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ANNUAL REPORT2016-17
GOVERNMENT OF INDIAMINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER & SANITATION
www.mdws.gov.in
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Contents
Sl. No. Chapter Page No.Abbreviations i-iiiExecutive Summary vi-vii
1 About the Ministry 1-31.1 National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) 11.2 Swachh Bharat Mission-(Gramin) 11.3 Vision 21.4 Goal 21.5 Objectives 21.6 Strategic Plan 3
1.6.1 By Year 2017 31.6.2 By Year 2019 31.6.3 By Year 2022 3
2 National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) 5-302.1 National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) 5-18
2.1.1 Components of the NRDWP 62.1.2 Criteria for fund allocation 72.1.3 Paradigm Shifts in Rural Drinking Water Sector 72.1.4 Current Status 92.1.5 Funding in rural water supply 92.1.6 Financial performance under NRDWP 102.1.7 New initiatives in the 12th Five Year Plan 122.1.8 Physical Performance under NRDWP 142.1.9 Rising expectations: Goal 14
2.1.10 Annual Action Plans (AAPs): Planning for 2016-17 152.1.11 Planning for Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan (SCSP), Tribal Sub
Plan (TSP), Left Wing Extremist (LWE) affected and Minority Concentrated Districts (MCDs)
15
2.1.12 Solar dual pumps in Integrated Action Plan (IAP) districts 172.1.13 Progress of NRDWP in North Eastern States 18
2.2 Water Quality (WQ) activities 19-302.2.1 Setting up of International Centre for Drinking Water Quality
(ICDWQ)19
2.2.2 Scheme for providing safe drinking water supply through community water purification plants in fluoride and arsenic affected rural habitations in the country
19
2.2.3 Water Quality Monitoring & Surveillance 212.2.4 Water Quality Testing Laboratories 232.2.5 Achievements in tackling water quality affected habitations: 232.2.6 Hydro-geo-morphological (HGM) maps 252.2.7 Assistance to the States on Rural Drinking Water Treatment
Technologies28
2.2.8 Mitigation of Japanese Encephalitis/Acute Encephalitis (JE/AES) 282.2.9 NABL accreditation of laboratories 29
Sl. No. Chapter Page No.2.2.10 Support Activities and Monitoring & Evaluation Framework 30
3 Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) 31-743.1 Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) 323.2 Activities of the SBM-G in North Eastern States 463.3 Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan (SCSP), Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) 483.4 Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) 493.5 Inter Ministry & Inter-sector collaboration 503.6 Convergence of SBM(G) with others Scheme 563.7 Monitoring and Evaluation (M & E) under SBM(G) 593.8 Human Resource Development (HRD) 613.9 Research and Development (R & D) 64
4 Review Meeting/Important conferences/Exhibitions 674.1 Review Meetings with State Ministers and Secretary Conference 674.2 Information & Communication Technology (ICT) Initiatives 67
5 Administration 75-785.1 Organisation 755.2 New initiatives taken in the Ministry 765.3 Vigilance and RTI/Grievances Redressal Machinery 765.4 Progress of Hindi work during 2016-17 77
6 Annexure I to XI 80-101Annex – I Organization Chart of the Ministry 81Annex – II(a) Partially Covered Habitation (2015-16) 82Annex –II(b) Quality Affected Habitation(2015-16) 83Annex – III(a) Partially Covered Habitation (2016-17, till 31.12.2016) 84
Annex – III(b) Quality Affected Habitation (2016-17, till 31.12.2016) 85
Annex-IV Sanctioned strength of regular posts in the Ministry 86Annex- V physical progress under SBM(G) during 2015-2016 87Annex-VI physical progress under SBM(G) during 2016-2017 (upto
December, 2016)88
Annex-VII State-wise release position under SBM(G) during the year 2015-16 89Annex- VIII State-wise release position under SBM(G) during the year 2016-17 90Annex- IX State/UT-wise , ODF declared Villages, GPs, Blocks and District 91Annex- X Total and SCs /STs IHHLs achievement during 2016-17 upto 31.12-
201692
Annex- XI (Report No.28 of 2015- Performance Audit of Total Sanitation Campaign/ Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan Laid in Parliament on 8th December, 2015)
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Abbreviations
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ABBREVIATIONSAAP Annual Action Plan
APL Above Poverty Line
ARWSP Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme.
ADB Asian Development Bank.
ASHA Accredited Social Health Activist
AES Acute Encephalitis Syndrome
BCC Behaviour Change Communication
BP Block Panchayat
BPL Below Poverty Line
BRC Block Resource Centre
CCDU Communication and Capacity Development Unit
CGWB Central Ground Water Board
CSIR Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
CRSP Central Rural Sanitation Programme
CBO Community Based Organization
CPGRAMS Centralized Public Grievances Redressal and Monitoring System
DDP Desert Development Programme
DDWS Department of Drinking Water & Sanitation
DPAP Drought Prone Areas Programme
DRDA District Rural Development Agency
DWSM District Water and Sanitation Mission
ECBI External Capacity Building Initiatives.
EPC Engineering, Procurement & Construction.
FTK Field Test Kits
GoI Government of India
GP Gram Panchayat
GSDA Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency
HADP Hill Areas Development Programme
HGM Hydro-geo-morphological Maps
HRD Human Resource Development
HH Hearing Handicapped.
IAP Integrated Action Plan
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IRC International Resource Centre
ICDWQ International Centre for Drinking Water Quality
IITF India International Trade Fair
IEC Information, Education & Communication
IHHL Individual Household Latrine
IMIS Integrated Management Information System
IWMP Integrated Watershed Management Programme
IT Information Technology
JE Japanese Encephalitis
KRC Key Resource Centre
IPCD liters per capita per day
LWE Left Wing Extremism
LSK Lump-sum Turn Key
M & E Monitoring and Evaluation
MGNREGS Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Generation Scheme
MPR Monthly Progress Report
MNRE Ministry of New & Renewable Energy.
MDG Millennium Development Goal
MIS Monitoring Information System
MCD Minority Concentrated Districts
MVS Multi Village Scheme
MDWS Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
MHM Menstrual Hygiene Management
NEERI National Environment Engineering Research Institute
NES North Eastern States
NFHS National Family Health Survey
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
NIC National Informatics Centre
NRDWP National Rural Drinking Water Programme
NRDWQM & SPNational Rural Drinking Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance Programme.
NRHM National Rural Health Mission
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NRSC National Remote Sensing Centre
NSSO National Sample Survey Organization
NWP National Water Policy
O & M Operation & Management
ODF Open Defecation Free
OLIC Official Language Implementation Committee
O&M Organisation& Management.
OH Orthopedically Handicapped
PC Production Centre
PHED Public Health Engineering Department
PRI Panchayati Raj Institution
R & D Research & Development
R & DAC Research & Development Advisory Committee
RGNDWM Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission
RSM Rural Sanitary Mart
SCSP Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan
SP Swachhta Pakhwada
SAP Swachhta Action Plan
SIP Swachh Iconic Place
SSS Swachh Swastha Sarvatra
SWSM State Water & Sanitation Mission
SBM(G) Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)
SHG Self-help Group
SSA Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
TSC Total Sanitation Campaign
UNICEF United Nations Children Fund
UT Union Territory
WSP Water and Sanitation Programme
WSSO Water and Sanitation Support Organisation
ZP Zila Panchayat
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Hon’ble Prime Minister addressing Indosan 2016
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National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) The importance of ensuring adequate and safe drinking water to a nation’s population is paramount. With that aim the National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) was started in 2009, to ensure water availability in terms of potability, adequacy, convenience, affordability and equity.
The Ministry is currently focusing on tightening supervision of implementation of the programme at the Central level. There is renewed focus on achieving 100% Piped Water Supply to households in a time bound manner through intensive monitoring of the water supply schemes. Consequently, the Ministry has upgraded its Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) and the focus has shifted from habitation wise monitoring approach to a scheme wise one.
Efforts are underway to strengthen the implementation of the NRDWP, make it more outcome oriented and focused on sustainability. To ensure that desired outcomes are achieved in quicker time frame, the Ministry has recommended priority financing of schemes which are in advanced stages of completion (those which are 75% and above complete and those which are 50%-75% complete).
About 77 percent of rural habitations in India have achieved a fully covered (FC) status (40 litres per capita per day), under the NRDWP, and 55 percent of the rural population have
access to tap water. In addition, the Ministry has taken special steps to address the issue of water quality in the schemes. A sub-mission programme is being implemented that aims to eliminate the problems of water quality, by 2020, in about 28,000 habitations affected by Arsenic and Fluoride. In the next phase, the MoDWS will focus on other contaminants such as nitrate, salinity, iron.
To strengthen Integrated Water Resources Management, the Ministry is coordinating the implementation of new Under Graduate and Post Graduate courses focused on holistic water management at engineering colleges in Madhya Pradesh. These will then be scaled across of the country.
Swachh Bharat Mission – GraminAccess to safe sanitation and ending of the practice of open defecation is critical for India, as it has been linked with several health issues, especially among children. According to various studies, lack of safe sanitation is a significant contributor to under five mortality, and is responsible for the physical and cognitive stunting of over 40% of India’s children. This is not allowing a large proportion of our children to achieve their full potential, and is an impediment in the overall development of the country. Open defecation is also a threat to the safety and dignity of women.
With the aim of achieving an Open Defecation Free (ODF) and clean India by 2nd October
Executive Summary
vii
2019, the Hon’ble Prime Minister launched the Swachh Bharat Mission, focusing on outcomes of ODF, instead of outputs of toilet construction. The Mission is centered on behavior change and community participation, with the aim of making sanitation “everyone’s business”.
Since launch, remarkable progress has been made in accelerating rural sanitation coverage and creating ODF communities. The rural sanitation coverage that stood at just 42% at the start of the Mission, is now over 60%. In FY 2016-17 alone, rural sanitation coverage has seen an increase of over eight percentage points. As on 1st February 2017, a total of 1,51,451 villages, 85 districts and three states have been declared ODF (up from 53,973 villages, 9 districts and one state at the start of FY 2016-17).
