block Diagram170(V)3 Receiver Block Diagram

NoiseSource

3A4

FrequencySynthesizer

3A2 Down Converter

No 3

RAAM

Down Converter

No 1

Alarm Monitor Panel7A2

IF Test Panel7A5

AZ/ELSensor

AntennaNo 1

AntennaNo 2

H

H

AZ/EL

RSLAZ/EL

SynthFaultTo Alarm MonitorFO-41

RF Noise

LO

RCV-3 RF

RCV-1 RF

RCV-3 IF

RCV-1 IF

Up ConvInhibit

Conv FaultConfig(Noise) toAlarm MonitorFO-41

RSL

CONFIG (LPBK)To Alarm MonitorFO-41

TX IF-Test From ModulatorFO-35

RCVR-1 IF

RCVR-3 IF

To Demod

LO

This is the receiver block diagram.

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ReceiverReceiverReceiverDownDown--converter converter (2 per shelter)(2 per shelter)output 70 MHzoutput 70 MHz

Dual RF Synthesizer Dual RF Synthesizer (1 per shelter)(1 per shelter)output 4.4 to 5.0 GHzoutput 4.4 to 5.0 GHz

2. Receiver: This is a brief summary of the receive function, not a complete breakdown of the receiver equipment.

AN/TRC-170(V)3a. Down-converter: 2 per shelter (each down-converter has 2 identical outputs)

• Provides pre-selection, post-selection, and amplification of the received RF signal.

• The output of the down-converter is the 70 MHz IF signal.

b. Dual RF Synthesizer: 1 per shelter• Provides stable outputs in the 4.4 to 5.0 GHz range, those outputs supply

local oscillator signals to the down-converters.

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CS6716 Modem UpgradeCS6716 Modem UpgradeCS6716 Modem Upgrade

•• IF DATA Patch PanelIF DATA Patch Panel•• CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem•• VersaMuxVersaMux™ 40004000•• Oscillator Amplifier Oscillator Amplifier

Converter (OAC) Converter (OAC) --170D170D•• 48 Volts Direct Current 48 Volts Direct Current

(VDC) Power Supply(VDC) Power Supply

CurbsideCurbside

Front RearFront Rear

AN/TRC-170(V)3

3. CS6716 Modem Upgrade: • 1 Modem upgrade kit installed per V3

Components:• IF DATA Patch Panel• CS6716 Modem• VersaMux™ 4000• Oscillator Amplifier Converter (OAC)-170D• 48 Volts Direct Current (VDC) Power Supply

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IF Data Patch PanelIF Data Patch PanelIF Data Patch Panel

IF SectionIF Section Data SectionData Section Orderwire Orderwire SectionSection

4. IF Data Patch Panel: 1 per sheltera. IF Sectionb. Data Sectionc. Orderwire (OW) Section

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CS6716 ModemCS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

Alarm and Status

Indicators

Keypad Alphanumeric Display

a. CS6716 Modem: 1 per shelter.Provides a full duplex interface supporting a high-speed user Channel and a digital

service channel

NOTE: CS6716 Modem has a similar menu structure as the AN/FCC-100 Multiplexer (military equipment)

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CS6716 ModemCS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

With the access panel openedWith the access panel opened

(display board)(display board)

View of the modem with the access panel opened.

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VersaMux™ 4000 front panelVersaMuxVersaMux™™ 4000 front panel4000 front panel

Display LEDsDisplay LEDs

Keypads Keypads PowerPower

b. VersaMux™ 4000:• 1 per shelter• Provides ability to multiplex up to 4 input groups into a single aggregate group using

time division multiplexing (TDM).• Each input group can be either a fiber optic or conditioned di-phase (CDI) interface. • The total data from the four groups cannot exceed the aggregate data rate of 16.384

Mbps.

Note:• Display

2 lines by 16 characters• Keypads

Left, Right, Up & Down arrow keysENTER key

• LEDsPOWERAGGRCLK REFPORTSFAULT

• Power Switch

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VersaMux™ 4000 back panel VersaMuxVersaMux™™ 4000 back panel 4000 back panel

VersaMux™ 4000 showing the port numbering system. There are five ports: • Ports 1 thru 4 are identical.• Port 5 is the aggregate port..

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OAC-170DOACOAC--170D170D

Oscillator Amplifier Converter (OAC)Oscillator Amplifier Converter (OAC)•• 1 per shelter1 per shelter

•• Contains 4 IF amplifiers Contains 4 IF amplifiers

•• Selectable IF filter bandwidthsSelectable IF filter bandwidths

•• Contains redundant oscillatorsContains redundant oscillators

Gain Adjusts Filter bandwidth Oscillator SelectGain Adjusts Filter bandwidth Oscillator Select

Oscillator Amplifier Converter (OAC-170D): • 1 per shelter• Contains four IF Amplifiers with gain adjustment which provides required input level for

modem • Provides selectable IF Filter bandwidths • High-Stability Redundant 10 MHz Rubidium reference outputs for modem and

VersaMux™ 4000• Automatic or manual Switches of redundant Oscillators

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48 volt power supply48 volt power supply48 volt power supply

•• With 2 separate power supply modulesWith 2 separate power supply modules•• Hot swappableHot swappable

d. 48 Volts Direct Current (VDC) Power Supply: 1 per shelterRedundant Hot-Swappable power supplies have current sharing capabilities for

normal operation.

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DAR EquipmentDAR EquipmentDAR Equipment

4. Distortion Adaptive Receiver (DAR) Equipment: Original tropo modem and multiplexing equipment fielded in the TRC-170.

a. DAR Tropo Modem: 1 per shelter• Provides up to 4608 kbps data rate.• Provides a full duplex interface with a digital orderwire

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Digital Group MultiplexDigital Group MultiplexDigital Group Multiplex

Baseband PPBaseband PP

LGMLGM

GMGM

TGMTGM

LGMLGM

b. DAR Digital Group Multiplex Equipment: Original multiplexing equipment fielded in the legacy TRC-170s.

1. Loop Group Multiplexer: 2 per shelter• Provides up to 16 analog or digital channels operating at 16 or 32 KHz at data

rates up to 576KHz.

2. Group Modem: 1 per shelter, • 4 modems per Group Modem assembly.• Functions as a full duplex protocol converter, converting Conditioned Diphase

(CDI) to NRZ in one direction and NRZ to CDI in the other.

3. Trunk Group Multiplexer: 1 per shelter, • Combines up to 4 groups of data from the LGMs and GMs and forms an

aggregate signal.

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Digital Voice Orderwire (DVOW) with KY-58Digital Voice Orderwire (DVOW) Digital Voice Orderwire (DVOW) with KYwith KY--5858

5. Digital Voice Orderwire (DVOW) with KY-58• The DVOW provides a secure orderwire circuit for link alignment, equipment

status and troubleshooting purposes. • The DVOW operates with the KY-58 encryption device.

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Quick Reaction Antenna (QRA)Quick Reaction Antenna (QRA)Quick Reaction Antenna (QRA)

The antenna is built The antenna is built onto the trailer chassisonto the trailer chassis

6. Quick Reaction Antenna (QRA)• The QRA is a trailer-mounted, dual-antenna, parabolic dish antenna system. • It is mobile (towed) and relatively easy to set up. • A trained 2-person crew can set one up in 45 minutes.

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Quick Reaction AntennaQuick Reaction AntennaQuick Reaction Antenna

•• M116A2 Trailer ChassisM116A2 Trailer Chassis•• 6 ft (180 cm) Parabolic Dish Reflectors6 ft (180 cm) Parabolic Dish Reflectors

a. M116A2 Trailer Chassis• The antenna system is built as part of the trailer chassis. • It can not be physically removed from the trailer itself. • All antenna components are stored on the trailer.

b. 6 FT (180 cm) Parabolic Dish Reflectors• The gain of the QRA reflectors is 36.5 decibels (dBi). • These reflectors are a one piece system and are also stored on the trailer chassis.

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Student Studyguide



SUMMARY:• During this lesson you received an introduction to the purpose, capabilities, and a

general description of the major components of the AN/TRC-170(V)3 Digital Troposcatter Communications System.

• Ask the instructor questions to clarify any misunderstandings.

THE END

Student Studyguide

Unit 3Major Systems and Functions

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Unit 3Unit 3Major Systems and FunctionsMajor Systems and Functions

TITLE: Major Systems and Functions

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:Action:

You will be able to describe the mission data signal flow through the AN/TRC-170(V)3 Digital Troposcatter Communications System and identify each component that the user mission data signal passes through and what it does to or for the signal.

Conditions:You will be given an informal lecture on the mission data signal flow through the AN/TRC-170(V)3 and descriptions each component that the user mission data signal passes through and what it does to or for the signal.

Standard: You will be able to correctly describe the key concepts of the mission data signal flow through the AN/TRC-170(V)3 and identify each component that the user mission data signal passes through and what it does to or for the signal.


RISK ASSESSMENT:Low

RESOURCE NEEDS/REFERENCES:Communication System AN/TRC-170(V)3, PowerPoint Presentation “Unit 3”, Laptop and Overhead Projector, TM 11-5820-934-13-2, CSI Manual 142F009900-1 and AN/TRC-170(V)3 Student Studyguide



Student Studyguide


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AN/TRC-170(V)3 Training 2Major Systems and Functions

Major Systems and FunctionsMajor Systems and FunctionsMajor Systems and Functions

ObjectivesObjectives•• Signal flow through the AN/TRCSignal flow through the AN/TRC--170(V)3170(V)3

•• Transmit PathTransmit Path•• Receive PathReceive Path•• Orderwire PathOrderwire Path•• Distortion Adaptive Receiver (DAR) Modem Variant Distortion Adaptive Receiver (DAR) Modem Variant

signal pathssignal paths

•• Components the mission data signal passes Components the mission data signal passes through and what it does to/for the signal through and what it does to/for the signal

INTRODUCTION:

Elapsed Time

During this period of instruction, you will be given an overview of the mission data signal flow through the AN/TRC-170(V)3. We will cover each component that the user mission datasignal passes through and what it does to, or for the signal. We will cover the transmit signal path, receive signal path, orderwire signal path and Distortion Adaptive Receiver (DAR) Modem Variant signal path. Understanding this information will provide the base which will enable you to become proficient AN/TRC-170(V)3 operators.

Objectives:Describe signal flow through the AN/TRC-170(V)3

• Transmit Path• Receive Path• Orderwire Path• Distortion Adaptive Receiver (DAR) Modem Variant path

Identify each component the mission data signal passes through and what the component does to or for the signal


Student Studyguide


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Transmit Path Signal Flow and ComponentsTransmit Path Signal Flow and Transmit Path Signal Flow and ComponentsComponentsOverviewOverview•• Provides a path for the user signal from the Provides a path for the user signal from the

Shelter Interface Panel all the way to the Shelter Interface Panel all the way to the Transmit antennaTransmit antenna

•• Up to 4 group inputs from 8 possible Up to 4 group inputs from 8 possible connectionsconnections

•• Provides signal conditioning, filtering and Provides signal conditioning, filtering and amplificationamplification

BODY:A. Transmit Path signal flow and components

1. Overviewa. Provides a path for the user mission data signal from the Shelter Interface Panel

(SIP) all the way to the Transmit antennab. Up to 4 group inputs from 8 possible connections at the SIP. Up to 4 groups of

CDI or FO traffic may be connected.c. Provides signal conditioning, filtering and amplification

Student Studyguide


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Transmit Path Signal Flow and Components Transmit Path Signal Flow and Transmit Path Signal Flow and Components Components •• Shelter Interface Shelter Interface

PanelPanel•• VersaMuxVersaMux™™ 40004000•• IF Data Patch PanelIF Data Patch Panel•• CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem•• IF Data Patch PanelIF Data Patch Panel•• Troposcatter Radio Troposcatter Radio

upup--converterconverter•• High Power AmplifierHigh Power Amplifier•• AntennaAntenna

This is the upgraded modem block diagram.

Transmit path:• Shelter Interface Panel (SIP)• VersaMux™ 4000• IF Data Patch Panel• CS6716 Modem• IF Data Patch Panel• Troposcatter Radio up-converter• High Power Amplifier• Antenna

Student Studyguide


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Transmit Path – Shelter Interface PanelTransmit Path Transmit Path –– Shelter Interface PanelShelter Interface Panel

Conditioned DiConditioned Di--phase phase

Fiber OpticFiber Optic

2. Shelter Interface Panel (SIP) Connectionsa. Conditioned Di-phase

4 CX-11230 cable connectors on SIPb. Fiber Optic

4 CX-11295 cable connectors on SIP

Student Studyguide


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Transmit Path – VersaMux™ 4000Transmit Path Transmit Path –– VersaMuxVersaMux™™ 40004000

•• Multiplexes inputs from SIPMultiplexes inputs from SIP•• Non Return to Zero (NRZ) outputNon Return to Zero (NRZ) output•• Aggregate rate up to 16 MbpsAggregate rate up to 16 Mbps•• Relay Pass Through ModeRelay Pass Through Mode•• Protocol ConverterProtocol Converter

FrontFront

RearRear

3. VersaMux™ 4000a. The VersaMux multiplexes up to 4 inputs of 8 possible from SIP into an aggregate

output. The VersaMux takes up to 4 trunk group inputs from the SIP and multiplexes it into

a single aggregate signalb. Non Return to Zero (NRZ) output (the signal varies but will never equal zero)

The VersaMux accepts FO and CDI inputs and converts them to a NRZ output.c. Aggregate rate up to 16 Mbps

Data rates may vary from 2 Mbps to 16 Mbpsd. Relay Pass Through Mode

Any of the 4 Port Inputs can be configured for relay pass through mode. In this mode the port selected can pass the aggregate signal.

e. Protocol Converter The Protocol converter function changes CDI to NRZ Formats.

Student Studyguide


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Transmit Path – IF Data Patch PanelTransmit Path Transmit Path –– IF Data Patch PanelIF Data Patch Panel•• Monitor & ControlMonitor & Control•• TED patchTED patch

IF SectionIF Section Data SectionData SectionOrderwire SectionOrderwire Section

TED PatchTED Patch

DAR DAR OrderwireOrderwire

MonitorMonitor ControlControl

Hard wiredHard wired

4. IF Data Patch Panela. IF Section

1. Connects signal from CS6716 or DAR Modem to Tropo Radio up-converter2. Patching is done via U-Link inserted vertically into Patch Panel.

b. Data Section1. Normal through for CS6716 Modem2. Ethernet connection available3. RS-232 connection for Maintenance and Control

c. Orderwire (OW) Section1. Normal through for CS6716 Modem2. Connects OW to DAR using patch

d. Trunk Encryption Device (TED) patch1. For encrypting / de-encrypting of mission data2. TED is patched between the VersaMux and the CS6716

Student Studyguide


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Transmit Path – CS6716 ModemTransmit Path Transmit Path –– CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

•• High speed, Digital Adaptive ModemHigh speed, Digital Adaptive Modem•• Duplex InterfaceDuplex Interface•• Adaptive Link Power ControlAdaptive Link Power Control•• Fully RedundantFully Redundant•• Intermediate Frequency (IF) OutputIntermediate Frequency (IF) Output

5. CS6716 Modema. High speed, Digital Adaptive Modemb. Duplex Interface

1. User Channel is Turbo Product Code (TPC) encoded• Improves BER• Approximately 5% overhead• RS-422 or HSSI

2. Digital service channel • RS-422• No TPC encoding

c. Adaptive Link Power Control1. Automatically controls transmitted RF power2. Minimizes output power3. Reduces the possibility of interference

d. Fully RedundantAutomatically switches to standby modem

Supporting info:

Modem will not swap if a major fault is already detected in the standby module or if the modem is not in the auto mode. The modem printed circuit board cards (PCBs) are hot swappable (can be swapped without powering off the modem). However, the slide switches on each individual PCB must be off before removing and replacing. Upon replacement, the slide switches must be turned on again.

e. Intermediate Frequency Output 1. 70 MHz Frequency2. QPSK Modulation

Student Studyguide


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Transmit Path –Troposcatter Radio Up-converterTransmit Path Transmit Path ––Troposcatter Radio UpTroposcatter Radio Up--converterconverter

•• Inputs Inputs –– LO & IFLO & IF•• UpUp--convertsconverts•• Radio Frequency (RF) outputRadio Frequency (RF) output

6. Troposcatter Radio up-convertera. Inputs

1. IF from modem 2. LO from Dual RF Synthesizer

b. Up-converts1. Mixes IF with LO2. Tuneable Filter dialed to RF frequency to filter out mixing components3. Amplifies filtered signal

c. Radio Frequency (RF) output1. Tropo Mode sent to High Power Amplifier for power amplification2. Line of Sight Mode bypasses the High Power circuitry and is sent to the

transmit waveguide after leaving the HPA

Student Studyguide





Transmit Path – High Power Amplifier (HPA)Transmit Path Transmit Path –– High Power Amplifier (HPA)High Power Amplifier (HPA)

•• 2 Kilowatt (kW) maximum2 Kilowatt (kW) maximum•• 1 kW nominal with gain 1 kW nominal with gain

compressioncompression•• High Voltage Power SupplyHigh Voltage Power Supply•• Low PowerLow Power•• Operating modeOperating mode•• Output modeOutput mode

7. High Power Amplifier (HPA)a. Maximum output power of the High Power Amplifier is 2 kWb. The HPA contains a gain compression circuit that reduces output power by reducing

the drive input by 3 dB.c. The HPA receives its operating voltages from the High Voltage Power Supply below

it. The HPA uses a tunable cavity electron tube to generate the power needed to boost the output level to required levels.

d. The HPA also contains a High/Low power range setting. By choosing the Low Power setting, the output power level is reduced by half.

e. The HPA also has a Tropo / LOS LED that illuminates to show which operating mode is selected

f. There is a Dummy Load / Antenna LED that illuminates to show which output mode has been selected. These LEDs are affected by front panel toggle switches.

Student Studyguide





Transmit Path – Antenna Transmit Path Transmit Path –– Antenna Antenna

Flexible waveguideFlexible waveguide Antenna feedhornAntenna feedhorn

8. Antenna a. Flexible waveguide

• Connects output of HPA to the antennab. Antenna feedhorn

• 36.5 dBi of gain

Student Studyguide





Transmit Path Review Transmit Path Review Transmit Path Review

The following are all types of signals that can be passed by the TRC-170 EXCEPT A. Digital Phone circuitsB. Analog Phone circuitsC. HF circuitsD. Fiber Optic circuits

Match the following signal types with the cable associated with them.Conditioned Diphase CX-11295Fiber Optic CX-11230

Pick out the true statement from the following list of VersaMux facts:

• The VersaMux converts CDI into a Conditioned Diphase format• Only Ports 1, 2, or 3 can be relayed to the aggregate• The VersaMux handles up to 6 group inputs• The VersaMux is limited to handling any combination of up to 4 groups of

CDI and FO concurrently

1. The following are all types of signals that can be passed by the TRC-170 EXCEPT for ___a. Digital Phone circuitsb. Analog Phone circuitsc. HF circuitsd. Fiber Optic circuits

4. Match the following signal types with the cable associated with them.a. Conditioned Diphase (CX-11230)b. b. Fiber Optic (CX_11295)

9. Pick out the true statement from the following list of VersaMux facts: a. The VersaMux converts CDI into a Conditioned Diphase formatb. Only Ports 1, 2, or 3 can be relayed to the aggregatec. The VersaMux handles up to 6 group inputsd. The VersaMux is limited to handling any combination of up to 4 groups of CDI and FO

concurrently

Student Studyguide





Receive Path Signal Flow and ComponentsReceive Path Signal Flow and Receive Path Signal Flow and ComponentsComponentsOverviewOverview•• Provide a path for the user signal from the Provide a path for the user signal from the

Antenna to the Shelter Interface PanelAntenna to the Shelter Interface Panel•• Provide signal conditioning, filtering and Provide signal conditioning, filtering and

amplificationamplification

B. Receive Path signal Flow and components1. Overview

• The receive Path begins as the received signal is collected at the antenna, then signal is demultiplexed back down to groups and is routed out of the van via the shelter interface panel for the CS6716 Modem or to the signal entry panel for the DAR components

• Along the way various components add signal conditioning, filtering and amplification.

