Antibiotics for Sinusitis

7/29/2019 Antibiotics for Sinusitis

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AMOXICILLIN

Manufacturer GlaxoSmithKline

Distributor Zuellig

Contents Amoxicillin trihydrate

Indications Treatment of susceptible infections including resp tract, skin & soft tissue, venereal, pelvic,

severe systemic infections, actinomycoses,anthrax, biliary tract infections,

bronchitis,gastroenteritis(including Salmonella enteritis, but not

shigellosis),gonorrhea,Lyme disease, mouth infections,otitis media,pneumonia,typhoid&

paratyphoidfever,UTI; dental abscess; prophylaxis ofendocarditis, pneumococcal infection

in spleen disorders; H. pylorieradication in PUD.

Click to view Amoxil/Amoxil Forte detailed prescribing infomation

Dosage Adult (including elderly) 250 mg tid, increase to 500 mg tid for more severe infections. Max:

6 g daily in divided doses. Severe or recurrent purulent infection of the resp tract 3 g

bid. Simple acuteUTI3 g 10-12 hrly. Dental abscess 3 g bid w/ 8-hr interval.Gonorrhea3

g as a single dose. Helicobactereradication in PUD (duodenal & gastric) Omeprazole 40

mg daily + amoxicillin 1 g bid + clarithromycin 500 mg bid for 7 days or omeprazole 40 mg

daily + amoxicillin 750 mg to 1 g bid + metronidazole 400 mg tid for 7 days. Childn 10yr 125 mg tid, increase to 250 mg tid for more severe infections. Severe or recurrent

acuteotitis media750 mg bid for 2 days. Adult & childn >40 kg w/renal impairment500

mg bid & 500 mg once daily for moderate & severe impairment respectively. Childn


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Mechanism of Action ViewAmoxil/Amoxil Forte mechanism of actionfor pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

details.

MIMS Class Penicillins

ATC Classification J01CA04 - amoxicillin ; Belongs to the class of penicillins with extended spectrum. Used in

the systemic treatment of infections.

Poison Schedule Rx

Presentation/Packing

Form Photo Packing/Price

Amoxil cap 250 mg 100's (P764.10/box, P7.64/cap)

Amoxil cap 500 mg 100's (P1337.20/box, P13.37/cap)

Amoxil Ped oral drops 100

mg/mL

10 mL x 1's (P78.00/bottle)

20 mL x 1's

Amoxil Forte syr 250 mg/5

mL60 mL x 1's (P120.20/bottle)

Amoxil syr 125 mg/5 mL 60 mL x 1's (P87.00/bottle)

Manufacturer: GlaxoSmithKline
http://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Amoxil-Amoxil%20Forte/?type=full#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Amoxil-Amoxil%20Forte/?type=full#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Amoxil-Amoxil%20Forte/?type=full#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Amoxil-Amoxil%20Forte/?type=full#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Amoxil-Amoxil%20Forte/?type=full#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Browse/Classification/http://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Penicillinshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Penicillinshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PoisonCls.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Amoxil-Amoxil%20Forte/?type=full#PPhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/GlaxoSmithKlinehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/GlaxoSmithKlinehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/GlaxoSmithKlinehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Amoxil-Amoxil%20Forte/?type=full#PPhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PoisonCls.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Penicillinshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Browse/Classification/http://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Amoxil-Amoxil%20Forte/?type=full#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Amoxil-Amoxil%20Forte/?type=full#Actions


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AMOXICILLIN-CLAVULANATE (Co-Amoxiclav)

Amoclav

Manufacturer Biomedis

Distributor United LabContents Co-amoxiclav (amoxicillin & clavulanic acid). Per 375 mg tab Amoxicillin 250 mg, clavulanic

acid 125 mg. Per 625 mg tab Amoxicillin 500 mg, clavulanic acid 125 mg. Per 1 g

tab Amoxicillin 875 mg, clavulanic acid 125 mg. Per 600 mg vial Amoxicillin 500 mg,

clavulanic acid 100 mg. Per 1.2 g vial Amoxicillin 1 g, clavulanic acid 200 mg

Indications Lower resp tract infections,otitis media,sinusitis, skin & soft tissue infections,UTI, pre &

postsurgical procedures, bone & joint, O & G infections,dental infections.