Following are some of the important initiatives undertaken by the Ministry in FY 2016-17:
1. Capacity building, knowledge sharing and monitoring:
�� Trainings in Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) through Virtual Classrooms
�� Young professionals (Zila Swachh Bharat Preraks) are being deployed in all districts of India sponsored by a leading private sector philanthropic organization
�� All villages along the banks of the Ganga being prioritized to be made ODF by 31st March 2017
�� Launch of Swachh Sangrah, a central knowledge management portal
�� Several national and state level events and workshops for BDOs, collectors and Principal Secretaries on sanitation, technology and Solid and Liquid Waste Management
�� SwachhApp and real-time dashboard are available in public domain
�� National Level Monitors and Independent Verification Agency for central verification
2. Inter-Ministerial collaborations
�� Over 50 Ministries motivated preparing a Swachhta Action Plan (SAP) with a budget line
�� 100 Swachh Iconic Places (SIP) to attain the highest levels of Swachhta
�� Swachh Swastha Sarvatra, a collaboration with Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Collaboration with Department of School Education and Literacy to include a chapter on sanitation in schools curriculum and co-curricular activities
�� Collaborations with Ministry of Petroleum and Ministry of Road Transport and Highways for improving sanitation along highways
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GOVERNMENT OF INDIAMINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER & SANITATION
www.mdws.gov.in
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The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation is the nodal Ministry for the overall policy, planning, funding and coordination of the flagship programmes of the Government of India viz. the National Rural Drinking Water Programme(NRDWP) for rural drinking water supply and the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) [SBM(G)] for sanitation in the country.
1.1 National Rural Drinking Water Programme
The National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme aimed at providing adequate and safe drinking water to the rural population of the country. The NRDWP focuses on the creation of the infrastructure, ensuring service delivery and sustainability of water supply schemes. This has resulted in the provision of significant additional resources for the water sector. In addition, the NRDWP has created an environment for the development of infrastructure and capacities for the successful operation of drinking water supply schemes in rural areas.
1.2 Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)
Intervention in the rural sanitation sector in India was initially started in the year 1954 as a part
of the First Five Year Plan of the Government of India. The Government of India introduced a structured scheme in the form of the Central Rural Sanitation Programme (CRSP) in 1986 primarily with the objective of providing access to sanitation for all. From 1999, a “demand driven” approach under the “Total Sanitation Campaign” (TSC) that emphasized Information, Education and Communication (IEC), Human Resource Development (HRD), Capacity Development activities to increase awareness among rural Indians andgeneration of demand for sanitary facilities was started. The “Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan” (NBA) the successor programme of the TSC, was launched from 1.4.2012, and aimed at creating Nirmal villages. Though these programmes had their successes, there still remained a large portion of the rural population which did not have access to toilets.
The Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) was launched on 2nd October, 2014 by the Hon’ble Prime Minister of India, Shri Narendra Modi. The focus of the new programme is to move towards a ‘Swachh Bharat’ by providing flexibility to State governments (sanitation being a State subject), to decide on their implementation policy and mechanisms, taking
About thE MiniStry1
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into account State-specific requirements. This is to enable States to develop an Implementation Framework that can utilise the provisions under the Mission effectively and maximize the impact of the interventions as per local requirements and conditions.
1.2.1 Swachh Bharat Mission (Co-ordination)
Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation (MDWS) has been assigned the additional task of coordinating and convening for the whole Swachh Bharat Mission. The agenda under this role is constantly growing in recent months and several special initiatives are being taken up under this role.Swachhta Action Plans (SAPs) are being developed for each Ministry and Department. Swachhta Pakhwada is being observed by all Ministries and Departments as per a calendar and under a format. Swachh Iconic Places (SIPs) have been planned and implemented. This additional role requiresmassive social mobilization and rigorous Inter-Ministry, Inter -sector and centre-state coordination. Some of the coordination work has fast developed into full-fledged projects and programmes, monitored by PMO/Cabinet Secretary. MDWS is working with Ministry of Human Resource Development on school sanitation and student and curriculum integration; with Ministry of Health and Family Welfare to develop Swachh PHCs; with Ministry of Women and Child Development for Swachh Anganwadis and for greater women’s role in Swachh Bharat Mission; with Ministry of Railways for clean railway stations, trains and tracks; and with Ministry of PNG and Ministry of Road and Transport to create segregated toilet facilities
at petrol pumps along National Highways - to name a few.
1.3 Vision of the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
Safe and adequate drinking water and access to improved sanitation for all, at all times in rural India.
1.4 Goal�� To provide every person with adequate
safe water for drinking, cooking and other domestic basic needs on a sustainable basis.
�� Attain a clean and Open Defecation Free India by 2nd October 2019.
1.5 Objectivesa) Enable all households to have access to
safe and adequate drinking water within a reasonable distance.
b) Enable communities to monitor their drinking water sources.
c) Ensure potability, reliability, sustainability, convenience, equality and consumers’ preference with regard to drinking water supply. These are to be the guiding principles while planning for a community based water supply system.
d) Provide drinking water facility, especially piped water supply, to Gram Panchayats that have achieved ODF status on priority.
e) Ensure all government schools and anganwadis have access to safe drinking water.
f) Development of conducive environment for Panchayati Raj Institutions and local communities to manage their own drinking water sources and systems in
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their villages.
g) Cover all rural households with sanitation facilities in each Gram Panchayat, with an incentive for constructing and using toilet given to BPL households, identified APL households including SC/ST, physically handicapped, small and marginal farmers and women-headed households.
h) Follow a cohesive approach of dealing with sanitation and water supply which would progressively lead to a Swachh Bharat and ensure running water availability to all Government School toilets.
i) Massive Information Education and Communication campaigns to promote behaviour change and ensure use, sustainability and adequate ‘Operation & Maintenance’ (O&M) of toilets.
j) Take up Solid and Liquid Waste Management in all Gram Panchayats.
1.6 Strategic Plan The Strategic Plans for drinking water supply and sanitation in rural areas have the following timeline:
1.6.1 By Year 2017(a) Drinking Water Facilities
To ensure that
�� At least 50% of rural households are provided with adequate and safe piped water supply with at least 35% household connections;
�� All services meet set standards in terms of quality and number of hours of supply every day.
1.6.2 By Year 2019(a) Rural Sanitation facilities To attain an Open Defecation Free India
by 2nd October 2019.
1.6.3 By Year 2022(a) Drinking water facilities
To ensure that
�� At least 90% of rural households are provided with adequate and safe piped water supply with at least 80% household connections;
�� All services meet set standards in terms of quality and number of hours of supply every day.
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national rural Drinking Water Programme (nrDWP)
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‘Rural drinking water supply’ is a State subject and it is also included in the Eleventh Schedule of the Constitution amongst the subjects that may be entrusted to Panchayats by the States. Thus, the participation of the Panchayati Raj Institutions in the rural drinking water supply sector is an important area of focus.
Government of India’s major intervention in water sector started in 1972-73 through the Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWSP) for assisting States/UTs to accelerate the coverage of drinking water supply in ‘problem villages’. A Technology Mission was introduced in 1986, with focus on water quality, appropriate technology intervention, human resource development support. The mission was subsequently renamed as the Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission (RGNDWM) in 1991. In 1999-2000, Sector Reform Projects was started to involve the community in planning, implementation, management and monitoring of drinking water schemes which was scaled up in 2002 as the Swajaldhara Programme.
In 2005, a campaign was launched by the Government of India as a programme to build rural water supply infrastructure. While the
Phase-I of the programme was implemented from 2005-06 to 2008-09, the Phase-II was implemented from 2009-10 to 2011-12. Rural drinking water is one of the six components of this programme.
2.1 National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP):
A revised Programme, the National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP), was launched on 01.04.2009. NRDWP is a centrally sponsored scheme aimed at providing adequate and safe drinking water to the rural population of the country. This has resulted in the provision of significant additional resources to the sector and created an environment for the development of infrastructure and capacity for the sustainable supply of safe drinking water in rural areas.
Subsequently, the NRDWP was modified in 2012.Focusing on the redressal of the water quality related problems, arsenic and fluoride-affected habitations have been accorded priority, followed by iron, salinity, nitrate and other contaminants. To ensure that habitations once provided with drinking water supply infrastructure do not slip back and face drinking
nAtionAl rurAl Drinking WAtEr ProgrAMME (nrDWP)2
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water problem; sustainability of drinking water sources and systems has been accorded high priority. To achieve drinking water security at village/ habitation level, conjunctive use of water i.e. judicious use of rainwater, surface water and ground water has been promoted.
2.1.1 Components of the NRDWP
a) The distribution of allocation under various components at the Central level is as under :Allocation / Components
NRDWP Central Allocation
Centre-State sharing pattern
NE States 10 % As per next tableOther States / UT 73 % As per next table
DDP Area States 10 % 90:10 for Himalayan States60:40 for others
Water Quality (Earmarked) 5 %
90:10 for NE and Himalayan States100:0 for UT50:50 for others
Natural Calamities 2 %90:10 for NE and Himalayan States100:0 for UT60:40 for others
Total 100 %
b) Component, Purpose, Distribution and Centre-State Sharing pattern of the NRDWP at the State level.
Component Purpose Distribution of State NRDWP allocation
Center-State Sharing pattern
Coverage
For providing safe and adequate drinking water supply to un-served, partially served and slipped back habitations
47%�� 90:10 for NE and Himalayan States
�� 100:0 for UT
�� 50:50 for others
Quality To provide safe drinking water to water quality affected habitations. 20%
Operation and Maintenance (O&M)
For expenditure on running, repair and replacement costs of drinking water supply projects.
15% (Maximum)
Sustainability
To encourage States to achieve drinking water security at the local level through sustainability of sources and systems.
