ANNUAL REPORT September 1, 2007 August 31, 2008

NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND RADIOLOGICAL SCIENCES University of Michigan

The Regents of the University of Michigan Julia Donovan Darlow, Ann Arbor

Laurence B. Deitch, Bingham Farms Olivia P. Maynard, Goodrich

Rebecca McGowan, Ann Arbor Andrea Fischer Newman, Ann Arbor

Andrew C. Richner, Grosse Pointe Park S. Martin Taylor, Grosse Pointe Farms

Katherine E. White, Ann Arbor Mary Sue Coleman, ex officio

Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences 1906 Cooley Building

2355 Bonisteel Boulevard Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2104

(734) 764-4260 Fax: (734) 763-4540

William R. Martin, Chair

NERS@umich.edu http://www.ners.engin.umich.edu/

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Contents

Summary of Activities ......................................................................... 4

Student Organizations ......................................................................... 6

Curriculum Program Changes ............................................................................. 8

Courses Offered ............................................................................... 9

Course Enrollments ........................................................................ 11

Student Academics, Honors and Employment Awards and Honors ........................................................................ 12

Fall Enrollment ................................................................................ 20

Degrees Awarded ........................................................................... 21

Doctoral Theses Titles .................................................................... 22

Employment Statistics and Continuing Education ........................... 25

Internships ...................................................................................... 28

Employment Patterns ..................................................................... 31

Faculty Honors and Awards ............................................................. 33 Colloquia .............................................................................................. 34

Research Activities Fission Systems and Radiation Transport ....................................... 36

Materials ......................................................................................... 43

Plasmas and Fusion ....................................................................... 61

Radiation Measurements and Imaging ............................................ 72

Radiation Safety, Environmental Sciences, and Medical Physics ... 78

Research Expenditures Summary of External Research Expenditures Fiscal Year 2008 ..... 82

Research Expenditures History Chart ............................................. 88

Publications (January 1, 2007 December 31, 2007) ......................... 89

Service (January 1, 2007 December 31, 2007) ................................ 107

Personnel ............................................................................................. 111

Advisory Board .................................................................................... 120

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Summary of Activities This is the thirteenth Annual Report of the Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences (NERS) at the University of Michigan. The report was assembled for the purpose of providing a record of teaching, research and service activities of the faculty, staff and students of the department. The department taught a total of 41 (including eight special topics) courses during AY 2006-2007. Independent study and projects courses (NERS 499, 599 and 799) had enrollments totaling 39. In addition to the NERS courses, NERS faculty taught two sections of the first-year course ENG 101, Introduction to Computers and Programming, averaging 188 students per section. The enrollments for NERS 211, Introduction to Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, offered as an elective for engineering students outside the department, had 154 total students last year for the Fall and Winter sections. The Fall 2007 term enrollments totaled 99 (NERS) and 25 (Eng Physics) undergraduate students and 77 graduate students. During AY 2007-2008, the department awarded 29 BSE-NERS and 8 BSE-Eng Physics degrees, 14 MS/MSE, 8 PhD degrees, and one Nuclear Engineer Professional Degree. This past year the undergraduate and graduate students were again successful in winning numerous awards. Eleven undergraduates were recipients of the National Academy for Nuclear Training (NANT) scholarships; one was a recipient of a Department of Homeland Security scholarship, seven received American Nuclear Society (ANS) awards, and twenty-one were recipients of U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) scholarships. Graduate students won five fellowships from DoE, three were renewed from the Department of Homeland Security, one from National Academy for Nuclear Training, nine fellowships from other federal agencies and professional societies, and five scholarships from ANS. In addition, five graduate students won or were renewed college or department fellowships. This outstanding record of student accomplishments in attracting fellowships and scholarships will continue. Approximately 65 awards have already been made to graduate students for academic year 2007-2008. Our faculty are also being recognized for their achievements: Rod Ewing was elected Fellow of both the American Ceramic Society and the Materials Research Society; Terry Kammash received the Gold Anniversary Certificate from the American Nuclear Society; Karl Krushelnick was elected Fellow of the American Physical Society; Yue-Ying Lau was elected Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; John E. Foster received the NERS Award for Outstanding Teacher; and John C. Lee was

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awarded the U-M College of Engineering Department Faculty Award for Outstanding Achievement. The faculty supervised a total of 62 research projects with expenditures of $6.6M. The NERS research projects included three DoE NEER grants and six DoE NERI and I-NERI grants. The NERS faculty published 109 articles in archival journals in calendar year 2007.

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Student Organizations

ALPHA NU SIGMA SOCIETY

and potential achievement in applied nuclear science and nuclear engineering among

Alpha Nu Sigma established a tutoring schedule to help students with classes. Any student within the department or taking a departmental course is eligible to use the tutoring services. At least one tutor is available five days a week to help answer

Since 1993, the Chapter has recognized a faculty member for contributions to undergraduate and graduate education. Professor John Foster was selected by the students as the 2007-08 recipient of the NERS Award for Outstanding Teacher.

laptops were checked out by numerous students for use on NERS projects and presentations. These laptops are available on a first-come, first-serve basis for undergraduate and graduate students alike.

AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOCIETY The 2007-08 academic year has been successful for the University of Michigan Student Section of the American Nuclear Society (U-M ANS). With membership increasing and high attendance at all events, U-M ANS has been a vibrant and active student society at the University of Michigan. Increasing enrollment in NERS has not only supplied a larger recruiting base for U-M ANS, but also a growing demand for its services. U-M ANS continues to provide intellectual, professional, and social opportunities for NERS students, the University, and community at large. The goals of U-M ANS for the 2007-08 academic year have been to foster professional development and to increase student participation at ANS national conferences. Regular meetings were held throughout the academic year featuring guest speakers from the nuclear industry and presentations from NERS students. With additional aid from the NERS department and the College of Engineering, U-M ANS sponsors students to attend the ANS Winter Meeting and the ANS Student Conference. U-M ANS also submitted a bid to host the 2009 ANS Student Conference.

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U-M ANS participated in many outreach activities to promote nuclear science and technology. Some of these included the U-M Energy Fest, Sally Ride Festival, Detroit Area Pre-College Engineering Program, Shadow Days, and TECH Day. U-M ANS also helped the NERS Department at various campus recruiting events and welcome days.

HEALTH PHYSICS SOCIETY

The University of Michigan Student Branch of the Health Physics Society was among the charter groups of student branches formed in 1992. The Health Physics Society is dedicated to the development, dissemination, and application of both the scientific knowledge of and the practical means for radiation protection, with an emphasis on protection of people and the environment from unnecessary exposure to radiation. The student branch has been involved in a number of professional activities, parties, seminars, and public relations activities, including tours, teacher training workshops and visits to high schools for the dissemination of basic information about radiation and radiation health effects.

THE INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS MANAGEMENT (INMM)

In the fall of 2008 a group of student collaborated to bring a student chapter of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management (INMM) to the University of Michigan. Interest in the organization was first sparked when a few University of Michigan students attended the INMM annual meeting in July 2008. After the cooperation of other interested students, staff, and faculty a chapter charter was formed and a petition was submitted to the Executive Committee of the INMM. The petition and bylaws, and therefore group formation, was approved by the end of the fall 2008 semester.

The mission of INMM as a whole is to promote the advancement and research in the area of nuclear materials management as well as implementing standards regarding professional ethics, education, and attainment of those engaged in the nuclear materials management field. Lastly, the organization strives to increase the distribution of information regarding the management of nuclear materials. The purpose of the student chapter is there to foster and promote these international goals.

The University of Michigan student chapter intends to promote the INMM mission by hosting professional speakers, facilitating panels and discussions, as well as providing opportunities to further learn the importance of nuclear materials management firsthand.

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Curriculum

PROGRAM CHANGES

Effective Winter 2008 term, students will rate and give input and comments concerning their courses using on-line evaluations. The Curriculum Committee and the NERS faculty had discussions on whether to allow Physics 135 (Physics for the Life Sciences I) and Physics 235 (Physics for the Life Sciences II) to satisfy the current requirements of Physics 140 (General Physics I) and Physics 240 (General Physics II). Both groups expressed concern that the mathematics content in Physics 135/235 would not be

his reason, Physics 135/235 was not approved as a replacement for the requirement of Physics 140/240. NERS 472 (Fusion Reactor Technology) had not been taught on a regular basis in the past. With new faculty and student interest in this area, this course will be taught more frequently. Therefore, the credit hours of NERS 472 have been increased from 2 credits to 3 credits, and the content of the course will be updated. The Geological Sciences Department requested to cross-list two NERS courses NERS 531 (Nuclear Waste Management and NERS 621 (Nuclear Waste Forms). This was approved, and these courses are now cross-listed as GeoSci 529 and GeoSci 620, respectively.

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COURSES OFFERED*

COURSE NO. COURSE TITLE TERM CREDIT

HRS NERS 211 Intro to Nuclear Engineering & Radiological Sciences I, II 4

NERS 250 Fundamentals of Nuclear Engineering & Radiological Sciences

II 4

NERS 311 Elements of Nuclear Engineering & Radiological Sci I I 3

NERS 312 Elements of Nuclear Engineering & Radiological Sci II II 3

NERS 315 Nuclear Instrumentation Laboratory II 4

NERS 421 Nuclear Engineering Materials I 3

NERS 425 Applications of Radiation II 4

NERS 441 Nuclear Reactor Theory I I 4

NERS 442 Nuclear Power Reactors II 4

NERS 462 Reactor Safety Analysis I 3

NERS 471 Introduction to Plasmas I 3

NERS 472 Fusion Reactor Technology II 2

NERS 481/BioE 481 Engineering Principles of Radiation Imaging II 2

NERS 484/BioE 484 Radiological Health Engineering Fundamentals I 4

NERS 490 Special Topics in Nuclear Engineering & Radiological Sciences

All TBA

NERS 499 Research in Nuclear Engineering & Radiological Sciences All 1-3

NERS 511 Quantum Mechanics in Neutron-Nuclear Reactions II 3

NERS 512 Interaction of Radiation and Matter II 3

NERS 515 Nuclear Measurements Laboratory I 4

NERS 518 Advanced Radiation Measurements and Imaging I 2 Alt Yrs

NERS 521 Radiation Effects in Nuclear Materials I 3

NERS 522 Nuclear Fuels II 3 Alt Yrs

NERS 531 Nuclear Waste Management II 3 Alt Yrs

NERS 543 Nuclear Reactor Theory II I 3

NERS 551 Nuclear Reactor Kinetics II 3

NERS 554 Radiation Shielding II 4

*Roman numeral indicates term(s) the course will be offered, and number in parentheses indicates credit hours.

Fall term, I; Winter term, II; Spring/Summer terms,III A/B

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COURSE NO. COURSE TITLE TERM CREDIT HRS

NERS 561 Nuclear Core Design and Analysis I II 3

NERS 562 Nuclear Core Design and Analysis II IIIA 3

NERS 571 Intermediate Plasma Physics I I 3

NERS 572/ AppPhy 672 Intermediate Plasma Physics II II 3

NERS 575/EECS 519 Plasma Generation and Diagnostic Laboratory II 4

NERS 576 Charged Particle Accelerators and Beams I 3 Alt Yrs

NERS 577 Plasma Spectroscopy I 3 Alt Yrs

NERS 578/EECS 517 Physical Processes in Plasmas II 3 even Yrs

NERS 579/EHS 692 Physics of Diagnostic Radiology II, IIIA 3

NERS 580/BioE 580 Computation Projects in Radiation Imaging II 1

NERS 582/BioE 582 Medical Radiological Health Engineering II 3

NERS 583/EHS 683 Applied Radiation Dose Assessment II 4

NERS 585 Transportation of Radioactive Waste I 2 Alt Yrs

NERS 586 Applied Radiological Measurements II 4

NERS 587 Internal Radiation Dose Assessment II 3

NERS 588 Radiological Health Engineering Practicum All 1-12

NERS 590 Special Topics in Nuclear Engineering & Radiological Sciences II

All TBA

NERS 599 I, II, IIIA-B

1-3

NERS 621 Nuclear Waste Forms I 3 Alt Yrs

NERS 622/ MSE 622/Mfg 622

Ion Beam Modification and Analysis of Materials II 3 Alt Yrs

NERS 644 Transport Theory I 3

NERS 671 Theory of Plasma Confinement in Fusion Systems I I 3 Alt Yrs

NERS 672 Theory of Plasma Confinement in Fusion Systems II II 3 Alt Yrs

NERS 673 Electrons and Coherent Radiation II 3

NERS 674/ AppPhy 674 High Intensity Laser-Plasma Interactions I 3

NERS 799 Special Projects All 1-6

NERS 990 Dissertation/Pre-candidate I, II , III IIIA-B

2-8 1-4

NERS 995 Dissertation/Candidate I, II, II, IIIA-B

8 4

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COURSE ENROLLMENTS

COURSE TITLE Fall

W

Sp/Su

NERS 211 Introduction to Nuclear Engr and Radiological Sci 66 88 NERS 250 Fundamentals of Nuclear Engr and Radiological Sci 50 NERS 311 Elements of Nuclear Engr and Radiological Sci I 37 NERS 312 Elements of Nuclear Engr and Radiological Sci II 34 NERS 315 Nuclear Instrumentation Laboratory 33 NERS 421 Nuclear Engr Materials 8 NERS 425 Applications of Radiation 18 NERS 441 Nuclear Reactor Theory I 34 NERS 442 Nuclear Power Reactors 13 NERS 462 Reactor Safety Analysis 8 NERS 471 Introduction to Plasmas 28 NERS 481 Engr Principles of Radiation Imaging (BioE 481) 17 NERS 484 Radiological Health Engr Fundamentals (BioE 484) 21 NERS 490 Special Topics in Nuclear Engr and Radiological Sci 7 44 NERS 499 Research in Nuclear Engr & Radiological Sci 3 7 1 NERS 515 Nuclear Measurements Laboratory 9 NERS 521 Radiation Effects in Nuclear Materials 12 NERS 522 Nuclear Fuels 13 NERS 543 Nuclear Reactor Theory II 5 NERS 554 Radiation Shielding 29 NERS 561 Nuclear Core Design and Analysis I 5 NERS 571 Intermediate Plasma Physics I 11 NERS 572 Plasma Physics II 8 NERS 575 Plasma Generation and Diagnostics Lab (EECS 519) 21 NERS 576 Charged Particle Accelerators and Beams 14 NERS 577 Plasma Spectroscopy 7 NERS 580 Computation Proj in Radiation Imaging (BioM 580) 16 NERS 585 Transportation of Radioactive Materials 12 NERS 588 Radiation Safety and Medical Physics Practicum 1 NERS 590 Special Topics in Nuclear Engr & Radiological Sci II 9 39 NERS 599 4 1

NERS 674 High Intensity Laser-Plasma Interactions (Appl Phys 674)

5

NERS 799 Special Projects 11 12 NERS 990 Dissertation-Precandidate 8 11 1 NERS 995 Dissertation-Candidate 38 37 1

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Student Academics, Honors and Employment

AWARDS AND HONORS

MADE IN 2007 FOR A/Y 2007-2008

Undergraduate Scholarships for A/Y 2007-2008

NERS  Continuous  Scholarship  

Justin  Lamy,  Jonathan  Fritz  

Second  Year  Undergraduate  Merit  Scholarship  

Ross  Barnowski,  Steve  Cavnar,  Christopher  Fischer,  David  Genevich,  Meghan  

Haigh,,  Archis  Joglekar  

Kikuchi  Scholarship  

Matt  Orians,  Andrew  Till  

American  Nuclear  Society  Undergraduate  Scholarship  Award  

Yvan  Boucher,  Matthew  Franzi,  Jonathan  Fritz,  David  Genevich,  Archis  Joglekar,  Matt  Orians  

American  Nuclear  Society  Undergraduate  Scholarship  Award    Michigan  Section  

Archis  Joglekar  

U.S.  Department  of  Energy  Nuclear  Engineering  Undergraduate  Scholarship  

Scott  Ambers,  Ian  Faust,  Justin  Lamy,  Scott  Pfeffer,  Scott  Wagner  

National  Academy  for  Nuclear  Training  Scholarship  

Scott  Ambers,  Ian  Faust,  Andrew  Haefner,  Joshua  Meisel    

Earnest  F.  Hollings  Scholarship  

William  Kolodzey  

James  G.  and  Carol  Ann  Fausone  Endowed  Scholarship  

Hiruy  Hadgu  

Constance  B.  Mathias  Scholarship  

Hiruy  Hadgu  

Special  Engineering  Scholarship  Fund  (Industry)  

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Maggie  Hwang  

Joseph  B.  and  Florence  V.  Cejka  Scholarhip  

Brian  Linn  

Ivah  L.  DaLee  Scholarship  

David  Genevich  

CoE  General  Funds  

Dallas  Manning  

 

Andrew  Till  

Joseph  M.  Geisinger  Scholarship  

Ross  Barnowski  

Special  Engineering  Scholarship  Fund  (Industry)  

Ross  Barnowski  

Class  of  1931E  Scholarship  

Ross  Barnowski  

Undergraduate Honors and Awards for A/Y 2007-2008 Outstanding Undergraduate Student Award (Engineering Physics)

Mingming Yang

Outstanding Undergraduate Student Award (Nuclear Engineering and Radiological

Sciences)

Yvan Boucher

Arlen R. Hellwarth Award

Thomas Briley

Mildred and Steele Bailey Prize

Yvan Boucher

Roger M. Jones Poetry Contest

Jane Poling

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Graduate Fellowships for A/Y 2007-2008 American Nuclear Society Graduate Awards

Micah Hackett, Jason Hayward, Brad Hoff, Emily Wolters, Jacob Zier American Nuclear Society (Professional Women in)

Michaela (Flak) Eddy, Shikha Prasad

Eric Baker, Paul Cummings

William Morgan Directed Energy Professional Society Brad Hoff Graduate Student Research Program, Marshall Space Flight Center Jason Hayward, Brandon Weatherford Michigan Memorial Phoenix Energy Institute Athi Varuttamaseni National Academy for Nuclear Training in Nuclear Engineering Fellowship

Nuclear Engineering: Ceris Hamilton, William Morgan National Physical Sciences Consortium Jacob Zier National Science Foundation

Seth Johnson, Michaela Eddy Rackham Engineering Award Fellowship

Carlos Di Stefano, Douglas Fynan Rackham Engineering Award Fellowship (renewal) Tiberius Moran, Elaine West, Ed Cruz Stockpile Stewardship Graduate Fellowship

Matthew Gomez U.S. Department of Energy Computational Sciences Fellowship Allan Wollaber U.S. Department of Energy Naval Nuclear Propulsion Fellowship Troy Becker, Micah Hackett, Bryan Toth U.S. Department of Energy Nuclear Engineering/Health Physics Fellowship Emily Wolters U.S. Department of Energy Office of Civilian Radiation Waste Management Kelly (Prater) Wichman U.S. Department of Defense National Defense Science and Engineering Christopher Wahl, Michaela (Flak) Eddy

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U.S. Department of Homeland Security Adrienne Lehnert, Zachary Whetstone, William Kaye University Research Alliance; Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative Jason Haas Graduate Honors and Awards for 2007-2008

College of Engineering 2008 Distinguished Leadership Award

Emily Wolters

College of Engineering 2008 Distinguished Achievement Award

Troy Becker

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AWARD DECISIONS MADE IN 2008 FOR A/Y 2008-2009

Undergraduate Scholarships for A/Y 2008-2009

NERS Continuous Scholarship

Justin Lamy Second Year Undergraduate Merit Scholarship

Justin Ball, Samuel Beck, Megan Brown, Navnett Gill, Joseph Lelli, Jack Linkous, Heeho Park

Kikuchi Scholarship Joshua Chenhall, Patricia Schuster American Nuclear Society Undergraduate Scholarship Award

Ross Barnowski, Justin Lamy, Matt Orians, Scott Pfeffer National Academy for Nuclear Training Scholarship

Joshua Meisel Class of 1931E Scholarship

Ross Barnowski Richard Earhart Scholarsahip

Hiruy Hadgu Ettie Cohen Sheiman Scholarship

Andrew McKelvey Clarence E. Groesbeck Memorial Scholarship

Benjamin Van Eck Joseph B. and Florence V. Cejka Scholarship

Brian Linn Budd Student Air]d Fund

David Genevich Heeho Park

Carroll J. Haas Endowed Scholarship Abu Shakil

David Aspland Scholarship Justin Dorazio

CoE Gift Funds Archis Joglekar

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Walter G. Mitchell Memorial Scholarship Jeffrey Chenhall

James D. Butt Scholarship Fund Jeffrey Chenhall

Scholar Award Andrew Till

Bernard J. and Ronni S. Lacroute Scholarship Marc Becchitti

CoE General Fund Ross Barnowski Sam Beck Dyle Henning

John S. King Scholarship Fund Sam Beck

Jane Morris Soop Engineering Scholarship Sam Beck

Joseph M. Geisinger Scholarship Ross Barnowski

Walter G. Mitchelll Memorial Scholarship Marcus Rivard

Michigan Engineering Fund Joshua Mann

Edward H. Strohm Scholarship in Engineering Joshua Mann

Graduate Fellowships for AY 2008-2009 American Nuclear Society Graduate Awards

Emily Wolters, Jacob Zier American Society for Engineering Education, NASA Eric Gillman