Student Studyguide





Receive Path Signal Flow and ComponentsReceive Path Signal Flow and Receive Path Signal Flow and ComponentsComponents•• AntennasAntennas•• Troposcatter Radio Troposcatter Radio

downdown--convertersconverters•• IF Loopback PanelIF Loopback Panel•• IF Data Patch PanelIF Data Patch Panel•• OACOAC--170D170D•• CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem•• IF Data Patch PanelIF Data Patch Panel•• VersaMuxVersaMux™™ 40004000•• Shelter Interface Shelter Interface

PanelPanel

Receive path:• Antennas• Troposcatter Radio down-converters• IF Loopback Panel• IF Data Patch Panel• OAC-170D• CS6716 Modem• IF Data Patch Panel• VersaMux™ 4000• Shelter Interface Panel

Student Studyguide





Receive Path – AntennaReceive Path Receive Path –– AntennaAntenna

Antenna feedhornAntenna feedhorn

Flexible waveguideFlexible waveguide

AntennaThe input to the antenna is the 4.4-5 GHz RF signal transmitted by the Distant End AN/TRC-170.

a. Antenna Feedhorn36.5 dBi gain

b. Flexible waveguide connects emitters on antenna to waveguide ports on shelter. Signal loss through each waveguide is .6 dB.

Student Studyguide





Receive Path –Troposcatter Radio Down-ConvertersReceive Path Receive Path ––Troposcatter Radio DownTroposcatter Radio Down--ConvertersConverters

•• Low Noise Low Noise Amplifiers (LNA) Amplifiers (LNA)

•• DownDown--convertersconverters

PrePre--selector selector KnobKnob

Post selector Post selector KnobKnob

Noise Test Noise Test ModesModes

Input Input Overload Overload IndicatorIndicator

Summary Summary Fault Fault IndicatorIndicator

3. Troposcatter Radio down-converterThe next stop on the signal flow path is the Troposcatter Radio down-converters.a. Low Noise Amplifiers (LNA)

• 25 to 28 dB gainb. Pre and Post Select Filters

• Signal conditioning • Tunable Filter dialed to RF frequency

c. Down-converts• Mixes RF with LO • 70 MHz IF output

Student Studyguide





Receive Path – IF Data Patch PanelReceive Path Receive Path –– IF Data Patch PanelIF Data Patch Panel

•• 4 U4 U--Links connect to Rx1Links connect to Rx1--Rx4 jacksRx4 jacks

IF SectionIF Section

RX1RX1 RX2RX2 RX3RX3 RX4RX4

4. IF Data Patch PanelThe 4 outputs from the down-converters are routed to the IF DATA Patch panela. Four U-links connect Rx1-Rx4 from radio down-converters to modem

• Top 2 jacks of each column for CS6716 modem• Bottom 2 jacks of each column for DAR modem

b. Four CS6716 Rx jacks connect receive IF to OAC-170• Connect receive IF to OAC-170• Amplifies approximately 16dB• Connects to CS6716

Student Studyguide





Receive Path – IF Patch SectionReceive Path Receive Path –– IF Patch SectionIF Patch Section

RX PortsRX PortsTX PortsTX Ports

Radio jacksRadio jacks

CS6716 modem CS6716 modem jacks jacks -- connects connects receiver IF to receiver IF to OAC170 and then OAC170 and then to modem.to modem.

DAR modem DAR modem jacksjacks

IF Section of IF Data Patch Panel

Student Studyguide





Receive Path – OAC-170DReceive Path Receive Path –– OACOAC--170D170D

•• 4 IF Amplifiers 4 IF Amplifiers •• IF Filter BandwidthsIF Filter Bandwidths

5. OAC-170Da. 4 IF Amplifiers

Total gain from the LNAs to the input of the CS6716 is set for 40 dB +/- .25 dBb. IF Filter Bandwidths

• BYPASS for data rates of 8 Mbps or faster• 3.5 MHz for data rates up to 4 Mbps• 2 MHz for data rates up to 2 Mbps

Student Studyguide





Receive Path – CS6716 ModemReceive Path Receive Path –– CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

•• IF input signals IF input signals •• Full duplex interfaceFull duplex interface•• Service channelService channel•• Turbo Product Code (TPC) Forward Error Correction Turbo Product Code (TPC) Forward Error Correction

(FEC)(FEC)•• Adaptive Link Power Control (ALPC)Adaptive Link Power Control (ALPC)

6. CS6716 Modema. 4 IF input signals b. Full duplex interfacec. Digital service channel (RS-422), used for Orderwired. Turbo Product Code (TPC) Forward Error Correction (FEC) Improves system

performance (bit error rate or BER)e. Adaptive Link Power Control (ALPC) to the distant end transmitter, letting it know

minimum output levels required at the receiver.

Student Studyguide





Receive Path – VersaMux™ 4000Receive Path Receive Path –– VersaMuxVersaMux™™ 40004000

•• DeDe--multiplexes the aggregate signal multiplexes the aggregate signal •• Fiber Optic and Conditioned DiFiber Optic and Conditioned Di--phase dataphase data•• Outputs to Shelter Interface PanelOutputs to Shelter Interface Panel•• Format conversionFormat conversion

7. VersaMux™ 4000a. RS-422 in NRZ format b. De-multiplexes the aggregate signal c. Fiber Optic and Conditioned Di-phase data groupsd. Outputs connect to Shelter Interface Panele. Format conversion from NRZ to CDI

Student Studyguide





Receive Path – Shelter Interface PanelReceive Path Receive Path –– Shelter Interface PanelShelter Interface Panel

Connects 4 groups of Fiber Optic or Connects 4 groups of Fiber Optic or Conditioned DiConditioned Di--phase data to usersphase data to users

Group 1Group 1 Group 2Group 2 Group 3Group 3 Group 4Group 4

8. Shelter Interface Panel•Connects 4 groups of Fiber Optic or Conditioned Di-phase data to users•From here users are connected via either CX-11230 cable for Di-phase or CX-11295 Fiber Optic cables.

Student Studyguide





Receive Path ReviewReceive Path ReviewReceive Path ReviewThe output of the Troposcatter Radio down-converter is?

a. NRZb. 4.4-5 GHzc. RFd. 70 MHz

Total gain from the Low Noise Amplifiers through the OAC, to the input of the CS6716 is set for how much?

a. 36.5 dBb. 28 dBc. 40 dBd. 16 dB

Select the incorrect statement about the SIP. a. 8 groups of data can be connected to SIPb. 4 groups of CX-11230 cable can be connected to SIPc. 4 groups of CX-11295 cable can be connected to SIPd. 8 groups of CDI can be connected to SIP

35. The output of the Troposcatter Radio down-converter is? a. NRZb. 4.4-5 GHzc. RFd. 70 MHz

38. Total gain from the Low Noise Amplifiers through the OAC, to the input of the CS6716 Modem is set for how much?

a. 36.5 dBb. 28 dBc. 40 dBd. 16 dB

45. Select the incorrect statement about the SIP. a. 8 groups of data can be connected to SIPb. 4 groups of CX-11230 cable can be connected to SIPc. 4 groups of CX-11295 cable can be connected to SIPd. 8 groups of CDI can be connected to SIP

Student Studyguide





Orderwire Path Signal Flow and ComponentsOrderwire Path Signal Flow and Orderwire Path Signal Flow and ComponentsComponentsOverviewOverview•• Terminal to Terminal to

terminal secure terminal secure voice voice communicationcommunication

•• Provides a path for Provides a path for the Orderwire the Orderwire signal from handset signal from handset to the modemto the modem

C Orderwire Path signal flow and components

1. Overview

a. Terminal to terminal secure voice communication via KY-58Used for status reporting and troubleshooting with distant end.

b. Provides a path for the Orderwire signal from headset to the modem.For normal use with the CS6716 Modem, no additional patches have to be made.When used with the DAR Modem a patch must be made between the DAR

ORDERWIRE jack and the DVOW jack on the IF Data Patch Panel.

Student Studyguide





Orderwire Path Signal Flow and ComponentsOrderwire Path Signal Flow and Orderwire Path Signal Flow and ComponentsComponents•• TRITRI--TAC RSTAC RS--422422•• Orderwire Data PatchOrderwire Data Patch•• OACOAC--170D170D•• CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

2. DVOWa. Headset is attached to Voice Orderwire Control Unit (VOCU) panelb. Audio signal (0-4 KHz)c. Voice Orderwire Control Unitd. Data rate 16Kbps (synchronous)e. KY-58 provides encryption (TRI-TAC RS-422 format)

Student Studyguide





Orderwire Path – Orderwire Data PatchOrderwire Path Orderwire Path –– Orderwire Data PatchOrderwire Data Patch

CS6716 CS6716 –– Normal ThroughNormal ThroughDAR DAR -- PatchedPatched

3. Orderwire Data Patcha. Orderwire output in TRI-TAC formatb. Normal through connects OW to OAC-170D for signal conversionc. Patched to DAR modem

Student Studyguide





Orderwire Path – OAC-170DOrderwire Path Orderwire Path –– OACOAC--170D170D

Converts TRIConverts TRI--TAC to RSTAC to RS--422 format422 format

4. OAC-170DConverts TRI-TAC to RS-422 formatRS-422 Signal routed to CS6716 Modem

Student Studyguide





Orderwire Path – CS6716 ModemOrderwire Path Orderwire Path –– CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

•• Multiplexer/Modulator FunctionMultiplexer/Modulator Function•• DeDe--multiplexer/Demultiplexer/De--modulator Functionmodulator Function

5. CS6716 Modema. Multiplexer/Modulator Function

1. RS-422 from the OAC-170D is input on User Service Channel 1 2. User channel 1, BERT, High Speed Data Channel and overhead are

multiplexed (User SC 2 not used currently)3. Aggregate from the multiplexer is sent to modulator to QPSK modulate it on

a 70MHz carrier4. Outputs 70 MHz IF signal to IF Data Patch Panel for Tx1

b. De-multiplexer/De-modulator Function1. CS6716 Modem receives the four IF inputs from the OAC-170D.2. The de-modulator removes the 70 MHz carrier and send aggregate to de-

multiplexer3. The de-multiplexer separates the channels and routes the OW signal to the

User Service Channel 1 output4. The RS-422 outputs from User Service Channel 1 is routed to the OAC-

170D inputs.

Student Studyguide





Orderwire Path ReviewOrderwire Path ReviewOrderwire Path Review

True or False. In order to use the Orderwire with the CS6716 Modem, it must be patched in on the IF Data Patch panel.

What component converts the Orderwire signal format?

46. True or False. In order to use the Orderwire with the CS6716 Modem, it must be patched in on the IF Data Patch panel.

51. What component converts the Orderwire signal format?

Student Studyguide





DAR Modem Path VariantDAR Modem Path VariantDAR Modem Path Variant

OverviewOverview•• Changes to signal pathChanges to signal path•• Data output maximum of 4.608 MbpsData output maximum of 4.608 Mbps•• Digital Group MultiplexerDigital Group Multiplexer•• DGM thumbwheelDGM thumbwheel•• TM 11TM 11--58205820--934934--1313--22--11

D. Distortion Adaptive Receiver (DAR) Modem Variant Path1. Overview

a. Changes to signal path: The OW has to be patched in to work with the DAR Modem

IF Data Patch PanelU-Links have to be moved from the top 2 rows of jacks to the bottom 2

rows.b. Data output maximum of 4.608 Mbpsc. Digital Group Multiplexer (DGM) gear (LGM, GM, TGM) patched in and data

settings made.d. DGM thumbwheel settings and switch positions madee. Refer to TM 11-5820-934-13-2-1, VOL 1 for specific patching and data

thumbwheels settings for the DGM gear.

Student Studyguide





DAR Modem Path VariantDAR Modem Path VariantDAR Modem Path Variant

•• Transmit Signal FlowTransmit Signal Flow•• Receive Signal FlowReceive Signal Flow•• Orderwire Signal FlowOrderwire Signal Flow

In this section we will cover the DAR Modem path variant:1. Transmit Signal Flow2. Receive Signal Flow3. Orderwire Signal Flow

Student Studyguide





DAR Path Variant-Transmit Signal FlowDAR Path VariantDAR Path Variant--Transmit Signal FlowTransmit Signal Flow

•• Signal Entry Panel (SEP)Signal Entry Panel (SEP)•• Digital Group Multiplexing Digital Group Multiplexing

EquipmentEquipment•• Transmit Tropo ModemTransmit Tropo Modem

2. Transmit Signal flowa. Signal Entry Panels

407L Cable for analog subscriber loopsCX-11230 Cable for CDI groupsField Wire, Phone wire for subscriber loops

b. Digital Group Multiplexing EquipmentGroup Modems: process DTGs, 128-4608 KHzLoop Group Multiplexers: process up to 16 analog and digital loops, 128-576 KHz

Trunk Group Multiplexer: Highest level multiplexer in the DAR equipment side. Operates in Master timing only, up to 4608KHz.

c. Transmit Tropo Modem

Student Studyguide





DAR Path Variant – Patch PanelDAR Path Variant DAR Path Variant –– Patch PanelPatch Panel

d. IF Data Patch Panel

• Here one can patch each component of the Digital Group Multiplexing (DGM) gear into the system.

• Everything has to be physically patched: Loop Group Multiplexers, Group Modems, Trunk Group Multiplexer, Super Group, TED1 and TED2 are all patched here.

• The timing signal has to be patched in as well as the resync signal.

Student Studyguide





DAR Path Variant – Receive Signal FlowDAR Path Variant DAR Path Variant –– Receive Signal FlowReceive Signal Flow

•• IF Data Patch PanelIF Data Patch Panel•• Receive Tropo ModemReceive Tropo Modem•• DGM equipmentDGM equipment•• Signal Entry PanelsSignal Entry Panels

3. Receive Signal flowa. IF Data Patch Panelb. Receive Tropo Modemc. DGM equipment

Highest Data rate has to be unencryptedPatched to Group 1 of TGMFrame format compatible with TGM

d. Signal Entry Panels

Supporting info:• The receive DAR path differs first at the IF Data Patch Panel.• U-Links are installed in bottom 2 jacks, RX1-RX4

Student Studyguide





DAR Path Variant – Orderwire Signal FlowDAR Path Variant DAR Path Variant –– Orderwire Signal Orderwire Signal FlowFlowDVOW to DAR Orderwire patchDVOW to DAR Orderwire patch

4. Orderwire Signal flowa. DVOW to DAR ORDERWIRE patch

• That connects the transmit and receive orderwire path for the DAR Modem• The rest of the orderwire path is the same as for the CS6716 Modem

Supporting info:Patch DVOW connector to DAR ORDERWIRE on the IF Data Patch panel

Student Studyguide





DAR Modem Path Variant ReviewDAR Modem Path Variant ReviewDAR Modem Path Variant Review

Pick the correct definition for the term DTG.

a. Digitally Timed Groupb. Data Test Groupc. Diphase Transmit Groupd. Digital Test Group

Match the following items.

LGM Digital and analog subscriber loops TGM Process DTGs, performs signal conversionGM Operates in master timing only

57. Pick the correct definition for the term DTG. a. Digitally Timed Groupb. Data Test Groupc. Diphase Transmit Groupd. Digital Test Group

59. Match the following items.a. LGM Digital and analog subscriber loops b. TGM Process DTGs, performs signal conversion c. GM Operates in master timing only

Student Studyguide






SUMMARY:

1. During this lesson, you were given an overview of the mission data signal flow through the AN/TRC-170(V)3. We covered each component that the user mission data signal passes through and what it does to/for the signal. We covered the transmit signal path, receive signal path, orderwire signal path and DAR Modem Variant signal path for the AN/TRC-170(V)3 Digital Troposcatter Communications System.

2. Ask the instructor questions to clarify any misunderstandings.

THE END

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations

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Unit 4Operations

Unit 4Unit 4OperationsOperations

TITLE: Operations

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:Action:

The student will be able to describe and demonstrate the power-up, setup, and normal operation of each system component of the AN/TRC-170(V)3 Digital Troposcatter Communications System.

Conditions:The student will be given informal lecture and demonstrations on the power-up, setup, and normal operation of each system component of the AN/TRC-170(V)3

Standard:The student will be able to correctly describe the key concepts of the power-up, setup, and normal operation and to demonstrate the correct power-up, setup, and normal operation of each system component of the AN/TRC-170(V)3.

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS:Be aware of the possibility of electrical shock when working with electronic equipment. Be aware of lift hazards, observe safety regulations

RISK ASSESSMENT:Medium to High

RESOURCE NEEDS/REFERENCES:Communication System AN/TRC-170(V)3, Powerpoint Presentation “Unit4”, Laptop and Overhead Projector, TM 11-5820-934-13-2, CSI Manual 142F009900-1 and AN/TRC-170(V)3 Student Studyguide

METHODS OF INSTRUCTION:Informal Lecture, Demonstration and Performance

TIME:40.0 Academic and Performance Hours

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations

NOTE: Show slide #2


AN/TRC 170 Training 2Operations

OperationsOperationsOperations

OverviewOverview•• SafetySafety•• Prime PowerPrime Power•• Shelter TurnShelter Turn--On ProceduresOn Procedures•• System OperationSystem Operation

INTRODUCTION:

Elapsed TimeDuring this period of instruction, you will be given a safety briefing specific to the AN/TRC-

170(V)3 and then an informal lecture and demonstrations of the power-up, setup, and normal operation of each system component of the AN/TRC-170(V)3. Understanding this information will provide the base which will enable the operator to become proficient AN/TRC-170(V)3 operators.

Overview:• Safety• Prime Power• Shelter Turn-On Procedures• System Operation

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations

NOTE: Show slide #3



Safety ConcernsSafety ConcernsSafety Concerns

•• High VoltageHigh Voltage•• Radiation HazardsRadiation Hazards•• Electro Static Discharge (ESD)Electro Static Discharge (ESD)•• Heavy Equipment Heavy Equipment •• Hazardous MaterialsHazardous Materials•• Hearing LossHearing Loss•• Training requiredTraining required

BODY:A. Safety:

• Safety is a vital part of this training since this equipment operates using high voltage and emits radiation.

• Part of safety is understanding the risks of electrostatic discharge, moving heavy equipment hazardous materials and hearing loss, which is why special training is required.