Dosage TabAdult & childn >12 yrMild to moderate or in dental infection 375 mg tid. Severe

infection 625 mg tid or 1 g bid.InjAdult & childn >12 yr 1.2 g 8 hrly. Severe infection 6

hrly. 3 mth-12 yr 5/25 mg/kg 8 hrly, 0-3 mth 5/25 mg/kg 12 hrly. May increase to 8 hrly.

Administration May be taken with or without food. May be given w/o regard to meals. Best taken at the start

of meals for better absorption & to reduce GI discomfort.Contraindications History of penicillin hypersensitivity.

Special Precautions Superinfections involving Pseudomonas or Candida. Pregnancy & lactation.

Adverse Drug

Reactions

Diarrhea, nausea, skin rashes & urticaria, vaginitis, abdominal discomfort, flatulence &

headache.

ViewADR Monitoring Website

Drug Interactions Concomitant administration of probenecid may result in increased & prolonged blood levels

of amoxicillin. Increased incidence of skin rashes w/ allopurinol. Do not give the drug together

w/ disulfiram.

Viewmore drug interactions with Amoclav

Pregnancy Category

(US FDA)

Category B: Either animal-reproduction studies have not demonstrated a foetal risk but there

are no controlled studies in pregnant women or animal-reproduction studies have shown an

adverse effect (other than a decrease in fertility) that was not confirmed in controlled studies

in women in the 1st

trimester (and there is no evidence of a risk in later trimesters).


ATC Classification J01CR02 - amoxicillin and enzyme inhibitor ; Belongs to the class of penicillin combinations,

including beta-lactamase inhibitors. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.

Poison Schedule Rx


Form Packing/Price

Amoclav 1.2 g powd for inj (vial) 1's (P549.29/vial)

Amoclav 600 mg powd for inj (vial) 1's (P326.44/vial)

Amoclav 1 g tab 10's (P675.68/pack)

Amoclav 375 mg tab 30's (P1132.48/pack)
http://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/Biomedishttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/Biomedishttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/United%20Labhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3081http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3081http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3081http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3201http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3201http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3201http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2471http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2471http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2471http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2824http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2824http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2824http://www.bfad.gov.ph/oldsite/NADRAC/INDEX.htmhttp://www.bfad.gov.ph/oldsite/NADRAC/INDEX.htmhttp://www.bfad.gov.ph/oldsite/NADRAC/INDEX.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/interaction/Search/Amoclavhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/interaction/Search/Amoclavhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/interaction/Search/Amoclavhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PregDef.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PregDef.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Browse/Classification/http://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Penicillinshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Penicillinshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PoisonCls.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Amoclav/?type=full#PPhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Amoclav/?type=full#PPhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PoisonCls.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Penicillinshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Browse/Classification/http://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PregDef.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PregDef.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/interaction/Search/Amoclavhttp://www.bfad.gov.ph/oldsite/NADRAC/INDEX.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2824http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2471http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3201http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3081http://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/United%20Labhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/Biomedis


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Amoclav 625 mg tab 15's (P1696.58/pack)

Manufacturer: Biomedis
http://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/Biomedishttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/Biomedishttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/Biomedis


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2) Augmentin


Distributor Zuellig

Contents Co-amoxiclav (amoxicillin & clavulanic acid). Per 375 mg tab Amoxicillin 250 mg, clavulanic

acid 125 mg. Per 625 mg tab Amoxicillin 500 mg, clavulanic acid 125 mg. Per 1 gtab Amoxicillin 875 mg, clavulanic acid 125 mg. Per 5 mL of 156.25 mg susp Amoxicillin

125 mg, clavulanic acid 31.25 mg. Per 5 mL of 228.5 mg susp Amoxicillin 200 mg,

clavulanic acid 28.5 mg. Per 5 mL of 312.5 mg susp Amoxicillin 250 mg, clavulanic acid

62.5 mg. Per 5 mL of 457 mg susp Amoxicillin 400 mg, clavulanic acid 57 mg. Per 600 mg

vial Amoxicillin 500 mg, clavulanate K 100 mg.Per 1.2 g vial Amoxicillin 1 g, clavulanate K

200 mg

Indications Infections of upper & lower resp tract,GUT, skin & soft tissue, bone & joint, septic abortion,

puerperalsepsis, intra-abdominalsepsis, dental infection (for oral prep), female genital

infections,septicemia,peritonitis& post-surgical infections; prophylaxis against infections

associated w/ major surgical procedure (for IV presentations).