Jason Jaworski, Travis Trahan

Blake Kelley

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Directed Energy Professional Society Brad Hoff Graduate Student Research Program, Marshall Space Flight Center Brandon Weatherford Michigan Memorial Phoenix Energy Institute Fellowship Athi Varuttamaseni National Academy for Nuclear Training in Nuclear Engineering Fellowship

Stephen Rice National Physical Sciences Consortium Fellowship Jacob Zier National Science Foundation Fellowship

Seth Johnson, Michaela Eddy Nuclear Regulatory Commission Fellowship Adam Hoffman, Jonathan Wierschke Rackham Barbour Fellowship Jinan Yang Rackham Engineering Award Fellowship

Margaret Bacon, Efrain Hernandez-Rivera, Timothy Watson, Kaylie Thompson Rackham Engineering Award Fellowship (renewal) Carlos DiStefano, Doug Fynan, Ed Cruz Sandia National Lab Masters Fellowship Program Ben Maestas Stockpile Stewardship Graduate Fellowship

Matthew Gomez U.S. Department of Energy Admiral Hyman Rickover Graduate Fellowship in Nuclear

Engineering Bryan Toth U.S. Department of Energy Nuclear Engineering/Health Physics Fellowship Emily Wolters U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship Matthew Gomez U.S. Department of Defense National Defense Science and Engineering Fellowship Christopher Wahl, Michaela Eddy U.S. Department of Homeland Security Fellowship Zachary Whetstone, William Kaye

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Graduate Honors and Awards for 2008-2009  Microbeam Analysis Society, 2008 Distinguished Scholar Award Michaela Eddy Rackham Graduate Student Research Grant Niravun Pavenayotin, Alejandro Perez-Bergquist College of Engineering Martin Luther King Spirit Award Tiberius Moran 2008 IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society Award, IEEE/NPSS David French, Brad Hoff Public Policy and Nuclear Threats (PPNT) Fellow, University of CA, San Diego Tiberius Moran, Michaela Eddy

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FALL  ENROLLMENT  

Year   Undergraduate   Graduate   Engineering  Physics  1980   68   88   0  1981   69   75   8  1982   51   84   16  1983   53   90   25  1984   46   78   29  1985   38   81   38  1986   45   89   33  1987   43   98   29  1988   38   103   27  1989   32   93   23  1990   31   97   21  1991   30   84   25  1992   44   94   20  1993   53   88   32  1994   44   82   33  1995   30   79   45  1996   26   78   41  1997   26   86   30  1998   28   79   35  1999   40   75   40  2000   38   75   34  2001   42   71   36  2002   47   61   31  2003   67   78   22  2004   72   84   24  2005   74   78   16  2006   76   77   22  2007   99   82   25  

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Enrollment

Year

UndergraduateGraduateEngineering Physics

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DEGREES AWARDED BY ACADEMIC YEAR

September 2007 through August 2008 Degree Number BSE in Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences 29 BSE in Engineering Physics 8 MSE and MS in Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences 14 (including 13 students continuing in doctoral program) PhD in Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, and in Nuclear Science 8 Professional Degree (Nuclear Engineer)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Und

ergr

adua

te D

egre

es G

rant

ed

Year

BSE (NERS)BSE (EP)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Gra

duat

e Deg

rees

Gra

nted

Year

MS/MSE/MENG

PHD

PROF. DEGREE

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DOCTORAL THESES TITLES

For Degrees Conferred September 2007 August 2008 STUDENT TITLE ADVISOR Alpay, Bulent Degradation Monitoring Using Probabilistic Inference Professor James P.

Holloway

Cao, Yan Space-Time Kinetics and Time-Eigenfunctions

Professor John C. Lee

Hackett, Micah Understanding the Mechanism of Radiation-Induced Segregation Reduction through Oversized Solute Addition to 316SS

Professor Gary S. Was

Hayward, Jason High-Purity Gernanium Double-Sided Strip Detector Gap Characterization

Professor David K. Wehe

Ji, Wei Neutronic Analysis of Stochastic Distribution of Fuel Particles in Very-High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors

Professor William R. Martin

Jordan, Nicholas

Laser Fabrication of High-K Dielectrics for High Current Cathodes

Professor Ronald M. Gilgenbach and Professor Y. Y. Lau

Pengvanich, Phongphaeth

Some Contemporary Issues on Coherent Radiation Sources: Magnetic Priming and Injection Locking of Magnetrons, and Effects of Manufacturing Errors in Terahertz Traveling Wave Tubes

Professor Y. Y. Lau

Wollaber, Allan Advanced Monte Carlo Methods for Thermal Radiation Transport

Professor Edward W. Larsen

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Doctoral Theses in Progress for Academic Year 2008-2009 STUDENT TITLE ADVISOR

Ampornrat, Pantip Determination of Oxidation Mechanism of Ferritic-Martensitic Alloys in Supercritical Water

Professor Gary S. Was

Barton, Paul A Stochastic Model for the Silicon Photomultiplier

Professor David K. Wehe

Becker, Troy Hybrid Monte Carlo/Deterministic Methods for Deep-Penetration Problems

Professor Edward W. Larsen

Conlin, Jeremy Arnold's Method for Monte Carlo Criticality Calculations

Professor James P. Holloway

Davidson, Gregory New Time-Discretization Methods for Radiation Transport

Professor Edward W. Larsen

Jiang, Hao Improvements of Energy Resolution for Radioactive Nuclear Beams

Professor Kimberlee J. Kearfott

Kashani, Rojano Complexity in Modeling Petient Geometric Variations in Radiation Therapy: Implications for Prediction and Inclusion of Deformation in Plan Optimization and Re-Planning

Professor Alex Bielajew

Kowash, Benjamin A Rotating Modulation Imager for the Orphan Source Search Problem

Professor David K. Wehe

Lehnert, Adrienne Neutron Scattering Methods in the Detection of Explosives Hidden in Cargo Containers

Professor Kimberlee J. Kearfott

Moran, Tiberius Radiative Shock Modeling with Low-Order Angular Resolution

Professor James P. Holloway

Oh, Kyeong Time-dependent Transport with Novel Spherical Harmonics Closures

Professor James P. Holloway

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Tang, Wilkin Theoretical Analysis of some Contemporary Problems on Wire-Array Z-pinch

Professor Y. Y. Lau

Toth, Bryan Adaptive Coarse mesh Eigenvector Extrapolation for Monte Carlo Neutron Transport Source Convergence Acceleration

Professor William R. Martin

West, Elaine The Role of Taylor Factor and Grain Boundary Structure on IASCC of 316L in Supercritical Water

Professor Gary S. Was

Wolters, Emily Alternative Methods for Cross Section Generation Preserving Energy-Angle Coupling

Professor William R. Martin

Yang, Haori Active Interrogation Methods for Detection of Special Nuclear Materials

Professor David K. Wehe

Yesilyurt, Gokhan  Advanced Methods for Doppler Broadening and the Double Heterogeneity in Very High Temperature Reactors

Professor William R. Martin

Zier, Jacob Instability and Ablation Dynamics of Z-pinch Driven Plasmas

Professor Ronald M. Gilgenbach

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EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS AND CONTINUING EDUCATION

Place of First Employment of Graduates September 2007 August 2008

Undergraduate Students EMPLOYER BSE STUDENTS Bechtel Andrew Stach DC Cook Nuclear Power Plant Kyle Patterson Entergy Lindsay Baumgarten Michael Heath ERIN Engineering Samuel Falvo Exelon Arthur Holtz Robert Newton General Electric Allen Fisher Andrew Caldwell Griswold Engineering Michael McKervey PSEG Jessica Odish Space and Naval Research Center Brian Dick TARDEC Research Center Michael Claus UNIVERSITY BSE STUDENTS Carnegie-Mellon Jonathon Fritz University of California Berkeley Najeb Abdul-Jabar University of Michigan (Mechanical) Sean Cook University of Michigan Nicholas Bachman (Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences) Benjamin Betzler Yvan Boucher Thomas Briley Aimee Covert Jennifer Dolan Matthew Franzi Diana Li

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Kathryn Masi University of Michigan (cont.) Eric Miller (Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences) Ian Rittersdorf Benjamin Yee Other Graduate Schools (unknown) David Sirajuddin UNKNOWN BSE STUDENTS Matthew Carey Danesh Deonarian Michael Kowalski Nathan Mar Jeffrey Neumann Jun Rong Ong Brett Rogers RETURN TO HOME COUNTRY Safiyyah Abdul-Manap

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Graduate Students

EMPLOYER MS/MSE STUDENTS General Electric Jason Haas Stephen Marin Public Service Enterprise Group Kelly Wichman Unknown Ho Yin Chan EMPLOYER PhD STUDENTS Argonne National Lab Allan Wollaber Chulalongkorn University Phongphaeth Pengvanich Cybernet Systems Corp. Nicholas Jordan General Electric Bulent Alpay Knolls Atomic Power Lab (KAPL) Micah Hackett Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Wei Ji University of Tennessee Knoxville Jason Hayward TBD Yan Cao UNIVERSITY MS/MSE STUDENTS University of Michigan Michaela Eddy (Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences) French, David William Kaye Christopher McGuffey Kyeong Sam Oh Bradley Sommers Weiyi Wang Jinan Yang University of California Los Angeles Robert Reed University of Florida Christopher Tien

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INTERNSHIPS Undergraduate

Ross Barnowski Argonne National Laboratory IL

Jennifer Everhart CH2M Hill WA

Yanbo Zhu Cisco CA

Ginger Anderson DC Cook Power Plant MI

Zachary Beauvais DC Cook Power Plant MI

Jane Poling DC Cook Power Plant MI

Christopher Tobin DC Cook Power Plant MI

Brandon Blackburn DTE Energy MI

Jamie Capellari DTE Energy MI

Navneet Gill DTE Energy MI

Joshua Meisel DTE Energy MI

Kristine Madden Duke Energy NC

Emerson Cooper Exelon IL

Nathan Bennett General Electric NC

Maggie Hwang General Electric NC

Tomasz Zak General Electric NC

Owen Zinaman General Electric NC

Kurt Swieringa General Electric NC

Justin Lamy Idaho National Laboratory ID

William Walsh L-3 Communications CA

Alexander Hunter L-3 Communications PA

Ian Rittersdorf NASA Glenn OH

William Kolodzey National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin. CO

Thomas Briley Nuclear Regulatory Commission IL

Najeb Abdul-Jabbar Oak Ridge National Laboratory TN

Tyler Fowler-Guzzardo Oak Ridge National Laboratory TN

James Laird Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory NJ

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Scott Pfeffer Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory NJ

John Michael Fisher Schlumberger IL

Andrew Haefner Schlumberger IL

Yvan Boucher Schlumberger IL

Jennifer Dolan Schlumberger IL

Ian Faust Schlumberger IL

David Genevich Study Abroad Japan University of Nagoya

Christopher Fischer Study Abroad China Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Cassandra Ruch Study Abroad China Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Patricia Schuster Study Abroad China Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Robyn Spink Study Abroad China Shanghai Jiao Tong University

David Sirajuddin Study Abroad Japan University of Osaka

Tara Hackel TRW CA

Kyle McMillian University of Michigan MI Chemistry Department

Scott Ambers University of Michigan MI Detection for Nuclear Nonproliferation Laboratory

Mark Bourne University of Michigan MI Detection for Nuclear Nonproliferation Laboratory

Richard Beck University of Michigan MI Intense Energy Beam Interaction Laboratory

Matthew Franzi University of Michigan MI Intense Energy Beam Interaction Laboratory

Douglas Hake University of Michigan MI Intense Energy Beam Interaction Laboratory

Hiruy Hadgu University of Michigan MI Neutron Science Laboratory

Archis Joglekar University of Michigan MI Physics Department

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Aimee Covert University of Michigan MI Plasma Science and Technology Laboratory

John Hayes University of Michigan MI Radiation Oncology

Diana Li University of Michigan MI Radiation Oncology

Kathryn Masi University of Michigan MI Radiation Oncology

Jonathan Barr University of Michigan MI Space Physics Research Laboratory

Nicholas Bachman Westinghouse PA

Graduate Internships Yang, Jinan Oak Ridge National Laboratory TN Sunny, Eva Wardrop Engineering Ontario Baker, Eric Los Alamos National Laboratory NM Yee, Ben ElectroDynamic Applications MI French, David Air Force Research Laboratory NM Weatherford, Brandon NASA Glenn Research Center OH Fynan, Doug NRC, Office of Research DC Eddy, Michaela NRC, Public Policy and Nuclear Threats Course DC

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Employment Patterns of Graduates September 2007 August 2008

BS MS/ MSE PhD Prof

Federal Government Department of Defense Armed Forces Department of Energy Argonne National Laboratory 1 Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory 1 Electrical and Nuclear Utilities DC Cook Nuclear Power Plant 1 Entergy 2 Exelon 2 GE-Hitachi 2 2 1 Public Service Enterprise Group 1 1 Nuclear Reactor Manufacturers Dominion Westinghouse Architecture-Engineering Firms Bechtel National 1 Consulting Firms Cybernet Systems Corporation 1 ERIN Engineering 1 Entrepreneurial Other Industrial and Medical Organizations Griswold Engineering 1 Space and Navel Research Center 1 Foreign Governments Academic Institution: Grad, Post Doc, and Faculty 3 Academic Institutions: Grad, Post Doc, and Faculty

Carnegie Mellon 1 University of California Berkeley (Nuclear Engr) 1 University of California Los Angeles 1 University of Florida 1 University of Michigan (Mechanical Engr) 1 University of Michigan (NERS) 12 8 Unknown Graduate Schools 1 Employment Outside the Profession 1 Returned to Home Country and Unknown 8 1 1 TOTALS 37 14 8

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Employment Patterns of Graduates 38-Year Summary: August 1970 - July 2008 BS MS MEng PhD Prof

Federal Government

Department of Commerce 7

Department of Defense

Armed Forces 64 22 1 8

Civilian Employees 3 3 15

Department of Energy 11 43 3 97

Department of Transportation 2

Environmental Protection Agency 2

NASA 1

Nuclear Regulatory Commission 7 3 1 1

Waste Management Federal Services 1

Electrical and Nuclear Utilities 78 40 1 9

Nuclear Reactor Manufacturers 38 50 21 1

Architecture-Engineering Firms 19 29 1 5

Consulting Firms 7 5 3 10

Entrepreneurial 1

Other Industrial & Medical Organizations 25 41 4 58

Foreign Governments 1 11 12 4

Academic Institutions

Faculty and Staff 7 6 2 52

Graduate School and Postdoctoral Work 356 362 10 54

Employment Outside the Profession 15 10 2

Returned to Home Country and Unknown 93 42 7 30 3

Fulbright Award 1

TOTALS 726 669 35 382 9

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Faculty Honors and Awards Rodney C. Ewing American Ceramic Society Fellow Materials Research Society Fellow

(For fundamental contributions to understanding the effects of radiation on nuclear materials and a broad and sustained effort in developing strategies for the safe disposition of materials in the nuclear fuel cycle)

John E. Foster Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences Award for Outstanding Teacher

(Selected by NERS students for contributions to undergraduate and graduate education.)

Terry Kammash American Nuclear Society Gold Anniversary Certificate

(For valuable contributions made during fifty years of continuous ANS membership from 1956 to 2006)

Karl Krushelnick American Physical Society Fellow

(For pioneering contributions to experimental high-intensity laser plasma physics including the production of high-quality relativistic electron beams, energetic proton beams and the development of techniques to measure large magnetic fields in intense laser-produced plasmas)

Yue-Ying Lau Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Fellow

(For contributions to electron beam devices, coherent radiation sources, and discharge physics)

John C. Lee U-M College of Engineering Department Faculty Award for Outstanding Achievement

(For outstanding efforts in teaching and research as well as outstanding effort to establish and build the Neutron Science Laboratory)

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NERS Colloquia Fall 2007 DATE SPEAKER TITLE Sept. 14 William R. Martin Departmental Welcome NERS, University of Michigan Sept. 21 No Colloquium John King Memorial Service Sept. 28

John Booske University of Madison

Plasma Physics Challenges of MM-to-THz and High Power Microwave Generation

Oct. 5 Ronaldo Szilard, Director Nuclear Science & Engineering Division Idaho National Laboratory

INL Nuclear Science and Engineering Program

Oct. 12 No Colloquium Fall Break Oct. 19 Josh Grindlay

Harvard University Gamma-Ray Astrophysics and the EXIST Mission

Oct. 26 Levi Thompson

Chemical Engineering, U-M Nanostructured Materials for Hydrogen Production and Conversion

Nov. 2 Industry Forum and Career Fair Job Opportunities and Current Activities

for NERS Graduates Nov. 9 Bryan Smith

NASA Propulsion Research and Development for Space Exploration

Nov. 16 Roger Staehle

University of Minnesota and Staehle Consulting

The Evolution of Nuclear Power in China

Nov. 30 Steve Shannon

Applied Materials Multi-Frequency CCP Discharges for State of the Art Micro- and Nano-Scale Manufacturing

Dec. 7 Yok Chen

U.S. Department of Energy BES Extrinsic Effects on Radiation Damage in Oxides: Environmental Impact

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NERS Colloquia Winter 2008 DATE SPEAKER TITLE Jan. 11 Martha Matuszak

William Beaumont Hospital A Diffusion-Based Method to Control Beam Complexity in Radiation Therapy

Jan. 18 Thomas J. Dolan

Nuclear, Plasma & Radiological Engineering, Univ. of Illinois

Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources

Jan. 25 Alan Hunt

Idaho State University Active Techniques for the Real-Time Detection, Identifica. and Quantifica. of Fissionable Mtrls

Feb. 1 Larry Satkowiak, Director of Glo-

bal Security & Nuclear Prolifera-

Nuclear Nonproliferation and Terrorism

Feb. 8 Charles Hess

Director, Nuclear Services, Burns and Roe Enterprises

Practical Issues Facing the Nuclear Renaissance

Feb. 15 John M. Tuohy Jr., Director of

Nuclear Technology, Hitachi America

Challenges of Engineering and Constructing the Next Generation of Nuclear Plants

Mar. 7 Stanley Borowski

NASA The Benefits of Nuclear Thermal Rocket (NTR) Propulsion for Future NASA Human Mars Missions

Mar. 14 Ronnie Shepherd

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Exploring Extreme States of Matter Using High Intensity, Ultra-Short Pulse Laser-Matter Interactions

Mar. 21 David Griesheimer

Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory A Simple but Effective Thermal Feedback Methodology for Monte Carlo Reactor Calculations

Mar. 28 Paul Luke

Lawrence Berkeley Nat. Lab. Semiconductor Gamma-Ray DetectorsChallenges and Solutions

Apr. 4 Ralph James, Associate Director,

Brookhaven National Laboratory Solid-State Room-Temperature Gamma Detectors

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Research Activities

FISSION SYSTEMS AND RADIATION TRANSPORT

Genetic Algorithms to Identify Optimal Material Arrangement for Shielding High Energy Photons J. P. Holloway, PI DTRA $388,563/3 yrs This project is examining the use of genetic algorithms to develop light-weight

-responders in an area contaminated by a radiological dispersion device or a nuclear explosion. The goal is to see if genetic algorithms can develop unique material layering schemes that minimizes weight and overall thickness while still providing acceptable dose reduction. In addition, we wish to establish that these designs are robust against uncertainty in the gamma spectrum. Center for Radiative Shock Hydrodynamics R. P. Drake, PD J. P. Holloway, K. G. Powell, and Q. Stout, Co-PIs NNSA $17,000,000/5 yrs This center will develop predictive science capabilities centered around radiative shock hydrodynamics simulations through a combination of uncertainty quantification and experimental measurements, leading to the prediction of the topology of a 3-D radiative shock with quantified uncertainty, to be then compared to an experiment. The goal is to demonstrate that we can in fact predict an experimental result of an experiment that has not be performed, along with a rigorous meaningful system to compare the simulation with the experiment. R. G. McClarren and J. P. -Linear Implementation of High- Nuclear Science and Engineering, 159, 330-337 (2008).

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R. G. McClarren, J. P. Holloway, and T. Solutions for Time-Dependent Thermal Radiative Transfer in Several G Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 109, 389-403 (2008). R. G. McClarren, J. P. Holloway, and T. A. Brunner, Solutions to the Pn Equations for Thermal Radiative Transfer Journal of Computational Physics, 227, 2864-2885 (2008). Advanced Variance Reduction for Global k-Eigenvalue Simulations in MCNP5 E. W. Larsen, PI and W. R. Martin, Co-PI U.S. Department of Energy/NEER $299,982/3 yrs The goal of this project is to develop and implement new advanced variance reduction strategies for practical, continuous-energy k-eigenvalue and eigenfunction simulations in the Monte Carlo particle transport code MCNP5. This FORTRAN-90 version of MCNP, developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory and recently released by RSICC, contains new features in particular, a multigroup cross section generator and a dual mesh which overlays the computational mesh that allow MCNP5 to employ the automatic variance reduction method AVATAR for source-detector problems. The implementation of these features in MCNP5 will greatly facilitate the implementation and testing of more advanced variance reduction techniques that require the same multigroup cross sections and dual mesh.