Topics:• High Voltage• Radiation Hazards• Electro Static Discharge (ESD)• Heavy Equipment • Hazardous Materials• Hearing Loss• Training required

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations

NOTE: Show slide #4



Personnel HazardsPersonnel HazardsPersonnel Hazards

These hazards can cause serious injury or These hazards can cause serious injury or death to personnel:death to personnel:

•• High VoltageHigh Voltage•• RadiationRadiation•• High Voltage sourcesHigh Voltage sources

Before working on or around energized electrical equipment such as the AN/TRC-170(V)3 van, a safety briefing discussing potential hazards and methods of controlling those hazards is required.

1. Personnel Hazards: • These are hazards that can cause death or serious injury to personnel. • It is everyone’s responsibility to stop any potential personnel hazard from

occurring during this class. • Safety training is required to work on and around electrical equipment. • Refer to the safety manager for specifics.

a. High Voltage:Power cables, generators, power distribution panels and power supplies are the

most common sources of high voltage present around the AN/TRC-170(V)3.• Trained safety observer present• Remove watches, rings and jewelry

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations

NOTE: Show slide #5



~20 ft~20 ft

High Power Tropo (1KW)

418 ftLow Power

Tropo (500 w)

590 ft

43 ftLos Mode

(0.4 w)

Radiation HazardsRadiation HazardsRadiation Hazards

•• HPAHPA•• Open waveguide ports (located Open waveguide ports (located

on rear of shelter near door)on rear of shelter near door)

•• AntennaAntenna•• Radiation Hazard ZoneRadiation Hazard Zone

b. Radiation Hazards: • HPA• Open waveguide ports (found on either side of shelter door (rear of HMMWV))• Antenna

CAUTION: Do not transmit with open waveguide ports or with someone directly in front of the antenna.

NOTE: Waveguide ports and antennas are the most common sources of RF energy for this class.

c. Radiation Hazard Zone (down range)• Be aware of radiation hazard zone.• The eyes are particularly vulnerable to RF energy in the microwave range, and prolonged

exposure to microwaves energy can lead to cataracts.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations

NOTE: Show slide #6



Radiation Hazard ZoneRadiation Hazard ZoneRadiation Hazard Zone

Here is the Radiation Hazard Zone for the AN/TRC-170 using the QRA.

Please note the following features:

1. The RF Hazard Zone is diagramed out using a zero degree takeoff angle. 2. The RF Hazard Zone is 8.5’ off the ground, it doesn’t extend down; however, it is

required to rope off the RF Hazard area at ground level.3. The RF Hazard area begins 8.5’ from the ground and extends 7’ up. It is a 7’ diameter

circle extending out of the QRA.

Remember, this is not practical since the antenna will usually be set at a positive take off angle. Assuming you are on a flat earth plane, a positive takeoff angle will result in the RF Hazard zone being higher above ground as you go down range from the antenna. A negative takeoff angle will result in the RF Hazard zone being lower to the ground as you go down range from the antenna.

Note: A periodic radiation safety check will be conducted at each site.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations

NOTE: Show slide #7



Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)

Hazards to equipmentHazards to equipment•• Damages and/or destroys Damages and/or destroys

electronic componentselectronic components

Precautions Precautions •• Electrostatic Wrist StrapElectrostatic Wrist Strap•• Use Electrostatic Discharge Bag to Use Electrostatic Discharge Bag to

transport electronic equipmenttransport electronic equipment

Electro-Static Discharge (ESD):• Hazards to equipment• Damages and/or destroys electronic components• Precautions

• Electrostatic Wrist Strap• Use Electrostatic Discharge Bag to transport electronic equipment

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations

NOTE: Show slide #8



Heavy Equipment Heavy Equipment Heavy Equipment

•• Items over 35 lbs require 2 man liftItems over 35 lbs require 2 man lift•• Gloves and hardhats required for setGloves and hardhats required for set--up / up /

breakdownbreakdown

c. Heavy Equipment: • Set-up and tear down of the Quick Reaction Antenna is the most common source of

heavy equipment hazards. • Items over 35 Lbs require 2 man lift• Gloves and hardhats required for set-up / teardown

Remember: Lift correctly by bending knees and keeping back straight!

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations

NOTE: Show slide #9



Hazardous MaterialsHazardous MaterialsHazardous Materials

Hazardous MaterialsHazardous Materials•• Flammable Flammable –– Fuel, Solvents, PaintsFuel, Solvents, Paints•• Corrosive Corrosive –– Fuel, Battery AcidFuel, Battery Acid•• Reactive Reactive –– Power SuppliesPower Supplies•• Magnetic Magnetic –– HPA KlystronHPA Klystron•• Compressed Gas Compressed Gas –– Fire ExtinguishersFire Extinguishers

• Be aware of the hazardous materials and substances encountered during normal day-to-day operation and maintenance of this radio system.

• Hazardous materials training is also required prior to working on or around hazardous materials. Refer to the training manager for specifics.

• Hazardous Materials:• Flammable – Fuel, Solvents, Paints• Corrosive – Fuel, Battery Acid• Reactive – Power Supplies• Magnetic – HPA Klystron

•As part of the equipment check-out and maintenance, the Klystron tube has to be checked for radiation or leakage, etc. every 3 years.

• Compressed Gas – Fire Extinguishers

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Unit 4Operations




Hearing LossHearing LossHearing Loss

Use Hearing ProtectionUse Hearing Protection•• Prevent Prevent hearinghearing loss due to noise and other loss due to noise and other

environmental factors environmental factors

RememberRemember: : Long duration and repeated exposure causes the damage.Long duration and repeated exposure causes the damage.

Hearing LossPrevent hearing loss due to noise and other environmental factors when working in a

Hazardous Noise Environment.• Use Ear Protection when near Hazardous Noise sources such as motor generators,

ECUs and pionjars.

Remember: Long duration and repeated exposure causes the damage.

NOISE EXPOSURE TIME LIMITATIONS (unprotected)Noise Level Exposure Limits90 dBA 8 hrs 95 dBA 4 hrs

100 dBA 2 hours 105 dBA 1 hour 110 dBA 30 minutes 115 dBA 15 minutes120 dBA 8 minutes125 dBA 4 minutes130 dBA 2 minutes

SOME EXAMPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE LEVELS Noise Level Example130 dBA pionjar, jackhammer 120 dBA Ambulance siren, Thunder clap 115 dBA Sandblasting 110 dBA Woodworking shop 100 dBA Pneumatic drill, Chainsaw 90 dBA Lawn mower, generator, 2 ½ ton truck engine

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Unit 4Operations




Training RecommendedTraining RecommendedTraining Recommended

•• Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)•• First AidFirst Aid•• Hazardous MaterialsHazardous Materials

Specific Army provided Safety Training is recommended before working on energized electrical circuits or other AN/TRC-170(V)3 equipment.

1. CPR training2. First Aid3. Hazardous Materials

True or False. The Class Leader is responsible for monitoring all potential safety violations.

Pick the correct statement.

a. Prolonged exposure to RF energy can lead to cataracts.b. A trained safety observer is not required to be present when working on equipment.c. An open waveguide port is an example of a high voltage hazard.d. Items weighing 25 lbs require a two man lift.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




Prime PowerPrime PowerPrime Power

VoltageVoltage•• 120/208 VAC120/208 VAC

PhasePhase•• 33--Phase, 5Phase, 5--wirewire

FrequencyFrequency•• 60 Hz for CONUS60 Hz for CONUS•• 50 Hz for OCONUS50 Hz for OCONUS

LoadLoad•• 10 kW without Environmental Control Unit (ECU)10 kW without Environmental Control Unit (ECU)•• 15 kW with ECU15 kW with ECU

Prime Power: External power source that provides electrical power to the AN/TRC-170(V)3 radio system.

We will discuss the frequency and voltage required to operate the radio system.

Always check the power requirements for the radio system prior to connecting power.

1. Voltage: This is the operating voltage for the AN/TRC-170(V)3.120 / 208 VAC

2. Phase3-Phase, 5-wire

3. Frequency: The AN/TRC-170 would originally run on 400, 60, or 50 Hz. With the upgraded modem, it runs on 50 or 60 Hz only!

60 Hz for CONUS50 Hz for OCONUS

4. Load: 10 kW without Environmental Control Unit (ECU)15 kW with ECU

Note: Check with power production personnel if there is any doubt a generator can handle the load of a AN/TRC-170(V)3, with and without the Environmental Control Unit (ECU) connected.

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Unit 4Operations




Initial Turn On ProceduresInitial Turn On ProceduresInitial Turn On Procedures

Prime Power ApplicationPrime Power Application•• Shelter Ground connectionShelter Ground connection

•• Appropriate Ground Appropriate Ground connected to power entry connected to power entry panelpanel

•• Primary Power SourcePrimary Power Source•• Connected to shelter but not Connected to shelter but not

turned onturned on•• Shelter Air Vents OpenedShelter Air Vents Opened•• Exterior Circuit Breakers (CB) Exterior Circuit Breakers (CB)

OFFOFF

C. Initial Turn On Procedures: Follow these steps in order:1. Prime Power Application

a. Shelter Ground connection• Appropriate Ground connected to power entry panel

• Signal Entry Panel (SEP) groundedb. Primary Power Source

• Connected to shelter but not turned onc. Shelter Air Vents Openedd. Exterior Circuit Breakers (CB) OFF

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




Initial Turn On ProceduresInitial Turn On ProceduresInitial Turn On Procedures

Prime Power ApplicationPrime Power Application•• Interior Power Distribution Panel CBs OFFInterior Power Distribution Panel CBs OFF•• Rack Mounted Power Switches OFFRack Mounted Power Switches OFF•• Primary Power Source ONPrimary Power Source ON

•• Check Frequency, 50 / 60 HzCheck Frequency, 50 / 60 Hz

e. Interior power distribution panel CBs offf. Rack Mounted Power Switches OFFg. Primary Power Source ON:

Turn on generator and check the output frequency at the generator itself. Use frequency meter on the generator.

• Check Frequency, 50 / 60 Hz

Note: Check interior power distribution panel CBs off twice.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




Initial Turn On Procedures (cont.)Initial Turn On Procedures (cont.)Initial Turn On Procedures (cont.)

Prime Power ApplicationPrime Power Application•• Exterior Main & Interior Main CBs ONExterior Main & Interior Main CBs ON

•• Light CB ONLight CB ON•• Set Light Interlock Override switch to OverrideSet Light Interlock Override switch to Override

•• Voltage of each phase should be 120 +/Voltage of each phase should be 120 +/-- 12 VAC12 VAC

CAUTION! Voltage of each phase must CAUTION! Voltage of each phase must agree within +/agree within +/--5 VAC. Do not continue 5 VAC. Do not continue if the voltages or frequency is out of if the voltages or frequency is out of tolerance.tolerance.

h. Exterior Main & Interior Main CBs ON: • The Exterior Main CB is on the Exterior power distribution panel and the Interior

Main is on the inside of the shelter, on the Main Power Distribution Panel.• Light CB ON: • Interior lights will come on now if Interlock Switch is already in the over ride

position and the light fixture on / off switches are in the on position. • If lights do not come on, continue to next step, if they do come on, skip the next

step.• Set Interlock Override switch to override: • Interior lights should be on now. • If not, check on/off toggle switch on light fixtures.

i. CAUTION!• Voltage of each phase must agree within +/-5 VAC. • Do not continue if the voltages or frequency is out of tolerance.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Prime Power ApplicationPrime Power Application•• Phase Select Switch to APhase Select Switch to A

•• Voltmeter reads 120 +/Voltmeter reads 120 +/-- 12 12 VACVAC

•• Frequency Meter reads 60 Frequency Meter reads 60 +/+/-- 1 Hz1 Hz

•• Repeat for Phases B & CRepeat for Phases B & C

Frequency meterFrequency meter VoltmeterVoltmeter

j. Phase Select Switch to A• Voltmeter reads 120 +/- 12 VAC• Frequency Meter reads 60 +/- 1 Hz - CONUS

50 +/- 1 Hz - OCONUSk. Repeat for Phases B & C

This is accomplished by switching the “Phase Select” to “B” then to “C”

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Prime Power ApplicationPrime Power Application•• DGM CB OFF unless DAR is being usedDGM CB OFF unless DAR is being used•• CS6716 CB ONCS6716 CB ON•• LVPS 1/2 ONLVPS 1/2 ON•• FAN PWR CONV CB ONFAN PWR CONV CB ON

•• AC to AC converter Input Power indicator onAC to AC converter Input Power indicator on

l. DGM CB OFF unless DAR is being used. • If DGM gear is being used, turn on rack power switches for components being

used. • Example: LGM, GM and TGM power switches.

• DGM power indicators ON.m. CS6716 CB ONn. Low voltage power supply (LVPS) 1/2 circuit breaker ON: Check LVPS front panel

indicators on both LVPS. Power indicators ON.o. FAN PWR CONV CB ON: Listen for the sound of the Blowers coming on when turning

on the Circuit Breaker. Look at the AC to AC Converter and make sure the Input Power Indicator is ON.

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Unit 4Operations





Prime Power ApplicationPrime Power Application•• If HPA is being used, make sure Tropo Mode LED is On If HPA is being used, make sure Tropo Mode LED is On

and turn ON the HPA CBand turn ON the HPA CB•• If HPA is not being used, make sure LOS Mode LED is If HPA is not being used, make sure LOS Mode LED is

On and the HPA CB is OFFOn and the HPA CB is OFF•• Dummy Load LED ONDummy Load LED ON

p. If HPA is being used, make sure Tropo Mode LED is On and turn ON the HPA CBq. If HPA is not being used, make sure LOS Mode LED is On and the HPA CB is OFFr. Verify Dummy Load LED ONs. If Voice Orderwire Alarm sounds, press and release the SUPPR / TEST pushbutton.t. If Fault Summary Alarm on VOCU is on, press and release the reset pushbutton.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




Hands-on/PerformanceHandsHands--on/Performanceon/Performance

•• Instructor demonstrates Initial Turn On Instructor demonstrates Initial Turn On Procedure (Walk Through)Procedure (Walk Through)

•• Students will perform Initial Turn On ProcedureStudents will perform Initial Turn On Procedure

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





The operating voltage of the AN/TRC-170(V)3 is:a. 220 / 440 VACb. 110 / 220 VACc. 120 / 208 VACd. 50 / 60 Hz

True or False:

Input voltage to the AN/TRC-170 must agree within +/- 8 VAC of each phase.

The operating voltage of the AN/TRC-170(V)3 is: a. 220 / 440 VACb. 110 / 220 VACc. 120 / 208 VACd. 50 / 60 Hz

True or False. Input voltage to the AN/TRC-170 must agree within +/- 8 VAC of each phase.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System OperationSystem OperationSystem Operation

•• VersaMuxVersaMux™™ 40004000•• IF Data Patch PanelIF Data Patch Panel•• CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem•• OACOAC--170D170D•• Troposcatter RadioTroposcatter Radio•• HPAHPA•• DVOWDVOW•• QRAQRA

D. System OperationNow the AN/TRC-170(V)3 is powered up and its time to discuss the normal operation

of each major component.

We will cover the following:• VersaMux 4000• IF / Data Patch Panel• CS6716 Modem• OAC170• Troposcatter Radio• HPA• DVOW• QRA

We will finish this block with a section on link activation.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – VersaMux™ 4000 System Operation System Operation –– VersaMuxVersaMux™™ 4000 4000

PowerPower--Up and Basic NavigationUp and Basic Navigation•• Port Numbering ConventionPort Numbering Convention•• Front Panel InterfaceFront Panel Interface

FrontFront

RearRear

1. VersaMux™ 4000: Refer to the VersaMux 4000 Operation and Installation Guide chapters 4 and 5 for more information. This Operation Guide will be on-site. (Refer to in the Modem Upgrade Manual, 142F009901-1 “Installation Manual for AN/TRC-170 (V3/V5) Modem Upgrade”)

a. Power-Up and Basic Navigation: • The VersaMux assigns ports numbers and refers to them by that number. • The VersaMux interface is via the front panel keypads, or the terminal interface

(control port). • During power-up the VersaMux 4000 performs a series of self-tests to check for

correct operation.1) Port Numbering Convention:

• There are 5 ports on the VersaMux 4000: Four group ports and oneaggregate port.

• The 5 ports are numbered from left to right looking at the rear of the VersaMux 4000 with ports 1-4 made up of a group of 4 connectors each and port 5 being the aggregate port.

2) Front Panel Interface: • This contains the display screen and 5 keypads. • The LCD screen has 2 lines of up to 16 characters each. Main Menu screens

are displayed on the top line, with the bottom line blank.• Up Arrow Key - Down Arrow Key - Left Arrow Key - Right Arrow Key - Enter

Key• Main Menu Options are:

• Alarm-Status• Configure• Activate• System-Info• Statistics • Diagnostics.

• Scroll through these with the Left / Right arrow keys.• Sub Menu Options are selected by pushing the Down arrow key.• Items can be Read Only or Informational or Read / Write (Edit)

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – VersaMux 4000 (cont.)System Operation System Operation –– VersaMux 4000 (cont.)VersaMux 4000 (cont.)

Planning the TimingPlanning the Timing•• Aggregate Timing Aggregate Timing –– not usednot used•• External Clock Input Timing External Clock Input Timing –– 10 MHz10 MHz•• Port Timing Port Timing –– not usednot used•• Internal Oscillator Timing Internal Oscillator Timing –– not usednot used

b. Planning the Timing: The VersaMux 4000 can accept timing from one of the following choices:

1) Aggregate Timing (NRZ Interface): The VersaMux 4000 recovers the master clock from the transmission uplink via the Aggregate Interface.

2) External Clock Input Timing: The VersaMux 4000 can accept an external clock reference such as from a GPS or station clock. This is the only configuration used. The VersaMux 4000 receives an external 10 MHz clock from the Rubidium Standard coming from the OAC-170D. This is connected via the external clock ref bnc connector on rear of VersaMux 4000.

3) Port Timing: The VersaMux 4000 can also accept timing from any of its group ports.4) Internal Oscillator Timing: The VersaMux 4000 can generate its own timing source if

required.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Operating InstructionsOperating Instructions•• Main MenuMain Menu

•• Terminal Interface (optional)Terminal Interface (optional)•• Front Panel Interface (used)Front Panel Interface (used)

c. Operating Instructions1) Main Menu:

• Operating instructions are entered by using the keypads and LCD display. • Configure the VersaMux 4000 using the Front Panel Interface.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Operating InstructionsOperating Instructions•• AlarmAlarm--StatusStatus

•• Front Panel InterfaceFront Panel Interface

2) Alarm-Status: • Alarm status is monitored from the Alarm-Status selection of the main menu. • For specific alarm codes, refer to page 5-5 of VersaMux 4000 manual, contained as

part of Manual No. 142F009900-1. • Scroll down through the active alarms by using the Up and Down arrow keys.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Operating InstructionsOperating Instructions•• ConfigureConfigure

•• Front Panel InterfaceFront Panel Interface-- SystemSystem-- OfflineOffline-- ActiveActive-- CAUCAU-- ManagementManagement

3) Configure: Enter configure parameters via the Configure key on the main menu.