10% (Maximum)
�� 90:10 for NE and Himalayan States
�� 100:0 for UT
�� 60:40 for others
Support Support activities like awareness generation, training etc. 5 %
Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance
For monitoring and surveillance of water quality in habitations 3%
Total 100 %
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2.1.2 Criteria for fund allocation
Allocation of the NRDWP funds is carried out on the basis of coverage, quality, sustainability, O&M, support and WQM&S. The criteria to be followed for fund allocation in the States is as follows:
Criteria Weightage (in %)Rural population as per census 40Rural SC and ST population as per census 10States under DDP, DPAP, HADP and special category hillStates in terms of rural areas
40
Rural population managing rural drinking water supply schemes weighted by a Management Devolution Index
10
Total 100
The 10% of the NRDWP budget is allocated to States with Desert Develop Programme (DDP) areas on the same criteria. The Natural Calamities component is allocated on the basis of recommendations of Central teams that visit the States in the wake of natural calamities. The 5% Earmarked Water Quality component is allocated to the States on the basis of distribution of quality affected habitations (with 75% weightage) and high priority districts affected with cases of JE / AES (25%).
2.1.3 Paradigm Shifts in Rural Drinking Water Sector
Drinking Water Supply Programme& Policies at a GlanceYear Event
1949The Environment Hygiene Committee (1949) (Bhor Committee) recommended the provision of safe water supply to cover 90 per cent of India’s population in a timeframe of 40 years.
1950 The Constitution of India specifies water as a State subject.
1969National Rural Drinking Water Supply Programme was launched with technical support from UNICEF and Rs.254.90 crore was spent during this phase with 1.2 million bore wells dug and 17,000 piped water supply schemes provided.
1972-73Introduction of the Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWSP) by the Government of India to assist States and Union Territories to accelerate the pace of coverage of drinking water supply.
1981India as a party to the International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade (1981-1990) declaration sets up a national level Apex Committee to define policies to achieve the goal of providing safe water to all villages.
1986The National Drinking Water Mission (NDWM) launched to accelerate the process of coverage of the country with drinking water.
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1987First National Water Policy drafted by Ministry of Water Resources giving first priority to drinking water supply.
1991The National Drinking Water Mission (NDWM) renamed as Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission (RGNDWM).
1994The 73rd Constitution Amendment makes provision for assigning the responsibility of providing drinking water to the Panchayati Raj Institutions.
1999
• Formation of separate Department of Drinking Water Supply in the Ministry of Rural Development, Govt. of India.
• For ensuring sustainability of the systems, steps are initiated to institutionalize community participation in the implementation of rural drinking water supply schemes through sector reform. Sector Reform ushers in a paradigm shift from the ‘Government-oriented supply-driven approach’ to the ‘People-oriented demand driven approach’. The role of the government reoriented from that of service provider to facilitator.
Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) as a part of reform principles initiated in 1999 to ensure sanitation facilities in rural areas with the specific goal of eradicating the practice of open defecation. TSC gives strong emphasis on Information, Education and Communication, Capacity Building and Hygiene Education for effective behavioural change with involvement of PRIs, CBOs, and NGOs
2002
• Scaling up of sector reform initiated in the form of Swajaldhara Programme. The National Water Policy revised; priority given to serving villages that did not have adequate sources of safe water and to improve the level of service for villages classified as only partially covered.
India commits to the Millennium Development Goals to halve the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation by 2015, from 1990 levels.
2005
The Government of India launches the Bharat Nirman Program, with emphasis on providing drinking water within a period of five years to 55,069 uncovered habitations, habitations affected by poor water quality and slipped back habitations based on 2003 survey. Revised sub Mission launched as component of ARWSP for focused funding of quality affected habitations.
2007 Pattern of funding under Swajaldhara changed: 50:50 Centre-State shares.
2009National Rural Drinking Water Programme launched from 1/4/2009 by modifying the earlier Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme and subsuming earlier sub Missions, Miscellaneous Schemes and mainstreaming Swajaldhara principles.
2010Department of Drinking Water Supply renamed as Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation
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2011Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation upgraded as to the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
2012Twelfth five - year plan focusing on piped water supply with 55 LPCD, earmarking of 5% funds for coverage of quality affected as well as 60 JE/AES affected districts
2013Launch of special Programme to address the rural water supply and sanitation issues of four low income States with collaboration of World Bank.
2014 Focus on Innovationsin rural drinking water
2016Focus on reforms in NRDWP to make it more outcome. Performance linked financing of the programme while keeping in mind that States with limited revenues and average performance are not left behind as well.
2.1.4 Current StatusUnder the Eleventh Five Year Plan, it was decided that the major issues which need tackling during this period are sustainability, water availability and supply, poor water quality, centralized versus decentralized approaches and financing of O&M, cost on equitable basis with full consideration to ensure equality in regard to gender, socially and economically weaker sections of the society, school children, socially vulnerable groups such as pregnant and lactating mothers, specially disabled and senior citizens etc.
For the Twelfth Plan period, the Working Group on Domestic Water and Sanitation has
recommended, amongst others, the following initiatives
(i) the need to increase drinking water supply service levels in rural areas from 40 LPCD (litres per capita per day) to 55 LPCD;
(ii) focus on piped water supply, and
(iii) Combined focus on drinking water supply and sanitation.
2.1.5 Funding for Rural Water Supply
The provision/allocation of funds by the Central and State Governments for Rural Drinking Water Supply since the First Five -Year Plan is shown in the following table and graph.
II st (1956-61)
II nd (1951-56)
III rd (1961-66)
IV th (1969-74)
V th (1974-79)
VI th (1980-85)
VII th (1985-90)
VIII th (1992-97)
IX th (1997-02)
Xth(2002-
07)
XI th (2007-12)
XII th (2012-17)
Centre
0 0 0 34.1 157.17 895.38 1905.64 4139.74 8454.57 16254.42 39191 68786
State
3 30 48 208 348 1530.17 2471.53 5084.44 10773.11 15102.42 49000
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
Investment in Rural Drinking Water Plan Periods Rs. in Crores
10
Physical Progress under NRDWP in Twelfth Plan period (2012-13 to 2016-17)Year-wise coverage status of Habitations
based on service norm of delivery of 40 litres per capita per day (LPCD)
As onTotal Fully Covered Partially Covered Quality Affected
Nos. Nos. % Nos. % Nos. %
01.04.12 16,66,075 12,31,411 73.9 3,30,504 19.8 1,04,160 6.3
01.04.13 16,92,251 11,61,018 68.6 4,48,439 26.5 82,794 4.9
01.04.14 16,96,664 12,49,695 73.6 3,68,463 21.7 78,506 4.6
01.04.15 17,13,303 12,70,199 74.1 3,76,343 22.0 66,761 3.9
01.04.16 17,14,528 13,06,580 76.2 3,36,871 19.7 71,077 4.1
31.12.16 17,14,528 13,23,079 77.2 3,22,925 18.8 68,524 4.0
�� In the last five years (12th five year plan period) from 01.04.2012 till 31.12.2016, the percentage of fully covered habitations has increased from 73.9% to 77.2% (i.e. net increase of 91,668 Nos. of Fully Covered habitations).
The following challenges have led to a slower than expected growth
(a) The depletion of ground water level due to excessive extraction by competitive sector such as Agriculture / Industry,
(b) Reduction of water bodies and its storage capacity due to silting,
(c) Successive droughts and inconsistent rains,
(d) Pollution of water bodies because of increased use of pesticides / fertilizers and effluents from
industry, most of them are beyond the direct control of implementing agencies of the States.
�� In the above period, partially covered habitations have decreased from 19.8% to 18.8%.
�� In the above period, quality affected habitations have decreased from 6.3% to 4.0%.
2.1.6 Financial progress under the NRDWPThe financial allocations to the ministry and expenditure by the States under NRDWP since 2005-06 are as under:
�� Financial performance at the national level is assessed in terms of the fund releases made under the programme. The budget estimates (BE), revised estimates (RE) and releases under the 11thand 12th Five-Year Plans are as under:
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2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17*
Budget Estimates 4050 5200 6500 7300 8000 9000 9350 10500 11000 11000 2611 5000
Revised Estimates 4060 4560 6400 7300 8000 9000 8500 10500 9700 9250 4373
Expenditure 4098 4560 6442.76 7298.79 7989.72 8986.74 8493.15 10489.05 9697.27 9242.76 4369.55 3397.65
Expenditure in % of RE 100 100 100 99.98 99.87 99.85 99.91 99.89 99.97 99.92 99.92 67.95
40604560
64007300 8000
9000 850010500 9700
9250
4373
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
During 2015-16, a revised allocation of Rs. 4,373 crore was provided. Out of this, Rs. 4369.55 crore was released to States i.e. utilized at the national level.
For 2016-17, the BE allocation was Rs. 5,000 Crore. Subsequently, in the revised estimate, a sum of Rs. 6,000 Crore has been provisioned for the NRDWP. So far, Rs. 3,397.65 crore have been released to the States as on 31.12.2016.
The financial projection at the national level for utilization of funds for the remaining three months (Jan – Mar) of current financial year would be Rs. 2,352.35 crore to accomplish the proposed final allocation of Rs. 5,750 Crore.
�� Utilization of funds by the States inthe corresponding period is tabulated as under:
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17*
Expenditure 4098 4560 6442 7299 7990 8987 8493 10489 9700 9242.76 5315.75 2207.17
4098 4560
64427299
79908987
8493
104899700 9242.76
5315.75
2207.17
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
Expenditure in Rs. Crore of NRDWP Funds
* Upto 31.12.2016
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Out of the total amount budgeted for the States in the focus areas of Support Activities and in Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance, during 2016-17; an amount of Rs. 237.50 crore has been allocated under the Support Fund of which Rs. 130.36 crore has been released; while under WQM&S Rs. 142.48 crore has been allocated and Rs. 74.57 crore released; and under Water Quality earmarked funds, Rs. 237.50 crore has been allocated and Rs. 51.98 crore has been released till 31.12.2016.