Click to view Augmentin detailed prescribing infomation

Dosage TabAdultMild to moderate infections 375 mg tid or 625 mg bid-tid or 1 g bid. Severeinfections 2 times 375 mg tid or 1-2 times 625 mg tid or 1 g bid-tid. SuspChildnSkin & soft

tissue infection, recurrenttonsillitis25-50 mg/kg/day tid.Otitis media,sinusitis, lower

resp tract infection,UTI50-75 mg/kg/day tid. InjBy intermittent IV infusion. Adult & childn

>12 yr 1.2 g 8 hrly serious infections 6 hrly interval. Childn 3 mth-12 yr 30 mg/kg 8 hrly

serious infection 6 hrly interval, 0-3 mth 30 mg/kg 12 hrly in premature infants & in full-term

infants during perinatal period increasing to 8 hrly thereafter. Adult surgical

prophylaxis Usual dose: 1.2 g IV at induction of anesth. High risk of infection: 3-4 doses of

1.2 g IV 24 hr period.


Administration May be taken with or without food. May be given w/o regard to meals. Best taken at the start

of meals for better absorption & to reduce GI discomfort.

Overdosage ViewAugmentin overdosagefor action to be taken in the event of an overdose.

Contraindications Hypersensitivity to penicillins & cephalosporins or other allergen, possible cross sensitivity w/

other -lactams. History of penicillin-associated cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction.


Special Precautions Renal or hepatic impairment. Cholestatic jaundice. Infectious mononucleosis. Prolonged use.

Care in patients on anticoagulants & Na-restricted diet. False +ve Coombs' test. Ensure

adequate hydration esp w/ parenteral therapy or high doses. Pregnancy.


Adverse Drug

Reactions

Diarrhea, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, candidiasis, rash. Rarely, pseudomembranous

colitis, hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, crystalluria, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson

syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, reversible leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic

anaemia, CNS disturbances.ViewADR Monitoring Website

Drug Interactions Probenecid, anticoagulants, OCs, allopurinol. Blood products, protein hydrolysates, IV lipid

emulsions, aminoglycosides.

Viewmore drug interactions with Augmentin

Pregnancy Category

(US FDA)

http://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/GlaxoSmithKlinehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/GlaxoSmithKlinehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/Zuellighttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Indicationshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2471http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2471http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2471http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2098http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2098http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2098http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2098http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2098http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2098http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2098http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2098http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2098http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/1763http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/1763http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/1763http://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Indicationshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Indicationshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Dosagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3248http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3248http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3248http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3081http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3081http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3081http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3201http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3201http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3201http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2471http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2471http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2471http://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Dosagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Dosagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Overdosagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Overdosagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Overdosagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Overdosagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Contraindicationshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Contraindicationshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Contraindicationshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Contraindicationshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#SpecialPrecautionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#SpecialPrecautionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#SpecialPrecautionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#AdverseReactionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#AdverseReactionshttp://www.fda.gov.ph/NADRAC/onlnerep.htmhttp://www.fda.gov.ph/NADRAC/onlnerep.htmhttp://www.fda.gov.ph/NADRAC/onlnerep.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Interactionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/interaction/Search/Augmentinhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/interaction/Search/Augmentinhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/interaction/Search/Augmentinhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PregDef.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PregDef.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PregDef.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PregDef.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/interaction/Search/Augmentinhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Interactionshttp://www.fda.gov.ph/NADRAC/onlnerep.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#AdverseReactionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#AdverseReactionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#SpecialPrecautionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#SpecialPrecautionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Contraindicationshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Contraindicationshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Overdosagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Overdosagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Dosagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2471http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3201http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3081http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/3248http://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Dosagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Indicationshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/1763http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2098http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2098http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2098http://www.mims.com/Philippines/diagnoses/info/2471http://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Indicationshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/Zuellighttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Company/Info/GlaxoSmithKline


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in women in the 1st


Caution For Usage For caution against possible variation of physical aspect of medicine...click to view

Augmentin detailed prescribing infomation

Storage ViewAugmentin storageconditions for details to ensure optimal shelf-life.