Options are:

• Select System parameters for:• Clock Reference (Clk-Ref)• External Clock type (Ext-Clk-Type)• Front Panel lighting brightness level (FP-Lighting)Offline: • Allows programming the offline configuration without disturbing the online

configuration. • Once done, it can be placed online by using the Activate parameter. • The parameters can be set for the following parameters:

• Aggregate• Port-1• Port-2• Port-3• Port-4• Copy-Configuration

• Active: • Allows checking the online configuration. • Will not allow editing any settings in this mode.

• CAU: • Crypto Ancillary Unit parameter displays sub-menu parameters and their

values.• KG-Resync• Resync-Delay

• Management: • Check factory settings (not used by operators)

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Operating InstructionsOperating Instructions•• ActivateActivate

•• NoNo•• OfflineOffline•• UndoUndo

4) Activate: • This parameter allows the operator to make the “Offline” or “Undo“ configuration the

active one. • Select the configuration to make active by selecting the Activate Configuration Option:

• No: • Selecting this option to return to the Activate menu without making any

changes.• Offline:

• Selecting this option to activate the offline configuration.• Undo:

• Places he configuration being taken offline as the Undo configuration. • Activate the Undo option to reinstate the selection as an active option.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Operating InstructionsOperating Instructions•• SystemSystem--InfoInfo

•• ConditionsConditions•• InventoryInventory

5) System-Info: Sub-menu contains the following options:• Conditions:

• Contains system conditions and internal switch settings• Inventory:

• Contains an inventory of card types, hardware and revisions

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Operating InstructionsOperating Instructions•• StatisticsStatistics

•• AlarmAlarm--StatsStats•• Aggregate StatsAggregate Stats•• Bandwidth StatsBandwidth Stats

6) Statistics: Displays sub-menu of • Alarm-Stats: Displays a list of the alarms, and the number of occurrences of each, that

have occurred since the last reset. In addition, this item enables the operator to reset the alarm statistics.

• Aggregate Stats: Displays the number of frame losses, the number of frames transmitted, and the number of frames received. In addition, this item enables the operator to reset the alarm statistics.

• Bandwidth Stats: Displays the overall bandwidth that includes; Aggregate bandwidth, Total bandwidth utilized (ports + overhead), Spare bandwidth, Overhead bandwidth, Port-1 bandwidth, Port-2 bandwidth, Port-4 bandwidth and Port 5 bandwidth.

Review

The timing configuration used for the VersaMux 4000 is ___a. External Clockb. Port Timingc. Internal Oscillator Timingd. Aggregate Timing

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – IF Data Patch PanelSystem Operation System Operation –– IF Data Patch PanelIF Data Patch Panel

Normal operationNormal operation•• IFIF•• DATADATA

UU--LinkLink

2. IF Data Patch Panel: • For normal operation, U-Links, also known as looping plugs, must be installed. • Data patches are NOT installeda. IF:

Contains IF jacks for TX and RX to and from Up and down-converters and IF Loop panel

b. Data: Contains M & C ports, Ethernet connections, DVOW, TED

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – CS6716 ModemSystem Operation System Operation –– CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

Front PanelFront PanelStatus Status LEDsLEDs

Alarm Alarm LEDsLEDs KeypadKeypad DisplayDisplay

• LEDs, • Status• Alarms

• Keypad• Display

1. The Status LEDs are Online: if the modem is online and functioning properly2. Data Traffic: if there is traffic on the modem3. RX Sync: If the receiver is locked to the RF signal4. Power Control On: ALPC is active

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – CS6716 ModemSystem Operation System Operation –– CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

PowerPower--Up ProcedureUp Procedure•• Verify CS6716 UVerify CS6716 U--links installed in correct positionlinks installed in correct position•• Remove any digital data patch cablesRemove any digital data patch cables•• Verify 10MHz oscillatorVerify 10MHz oscillator•• Modem performs diagnostics and calibrationModem performs diagnostics and calibration

3. CS6716 Modema. Power-Up Initial Procedure

• Verify U-links installed for CS6716 • Remove any digital data patch cables

b. Power-Up Procedure• At AC Distribution panel, switch breaker labeled “CS6716” to ON• Verify 10 MHz oscillator• Modem automatically performs diagnostics and AGC calibration

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – CS6716 Modem (cont.)System Operation System Operation –– CS6716 Modem (cont.)CS6716 Modem (cont.)

Internal IF LoopInternal IF Loop•• Verifies correct operation of the modemVerifies correct operation of the modem•• Modem synchronizesModem synchronizes•• RX SYNC LED (green) illuminatesRX SYNC LED (green) illuminates•• MAJOR ALARM (red) extinguishedMAJOR ALARM (red) extinguished

c. Internal IF Loop: • Verifies correct operation of modem quickly, without external equipment. • From top level menu, select DIAG, then LOOPBACK, then LOCAL IF.

• Modem synchronizes• RX SYNC LED (green) illuminates• MAJOR ALARM (red) extinguished

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation –Hands-on/Performance Check PointSystem Operation System Operation ––HandsHands--on/Performance Check Pointon/Performance Check Point

•• Instructors demonstrate Instructors demonstrate PrePre--PowerPower--Up, PowerUp, Power--up, and Internal IF Loopup, and Internal IF Loop

•• Students perform Students perform PrePre--PowerPower--Up, PowerUp, Power--up, and up, and Internal IF LoopInternal IF Loop

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




Initial Upgrade ConfigurationInitial Upgrade ConfigurationInitial Upgrade Configuration

Initial Modem ConfigurationInitial Modem Configuration•• Modem is shipped preModem is shipped pre--configured with an configured with an

aggregate data rate of 2 Mbpsaggregate data rate of 2 Mbps•• The VersaMuxThe VersaMux™™ 4000 is configured for Port 14000 is configured for Port 1--

relay mode and a 2 Mbps aggregate data raterelay mode and a 2 Mbps aggregate data rate

d. Initial Modem Configuration• Modem is shipped pre-configured with an aggregate data rate of 2 Mbps. • The VersaMux™ 4000 is configured for Port 1-relay mode and a 2 Mbps

aggregate data rate.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




Initial Upgrade Configuration –CS6716 ModemInitial Upgrade Configuration Initial Upgrade Configuration ––CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

Default ConfigurationDefault Configuration•• Starting point for initial link acquisitionStarting point for initial link acquisition•• Provides maximum receive sensitivityProvides maximum receive sensitivity•• To select default configuration:To select default configuration:

1.1. Press any key from Opening Screen (to display MAIN MENU)Press any key from Opening Screen (to display MAIN MENU)2.2. From the MAIN MENU, select ON/OFFLINE, press ENTFrom the MAIN MENU, select ON/OFFLINE, press ENT

•• Select OFFLINE, press ENT then press CLRSelect OFFLINE, press ENT then press CLR3.3. From the MAIN MENU, select CONFIG, press ENTFrom the MAIN MENU, select CONFIG, press ENT

•• Select DEFAULT, press ENT, press ENT, then press CLRSelect DEFAULT, press ENT, press ENT, then press CLR4.4. From the MAIN MENU, select ON/OFFLINE, press ENTFrom the MAIN MENU, select ON/OFFLINE, press ENT

•• Select ONLINE, press ENT, then press CLRSelect ONLINE, press ENT, then press CLR

e. Default Configuration

• Starting point for initial link acquisition• Provides maximum receive sensitivity• To select default configuration:

• Press any key from Opening Screen• From the Main Menu, select ON/OFFLINE, press ENT

• Select OFFLINE, press ENT then press CLR• From the Main Menu, select CONFIG, press ENT

• Select DEFAULT, press ENT, press ENT, then press CLR• From the Main Menu, select ON/OFFLINE, press ENT

• Select ONLINE, press ENT, then press CLR

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




Initial Upgrade Configuration –CS6716 Modem (cont.)Initial Upgrade Configuration Initial Upgrade Configuration ––CS6716 Modem (cont.)CS6716 Modem (cont.)

SettingSettingSystem ControlSystem Control

Default Configuration TableDefault Configuration Table

ONONBit Error Rate Tester (BERT)Bit Error Rate Tester (BERT)

ONONForward Error Correction (FEC)Forward Error Correction (FEC)

OFFOFFAdaptive Link Power Control (ALPC)Adaptive Link Power Control (ALPC)

NormalNormalLoopbackLoopback

0 Kb/s0 Kb/sService Channel #2 RateService Channel #2 Rate

16 Kb/s16 Kb/sService Channel #1 RateService Channel #1 Rate

2 Mb/s2 Mb/sRate (DATA CH RATE)Rate (DATA CH RATE)

Review Default Configuration settings.

Rate 2Mb/sService Channel #1 Rate 16 Kb/sService Channel #2 Rate 0 Kb/sLoopback NormalAdaptive Link Power Control OFFForward Error Correction ONBit Error Rate Tester ON

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




Initial Upgrade Configuration –Hands-on/Performance Check PointInitial Upgrade Configuration Initial Upgrade Configuration ––HandsHands--on/Performance Check Pointon/Performance Check Point

CS6716 Modem Default ConfigurationCS6716 Modem Default Configuration•• Instructor demonstrates the procedureInstructor demonstrates the procedure•• Students perform the procedureStudents perform the procedure

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




Review and QuestionsReview and QuestionsReview and Questions

Review

True or False. The VersaMux 4000 can accept a timing input from a GPS system.

True or False. The VersaMux 4000 can accept timing from any of its group ports.

True or False. The VersaMux 4000 can accept a timing input from a GPS system. True or False. The VersaMux 4000 can accept timing from any of its group ports.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





•• OACOAC--170D170D•• Troposcatter Radio Troposcatter Radio •• High Power AmplifierHigh Power Amplifier

System Operation

In this section we will cover system operation of the OAC-170, the Troposcatter Radio components and the High Power Amplifier.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – OAC-170DSystem Operation System Operation –– OACOAC--170D170D

PrePre--PowerPower--Up ProcedureUp Procedure•• Set FILTER SELECT switch to desired Set FILTER SELECT switch to desired

bandwidthbandwidth•• Set OSC SELECT to AUTOSet OSC SELECT to AUTO

4. OAC-170Da. Pre-Power-Up Procedure

• Set FILTER SELECT switch to desired bandwidth• Set OSC SELECT to AUTO

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – OAC-170D (cont.)System Operation System Operation –– OACOAC--170D (cont.)170D (cont.)

Initial PowerInitial Power--UpUp•• Apply +48 Volts Direct Current Apply +48 Volts Direct Current •• ALARM LED IlluminatesALARM LED Illuminates

•• Green means no faultsGreen means no faults•• Red means unit is in alarm conditionRed means unit is in alarm condition

•• Possible Alarm ConditionsPossible Alarm Conditions•• DC/DC converter failureDC/DC converter failure•• Internal temperature above 149Internal temperature above 149°° FF•• OSC SELECT not in AUTOOSC SELECT not in AUTO

b. Initial Power-Up• Apply +48 Volts Direct Current • ALARM LED Illuminates

• Green means no faults• Red means unit is in alarm condition

• Possible alarm conditions• DC/DC converter failure• Internal temperature above 149F• OSC SELECT not in AUTO

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Initial PowerInitial Power--UpUp•• MAINT LEDMAINT LED

•• Flashes yellow at 1 second rateFlashes yellow at 1 second rate

Note where the MAINT LED is on the slide above.

The MAINT LED will flash yellow at a 1 second rate.When the maintenance LED is flashing, output is disabled.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Rubidium Oscillator WarmRubidium Oscillator Warm--UpUp•• 10 minute delay for oscillator warm10 minute delay for oscillator warm--upup•• Oscillator outputs checked at 1 minute intervalsOscillator outputs checked at 1 minute intervals•• First oscillator to stabilize will switch onlineFirst oscillator to stabilize will switch online

c. Rubidium Oscillator Warm-Up• 10 minute delay for oscillator warm-up• Oscillator outputs checked at 1-minute intervals• First oscillator to stabilize will switch online as long as it is in the Auto Mode

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Normal OperationNormal Operation•• Power level of the six 10 MHz outputs 0 dBm Power level of the six 10 MHz outputs 0 dBm ±±1 dB1 dB•• Critical operation maintained during failure of 1 DC/DC Critical operation maintained during failure of 1 DC/DC

converter and/or 1 rubidium oscillatorconverter and/or 1 rubidium oscillator

e. Normal Operation• Power level of the six 10 MHz outputs 0 dBm +/- -1 dB• Critical operation maintained during failure of 1 DC/DC converter and/or 1

rubidium oscillator

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – Troposcatter Radio System Operation System Operation –– Troposcatter Radio Troposcatter Radio

UpUp--ConverterConverter•• Set for operating Set for operating

frequencyfrequency

DownDown--ConverterConverter•• Set for receive Set for receive

frequencyfrequency

UpUp--ConverterConverter DownDown--ConverterConverter

5. Troposcatter Radio a. Up-Converter

• Set for operating frequency as directed

b. Down-Converter• Set for receive frequency as directed• Adjust Pre-Selectors• Adjust Post Selectors• Noise Test Switches OFF

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation –Troposcatter Radio (cont.) System Operation System Operation ––Troposcatter Radio (cont.) Troposcatter Radio (cont.)

Dual RF SynthesizerDual RF Synthesizer•• Set transmit side to Set transmit side to

operating frequencyoperating frequency•• Set Phase Lock Loop Set Phase Lock Loop

circuit (PLL)circuit (PLL)•• Set receive side to Set receive side to

operating frequencyoperating frequency•• Set PLLSet PLL

Phase Lock LoopPhase Lock Loop

Transmit Transmit Operating Operating FrequencyFrequency

Receive Receive Operating Operating FrequencyFrequency

PLLPLL

c. Dual RF Synthesizer• Set transmit side to operating frequency and tune Phase Lock Loop (PLL) Circuit by

adjusting Tuning knob until meter is in the green area and summary fault is off.• Set receive side to operating frequency and tune Phase Lock Loop Circuit by adjusting

Tuning knob until meter is in the green area and summary fault is off.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation –Hands-on/Performance Check PointSystem Operation System Operation ––HandsHands--on/Performance Check Pointon/Performance Check Point

•• Instructors will demonstrate upInstructors will demonstrate up--converter, downconverter, down--converter, RF Synthesizer procedureconverter, RF Synthesizer procedure

•• Students will perform upStudents will perform up--converter, downconverter, down--converter, RF Synthesizer procedureconverter, RF Synthesizer procedure

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





True or False:

For normal operation, U-Links must be installed on the IF DataPatch Panel.

Pick the incorrect statement about the OAC:

• The oscillator with the highest gain will switch to online• First oscillator to stabilize will switch to online• 10 minute delay for oscillator warm-up• Oscillator outputs checked at 1 minute intervals

True or False: For normal operation, U-Links must be installed on the IF Data Patch Panel.

Pick the incorrect statement about the OAC. a. The oscillator with the highest gain will switch to onlineb. First oscillator to stabilize will switch to onlinec. 10 minute delay for oscillator warm-upd. Oscillator outputs checked at 1 minute intervals

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – High Power AmplifierSystem Operation System Operation –– High Power AmplifierHigh Power Amplifier

Waveguide Ports must be connected to one Waveguide Ports must be connected to one of the following:of the following:•• AntennaAntenna•• Internal Dummy LoadInternal Dummy Load•• External Dummy LoadExternal Dummy Load

Warning Warning –– Never have open waveguide ports. Never have open waveguide ports. Open waveguide ports expose personnel to Open waveguide ports expose personnel to radiation.radiation.

d. HPA Setup• In this section we will go over HPA tuning procedures. • In the System End-to-End block we will put everything we have learned together.• HPA Tuning checklist handout

Warning – Never have open waveguide ports. Open waveguide ports expose personnel to radiation

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – High Power Amplifier (cont.)System Operation System Operation –– High Power Amplifier High Power Amplifier (cont.)(cont.)

•• CONTROLCONTROL--BEAM BEAM VOLTAGE Toggle VOLTAGE Toggle switch OFFswitch OFF

•• HPA Circuit Breaker HPA Circuit Breaker ONON

BITE CompartmentBITE Compartment

Control Beam Control Beam Voltage Toggle Voltage Toggle SwitchSwitch

Make sure this switch is OFF prior to turning on the HPA power circuit breaker. • Make sure the CONTROL-BEAM VOLTAGE Toggle switch is OFF prior to turning on the

HPA power circuit breaker. • BITE compartment contains the alarm matrix panel for HPA

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





HPA Tuning CompartmentHPA Tuning Compartment•• Match Serial NumbersMatch Serial Numbers•• Tune to nearest specified frequencyTune to nearest specified frequency•• Turn TUNERS 1Turn TUNERS 1--5 to match CAV values 15 to match CAV values 1--55

Serial #Serial # Tuners Tuners

HPA Tuning CompartmentMatch Serial NumbersTune to nearest specified frequencyTurn TUNERS 1-5 to match CAV values 1-5

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – High Power Amplifier (cont.)System Operation System Operation –– High Power Amplifier High Power Amplifier (cont.)(cont.)HPA Tuning HPA Tuning CompartmentCompartment•• Turn Bandpass Turn Bandpass

Filter Dial to Filter Dial to specified transmit specified transmit frequencyfrequency

•• Turn Drive Adjust Turn Drive Adjust control fully CWcontrol fully CW

Bandpass Filter DialBandpass Filter Dial

Drive Adjust ControlDrive Adjust Control

SerialSerial ##CAV Tuners CAV Tuners

Compression Calibration ControlCompression Calibration Control

HPA Tuning Compartment• Turn Bandpass Filter Dial to specified transmit frequency• Drive Adjust control fully CW

Instruction Notes:

• Dial up the number, do not dial down to the number.

• If tuned past the number, go down one complete turn, then back up to the desired setting.

• Never pass zero on the Klystron.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation –High Power Amplifier ActivationSystem Operation System Operation ––High Power Amplifier ActivationHigh Power Amplifier Activation

Check Mode Check Mode ““FILFIL”” LED is litLED is lit•• Move KLYSTRON meter select switch to BEAM X 1K Move KLYSTRON meter select switch to BEAM X 1K •• BITE compartment panel set RANGE to HI or LO BITE compartment panel set RANGE to HI or LO

MODE MODE ““FILFIL”” LEDLED

HI or LOHI or LO

Before activating the HPA, wait for the filament to warm up. This is done once the “FIL” LED is lit, which takes approximately 5 minutes.

• Note the location of this LED. • Now turn switch to Beam X 1K.• The BITE compartment is located at the top left of the HPA cabinet. • The RANGE toggle switch in the BITE compartment is set for either HI or LO.