2.1.7 New initiatives in the 12th Five Year Plan
�� Solar Energy based Dual Pumps for Piped Water Supply Scheme (PWSS): The Ministry in collaboration with National Clean Energy Funds (NCEF) has supported the installation of 10,000 solar energy based dual pumps PWSS in remote habitations targeted for Integrated Action Plan Districts (IAP). The initiative has been successful and 15,400 solar energy based dual pumps PWSS are being supported with assistance from Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) in 2016-17 in remote areas across all States wherein the electricity supply has not reached yet, or it is irregular.
�� Focus is on surface water based schemes rather than on hand pumps / tube wells / ground water based schemes.This will decrease the pressure on ground water extraction and also ensure potability of water.
�� Focus on piped water supply through
stand posts.
�� Commencement of the National Water Quality Sub-Mission focused on provision of clean drinking water to Arsenic and Fluoride affected habitations. The Sub-Mission will be monitored intensively through its dedicated website and dashboard.
�� Intensified focus onincreasing household connections through extensive IEC (Information Education & Communication).
�� Enhancement of service levels for rural water supply from the present norm of 40 LPCD to 55 LPCD for designing of systems commensurate to availability of water sources and funds.
�� All new drinking water supply schemes to be designed, estimated and implemented to take into account life cycle costs and not just per capita costs.
�� Participative planning and implementation of integrated water resource management practices through water budgeting and both supply side and demand side planning.
�� Earmarking of funds for coverage of SC and ST population concentrated habitations.
�� Priority water supply to LWE areas, Minority areas.
�� ISO 9001:2008: The Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation has been awarded ISO 9001:2008 certification on 27/09/2015.
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�� Ministry has implemented e-office dispensing the movement of documents and files in physical forms increasing the transparency, accountability and speed of the work.
�� Third party evaluation of functionality of schemes:
�� Through NITI Aayog, a study has been conducted to understand the performance of 50 completed drinking water supply schemes from 6 States covering at least 10 schemes from areas affected by Arsenic / Fluoride. The study will also assess the model of Operations & Maintenance, levels of tariff collection, methods of water treatment, levels of quality and status of source of water. There are encouraging feedback and also some concern.
�� Further, the Ministry has assigned the task of assessing the functionality of the schemes (Single Village Schemes & Multi Village Schemes) to the Quality Council of India (QCI). QCI will study the ongoing water supply schemes in 5,600 villages and report the on ground functionality vis-à-vis the existing data reported on the IMIS.
�� Similarly, the Ministry has hired the services of a professional agency for a regular assessment of ongoing water supply schemes (National Level Monitoring), service delivery
aspects and overall satisfaction level among the rural population.
�� Strengthening Integrated Water Resource Management:
�� Following the directions of the PMO, a Committee under the convenorship of Secretary, MDWS was formed. The Committee, which consisted of Government and Domain experts, deliberated on various issues pertaining to Integrated Water Resource Management and charted a way forward. The committee, in order to broaden the scope of holistic water education decided to look into Integrated Water Resource Management and Water education in the country.
�� The Committee decided to focus on strengthening water management and recommended the formation of a Sub-Committee. The Sub-Committee dealing with the Rewa Engineering College has prepared draft curricula for, an undergraduate subject on IWRM as a part of the Civil Engineering degree; two post-graduate courses on Water Engineering and Water Management respectively. The curricula will be implemented at Rewa Engineering College by the end of March 2017.
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2.1.8 Physical Performance under the NRDWP
For the year 2015-16, against the target of coverage (40 lpcd) of 47,080 partially covered and 9,111 quality affected habitations, the achievement stood at coverage of 39,399 partially covered and 8,125 quality affected habitations.
For the year 2016-17 (till 31st December 2016), against the target of coverage of 44,023 partially covered and 12,812 quality affected habitations, the achievement stood
at coverage of 12,978 partially covered and
2,517 quality affected habitations.
Considering the current trend of physical
performance, a total of 4,326 partially covered
habitations and 840 quality affected habitations
are estimated to be covered further during
remaining three months (Jan-Mar) of the
financial year 2016-17.
The State-wise details are at Annexure-II (a), II
(b), III (a) and III (b).
2015-16 2016-17* 2015-16 2016-17* 2015-16 2016-17*
Partially Covered
Partially Covered
Quality Affected
Quality Affected Total Total
Target 47080 44023 9111 12812 56191 56835
Coverage 39399 12978 8125 2517 47524 15495
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000Rural Habitation Coverage
Target
Coverage
* Achievement as on 31.12.2016
2.1.9 Rising Expectations: Goal
The Ministry’s goal is to assist the States in meeting the rising expectations of the rural people for better standards of service delivery in rural drinking water supply as shown in the Water Ladder below.
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2.1.10 Annual Action Plans (AAPs): Planning for 2016-17
From the year 2010-11, the State-wise discussions on the Annual Action Plan (AAP) with each State were carried out. In this process, States prepared their AAPs, detailing the activities that they proposed to take up during the year, and the financial costs that these proposals would entail. Detailed discussions on the State AAPs for 2016-17 were held in the month of March, 2016 among representatives of the Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation, Government of India and the State government officials.
From the year 2012-13 onwards, the on-line formats for Annual Action Plan got fully established and were widely accepted by the States/UTs. This has resulted in decentralized outlook to the Annual Plans from the States. Subsequent to the discussions, modifications were suggested in the AAPs and action points identified. States released funds, after their AAP was prepared and the target habitations identified on the online IMIS. On the basis of the AAPs, the States executed the activities under the NRDWP during the year. The process of preparing, discussing and implementation of the AAPs for the NRDWP, provided a framework for proper targeting and monitoring of the funds provided by the Government of India. The AAP along with online reporting of achievements by the States in the Integrated Management Information System of the Ministry has significantly strengthened the effectiveness of the NRDWP in achieving the goal of providing safe drinking water for all the rural areas of the country.
2.1.11 Strategy for Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan (SCSP), Tribal Sub Plan (TSP), Left Wing Extremist (LWE) affected and Minority Concentrated Districts (MCDs)
Provision for SCs and STs
The NRDWP has special provisions to ensure coverage of the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe population with potable water supply. In the criteria for fund allocation to States under the NRDWP, the rural SC and ST population of the State has a weightage of 10%. Thus States with higher SC and ST population get a higher allocation of NRDWP funds.
To ensure that adequate funds are utilized by the States in SC and ST concentrated areas, for the year 2016-17, Rs. 1320 crore (22% of total allocation of Rs. 6000 crore) is earmarked for expenditure for SCs and Rs. 600 crore (10% of total allocation of Rs. 6000 crore) is earmarked for expenditure for STs. Out of the above mentioned amounts, as on 31.12.2016, Rs.906.61 crore has been released to States for coverage of SC and ST populations.
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The progress in the coverage of SC and ST concentrated habitations is being intensively monitored through the Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) of the Ministry. To accomplish the above, MDWS has upgraded its website and IMIS for improving the data capture and data analysis capabilities.
As on 01.04.2016, out of the total 2,05,490 SC concentrated habitations in the country, 1,57,119 habitations are Fully Covered, 39,208 are Partially Covered and 9,163 are Quality affected. In 2016-17, 8,154 SC concentrated habitations were targeted for coverage and 3,419 habitations were covered with potable drinking water supply till 31.12.2016.
As on 01.04.2016, out of the total 3,63,686 ST
concentrated habitations, 2,91,577 are Fully Covered, 59,229 are Partially Covered and 12,880 are quality affected. In 2016-17, 9942 ST concentrated habitations were targeted for coverage and out of which 8252 habitations have been covered till 31.12.2016.
Provision for minoritiesWhile there is no earmarking of NRDWP funds for expenditure in minority concentrated districts, attention is given to coverage of such habitations in the planning process.
Out of the total 2,34,757 habitations in the Minority Concentrated Districts (MCDs) identified by the Ministry of Minority Affairs, as on 01.04.2016, a total of 1,57,595 habitations are Fully Covered, 64,621 are Partially Covered and 12,541 are Quality affected. In 2016-17, 8,579 habitations have been targeted for coverage and 3,376 habitations covered with potable drinking water supply till 31.12.2016.
Progress of NRDWP in LWE affected districtsThere are 88 districts which are now categorized as LWE affected districts and
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identified for the Integrated Action Plan (IAP). Funds are provided under the IAP to the District Administration of these districts for taking up developmental schemes including water supply projects.
In addition, under the NRDWP, State Governments have in their Annual Action Plans prioritized taking up rural water supply projects in these districts.
As on 01.04.2016, out of the 17.14 lakh rural habitations in the country, there are 3,43,591 habitations in IAP districts. Out of these, 2,74,571 habitations are fully covered (79.91%). 59,829 habitations (17.41%) are partially covered. Further 9,191 habitations (2.67%) are quality affected.
In 2016-17, under the NRDWP, Rs. 271.99 crores have been released to State governments to IAP districts, targeting 7,294 habitations for coverage. As on 31.12.2016, 8001habitations have been covered.
2.1.12 Solar dual pumps in Integrated Action Plan (IAP) districts
The Ministry is collaborating with the National Clean Energy Fund (NCEF) to install solar dual pumps in 88 Integrated Action Plan (IAP) districts of the country. The cost of one solar dual pump unit is about approx. Rs 5 lakh. The fund sharing pattern between MDWS and States is 40(NCEF):30 (NRDWP Central):30(NRDWP State).
Under the Solar Powered dual pump scheme, a 900 Watt Solar energy based submersible pump is installed in the bore well which is also fitted with a hand pump. The pumped water is stored in a 5000 litre tank, which is then used to provide piped water supply to each house through taps.
This scheme suffices requirement of drinking water needs of 250 persons. Hand pump is kept as a standby in the same bore well to ensure availability of uninterrupted water supply to the population in case of any problems with the solar powered pump. Under this scheme, 10,571 Nos. solar pumps have been installed.