Description ViewAugmentin descriptionfor details of the chemical structure and excipients (inactive

components).

Mechanism of Action ViewAugmentin mechanism of actionfor pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics details.


ATC Classification J01CR02 - amoxicillin and enzyme inhibitor ; Belongs to the class of penicillin combinations,

including beta-lactamase inhibitors. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.

Poison Schedule Rx


Form Photo Packing/PriceAugmentin 156.25 mg/5 mL

oral susp60 mL x 1's (P179.50/bottle)

Augmentin 228.5 mg/5 mL


Augmentin 312.5 mg/5 mL


Augmentin 457 mg/5 mL oral

susp

35 mL x 1's (P244.50/bottle)

70 mL x 1's (P439.50/bottle)

Augmentin 1.2 g IV powd for

inj (vial) 1's (P526.50/vial)

Augmentin 600 mg IV powd

for inj(vial) 1's (P313.00/vial)

Augmentin 1 g tab 14's (P945.00/pack)

Augmentin 375 mg tab 30's (P1131.34/pack)

Augmentin 625 mg tab
http://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Cautionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Cautionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Cautionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Cautionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Cautionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Storagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Storagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Storagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Storagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Descriptionhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Descriptionhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Descriptionhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Descriptionhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Browse/Classification/http://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Penicillinshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Penicillinshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PoisonCls.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#PPhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#PPhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Viewer/Html/PoisonCls.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/search/Penicillinshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/Browse/Classification/http://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Descriptionhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Descriptionhttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Storagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Storagehttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Cautionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Cautionshttp://www.mims.com/Philippines/drug/info/Augmentin/Augmentin%20IV?type=full#Cautions


7/14

CEFUROXIME

Zinnat


Distributor Zuellig Pharma

Contents Cefuroxime axetil.Indications Upper respiratory tract infections eg, ear, nose and throat infections ie,otitis

media,sinusitis,tonsillitisandpharyngitis.

Lower respiratory tract infections eg, pneumonia, acute bronchitis and acute exacerbations

ofchronic bronchitis.

Genitourinary tract infections eg,pyelonephritis,cystitisandurethritis.

Skin and soft-tissue infections eg, furunculosis,pyodermaandimpetigo.

Gonorrhoea, acuteuncomplicated gonococcal urethritisand cervicitis.

Cefuroxime is also available as the sodium salt (Zinacef) for parenteral administration. This

permits the use of sequential therapy with the same antibiotic, when a change from

parenteral to oral therapy is clinically indicated.

Where appropriate, Zinnat is effective when used following initial parenteral Zinacef

(cefuroxime sodium) in the treatment ofpneumoniaand acute exacerbations ofchronic

bronchitis.

Dosage The usual course of therapy is 7 days (Range 5-10 days).

Zinnat should be taken after food for optimum absorption.

Adults:Most Infections: 250 mg twice daily.

Urinary Tract Infections: 125 mg twice daily.

Mild to Moderate Lower Tract Infections eg, Bronchitis: 250 mg twice daily.

More Severe Lower Tract Infections (or ifpneumoniais suspected):500 mg twice daily.

Pyelonephritis: 250 mg twice daily.
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8/14

Uncomplicated Gonorrhoea: Single dose of 1 g.

Sequential Therapy: Pneumonia: Zinacef 1.5 g 2-3 times a day (IV or IM) for 48-72 hrs

followed by Zinnat (cefuroxime axetil) 500 mg twice a day oral therapy for 7-10 days.

Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis: Zinacef 750 mg 2-3 times a day (IV or IM) for

48-72 hrs, followed by Zinnat 500 mg twice a day oral therapy for 5-10 days.

Duration of both parenteral and oral therapy is determined by the severity of the infection and

the clinical status of the patient.Children:Most Infections: 125 mg twice daily, to a maximum of 250 mg daily.

Children 2 years:Otitis Media or Where Appropriate, with More Severe Infections: 250

mg twice daily, to a maximum of 500 mg daily.

Zinnat tablets should not be crushed and are therefore, unsuitable for treatment of patients

eg, younger children, who cannot swallow tablets. In children, Zinnat oral suspension may be

used.