Instructor Note:If the operator attempts to turn on the unit before 5 minutes, the unit will fault out

and the five-minute waiting period will re-start.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





CONTROLCONTROL--BEAM VOLTAGE switch ONBEAM VOLTAGE switch ON•• KLYSTRON meter observe 6 KV KLYSTRON meter observe 6 KV ±± 0.1 KV (LO), 0.1 KV (LO),

or 7.6 KV or 7.6 KV ±± 0.1 KV (HI)0.1 KV (HI)

Control Beam Control Beam Voltage SwitchVoltage Switch

Klystron MeterKlystron Meter

• Make sure drive adjust is fully attenuated before proceeding. • Turn the Control Beam Voltage switch to ON.• Then rotate Klystron switch to Beam X 1K. • Observe 6 KV +/- .1 KV in the LO setting, or observe 7.6 KV +/- .1 KV in the HI setting.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





•• RF INPUT meter select to DRIVERF INPUT meter select to DRIVE

RF INPUT RF INPUT meter selectmeter select

• Note the RF INPUT meter on the slide above.• Rotate meter select to the DRIVE position.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





•• RF OUTPUTRF OUTPUT--TROPO TROPO ““REFLECTED PWRREFLECTED PWR”” meter select meter select to KLYSTRONto KLYSTRON

• Note the RF OUTPUT TROPO REFLECTED PWR meter on the slide above.• Rotate selector to KLYSTRON position.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – High Power Amplifier (cont.)System Operation System Operation –– High Power Amplifier High Power Amplifier (cont.)(cont.)•• For For LO beam voltage settingLO beam voltage setting, turn DRIVE, turn DRIVE--ADJUST control to ADJUST control to

obtain a reading of .2 kW on RF OUTPUTobtain a reading of .2 kW on RF OUTPUT--TROPO TROPO ““FORWARD FORWARD PWRPWR”” meter.meter.

•• For For HI beam voltage settingHI beam voltage setting, turn DRIVE, turn DRIVE--ADJUST control to ADJUST control to obtain a reading of 0.4 kW on RF OUTPUTobtain a reading of 0.4 kW on RF OUTPUT--TROPO TROPO ““FORWARD FORWARD PWRPWR”” metermeter

• Note the Drive Adjust control on the slide above. • Adjust this control for the appropriate drive level according to whether they are in the LO

power setting or the HI power setting. • Observe the RF OUTPUT TROPO FORWARD PWR meter (shown on previous slide) while

adjusting the drive adjust control for the proper level.• Note the RF OUTPUT TROPO FORWARD PWR meter on the previous slide.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Hold DRIVEHold DRIVE--ADJUST/CALIBRATE switch in CALIBRATE, ADJUST/CALIBRATE switch in CALIBRATE, and adjust compression calibration control to obtain and adjust compression calibration control to obtain DRIVEDRIVEmeter reading in green areameter reading in green area

Compression Calibration ControlCompression Calibration Control

Drive Meter & Calibrate SwitchDrive Meter & Calibrate Switch

• Note the gain compression control on the slide above, and also the DRIVE-ADJUST/CALIBRATE toggle switch on the slide 2 views prior.

• Go briefly to that slide and note the toggle switch. • Point out that this switch is spring loaded: Hold it in the calibrate position while adjusting the

gain compression adjust.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





•• Set KLYSTRON meter select switch to BODY X 0.01Set KLYSTRON meter select switch to BODY X 0.01•• Meter should not read above 50 milliamps (5 on meter) Meter should not read above 50 milliamps (5 on meter)

during the rest of this procedureduring the rest of this procedure

• Note the KLYSTRON meter on the slide above. Rotate the meter select switch to the BODY X 0.01 position.

• Meter should never read above 50 milli-amps during the rest of this procedure. A reading greater than 50 means that the unit is improperly tuned.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Hold DRIVEHold DRIVE--ADJUST/CALIBRATE switch at ADJUST while ADJUST/CALIBRATE switch at ADJUST while adjusting Drive Adjust control to obtain a reading in the adjusting Drive Adjust control to obtain a reading in the green area, or 5 (50 mA) on the KLYSTRON meter, green area, or 5 (50 mA) on the KLYSTRON meter, whichever occurs firstwhichever occurs first

Hold DRIVE-ADJUST/CALIBRATE switch at ADJUST while adjusting Drive Adjust control to obtain a reading in the green area, or 5 on the KLYSTRON meter, whichever occurs first

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation –Hands On / Performance Check PointSystem Operation System Operation ––Hands On / Performance Check PointHands On / Performance Check Point

•• Instructor demonstrate HPA Tuning procedure.Instructor demonstrate HPA Tuning procedure.•• Students perform HPA Tuning procedure.Students perform HPA Tuning procedure.

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Unit 4Operations





Time for questions

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Unit 4Operations





•• Digital Voice OrderwireDigital Voice Orderwire•• Quick Reaction Antenna Quick Reaction Antenna •• Link ActivationLink Activation

During this portion of the training we will be covering the DVOW, the QRA, and Link Activation procedures.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – Digital Voice OrderwireSystem Operation System Operation –– Digital Voice OrderwireDigital Voice Orderwire

Loading Procedure for KYLoading Procedure for KY--58 58 •• Power switch onPower switch on•• Mode switch to zero allMode switch to zero all•• Fill device (KYKFill device (KYK--13) with key attached to panel13) with key attached to panel•• Handset: noise onlyHandset: noise only•• Mode switch to loadMode switch to load•• KYKKYK--13 turned ON, key selected13 turned ON, key selected•• Handset PushHandset Push--toto--TalkTalk•• Handset: no noiseHandset: no noise•• Handset PushHandset Push--toto--TalkTalk•• Turn off and remove KYKTurn off and remove KYK--1313•• KYKY--58 mode switch to crypto58 mode switch to crypto

6. Digital Voice Orderwire: • The following is for informational purposes only. • This class will not have access to crypto keys for crypto gear.

a. KY-58 • Power switch on• Mode switch to zero all• Fill device (KYK-13) with key attached to panel• Handset : noise only• Mode switch to load• KYK-13 turned ON, key selected• Handset Push-to-Talk• Handset: no noise• Handset Push-to-Talk• Turn off and remove KYK-13• KY-58 mode switch to crypto

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation –Quick Reaction Antenna (QRA) System Operation System Operation ––Quick Reaction Antenna (QRA) Quick Reaction Antenna (QRA)

•• Site PreparationSite Preparation•• Antenna Erection Antenna Erection •• Lightning Protection Assembly (LPA) Erection Lightning Protection Assembly (LPA) Erection

ProcedureProcedure

7. Quick Reaction Antenna: • The normal operation of the QRA begins with site preparation.

• This involves the proper trailer positioning and then proper shelter positioning. • After we learn how to do this we will learn about trailer orientation and antenna

erection procedures. • The key point to remember is that if the antenna isn’t positioned correctly, the

radio link will not work!• Hard Hats and gloves must be worn when setting up or tearing down the antenna

system. • Some items are heavy and require 2 man lifting. • Watch out for pinch points when removing pins from items that swing out when

unpinned. • Care must also be taken when jacking up the antenna. • Make sure that antenna jackscrew is turned in the proper direction as damage

to the trailer can occur if the jackscrew is turned in the wrong direction. • Lightning Protection Assembly (LPA) Erection Procedure

We will be reviewing the setup procedures for the QRA. Later on, in System End-to-End, we will actually setup the equipment.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – Quick Reaction Antenna (cont.)System Operation System Operation –– Quick Reaction Quick Reaction Antenna (cont.)Antenna (cont.)

Site PreparationSite Preparation•• Trailer SitingTrailer Siting

Remove Pocket Compass Remove Pocket Compass from Accessory casefrom Accessory caseMark rough center position Mark rough center position for trailerfor trailerMark transmission azimuth Mark transmission azimuth directiondirectionMark trailer tongue positionMark trailer tongue position

Site Preparation• Trailer Siting

• Remove Pocket Compass from Accessory case in QRA• Mark rough Center position for trailer• Mark transmission azimuth direction• Mark trailer tongue position

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Site PreparationSite Preparation•• Shelter SitingShelter Siting

Position ShelterPosition ShelterInitial Trailer SetupInitial Trailer Setup

a. Review the Site Preparation and Initial Trailer setup checklists.b. Antenna Erection

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Site PreparationSite Preparation•• Trailer OrientationTrailer Orientation

Position Trailer using tow vehiclePosition Trailer using tow vehicleDead LegDead LegDisconnect trailer Disconnect trailer Make final alignments to trailer and set brakesMake final alignments to trailer and set brakesInstallation of BaseplatesInstallation of Baseplates

Make sure personnel have safety equipment on prior to actually performing these steps.

Site Preparation:• Trailer Orientation

• Position Trailer using tow vehicle• Pin Dead Leg in place before disconnecting from tow vehicle• Disconnect trailer from tow vehicle• Make final alignments to trailer and set brakes

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Site PreparationSite Preparation•• Undo Tarpaulin tiedownsUndo Tarpaulin tiedowns•• Lift Endflaps Lift Endflaps •• Release Baseplate fasteners Release Baseplate fasteners •• Remove jack strutsRemove jack struts

(Site Preparation Continued)

• Undo Tarpaulin tiedowns• Lift Endflaps• Release Baseplate fasteners• Remove jack struts

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Site PreparationSite Preparation•• Position jack struts and BaseplatesPosition jack struts and Baseplates•• Unpin jacks Unpin jacks •• Attach jack struts and captive pinsAttach jack struts and captive pins•• Position Baseplates Position Baseplates


WARNING: Caution needs to be used when unpinning the jacks as they will swing out and down when unpinned from mounting bracket.

• Position Jack Struts and Baseplates• Unpin Jacks• Attach jack struts and captive pins• Position Baseplates

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Site PreparationSite Preparation•• Adjust Handcrank until Adjust Handcrank until

jack ball is seated jack ball is seated •• Adjust Handcranks to Adjust Handcranks to

raise trailer off groundraise trailer off ground


• Remove handcranks from tailgates • Adjust handcrank until jack ball is seated• Adjust handcranks to raise trailer off ground

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Antenna Erection Antenna Erection •• Trailer LevelingTrailer Leveling•• Removal of Trailer TarpaulinRemoval of Trailer Tarpaulin•• Unloading of Feedhorns and SparsUnloading of Feedhorns and Spars

Antenna Erection

Make sure trailer is leveled properly before standing on trailer.• Level trailer using sight bubbles (2) mounted on trailer• Remove trailer tarpaulin and tarp supports• Unload Feedhorns and Spars

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Antenna Erection Antenna Erection •• Unloading ReflectorsUnloading Reflectors

• Handle Reflectors with care. • Do not drop reflectors when unloading them. • Do not place them face down on the ground.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





•• Attachment of Forward Attachment of Forward and Rear Extension and Rear Extension TubesTubes

Handle Extension tubes carefully.

Note mounting instructions in checklist and observe slide above.• Attachment of Forward and Rear Extension Tubes

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





•• Attachment of Forward Attachment of Forward and Rear Azimuth and Rear Azimuth ActuatorsActuators

•• HandHand--tight screwstight screws

• Handle Extension tubes with care as one end is heavier than the other. • Line up alignment pins on extension tubes and insert carefully. • Tighten retaining screws hand-tight only.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Antenna Erection Antenna Erection

• Remove and Install Azimuth Actuators.• Before raising the antenna, release the tie-down strut.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





•• Attachment of Forward ReflectorAttachment of Forward Reflector•• Attachment of Forward FeedhornAttachment of Forward Feedhorn•• Attachment of Rear Reflector and AZ/El SensorAttachment of Rear Reflector and AZ/El Sensor

• Carefully attach reflectors to mounting hubs as shown above.• Attach Forward and Rear Feedhorns and AZ / EL Sensor on Rear Antenna

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Antenna Erection Antenna Erection •• Attachment of Rear Attachment of Rear

FeedhornFeedhorn•• Attachment of Attachment of

Messenger CablesMessenger Cables•• Attachment of Antenna Attachment of Antenna

Waveguide and CablesWaveguide and Cables

Antenna Erection Continued• Attach Rear Feedhorn• Attach messenger cables • Attach Antenna Waveguide and cables

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Antenna Erection Antenna Erection •• Anchor Deployment ProcedureAnchor Deployment Procedure•• Antenna Erection ProcedureAntenna Erection Procedure•• Connection of Antenna to ShelterConnection of Antenna to Shelter•• AZ/EL Mechanical AdjustmentAZ/EL Mechanical Adjustment

Antenna Erection continued• Make sure only one person turns jack to raise the antenna, turning it in the counter

clockwise direction.• After being fully raised, engage pintle locks on folding arms.• Connection of Antenna to Shelter• AZ/EL Mechanical Adjustment

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation –Hands-On Point, QRA SetupSystem Operation System Operation ––HandsHands--On Point, QRA SetupOn Point, QRA Setup

Instructor demonstrates QRA Setup Instructor demonstrates QRA Setup procedure.procedure.

Students perform QRA Setup procedure.Students perform QRA Setup procedure.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





Lightning Protection Assembly (LPA) Lightning Protection Assembly (LPA) Erection ProcedureErection Procedure•• Setting LPA AnchorsSetting LPA Anchors•• LPA setupLPA setup

Review Lightning Protection Assembly instructions.

• Refer to T.M. 11-5820-934-13-2-1, para 2-6.3. • Pass out copies of LPA Setup Procedure.• For this class we will not be setting up the Lightning Protection Antenna but we have included

a checklist for students to use.

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations




System Operation – Link Activation ProcedureSystem Operation System Operation –– Link Activation Link Activation ProcedureProcedure

•• Perform Shelter Setup ProcedurePerform Shelter Setup Procedure•• Perform Shelter Grounding ProcedurePerform Shelter Grounding Procedure•• Perform Prime Power ApplicationPerform Prime Power Application•• Power Up All Major ComponentsPower Up All Major Components

8. Link Activation Procedure:

Review link activation procedures.

HANDOUT: Shelter Setup and Grounding Procedures.

• Review Shelter Setup Procedure• Review Shelter Grounding Procedure• Review Prime Power Application• Review Power Up of All Major Components• 39H55M

Student Studyguide

Unit 4Operations





SUMMARY:1. During this lesson you were given a safety briefing specific to the AN/TRC-170(V)3

and then informal lectures and demonstrations of the power-up, setup, and normal operation of each system component of the AN/TRC-170(V)3 Digital Troposcatter Communications System.


END

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance

NOTE: Show slide #1



Unit 5Maintenance

Unit 5Unit 5MaintenanceMaintenance

TITLE: Maintenance

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

Action:The student will be able to describe and demonstrate general preventive maintenance functions and general troubleshooting, fault resolution, system monitoring and line replaceable units for each area of the system for the AN/TRC-170(V)3 Digital Troposcatter Communications System.

Conditions:The student will be given informal lecture and demonstrations on the general preventive maintenance functions and general troubleshooting, fault resolution, system monitoring and line replaceable units for each area of the system for the AN/TRC-170(V)3

Standard:The student will be able to correctly describe the key concepts of the general preventive maintenance functions and general troubleshooting, fault resolution, system monitoring and line replaceable units for each area of the system for the AN/TRC-170(V)3.

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS:Be aware of the possibility of electrical shock when working with electronic equipment. Be aware of lift hazards, observe safety regulations


RESOURCE NEEDS/REFERENCES:Communication System AN/TRC-170(V)3, PowerPoint Presentation “Unit 5”, Laptop and Overhead Projector, TM 11-5820-934-13-2, CSI Manual 142F009900-1 and AN/TRC-170(V)3 Student Studyguide

METHODS OF INSTRUCTION:Informal Lecture, Demonstration and Performance

TIME: 16.0 Academic Hours

NOTES TO INSTRUCTOR:1. Ensure all resources and references are present.2. Observe and be aware of safety hazards

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance

NOTE: Show slide #2


AN/TRC 170 Training 2Maintenance

MaintenanceMaintenanceMaintenance

OverviewOverview•• General preventive maintenance functions General preventive maintenance functions •• General troubleshootingGeneral troubleshooting•• Fault resolutionFault resolution•• Line replaceable units (LRUs) for each area of Line replaceable units (LRUs) for each area of

the systemthe system•• General system monitoringGeneral system monitoring

INTRODUCTION:Elapsed Time

In this lesson we will cover general preventive maintenance functions for the AN/TRC-170(V)3. Then we’ll cover the general troubleshooting, fault resolution, general system monitoring, and line replaceable units for each area of the system.

Overview• General preventive maintenance functions • General troubleshooting• Fault resolution• Line replaceable units (LRUs) for each area of the system• General system monitoring

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance

NOTE: Show slide #3



General MaintenanceGeneral MaintenanceGeneral Maintenance

•• CleaningCleaningoo General HousecleaningGeneral Housecleaningoo Securing cables and equipmentSecuring cables and equipment

BODY:A General Maintenance

Maintenance procedures are divided into two categories: routine and corrective.• Routine maintenance includes the cleaning of equipment and filters, checking

connectors to ensure they are tight, and inspecting for frayed or damaged cables.• Routine maintenance also includes periodic maintenance inspections that check for the

proper operation of the equipment.• Corrective maintenance is performed in response to an equipment alarm or interruption

of traffic.

1. Cleaning: • General housecleaning of the equipment includes wiping off surfaces using a clean cloth

and a general cleaning agent. • As part of this make sure all covers are in place and secured and any loose patch cables

are stored properly.a. Air Filters:

• Dust and sand can clog the filters, restricting air flow, which could then cause overheating.

• Filters must be removed, cleaned and or replaced if necessary. • Refer to shelter diagrams to locate all filters. • Filters must be cleaned more frequently in a dusty or a sandy environment.• Exterior Inlet and Exhaust Filters:

• All exterior filters are secured with cross tip screws. • Remove them and pull out the filters. • Clean the filters by using compressed air or pressurized water. • After drying reinstall the filters and secure.

• CS6716 Modem Filter• The filter is accessed by loosening the front panel retaining screws to open the

panel. • Remove the six screws the hold the front panel and put them in a safe

place. • Clean and dry the filter. • Replace the filter and use the six screws to secure it in place.• Close and secure the front panel.

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance

NOTE: Show slide #4



Maintenance – CleaningMaintenance Maintenance –– CleaningCleaning

•• Air FilterAir Filter•• RacksRacks•• Component Component

SurfacesSurfaces

a. Air Filters: • Dust and sand can clog the filters, restricting air flow, which could then cause

overheating. • Filters must be removed, cleaned and or replaced if necessary. • Refer to shelter diagrams to locate all filters. • Filters must be cleaned more frequently in a dusty or a sandy environment.• Exterior Inlet and Exhaust Filters:

• All exterior filters are secured with cross tip screws. • Remove them and pull out the filters. • Clean the filters by using compressed air or pressurized water and let

dry. • When dry, reinstall the filters and secure.

• CS6716 Modem Filter• The filter is accessed by loosening the front panel retaining screws to open the

panel. • Remove the six screws the hold the front panel and put them in a safe

place. • Clean and dry the filter. • Replace the filter and use the six screws to secure it in place.• Close and secure the front panel.

b. Racks: • Clean equipment racks with a clean cloth and a general cleaning agent (e.g.,

water). c. Component Surfaces:

• Check all component surfaces looking for bent, damaged or otherwise unserviceable areas.

• Ensure that switches, knobs and dials are in the proper working order.

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance

NOTE: Show slide #5



Maintenance – InspectionMaintenance Maintenance –– InspectionInspection

•• Physical InspectionPhysical Inspection•• Check for Broken or Damaged Cables, Check for Broken or Damaged Cables,

Patches, HardwarePatches, Hardware•• Replace or repair as necessaryReplace or repair as necessary•• Refer to PMCS for inspection intervalsRefer to PMCS for inspection intervals

2. Inspection:Requires the following: • Physically checking the equipment for problems • Sliding equipment out of the rack shelves and checking the cables and connections in

back of the equipment for broken or damaged cables, patches, hardware, brackets, etc.