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2.1.13 Progress of NRDWP in North Eastern StatesUnder the NRDWP, focus is on the development of infrastructure in the North Eastern States by providing 10% of national budget allocation to these States. In 2015-16, an amount of Rs. 437.30 crore was provided for rural drinking water supply in the North Eastern States.
State Total rural Habitation
Status of Coverage (As on 01.04.2016)
Target 2016-17 Achievement as on 31.12.2016
Fully Covered Habitation
Partially Covered Habitation
Quality Affected Habitation
Partially covered Habitation
Quality affected Habitation
Partially covered Habitation
Quality affected Habitation
Arunachal Pradesh 7577 2849 4673 55 177 11 23 2
Assam 88099 55875 23447 8777 1090 662 98 65Manipur 2868 2241 627 0 50 0 76 0Meghalaya 10475 1674 8791 10 100 10 21 0Mizoram 738 447 291 0 35 0 7 0Nagaland 1530 731 756 43 38 16 108 0Sikkim 2084 731 1353 0 40 0 10 0Tripura 8723 4276 518 3929 41 524 8 131Total 122094 68824 40456 12814 1571 1223 351 198
Solar dual pump
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2.2 Water Quality (WQ) activities
2.2.1 Setting up of International Centre for Drinking Water Quality (ICDWQ)
The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Government of India, is setting up an International Centre for Drinking Water Quality (ICDWQ) at Joka, Diamond Harbour Road, Kolkata. ICDWQ has been registered as a Society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 in New Delhi. The ICDWQ would be fully funded and administered under the overall guidance of the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Government of India. The proposal was approved by Government of India in 2013.
The basic aim of the Society is to work in the area of identification, mitigation and management of drinking water quality related problems in India and abroad, with a focus on arsenic and fluoride and to provide inputs for policy level decision making under the National Rural Drinking Water Programme and in the rural drinking water sector in general. The Centre will focus mainly on research and development activities, assessment of various treatment technologies, training of people, networking with all related organizations, promotion of doctoral and post-doctoral studies on drinking water quality issues etc. It will cater to both Rural and urban areas in India. In addition, the Centre will also assist other Countries in case of need.
Executive Council (EC) of ICDWQ, in its 4th meeting held on 24th Aug 2015, decided to hand over the complete design, construction and development activities of ICDWQ to CPWD, Kolkata. The task has been sub-
contracted to the construction agency by CPWD, Kolkata and the work is underway. The estimated civil, structural and electrical costs for the ICDWQ is Rs 96 crore.
2.2.2 Scheme for providing safe drinking water supply through community water purification plants in fluoride and arsenic affected rural habitations in the country
The Ministry has prepared a Strategy Plan to provide safe drinking water to 90% of the rural population of the country preferably through surface water based piped water supply schemes by the year 2022 as a long-term sustainable solution, subject to availability of funds. The National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) funds for supplying “safe” drinking water in contaminated areas are being utilized by the States as a policy, mostly for alternate safe Piped Water Supply (PWS) schemes including Multi-village schemes (MVS).
The Ministry has informed all the States to commission surface water based piped water supply schemes in all water quality affected habitations as a long term sustainable solution. However, since commissioning of Piped Water Supply projects may take 3-5 years and the rural people cannot be put to risk of consuming contaminated water during this period, all States have been advised to install community water purification plants, in reported arsenic and fluoride affected habitations by March 2017. This is being done as a short term immediate measure for providing 8-10 LPCD (litre per capita per day) of safe water for drinking and cooking purposes only.
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Since the allocation of the Ministry was reduced during 2015-16, NITI Ayog has released Rs 1000 crore as a one-time Central assistance for this purpose which also includes funds for last mile connectivity of piped water supply schemes in Rajasthan and West Bengal, which are respectively affected most by fluoride and arsenic contaminations in drinking water.
Against the funds released with the recommendation of NITI Aayog, States have not yet updated their information into the online IMIS (Format-C-40A). As on 31/12/2016, community water purification plants have been commissioned only in 35 arsenic affected
habitations and in 188 fluoride affected habitations using these funds. Progress on this aspect will be reviewed continuously and will improve considerably by March’ 2017.
As informed by the States, so far, 8,226 number of Community Water Purification Plants, mostly using Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology, have been reported installed till 31.12.2016 under NRDWP. Most of the RO Plants have been set up in States of Karnataka (7073) followed by, Rajasthan (250), Punjab (245), and Andhra Pradesh (212). Few snapshots of these plants are shown below:
Fluoride Removal Plant based on Nano-technology, installed in Thirumanlareddy Palli Vedullacheruvu Gram Panchayath, Veligandla Block, Prakasam District in Andhra Pradesh State
Solar Energy based Arsenic Removal Plants installed in Maniktala Mathpara habitation, Sutia gram panchayath, Bishnupur village, Gaighata block, North 24 Paraganas district in West Bengal State
Solar Energy based Arsenic Removal Plants installed in Gangapur habitation, Mahula-II Gram Panchayat, Bhabta village, Beldanga block, Murshidabad district in West Bengal State
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View of RO based Community water purification plant in Chankoi village, Saroya block, SBS Nagar district of Punjab State
Solar Energy based Electrolytic Defluoridation plant in Sargapur village, Seoni District, Madhya Pradesh State
View of RO based Community water purification plants in Bodli village, Gehlewal block, Machiwara district of Punjab State
2.2.3 Water Quality Monitoring & Surveillance
In order to develop the understanding and appreciation of safe and clean drinking water amongst rural communities and to enable them to carry out tests to determine the quality of drinking water, the National Rural Drinking Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance Programme (NRDWQM&SP) was launched in February, 2006. The programme was aimed at empowering rural communities by the following activities:1. Creating awareness through Information,
Education & Communication (IEC) activities to address ownership of the systems, health hazards due to poor drinking water quality, hygiene, sanitary
survey, importance of environmental sanitation, etc.
2. In each Gram Panchayat,training five grass root workers, which may be ASHA workers, Anganwadi workers, science teachers, high school girl children, panchayat members, retired army officials, etc.
3. In addition to 5 Gram Panchayat workers, 2 persons at the State level, 4 persons at the District and 5 persons at the Block level are also to be trained.
4. Provision of water testing kit for each Gram Panchayat.
For the above mentioned purposes, 100%
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financial assistance has been provided to the States. Fromthe inception of the Programme till 31/12/2016, 4.99 lakh chemical kits, 119.52 lakh bacteriological vials have been purchased/ supplied, 44.63 lakh rural drinking water sources were tested by using these kits and 34.84 lakh persons (including Grass root workers in GPs, block & district officials) have been trained in different States to carry out the water quality tests as per on-line data reported by the States on IMIS. This helps in keeping surveillance on the quality related aspects of drinking water sources.With effect from 1.4.2009, NRDWQM&SP has been subsumed in the NRDWP.From 2011-12, a separate component of Water Quality Monitoring Surveillance has been created, for which 3% of NRDWP funds are allocated.
During 2016-17, the following achievements have been made (till 31.12.2016)
No. of FTKs chemical distributed
= 3,523
No. of bacteriological vials distributed/ Processed
= 2.22 lakh
No. of persons trained on using FTKs
= 1.45 lakh
No. of Sanitary surveys conducted
= 1,06,251
No. of sources tested using FTKs
= 3.71 lakh
It is expected that by March’ 2017, about five lakh water sources would be tested by the local people using FTKs and bacteriological vials.
Demonstration of water quality testing by Field Test Kit (FTKs) in Gujarat State
23
Use of Field Test Kit (FTKs) by villagers in Gujarat State
A view of NABL accredited Advanced Drinking water quality testing laboratory in Mohali, Punjab
NABL accredited Vadodara district water quality testing laboratory, Gujarat
NABL accredited Guntur district water quality testing laboratory, Andhra Pradesh
2.2.4 Water Quality Testing LaboratoriesThe Ministry also provides support in set up of and strengthening of district level and sub-divisional laboratories in the States. As on 31.12.2016, 27 State level laboratories, 729 district laboratories, 279 Block level laboratories, 1,117 Sub divisional laboratories and 88 mobile testing laboratories have been set up by the States/ UTs using funds from 3% NRWDP funds (on 100% central assistance), from their own resources and from other sources. States have carried out testing of 21.25 lakh water samples during 2016-17 in these laboratories as reported on IMIS of the Ministry as on 31.12.2016.
All States have been asked to set up district level water quality testing laboratories by March’ 2017 wherever such facility is not available. It is expected that by March’ 2017, 26 lakh drinking water sources/samples will be tested.
2.2.5 Achievements in addressing water quality affected habitations:
During 2016-17, States had targeted to tackle 12,812 quality affected habitations of which 2,553 habitations have been covered till 31.12.2016. States have been requested to cover all the remaining arsenic and fluoride affected rural habitations by March 2017 by
24
implementing either short term measures (community water purification plants) or by implementing long term measures (piped water supply schemes). The sustainable solution for water quality affected habitations is to provide Piped Water Supply (PWS) preferably using safe surface based drinking water sources. Many States have planned Mega Water Supply Schemes to provide drinking water
Surface Water based scheme in Falta-Mathurapur area in South 24 Paraganas district, West Bengal for arsenic affected habitations
Execution of Telangana Water Supply Grid Project (Mission Bhagiratha) Construction of Jack Well at SRSP Reservoir in Telangana State
to rural habitations covering quality affected habitations enroute. Telangana is implementing Telangana Water Supply Grid Project (Mission Bhagiratha) which will cover all their fluoride affected habitations. States of West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh are also executing mega water supply projects. Selected snapshots of mega water supply projects are shown below:
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Execution of Telangana Water Supply Grid Project: Construction of Water Treatment Plant at Karimnagar District in Telangana State
Execution of Telangana Water Supply Grid Project: Laying of pipeline in Mahabubnagar District in Telangana State
2.2.6 Hydro-Geo-Morphological (HGM) mapsThe Ministry has completed the preparation of hydro-geo-morphological maps (prospect maps without water quality layer) for the entire country. The 4,898 maps on 1:50,000 scale have been prepared to assist the States
through National Remote Sensing Centre, Hyderabad. Using these maps, States can identify sites for groundwater sources for water supply systems and locations for constructing recharge structures to improve sustainability of existing water supply sources.