In this project, we will implement in MCNP5 the Variational Variance Reduction (VVR) method for enhancing the Monte Carlo simulation of k-eigenvalue problems, In this recently-developed technique, a variational functional, which requires estimates of both forward and adjoint k-eigenfunctions, is evaluated to estimate k. This functional is more expensive to evaluate than the standard Monte Carlo functional, which requires only an estimate of the forward k-eigenfunction. However, because the variational functional is more accurate, a significant gain in the figure of merit is achieved. E. k-

Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 97, 469 (2007). E. k-Eigenvalue

Nucl. Sci. Eng., 159, 107 (2008).

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Radiation Transport Methods Research for Stochastic Media and Semi-Implicit Time Discretizations E. W. Larsen, PI U.S. Department of Energy/LANL $69,000/1 yr The goal of this work is to research and develop new numerical methods for radiation transport that are more accurate or are obtained more efficiently. The first area of proposed work is to research and develop a numerical transport method for electron transport through stochastic media, such as the human lung. Atomically mixing the different materials gives the incorrect solution under most situations. Incorrect solutions adversely affect the probability of cure in radiation cancer therapy treatments. For large, multi-physics simulations, incorrect atomic-mix solutions represent wasted computational effort because the errors cannot be corrected by increasing the resolution in other independent variables. By exploring ways to extend the atomic mix model to improve its accuracy, new methods can be formed that hopefully will improve accuracy without substantially changing the existing infrastructure of transport software.

The second area of work is to investigate explicit and semi-implicit time discretization methods for deterministic thermal radiation transport. The successful implementation of these methods into existing ASC codes should allow the execution of high-fidelity problems that cannot be run with current methods on existing computing platforms. The possible gains with this approach are application of high-order transport to new mesh geometries, dramatically reduced memory requirements, and speed performance at least equal to that of current transport technology. E. W. Larsen and L. Liang, The Atomic Mix Approximation for Charged Particle Transport, SIAM J. Applied Math., 68, 43 (2007). G. Davidson and E.W. Larsen, An Unconditionally-Stable Time-Dependent Transport Method Without Sweeps, Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 97, 530 (2007). E. W. Larsen, A Generalized Boltzmann Equation for Non-Classical Particle Transport, Proc. Joint International Topical Meeting on Mathematics and Computations and Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications, M  and  C+SNA 2007, April 15-19, 2007, Monterey, California. E. W. Larsen and A. Prinja, A New Derivation of Akcasu s MLP Equations for 1-D Particle Transport in Stochastic Media, Ann. Nucl. Energy, 35, 620 (2008).

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Development of TRU Transmuters for Optimization of the Global Fuel Cycle J. C. Lee, PI and R. F. Fleming, Co-PI U.S. Department of Energy/NERI $611,465/45 months The project aims to develop advanced fuel cycles for the transmutation of transuranic (TRU) elements in irradiated nuclear fuel from light water reactor (LWR) power plants. The research has focused on developing fast-spectrum nuclear reactors that could efficiently transmute long-lived TRUs, thereby significantly reducing the radioactivity of the irradiated fuel. We have developed an equilibrium fuel cycle methodology to consistently compare the performance of LWR transmuters with that of other transmuters. We have studied ways to implement thorium in reload fuel cycles for both pressurized water rectors (PWRs) and sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFRs) for efficient transmutation of TRUs. Recent effort has focused on the development of general optimization algorithms that can systematically and efficiently optimize a multitude of fuel cycle parameters, while rigorously satisfying operational constraints including the peak power density. The optimization algorithm has been implemented for 2-D PWR and 3-D SFR configurations. We have also developed an Excel-based script that uses an equilibrium operation mode to perform simplified analyses of spent nuclear fuel inventory and fuel cycle cost. R. T. Sorensen and J. C. Lee, LWR Equilibrium Cycle Search Methodology for Assembly-Level Fuel Cycle Analysis, Nucl. Sci. Eng., 158, 213 (2008). J. C. Lee, J. C. Davis, and R. T. Sorensen, TRU Transmuters for Nuclear Fuel Cycle Optimization, Poster presentation, Computational Engineering and Science Conference, Washington, DC (April 2007).

Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 97, 96 (2007). J. Haas and J. C. Lee, Equilibrium Transuranic Management Scheme for Diverse Fuel Cycle Analysis, presented at the International Conference on Reactor Physics, Nuclear Power: A Sustainable Resource, Interlaken, Switzerland (September 2008). Y. Cao and J. C. Lee, A Krylov Subspace Method to Calculate k- and a-Eigenvalues, to be presented at the International Conference on Reactor Physics, Nuclear Power: A Sustainable Resource, Interlaken, Switzerland (September 2008).

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An Advanced Neutronic Analysis Toolkit with In-line Monte Carlo Capability for VHTR Analysis W. R. Martin, PI and J. C. Lee, Co-PI U.S. Department of Energy/NERI $600,000/3 yrs The goal of this project is to develop, implement, and test a lattice physics code for very high temperature reactor (VHTR) neutronic design and analysis. This code is based on a production-quality lattice physics code used in LWR analysis and is augmented by Monte Carlo capability to treat resonance absorption in TRISO particle fuel. The approach takes advantage of the highly developed capabilities available for light water reactor neutronic analysis, in which lattice physics codes generate effective cross sections at the assembly level. These cross sections can be used in nodal codes to allow efficient calculation of global flux/power distributions and keff as a function of fuel depletion and temperature. This project will incorporate the capability of the nodal Monte Carlo code, MCNP5, directly into the lattice code, CPM-3, to establish "proof-of-accomplished through an interface that will enable the MCNP5 capability to be extensible to other cross-section generation codes as well. This capability will be demonstrated by linking MCNP5 to CASMO-4. The resultant package will inherit the substantial downstream capabilities of CASMO-SIMULATE, including cross-section generation for global nodal analysis and depletion, systematic preparation of cross-section sets for accident analysis, and efficient fuel cycle analyses and assessment of alternative fuel management schemes. The final result will be a validated neutronics methodology for VHTR design and analysis, including cross-section generation, global reactor analysis, depletion, and fuel management. Collaborating Organizations: Studsvik of America, Idaho National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, General Atomics, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and TransWare Enterprises, Inc. G. Yesilyurt, W. Ji, S. Prasad, W. R. Martin, -Thermal-

Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 96, 580 (2007). W. Ji and W. R. Martin, Monte Carlo Simulation of VHTR Particle Fuel with Chord Length Sampling, Proc. M and C Topical Meeting, American Nuclear Society, Monterey, CA (April 2007). W. Ji and W. R. Martin, Determination of Chord Length Distributions in Stochastic Media Composed of Dispersed Microspheres, Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 96, 467-469, Boston, MA (2007).

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G. Yesilyurt, W. Ji, S. Prasad, W. R. Martin, and J. C. Lee, Coupled Nuclear-Thermal-Hydraulics Analysis for VHTR, Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 96, 580-581, Boston, MA (June 2007). W. Ji and W. R. Martin, Application of Chord Length Sampling to VHTR Unit Cell Analysis, submitted to PHYSOR'08, International Conference on the Physics of Reactors, Interlaken, Switzerland (September 2008). G. Yesilyurt, J. C. Lee, and W. R. Martin, A Coupled Monte Carlo/Collision Probability Method for VHTR Analysis, accepted for presentation at the ANS Winter Meeting, Reno, NV (November 2008). Global Monte Carlo Simulation with High Order Polynomial Expansions W. R. Martin, PI and J. P. Holloway, Co-PI U.S. Department of Energy/NEER $300,000/3 yrs This is a research project involving the development of a computational methodology to predict the global neutron scalar flux and thermal power profiles throughout a nuclear reactor. This methodology is based on the utilization of high order polynomials within a Monte Carlo algorithm to accelerate Monte Carlo fission source iterations for loosely coupled reactor systems. Preliminary work has demonstrated the feasibility of using high order polynomials to estimate spatially and angularly varying quantities such as the scalar flux distribution within a lattice or the interface current distribution on a boundary. This work has also led to a second approach based on imbedding this methodology into a response matrix formalism, allowing one in principle to estimate high order response matrices that could be used to estimate global flux and power distributions with improved accuracy and efficiency compared with conventional Monte Carlo methods. These methods should improve the convergence of Monte Carlo fission source iterations for loosely coupled systems. J. Cheatham, J. P. Holloway, and W. R. Martin, Improving Monte Carlo Source Convergence with the Functional Expansion Technique, Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 96, 838-840, Boston, MA (June 2007). J. Conlin and J. P.

Proceedings of PHYSOR 2008, Interlaken, Switzerland, September 2008.

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Technical Challenges of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Impacts to the U. S. Power System G. S. Was, PI, P. Sweatman and J. C. Lee, Co-PIs Pacific Northwest National Laboratory/ U. S. Department of Energy $1,000,000/24 months As part of this multi-disciplinary consortium headed by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, our effort has been to develop a stochastic model to evaluate the performance of the electric distribution system subject to large-scale deployment of plug-in electric vehicles. The project aims to adapt the probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) techniques, developed for nuclear power plants, to the reliability analysis of the electric grid. Initial effort has been successfully made to develop a PRA model of the grid via the SAPHIRE code.

43

MATERIALS

Structure, Properties and Relaxation of Shear Bands in Metallic Glasses M. Atzmon, PI National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research $426,898/4 yrs In crystalline solids, the atomic scale structure has been understood for a long time. On the other hand, the structure of some nonequilibrium materials is still the subject of current research. In amorphous materials, the density is variable and is a function of the thermomechanical history. Structural relaxation has a significant effect on the properties. Since mechanical deformation introduces shear bands whose density is lower than that of the matrix, it is important to understand their structure and effect on mechanical and transport properties. In recent work, the anelastic deformation of metallic glasses has been used to characterize defects produced by permanent deformation. One significant result is the existence of at least four distinct types of anelastic sites, in contrast to the two types generally-assumed in the glass-science community.

-Boundary Relaxation and its Effect on Plasticity in Journal of Applied Physics, 99, 083504 (2006).

an Amorphous/Nanocrystalline Al90Fe5Gd5

Intermetallics, 14, 962 (2006).

-Induced Nanocrystallization and Defects in Amorphous Alloys: a High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy Scripta Materialia, 54, 333 (2006). (Invited) M. Atzmon, A. Ganuza, D. Jang, and K. Rajulapati, Time-dependent Deformation at Shear Bands and Anelasticiy in a Metallic Glass, International Symposium on Metastable and Nanomaterials, Buenos Aires, July 2007. (Invited)

M. Atzmon, D. Jang, lasticity in

Workshop on Fundamental Issues in Metallic Glasses, October 22-26, 2007, Kunming and Guilin, China. (Invited)

44

M. Atzmon, D. Jang, an -Temperature Anelastic Deformation in an Al- International Symposium on Metastable and Nanomaterials, Corfu, Greece, August 2007. (Invited) M. Atzmon, D. Jang, -band Behavior in Metallic GWorkshop on Bulk Metallic Glasses : Science and Technology (BMG2007), Indian Institute of Science, January 12-16, 2007. (Invited)

-Band Behavior in a Metallic Glass the Effect of THERMEC 2006, International Conference on

Processing and Manufacturing of Advanced Materials, Vancouver, July 2006. (Invited)

- First International Conference on Mechanics and Mechanical Properties of Non-Crystalline Materials I: Amorphous Metals, Beijing, April 2006. (Invited)

-Rate Dependence of Shear-Band Behavior and TMS Annual Meeting, Symposium on Bulk Metallic

Glasses, San Antonio, March 2006. (Invited) Nanoparticle-Environment Interfaces: Interactions in Natural Systems R. C. Ewing and L. M. Wang, Co-PIs (with U. Beker, Geological Sciences) N. Pavenayotin, Graduate Student; S. Zhu, Research Fellow National Science Foundation, Nanoscale Interdisciplinary Research Team (NIRT) Program $1,499,000/4 years Recent developments in surface analysis, computer simulations using quantum mechanical and empirical methods, and advanced techniques in electron microscopy now allow the accurate characterization and modeling of interface properties between nanoparticles and their immediate atomic-scale environment. These properties encompass the structural relationships between both phases, the stability of nanomaterials in their respective hosts, the chemistry in and near the interface, electron transfer mechanisms across the interface, and magnetic ordering in the nanoparticle, as well as in the near-interface region of the host matrix. In this research program, we apply the combination of newly-developed experimental and theoretical capabilities to a variety of research topics that collectively focus on the important role of nanoparticle interfaces in natural systems, such as the formation of metal particles on sulfide and oxide surfaces and their incorporation into the bulk, transport of metal-bearing nanoparticles in atmospheric particulates and groundwater colloids, and to biomineralization processes. A number of undergraduate and graduate students from

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different disciplines, such as mineralogy, geology, nuclear engineering, materials science, and chemical engineering are involved in the proposed projects. S. Zhu, K. Sun, L. M. Wang, R. C. Ewing, Au Nano-Particles in TiO2 Singl Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 242, 152-156 (2006). D. Shi, J. Lian, W. Wang, G. K. Liu, P. He, Z. Y. Dong, L. M. Wang, and R. C. Ewing,

Advanced Materials, 18, 189-193 (2006). J. Lian, L. Yang, X. Y. Chen, G. K. Liu, L. M. Wang, R. C. Ewing, and D. Shi,

-Earth Doped Y2O3 Phosphor Films on Alumina Nanotechnology, 17, 1351-1354 (2006).

M. Reich, S. Utsunomiya, S. E. Kesler, L. M. Wang, R. C. Ewing, and U. Becker, Thermal Behavior of Metal Nanoparticles in Geologic Materials, Geology, 34, 1033-

1036 (2006). X. T. Zu, S. Zhu, L. M. Wang, and R. C. Ewing, Enhancement of Paramaganetic Defects in Yttria Stabilized Zirconia Implanted by Cs Ion Irradiation, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 428, 25-28 (2007). S. Zhu, S. X. Wang, L. M. Wang, R. C. Ewing, Strontium in Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia, Applied Physics Letters, 90, 171915 (2007).     Particle-Induced Amorphization of Complex Ceramics R. C. Ewing, PI and L. M. Wang, Co-PI H. Xiao, Visiting Research Investigator; W. Li, Grad. Student (MSE); and J. Lian, Assistant Research Scientist (GeoSciences) U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences $853,201/3.5 yrs The crystalline-to-amorphous (c-a) phase transition is of fundamental importance. Particle irradiations provide a highly controlled means of investigating this phase transformation and the structure of the amorphous state. The interaction of heavy-particles (alpha-recoil nuclei, fission fragments and implanted ions) with ceramics is complex because these materials have a wide range of structure types, complex compositions, and because chemical bonding is variable (not only from structure-type to

46

structure-type, but also within a single structure). Radiation damage and annealing can produce diverse results, but most commonly, single crystals become aperiodic (the metamict state) or break down into a polycrystalline aggregate (sometimes not the same as the original phase). In this research program, the transitions from the periodic to aperiodic state of various nonmetallic materials (both natural and synthetic) are studied by detailed x-ray diffraction analysis, in-situ transmission electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy/x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy and other spectroscopic techniques. A theoretical model is also being developed to predict the relative susceptibility of ceramic materials to radiation-induced amorphization based on the experimental results. W. Jiang, W. J. Weber, J. S. Young, L. A. Boatner, J. Lian, L. M. Wang, and R. C.

Irradiation- Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 250, 188-191 (2006). J. Lian, F. X. Zhang, M. T. Peters, L. M. Wang, ion of Lanthanum and Thorium- Journal of Nuclear Materials, 362, 438-444 (2007). F. X. Zhang, J. Lian, U. Becker, L. M. Wang, J. Z. Hu, S. Saxena, and R. C. Ewing, Structural Distortions and PhaseTransformations in Sm2Zr2O7 Pyrochlore at High

Pressures, Chemical Physics Letters, 441, 216-220 (2007). F. X. Zhang, J. Lian, U. Becker, R. C. Ewing, L. M. Wang, J. Z. Hu, and S. K. Saxena,

2Ti2O7 Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 180, 571-576 (2007). H. Xiao, L. M. Wang, X. T. Zu, J. Lian, and R. C. Ewing, Theoretical Investigation of Structural, Energetic and Electronic Properties of Ttitanate Pyrochlores, Journal of Physics-Condensed Matter, 19, 34, 346203 (2007). Stress Corrosion Cracking of Neutron Irradiated Cast Stainless Steels in High Temperature Water S. Teysseyre, PI and G. S. Was, Co-PI U.S. Department of Energy/UT-Batelle, LLC $293,502/2 yrs

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The U.S. contribution to ITER(International Tokamak Experimental Reactor) program includes about 20% of the first wall and shield, consisting of 93 modules each weighing about 3.5T and 375 FW panels. There is a potential for significant cost savings by utilizing casting technology rather than welding/HIPing wrought plate material and employing extensive machining to fabricate the shield module. It is the responsibility of the US-program to demonstrate that the utilization of cast material will not impair the mechanical performance and corrosion behavior of the shield module. The objective of this project is to investigate the stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of cast stainless steel in both unirradiated and neutron-irradiated condition in order to determine whether cast stainless steel can function in its intended role in ITER. The program includes the development of the facility for testing neutron-irradiated stainless steels in controlled water chemistry at temperatures below 300 C. Experiments performed in a controlled water environment will be conducted to determine the baseline stress corrosion cracking behavior of the unirradiated cast alloy and the behavior of neutron-irradiated cast alloy. Self-Organized 3-D Array of Nanostructures Under Irradiation L. M. Wang, PI S. Zhu, Res. Fellow; T. H. Ding, A. Perez-Bergquist and Q. Wei (MSE), Graduate Students U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences $580,335/3.5 yrs The main goal of this research project is to obtain better scientific understanding of a spectacular phenomenon induced by radiation effects, i.e. the formation of 3-D ordered arrays of nanoclusters for the advancement of nanoscience and technology. The phenomenon was first observed over 30 years ago as void lattice in irradiated pure metals, but the nanocluster in the array can also be interstitial plates (dislocation loops), gas bubbles or metal colloids (in multiple component nonmetals). These arrays are considered as nanostructures not only because the clusters in the array are nanometer

nanoscale. In situ and high resolution TEM are used to reveal the process of the nanostructure formation during ion beam irradiation. State of the art facilities that link modern TEMs with ion accelerators at Argonne National Laboratory and in Japan are used for the study.