• Replace or repair as necessary• Refer to PMCS for inspection intervals

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance

NOTE: Show slide #6



Physical Inspection - WaveclampPhysical Inspection Physical Inspection -- WaveclampWaveclamp

Inspect the wave clamp Inspect the wave clamp

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance

NOTE: Show slide #7



Physical Inspection – Waveguide ClampPhysical Inspection Physical Inspection –– Waveguide ClampWaveguide Clamp

Waveguide Waveguide andand QRA QRA connectors connectors separatingseparating due to due to excessive excessive Waveguide Waveguide weight.weight.

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance

NOTE: Show slide #8



Physical Inspection – Waveguide ClampPhysical Inspection Physical Inspection –– Waveguide ClampWaveguide Clamp

A nickel is added A nickel is added to create the to create the tension needed to tension needed to compensate for the compensate for the separation. separation.

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance

NOTE: Show slide #9



Physical Inspection – TED PatchesPhysical Inspection Physical Inspection –– TED PatchesTED Patches

TED PatchTED Patch

IF/DATA Patch Panel IF/DATA Patch Panel Baseband or TED/DAR Patch Baseband or TED/DAR Patch PanelPanel

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Unit 5Maintenance




Physical Inspection – DAR ModemPhysical Inspection Physical Inspection –– DAR ModemDAR Modem

DAR ModemDAR Modem

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Unit 5Maintenance




Maintenance – Performance Check PointMaintenance Maintenance –– Performance Check PointPerformance Check Point

•• Instructors will demonstrate cleaning of exterior Instructors will demonstrate cleaning of exterior air filterair filter

•• Students will perform cleaning of exterior air Students will perform cleaning of exterior air filterfilter

Hands-on

• Instructors will demonstrate cleaning of exterior air filter

• Students will perform cleaning of exterior air filter

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance




TroubleshootingTroubleshootingTroubleshooting

•• Refer to manualsRefer to manuals•• Observe safety practicesObserve safety practices

B. Troubleshooting:

• Refer to Chapter 6 of TM 11-5820-934-13-2-1 and the CS6716 manuals for specific troubleshooting and fault isolation procedures as well as fold-outs (FO).

• Remember to observe safety practices when working on or near electrical equipment.

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Unit 5Maintenance




Fault IsolationFault IsolationFault Isolation

1. Fault Isolation: • This class teaches general fault isolation and troubleshooting. • For more information on this subject refer to Chapter 6, table 6-2, of TM 11-5820-

934-13-2-1. • Troubleshooting is performed with the aid of the 7A2 Alarm Monitor and the BITE

circuitry. • Faults are referred to the intermediate maintenance level when they cannot be

located using fault isolation.

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Unit 5Maintenance




Fault Isolation – HPA Fault Isolation Fault Isolation –– HPA HPA

•• Alarm Matrix Alarm Matrix (CCA)(CCA)

•• Built In Test Built In Test Equipment (BITE) Equipment (BITE) CircuitryCircuitry

Alarm MatrixAlarm Matrix

a. HPA: Fault isolation of the HPA will center on the Alarm Matrix card and the BITE Circuit. For specific information on fault isolation, refer to FO 58 in TM.

1. Alarm Matrix Card: • This card identifies symptoms of major problems. • For specific troubleshooting of the HPA refer to TM 11-5820-934-13-2-1,

Chapter 6, Table 6-2 for fault isolation and troubleshooting procedures. This TM will be referred to in subsequent slides.

2. BITE Circuit: • This will alert the operator to a fault condition in the HPA.

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance




Fault Isolation – Troposcatter Up-ConverterFault Isolation Fault Isolation –– Troposcatter UpTroposcatter Up--ConverterConverter

•• Summary Alarm LEDSummary Alarm LED•• BITEBITE

b. Troposcatter Up-Converter: Refer to FO 56 for fault isolation and troubleshooting.

Summary Alarm LED: Lights when an alarm condition has been detected.

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Unit 5Maintenance




Fault Isolation –Troposcatter Down-ConverterFault Isolation Fault Isolation ––Troposcatter DownTroposcatter Down--ConverterConverter


c. Troposcatter Down-Converter: • Refer to FO 59 for fault isolation information on the Down-Converter.

Summary Alarm LED: Lights when an alarm condition has been detected.

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Unit 5Maintenance




Fault Isolation – Dual RF SynthesizerFault Isolation Fault Isolation –– Dual RF SynthesizerDual RF Synthesizer


d. Dual RF Synthesizer: • Refer to FO 57 for specific information on the Dual RF Synthesizer.

Summary Alarm LED: Lights when an alarm condition has been detected in the Dual RF Synthesizer.

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Unit 5Maintenance




Fault Isolation – DAR ModemFault Isolation Fault Isolation –– DAR ModemDAR Modem

LED Fault PanelLED Fault Panel

e. DAR Modem:• Fault LEDs on DAR Modem indicate transmit, receive, timing and over

temperature fault conditions.• Refer to FOs 60,61,62 & 66 for fault isolation flowcharts on the Modulator.• Refer to FOs 63,64,65 & 66 for fault isolation flowcharts on the Demodulator.

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance




Fault Isolation – CS6716 ModemFault Isolation Fault Isolation –– CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

•• Alarm Code Alarm Code DisplayedDisplayed

•• Use Front Use Front Panel Interface Panel Interface

•• Faulty LRUs Faulty LRUs are hot are hot swappableswappable

f. CS6716 Modem• The CS6716 Modem Major and Minor Alarm LEDs are available on the CS6716

front panel to reflect the current alarm status• Detailed status can be obtained via the front panel menu• Alarm Code Displayed• Use Front Panel Interface • Faulty Line Replaceable Units (LRU) are hot swappable. Be sure to slide the

power switch on the PCB to the OFF position when hot swapping the cards. Ensure the new card is OFF before replacing it. When card is in place, slide switch to ON.

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Unit 5Maintenance




Fault Isolation – CS6716 Modem Monitor and Alarm DisplayFault Isolation Fault Isolation –– CS6716 Modem CS6716 Modem Monitor and Alarm DisplayMonitor and Alarm Display

• Alarm Code Displayed• A Major Alarm is issued when a fault is detected that could affect user data

traffic. • An automatic switchover to the redundant modem will be initiated unless a

Major Alarm is already present on the redundant card set.• A Minor Alarm is issued when a fault is detected that normally does not affect

mission (data channel) traffic and there is no automatic switchover on Minor Alarms.

• Use Front Panel Interface • Alarm detail can be obtained via the Modem front panel alarm menu.

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance




Fault Isolation – CS6716 Modem Front Panel OperationFault Isolation Fault Isolation –– CS6716 Modem CS6716 Modem Front Panel OperationFront Panel Operation

Menu Option Description

LOOPBACKS, F.P. LED TEST, F.P. DISPLAY TESTDIAG

RXGAIN, DIVERSITY, MISC, FLOWCTL, CLKINV SETUP

CALIBRATION, VERSIONSMAINT

AUTOMODE, SWITCH TO MODEM A/B , MANUAL MODESWITCH

CONFIGURATION INFORMATIONINFO

RATES, DATA CH, FEC, BERT, DEFAULT, ALPCCONFIG

Modem State: OFF LINE or ON LINE ON/OFFLINE

SUMMARY, ALARMS, RSL, TEMP, AGC, TX APC, BERT, FAN MONITOR

Sub-MenusMenu

• Keypad and Display: using the Command/Control keypad ◄ or ► (arrow left or arrow right) keys and viewing the display menu options allows interrogation to determine the source and nature of the reported fault.

• Depending on the severity and nature of a reported alarm, the modem will: • Continue operation.• Continue operation under reduced capability.• Switch to the redundant modem.• Be unable to maintain communications.

• There are no user-replaceable components in the CS6716 Modem. Operator actionable items are limited to the replacement of an LRU.

• When a fault occurs, corrective action includes replacing one or more of the following Line Replaceable Units (LRU) subassemblies:

• Analog Board• Processor Board• Front panel display board• Fans

• If the modem is able to continue operating (Minor Alarm), repairs can be delayed until a convenient maintenance period.

• If the fault has forced the modem to switch to the redundant set (Major Alarm), repairs should be scheduled for a more convenient time to replace the faulty LRU.

• Fatal errors require immediate attention. • Neither the Processor Board nor the Analog Board is field repairable. • If a failure occurs on the backplane, the entire modem will have to be replaced.• If a failure occurs with the front panel or its attached ribbon cables, the modem will

continue to operate in its current configuration. Repair of these items will require the modem to be powered down in order to replace them.

• If replacing one or more of these subassemblies did not correct the indicated fault, the entire modem will have to be replaced.

• Faulty LRU are hot swappable (with PCB power switch OFF)

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Unit 5Maintenance




Fault Isolation – CS6716 Modem DisplayFault Isolation Fault Isolation –– CS6716 Modem DisplayCS6716 Modem Display

Alarm Results Example Alarm Results Example

144 DIG MINOR MODEM A CUR 001 OF 009

CHKFLT: DEG FRAME SYNC CLK INPUT MISSING

Alarm Number

Alarm Source

Alarm Severity

Affected Modem

Current Or Historical Alarm

Alarm Sequence Number

(based on selected view)

Alarm Description

Front Panel

Display Window

• The user can fully control and monitor the operation of the CS6716 from the front panel using the keypad and display. Nested menus are used, which display all available options, and prompt the user to carry out a required action.

• The status LEDs provide a visual indication of the health and operating status of the modem.

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Unit 5Maintenance




Fault Isolation – VersaMux 4000Fault Isolation Fault Isolation –– VersaMux 4000VersaMux 4000

•• Power On Self Test (POST)Power On Self Test (POST)•• Select Test from Diagnostics menuSelect Test from Diagnostics menu•• User interface modules hot swappableUser interface modules hot swappable

g. VersaMux 4000• Power On Self Test (POST):

• This series of tests checks the operational status of the VersaMux.• Select Test from Diagnostics menu• If a user module requires maintenance, the VersaMux 4000 provides the ability to hot

swap user modules. • Hot swapping allows a user circuit to be replaced without needing to disable the other

active links.• The following provides instructions on how to perform a hot-swap.

1. Initiate the hot-swap operation on the VersaMux 4000 by selecting Enable in the Diagnostics-Hot-swap menu.

2. Follow the instructions described in “Removing a Module” on page 7-6 and/or “Installing a module” on page 7-7 of Appendix D in the Modem System Upgrade Manual for CS6716 Modem.

3. Complete the hot-swap operation by selecting the Disable option for the Hot-Swap parameter.

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Unit 5Maintenance




Fault Isolation – OAC-170DFault Isolation Fault Isolation –– OACOAC--170D170D

•• Front Panel Alarm Front Panel Alarm LEDsLEDs•• Troubleshooting Chart (Table 5Troubleshooting Chart (Table 5--4) in Modem 4) in Modem

System Upgrade Manual (available on site and System Upgrade Manual (available on site and as reference material in class)as reference material in class)

h. OAC-170• Front Panel Alarm LEDs• Troubleshooting Chart (Table 5-4) in Appendix B in the Modem System Upgrade

Manual (Manual No. 142F009900-1)

OAC-170D Troubleshooting Chart• ALARM LED is not illuminated

1. No input +48V, Verify +48V PS is turned on.2. Both +48V inputs are mis-wired or not connected. Correct wiring.3. Main Board Failure. Replace OAC-170D

• ALARM LED is illuminated red1. OSC SELECT switch is not in AUTO position. Place OSC SELECT

switch into AUTO, if both oscillators are operational.2. Chassis internal temperature is above 65oC. Ensure shelter curbside

fan is operational and the environmental air is below 52oC.3. Main Board Failure. Replace OAC-170D

• OSC A (or B) LED is illuminated red1. Oscillator has failed or output power is out of adjustment. Put OSC

SELECT switch into the position of the non-failed oscillator. During maintenance down period, replace OAC-170D.

• MAINT LED is illuminated yellow1. OSC SELECT switch is not in AUTO position. Place OSC SELECT

switch into AUTO, if both oscillators are operational.2. Main Board Failure. Replace OAC-170D

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Unit 5Maintenance




Fault Isolation – OAC-170DFault Isolation Fault Isolation –– OACOAC--170D170D

70 MHz Amplifier Gain Adjustment70 MHz Amplifier Gain Adjustment•• Gain of each of 4 Amplifiers adjustable to 16 dBGain of each of 4 Amplifiers adjustable to 16 dB•• Gain from LNAs to modem adjusted for 40 dBGain from LNAs to modem adjusted for 40 dB

70 MHz Amplifier Adjustments• Gain of each of 4 Amplifiers is adjustable to 16 dB from Down-Converter outputs to

CS6716 inputs. The overall system gain from the Down-Converter input to the CS6716 Modem input is set at 40 dB.

• Remove all U Links from IF DATA Patch Panel• Set Filter Select switch to BYPASS• Connect TX1 IF output to a 16 dB inline attenuator and RX1 input

• On CS6716 Modem front panel, select ENT for menu, select Monitor, then RSL. This displays all 4 receive channel RSLs.

• Adjust RCVR1 potentiometer for -40 dBm on the modem RSL1 display• Repeat setup and adjustment for RX IF inputs 2-4• Restore to original configuration

• Equalization Procedure: This is performed to overcome gain differences found in different receivers and converters. Make sure HPA is OFF.

• Waveguide coverplates on receiver waveguide ports installed• On CS6716 Modem, select MONITOR from the Main menu, then RSL• On each down-converter, turn the Noise Test Switch to PRESELECT• On CS6716 modem front panel display, adjust RX1- RX4 potentiometers on OAC

front panel for the highest common RSL.• On down-converters, turn Noise Test Switch to OFF and restore settings

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Unit 5Maintenance




Line Replaceable Units (LRUs) Line Replaceable Units (LRUs) Line Replaceable Units (LRUs)

•• Removable and replaceable Removable and replaceable by the operatorby the operator

2. Line Replaceable Units (LRU): The following items are those at the operator level that can be removed and replaced if required. For problems that can’t be isolated to a specific LRU or when replacing the LRU doesn’t fix the problem, refer to the next level, organizational maintenance, for a solution.

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Unit 5Maintenance




LRUs – HPALRUsLRUs –– HPAHPA

•• Klystron TubeKlystron Tube•• Alarm Matrix CCAAlarm Matrix CCA•• BlowerBlower•• RF Protect and Metering CCARF Protect and Metering CCA•• High Voltage Power SupplyHigh Voltage Power Supply

2. Line Replaceable Units (LRU): a. HPA:

Refer to Para. 6-7.1 in TM 11-5820-934-13-2-1 for removal instructions for these LRUs.

Klystron TubeAlarm Matrix CCABlowerRF Protect and Metering CCAHigh Voltage Power Supply

Fast Interrupt AssemblyInvertersControl Logic Assembly CCAs

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Unit 5Maintenance




LRUs – Troposcatter Up-ConverterLRUs LRUs –– Troposcatter UpTroposcatter Up--ConverterConverter

•• FanFan•• RF Filter AssemblyRF Filter Assembly•• Intermediate Power AmplifierIntermediate Power Amplifier•• Radio Frequency AssemblyRadio Frequency Assembly•• BITE CCA (Circuit Card Assembly)BITE CCA (Circuit Card Assembly)

b. Troposcatter Up-Converter: Refer to Para 6-7.9 in TM 11-5820-934-13-2-1 for removal instructions for these LRUs.

FanRF Filter AssemblyIntermediate Power AmplifierRadio Frequency AssemblyUp-Converter BITE CCA

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Unit 5Maintenance




LRUs – Troposcatter Down-ConverterLRUsLRUs –– Troposcatter DownTroposcatter Down--ConverterConverter

•• RF AmplifierRF Amplifier•• Tunable Bandpass FilterTunable Bandpass Filter•• RF SwitchRF Switch•• RF Detector AssemblyRF Detector Assembly•• Balanced Mixer/Preamp AsseBalanced Mixer/Preamp Assemmbbllyy•• BITE CCABITE CCA

c. Troposcatter Down-Converter: Refer to Para. 6-7.10 in TM 11-5820-934-13-2-1 for removal instructions for the following LRUs.

RF AmplifierTunable Bandpass Filters

Pre-selector Filter FL1Post Selector Filter FL2

RF SwitchRF Detector AssemblyBalanced Mixer/Preamp AssemblyBITE CCA

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Unit 5Maintenance




LRUs – Dual RF SynthesizerLRUsLRUs –– Dual RF SynthesizerDual RF Synthesizer

•• IF CCAIF CCA•• Reference CCAReference CCA•• Radio Frequency and ConverterRadio Frequency and Converter•• Reference OscillatorReference Oscillator•• Multiplier, Dual FrequencyMultiplier, Dual Frequency•• Cavity OscillatorCavity Oscillator

d. Dual RF Synthesizer: Refer to Para. 6-7.11 in TM 11-5820-934-13-2-1 for removal instructions for the following LRUs.

IF CCAReference CCARadio Frequency ConverterReference OscillatorMultiplier, Dual Frequency CCACavity Oscillator

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Unit 5Maintenance




LRUs – DAR ModemLRUsLRUs –– DAR ModemDAR Modem

•• Frequency StandardFrequency Standard•• Voltage RegulatorVoltage Regulator•• Bandpass FilterBandpass Filter•• RF Power DividerRF Power Divider•• Channelizer CCAsChannelizer CCAs

e. DAR Modem: Refer to Para 6-7.12 in TM 11-5820-934-13-2-1 for removal instructions for the Modulator. Refer to Para 6-7.13 in TM 11-5820-934-13-2-1 for removal instructions for the Demodulator.

Frequency Standard – Rubidium OscillatorVoltage RegulatorBandpass FilterRF Power DividerChannelizer CCAs

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Unit 5Maintenance




LRUs – CS6716 ModemLRUsLRUs –– CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

•• Analog BoardAnalog Board•• Processor BoardProcessor Board•• Front Panel Display BoardFront Panel Display Board•• FansFans

f. CS6716 Modem: Refer to Para 7.5 of the CS6716 Operation and Maintenance Manual (Manual

142F009700) located in Appendix C of the Modem System Upgrade Manual (Manual 142F009900-1) for LRU removal instructions.

• Analog Board• Processor Board• Front Panel Display Board• Fans

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Unit 5Maintenance




LRUs – VersaMux 4000LRUs LRUs –– VersaMux 4000VersaMux 4000

The following LRUs are replaceable at the The following LRUs are replaceable at the operator level.operator level.

Fiber / Cu moduleFiber / Cu module NRZ moduleNRZ module

g. VersaMux 4000: Refer to Chapter 7 of the VersaMux Operation and Installation Guide (located in

Appendix D of Manual 142F009900-1) for instructions on removing the following LRUs.