26
Creation of GIS (Geographical Information System) layers and a view of the HGM maps of Barhait Block of Jharkhand State
27
28
Details of Ground Water Prospects Maps Ground Water prospect maps have been handed over to States to help them in identifying correct sites for production wells and sustainability structures for artificial groundwater recharge. Use of these maps along with geo-physical studies are likely to cut down the failure of bore wells/ tube wells drastically and also help in in-situ dilution of certain chemical contaminants.
The States have been advised to generate water quality data on a random basis but on uniform parameters in each district during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons for the same drinking water sources selected. Subsequently the data needs to be sentalong with the GPS coordinates of the source and the depth of tube-well so that ground water quality GIS layer could be inserted into the HGM maps. Many States are in advanced stage of ground water quality mapping (i.e. insertion of Ground water quality layer in HGM maps) and few States are in the process of providing relevant data to NRSC. Preparation of Prospect Maps has been completed and preparation of Water Quality Maps isongoing.
The Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation (MoDWS) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), with Central Ground Water Board and National Remote Sensing Centre on 21st September 2015 for joint use of Geo-spatial Technology in Aquifer Mapping and Management.
2.2.7 Assistance to the States on Rural Drinking Water Treatment Technologies
The Ministry constituted a High Level Technical
Committee under the chairmanship of Padma Vibhusan Prof. R. A. Mashelkar, Ex. DG-CSIR, and Government of India to recommend innovative technologies in the field of Rural Drinking Water & Sanitation. The technologies and innovations were vetted by the Standing Committee on Technologies on Water and Sanitation chaired by Prof. R. A. Mashelkar, Ex. DG-CSIR.
The committee has till daterecommended about 40 technologies for adoption (30 for drinking water and 10 for sanitation). However, the technologies vetted by Prof. Mashelkar Committee are only suggestive in nature for the States because the final Decision on choice of technologies resides solely with the States.
To assist the States in getting familiarized with the latest technologies pertaining to Rural Drinking Water and Sanitation, the Ministry also organized exhibitions, which wereformally inaugurated by the Hon’ble Minister for Drinking Water and Sanitation and the Hon’ble Minister of State for Drinking Water and Sanitation.
2.2.8 Mitigation of Japanese Encephalitis/Acute Encephalitis (JE/AES)
JE/AES was reported from 171 endemic districts in 17 States of India.The National Programme on Prevention and Control of Japanese Encephalitis/Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (JE/AES) was started by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. The Health Ministry had identified 60 high priority JE/AES districts in five States - Assam, Bihar, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal, as indicated below:
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S. No.
Name of the State
Number of high priority JE/AES districts
1 Assam 102 Bihar 153 Tamil Nadu 54 Uttar Pradesh 205 West Bengal 10
Total 60
The Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation provides funds under the NRDWP-WQMS Earmarked Funds (bacteriological) (25% of NRDWP-5% Special Water Quality funds) for the high priority districts identified by Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoH &FW). A set of detailed guidelines have also been issued by the Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation indicating the activities to be undertaken. Major activities required to be taken up for provision of safe drinking water in JE/AES affected districts are as under: -
1. Sanitary inspection of all sources in the affected areas.
2. Raising of hand pump platforms.
3. Plugging all the leaks and cracks in the hand pump platforms and casing pipe.
4. Proper Solid and Liquid Waste management with clearing of soakage pits and drainage channel attached to the hand pumps.
5. Conversion of shallow public hand pumps into India Mark-II hand pumps.
6. Drilling of deep tube-wells, energizing them with 1 hp motor and pumping water into stand posts (with at least 4 taps) constructed nearby and adding bleaching
powder.
7. Disinfecting of all public drinking water sources.
8. Generation of awareness among the people to consume only safe drinking water and also inculcate the habit of boiling water before consuming.
9. Apart from these, household based piped water supply schemes from alternate safe surface/ground water sources could also be taken up by States on priority basis as the long term sustainable solution under 67% NRDWP-Coverage and Quality funds.
The Ministry has also made a special provision on its online IMIS to monitor the progress of utilization of NRDWP-WQMS Earmarked (bacteriological) funds in the affected States.
As reported by the States on IMIS of the Ministry as on 31.12.2016, States have spent Rs 44.63 crore (i.e. 58.39 %) of 76.43 crore released to JE/AES States affected under Water Quality Earmarked (bacteriological) funds.
2.2.9 NABL accreditation of laboratoriesThe Ministry convened a National Orientation Workshop for NABL (National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories) accreditation of Drinking Water Quality Testing laboratories on April 10, 2015. Thereafter, four Regional level workshopswere organized to train the identified professionals for NABL accreditation.
NABL accreditation of the identified laboratories would be taken up in a phased-wise manner.
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During Phase-I, 30 laboratories from different States have been identified for NABL accreditation. During 2015-16, the Ministry has requested the States to get at-least one laboratory accredited by NABL. After reviewing the achievements, during 2016-17, the Ministry has requested that the larger States to get four laboratories accredited by NABL and smaller States to get two laboratories accredited by NABL at the earliest so that the success can be replicated for other laboratories in due course of time.
Till date, 37 applications have been filed by States for NABL accreditation for State/district water quality testing laboratories. Out of these, 23 laboratories have been given NABL accreditation and process is ongoing in another 13 laboratories. The proposal of NABL accreditation for Dimapur district water quality testing laboratory has been put on hold as the corrective actions of NCs suggested by NABL have not been implemented till date.
2.2.10 Support Activities and Monitoring & Evaluation Framework:
2.2.10.1 Research and Development Projects
Research and Development in Water & Sanitation Sector are being promoted bysanctioning grants-in-aids to premier research & development Organizations, Universities, Colleges, and Autonomous Organizationsbased on the recommendations of Research & Development Advisory Committee (RDAC). During 2016-17, the total number of ongoing research and development projects in Water and Sanitation Sector were twenty one (21) and six (6) respectively. In Drinking Water Sector, five (5) projects have been completed, 08 (eight) are under process for formal closure and remaining eight (08) are under progress. In Sanitation Sector, four (04) projects are under process of closure and remaining 02 (two) are under progress.
2.2.10.2 Information, Education and Communication (IEC)
Under the NRDWP, the major focus has been providing potable drinking water to all the population within their premises in the rural India. To make people aware of the hazards of the various contaminants in the drinking water, benefits of saving and judicious use of the drinking water, Public Service broadcasts have been organized by the Ministry. These have been released over All India Radio and its regional network, Pvt. FM Channels, Doordarshan and its Regional Channels and also in the Pvt. Cable and Satellite channels.
A national level workshop was organized on 3rd January 2017 by the Honorable Minister of Rural Development, Panchayati Raj and
Towards NABL Accreditation: View of final assessment of laboratory by officials of NABL in SAS Nagar in State of Punjab.
31
Drinking Water and Sanitation, Shri Narendra Singh Tomar. The workshop was focused on development of a strategy for ensuring sustainable 100% Piped Water Supply to households.
2.2.10.3 Key Resource Centres (KRCs)
The Ministry has identified institutions / organizations having domain knowledge and expertise in water and selected them as National Key Resource Centres (KRCs). National Key Resources Centres (NKRC) are key institutions engaged in capacity building, reorientation of different stakeholders, in dissemination of knowledge and information, documentation of best practices etc. to achieve the sectoral goal of drinking water security in rural areas.
KRCs provide technical guidance to State Water & Sanitation Missions (SWSM), Communication & Capacity Development
Unit (CCDU), Public Health Engineering Departments (PHEDs), Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs), Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) and community organizations on issues and challenges of NRDW Programme. Key Resource Centres are identified by Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation based on the track record of national standing, experience, previous work and involvement of the concerned institutions/ organizations in the rural drinking water sector.
In total there are 54 Key Resource Centres recognized by Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation. Out of these, 11 KRCs work exclusively for drinking water, 7 for sanitation and capacity building and 36 work for both drinking water and sanitation. A total of 29 Training Programmes and 6 National/Regional Workshops have been taken-up in the year 2016-17.
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3.1 Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)
3.1.1 BackgroundThe Government launched Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) on 2nd October , 2014 to accelerate efforts to achieve universal sanitation coverage, improve cleanliness and eliminate open defecation in India by 2nd October 2019.The program is considered India’s biggest drive to improve sanitation, hygiene and cleanliness in the country. The
effectiveness of the Programme is predicated upon generating demand for toilets leading to their construction and sustained use by all the household members, leading to Open Defecation Free (ODF) communities and villages.It also aims to promote better hygiene behaviour amongst the population and improve cleanliness by initiating Solid and Liquid Waste Management (SLWM) projects in the villages of the country. This is to be bolstered with adequate implementation capacities in terms of trained personnel, financial incentives and
SWAChh bhArAt MiSSion (grAMin)3
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systems and procedures for planning and monitoring. The emphasis is on stronger focus on behaviour change interventions including interpersonal communication; strengthening implementation and delivery mechanisms down to the GP level; and giving States flexibility to design delivery mechanisms that take into account local cultures, practices, sensibilities and demands.A strong focus is also on mainstreaming sanitation among various stakeholders – government departments, civil society, corporate sector - making it everyone’s business and responsibility.
Hon’ble MOS(DWS), Shri Ramesh C. Jigajinagi expressing his views in a National workshop on Solid and Liquid Waste Management at Tiruvanataiepuram, Kerala. Sh. Parmeshwaran Iyer, Secy (DWS) and Sh. Saraswati Prasad, Additional Secretary and others were present.