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T. C. Lu, S. Dun, Q. Hu, S. Zhang, Z. An, Y. Duan, S. Zhu, Q. M. Wei, and L. M. Wang, -Layer Fabricated by High-Fluence Low- Nuclear

Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 250, 183-187 (2006). J. Lian, L. M. Wang, X. Sun, Q. Yu, Nanostructures by Ion-Beam- Nano Letters, 6, 5, 1047-1052 (2006). J. Lian, W. Zhou, Q. M. Wei, L. M. Wang, L. A. Boatner, and R. C. Ewing, Simultaneous Formation of Surface Ripples and Metallic Nanodots Induced by Phase

Applied Physics Letters, 88, 093112-1-3 (2006). Z. G. Wang, X. T. Zu, X. Xiang, J. Lian, Preparation and Characterization of Polymer/Inorganic Nanoparticle Composites through Electron

Journal of Materials Science, 41, 7, 1973 1978 (2006). X. Xiang, X. T. Zu , S. Zhu, T. H. Ding, and L. M. of Electron Irradiation and Subsequent Annealing on the Optical Absorption and Photoluminescence of CaF2

Optical Materials, 28, 8-9, 930-934 (2006). X. Xiang, X. T. Zu, S. Zhu, Q. M. Wei, C. F. Zhang, K. Sun, NanoparNanotechnology, 17, 2636-2640 (2006). S. Zhu, L. M. Wang, X. T. Zu,

Applied Physics Letters, 88, 043107-1-3 (2006). Q. Wei, S. Zhu, and L. Wang, Self-Organized Nanopatterns Induced by Ion Milling of

Proceedings Microscopy and Microanalysis 2006 (Chicago, IL, July 30-August 3, 2006, Cambridge University Press), Microscopy and Microanalysis, 12, 2, 476-477 (2006). Q. Wei, T. C. Lu, X. H. Chang, and L. ent Nanocrystalline MgAl2O4 Proceedings Microscopy and Microanalysis 2006 (Chicago, IL, July 30-August 3, 2006, Cambridge University Press), Microscopy and Microanalysis, 12, 2, 608-609 (2006). Q. Wei, K. Sun, Proceedings Microscopy and Microanalysis 2007 (Fort Lauderdale, FL, August 5-9,

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2007, Cambridge University Press), Microscopy and Microanalysis, 13, 2, 602-603 (2007). Accelerator-Based Study of Irradiation Creep of Pyrolytic Carbon Used in TRISO Fuel Particles for Very High Temperature Reactors (VHTR) L. M. Wang, PI and G. S. Was, Co-PI; R. S. Zhou, Post-doctoral Scholar and A. Davis, Graduate Student U.S. Department of Energy, Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (NERI) $616,851/3 yrs Pyrolytic carbon (PyC) is one of the structural materials in the TRISO fuel particles which will be used in the next generation of gas-cooled very-high-temperature reactors. When the TRISO particles are under irradiation, creep of the pyrocarbon layers can cause radial cracking leading to catastrophic particle failure. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of the creep behavior of PyC during irradiation is required to predict the overall fuel performance. The primary objective of this project is to characterize the creep behavior of PyC through a systematic program of accelerator-based proton irradiation and in-situ measurements under stress at various temperatures between 400°C and 1,200°C. Test data will be analyzed to determine creep coefficients, which will then be correlated to existing coefficients measured under neutron irradiation. In addition, initial experiments on the transport of select fission products (e.g., Ag and Sr) in PyC under irradiation and stress will be conducted by implanting ions into the sample surface. The PyC microstructure will be studied with advanced analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Acquisition of a Research Grade Ion Implanter for Research and Education in Ion Beam Modification of Materials G. S. Was, PI and L. M. Wang, Co-PI (with K. Najafi of EECE and R. Goldman of MSE) National Science Foundation $864,288/2 yrs A new and highly versatile ion implanter will provide greatly expanded capabilities to the

graduate and undergraduate students in ion-solid interactions. The 400 kV ion implanter made by National Electrostatics Corporation consists of an ion source and lens system, a gas supply system, a 90° analyzing magnet, a mass defining slit, beam

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position monitor, accelerator tube, and electrostatic quadrupole triplet lens, a beamline with a Faraday cup, neutral beam trap and raster-scanner, and a target station capable of 6 inch (150 mm) wafer handling, a four-position faraday cup arrangement for dose measurement and target temperature control from LN2 temperature to 800°C, and an ion source (Danfysik model 921A) for the production of high current and high brightness ion beams. Its versatility is due to its ability to ionize materials that have a low vapor pressure by using an oven to heat the charge materials to several hundred degrees, giving it the capability of making ions from a large fraction of the periodic chart. The implanter will be utilized immediately in research programs encompassing a wide range of scientific disciplines and focusing on nanoparticle formation in metals and ceramics, semiconductor nanostructures and heterostructures, atomic and molecular structure modification, and biomedical device materials. Examples of some of the novel uses of this facility are the formation of 3-D arrays of nanostructures to enhance physical and mechanical properties of materials, semiconductor nanopatterning by seeding the formation of nanometer-sized arrays of semiconductor structures, synthesis of bipolar quantum dot thermoelectric devices, femtosecond laser-assisted molecular beam epitaxy, refractive index patterning and the improvement of photoactive devices via ion implantation, and improved adherence of polymer coatings used in next-generation embolization coils for treating neurovascular defects, such as aneurysms and brain tumors. It will also play the lead role in providing surface modification capability to users of the NSF National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN) at the Michigan node. Overall, this implanter will provided a critical resource to 14 active research programs encompassing the work of 28 faculty in 9 departments at Michigan and representing over $22M of active or pending research programs, and will provide a unique resource to surrounding and partner schools. A significant role of the implanter will be to promote the teaching, training and education of graduate, undergraduate students and post-docs in surface modification and materials at the nanoscale, through research projects and formal classes, and to provide special programs for undergraduate students and K-12 outreach. Alloys for 1000°C Service in the Next Generation Nuclear Plant G. S. Was, PI (with J. W. Jones and T. Pollock) D. Kumar and J. Kim, Graduate Students U.S. Department of Energy, Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (NERI) ($873,912/3 yrs) Idaho National Laboratory $181,000/3 yrs

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The objective of the proposed research is to define strategies for the improvement of alloys for structural components, such as the intermediate heat exchanger and primary-to-secondary piping, for service at 1000°C in the He environment of the NGNP. Specifically, we will investigate the oxidation/carburization behavior and microstructure stability and how these processes affect creep. While generating this data, the project will also develop a fundamental understanding of how impurities in the He environment affect these degradation processes and how this understanding can be used to develop more useful life prediction methodologies. Our initial studies will focus on the mechanisms controlling the high temperature degradation of nickel-base alloy 617. Understanding the degradation mechanisms will allow us to predict long-term behavior (to extrapolate lab results to long-term service performance) and to identify an effective approach to modify existing alloys for improved performance. To achieve the latter, we will also investigate two material modification strategies; alloy modifications that provide additional solid solution strengthening and reduce interdiffusion (and therefore creep), and grain boundary engineering to reduce creep. The alloy selection and materials requirements will be based on the Next Generation Nuclear Plant Materials Selection and Qualification Program Plan (INEEL/EXT-03-01128) and the research plan will be closely integrated with, and designed to complement ongoing and planned studies on alloy 617 at INEEL and ORNL. The research will also provide a platform for educating students in the area of nuclear reactor materials and related issues. Candidate Materials Evaluation for the Supercritical Water-Cooled Reactor G. S. Was, PI R. Zhou, Post-doctoral scholar; E. West and P. Ampornrat, Graduate Students U.S. Department of Energy, Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (NERI) $486,250/3 yrs The supercritical-water-cooled reactor (SCWR) system is being evaluated as a Generation IV concept because it and builds on currently proven light water technology to provide for high thermal efficiency and plant simplification. Development, testing, and selection of suitable materials for cladding and internal components are central to the development of a SCWR. Supercritical water presents unique challenges to the long-term performance of engineering materials. Corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in particular have been identified as critical problems because the temperature and the oxidative nature of supercritical water may accelerate the corrosion kinetics and induce stress corrosion cracking. In addition, the presence of radiation can influence corrosion and SCC both by altering the material microstructure and by accelerating corrosion and SCC due to the generation of oxygen and other free radicals via radiolysis. The existing database on the corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of materials in supercritical water is very sparse. Data on the behavior of irradiated alloys is non-existent.

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The objective of the proposed research is to investigate degradation of materials in the supercritical water environment. First, representative alloys from the important classes of candidate materials will be studied for their corrosion and stress-corrosion cracking resistance in supercritical water. These will include ferritic-martensitic steels, austenitic stainless steels, and Ni-base alloys. Corrosion and SCC tests will be conducted at various temperatures and exposure times, as well as in various water chemistries. Second, emerging plasma surface modification and grain boundary engineering technologies will be applied to modify the near surface chemistry, microstructure, and stress-state of the alloys prior to corrosion testing. Third, the effect of irradiation on corrosion and stress-corrosion cracking of alloys in the as-received and modified/engineered conditions will be examined by irradiating samples using high-energy protons and then exposing them to supercritical water. All these tests will be performed in close coordination with, and as a complement to, the Generation IV testing programs on radiolysis corrosion/SCC of neutron irradiated materials in supercritical water. The research program will be performed by the University of Wisconsin and the University of Michigan. Both these institutions have a proven infrastructure for successfully implementing all aspects of the proposed research. The research will have a strong educational component with several graduate and undergraduate students participating. T. R. Allen and G. S. Was, Novel Techniques to Mitigate Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking in Supercritical Water, Corrosion 2007, Paper 07RTS9, NACE International, Houston, TX (2007). E. A. West, S. Teysseyre, Z. Jiao, and G. S. Was, Influence of Irradiation Induced Microstructure on the Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of Austenitic Alloys in Supercritical Water, 13th International Conference on Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors, T. R. Allen, J. Busby, and P. J. King, eds., Canadian Nuclear Society, Toronto (2007).

Corrosion 2007, Paper 07RTS9, NACE International, Houston, TX (2007). S. Teysseyre, Z. Jiao, E. West, and G. S. Was, Effect of Irradiation on Stress Corrosion Cracking In Supercritical Water, J. Nucl. Mater., 371, 107-117 (2007). A. Motta, A. Yilmazbayhan, M. Gomes da Silva, R. J. Comstock, G. S. Was, J. T. Busby, E. Gartner, Q. Peng, Y. Hwan Jeong, and J. Yong Park, Zirconium Alloys for Supercritical Water Reactor Applications: Challenges and Possibilities, J. Nucl. Mater., 371, 61-75(2007).

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G. S. Was, P. Ampornrat, G. Gupta, S. Teysseyre, G. S. Was, T. R. Allen, K. Sridharan, L. Tan, Y. Chen, X. Ren,

J. Nucl. Mater., 371, 176-201 (2007). P. Ampornrat and G. S. Oxidation of Ferritic-Martensitic Alloys T91, HCM12A and HT- J. Nucl. Mater., 371, 1-17 (2007). G. Gaurav, P. Ampornrat, X. Ren, K. Sridharan, T. R. Allen, Grain Boundary Engineering on the SCC Behavior of F-M Alloy HT-9, J. Nucl. Mater., 361, No. 2-3, 160-173 (2007).

Corrosion, 63, 1, 19-45 (2007). Consortium on Cladding and Structural Materials for Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems G. S. Was, PI and L. Wang, Co PI; with U. Wisconsin, U. C. Berkley, U. C. Santa Barbara, Penn State Univ., and Alabama A&M Cheng Xu, graduate student U.S. Department of Energy, Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (NERI) and Electric Power Research Institute $3,500,000/3 yrs

The goal of this consortium is to address key materials issues in the most promising advanced reactor concepts that are yet to be resolved, or that are beyond the existing experience (dose/burnup) base, in order to 1) provide for a sound fundamental and engineering basis for operation in the intended application, 2) bring together key university, national laboratory and industry capability and support in order to provide the most comprehensive approach possible, and 3) create a long term, evolutionary program that seeks to address these and future nuclear materials issues in a progressive manner. This consortium will serve as a nucleation site, about which materials research activities will be catalyzed and grown among the leading individuals and institutions from academia, the national laboratories and industry. It represents an unprecedented opportunity to combine expertise and facilities in an effort to attack the challenge of materials behavior under irradiation on a scale that is not feasible for a single individual or institution.

The objectives of the initial three-year phase of the consortium are to:

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Develop an understanding of the high dose radiation stability of candidate sodium fast reactor (SFR) cladding and duct alloys under a range of temperatures and doses expected in the SFR, using a closely integrated program combining targeted charged particle and neutron irradiations, in-situ irradiation and computer simulation of defect microstructure Determine the stability of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel and ultrafine, precipitation strengthened (HT-UPS) austenitic steel

Characterize and understand the mechanisms of irradiation creep in SiC in TRISO fuel, ferritic-martensitic (F-M) alloys and ODS and UT-UPS steels

Develop barrier layers for protection of F-M alloys from fuel-clad chemical interaction, and of alloy 617 from attack by coolant impurities in the VHTR intermediate heat exchanger

Develop modeling tools to explain the behavior of F-M steels under irradiation, and predictive tools to extend the reach of our understanding beyond the experimental database

The objectives will be accomplished in a research program consisting of three major thrusts: 1) high dose radiation stability of advanced fast reactor fuel cladding alloys, 2) irradiation creep at high temperature and 3) innovative cladding concepts embodying functionally-graded barrier materials. While the initial three-year program will emphasize ion irradiation and irradiated microstructures, we expect that, if successful, the second three-year program will increasingly emphasize reactor irradiations and will include mechanical property determination through national user facilities. Industry partners (EPRI and GE) will utilize the core program as leverage to guide or support additional activities that are of special interest to them, and that fall within the scope of the core program. National laboratory partners (ANL, INL, LANL, ORNL and PNNL) will provide additional capability and direction to various aspects of the core program that are of interest to them. Our technical society partner, ASME, will introduce the data generated by the consortium into the ASME Codes & Standards (C&S) process. Beyond scientific achievements, this consortium will provide substantial additional outcomes that are expected to provide long term benefits to the advanced rector program, including the education of around eight graduate students and several post-docs, inclusion of minority students into the radiation effects and reactor materials fields through the participation of Alabama A&M University (a HBCU institution), creation of new working relationships between universities, laboratories and industry in an unprecedented manner and to an unprecedented degree, and establishment of a pathway to begin to incorporate data generated by the research thrusts into the ASME codes and standards that will be crucial for success of the advanced reactor programs. G. Gupta and G. S. Was, Improved Creep Behavior of Ferritic-Martensitic Alloy T91 by Subgrain Boundary Density Enhancement, Metall. Trans. A, 39A, 150-164 (2008).

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Z. Jiao, N. Ham, and G. S. Was, Microstructure of He-implanted and Proton-irradiated T91 Ferritic-Martensitic Steel, J. Nucl. Mater, 367-370, 440-445 (2007). Localized Deformation as a Primary Cause of Irradiation Assisted Stress Corrosion Cracking G. S. Was, PI (with J. T. Busby, ORNL collaborator) G. Jiao, Assistant Research Scientist U.S. Department of Energy, Nuclear Engineering Education Research Program (NEER) $300,000/3 yrs The purpose of this project is to establish that localized deformation in irradiated LWR core internals is a primary factor in irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC). This mode of degradation is a continuing problem in existing LWRs and is expected to be a more serious problem in advanced LWRs and water-cooled Generation IV concepts such as the supercritical water reactor. Progress in understanding the mechanism driving IASCC has been slow due to the difficulty in unfolding the various contributions to the irradiated microstructure that may contribute to IG cracking. However, data from both unirradiated and irradiated austenitic alloys point toward slip localization in the form of intense, dislocation channels as a common factor in the cause of IG cracking in these alloys. The plan of work seeks to establish the role of localized deformation using a series of carefully chosen alloys and a systematic set of experiments designed to quantify the degree of slip localization as a function of alloy stacking fault energy (SFE) and dislocation channeling following irradiation. Experiments in BWR normal water chemistry will provide the link between slip localization and IASCC susceptibility. A primary outcome of the project is to provide guidance for the development of mitigation measures for IASCC.

J. Nucl. Mater. (In press) Z. Jiao and G. S. Was, The Role of Localized Deformation on IASCC of Proton-Irradiated Austenitic Stainless Steel, 13th International Conference on Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors, T. R. Allen, J. Busby, and P. J. King, eds., Canadian Nuclear Society, Toronto ( 2007). Z. Jiao, N. Ham, -Implanted and Proton-Irradiated T91 Ferritic- J. Nucl. Mater., 367-370, 440-445 (2007).

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A Mechanistic Basis for Irradiation Assisted Stress Corrosion Cracking G. S. Was, PI Z. Jiao, Assistant Research Scientist Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) $110,000/2 yrs Irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) refers to intergranular stress corrosion cracking that is accelerated under the action of irradiation in light water

or accelerates the IGSCC process over the unirradiated state. IASCC has been a problem in the nuclear industry for the last 30 years and continues to occur due to a lack of understanding of its underlying mechanism. It is the single most important problem in core component cracking in boiling water reactors (BWR) [1] and is of growing importance in pressurized water reactors (PWR). Understanding the mechanism of IASCC is required in order to provide guidance for the development of mitigation strategies. The IASCC problem has taken on new urgency with the proposal of more advanced water reactor concepts under the Generation IV program [2], such as the supercritical water reactor (SCWR). The SCWR represents a more demanding environment than LWRs in temperature, irradiation dose and the corrosiveness of the media itself. As such, there is an even more pressing need to develop a solution to the IASCC problem. However, in order to do so, the underlying mechanism must first be understood. This proposal aims to establish such an understanding, which will lead directly to mitigation strategies for current and future reactors. The objective is to determine whether deformation mode is a primary factor in the mechanism of irradiation assisted intergranular stress corrosion cracking of austenitic alloys in light water reactor core components. G. S. Was, Z. Jiao, and J. T. Busby, Recent Developments in Understanding the Mechanism of IASCC, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Research for Aging Management of Light Water Reactors, Institute for Nuclear Safety Systems, Inc, Fukui, Japan, 8-1 to 8-23 (2007). A. Serres, L. Fournier, and G. S. Was, Radiation Induced Microstructure, Strain Localization and Iodine-Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking in Proton Irradiated Zircaloy 4, 13th International Conference on Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors, T. R. Allen, .J. Busby and P. J. King, eds., Canadian Nuclear Society,

Toronto (2007).

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G. S. Was and P. L. Andresen, The Nature of SCC in Irradiated Stainless Steels and Nickel-base Alloys in LWRs, International Corrosion Congress, Las Vegas, NV (October 2008). Z. Jiao, J. T. Busby, -Irradiated

J. Nucl. Mater., 361, No. 2-3, 218-227 (2007). Potential for Atom Probe Tomography in Understanding IASCC G. S. Was, PI and Z. Jiao, Co-PI Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) $252,700/3 years Irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) refers to intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) that is enhanced or accelerated by irradiation over the unirradiated state in light water reactor core components. IASCC has been a problem in the nuclear industry for over 30 years. It is the primary form of core component cracking in boiling water reactors (BWR). It is also an issue of growing importance in pressurized water reactors (PWR). It is probably the most severe potential problem in the supercritical water reactor concept of the DOE Generation IV program. An understanding of the mechanism of IASCC is required in order to provide guidance for the development of mitigation strategies in all these reactors. Conventional tools such as SEM, TEM, and AES etc. have proved very useful in studying IASCC mechanism within their limitations. Atom probe field-ion microscope (AP-FIM) was proposed in the study of the interaction of impurity atoms with defects in

Error! Reference source not found.] Since then, atom probe has emerged as a complementary tool in studying nuclear structural materials, especially in the field of radiation induced segregation (RIS). Early atom probes are very limited by their design and data collection and processing power. In recent years, atom probes have been significantly improved. Data collection and processing are no longer a bottleneck with modern computers. A large volume of atoms on the order of 106 nm3 can be analyzed in a significantly short time. The application of atom probe as a complementary tool in the study of IASCC mechanism becomes more practical and important. The objective of this project is to explore the potential of atom probe tomography (APT) as a tool for understanding the mechanism of irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking of austenitic alloys in light water reactor core components.

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Radiation-Induced Segregation and Phase Stability in Candidate Alloys for the Advanced Burner Reactor G. S. Was, PI; J. Peniston, Graduate student U.S. Department of Energy, Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (NERI) $750,000/3 yrs

The primary objective of this project is to investigate the effect of irradiation on the segregation and phase stability in candidate alloys proposed for application as structural materials for transmutation in the advanced burner reactor. The project will focus on two ferritic-martensitic alloys, and will also include an experimental ODS alloy and an advanced austenitic alloy in a coordinated experimental and modeling effort to investigate the complex electronic magnetic elastic interactions between Cr and radiation induced defects controlling radiation induced segregation in F-M alloys. This project will provide a mechanistic understanding of segregation and phase stability that can be used to develop predictive irradiation performance models. It will also provide data against which forthcoming in-reactor irradiations can be interpreted and understood, as well as guidance and direction for those experiments. This proposal is centered on the two F-M alloys; T91 and HT-9 as both are viable candidates for the ABTR and form the basis for more advanced alloys for the ABR, and will focus on Cr RIS and phase stability in these alloys under irradiation, as these are potentially limiting processes for their application. However, the full, irradiated microstructure needs to be considered as the radiation effects processes are interrelated. Also included in the workscope is a ferritic ODS alloy because of its superior irradiated microstructure stability and strength. In addition, an advanced austenitic candidate alloy, D9, is included because it is the leading austenitic alloy, and yet it potentially can suffer from RIS (of Si) and the formation of deleterious phases (silicides) that could affect performance. Experiments will be conduced by proton and heavy ion irradiation over the dose range 3-100 dpa and the temperature range 350-550°C with the inclusion of He at the highest doses. Analysis of RIS, phase microstructure, dislocation microstructure and hardening will be conducted on all conditions to provide a systematic set of data. The modeling tasks will involve ab-initio electronic structure calculations to investigate the configuration-dependent binding and migration energies of Cr with vacancy and interstitial defects, including small clusters. These values will enable development of atomistic-based kinetic Monte Carlo models similar to those employed previously to evaluate He diffusion in Fe and specifically designed to investigate the Cr diffusivity by interstitial and vacancy mechanisms. The RIS tendencies of Cr in F-M alloys will be predicted as a function of temperature and dose, based on migration mechanisms and energies obtained from ab initio calculations. The outcomes of this modeling task will be mechanistic interpretation of the complex Cr RIS behavior, and

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key diffusional parameters for both continuum level rate theory models and the development predictive RIS models of Cr and Si in F-M alloys. The combined experimental-modeling program is designed to provide a set of data on the behavior of RIS, phase microstructure, dislocation microstructure and hardening as a function of dose and temperature in the range 350-550°C and 3-100 dpa. This data will be used to benchmark RIS and dislocation microstructure models developed from ab initio electronic structure calculations and extended to kinetic Monte Carlo and continuum rate theory (MIK) models. Z. Lu, R. G. Faulkner, G. Was, and B. D. Wirth, Irradiation-induced Grain Boundary Chromium Microchemistry in High Alloy Ferritic Steels, Scripta Mater., 59, 878-881 (2008). Stress Corrosion Cracking and Corrosion of Candidate Alloys for the Supercritical Water Reactor Concept G. S. Was, PI; S. Teysseyre, Assistant Research Scientist U.S. Department of Energy, International Nuclear Energy Research Initiative (INERI) $1,033,207/3 yrs Supercritical water presents unique challenges to the long-term operation of engineering materials. The generation of oxygen and hydrogen gas by radiolysis and the high solubility of these gases in supercritical water may result in higher corrosion and stress corrosion cracking rates than experienced with other reactor designs. In addition, radiation may accelerate or assist the stress corrosion cracking in the reactor region, and stress corrosion cracking and accelerated corrosion may occur in the preheat and cool-down sections of the circuit. The existing data base on the corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steel and nickel based alloys in supercritical water is very sparse. Data on the behavior of irradiated alloys is non-existent. Therefore, the focus of this work will be stress-corrosion-cracking behavior of candidate fuel cladding and structural materials in the unirradiated and irradiated conditions. Two high-temperature autoclave systems have been built to test the SCC and corrosion behavior of unirradiated and proton-irradiated materials. Proton irradiation is used as a surrogate for neutron irradiated material in order to get a first look at the response of candidate alloys to irradiation, and also to cover alloys for which there are currently no neutron irradiated samples for testing. A third high-temperature autoclave coupled to a loading system, and capable of straining up to four tensile samples in constant extension rate mode or one compact tension sample in crack growth rate mode is being built and operated at the University of Michigan (U-M). This system is being constructed for conducting experiments on neutron-irradiated materials.