• Fiber / Cu module• NRZ module

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Unit 5Maintenance




LRUs – OAC-170LRUs LRUs –– OACOAC--170170

•• OACOAC--170D170D

OAC-170 R&R: 1. Remove the four screws securing the Modem Upgrade equipment shelf to the

rack.2. Slide the equipment shelf out of rack to obtain access to rear cabling.3. Remove the following cables from the OAC-170D:

• W006 from J1• W1003 from J2• W1004 from J3• W317 from J4• W318 from J5• W301 to W304 from J10• W307 to W310 from J11

4. Ground cable from #8-32 GND Stud.5. Slide the equipment shelf back into the rack to provide room in front of the

equipment shelf.6. Remove the four screws securing the OAC-170D to the Modem Upgrade

equipment shelf and slide the OAC-170D chassis out of the equipment shelf.

NOTE: Installation is the reverse of above.

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Unit 5Maintenance




LRUs – 48 VDC Power SupplyLRUs LRUs –– 48 VDC Power Supply48 VDC Power Supply

Dual Redundant Power SuppliesDual Redundant Power Supplies

i. 48 VDC Power Supply: Refer to Chapter 5.0 Maintenance, Mercury 1U Power Shelf Installation Manual

(located in Appendix E of Manual 142F009900-1), for instructions on removing and replacing the power supply.

• power supply

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Unit 5Maintenance




System MonitoringSystem MonitoringSystem Monitoring

In the following section we will be reviewing system monitoring procedures.

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance




System Monitoring – AlarmsSystem Monitoring System Monitoring –– AlarmsAlarms

C. System Monitoring1. Alarms:

• The 7A2 Alarm Monitor provides a Green/Red fault tree for systemmonitoring purposes.

• RSL and Bit Error Rates (BER), are also monitored here.

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Unit 5Maintenance




System Monitoring – HPASystem Monitoring System Monitoring –– HPAHPA

•• Alarm MatrixAlarm Matrix•• Summary Alarm LEDSummary Alarm LED•• Low Power AlarmLow Power Alarm

Need Picture of Alarm MatrixNeed Picture of Alarm Matrixwith door openwith door open

a. HPA• Alarm Matrix• Summary Alarm LED• Low Power Alarm:

This alarm is operator adjusted to go off when HPA output power dips below a set threshold level.

Instructor Notes:Point out alarm matrix

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Unit 5Maintenance




System Monitoring –Troposcatter Up-ConverterSystem Monitoring System Monitoring ––Troposcatter UpTroposcatter Up--ConverterConverter

Summary AlarmSummary Alarm

b. Troposcatter Up-Converter• Summary Alarm- Indicates a fault in one of the amplifier converter units, an RF

inhibit fault or a fault in the filter assembly p/o A3.

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Unit 5Maintenance




System Monitoring –Troposcatter Down-ConverterSystem Monitoring System Monitoring ––Troposcatter DownTroposcatter Down--ConverterConverter


c. Troposcatter Down-Converter• Summary Alarm- Indicates a failure of a transistor within the low noise amplifier

(AR1). This failure is also reported, via a relay closure, to the alarm monitor.

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Unit 5Maintenance




System Monitoring – Dual RF SynthesizerSystem Monitoring System Monitoring –– Dual RF SynthesizerDual RF Synthesizer


d. Dual RF Synthesizer• Summary Alarm- Indicates a fault in the receiver circuitry or incorrect tuning.

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Unit 5Maintenance




System Monitoring – CS6716 ModemSystem Monitoring System Monitoring –– CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

•• Major AlarmMajor Alarm•• Minor AlarmMinor Alarm

e. CS6716 Modem1) Major Alarm

• If a major alarm occurs, the redundancy controller will cause an automatic switch to the hot-standby modem.

• The LRUs in the modem are hot swappable. • The power to the modem can remain on while replacing an LRU.

• When replacing an LRU, power off the LRU, then disengage it from the modem’s backplane using only the ejectors on the unit’s front corners.

2) Minor Alarm• To eliminate an LRU fault, replace the faulty LRU. • If a minor alarm occurs, there is no redundancy switching

CautionReview all safety procedures and ESD requirements prior to opening the modem front panel. If the power to the modem is on, take precautions when placing hands inside an operating unit. Always remove metal jewelry, watches, rings, etc., before working on electrical circuits or any electrical equipment.

CautionDo not use any tools to remove the LRU. If one or both ejectors are damaged or broken, remove board using pliers, and replace the ejectors before replacing the LRU.

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Unit 5Maintenance




System Monitoring – CS6716 ModemLED Display - Alarm Indications

System Monitoring System Monitoring –– CS6716 ModemCS6716 ModemLED Display LED Display -- Alarm IndicationsAlarm Indications

Automatic redundancy switching Automatic redundancy switching has been disabledhas been disabled

MANUAL SWITCH =MANUAL SWITCH =

Modem is configured in a Modem is configured in a diagnostic modediagnostic mode

DIAGNOSTICS =DIAGNOSTICS =

A Minor alarm exists within the A Minor alarm exists within the modemmodem

MINOR ALARM =MINOR ALARM =

A Major alarm exists within the A Major alarm exists within the modemmodem

MAJOR ALARM =MAJOR ALARM =

Now we will cover the alarm indicators on the CS6716.

MAJOR ALARM = A Major alarm exists within the modemMINOR ALARM = A Minor alarm exists within the modemDIAGNOSTICS = Modem is configured in a diagnostic modeMANUAL SWITCH = Automatic redundancy switching has been disabled

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Unit 5Maintenance




System Monitoring – CS6716 Modem Front Panel and FanSystem Monitoring System Monitoring –– CS6716 Modem CS6716 Modem Front Panel and FanFront Panel and Fan

Front PanelFront Panel

FanFan

Front Panel Display Fault• A display error has missing characters in the display, or the entire display does

not illuminate.• Modem will continue to operate even if entire display is not working.

Fan failure• A fan failure is a minor level alarm. • However, in extreme conditions, failure of one or both fans can cause the

temperature in the modem to rise and lead to a high temperature alarm. High temperatures may lead to equipment failure of one or more LRUs.

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Unit 5Maintenance




System Monitoring – VersaMux 4000System Monitoring System Monitoring –– VersaMux 4000VersaMux 4000

Main Menu: AlarmMain Menu: Alarm--StatusStatus•• Displays active alarms, refer to table 5Displays active alarms, refer to table 5--1 of 1 of

VersaMux manual for infoVersaMux manual for info

f. VersaMux 4000• Main Menu:

• Alarm –StatusDisplays active alarms

• Selecting Alarm-Status displays a list of the alarms, and the number of occurrences of each, that have occurred since the last reset.

• In addition, the alarm statistics can be reset after viewing them. • Scroll through the active alarms using the Up and Down arrow keys on

the front panel interface. • The system displays one alarm at a time.

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AGGR LEDAGGR LED•• Red indicates faults in the aggregateRed indicates faults in the aggregate•• Yellow indicates AGGR is in loopbackYellow indicates AGGR is in loopback

• AGGR LED• Red indicates faults in the aggregate• Yellow indicates AGGR is in loopback

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CLK REF LEDCLK REF LED•• Red indicates loss of sync with timing Red indicates loss of sync with timing

referencereference

• CLK REF LED• Red indicates loss of sync with timing reference• Can also indicate that the timing reference may not be present on external

source if that has been selected• Check connection on external source if external source is present CLK REF

LED is red.

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Unit 5Maintenance





PORTS LEDPORTS LED•• Red indicates fault on one or more port cardsRed indicates fault on one or more port cards•• Yellow indicates one or more port cards in loopbackYellow indicates one or more port cards in loopback

• PORTS LED• Red indicates fault on one or more port cards (Fiber/CU)• Yellow indicates one or more port cards in loopback

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Unit 5Maintenance





FAULT LEDFAULT LED•• Red indicates one or more faults on VersaMux or the Red indicates one or more faults on VersaMux or the

unit is in hotunit is in hot--swap modeswap mode

• FAULT LED• Red indicates one or more faults on VersaMux or the unit is in hot-swap mode

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Unit 5Maintenance




System Monitoring – OAC-170DSystem Monitoring System Monitoring –– OACOAC--170D170D

Alarm LEDs Alarm LEDs •• Alarm LEDAlarm LED•• OSC A Alarm LEDOSC A Alarm LED•• OSC B OSC B AAllaarrm m LEDLED•• MAINT LEDMAINT LED

AlarmAlarmLEDLED

OSC AOSC AAlarmAlarmLEDLED

OSC BOSC BAlarmAlarmLEDLED

MAINTMAINTLEDLED

g. OAC-170D• Alarm LED:

Green – Indicates unit is powered upRed – Indicates either the OSC SEL switch is not in AUTO, internal temperature

is above 65oC or there is a failure on the main board.• OSC A ALARM LED:

Red - Indicates OSC A is failed• OSC B ALARM LED :

Red - Indicates OSC B is failed• MAINT LED :

Solid Amber – OSC SEL switch is not in AUTOFlashing Amber – 10MHz outputs disabled, power up.

Instructor Notes:

Faulty Oscillator LED indicates internal phase lock loop not locked or the output power level is low.

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Unit 5Maintenance




System Monitoring – 48 VDC Power SupplySystem Monitoring System Monitoring –– 48 VDC Power Supply48 VDC Power Supply

Front panel alarm indicatorFront panel alarm indicator

h. 48 VDC Power Supply• Front panel alarm indicator

• If green – working properly• If off – not working properly

• To remove failed unit, remove center thumbscrews, pull unit out and replace• Units are redundant and hot swappable

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Unit 5Maintenance




System Monitoring – LoopbacksSystem Monitoring System Monitoring –– LoopbacksLoopbacks

•• CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem•• VersaMux 4000VersaMux 4000•• DAR ModemDAR Modem

The following types of loopbacks will be discussed:• CS6716 Modem• VersaMux 4000• DAR Modem

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Unit 5Maintenance




Loopbacks – CS6716 ModemLoopbacks Loopbacks –– CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

Internal IF loopInternal IF loop•• Quick verification of proper modem operationQuick verification of proper modem operation•• From the top level menuFrom the top level menu

•• Select DIAGSelect DIAG•• Then LOOPBACKThen LOOPBACK•• Then LOCAL IFThen LOCAL IF

•• The modem should synchronizeThe modem should synchronize•• RX SYNC LED should illuminate green RX SYNC LED should illuminate green •• MAJOR ALARM LED should be offMAJOR ALARM LED should be off

a. CS6716 ModemInternal IF loop:

• This places the CS6716 into the loopback mode and is a quick way to verify proper operation of the modem.

• Select DIAG from the top level menu, then LOOPBACK, then LOCAL IF. • The modem should synchronize, RX SYNC LED should be green and the

MAJOR ALARM LED should be off.

Additional Info:

• The LOOPBACK command may be issued with the modem ONLINE or OFFLINE. If its OFFLINE, it must be put ONLINE for it to lock up.

• IF the RX SYNC LED does not illuminate green or is intermittent green, verify the aggregate rates between the CS6716 and VM4000 are the same.

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Unit 5Maintenance




Loopbacks – VersaMux 4000Loopbacks Loopbacks –– VersaMux 4000VersaMux 4000

•• Port 1Port 1•• Port 2Port 2•• Port 3Port 3•• Port 4Port 4•• Aggregate (Port 5)Aggregate (Port 5)

b. VersaMux: • Select from the Loopbacks sub-menu

• Aggregate• Port-1• Port-2• Port-3• Port-4

Instructor Notes:• Aggregate directs loopback towards the CS6716• Ports 1-4 direct the loopback to the SIP

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Unit 5Maintenance




Loopbacks – VersaMux 4000Loopbacks Loopbacks –– VersaMux 4000VersaMux 4000

•• No LoopNo Loop•• BiBi--directionaldirectional•• InternalInternal•• ExternalExternal

• Type Loopback• No Loop:

This ends the loopback procedure• Bi-directional:

This provides a loopback toward both • the user port and the Aggregate Port on a port module • the Aggregate Port and the mux / demux circuitry on an Aggregate

module• Internal (more information on following page)• External (more information on following page)

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Unit 5Maintenance




Loopbacks – InternalLoopbacks Loopbacks –– InternalInternal

Internal Loopback Diagram for a Port Module

Internal Loopback Diagram for an Aggregate Module

• Internal: This provides a loopback toward:• The aggregate of a port module• The mux / demux circuitry on an aggregate module

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Unit 5Maintenance




Loopbacks – External Loopbacks Loopbacks –– External External

External Loopback Diagram for a Port Module

External Loopback Diagram for an Aggregate Module

• External: This loopback provides a loopback toward:• The user port on a port module• The aggregate port on an aggregate module

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Unit 5Maintenance




Loopbacks – DAR ModemLoopbacks Loopbacks –– DAR ModemDAR Modem

IF Loopback PanelIF Loopback PanelLoopback switchesLoopback switchesAttenuation settingsAttenuation settings

c. DAR Modem: • Selected via the toggle switches on the IF Loopback panel. • Attenuation can also be inserted at this point by using the 10dB and 1dB rotating knobs

to select the amount of attenuation to insert.• IF Loopback Panel:

• This panel has 4 toggle switches for RX1-4. • Select the normal or loopback position. • If the loopback position is selected, one must also check the attenuation knobs

to see how much attenuation is being inserted. • This loopbacks the IF signal from the Up-Converter, and routes it back to the

Receivers.

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance




System Monitoring –Bit Error Rate (BER) ChecksSystem Monitoring System Monitoring ––Bit Error Rate (BER) ChecksBit Error Rate (BER) Checks

•• CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem•• VersaMux 4000VersaMux 4000•• DAR ModemDAR Modem

3. BER Checks• CS6716 Modem• VersaMux 4000• DAR Modem

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance




BER Checks – CS6716 ModemBER Checks BER Checks –– CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

Bit Error Rate Tester (BERT) Bit Error Rate Tester (BERT) ••Automatically enabled based on Service Automatically enabled based on Service

Channel bandwidthChannel bandwidth•• View Local & RemoteView Local & Remote•• Reset Local & RemoteReset Local & Remote

CS6716 Modem & BER checkBit Error Rate Test (BERT) is automatically enabled if 32Kbps of Service Channel

bandwidth is not being used by Service Channel 1 and Service Channel 2.• View Local

•Receive BER rate and estimated FEC rate if FEC is on.• View Remote

•Remote site Receive BER rate and estimated FEC rate if FEC is on.• Reset Local

•Resets local BER rate• Reset Remote

•Resets remote BER rate

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance




BER Checks – VersaMux 4000BER Checks BER Checks –– VersaMux 4000VersaMux 4000

Bit Error Rate Tester (BERT)Bit Error Rate Tester (BERT)• The VersaMux is equipped with an internal Bit

Error Rate Tester.

• This is capable of providing link quality statistics.

• Only one slot (aggregate or port) may be connected to the BERT at any given time.

a. VersaMux: • The VersaMux is equipped with an internal Bit Error Rate Tester.• This is capable of providing link quality statistics. • Only one slot (aggregate or port) may be connected to the BERT at any given time.• Bit Error Rate Tester:

Refer to table 6-2 of the VersaMux 4000 Operation and Installation Guide for BERT parameter and options.

• May use either entire bandwidth or unused bandwidth (selectable by user)

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance




BER Checks – DAR Tropo ModemBER Checks BER Checks –– DAR Tropo ModemDAR Tropo Modem

BER MeterBER Meter

b. DAR Tropo Modem: • The BER Meter monitors the BER in Long or Short measurements.

• Long takes an average reading over a 10 minute sliding window•Must run 10 minutes before an initial reading is obtained.

• Short takes an average reading over the last 106bits.

Student Studyguide

Unit 5Maintenance





SUMMARY:

• During this lesson, you were given a general preventive maintenance functions, general troubleshooting, fault resolution, general system monitoring, and line replaceable units for each area of the system for the AN/TRC-170(V)3.


THE END

Student Studyguide

Unit 6System End-to-End

NOTE: Show slide #1


AN/TRC-170 (V)3 TrainingAN/TRCAN/TRC--170 (V)3 Training170 (V)3 Training


Unit 6Unit 6System EndSystem End--toto--EndEnd

TITLE: System End-to-End


You will be able to describe the key concepts of site planning, troposcatter communications path considerations, and COMSEC equipment requirements for the AN/TRC-170(V)3. You will be able to setup, power-up, and establish normal operation for a troposcatter communications link using the AN/TRC-170(V)3 system.

Conditions:You will be given an informal lecture on the key concepts of site planning, troposcatter communications path considerations, and COMSEC equipment requirements for the AN/TRC-170(V)3 and a complete demonstration on the setup, power-up, and establish normal operation for a troposcatter communications link using the AN/TRC-170(V)3 system.

Standard:You will be able to correctly describe key concepts of site planning, troposcatter communication path considerations, and COMSEC equipment requirements for the AN/TRC-170(V)3. You will also be able to demonstrate the ability to setup, power-up, and establish normal operation for a troposcatter communications link using the AN/TRC-170(V)3 system.

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS:Be aware of the possibility of electrical shock when working with electronic equipment. Be aware of lift hazards, and observe safety regulations.


RESOURCE NEEDS/REFERENCES:Communication System AN/TRC-170(V)3, PowerPoint Presentation “Unit 6”, Laptop and Overhead Projector, TM 11-5820-934-13-2, CSI Manual 142F009900-1 and AN/TRC-170(V)3 Training Student Studyguide


TIME: 24.0 Academic and Performance Hours

Student Studyguide


NOTE: Show slide #2


AN/TRC 170 (V3) Training 2System End-to-End

System End To End OperationSystem End To End OperationSystem End To End Operation

OverviewOverview•• Site and Path Planning Considerations Site and Path Planning Considerations •• Crew Assignment SheetsCrew Assignment Sheets•• Communications Security Equipment Communications Security Equipment

(COMSEC)(COMSEC)•• WalkWalk--through of system activation through of system activation •• HandsHands--onon

INTRODUCTION:

Elapsed TimeDuring this period of instruction, you will be given a description of site planning and

troposcatter communications path considerations for the AN/TRC-170(V)3. We will also go over the use of cut-sheets and provide basic familiarization of the COMSEC equipment requirements. Once the demonstration is complete, students will practice the setup, power-up, link activation and the power-down and pack-up of the AN/TRC-170(V)3. Understanding this information will provide the base which will enable students to become proficient AN/TRC-170(V)3 operators.

Overview:• Site and Path Planning Considerations • Cut-Sheets• Communications Security Equipment• Walk-through of system activation • Hands-on


Student Studyguide


NOTE: Show slide #3



Site and Path Planning Considerations Site and Path Planning Considerations Site and Path Planning Considerations

Siting InformationSiting Information•• Topographic ConditionsTopographic Conditions•• InterferenceInterference•• Soil ConditionsSoil Conditions•• Climatic ConditionsClimatic Conditions

BODY:A. Site and Path Planning Considerations

1. Siting Informationa. Topographic Conditions:

• A good take-off angle to distant end is a must; 0 to 5 degrees usually• The higher the elevation of the site, the better

b. Interference: • Avoid sources of interference, natural or manmade• Avoid bad set-up locations such as in low areas or near buildings, trees,

mountains or other obstacles that would interfere with the signal• Avoid areas near overhead power lines and metal structures such as buildings

or bridges where possible, which could cause interference• Near power lines, maintain safety precautions of twice the distance of the

height of the antennac. Soil Conditions:

• Look for areas that are stable, that offer a good means of grounding, and have good drainage for water runoff

• Avoid areas with sandy, rocky or swampy soil, where possibled. Climatic Conditions:

• Avoid areas that are prone to weather extremes – excessive rain, lightning, wind, etc.