Sanitation is mainly a behavioural issue. It involves change of mindset amongst people to stop open defecation and to adopt safe sanitation practices. Since this requires engagement of community and skill in facilitation, the process takes some time. The challenges pertain to capacity building at scale of the implementing machinery in inter-personal communication, continuing focus on community involvement and collective (i.e. village as a whole) behaviour change, promoting flexibility so that States take a lead and choose approach best suited to them, targeting district leadership so that Collectors lead the programme proactively, targeting important influencers like children, youth, women, specially abled citizens and faith leaders, promoting technological innovations,
making the campaign a Jan Andolan, converging other development schemes with sanitation to promote sustainability and having a robust monitoring and evaluation system to measure both outputs and outcomes.
In order to address the above challenges, a number of measures have been taken/being taken. These include:
�� Focus on behavior change: Community based collective behavior change has been mentioned as the preferred approach, although the States are free to choose the approach best suited to them. Focus is also on creation of completely ODF villages, rather than only on construction of individual toilets. This entails triggering the entire village into changing their behavior rather than dealing individually with beneficiaries.
�� The programme provides flexibility to the States in implementation. This is essential, given the vast socio-economic-cultural diversity of India, and also from the point of view of promoting innovations.
�� There is a greater emphasis on capacity building at scale, especially in community approaches and programme management. Various initiatives are being taken to reach out to all the stakeholders with representatives of States and select organizations (called Key Resource Centres) being trained. These in turn are, carrying out trainings at the sub-State level. The key official at the district level-Collector-has been roped in the programme to provide leadership at the
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
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district level. They are being exposed to best practices, both through workshops and exposure visits. More than 450 Collectors from across the country have been trained. In order to provide exposure to officers at their entry level itself, a training module has been developed for LBSNAA, Mussoorie. The IAS and other Group A probationers are being given training for better implementation of SBM(G), including ‘triggering’ behavior change in communities.
�� To scale up capacity building in community approaches for field personnel and create an army of motivators on the ground, Virtual Classrooms are being organized with multiple districts being connected to a central trainer virtually, thereby significantly increasing the number of people trained as well as reducing resources required per training. These trainings have already been conducted in 7 states in over 50 districts.
�� The attempt is to transform the Mission into a jan andolan with the cooperation of all sections of the society including the all government departments, NGOs, Corporates, youth etc. The Panchayats are being actively involved.
�� There is an emphasis on streamlining administrative and financial procedures, both to cut down on time, as well as to increase accountability.
�� Innovations in technology is being promoted at the National and State levels. There is a National Committee under
Prof. R.A. Mashelkar that examines all new technologies from the point of view of safety and feasibility.
�� Sanitation is being prioritized amongst the overall development agenda. The Government has taken a decision to prioritize all Centrally Sponsored Schemes in ODF villages. Various other development schemes are being converged with the sanitation outcomes.
�� Community managed sanitation system with focus on solid and liquid management as part of the overall mission is being pushed as an equally key component of the mission
�� Promotion of direct incentive transfer to beneficiary is also being promoted by GoI as a best practice
�� Fund allocation to States is being linked to ODF achievement and performance to encourage better performing States as well as to prevent parking of funds at State level
�� A young professional called Zila Swachh Bharat Prerak is being hired for each district of India, who will support the District Collector in managing and driving the Mission effectively, to speed up implementation. 600 of these Preraks are being hired and fully funded by the Tata Trusts.
�� In an attempt to make to make sanitation everyone’s business, over 50 Ministries have prepared Swachhta Action Plans (SAP) with a line item in their annual
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Mandi’s Mahila Mandals move the district towards ODF plus
Having been declared open defecation free (ODF) in September 2015, Himachal Pradesh’s Mandi District is now moving towards ODF plus which involves effective management of solid and liquid waste; and adoption of zero waste principles that reduce waste and increase access to recycling and composting.
In this regard, the district administration has enlisted the support of women’s groups or Mahila Mandals and self-help groups, according to District Collector, Sandeep Kadam.
Around 4,490 women’s groups numbering about 60,000 to 70,000 women have been involved in a campaign called Mandi Vikas Abhiyan, its thrust areas being Swachhta Abhiyaan (sanitation), Beti Bachao (celebrating the girl child) and disaster management, considering the district is prone to floods, landslides, heavy snow fall and road accidents. The activity based model goes beyond lectures and identification of do’s and don’ts.
“The basic concept is to devote two hours per week on cleanliness activities,” explains the DC. As per the campaign, all Mahila Mandals are required to undertake one activity per week related to sanitation. The work involves cleaning of public places – roads, schools, toilets in schools and anganwadis, water tanks and traditional water bodies, drains, and creating soak pits for disposal of liquid waste, garbage pits, vermi-compost pits, etc.
Mandi has also developed a concept called Swachh Gram. For a gram panchayat to be called a Swachh Gram, it has to comply with eight well laid out criteria to include segregation of waste; disposal of biodegradable waste; disposal of non-biodegradable waste with the help of kabadis; encouraging people to have dustbins in cars; cleanliness of all toilets; among others.
Ever since the commencement of the Mandi Vikas Abhiyaan, nearly two lakh cleaning activities have been undertaken, and 30,000 soak pits and 15,000 garbage pits were constructed. For all these activities the district has not paid a single penny towards their costs. “It was a phenomenal show of volunteerism,” Kadam said, recalling how hard people worked to dig pits, carry stones and cement wherever necessary. Notably, many of them had even painted and decorated their work, which served as a great source of inspiration.
While interacting with families there, the DC found that neither the 60-70,000 women belonging to the Mahila Mandals or their families resorted to littering any more. They knew that if they littered, it was a member of their own family who would have to clean up. Consequently, they think twice or thrice before thrown garbage and that is evidence of actual behaviour change – a great achievement of the campaign.
Nevertheless, the real outcome of the campaign is empowerment. Kadam said that the campaign has given women an opportunity for social congregation and social interaction outside their households. He said they initially they faced huge resistance from their families and the society, having listened to several inspiring stories of how they overcame the resistance.
Further, in some places the campaign had turned into a fight against some social malaises. Take the case of the Bungrail Chowk panchayat where women started a fight against their ostracisation during their menstrual cycle when they literally became untouchables, having to stay in cowsheds during the 3-4 day period. “Women stated boldly that the practice was against personal hygiene,” the DC said.
In yet another instance, the Swachhta campaign became a war against liquor menace. During their routine cleaning of public places, women found that the biggest component of garbage collected was liquor bottles. This led to women starting the Daru-Bandiabhiyan (liquor ban) in the Sawamahu Gram Panchayat.
During the entire exercise, hundreds of women were part of a knowledge network to share updates and best practices. They learnt how to use internet and whatsapp on their mobiles o communicate with the district administration. “This particular campaign was transformed from Abhiyan to Andolan. Swachhta has become a social movement because of the participation of women,” he added.
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budgets, to mainstream sanitation in their respective sectors. At least two Ministries also organize Swachtha Pakhwadas every fortnight where they perform innovative Swachhta related activities
�� Several Inter-ministerial collaborations are underway, some of which are:
�� With Ministry of Health and Family Welfare called Swachh Swastha Sarvatra, to create Community Health Centres with the highest levels of Swachhta in each ODF block, and to prioritize GPs with such clean Primary Health Centres for making them ODF
�� With Department of School Education and Learning to introduce a chapter on sanitation in school curriculum and in co-curricular activities
�� With Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports to transform youth from NCC, NSS and NYKS into sanitation champions
�� Special initiatives like Swachh Iconic Places (SIP) for prioritizing cleanliness and safe sanitation in 100 iconic places is underway with Ministryof Culture, Ministry of Tourism and PSUs.Work at 10 of these places has begun as Phase 1, with detailed action plans being prepared for each by district authorities, local trusts and global experts
�� All villages along the banks of the Ganga are being prioritized to be made ODF by
31st March 2017
3.1.2 Provisions under Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)
The major components of the SBM (Gramin) are:-
�� Provision of Individual household latrines: Incentive of Rs. 7200/- and 4800/- for each toilet (Rs. 10800/- and Rs. 1200/- in case of North Eastern States, Jammu and Kashmir and Special category States) is given by Central and State Government respectively to BPL households and Identified Above Poverty Line (APL) households after they construct and use toilets. Other APL households are motivated to construct toilets with their own funds or by taking loans from SHGs, banks, cooperative institutions etc.
A household toilet built in Andhra Pradesh
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�� Construction of Community Sanitary Complexes (Upto 2 lakh per Community Sanitary Complex). Sharing pattern will be 60:30:10 (Centre: State: Community)
�� 5% of the district project outlay subject to maximum of Rs. 1.5 crore can be used as revolving fund including for funding the setting up of Rural Sanitary Marts/Production Centres
�� Fund for Solid and Liquid Waste Management. A cap of Rs. 7/12/15/20
lakh to be applicable for Gram Panchayats having upto 150/300/500 more than 500 households on a Centre and State /GP sharing ratio of 60:40.
�� Provision for IEC will be at 8% of total Project cost, with 3% to be utilised at the Central level and 5 % at State level
�� Provision for Administrative Cost will be 2% of the Project cost. Sharing pattern will be 60:40 between Centre and State.
3.1.3 Sanitation Coverage
A baseline survey was conducted in 2012-13 by the States/UTs, as per which, the rural sanitation coverage was 38.76%. At the launch of SBM(G) on 2ndOctober, 2014, the sanitation coverage was 42.01%. This has increased to 58.75% as on 31.12.2016. Since launch of SBM(G), there is 16.74 % increase in Sanitation Coverage.
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State/UT-wise Sanitation Coverage as on 31.12.2016 is given below:-
The Sanitation coverage in the States of Bihar, Jammu & Kashmir, Odisha, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Puducherry A & N Islands is below the national average.