There is no experience of using Zinnat in children


9/14

Overdosage Overdosage of cephalosporins can cause cerebral irritations leading to convulsions.

Serum levels of cefuroxime can be reduced by haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

Contraindications Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.

Special Precautions Special care is indicated in patients who have experienced an allergic reaction to penicillins

or other -lactams.

As with other antibiotics, prolonged use of cefuroxime axetil may result in the overgrowth ofnonsusceptible organisms (eg, Candida, Enterococci, Clostridium difficile), which may require

interruption of treatment.

Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics,

therefore, it is important to consider its diagnosis in patients who develop serious diarrhoea

during or after antibiotic use.

With a sequential therapy regimen, the timing of change to oral therapy is determined by the

severity of the infection, clinical status of the patient and susceptibility of the pathogens

involved. If there is no clinical improvement within 72 hrs, then the parenteral course of

treatment must be continued.

The sucrose content of Zinnat suspension and granules (see Description) should be taken

into account when treating diabetic patients and appropriate advice provided.

Zinnat suspension contains aspartame, which is a source of phenylalanine and so should be

used with caution in patients with phenylketonuria. Effects on the Ability to Drive or OperateMachinery: From the side effect profile of Zinnat, it is unlikely that treatment with this

antibiotic will interfere with ability to drive or operate machinery.

Use in pregnancy & lactation: There is no experimental evidence of embryopathic or

teratogenic effects attributable to cefuroxime axetil but, as with all drugs, it should be

administered with caution during the early months of pregnancy. Cefuroxime is excreted in

human milk and consequently, caution should be exercised when Zinnat is administered to a

nursing mother.

Adverse Drug

Reactions

Adverse reactions to cefuroxime axetil have been generally mild and transient in nature.

As with other cephalosporins, there have been rare reports of erythema multiforme, Stevens-

Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis (exanthematic necrolysis) and hypersensitivity

reactions including skin rashes, urticaria, pruritus, drug fever, serum sickness, and very

rarely, anaphylaxis.A small proportion of patients receiving Zinnat have experienced gastrointestinal

disturbances, including diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting. As with other broad-spectrum

antibiotics, there have been reports of pseudomembranous colitis.

Headache has also been reported.

Eosinophilia and transient increases of hepatic enzyme levels, [ALT (SGPT), AST (SGOT)

and LDH] have been noted during Zinnat therapy.

There have been rare reports of thrombocytopenia and leucopenia (sometimes profound). As

with other cephalosporins, jaundice has been reported very rarely.

Cephalosporins as a class tend to be absorbed onto the surface of red cells membranes and

react with antibodies directed against the drug to produce a positive Coombs' test (which can

interfere with cross-matching of blood) and very rarely, haemolytic anaemia.

Click to view ADR Monitoring Website

Drug Interactions Drugs which reduce gastric acidity may result in a lower bioavailability of Zinnat compared

with that of the fasting state and tend to cancel the effect of enhanced postprandial

absorption.

As a false-negative result may occur in the ferricyanide test, it is recommended that either the

glucose oxidase or hexokinase methods are used to determine blood/plasma glucose levels

in patients receiving cefuroxime axetil. This antibiotic does not interfere in the alkaline picrate

assay for creatinine.

Incompatibilities: None.
http://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#Overdosagehttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#Contraindicationshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#Contraindicationshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#SpecialPrecautionshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#AdverseReactionshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#AdverseReactionshttps://www.bpfk.gov.my/quest2/madrac%20-%20reporting%20online.htmhttps://www.bpfk.gov.my/quest2/madrac%20-%20reporting%20online.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#Interactionshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#Interactionshttps://www.bpfk.gov.my/quest2/madrac%20-%20reporting%20online.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#AdverseReactionshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#AdverseReactionshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#SpecialPrecautionshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#Contraindicationshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#Overdosage


10/14

Viewmore drug interactions with Zinnat

Pregnancy Category

(US FDA)



adverse effect (other than a decrease in fertility) that was not confirmed in controlled studiesin women in the 1st


Storage Store below 30C.

The reconstituted suspension must be refrigerated between 2C and 8C.

Shelf-Life: Tablet: 3 years. Suspension: 24 months for the unconstituted granules when

stored below 30C.