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The resulting data will be used to further narrow the list of promising materials and develop appropriate stress-corrosion-cracking correlations. The capability to conduct both crack growth rate and constant extension rate tensile experiments on neutron-irradiated samples will constitute the first facility capable of assessing SCC of neutron irradiated alloys in supercritical water. The work plan for this three year (FY05-FY07) program consists of four principal tasks; 1) the completion of a facility to conduct crack growth rate and constant extension rate tensile tests on highly radioactive, neutron irradiated samples in supercritical water, 2) constant extension rate tests and crack growth rate tests of candidate alloys in supercritical water, 3) proton irradiation and constant extension rate tests of proton-irradiated samples in supercritical water and 4) constant extension rate tests and crack growth rate tests of candidate neutron-irradiated alloys in supercritical water. Q. Peng, E. Gartner, J. T. Busby, A. T. Motta, and G. S. Was, Corrosion Behavior of Model Zirconium Alloys in Deaerated Supercritical Water at 500 C, Corrosion, 63 (6) 577-590 (2007). S. Teysseyre and G. S. Was, Stress Corrosion Cracking of Neutron Irradiated Steel in Supercritical Water, 13th International Conference on Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors, T. R. Allen, .J. Busby, and P. J. King, eds., Canadian Nuclear Society, Toronto (2007). Q. J. Peng, S. Teysseyre, P. L. Andresen, and G. S. Was, Stress Corrosion Crack Growth in 316 Stainless Steel in Supercritical Water, Corrosion, 63, 1033-1041 (2007). Q. Peng, E. Gartner, J. T. Busby, A. T. Motta, and G. S. Was, Corrosion Behavior of Model Zirconium Alloys in Deaerated Supercritical Water at 500 C, Corrosion, 63, 6, 577-590. (2007). G. Gaurav, P. Ampornrat, X. Ren, K. Sridharan, T. R. Allen, Grain Boundary Engineering on the SCC Behavior of F-M Alloy HT-9, J. Nucl. Mater., 361(2-3) 160-173 (2007). S. Teysseyre, Z. Jiao, E. West, ess Corrosion

J. Nucl. Mater., 371, 107-117 (2007). S. Teysseyre, Q. Peng, C. Becker,

J. Nucl. Mater., 371, 98-106 (2007).

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PLASMAS AND FUSION Optimization of an ECR Plasma as a Source for Electric Propulsion Systems J. Foster, PI NASA GSRP $29,000/yr Understanding the Physical Mechanisms of Electron Emission in an Orificed Electron Cyclotron Resonance Plasma Cathode J. Foster, PI Rackham Research Grant $36,705/1 yr J. E. Foster, E. Gillman, B. Sommers,

Proceedings of the 43rd Joint Propulsion Conference, AIAA Paper 2007-5294. Y. Hidaka, J. E. Foster, W. D. Getty, R. M. Gilgenbach, and Analysis of an ECR Plasma Cath Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A, 25, 4, July/August 2007. J. E. Foster, B. Weatherford, and B. Sommers, for Electric Propulsion Applications, Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE Pulsed Power and Plasma Science Conference, Albuquerque, June 17-22, 2007. J. E. Foster, G. J. Williams, and M. J. of an Ion Thruster

Journal of Propulsion and Power, 23, 4, 828, July/August 2007. M. J. Patterson, J. Foster, H. D. McEwen, E. Pencil, and J. VanNoord, NEXT Multi-Thruster Array Test-Engineering Demonstration, AIAA Paper 2006-5180, Proceedings of the 42nd Joint Propulsion Conference, Sacramento, CA, July 2006. J. Foster, E. Pencil, H. McEwen, M. J. Patterson, E. Diaz, and J. Van Noord, Neutralizer Plasma Coupling in a NEXT Multi-thruster Array AIAA Paper 2006-5184,

42nd Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Sacramento, CA, July 2006.

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J. Foster, E. Pencil, M. J. Patterson, H. McEwen, E. Diaz, and J. Van Noord, Plasma Characteristics Measured in the Plume of a NEXT Multi-Thruster Array, AIAA Paper 2006-5181, 42nd Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Sacramento, CA, July 2006. Cathode Spot Formation on a Microparticle-Laden Electrode with Application to Plasma Quenching for Blackout Mitigation J.Foster, PI Rackham Research Grant $4,000/yr Plasma Processing of Agricultural Waste into Photovoltaic Silicon J. Foster PI National Science Foundation $49,800/year B. Sommers and J. Foster, Characterization of Ion Acceleration Processes in a Surface ECR Plasma Source Proceedings of the 44th AIAA/ASM/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Hartford, AIAA Paper 2008-4537. (Submitted for publication August 2008.) J. E. Foster and E. Gillman, Observation of Cathode Spot Phenomena at the Surface of Dust-covered Electrode in the Presence of a Background Plasma and Applied Magnetic Fi Proceedings of the 44th AIAA/ASM/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Hartford. (Submitted for publication August 2008.) A. Hubble and J. Foster Plasma Collection Width Measurements in a 10-cm Ring Cusp Discharge Chamber, Proceedings of the 44th AIAA/ASM/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Hartford, AIAA Paper 2008-4639. B. Sommers and Characterization of Ion Acceleration Processes in a Surface ECR Plasma Source, Proceedings of the 44th AIAA/ASM/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Hartford, AIAA Paper 2008-4537. (Submitted for publication August 2008.) E. D. Gillman, P. G. Cummings, and J. E. Foster Low Power Planar Antenna Inductive Discharge Ion Source, Proceedings of the 44th AIAA/ASM/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Hartford, AIAA Paper 2008-5199.

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B. Weatherford and J. Foster, Characterization of a Waveguide ECR Plasma Source,Proceedings of the 44th AIAA/ASM/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Hartford, AIAA Paper 2008-4535. S. Nguyen, K. Lemmer, A. Gallimore, and J. Foster, Species Composition in Radio Frequency Plasma Produced from Water V Proceedings of the International Electric Propulsion Conference, September 2007, Italy, IEPC Paper 2007-82. DURIP Equipment Grant: Versatile Ultrawideband Generator and Antenna System R. M. Gilgenbach, PI and Y. Y. Lau, Co-PI U.S. Department of Defense/Air Force Office of Scientific Research $205,000/1 yr This is supplementary funding for equipment purchase of an ultrawideband generator and antenna for biological applications. Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Wire Z-Pinches R. M. Gilgenbach, PI and Y. Y. Lau, Co-PI U.S. Department of Energy/Sandia National Laboratories $300,000/yr The purpose of this work is to perform detailed diagnostics on expanding plasma ionization dynamics of a new z-pinch plasma experiment built at the University of Michigan. W. Tang, T. S. Strickler, Y. Y. Lau, R. M. Gilgenbach, J. Zier, M. R. Gomez, E. Yu, C. Garasi, M. E. Cuneo, and T. A. Mehlhorn, Clumping Instabilities in a Z- Phys. Plasmas, 14, 012706 (2007). J. Zier, M. R. Gomez, D. M. French, R. M. Gilgenbach, Y. Y. Lau, W. Tang, M. E. Cuneo, T. A. Mehlhorn, M. D. Johnston, and M. -tension Effects on Plasma Dynamics on a Two-wire Z-p IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. (in press 2008). W. Tang and Y. Y. Lau

Appl. Phys. Lett. (2008).

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M. R. Gomez, R. M. Gilgenbach, J. C. Zier, W. Tang, D. M. French, A. F. Thurtell, and -pinch Wire-electrode Contact Resistance Studies using Weighted and Soft

Rev. Sci. Instrum. (2008). Industrial Affiliates Program (L-3 Communications) R. M. Gilgenbach, PI and Y. Y. Lau, Co-PI L-3 Communication Electron Devices $10,000/yr This gift from L-3 Communications facilitates communication with researchers in the U-M Intense Energy Beam Interaction Laboratory. Industrial Affiliates Program (Northrop Grumman) R. M. Gilgenbach, PI and Y. Y. Lau, Co-PI Northrop Grumman Corporation $10,000/2 yrs This gift from the Northrop Grumman Corporation facilitates communication with researchers in the U-M Intense Energy Beam Interaction Laboratory. Nanophysics of Electron Emission and Breakdown for High Power Microwaves R. M. Gilgenbach, PI and Y. Y. Lau, Co-PI U.S. Department of Defense/Air Force/Univ. CA-Davis $350,000/5 yrs This project concerns several issues in microwave generation from vacuum electron microwave devices.

Field and Electron Orbits near a Triple P J. Appl. Phys., 102, 033301 (2007). H. C. Kim, J. Verboncoeur, an Window Breakdown: from Vacuum Multipactor to RF Plasma IEEE Trans. Dielectrics Electr. Insul., 14, 766 (2007). (Invited Paper)

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Field Distribution on Knife-Edge Field E Appl. Phys. Lett., 91, 074105 (2007).

-oxide- junction, Triple Point Cathodes in a Relativistic M Rev. Sci. Instrum. (in press 2008).

High Dimensional Theory of Contact Rto Appl. Phys. Lett. Phase Locking of Commercial Magnetrons R. M. Gilgenbach, PI and Y. Y. Lau, Co-PI U.S. Office of Naval Research/University of New Mexico $370,000/3 yrs This project studies mode locking of high power microwave devices, in collaboration with the University of New Mexico. P. Pengvanich, Y. Y. Lau, J. W. Luginsland, R. M. Gilgenbach, E. Cruz, and E. Schamiloglu, Effects of Frequency Chirp on Magnetron Injection L Phys. Plasmas, 15, 073110 (2008). P. Pengvanich, Y. Y. Lau, E. Cruz, R. M. Gilgenbach, B. Hoff, and J. W. Luginsland, Analysis of Peer-to-peer Locking of M Phys. Plasmas.

Relativistic Magnetron Priming Experiments and Theory R. M. Gilgenbach, PI and Y. Y. Lau, Co-PI U.S. Department of Defense/Air Force Office of Scientific Research $1,856,000/5 yrs This research provides novel methods of priming relativistic magnetron for generating

Y. Y. Lau, J. W. Luginsland, K. L. Cartwright, and M. D. Ha a Crossed-field D Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 015002 (2007). B. W. Hoff, R. M. Gilgenbach, N. M. Jordan, Y. Y. Lau, E. J. Cruz, D. M. French, M. R. Gomez, J. C. Zier, T. A Priming at the Cathode of a Relativistic M IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. (in press 2008).

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Ultra-Wideband RF Enhanced Electroporation for Chemotherapy R. M. Gilgenbach, PI; Y. Y. Lau and M. Uhler (Medical School), Co-PIs U.S. Department of Defense/Air Force Office of Scientific Research $900,000 for 6 years This is an innovative new research project that explores the fundamental interactions of non-ionizing RF radiation with biological cells. The goal is to combine ultra-wideband radiation with chemotherapy treatment of tumor cells. A factor of 1,000 improvement in chemotherapy drug effectiveness has been demonstrated by the application of high electric fields to cells. Study of Plasma Dynamics in the GDM Plasma Thruster T. Kammash, PI NASA GSRP $72,000/3 yrs Plasma confined in the Gasdynamic Mirror (GDM) can be heated to sufficiently high temperatures to serve as a thruster when the plasma is ejected from one of the mirrors to generate thrust. Several conditions must be satisfied in order for this to be achieved, including adequate confinement, generation of the accelerating electrostatic potential and stability for the duration of this confinement. This study is aimed at addressing the various plasma phenomena that impact these conditions. T. Kammash -3 Mining of

Proceedings STAIF 2008, February 10-14, 2008, Albuquerque, NM, CD-ROM (2008).

P Proceedings STAIF 2008, February 10-14, 2008, Albuquerque, NM, CD-ROM (2008).

th Joint Propulsion Conference, Hartford, CT, July 20-23, 2008 T. -Boosted

AIAA 44th Joint Propulsion Conference, Hartford, CT, July 20-23, 2008

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- 43rd Joint Propulsion Conference, Paper #AIAA-2007-5609, Cincinnati, OH, July 8-11, 2007.

-Driven Fusion Propulsion System for OTV 43rd Joint Propulsion Conference, Paper #AIAA-2007-5610, Cincinnati,

OH, July 8-11, 2007. T. Kammash, R. Tang,

43rd Joint Propulsion Conference, Paper #AIAA-2007-5612, Cincinnati, OH, July 8-11, 2007. T. Kammash, R. Tang, -Model Fusion Propulsion System for He-3

Trans. American Nuclear Society, 94, 4-8 (2006).

- J. British Interplanetary Society, 59, 23-26 (2006).

e Capability of Assymmetric GDM Propulsion 42nd Joint Propulsion Conference, Paper #AIAA-2006-4391, Sacramento, CA,

July 9-12, 2006.

-Model Fusion Propulsion System 42nd Joint Propulsion Conference, Paper #AIAA-2006-4394, Sacramento, CA, July 9-12, 2006. Active Interrogation Using Radiation Generated from Intense Laser Produced Electron Beams K. Krushelnick, PI; Co-PI s (from EECS) Maksimchuk, Yanovsky, and Nees NSF/DNDO $1,922,950/5 yrs Collimated Fast Neutron Beam Generation Using Intense Laser Plasma Interactions K. Krushelnick, PI; Co-I (Maksimchuk, Yanovsky, Nees EECS) U.S. Naval Research Laboratory $917,716/1 yr

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FOCUS Frontiers of Optical Coherent and Ultrafast Science G. Raithel (Physics) PI, 25 Co-PIs including K. Krushelnick (NERS) National Science Foundation $4,535,000/2 yrs This is an NSF Physics Frontier Center examining high intensity laser interactions with matter. J. S. Green, F. N. Beg, S. N. Bland, M. Collett, A. E. Dangor, and K. Krushelnick,

Multiple-wire X-pinches, IEEE Transaction on Plasma Science, 361, 1288 (2008). F. Lindau, O. Lundh, S. P. D. Mangles, M. C. Kaluza, K. Krushelnick, Z. Najmudin, A. Persson, A. G. R. Thomas, and C. G. Wahlstrom, ization of Quasi-monoenergetic Electron Beams at the LundLaser Centre, IEEE Transaction on Plasma Science, 361, 170 (2008). L. Willingale, S. P. D. Mangles, P. M. Nilson, R. J. Clarke, A. E. Dangor, M. C. Kaluza, S. Karsch, K. L. Lancaster, W. B. Mori, J. Schreiber, A. G. R. Thomas, M. S. Wei, K. Krushelnick, and Z. Najmudin, Ion Acceleration from High-intensity Laser Interactions with Underdense Plasma, IEEE Transaction on Plasma Science, 361, 1825 (2008). A. G. R. Thomas, C. D. Murphy, S. P. D. Mangles, A. E. Dangor, P. Foster, J. Gallacher, D. A. Jaroszynski, C. Kamperidis, K. L. Lancaster, P. A. Norreys, R. Viskup, K. Krushelnick, and Z. Najmudin Monoenergetic Electronic Beam Production using Dual Collinear Laser Pulses S Physical Review Letters, 101, 255002 (2008). V. Yanovsky, G. Kalinchenko, P. Rousseau, V. Chvykov, G. Mourou, and K. Krushelnick,

-flat-top Frequency-doubled Nd:Glass Laser for Pumping of High Power Ti:Sapphire Amplifiers at a 0.1 Hz Repetition rate, Applied Optics, 47, 1968 (2008). M. Zepf, K. Krushelnick, and A. E. Dangor, Modulation of Harmonic Emission Spectra from Laser-plasma Interactions Physical Review Letters, 100, 199501 (2008). M. Nakatsutsumi, J. R. Davies, R. Kodama, J. S. Green, K. L. Lancaster, K. U. Akli, F. N. Beg, S. N. Chen, D. Clark, R. R. Freeman, C. D. Gregory, H. Habara, R. Heathcote, D. S. Hey, K. Highbarger, P. Jaanimagi, M. H. Key, K. Krushelnick, T. Ma, A. MacPhee, A. J. MacKinnon, H. Nakamura, R. B. Stephens, M. Storm, M. Tampo, W. Theobald, L.

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Van Woerkom, R. L. Weber, M. S. Wei, N. C. Woolsey, and P. A. Norreys, Time Resolved Measurements of the Heating of Solids to Ten Million Kelvin by a

New Journal of Physics, 10, 043046 (2008). B. Hou, J. Easter, K. Krushelnick, and J. A. Nees, Hard X-rays by Femtosecond Laser Pulse Interaction with Cu in Laminar Helium Flow in Ambient Air, Applied Physics Letters, 92, 161501 (2008). K. Krushelnick, W. Rozmus, U.Wagner, F. N. Beg, S. G. Bochkarev, E. L. Clark, A. E. Dangor, R. G. Evans, A. Gopal, H. Habara, S. P. D. Mangles, P. A. Norreys, A. P. L. Robinson, M. Tatarakis, M. S. Wei, and M. Zepf, Relativistic Plasma on Extreme-Ultraviolet Harmonic Emission from Intense Laser-matter Interactions, Physical Review Letters, 100, 125005 (2008). T. P. Rowlands-Rees, C. Kamperidis, S. Kneip, A. J. Gonsalves, S. P. D. Mangles, J. G. Gallacher, E. Brunetti, T. Ibbotson, C. D. Murphy, P. S. Foster, M. J. V. Streeter, F. Budde, P. A. Norreys, D. A. Jaroszynski, K. Krushelnick, Z. Najmudin, and S. M. Hooker, -driven Acceleration in a Partially-ionized Plasma Channel, Physical Review Letters, 100, 105005 (2008). S. Kar, K. Markey, P. T. Simpson, C. Bellei, J. S. Green, S. R. Nagel, S. Kneip, D. C. Carroll, B. Dromey, L. Willingale, E. L. Clark, P. McKenna, Z. Najmudin, K. Krushelnick, P. Norreys, R. J. Clarke, D. Neely, M. Borghesi, and M. Zepf, Control of Laser-produced Proton Beams, Physical Review Letters, 100, 105004 (2008 ). S. Kneip, S. R. Nagel, C. Bellei, N. Bourgeois, A. E. Dangor, A. Gopal, R. Heathcote, S. P. D. Mangles,J. R. Marques, A. Maksimchuk, P. M. Nilson, K. Ta Phuoc, S. Reed, M. Tzoufras, F. S. Tsung, L. Willingale, W. B. Mori, A. Rousse, K. Krushelnick, and Z. Najmudin, Synchrotron Radiation from Electrons Accelerated in a Petawatt-laser-generated Plasma Cavity, Physical Review Letters, 100, 105006 (2008). A. Maksimchuk, S. Reed, S. S. Bulanov, V. Chvykov, G. Kalintchenko, T. Matsuoka, C. McGuffey, G. Mourou, N. Naumova, J. Nees, P. Rousseau, V. Yanovsky, K. Krushelnick, N. H. Matlis, S. Kalmykov, G. Shvets, M. C. Downer, C. R. Vane, J. R. Beene, D. Stracener, and D. R. Schultz, Laser Wakefield Structures and Electron Acceleration in Underdense P Physics of Plasmas, 15, 056703 (2008). S. S. Bulanov, A. Brantov, V. Yu. Bychenkov, V. Chvykov, G. Kalinchenko, T. Matsuoka, P. Rousseau, S. Reed, V. Yanovsky, K. Krushelnick, D. W. Litzenberg, and A. Maksiimchuk,

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Protons to Therapeutic Energies with Ultra-intense Ultra-clean and Ultra-short Laser P Medical Physics, 35, 1770 (2008). V. Yanovsky, V. Chvykov, G. Kalinchenko, P. Rousseau, T. Planchon, T. Matsuoka, A. Maksimchuk, J. Nees, G. Cheriaux, G.Mourou, and K. Krushelnick, -high Intensity

Optics Express, 16, 2109 (2008). M Zepf, B. Dromey, S. Kar, C. Bellei, D. C. Carroll, R. J. Clarke, J. S. Green, S. Kneip, K. Markey, S. R. Nagel, P. T. Simpson, L. Willingale, P. McKennna, D. Neely, Z. Najmudin, K. Krushelnick, and P. A. Norreys, Harmonics from Relativistically Oscillating Plasma Surfaces a High Brightness Attosecond Source at keV Photon Energies, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 49, B149 (2007). S. M. Hooker, E. Brunetti, E. Esarey, J. G. Gallacher, C. G. R. Geddes, A. J. Gonsalves, D. A. Jaroszynski, C. Kamperides, S. Kneip, K. Krushelnick, W. P. Leemans, S. P. D. Mangles, C. D. Murphy, B. Nagler, Z. Najmudin, K. Nakamura, P. A. Norreys, D. Panasenko, T. P. Rowlands-Rees, C. B. Schroeder, C. S. Toth, and R. Trines, Plasma Accelerators Driven in Waveguides, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 49, B403 (2007). K. Krushelnick, Z. Najmudin, and A. E. Dangor, rticle Acceleration using Intense Laser-produced Plasmas, Laser Physics Letters, 4, 847 (2007). J .S. Green, K. L. Lancaster, K. U. Akli, C. D. Gregory, F. N. Beg, S. N. Chen, D. Clark, R. R. Freeman, S. Hawkes, C. Hernandez-Gomez, H. Habara, R. Heathcote, D. S. Hey, K. Highbarger, M. H. Key, R. Kodama, K. Krushelnick, I. Musgrave, H. Nakamura, M. Nakatsutsumi, N. Patel, R. Stephens, M. Storm, M. Tampo, W. Theobald, L. Van Woerkom, R. L. Weber, M. S. Wei, N. C. Woolsey, and P. A. Norreys, Heating of Wire Plasmas using Laser-irradiated Cone Geometries, Nature Physics, 3, 853 (2007). B. Dromey, S. Kar, C. Bellei, D. C. Carroll, R. J. Clarke, J. S. Green, S. Kneip, K. Markey, W. Murphy, S. R. Nagel, P. T. Simpson, L. Willingale, P. McKenna, D. Neely, Z. Najmudin, K. Krushelnick, P. A. Norreys, and M. Zepf, Coherent Multi-keV Radiation from Relativistically Oscillating Plasma Surfaces, Physical Review Letters, 99, 085001 (2007). S. P. D. Mangles, A. G. R. Thomas, O. Lundh, F. Lindau, M. C. Kaluza, A. Persson, C-G. Wahlstrom, K. Krushelnick, and Z. Najmudin, Stability of Laser Wakefield Electron Accelerators in the Mono-energetic Regime, Physics of Plasmas, 14, 056702 (2007).