• Avoid areas of extremely high elevation, high rainfall and/or humidity• Look for areas that have average weather conditions where possible

Student Studyguide


NOTE: Show slide #4



Site and Path Planning ConsiderationsSite and Path Planning ConsiderationsSite and Path Planning Considerations

Siting InformationSiting Information•• Primary PowerPrimary Power•• AccessibilityAccessibility

Primary Power considerations:• When planning for power requirements, remember to consider site access to generators

and fuel tanks. • Do not place equipment where it can not be easily refueled.• Co-ordinate with the power production personnel.

Accessibility:• Crew and support personnel must have good access to the site. • Sites with less than perfect access may still be used if other factors override the lack of

good access.

Student Studyguide


NOTE: Show slide #5



Site SelectionsSite SelectionsSite Selections

Good Site?Good Site?

Bad Site?Bad Site?

Characteristics

Good BadMountainous – access considerations Setting up highTactically – exposure Better shot over the horizonGetting a good ground

Student Studyguide


NOTE: Show slide #6



Site SelectionsSite SelectionsSite Selections

Good site?Good site?

Bad site?Bad site?

Characteristics

Good BadGood grounding location If shot needs to go through trees on left, too closeIf set up close to trees, provides good coverShot straight, nice takeoff angleGood air cover from treelineFlat: easy access

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NOTE: Show slide #7



Site and Path Planning Considerations Site and Path Planning Considerations Site and Path Planning Considerations

Alternate Site LocationsAlternate Site Locations•• Always have one alternate site location that has Always have one alternate site location that has

been approved for use. been approved for use. •• Locate several alternate sites for use in case the Locate several alternate sites for use in case the

primary site will not work. primary site will not work. •• Try to locate it somewhat nearby.Try to locate it somewhat nearby.

Alternate Site Locations:• Always have one alternate site location that has been approved for use. • Locate several alternate sites for use in case the primary site will not work. • Try to locate it somewhat nearby.

Student Studyguide


NOTE: Show slide #8



Cut-SheetCutCut--SheetSheet

Purpose of CutPurpose of Cut--SheetSheet•• CS6716 ModemCS6716 Modem

•• PatchingPatching•• Forward Error Correction (FEC)Forward Error Correction (FEC)•• Data ChannelData Channel•• Service ChannelsService Channels•• OrderwireOrderwire•• CryptoCrypto

B. Cut-Sheet1. Overview

• The purpose of Cut-Sheet is to give the crew member concise set-up instructions for the AN/TRC-170(v)3 .

• All mission settings and switch positions must be identified prior to deploying for a mission.

• Cut sheets are called crew assignment sheets in the TM’s

a. CS6716 Modem• Patching required

• Insert U links for normal operation• Forward Error Correction (Yes or No)

• Forward Error Correction improves the Bit Error Rate significantly • Not required

• Data Channel • Refer to Aggregate Data Rate Chart• Aggregate rate is affected by FEC option selected• Both ends of link must have same aggregate data rate• Interface Type: RS-422

• Service Channel Rates• Two Service Channels• Service Channel 1 is used for the Orderwire, rate set for 16 Kbps• Service Channel 2 is not used, rate set for 0 Kbps

• Orderwire and Crypto requirements• If Orderwire and Crypto are required they must be identified on the cut-

sheet, correct keying material must be on hand at each end of link.

Student Studyguide


NOTE: Show slide #9




Purpose of CutPurpose of Cut--SheetSheet•• DAR modemDAR modem

•• Timing SourceTiming Source•• Mission TimingMission Timing•• Group TimingGroup Timing•• Mission RateMission Rate•• Group RateGroup Rate•• Orderwire & COMSEC Orderwire & COMSEC

b. DAR Modem (Refer to TM 11-5820-934-13-2-1 for patching options and settings)DAR Modem has 3 Timing Options1. Timing Source and Patching

• Rubidium Standard (this is the Master Timing for Link)2. Mission Timing obtained from Distant End3. Group Timing obtained via DTG on Port 1 of TGM

• Mission and Group Data Rates• Mission Data Thumbwheel is set to a rate between 128 kHz and 4608 kHz• Group rate thumbwheel is only used to clock data into port 1 of TGM from cable-

side • Refer to individual equipment TM for more specific information about DAR Modem

equipment• Digital Group Multiplex Settings for LGMs, GMs, TGM are identified on the

appropriate areas of the cut-sheet• Digital Group Multiplex Settings and Patching (Refer to Individual equipment TM

for specifics)• Refer to individual equipment TMs for more information

• Orderwire and Crypto requirements• Orderwire must be patched in on IF DATA Patch Panel and the TED must be

patched in on DATA Patch Panel

Student Studyguide






Purpose of CutPurpose of Cut--SheetSheet•• Tropo RadioTropo Radio

•• Transmit FrequenciesTransmit Frequencies•• Receive FrequenciesReceive Frequencies•• HPA SettingsHPA Settings

c. Tropo Radio (Refer to TM for frequency and HPA settings)1. Transmit and Receive Frequency settings

a. Transmit Frequencies • Transmit frequencies are set on the Dual RF Synthesizer Transmit thumbwheels

and Phase Lock-Loop, Up Converter tunable filter, and the High Power Amplifier Output filter.

• In the LOS mode, do not tune the Klystron. • In the Tropo mode, tune the Klystron.

b. Receive Frequency • Settings are made on the Dual RF Synthesizer, Receive thumbwheels and the

Down Converter Pre- and Post- Selectors.2. HPA settings are made at the HPA Cabinet.

• Refer to klystron tuning chart for specific settings to tune each cavity. • HPA settings: Cut sheets will identify high/low power setting and transmit frequency to

tune the klystron cavities.

Student Studyguide






ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities•• Complete CutComplete Cut--SheetSheet•• Sample mission sheetsSample mission sheetsPractice filling out CutPractice filling out Cut--SheetSheet

2. Responsibilities:• The Cut-Sheet SHOULD be provided• Operators may have to make own Cut-Sheet• Use the ones in the TM or design for own use

3. PracticalGiven information, complete Cut-Sheet showing all required information.a. Practice filling out Cut-Sheet using information provided.b. Complete practical exam on Cut-Sheet.

Student Studyguide





Tropo Radio Cut-SheetTropo Radio CutTropo Radio Cut--SheetSheet

Review main settings on Cut-Sheet being passed out

example

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Cut-Sheetexample

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Cut-Sheetexample

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Cut-Sheetexample

Student Studyguide





Performance Check PointPerformance Check PointPerformance Check Point

•• Instructors will pass out copies of crew Instructors will pass out copies of crew assignment sheets and place information on the assignment sheets and place information on the board.board.

•• Students will complete crew assignment sheets Students will complete crew assignment sheets and turn them in to instructors.and turn them in to instructors.

Performance Check

Student Studyguide





Communications Security EquipmentCommunications Security EquipmentCommunications Security Equipment

COMSEC Callout In AdvanceCOMSEC Callout In Advance•• List COMSEC equipment to be usedList COMSEC equipment to be used

•• KYKY--58 Secure Orderwire Unit58 Secure Orderwire Unit•• KGKG--94 TED94 TED

•• List Key Material required to be on handList Key Material required to be on hand•• KYKKYK--1313•• Key Material by Short TitleKey Material by Short Title

C. Communications Security Equipment1. COMSEC Callout In Advance

The purpose of the COMSEC Callout is to identify any COMSEC material needed for a mission in advance. Once all needed material is identified and the matching keying material is listed, then COMSEC Managers are responsible for ensuring appropriate keying material is on hand for mission requirements.

a. List COMSEC Equipment to be used• Refer to local procedures for requesting appropriate Communication Security keys• KY-58 Secure Orderwire Unit

• The KY 58 is used to secure the voice orderwire used for terminal to terminal communication. The KY 58 requires the correct cryptographic key in order to operate.

• KG-94 Trunk Encryption Device (TED)• Used for bulk encryption of mission traffic (TED 1)• Used to decrypt / encrypt GP1 data for TGM (TED 2)

b. List Key Material Required to be on hand• Key tape material may be loaded to a DTD• DTD may be used to load keys in COMSEC equipment• Key material is identified by short title, refer to local COMSEC personnel• List Key Material by Short Title • Obtain information by checking with local COMSEC personnel

Student Studyguide





Walk-through of System ActivationWalkWalk--through of System Activationthrough of System Activation

Instructors will demonstrate and students Instructors will demonstrate and students will observe (Handswill observe (Hands--on/Performance)on/Performance)

•• Antenna SetupAntenna Setup•• Setup of QRASetup of QRA•• RF Hazard ZoneRF Hazard Zone•• WaveguideWaveguide

D. Walk-Through of System Activation with instructors demonstrating and students observing.

1. Set Up (Safety Equipment required)a. Antenna

1. Set up QRA using checklist2. Lay out Radiation Hazard Fence3. Connect Waveguide to AN/TRC-170(v)3

Supporting info:• Instructors set up QRA antenna. Students observe and assist as needed• Instructors mark out radiation hazard fence locations (Simulated)• Instructors connect waveguide to shelter

Student Studyguide





Walk-through of System Activation WalkWalk--through of System Activation through of System Activation

SetupSetup•• External Power External Power •• AN/TRCAN/TRC--170(v)3 Setup 170(v)3 Setup

b. External Power1. Connect external power cable and ground to AN/TRC-170(v)3 .

• Open AN/TRC-170(v)3 and ensure all power circuit breakers are off. • Turn on external power source and verify frequency and voltage at the power

distribution panel. • Turn on Main power circuit breaker and the light circuit breaker.

c. AN/TRC-170(v)3 setup1. Set up AN/TRC-170(v)3 using Cut-Sheet.

Student Studyguide





Walk-through of System ActivationWalkWalk--through of System Activationthrough of System Activation

PowerPower--upup•• Power Distribution Power Distribution

PanelPanel

2. Perform Power-Up Proceduresa. Power Distribution Panel

Perform Prime Power Checklist

Student Studyguide






PowerPower--upup•• Individual System ComponentsIndividual System Components

•• CS6716 PowerCS6716 Power--upup•• Tropo Radio PowerTropo Radio Power--upup

b. Individual System Components1. Perform CS6716 Modem Power-Up Procedure

2. Perform Tropo Radio Power-Up Procedure

Student Studyguide






Normal operationNormal operation•• IF LoopbackIF Loopback•• Establish Link With Distant EndEstablish Link With Distant End

3. Normal Operation:a. IF Loopback:

• IF Loopbacks are used to quickly determine if equipment is set up and operating correctly.

• Equipment should green up on itself in loopback mode. • This simulates receiving a signal from the distant end.• Refer to the IF Loopback Procedure

b. Establish link with Distant End:• This is done by removing the IF Loopback and going normal through. • If the antenna is aligned correctly at the start and the radio is set up properly, a signal

should be received from the distant end once they begin transmitting. • After getting an RSL from the distant end, the antennas may be swept to ensure

proper antenna alignment.

Student Studyguide






TurnTurn--off and Packoff and Pack--upup•• AN/TRCAN/TRC--170(V)3 170(V)3 •• AntennaAntenna•• External PowerExternal Power•• ReviewReview

4. Turn-off and Pack-upa. AN/TRC-170(v)3:

•Refer to AN/TRC-170(v)3 Power Down Checklist as instructors shut down the radio.b. Antenna:

•While observing instructors tearing down and packing up the Quick Reaction Antenna system, wear hard hats and gloves at all times .

c. External Power:•Observe Instructors as they turn off external power and remove power and ground cabling

d. Review:•Review turn-off and pack up procedures with Instructors

Student Studyguide





Performance Check Point – System ActivationPerformance Check Point Performance Check Point –– System System ActivationActivation

During Application of System Activation During Application of System Activation Students will demonstrate and Instructors Students will demonstrate and Instructors will observe will observe (Hands(Hands--on/Performance)on/Performance)•• Antenna SetupAntenna Setup

•• Setup of QRASetup of QRA•• RF Hazard ZoneRF Hazard Zone•• WaveguideWaveguide

E. Application: Students perform with Instructors observing1. Setup Quick Reaction Antenna

a. Set Up Quick Reaction Antenna using QRA checklist. • Ensure proper Personal Protective Equipment is on prior to beginning setup. • Hard hats and gloves are required.

Student Studyguide





Performance Check Point – Setup Performance Check Point Performance Check Point –– Setup Setup

Setup: Students performSetup: Students perform•• External Power External Power •• AN/TRCAN/TRC--170(V)3 Setup 170(V)3 Setup

b. Students will perform external power set up. Students will cable up external power source and connect shelter ground.

• Open AN/TRC-170(v)3 and ensure all power circuit breakers are off. • Students will turn on external power source and verify frequency and voltage on

power meter inside AN/TRC-170(v)3 . • Turn on Main CB and the light CB on the power distribution panel.

c. Students will set up a AN/TRC-170(v)3 using Cut-Sheet supplied by instructors. • Students will set frequencies, perform any patching required, and tune the klystron

cavitiesd. Students and Instructors will review the walk-through.

Student Studyguide





Performance Check Point – Power DistributionPerformance Check Point Performance Check Point –– Power Power DistributionDistribution

PowerPower--up: Students up: Students performperform•• Power Distribution Power Distribution

Panel power upPanel power up

2. Perform Power-Up Proceduresa. Power Distribution Panel

Perform Prime Power Checklist

Student Studyguide






PowerPower--up: Students performup: Students perform•• Individual System ComponentsIndividual System Components

CS6716 PowerCS6716 Power--upupTropo Radio PowerTropo Radio Power--upup

b. Individual System Components1. Perform CS6716 Modem Power-Up Procedure2. Perform Tropo Radio Power-Up Procedure

c. Review Power-up procedures with instructors

Student Studyguide






Normal operation: Students performNormal operation: Students perform•• IF LoopbackIF Loopback•• Establish Link With Distant EndEstablish Link With Distant End•• Repeat ProceduresRepeat Procedures•• Review ProceduresReview Procedures

3. Normal Operation: • Students will bring equipment up normally, then place equipment in loopback using IF

Loopback procedure.

a. IF Loopback:• IF Loopbacks are used to quickly determine if equipment is set up and operating

correctly. • Equipment should green up on itself in loopback mode. This simulates receiving a

signal from the distant end. • Refer to the IF Loopback procedure

b. Establish link with Distant End:• This is done by removing the IF Loopback and setting up the equipment according

to Cut-Sheet. • If the antenna is aligned correctly and the radio is set up right, a signal from the

distant end should be received once the distant end begins transmitting. • After getting an RSL, sweep the antenna to ensure proper alignment. • The link is established when the CS6716 Modems lock up with each other.• Instructors will use Cut-Sheet and go over procedures to establish link with distant

end. CS6716 Modems will be placed in default mode for link acquisition.• Link will be established when CS-6716 Modems lock up with each other.

c. Repeat procedures d. Review Procedures

Student Studyguide






TurnTurn--off and Packoff and Pack--up: Students performup: Students perform•• AN/TRCAN/TRC--170(V)3 170(V)3 •• AntennaAntenna•• External PowerExternal Power•• ReviewReview

4. Turn-off and Pack-upa. AN/TRC-170(v)3 :

• Refer to AN/TRC-170(v)3 Power Down Checklist and then shut down the radio.b. Antenna:

• Ensure hard hats and gloves are worn while tearing down and packing up the Quick Reaction Antenna system using the QRA checklist.

c. External Power:• Turn off external power and remove power and ground cabling.

d. Review:• Review turn-off and pack up procedures with instructors.

f. Review

Student Studyguide






SUMMARY:

1. During this lesson you were given a overview of the mission data signal flow through the AN/TRC-170(V)3. We covered each component that the user mission data signal passes through and what it does to/for the signal. We covered the transmit signal path, receive signal path, orderwire signal path and DAR Modem Variant signal path for the AN/TRC-170(V)3 Digital Troposcatter Communications System.


THE END

ACRONYMS

Acronym Meaning A AC alternating current; air conditioning AFE adaptive forward equalizer AGC automatic gain control ALM alarm ALPC adaptive link power control ASCII American Standard Code of Information Interchange AUX auxiliary B BER bit error rate BERT bit error rate test/tester BITE built-in-test-equipment BPF band pass filter bps bits per second BPSK binary phase-shift key BW bandwidth C CB circuit breaker CCA circuit card assembly CDI conditioned di-phase CDP conditional di-phase CLK clock cm centimeter CMD command COM common COTS commercial-off-the-shelf CPLD Complex Programmable Logic Devices CPU central processing unit CSI Comtech Systems, Inc. CW continuous wave D DAR distortion adaptive receiver (DAR) db decibels dBW decibels referenced to one watt DC direct current DC/DC direct current to direct current DCE data communications equipment DEG decision error generator DEMOD demodulator DGM digital group multiplexer (DGM) DLED dedicated loop encryption device DMM digital multimeter DTCS Digital Troposcatter Communications System (the TRC-170)

ACRONYMS

DTE data terminal equipment DUT device under test DVM digital voltmeter DVOW digital voice orderwire E Eb/No The ratio of bit energy per symbol to noise power spectral density, in decibels.EMI electromagnetic interference ESD electrostatic discharge F FEC forward error correction FET field effect transistor FIFO first in first out (buffer) FO fiber optic(s) FOM fiber optic multiplexer G GM group multiplexing gnd ground H HPA high power amplifier HSSI high speed serial interface HVPS high voltage power supply Hz Hertz I I&C installation and checkout I/O input/output IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IF intermediate frequency INF interface ISI intersymbol interference K k kilo kbps kilobits per second kHz kilohertz kVA kilovolt ampere kW kilowatt L LCD liquid crystal display LED light emitting diode LGM loop group multiplexer (LGM) LNA low noise amplifier LO local oscillator LRU line-replaceable unit LVL level

ACRONYMS

M M mega m milli mA milliampere max maximum Mbps megabits per second (military M B/S or MBPS ) MHz megahertz min minimum mm millimeter MTBF mean time between failure MTTR mean time to repair N NC normally closed NO normally open NO/NC normally open/normally closed NRZ non return to zero O O&M operation and maintenance OAC Oscillator/Amplifier/Converter OSC oscillator OW orderwire P PA power amplifier PCB printed circuit board PMCS preventive maintenance check and services PS power supply PWR power Q QPSK quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) R R&D research and development RF radio frequency RMS/rms root mean square RSL receive signal level Rx receive S S/N signal to noise SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition SEL select SEP Signal Entrance Panel SIP Shelter Interface Panel SNR signal-to-noise ratio SPDT single pole double throw STBY standby

ACRONYMS

T TBD to be determined TED trunk encryption device TDM time division multiplexing (TDM) TGM trunk group multiplexer (TGM) TMP temperature TPC Turbo Product Code TRITAC tri-service tactical communications Tropo troposcatter; tropospheric TTL transistor-transistor logic Tx transmit V VAC voltage alternating current VDC voltage direct current VSWR voltage standing wave ratio

Documents

AN/TRC-170 TrainingAN/TRC-170 Training TRC 170 TROPO...Laptop and Overhead Projector, TM 11-5820-934-13-2, CSI Manual 142F009900-1 and AN/TRC-170(V)3 Training Student Studyguide METHODS