The reconstituted suspension when refrigerated between 2C and 8C can be kept up to 10

days.

Description Zinnat suspension also contains the following excipients: Aspartame, xanthan gum,

acesulfame potassium, povidone K30, stearic acid, sucrose, tutti-frutti flavour. It is provided

as a dry, white to off-white granules.

Each 125 mg/5 mL dose of suspension and 125 mg-sachet contains 3.062 g of sucrose.

Mechanism of Action Zinnat is an oral prodrug of the bactericidal cephalosporin antibiotic cefuroxime, which isresistant to most -lactamases and is active against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-

negative organisms. It is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by sensitive

bacteria.

Microbiology: Cefuroxime axetil owes its in vivo bactericidal activity to the parent

compound, cefuroxime. Cefuroxime is a well-characterised and effective antibacterial agent

which has bactericidal activity against a wide range of common pathogens, including -

lactamase-producing strains. Cefuroxime has good stability to bacterial -lactamase and

consequently, is active against many ampicillin-resistant or amoxycillin-resistant strains. The

bactericidal action of cefuroxime results from inhibition of cell wall synthesis by binding to

essential target proteins.

Cefuroxime is usually active against the following organisms in vitro: Aerobes: Gram-

Negative: Haemophilus influenzae (including ampicillin-resistant strains); Haemophilus

parainfluenzae; Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis; Neisseria gonorrhoeae (including

penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains); Escherichia coli;

Klebsiella sp; Proteus mirabilis; Providencia sp; Proteus rettgeri.

Aerobes: Gram-Positive: Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis (including

penicillinase-producing strains but excluding methicillin-resistant strains), Streptococcus

pyogenes(and other -haemolytic streptococci), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus

Group B (Streptococcus agalactiae).

Anaerobes: Gram-positive and gram-negative cocci (includingPeptococcus sp

and Peptostreptococcus sp); gram-positive bacilli (including Clostridium sp) and gram-

negative bacilli (includingBacteroides sp and Fusobacterium sp); Propionibacterium sp.

Other Organisms: Borrelia burgdorferi.

The following organisms are not susceptible to cefuroxime: Clostridium

difficile, Pseudomonas sp, and Campylobactersp, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Listeriamonocytogenes, Methicillin-resistant strains ofStaphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus

epidermidis, Legionella sp.

Some strains of the following genera are not susceptible to cefuroxime:Enterococcus

(Streptococcus) faecalis, Morganella morganii, Proteus

vulgaris, Enterobactersp, Citrobactersp and Serratia sp, Bacteroides fragilis.

Pharmacokinetics: After oral administration, cefuroxime axetil is slowly absorbed from the

gastrointestinal tract and rapidly hydrolysed in the intestinal mucosa and blood to release

cefuroxime into the circulation.
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11/14

Following administration of cefuroxime axetil tablets, peak serum levels (2.9 mg/L for a 125-

mg dose, 4.4 mg/L for a 250-mg dose, 7.7 mg/L for a 500-mg dose and 13.6 mg/L for a 1-g

dose) occur approximately 2.4 hrs after dosing when taken with food.

Optimum absorption occurs when it is administered after a meal.

Peak serum levels (2-3 mg/L for a 125-mg dose, 4-6 mg/L for a 250-mg dose, 5-8 mg/L for a

500-mg dose and 9-14 mg/L for a 1-g dose) occur approximately 2-3 hrs after dosing when

taken after food, unlike IV dosing which peaks immediately.The absorption of cefuroxime from the suspension is more prolonged compared with tablets,

leading to later, lower peak serum levels and slightly reduced systemic bioavailability (4-17%

less). Post peak levels, the serum half-life is between 1 and 1.5 hrs. Protein-binding has

been variously stated as 33-50% depending on the methodology used. Cefuroxime is not

metabolised and is excreted by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.

Concurrent administration of probenecid increases the area under the mean serum

concentration-time curve (AUC) by 50%.

Serum levels of cefuroxime are reduced by dialysis.

Toxicology:Preclinical Safety Data: Animal toxicity studies indicated that cefuroxime axetil is

of low toxicity with no significant findings.

MIMS Class Cephalosporins

ATC Classification J01DC02 - cefuroxime ; Belongs to the class of second-generation cephalosporins. Used inthe systemic treatment of infections.