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A. G. R. Thomas, C. D. Murphy, S. P. D. Mangles, Z. Najmudin, A. E. Dangor, W. Rozmus, W. B. Mori, P. A. Norreys, and K. Krushelnick, aser Focusing Conditions on Propagation and Monoenergetic Eelectron Beam Production in Laser Wakefield Accelerators, Physical Review Letters, 98, 054802 (2007). K. L. Lancaster, J. S. Green, D. S. Hey, K. U. Akli, J. R. Davies, R. J. Clarke, R. R. Freeman, H. Habara, M. H. Key, R. Kodama, K. Krushelnick, C. D. Murphy, M. Nakatsutsumi, P. Simpson, R. Snavely, R. Stephens, C. Stoeckl, T. Yabuuchi, M. Zepf, and P. A. Norreys,

Energy Transport Patterns in Solid Density Laser-plasma Interactions at Intensities of 5 x 1020 W/cm2, Physical Review Letters, 98, 125002 (2007). A. G. R. Thomas, C. D. Murphy, S. P. D. Mangles, Z. Najmudin, A. E. Dangor, M. Kaluza, and K. Krushelnick, Wave-breaking Radiation from a Laser-wakefield Accelerator, Physical Review Letters, 98, 054802 (2007). L. Willingale, S. P. D. Mangles, P. M. Nilson, R. J. Clarke, A. E. Dangor, M. C. Kaluza, S. Karsch, K. L. Lancaster, W. B. Mori, Z. Najmudin, J. Schreiber, A. G. R. Thomas, M. S. Wei, and K. Krushelnick, Collimated multi-MeV ion beams from High-intensity Laser Interactions with Underdense P - Willingale et al. reply, Physical Review Letters, 98, 049504 (2007). Intergovernmental Personnel Act (IPA) Assignment at Air Force Research Laboratory Y. Y. Lau, PI U.S. Department of Defense, Air Force $116,787/1.5 years This is to support AFRL on high power microwaves. Y. Y. Lau, J. W. Luginsland, K. L. Cartwright, Crossed- Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 015002 (2007).

High Dimensional Theory of Contact RAppl. Phys. Lett.

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RADIATION MEASUREMENTS AND IMAGING Silicon-based Examination of Gamma-ray and Neutron Interactions with Solid-state Materials M. D. Hammig, PI U.S. Department of Defense, Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) $451,402/3years Silicon-based 3D Position-Sensitive Scatter Detector with Integrated Amplification M. D. Hammig, PI Department of Homeland Security $510,025/2 years Constructing 3D CdZnTe Polaris II Isotope Identifier Z. He, PI U.S. Department of Energy/Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories $887,000/3.5 yrs This project develops the first array system using 3-dimensional position-sensitive CdZnTe gamma-ray spectrometers for isotope identification. This system will employ 18 1.5 1.5 1 cm3 modular detectors, having a total detection volume of 40.5 cm3. The expected energy resolution is about 1% FWHM or better at 662 keV gamma-ray energy and angular resolution less than 20 degrees within a 4 solid angle. The applications are for nuclear non-proliferation and homeland security. F. Zhang, Z. He, A Prototype Three-Dimensional Position Sensitive

accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2007. Detection of Shielded Uranium and Plutonium Z. He, PI Department of Defense, Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) $6,495,000/5 yrs

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This project is to develop unprecedented array systems using 3-dimensional position-sensitive CdZnTe and HgI2 gamma-ray imaging spectrometers, which will have total detection volume of more than 100 cm3 per system. These systems will be tested against real special nuclear materials at the end of the project.

-Ray Energy-Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 574, 98-109 (2007). Development of High Resolution 3-Dimensional Position-Sensitive CdZnTe Gamma-Ray Spectrometers Zhong He, PI Department of Energy, NA-22 office $899,998/3 yrs Development of Integrated Real-Time Imaging and Isotope Detection Algorithms for 3-Dimensional Position-Sensitive Semiconductor Gamma-Ray Imaging Spectrometers and Sensor Networks Zhong He, PI Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office $1,993,290/5 yrs Development of Pixellated Mercuric Iodide Gamma-Ray Detectors Zhong He, PI Constellation Technology Corporation $53,248/1 yr This project develops thick (1cm) pixellated prototype HgI2 gamma-ray spectrometers with energy resolution of about 1% FWHM at 662 keV.

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Development of TlBr Gamma-Ray Spectrometers Zhong He, PI Sub-contract from Radiation Monitoring Devices Prime sponsors: DNDO of Department of Homeland Security and DTRA, Department of Defense $626,000/3 yrs Evaluation of Microelectronic Readout for 3D Position-Sensitive CZT/HgI2 Detector Arrays Zhong He, PI Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office Brookhaven National Laboratory subcontract $50,144/4 mos Voxelated CZT Detectors with Readout and Algorithm Development for Intelligent Personal Radiation Locator (IPRL) Project Zhong He, PI Department of Homeland Security/Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory $247,458/8 mos For publications of Professor Zhong He s group, see website at: http://czt-lab.engin.umich.edu Characterization of the Capture-Gated Liquid Scintillator BC-523A S. A. Pozzi, PI Department of Energy/NA-24 (subcontract) $18,000 /4 months This work is a continuing collaboration with the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM), the Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen (IPSC), and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The aim of the collaboration is to pool resources and competencies in the area of detector development and Monte Carlo simulations. In this part of the research project, the response of the capture-gated detector BC-523A to monoenergetic neutrons will be measured at the Van de Graff facility at the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements in Geel, Belgium. The

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results of these measurements will be used to develop new physics models to be included in the Monte Carlo simulations for this type of detector.

Regime for Special N presented at the Symposium on Radiation Measurements and Applications (SORMA08), Berkeley, CA., June 2 5, 2008.

-6-Glass/Plastic-Scintillation Detector for Nuclear presented at the Symposium on Radiation Measurements and Applications (SORMA08), Berkeley, CA., June 2 5, 2008. M. Flaska and S. A. Pozzi, Digital Pulse Shape Analysis for the Capture-Gated Liquid Scintillator BC-523A submitted to Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A. M. Flaska, S. A. Pozzi Use of the Boron-Loaded Liquid Scintillator BC-523A for the Detection of presented at the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management 49th Annual Meeting, Nashville, TN, July 13 17, 2008.

Extensive Testing of the TORO Pileup Recovery Technology at the University of Michigan S. A. Pozzi, PI Southern Innovation $59,352 /4 months The goal of this project is to perform extensive testing of the TORO multichannel analyzer and its algorithms for recovering piled-up events. The experiments performed at the University of Michigan will include measurements with high-activity gamma ray sources using sodium iodide, germanium, and liquid scintillation detectors. The performance of the TORO system will be compared to that of other commercially available systems. Monte Carlo Simulations for Tunable, Mono-energetic Gamma-ray Source for Detection of Embedded SNM S. A. Pozzi, PI Department of Homeland Security/Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (subcontract) $65,500/10 months

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In this project we develop algorithms and Monte Carlo models to determine the detector response for various gamma ray detectors. The results of this modeling are compared to experiments performed at the University of Nebraska. The final goal of this project is to develop a source that could be used to detect and identify shielded special nuclear materials. N. J. Cunningham, S. A. Pozzi, S. D. Clarke, S. Bunerjee, R. Vane, J. Beene, D. Schultz, and D. Umsta -Energy Laser-Accelerated Electron Beams for Long-Range Interrogation, Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research & Industry (CAARI 2008), Fort Worth, Texas, August 2008. Integration of Electron Tracking into Compton Imaging for the Advanced Compton Telescope D. K. Wehe, PI National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) $24,000/1 yr This project seeks to understand the significance of the Compton recoil electron direction in enhancing the images produced by electronically collimated gamma ray imagers. As position sensing capabilities continue to improve with finer pitch electrodes, it may be possible by looking at bystander signals to not only determine sub-pitch lateral resolution, but also to infer some information as to the

Mobile Robotics and Sensing University Research Program in Robotics D. H. Wehe, PI U.S. Department of Energy $852,500/yr The University of Michigan extends the capabilities of current mobile robots to provide increased autonomy of remote operations, so that sensors and other technologies can be quickly and safely delivered to interior and outdoor environments of large expanses. The University of Michigan also develops advanced radiation sensing technologies for use in DOE environments. Current projects include the development of hybrid gamma ray imagers, development of unique digital pulse processing techniques, active interrogation for surveillance and monitoring, and micro-mechanical radiation detectors.

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Radionuclides: Radiation Detection and Quantification D. H. Wehe, PI (with W. L. Rogers) NIH/U-M Nuclear Medicine (subcontract) $214,933/3 yrs This project involves the development of electronically collimated gamma ray imagers for nuclear medicine applications, including SPECT, and combined PET+SPECT for small animal imaging. NERS students work with researchers in nuclear medicine to develop the prototype imaging systems and the algorithms for interpreting the data.

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RADIATION SAFETY, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, AND MEDICAL PHYSICS (REM)

Dynamic Modeling and Complexity in Radiation Oncology James Balter, PI; NERS Grad student, Rojano Kashani National Institutes of Health (NIH) $261,481/yr Rojano Kashani is characterizing shape changes due to breathing movement and anatomic changes over a course of therapy. She is analyzing the accuracy with which these deformations can be characterized, estimating predictors of shape using reduced information (e.g. to aid a tracking system), and estimating the dosimetric impact of shape change over a treatment course. R. Kashani, K. L. Lam, D. W. Litzenberg, and J. Balter, A Deformable Phantom for Dynamic Medical Physics, 34(1), 199-201 (2007). R. Kashani, M. Hub, M. Kessler, and J. M. Balter, A Physical Phantom for Assessment of Accuracy of Deformable Alignment Algorithms, Medical Physics, 34 (7), 2785-2788 (2007). O. Gutfeld, A. E. Kretzler, R. Kashani, D. Tatro, J. M. Balter, Influence of Rotation on Robustness of Spinal Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys (2008). R. Kashani, M. Hub, M. Kessler, L. Dong, L. Zhang, L. Xing, Y. Xie, D. Hawkes, J. Schnabel, J. McClelland, S. Joshi, Q. Chen, and W. Lu, Objective Assessment of Deformable Image Registration in Radiotherapy a Multi-Institution Study Medical Physics (2008).      Development of a Combined 3D X-ray and 3D Ultrasound Breast Imaging System M. M Goodsitt, Co-PI (PI: P.L. Carson) National Institutes of Health (NIH) $6,388,744 In collaboration with scientists at GE Global Research and medical physicists in the Department of Radiology at the University of Michigan, we are developing and

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evaluating a new dual-modality system that images the breast with x-rays and ultrasound in the same geometry, thereby insuring perfect registration between the masses detected with both modalities. The system acquires multiple x-ray projections and reconstructs images of 1 mm thick slices using a technique called tomosynthesis. This significantly reduces the overlap problem in conventional single projection mammography in which masses are often camouflaged by overlying and underling dense tissues. Automated ultrasound is acquired with 0.4 mm spacing between images using a custom-built scanning device. The dual modality system should improve breast mass characterization, thereby eliminating unnecessary biopsies and workups and it should also facilitate the earlier detection of breast cancer. Preliminary trials with patients have shown much promise. Research is ongoing in determining better tomosynthesis reconstruction methods and incorporating and developing advanced imaging modes for the dual-modality system such as ultrasound Doppler and elasticity imaging. We recently were awarded a second 5 year grant to continue our work on this project and to incorporate a third modality, photoacoustic tomography, which like MRI provides metabolic information about lesions, but does not require the use of a contrast agent. R. C. Booi, J. F.Krücker, M. M. Goodsitt, M. O. Donnell, A. Kapur, G. L. LeCarpentier, M. A. Roubidoux, J. B. Fowlkes, and P. L. Carson, Evaluation of Thin Compression

J. Ultrasound Med Biol., 33, 472-82 (2007). S. P. Sinha, M. M. Goodsitt, M. A. Roubidoux, et al., Automated Ultrasound Scanning on a Dual-modality Breast Imaging System--Coverage and Motion Issues and Solutions Journal of Ultrasound In Medicine, 26 (5), 645-655 (2007). SPECT/CT Image-Based Dosimetry in Radionuclide Therapy M. M. Goodsitt, Co-investigator (PI, Y. K. Dewaraja) National Institutes of Health (NIH) $1,250,000 The objective of this project is to develop methods for tumor and bone marrow dosimetry based on integrated SPECT/CT imaging coupled to Monte Carlo radiation transport calculation. The new methods will be applied to patient data to determine the correlations between measures that represent the 3D distribution of absorbed dose and

-energy QCT methods to evaluate the composition of the bone marrow of the patients.

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Computer-aided Diagnosis of Lung Cancer in Thoracic Computed Tomograms M. M. Goodsitt, Co-investigator (PI, H-P Chan) National Institutes of Health (NIH) $273,139/yr The major goal of this project is to develop a computer-aided diagnosis system to assist radiologists in detecting lung nodules on thoracic CT images. M. to develop QCT methods for estimating the calcium content of lung nodules. M. M. Goodsitt, H. P. Chan, T. W.Way, S. C. Larson, E. G. Christodoulou, and J. Kim, Accuracy of the CT Numbers of Simulated Lung Nodules Imaged with Multi-Detector

CT Scanners, Medical Physics, 33, 3006-3017 (2006). T. W. Way, H. P. Chan, M. M. Goodsitt, B. Sahiner, L. M. Hadjiiski, C. Zhou, and A. Chughtai, Effect of CT Scanning Parameters on Volumetric Measurements of Pulmonary Nodules by 3D Active Contour Segmentation: a Phantom Physics in Medicine and Biology, 53(5), 295-1312 (2008). Digital Tomosynthesis Mammography: Computer-Aided Analysis of Masses M. M. Goodsitt, Co-investigator (PI, H-P Chan) National Institutes of Health (NIH) $379,995/yr. The main goals of this project are to develop computer-aided analysis methods for breast masses in digital tomosynthesis mammograms. M. with the QC of the tomosynthesis system and the development of methods for the analysis of tomosynthesis image quality. Y. Zhang, H. P. Chan, B. Sahiner, J. Wei, M. M. Goodsitt, L. M. Hadjiiski, J. Ge, and C.

A Comparative Study of Limited-angle Cone-beam Reconstruction Methods for Breast Tomosynthesis, Medical Physics, 33, 3781-3795 (2006).  Applied Environmental Radiation Measurements Laboratory  K. J. Kearfott, PI U-M Elizabeth Caroline Crosby Research Award $64,000

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A new facility has been established which focuses on the measurement of small amounts of radiation in the environment and in laboratory samples. Unique, practical capabilities to solve actual industrial, medical, nuclear power, and national laboratory radiation safety challenges are to be developed through applied research. A variety of specific projects, relating to nuclear facility decommissioning, nuclear power plant emissions verification, geological research, radiotracer experiments, responses to radiological terrorists events, and the clean-up of contaminated environments are possible. Capabilities include alpha spectroscopy, portable and laboratory gamma and X-ray spectroscopy with HPGe and NaI, integrative and temporal radon and radon progeny measurement, and thermoluminescent dosimetry. NERS 585 Laboratory Development K. J. Kearfott, PI U-M NERS and College of Engineering $150,000 A new laboratory is being developed for applied radiation measurements, featuring practical laboratory exercises of relevance to radiation safety, environmental sciences, and medical physics. The laboratory will also feature a combination of physical measurements with computational simulations.

82

Fiscal Year 2008 Research Expenditures (July 1, 2007 June 30, 2008)

83

84

85

86

87

88

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

FY  2003 FY  2004 FY  2005 FY  2006 FY  2007 FY  2008

Research  Expenditures  History

89

Publications

(January 1, 2007 December 31, 2007)

FISSION SYSTEMS AND

RADIATION TRANSPORT Journal Articles *T. L. Becker, * -Deterministic

Nuclear Science and Engineering, 155, 155 (2007).

-Dependent Simplified Pn Journal of Computational

Physics, 226, 2289 (2007).

Nuclear Science Engineering, 156, 68 (2007). E. W. Larsen and *

SIAM Journal of Applied Math, 68, 43 (2007). *L. Lian -Realistic Lung Model for Monte Carlo- Medical Physics, 34, 1013 (2007). *Complexity Through the Use of Beam ModulaMedical Physics, 34, 507 (2007). * -Linear Implicit Riemann Solver for the Time- Nuclear Science and Engineering, 155, 290-299 (2007). (Invited) *Publication of work done as a current or former student in the Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences at the University of Michigan

90

Conference Papers and Presentations

*B. Alpay and J. P. Holloway, Proceedings of the Joint International Topical Meeting on Mathematics and Computation and Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications, Monterey, CA, April 15 19, 2007, on CD ROM, The American Nuclear Society (2007). *

Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, 97, 96 (2007).

d Multiple Time-Scale AnalysisMathematics and Computation and Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications, Monterey, CA, April 15 19, 2007, on CD ROM, The American Nuclear Society (2007). J. P. Hol Proceedings of the ASEE Annual Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, June 2007.

-Proceedings of the Joint International Topical Meeting on Mathematics and

Computation and Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications, Monterey, CA, April 15 19, 2007, on CD ROM, The American Nuclear Society (2007). E. W. Larsen and * n Errors in 3- Proceedings of the Joint International Topical Meeting on Mathematics and Computation and Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications, Monterey, CA, April 15 19, 2007, on CD ROM, The American Nuclear Society (2007).

-D Proceedings of the Joint International Topical

Meeting on Mathematics and Computation and Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications, Monterey, CA, April 15 19, 2007, on CD ROM, The American Nuclear Society (2007). * -

Proceedings of the XVth International Conference on the Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, June 4-7, 2007, edited by J-P. Bissonnette, Novel Digital Publishing (2007). * 1 Benchmark for Time Dependent

Proceedings of the Joint International Topical Meeting on

91

Mathematics and Computation and Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications, Monterey, CA, April 15 19, 2007, on CD ROM, The American Nuclear Society (2007). *

Proceedings of the Joint International Topical Meeting on Mathematics and Computation and Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications, Monterey, CA, April 15 19, 2007, on CD ROM, The American Nuclear Society (2007). *G. Yesilyurt, *W. Ji, * -Thermal- Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, 96, 580 (2007).

92

MATERIALS Books/Chapters in Books

-Enhanced Diffusion and Radiation-Induced Radiation Effects in Solids, NATO Science Series II: Mathematics,

Physics and Chemistry, edited by K. E. Sickafus, E. A. Kotomin, and B. P. Uberuaga, Springer, Berlin, 235, 123-152 (2007).

Radiation Effects in Solids, NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, edited by K. E. Sickafus, E. A. Kotomin, and B. P. Uberuaga, Springer, Berlin, 235, 421-448 (2007).