Poison Schedule B

Presentation/Packing Tab 125 mg (film-coated, white, capsule-shaped, engraved with 'GXES5' on one side and

plain on the other) x 50's. 250 mg (film-coated, white, capsule-shaped, engraved with

'GXES7' on one side and plain on the other) x 10's, 50's. Oral susp 125 mg/5 mL (tutti -frutti

flavour) x 50 mL.
http://www.mims.com/Malaysia/Browse/Classification/http://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/search/Cephalosporinshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/search/Cephalosporinshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/Viewer/Html/PoisonCls.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#PPhttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/Zinnat/?type=brief#PPhttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/Viewer/Html/PoisonCls.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/search/Cephalosporinshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/Browse/Classification/


12/14

CEFPODOXIME

Indications Listed in Dosage.

Dosage Adult:POResp tract infections;UTI100-200 mg 12 hrly. Skin infections 200-400 mg 12

hrly. Uncomplicatedgonorrhoea200 mg as a single dose.

Click to view cefpodoxime Dosage by Indications

Overdosage For action to be taken in the event of accidental overdose ...click to view cefpodoxime

Contraindications Hypersensitivity.

Special Precautions History of allergy to penicillin; severe renal impairment; pregnancy and lactation.

Adverse Drug

Reactions

Anaphylactic shock; purpuric nephritis, skin rash, pruritus; diarrhoea, nausea, abdominal

pain, vomiting.

Potentially Fatal: Pseudomembranous colitis; nephrotoxicity.

Drug Interactions Antacids or H2-blockers may decrease the absorption of cefpodoxime. Probenecid inhibits

renal excretion.

Potentially Fatal: Monitor renal function during admin. Additive nephrotoxic effects with

furosemide.

Click to view more cefpodoxime Drug Interactions

Food Interaction For caution against potential drug-food interactions ...click to view cefpodoxime

Lab Interference For caution against possible drug interference in lab test results ...click to view cefpodoxime

Mechanism of Action For details of the mechanism of action, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics and toxicology

...click to view cefpodoxime

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13/14

CEFPROZIL

Indications Susceptible infections.

Dosage Adult:PO 500 mg/day, may increase to 500 mg twice daily.

Click to view cefprozil Dosage by Indications

Administration May be taken with or without food. (May be taken w/ meals to reduce GI discomfort.)

Contraindications Hypersensitivity.

Special Precautions Hypersensitivity to penicillins; renal impairment; porphyria. Monitor renal and haematologic

status. Pregnancy, lactation.

Adverse Drug

Reactions

Nausea; vomiting; diarrhoea; hypersensitivity reactions; nephrotoxicity; convulsions; CNS

toxicity; hepatic dysfunction; haematologic disorders; pain at Inj site (IM); thrombophloebitis

(IV infusion); superinfection with prolonged use.

Potentially Fatal: Pseudomembranous colitis.

Drug Interactions Renal excretion delayed by probenecid. Decreases contraceptive effect of oestrogen-

containing oral contraceptives.

Click to view more cefprozil Drug Interactions

Lab Interference For caution against possible drug interference in lab test results ...click to view cefprozil

Pregnancy Category

(US FDA)




in women in the 1st


Mechanism of Action For details of the mechanism of action, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics and toxicology

...click to view cefprozil

http://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#Dosagehttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#Dosagehttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/interaction/Search/cefprozilhttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/interaction/Search/cefprozilhttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#LabInterferencehttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#LabInterferencehttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#LabInterferencehttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/Viewer/Html/PregDef.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/Viewer/Html/PregDef.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/Browse/Classification/http://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/search/Cephalosporinshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/search/Cephalosporinshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/search/Cephalosporinshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/Browse/Classification/http://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#Actionshttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/Viewer/Html/PregDef.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/Viewer/Html/PregDef.htmhttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#LabInterferencehttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/interaction/Search/cefprozilhttp://www.mims.com/Malaysia/drug/info/cefprozil/?type=full&mtype=generic#Dosage


14/14

ATC Classification J01DC10 - cefprozil ; Belongs to the class of second-generation cephalosporins. Used in the

systemic treatment of infections.

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