Radiation Effects in Solids, NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, edited by K. E. Sickafus, E. A. Kotomin, and B. P. Uberuaga, Springer, Berlin, 235, 65-98 (2007). Journal Articles

-Induced Segregation in Model Nickel- Journal of Nuclear Materials, 361, 2-3, 174-183 (2007). * -Martensitic Alloys T91, HCM12A and HT- Journal of Nuclear Materials, 371, 1-17 (2007). *G. Gupta, *P. Ampornrat, X. Ren, K. Sridharan, T. R. Allen, and G. S. WGrain Boundary Engineering on the SCC Behavior of F-M Alloy HT- Journal of Nuclear Materials, 361, 2-3, 160-173 (2007). Y. Guo, H. S. Cho, D. Shi, *J. Lian, Y. Song, J. Abot, B. Poudel, Z. F. Ren, L. M. Wang, and R. C. Ewing, Applied Physics Letters, 91, 261903, 1-3 (2007).

and Vibrational Dynamics of Isotopically Labeled Lithium Borohydride Using Neutron Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 180, 1298-1305 (2007).

-Irradiated

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 361, 2-3, 218-227 (2007).

93

Z. Jiao, * e-implanted and Proton-irradiated T91 Ferritic- Journal of Nuclear Materials, 367-370, 440-445 (2007). N. Li, H. Y. Xiao, X. T. Zu, L. M. Wang, R. C. Ewing, * -Principles Study of Electronic Properties of La2Hf2O7

and Gd2Hf2O7 Journal of Applied Physics, 102, 063704, 1-6 (2007). *J. Lian, S. V. Yudintsev, S. V. Stefanovsky, L. M. Wang, Ion Beam Irradiation of U-, Th- and Ce- Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 444, 429-433 (2007). *of Lanthanum and Thorium- Journal of Nuclear Materials, 362, 438-444 (2007). Y. Z. Liu, X. T. Zu, C. Li, S. Y. Qiu, X. Q. Huang, and LCharacteristics and Corrosion Behavior of Ti-Al-Corrosion Sciences, 49, 1069-1080 (2007). A. Motta, A. Yilmazbayhan, M. Gomes da Silva, R. J. Comstock, G. S. Was, J. T. Busby, *E. Gartner, Q. Peng,

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 371, 61-75 (2007). Q. Peng, *E. Gartner, J. T. Busby, A. T. Motta, and G. S. Was ior of Model Zirconium Alloys in Deaerated Supercritical Water at 500 Corrosion, 63, 6, 577-590 (2007).

Corrosion, 63, 11, 1033-1041 (2007). D. Shi, Y. Guo, Z. Dong, * -Dot-Activated Luminescent Carbon Nanotubes via a Nano Scale Surface Fictionalization for

Advanced Materials, 19, 4033-4037 (2007). S. Teysseyre, Z. Jiao, *

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 371, 1-3, 107-117 (2007).

Corrosion Journal of Nuclear Materials,

371, 1-3, 98-106 (2007).

94

to Fusion Reactor Systems, Journal of Nuclear Materials, 367-370, 11-20 (2007). G. S. Was, *P. Ampornrat, *G. Gupta, S. Teysseyre, *E. A. West, T. R. Allen, K. Sridharan, L. Tan, Y. Chen, X. Ren, and C. Pister, Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking in Supercritical Water Journal of Nuclear Materials, 371, 76-201 (2007).

Corrosion, 63, 1, 19-45 (2007). H. Wu, M. R. Hartman, T. J. Udovic, J. J. Rush, W. Zhou, R. C. Bowman, Jr., and J. J.

4Tt2 Acta Crystallographica, B63, 63-68 (2007). H. Wu, W. Zhou, T. J. Udovic, J. J. Rush, T. Yildirim, M. R. Hartman, R. C. Bowman, Jr.,

on Vibrational Spectroscopy and First-Principles Calculations of the Ternary Hydrides Li4Si2H(D) and Li4 Ge2H(D): Electronic Structure and Lattice

Physical Review B, 76, 22, 224301 (2007). H. Xiao, L. M. Wang, X. T. Zu, *J. Lian, and R. C. Ewi

Journal of Physics-Condensed Matter, 19, 34, 346203 (2007). F. X. Zhang, *J. Lian, U. Becker, R. C. Ewing, L. M. Wang, J. Z. Hu, and S. K. Saxena,

2Ti2O7 Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 180, 571-576 (2007). F. X. Zhang, *J. Lian, U. Becker, L. M. Wang, J. Z. Hu, S. Saxena, and R. C. Ewing,

ons in Sm2Zr2O7 Pyrochlore at High Chemical Physics Letters, 441, 216-220 (2007).

*Strontium in Yttria- Applied Physics Letters, 90, 171915, 1-3 (2007).

Journal of Alloy and Compounds, 428, 25-28 (2007).

95

Conference Papers and Presentations T. R. Allen and G.

Conference and Expo, 07RTS9, Houston, TX, September 2007.

Al-Materials Research Society, Boston, December 2007.

-Temperature Anelastic Deformation in an Al-International Symposium on Metastable and Nanomaterials, Corfu, Greece, August 2007.

on Fundamental Issues in Metallic Glasses, Kunming and Guilin, China, October 22-26, 2007.

lic Glasses: Science and Technology (BMG2007), Indian Institute of Science, January 12-16, 2007. *Induced Segregation and SCC Susceptibility ional Conference of Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors, edited by T. R. Allen, J. T. Busby, and P. J. King, Canadian Nuclear Society, Whistler, B.C., Canada, August 19-23, 2007.

e of Localized Deformation on IASCC of Proton-Proceedings of the 13th International Conference

of Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors, edited by T. R. Allen, J. T. Busby, and P. J. King, Canadian Nuclear Society, Whistler, B.C., Canada, August 19-23, 2007.

Localization and Iodine-Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking in Proton Irradiated Zircaloy Proceedings of the 13th International Conference of Environmental Degradation of

Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors, edited by T. R. Allen, J. T. Busby, and P. J. King, Canadian Nuclear Society, Whistler, B.C., Canada, August 19-23, 2007.

Workshop, NEA, Karlsruhe, Germany, June 2007.

96

osion Cracking of Neutron Irradiated Steel in Proceedings of the 13th International Conference of Environmental

Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors, edited by T. R. Allen, J. T. Busby, and P. J. King, Canadian Nuclear Society, Whistler, B.C., Canada, August 19-23 , 2007.

-Cr-Fe Alloys During Proceedings of the 13th International Conference of

Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors, edited by T. R. Allen, J. T. Busby, and P. J. King, Canadian Nuclear Society, Whistler, B.C., Canada, August 19-23, 2007.

anding the Proceedings of the International Symposium on Research for

Aging Management of Light Water Reactors, Institute for Nuclear Safety Systems, Inc., 8-1 to 8-23, Fukui, Japan, October 2007.

Formation of GaAs Nanocones by Focused Ion Proceedings Microscopy and Microanalysis 2007, Cambridge University Press,

Microscopy and Microanalysis 13, 12, 602-603, Fort Lauderdale, FL, August 5-9, 2007. *E. A. West, S. Teysseyre, Z. Jiao, and G. S. WasMicrostructure on the Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of Austenitic Alloys in

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference of Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors, edited by T. R. Allen, J. T. Busby, and P. J. King, Canadian Nuclear Society, Whistler, B.C., Canada, August 19-23, 2007.

97

PLASMAS AND FUSION Journal Articles B. Dromey, S. Kar, C. Bellei, D. C. Carroll, R. J. Clarke, J. S. Green, S. Kneip, K. Markey, W. Murphy, S. R. Nagel, P. T. Simpson, L. Willingale, P. McKenna, D. Neely, Z.

-keV Physical Review Letters ,

99, 085001 (2007).

Journal of Propulsion and Power, 23, 4, 828, July-August, 2007. J. S. Green, K. L. Lancaster, K. U. Akli, C. D. Gregory, F. N. Beg, S. N. Chen, D. Clark, R. R. Freeman, S. Hawkes, C. Hernandez-Gomez, H. Habara, R. Heathcote, D. S. Hey, K. Highbarger, M. H. Key, R. Kodama, K. Krushelnick, I. Musgrave, H. Nakamura, M. Nakatsutsumi, N. Patel, R. Stephens, M. Storm, M. Tampo, W. Theobald, L. Van

Wire Plasmas Using Laser- Nature Physics, 3, 853 (2007). *Y. Hidaka, J. E. Foster, W. D. Getty, R. M. Gilgenbach, and Y. Y. Lau

Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A, 25, 4, July/August, 2007. S. M. Hooker, E. Brunetti, E. Esarey, J. G. Gallacher, C. G. R. Geddes, A. J. Gonsalves, D. A. Jaroszynski, C. Kamperides, S. Kneip, K. Krushelnick, W. P. Leemans, S. P. D. Mangles, C. D. Murphy, B. Nagler, Z. Najmudin, K. Nakamura, P. A. Norreys, D. Panasenko, T. P. Rowlands-Rees, C. B. Schroeder, C. S. Toth, and R.

Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 49, B403 (2007). *N. M. Jordan, Y. Y. Lau, *D. M. French, R. M. Gilgenbach, and *P. Pengvanich,

Journal of Applied Physics, 102, 033301 (2007).

Vacuum Multipactor to RF Plasma, IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 14, 766 (2007). (Invited)

e Acceleration Using Intense Laser- Laser Physics Letters, 4, 847 (2007).

98

K. L. Lancaster, J. S. Green, D. S. Hey, K. U. Akli, J. R. Davies, R. J. Clarke, R. R. Freeman, H. Habara, M. H. Key, R. Kodama, K. Krushelnick, C. D. Murphy, M. Nakatsutsumi, P. Simpson, R. Snavely, R. Stephens, C. Stoeckl, T. Yabuuchi, M. Zepf,

-Plasma Interactions at Intensities of 5 x 1020 W/cm2 Physical Review Letters, 98, 125002 (2007).

Crossed- Physical Review Letters, 98, 015002 (2007). S. P. D. Mangles, A. G. R. Thomas, O. Lundh, F. Lindau, M. C. Kaluza, A. Persson, C-G. Wahl

Physics of Plasmas, 14, 056702 (2007).

-Edge Field Applied Physics Letters, 91, 074105 (2007).

*W. Tang, *T. S. Strickler, Y. Y. Lau, R. M. Gilgenbach, *J. Zier, *M. R. Gomez, E. Yu,

Azimuthal Clumping Instabilities in a Z- Physics of Plasmas, 14, 012706 (2007). A. G. R. Thomas, C. D. Murphy, S. P. D. Mangles, Z. Najmudin, A. E. Dangor, M.

-Breaking Radiation from a Laser-Physical Review Letters, 98, 054802 (2007).

A. G. R. Thomas, C. D. Murphy, S. P. D. Mangles, Z. Najmudin, A. E. Dangor, W.

Conditions on Propagation and Monoenergetic Electron Beam Production in Laser Physical Review Letters, 98, 054802 (2007).

L. Willingale, S. P. D. Mangles, P. M. Nilson, R. J. Clarke, A. E. Dangor, M. C. Kaluza, S. Karsch, K. L. Lancaster, W. B. Mori, Z. Najmudin, J. Schreiber, A. G. R. Thomas, M.

-MeV Ion Beams from High-- Physical

Review Letters, 98, 049504 (2007). M. Zepf, B. Dromey, S. Kar, C. Bellei, D. C. Carroll, R. J. Clarke, J. S. Green, S. Kneip, K. Markey, S. R. Nagel, P. T. Simpson, L. Willingale, P. McKennna, D. Neely, Z.

Oscillating Plasma Surfaces a High Brightness Attosecond Source at keV Photon Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 49, B149 (2007).

99

Conference Papers and Presentations C. Bellei, S. Nagel, L. Willingale, S. Kneip, S. P. D. Mangles, A. E. Dangor, Z. Najmudin, K. Krushelnick, S. Kar, B. Dromey K. Markey, P. Simpson M. Zepf R. J. Clark J. Green, D. Neely

Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 49th Annual Meeting of the American Physical Society Division of Plasma Physics, Orlando, FL, November 12 16, 2007. (Abstract) S. Bulanov,V. Chvykov, A. Brantov, V. Bychenkov, G. Kalinchenko, T. Matsuoka, P. Rousseau, S. Reed, V. Yanovsky, D. Litzenberg, K. Krushelnick, and A. Maksimchuk,

-layer Foils by Flat-top Laser Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 49th Annual Meeting of the American

Physical Society Division of Plasma Physics, Orlando, FL, November 12 16, 2007. (Abstract)

Proceedings of the 43rd AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference, Paper 2007-5294, Cincinnati, July 8-11, 2007. *M. R. Gomez, *J. C. Zier, R. M. Gilgenbach, Y. Y. Lau, *W. Tang, M. G. Mazarakis,

-pinch Proceedings of the IEEE Pulsed Power and Plasma Science Conference,

Albuquerque, NM, June 2007. S. M. Hooker, E. Brunetti, E. Esarey, J. G. Gallacher, C. G. R. Geddes, A. J. Gonsalves, D. A. Jaroszynski, C. Kamperides, S. Kneip, K. Krushelnick, W. P. Leemans, S. P. D. Mangles, C. D. Murphy, B. Nagler, Z. Najmudin, K. Nakamura, P. A. Norreys, D. Panasenko, T. P. Rowlands-Rees,

34th European-Physical-Society Conference on Plasma Physics, B149 - B162, Palace of Culture and Science, Warsaw, Poland, July 02-06, 2007. T. Kammash and *R. Tang, -Driven Fusion Propulsion System for OTV

43rd Joint Propulsion Conference, Paper 2007-5610, Cincinnati, OH, July 8-11, 2007. T. Kammash and * - 43rd Joint Propulsion Conference, Paper 2007-5609, Cincinnati, OH, July 8-11, 2007. T. Kammash, *

43rd Joint Propulsion Conference, Paper 2007-5612, Cincinnati, OH, July 8-11, 2007.

100

C. Kamperidis, S. P. D. Mangles, S. Kneip, K. Krushelnick, Z. Najmudin, T. P. Rowlands-Rees, A. J. Gonzalves, S. M. Hooker, E. Brunetti, J. Gallacher, D.A. Jaroszynksi, C. D. M. Murphy, P. A. NorreysGuiding and Non-Guiding Structures, Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 49th Annual Meeting of the American Physical Society Division of Plasma Physics, Orlando, FL, November 12 16, 2007. (Abstract) T. Matsuoka, S. Reed, S. Bulanov, V. Chvykov, A. Brantov, V. Bychenkov, G. Kalinchenko, *C. McGuffey, P. Rousseau, V. Yanovsky, D. Litzenberg, K. Krushelnick,

Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 49th Annual Meeting of the American Physical Society Division of Plasma Physics, Orlando, FL, November 12 16, 2007. (Abstract) *C. McGuffey, T. Matsuoka, M. Levin, S. Bulanov, V. Chvykov, G. Kalinchenko, S. Reed, P. Rousseau, V. Yanovsky, A. Zigler, K. Krushelnick, Novel Source of Injection Electrons for a Capillary Waveguide Accelerator, Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 49th Annual Meeting of the American Physical Society Division of Plasma Physics, Orlando, FL, November 12 16, 2007. (Abstract) C. Murphy, E. Chowdhury, J. Morrison, L. Van Woerkom, K. Krushelnick, and R.

-Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 49th Annual Meeting of the American Physical Society Division of Plasma Physics, Orlando, FL, November 12 16, 2007. (Abstract) S. A. Reed, T. Matsuoka, S. S. Bulanov, V. Chvykov, A. Brantov, V. Bychenkov, G. Kalinchenko, *C. McGuffey, P. Rousseau, V. Yanovsky, D. Litzenberg, K. Krushelnick, and A. Maksimchuk,

Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 49th Annual Meeting of the American Physical Society Division of Plasma Physics, Orlando, FL, November 12 16, 2007. (Abstract) M. Tampo, R. Kodama, K. Higashi, K. Endo, K. A. Tanaka ,T. Matsuoka, V. Yanovsky, M. Maksimchuk, G. Kalintchenko, K. Krushelnick, R. Tezuka, H. Yokogawa, R.

Acceleration in Ultra-intense Laser Interaction with Super-low Density Targets, Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 49th Annual Meeting of the American Physical Society Division of Plasma Physics, Orlando, FL, November 12 16, 2007. (Abstract) R. Trines, C. Murphy, R. Bingham, K. Lancaster, O. Chekhlov, P. Norreys, J. T. Mendonca, L. Silva, S. P. D. Mangles, C. Kamperidis, A. G. R. Thomas, K. Krushelnick,

101

Excitat Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 49th Annual Meeting of the American Physical Society Division of Plasma Physics, Orlando, FL, November 12 16, 2007. (Abstract) M. Zepf, B. Dromey, S. Kar, C. Bellei, D. C. Carroll, R. J. Clarke, J. S. Green, S. Kneip, K. Markey, S. R. Nagel, P. T. Simpson, L. Willingale, P. McKennna, D. Neely, Z.

Oscillating Plasma Surfaces - a High Brightness Attosecond Source at keV Photon 34th European-Physical-Society Conference on Plasma Physics, B149 -

B162, Palace of Culture and Science, Warsaw, Poland, July 02-06, 2007. Patents

ber 7305935, December 11, 2007.

102

RADIATION MEASUREMENTS AND IMAGING

Journal Articles M. D. Hammig and D. K. Weh

IEEE Sensors Journal, 7, 3, 352-360, March 2007. M. D. Hammig and D. -Sensitive Position-Controller for MEMS-Based

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 579, 1, 113-116, August 2007. M. D. Hammig and D. K. Wehe, Position Sensing with Non-uniform Electrode Designs on High-Resistivity Silicon, IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, 2, 4179220, 1229-1233 (2007). * -sharing in an HPGe Double-sided

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 579, 1, 99-103 (2007). *S. D. Kiff, Z. He, and G. Tepper, Improving Spectroscopic Performance of a Coplanar-anode High-pressure Xenon Gamma-ray Spectrometer, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 54, 4, 1263-1270, August 2007. * Hybrid Gamma Ray Imaging-Model and Results Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 579, 1, 200-204 (2007). D. K. Wehe Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 579, 1, vii-viii (2007). *D. Xu and Gamma-ray Energy-imaging Integrated Spectral DeconvolutionNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 574, 98-109 (2007). F. Zhang, Z. He, and C. E. Seifert, A Prototype Three-Dimensional Position Sensitive CdZnTe Detector Array, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 54, 4, 843-848, August 2007.

103

Conference Papers and Presentations *S. E. Anderson, B. Dönmez, and Z. He, -Pixel Position Resolution in Pixelated

IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007. *S. E. Anderson, *M. L. Rodrigues, and Z. He,

IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007. B. Dönmez, J. Kim, and Z. He, IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007. G. De Geronimo, E. Vernon, K. Ackley, A. Dragone, J. Fried, P. . He, *C. Herman, and F. Zhang, IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007. Z. He and F. Volume 3D CZT Gamma-ray Imaging S SPIE Conference, San Diego, California, August 26 - 30, 2007. Z. He, F. Zhang, *Y. Zhu, *W. Kaye, *C. Herman, L. Bastian, L. van den Berg, and K. Pohl, -D Position Sensitive HgI2 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007. Z. He, F. Zhang, *Y. Zhu, and *S. Nowicki, -D CdZnTe Detector

IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007. K. Hitomi, T. Onodera, T. Shoji, and Z. He, TlBr Gamma-Ray Spectrometers Using the Depth Sensitive Single Pola IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007. *M. Jeong, D. A. Lawlor, and M. Position Resolution in Semiconductor Detectors, 2007 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record, 1456-1462, November 2007. *W. R. Kaye, *N. D. Bennett, *C. G. Wahl, Z. He, and *W. Wang, -Ray Source

IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007.

104

*S. -Site Interactions on the Energy Resolution of a High-Pressure Xenon Gamma- IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007. J. Kim, B. Dönmez, K. Nelson, and Z. He, -Dimensional Signal Correction on

IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007. F. Zhang and Z. He, -D Position Sensitive CdZnTe

IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007. F. Zhang, Z. He, and *W. Kaye, Calibration Strategy for 3-D Position Sensitive CdZnTe Spectrometer Arrays, IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007. F. Zhang, Z. He, and C. E. Seifert, haracterization of the First 3-D Position Sensitive

IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007. W. Wang, *C. G. Wahl, and Z. He, Deconvolution in Spatial and Combined Spatial-Energy Domains for a Detector Array

IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007. *Y. Zhu, *W. Kaye, Z. He, and F. Zhang, and Characteristics of 3D HgI2

IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27 November 3, 2007.

105

RADIATION SAFETY, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, AND MEDICAL PHYSICS

Journal Articles *Z. S. Beauvaiz and K. J. Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials Using Residual Radioactivity (RESRAD)

Health Physics Journal, 93, 1, S82 (2007). *D. E. Cooper, *J. A. Harvey, *A. L. Lehnert, and K. J. Charcoal Canister-Health Physics Journal, 93, 1, S103 (2007). *B. J. Hammargren and K. J. The Health Physics Journal, 93, 1, S58 (2007). *J. A. Harvey, *E. M Thomas, *N. P. Haverland, *B. J. Hammargren, and K. J. Kearfott,

inearity for Glow Health Physics Journal,

93, 1, S59 (2007). *J. A. Harvey, *E. M. Thomas, *N. P. Haverland, and K. J. the Accuracy and Precision of Thermolumines Health Physics Journal, 93, 1, S58 (2007). *N. P. Haverland, *J. A. Harvey, and K. J.

Health Physics Journal, 93, 1, S59 (2007). *J. N. Laird, *Z. S. Beauvaiz, *Z. D. Whetstone, and K. J. Occurring Radioactive Materials and Indoor Radon Gas Concentrations with Population

Health Physics Journal, 93, 1, S82-S83 (2007). *A. L. Lehnert, *Z. D. Whetstone, *T. Zak, and K. J.

Health Physics Journal, 93, 1, S90 (2007). *L.-C. Peng, C.-C. J. Yang, S. Sim, M. Weiss, and A. F. BielajewMegavoltage Cone-beam and Orthogonal- Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 8, 1, 1-11 (2007).

106

*Construction of a 137Cs Irradiation Facilit Health Physics Journal, Operational Radiation Safety, 92, 5, 2, S78-S86 (2007). *M. T. Studenski and K. J. Health Physics Journal, Operational Radiation Safety, 92, 2, 1, S37-S44 (2007). *N. Tyagi, J. M. Moran, D. W. Litzenberg, A. F. Bielajew, B. A. Fraass, and I. J. Chetty,

-based MLC Simulation Model for IMRT Medical Physics, 34, 651-663 (2007).

*Z. D. Whetstone, *A. L. Lehnert, T. Zak, and K. J.

Health Physics Journal, 93, 1, S2 (2007). Conference Papers and Presentations *Z. S. Beauvaiz and ose Equivalent due to Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials Using Residual Radioactivity (RESRAD)

Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP) 2007 Symposium Proceedings, 63, April 2007. *J. Laird and K. J. y Occurring Radioactive Materials and Indoor Radon Gas Concentrations with Population and Land Type in Several North

Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP) 2007 Symposium Proceedings, 63-64, April 2007. *A. L. Lehnert, *Z. D. Whetstone, *

2007 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, N24-28, IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Honolulu, Hawaii, October 27-November 3, 2007. H. C. Ro and K. J. In Situ Measurements of Environmental Radiation Doses on Ships and Around Abandoned Above Ground Uranium Mines Using Traditional

Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP) 2007 Symposium Proceedings, 64, April 2007. *E. Thomas and K. J.

Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP) 2007 Symposium Proceedings, 64, April 2007. *Z. D. Whetstone, *A. L. Lehnert, *

Council on Ionizing Radiation and Measurements and Standards 16th Annual Meeting, 16-18, Gaithersburg, MD, October 22-24, 2007

107

Service (January 1, 2007 December 31, 2007) Service to the College of Engineering Member, Engineering Faculty Library Advisory Committee Bielajew Associate Dean, Undergraduate Education Holloway Member, Diversity and Outreach Council Holloway Administrative Coordinator, Engineering 101 Holloway Member, Committee to work on CoE Midterm course evaluation system Holloway Member, Diversity and Outreach Council Kearfott Member (Alternate), Senate Assembly Kearfott Member, Curriculum Committee Kearfott Member, Marian Sarah Parker Award Committee Kearfott Member, Honors and Awards Committee Krushelnick Member, Curriculum Committee Larsen Member, Scholastic Standing Committee Lau Representative, Faculty Recruitment Lau Member, Nominating Committee Lee Member, CSE Chair Search Committee Martin Member, International Program Committee Wang Member, New Research Initiative Committee Wang Member, Rules Committee of SACUA Wang Member, Nominating Committee Wehe Member, AVR Faculty Search Committee Wehe Member, McIvor Award Committee Wehe Service to the University Advocate, AGEP (Alliances for Graduate Education in the Professoriate) Foster Panel member, AGEP Spring Conference on Post Doctoral Experience Foster Panelist, Michigan GEM Grad Lab Foster

Holloway Holloway

Organizer, Rackham Graduate School workshop on How to Get Started in Research Holloway Faculty advisor, UMEC Holloway Member, Radiation Policy Committee Kearfott Member, Radioactive Drug Research Committee (RDRC) subcommittee on Human Use of Radioisotopes (SHUR), Dosimetrist Kearfott Member, Rackham College Divisional Review Board in Physical Sciences and Engineering Kearfott

108

Member, Senate Advisory Committee on University Affairs (SACUA) Grievance Procedures Task Force Kearfott Member, Rackham Pre-Doctoral Fellowship Committee Krushelnick Member, Executive Committee, Center for Ultrafast Optical Science (CUOS) Krushelnick Member, Faculty Search Committee, Center for Ultrafast Optical Science (CUOS) Krushelnick Member, NSF PSC-FOCUS Council Krushelnick Member, FOCUS Director Search Committee Krushelnick Associate Director for High Field Science at CUOS Krushelnick Member, U-M North Campus Planning Committee Martin Chair, Rackham Grievance Board Martin Member, Faculty Budget Advisory Committee Martin Director, Electron Microbeam Analysis Laboratory (EMAL) Wang Member, MMPEI Executive Committee Was Service to the Nation Member, NASA Astronomy and Physics Research and Analysis Proposal Review He Member, National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP) Scientific Committee, Uncertainties in the Dosimetry of Internal Radiation Doses Kearfott Leader, Working Group for OMEGA EP upgrade project at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics (DOE) at the University of Rochester Krushelnick Member, DOE Computational Sciences Fellowship review panel Larsen Member, International Advisory Committee, Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Lee Member, Review Panel for the INCITE 2008 awards, DOE Office of Science Lee Member, ASCI Predictive Science Panel (DOE) Martin Chair, Communications Committee, Institute of Nuclear Materials Management Pozzi Member, Students Activities Committee, Institute of Nuclear Materials Management Pozzi Head, Student Activities Committee, Central Chapter, Institute of Nuclear Materials Management Pozzi Member-at-Large, Central Chapter, Institute of Nuclear Materials Management Pozzi Member, DOE Interagency Forensics Panel for Nonproliferation and Arms Control Wehe Member, DOE NNSA Science Advisory Panel Wehe Service to the Profession Member, Steering Committee, International Symposium on Metastable, Mechanically Alloyed and Nanocrystalline Materials Atzmon Member, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Committee, TMS Atzmon

109

Session chair, AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference on Helicon Plasmas Foster Member, AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference Best Paper Selection Committee Foster Chair, IEEE Plasma Science and Applications Technical Committee Gilgenbach Member, IEEE AdCom of NPSS Gilgenbach Member, APS Fellow Committee, APS Division of Plasma Physics Gilgenbach President, Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Division, ASEE Holloway Member, American Nuclear Society Graduate Scholarship Selection Committee Holloway Member, Radiation Instrumentation Steering Committee of the IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society He Member, program committee of SPIE International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation (Hard X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detector Physics, Optics, and Applications) He Advisor, Health Physics Society Student Branch Kearfott Member, Health Physics Society Decommissioning Section Executive Board Kearfott Member, Great Lakes Health Physics Society Chapter Executive Council Kearfott Member, Academic Education Committee, Health Physics Society Kearfott Member, Planning Committee, American Nuclear Society Kearfott Member, Executive Committee, Michigan Local Section of American Nuclear Society Kearfott Session Leader, Advanced Accelerators Workshop Program Committee Krushelnick Member, Program sub-committee for CLEO/QELS Conference 2007 Krushelnick Member, Technical Review Committee for the Mathematics & Computation Division of the American Nuclear Society Larsen Member, APS-DPP Program Committee Lau Member, IEEE-IVEC Program Committee Lau Member, Executive Committee, Michigan Section of American Nuclear Society Martin Chair, Mathematics and Computation Division, ANS Martin Chair, External Advisory Board, Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Nuclear Engineering, Rennselaer Polytechnic University Martin Chair, Review Panel, Nuclear Engineering Capability, Los Alamos National Laboratory Martin Member, Review Committee, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Texas A&M Martin Chair, Board of Visitors, University of Texas Institute for Computational Engineering and Science Martin Member, Review Panel, Nuclear Science and Technology Directorate, Idaho National Laboratory Martin Chair, Honors and Awards Committee of the Radiation Instrumentation Steering Committee, IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society Pozzi Member, Executive Committee of Ameri and Computation Division Pozzi Member, Radiation Instrumentation Steering Committee of IEEE

110

Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society Pozzi Co-Chair for Corrosion Symposium at NACE Annual Conference Teysseyre Co-Chair for Supercritial Water Reactor Session at 13th International Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Teysseyre Member, Board of Directors, Engineering Research Council, American Society for Engineering Education Was Member, Executive Committee, Accelerator Applications Division, American Nuclear Society Was Member, TMS Nuclear Materials Committee and TMS Corrosion and Environmental Effects Committee Was Member, Special Programs Committee, MRS Was Member, AFCI/GenIV Materials Working Group, LANL Was Member, Organizing Committee, International Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Light Water Reactors Was Organizer, Particle Beam Symposium at TMS Annual meeting Was Organizer, TMS Symposium on Microstructural Processes in Irradiated Materials Was Reviewer of proposal and participant in site visit, Natural Sciences and Was Member, Conference Organizing Committee, XII Radiation Measurements and Applications Conference (U-CA Berkeley) Wehe Member, IEEE Radiation Instrumentation Steering Committee Wehe Editorial Services Associate Editor, Physics of Plasmas Gilgenbach Associate Editor, Transport Theory and Statistical Physics Holloway Associate Editor (Operational Topics), Health Physics Kearfott International Advisory Board Member, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion Krushelnick Editorial Board Member, Transport Theory and Statistical Physics Larsen Associate Editor, Journal of Computational Physics Martin Advisory Editor, Nuclear Science and Engineering Martin Member, Editorial Board, Transport Theory and Statistical Physics Martin Editor, INMM Communicator, online newsletter of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management Pozzi Member, Editorial Board, Journal of Nuclear Materials Was Member, Editorial Board, Metallurgical Transactions A. Was Editor, Nuclear Instruments in Physics Research Wehe Editor, Nuclear Energy and Technology (honorary position) Wehe

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Personnel (September 1, 2007 to August 31, 2008)

FACULTY

Michael Atzmon Professor Also Professor, Materials Science and Engineering PhD (Applied Physics) California Institute of Technology, 1985 Thermodynamics of materials, diffusion of solids, amorphous metal alloys, ion beam modification of materials

Alex F. Bielajew Professor PhD (Theoretical Physics) Stanford University, 1982 Theory of electron and photon transport, Monte Carlo theory and development, radiation dosimetry theory, radiotherapy treatment planning algorithms James J. Duderstadt President Emeritus, University of Michigan University Professor of Science and Engineering Director, The Millennium Project PhD (Engineering Science and Physics) California Institute of Technology, 1967 Nuclear systems, computer simulation, science policy, higher education Rodney C. Ewing Professor Also Professor, Materials Science and Engineering and Professor, Geological Sciences PhD (Mineralogy/Geology) Stanford University, 1974 Nuclear waste management, radiation effects in glasses Marek Flaska Assistant Research Scientist PhD (Nuclear Engineering) Delft University of Technology, 2006 (The Netherlands) The development of new methods for accurate identification and characterization of special nuclear material and radioactive sources for applications in nuclear nonproliferation, nuclear safeguards and homeland security; Monte Carlo simulations and experiments and analyses with organic scintillators and capture-gated detectors

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Ronald F. Fleming Professor PhD (Nuclear Engineering) University of Michigan, 1975 Neutron activation analysis, materials analysis using nuclear techniques, radiation measurements John E. Foster Associate Professor PhD (Applied Physics) University of Michigan, 1996 Low-temperature plasma physics including applications in the areas of space propulsion plasmas, environmental plasmas, space and atmospheric plasma phenomena, energy conversion plasmas, and processing plasmas Ronald M. Gilgenbach Professor Also Professor, Applied Physics Program Director, Intense Energy Beam Interaction Laboratory PhD (Electrical Engineering) Columbia University, 1978 Plasmas, fusion, lasers, electron beams, interaction of intense laser and particle beams with plasmas and materials Mark Hammig Assistant Research Scientist PhD (Radiation Measurements) University of Michigan, 2004 Development of miniature sensors that use mechanical rather than electrical signals to detect ionizing radiation Michael Hartman Assistant Professor PhD (Nuclear Engineering) University of Michigan. 2005 Application of radiation probes to the study of materials. Design and analysis of advanced reactor concepts

Zhong He Professor PhD (Physics) University of Southampton, United Kingdom, 1993 Room-temperature semiconductor and scintillation detectors for x-ray imaging and spectroscopy

113

James Paul Holloway Associate Dean for Undergraduate Education Arthur F. Thurnau Professor of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences PhD (Engineering Physics) University of Virginia, 1989 Kinetic theory (plasmas, radiation), inverse problems Zhijie Jiao Assistant Research Scientist PhD (Materials Science) Polytechnic University, New York, 2004 Irradiation effects and environmental degradation of cladding and structural materials for reactor systems Kimberlee J. Kearfott, CHP Professor Also Professor, Biomedical Engineering ScD (Nuclear Engineering) Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1980 Radiation detectors, dosimetry, radiation protection policy, dose assessments, digital mammography, image reconstruction and analysis for nuclear medicine images Karl M. Krushelnick Professor Associate Director, Center for Ultrafast Optical Science Also Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Professor of Physics, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts PhD (Physics) Princeton University, 1994 Plasma physics, ultra-high intensity laser system development, inertial confinement fusion, compact laser-based particle accelerators and applications

Edward W. Larsen Professor PhD (Mathematics) Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1971 Analytic and numerical methods for nuclear reactor theory, neutron transport, non-linear radiative transfer, electron and photon transport

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Yue-Ying Lau Professor Also Professor, Applied Physics Program PhD (Electrical Engineering) Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1973 Plasma physics, physics of charged particle beams, radiation sources, vacuum microelectronics

John C. Lee Professor

PhD (Nuclear Engineering) University of California, Berkeley, 1969 Nuclear reactor physics, reactor safety analysis, dynamics and control of nuclear power plants, nuclear fuel cycle William R. Martin Professor and Chair PhD (Nuclear Engineering) University of Michigan, 1976 Computational methods development for the solution of the Boltzman transport equation, including utilization of advanced computer architectures Sara A. Pozzi Associate Professor PhD (Nuclear Engineering) Polytechnic of Milan, 2001 Nuclear materials measurements for nuclear nonproliferation, nuclear material control accountability and national security. Monte Carlo code development for neutron and photon transport Volkan Seker Assistant Research Scientist PhD (Nuclear Engineering) Purdue University, 2007 High temperature gas cooled reactor physics and thermo-fluids, computer code development in nuclear reactor analysis, and parallel and high performance computing Sebastien Teysseyre Assistant Research Scientist PhD Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines de Saint Etienne, France, 2001 Expertise in corrosion stress corrosion cracking and irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking. In high temperature, aqueous environments including supercritical water

115

Alexander Thomas Assistant Professor Also Assistant Professor, Center for Ultrafast Optical Science and Assistant Professor, Applied Physics Program PhD (Physics) Imperial College London, 2006 Plasma physics, ultra-high intensity laser-plasma interactions, compact laser-based particle accelerators, non-local transport, magnetized plasmas Lumin Wang Professor PhD (Materials Science) University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1988 Ion beam modification of materials, transmission electron microscopy, monocrystalline materials, and nuclear materials Gary S. Was Walter J. Weber, Jr. Professor of Sustainable Energy, Environmental and Earth Systems Professor and Professor, Materials Science and Engineering Director, Michigan Memorial Phoenix Energy Institute (MMPEI) Director, Michigan Ion Beam Laboratory (MIBL) ScD (Nuclear Materials Engineering) Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1980 Radiation effects on materials, ion beam modification of materials, hydrogen embrittlement, stress corrosion cracking, nuclear fuels David K. Wehe Professor PhD (Nuclear Engineering) University of Michigan, 1984 Gamma ray imaging, neutron physics, radiation spectroscopy, artificial intelligence and robotics applications, power plant reliability Feng Zhang Assistant Research Scientist PhD (Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences) University of Michigan, 2004 Room-temperature semiconductor detectors, ASIC readout systems and reconstruction of radiation interactions, 4th-generation 3-D position sensitive CdZnTe detector array system

116

EMERITUS FACULTY A. Ziya Akcasu Professor Emeritus Also Professor Emeritus, Macromolecular Science and Engineering PhD (Nuclear Engineering) University of Michigan, 1963 Dynamics of polymer solutions and blends, stochastic differential equations, reactor physics, kinetics Terry Kammash Stephen S. Attwood Professor Emeritus of Engineering Professor Emeritus PhD (Nuclear Engineering) University of Michigan, 1958 Fusion reactor physics and engineering, plasma physics, physics of intense charged particle beams, space applications of fusion energy William Kerr Professor Emeritus PhD (Electrical Engineering) University of Michigan, 1954 Reactor safety analysis, probabilistic risk analysis, radiation protection, reactor shielding, energy production Glenn F. Knoll, PE Professor Emeritus PhD (Nuclear Engineering) University of Michigan, 1963 Radiation measurements, neutron cross sections, nuclear measurements, radiation imaging Dietrich H. Vincent Professor Emeritus Dr. Rer. Natl. (Physics) Universität Göttingen, Germany, 1956 Gases in metals, ion beam analysis, radiation effects on materials

117

ADJUNCT FACULTY

Jeremy Busby Adjunct Assistant Professor PhD (Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences) University of Michigan, 2000 Radiation effects on materials, stress corrosion cracking, electron microscopy

Frederick W. Buckman Adjunct Professor PhD (Nuclear Engineering) Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1970 Chairman and CEO of Trans-Elect Formerly CEO of PacifiCorp and Consumers Power Company, Nuclear plant design and nuclear reactor safety Michael J. Flynn Adjunct Professor PhD (Nuclear Engineering) University of Michigan, 1975 Senior Staff Scientist, Henry Ford Health System Medical imaging, image analysis, bioengineering, radiation detection Mitchell M. Goodsitt Adjunct Professor PhD (Nuclear Physics) University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1982 Professor of Radiological Sciences, Radiology, University of Michigan Professor of Radiological Health, University of Michigan Randall K. Ten Haken Adjunct Professor PhD (Nuclear Physics) University of Wisconsin, 1978 Professor, Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Assoc. Professor, Environmental and Industrial Health, University of Michigan Ruth Weiner Adjunct Professor PhD (Chemistry) Johns Hopkins University, 1962 Sandia National Laboratories Member, Advisory Committee on Nuclear Waste Scott Wilderman Adjunct Research Scientist PhD (Nuclear Engineering) University of Michigan, 1990

118

VISITING FACULTY Kwang-Il Ahn Visiting Rackham Scholar Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Korea Kun-Dar Li Visiting Research Scientist Hsing-Kuo University of Management, Taiwan Rongsheng Zhou Visiting Research Scientist

Xiaotao Zu Visiting Research Scientist School of Physical Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

VISITING RESEARCHERS

Xia Xiang, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Yunlin Xu, Argonne National Laboratory Xiaodi Zhan, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

119

STAFF Research Fellows Yanbin Chen Jae Cheon Kim Shaun Clarke Phongphaeth Pengvanich Burcin Donmez Koteswararao V. Rajulapati Nicholas Jordan Louise Willingale

Technical Support Staff James Berry, Mechanical Engineer Edward A. Birdsall, Facilities Infrastructure Manager Alex Flick, Research Project Engineer Russell Miller, Engineering Technician Fabian Naab, Research Lab Specialist Associate Mark Perreault, Senior Electronics Technician, Plasma Experimental Bay Ovidiu Toader, Research Area Specialist Lead, Michigan Ion Beam Laboratory

Administrative Support Staff Ann Bell, Senior Secretary Donna Constant, Secretary Intermediate Cherilyn Davis, NERS Graduate Program Secretary Pam Derry, Academic Advisor/Counselor Amber French, Accounting Clerk Associate Peggy Jo Gramer, Senior Graduate Program Coordinator Caroline Joaquin, Department Administrator Pat Moore, Office and Editorial Assistant Shannon Thomas, Research Process Coordinator

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Advisory Board September 1, 2007 August 31, 2008 Forrest Brown Diagnostics Applications Group Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM Jack Davis Senior Vice President, Nuclear Operations Detroit Edison, DTE Energy Newport, MI James A. Fici Senior Vice President Westinghouse Electric Company Pittsburgh, PA James D. Kurfess Naval Research Laboratory Washington, DC Simon Labov Director, Radiation Detection Center Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore, CA Randy G. Lott Science and Technology Department Westinghouse Electric Company Pittsburgh, PA Thomas A. Mehlhorn Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM Edward L. Nickoloff Department of Radiology Columbia University New York, NY Robert L. Sindelar Manager, Materials Applications and Process Technology Savannah River National Laboratory Aiken, SC Thomas A. Spencer Deputy Division Chief Air Force Research Lab/DEH

Kirtland AFB, NM