3.1.4 Annual Progress Report - Physical :The annual physical progress of construction of IHHL-BPLs, IHHL-APLs , IHHL-Total and Community Sanitary complexes under the SBM(G) in the years 2015-16 and 2016-17 (upto Dec, 2016) is as below :
Year IHHL-BPLs IHHL-APLs IHHL-Total Community Sani-tary Complex
2015-16 5013160 7649564 12662724 1899
2016-17 (Upto Dec, 2016)
5153074 7590387 12743551 1327
State-wise details are at Annexure-V and VI.
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3.1.5 Annual Financial ProgressThe availability of funds under the SBM(G) in 2015-16 and 2016-17 (Upto December 2016) is as below.
(Amount in Rs. Cr.)
Year Opening Balance Release Total Expenditure2015-16 2108.84 6362.96 8468.40 9370.47
2016-17 (Upto Dec, 2016)
-886.27 7540.86 6657.17 4760.85
State-wise details are at Annexure –VII &VIII.
3.1.6 Open Defecation Free Villages, Panchayats, Blocks and Districts: Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation has issued Guidelines for Open Defecation verification vide letter No-S-11011/3/2015-SBM dated 3rd September, 2015. Total Villages, Gram Panchayats, Blocks and Districts declared ODF as on 31st December, 2016 is as under :-
ODF declared Villages ODF declared GPs ODF Declared Blocks ODF Declared District
138473 61599 790 75State-wise details is at Annexure –IX.
3.1.7 Important initiatives / activities undertaken in SBM (G) during 2016-17
(i) Workshop on Scaling Up Swachh Bharat Mission- Gramin on 8-9 April, 2016, Udaipur
In order to accelerate the implementation of the Swachh Bharat Mission- Gramin and to realize the dream of clean India, a workshop of senior- level officials of GoI and all States was organized in Udaipur, Rajasthan on the 8th/9th April,2016 under the chairmanship of Secretary- MDWS. The workshop served as a planning/stock-taking event which brought together Secretaries / Principal Secretaries, Mission Directors, ‘Champions’ and development partners, all under one roof to brainstorm on achieving Swachh
Bharat on or before 2nd October,2019. About 50 persons have participated in the Workshop. Secretary, MDWS made an opening presentation, highlighting that 13 districts had been declared ODF by then; however, there was a need to speed up work to address the remaining districts. The States outlined the districts taken up for becoming ODF in 2016-17. It was agreed that if full support is provided to these districts, many of them can achieve ODF status within a year. It was discussed that adequate funds would be provided based on performance. Also, States agreed to provide funds on priority to districts slotted for ODF in 2016-17. The issue of parked funds and need for financial streamlining was discussed.
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(ii) National Conclave of Phase-I Districts on 1-2 July, 2016 at Raipur, Chhattisgarh
Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, GoI in consultation with States have identified 171 districts that can be made Open Defecation Free (ODF) in Phase-I i.e. within the current year or by next year. The Ministry is extending all support to these districts, so that they can achieve this goal of others. A close coordination with these districts has been initiated through Video Conferencing with these Collectors along with the State Officials. These districts have also been allocated to Development Partners such as World Bank, UNICEF,Tata Trusts, Water Aid etc. for better support. Full training and funding support is also being extended to these districts.
In order to boost these districts, a two days National Conclave of Phase-I districts was held on 1-2nd July, 2016 at Raipur, Chhattisgarh. The main objective of the conclave was to share the experiences of District Magistrates/Deputy Commission/CEO Zilla Parishad and to learn from each other. It was also occasion for participants to see the Chhattisgarh Model of Community Incentive more closely. Shri Parameswaran Iyer, Secretary(DWS) said that aim of conclave is to learn from each other, discuss successful models and inspiring each other. Highlights of his address:
�� Till date, 16 districts have been declared ODF.
�� Key element of SBM(G) is to count ODF Community not toilets. 171 districts have been identified for making ODF within one year.
�� Collective Behaviour Change through field-level Triggering involving local communities, SHGs and Youth is the key.
�� Ministry is scaling up capacity building and training through Virtual Classrooms. Intensive monitoring is being done through “ODF Saturday” VCs with States and districts.
(iii) Convention of Gram Panchayats on Namami Gange on 20th August, 2016 at Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh
A Convention of Gram Panchayats was organized on 20th August 2016 at Allahabad by Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation supported by Ministry of Water Resources&Ganga Rejuvenation. The objective of the convention was to make the GPs on the bank of Ganga in the State of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal, free from open defecation and thus to contribute to the cleaning of Ganga. Approximately 2000 representatives from all 5 States participated. Ms. Uma Bharati,
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Union Minister of Water Resources, Shri Narendra Singh Tomar, Union Minister of RD, PR and DWS, Shri Ramesh Chandappa Jigajinagi, Minister of State, Drinking Water and Sanitation, Shri Shyama Charan Gupt, Member of Parliament from Allahabad, Minister Panchayati Raj and Minister Food and Civil Supply from Government of Uttar Pradesh attended the convention and addressed the Gram Panchayats representatives. Shri Parameswaran Iyer, Secretary (DWS) and senior officials of the central and State governments also participated in the convention.
The programme started with garlanding of the statue of Chandrashekhar Azad and a Swachhta pledge at Alfred Park followed by the convention at Naini, Allahabad. Ms. Uma Bharti emphasized
the task of all round cleaning of the Ganga environment of which making the Ganga bank village ODF is one most important component. Shri Narendra Singh Tomar observed that cleaning of Ganga River is a duty of everyone and it has to be done on priority. Gram Panchayats who had achieved ODF were specially recognized at the convention. The Panchayat Convention strengthened the connection between GP level leadership with the SBM and Namami Gange programmes and provided an impetus to the ODF task on the banks of Ganga.
(iv) National Workshop on ODF Verification and Financial Streamlining on 22nd
August, 2016 at Jaipur, Rajasthan
A one day national workshop on ODF verification and financial streamlining was
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organised by the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (MDWS), Government of India (GoI), supported by UNICEF, on 22 August 2016 in Jaipur. The meeting was chaired by the Secretary, Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Government of India. The workshop aimed to orient State officials including State Principal Secretaries, Mission Directors - State Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) (SBM-G), State programme officers and other stakeholders on the issues relating to Open Defecation Free (ODF) Verification and Financial Streamlining and innovations towards the same. Implementation issues under SBM-G were also discussed. States need to expedite the process of verification, and therefore need to develop simple verification mechanisms suiting to their local needs to avoid duplication of verification.
State level verification is the final stage in declaring district ODF. It was explained that ODF district is an aggregation of verified ODF villages, GPs and Blocks. For MDWS, it is the ODF village / GP which is the unit of measure, which aggregates into ODF block and district.
(v) India Sanitation Conference-2016 (Indosan-2016) on 30th September, 2016 at New Delhi
India Sanitation Conference-2016 (Indosan-2016) was organized on 30th September, 2016 at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi by the Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation and Ministry of Urban Development. The conference was inaugurated by Shri Narendra Modi, Hon’ble Prime Minister of India. The conference was attended by several Chief
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Ministers, Ministers in-charge of Urban Development and Sanitation, senior officials, elected representatives from all districts, municipal commissioners from all the AMRUT cities, NGOs and private sector. The Prime Minister also felicitated best performing districts, institutions and sanitation champions in 11 different categories for their spirited work towards ensuring cleanliness. Besides taking stock of the progress in urban and rural areas under Swachh Bharat Mission over the last two years, the commitment at the highest political level to ensure a Clean India by 2019 was renewed.
Speaking at the Conference, the Prime Minister said that while no one likes dirt or dirty surroundings, the habit of cleanliness takes some effort to develop. He said children are increasingly conscious about issues regarding cleanliness. This shows that the Swachhta Abhiyan is touching people’s lives. He added that a healthy competition is now developing among cities and towns, for promoting cleanliness.
Appreciating the media for its positive role, the Prime Minister said that if there is someone who has furthered the cause of cleanliness more than me, it is the media. The he emphasized that cleanliness is not something to be achieved by budget allocations. It is
rather, something that should become a mass movement.
Recalling Mahatma Gandhi’s Satyagraha to free us from colonial rule, the Prime Minister said that today there has to be Swachhagraha to make India free from dirt and open defecation. He said re-use and recycling have been our habits for a long time. He added that these need to be made more technology-driven.
The Prime Minister congratulated the award winners, and especially appreciated some of them for succeeding through Jan Bhagidaari.
During the day-long INDOSAN conference, various issues like behaviour change, best sanitation practices, Swachh technologies, financing Swachh Bharat Mission, inclusive sanitation, cleanliness at 100 iconic places, solid and liquid waste management have also been discussed. Cabinet Secretary Shri P.K. Sinha chaired an Inter-Ministerial Plenary Session on ‘Enhancing Convergence for Swachh Bharat Mission’.
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(vi) Women Convention o 9th November, 2016 at New Delhi
A Swachh Bharat Women’s Convention was organized on 9thNovember, 2016 at Hotel Hyatt, New Delhi in collaboration with UNICEF. The Convention was inaugurated by Smt. Sumitra Mahajan, Hon’ble Speaker, Lok Sabha. Shri Narender Singh Tomar, Hon’ble Minister, Rural Development, Panchayati Raj and Drinking Water and Sanitation and Shri Ramesh Chandappa Jigajinagi, Hon’ble Minister of State, Drinking Water and Sanitation graced the occasion. The convention was attended by Women Champions working in Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin). The Convention provided a forum for women Champions to share their experiences on various issues such as role of sanitation in women empowerment and gender equity, issues related to menstrual hygiene management, issues faced by adolescent girls, pregnant women differently-abled women etc.
(vii) National IEC Consultation on 11th November, 2016 at New Delhi
The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (MoDWS) in partnership with UNICEF organized ‘National IEC Consultation’ on Nov 11, 2016 at New Delhi. It was attended by State Principal Secretaries, Mission Directors (SBM-Gramin), SBM State Coordinators and State IEC Consultant/Officer, Development partners and other resource persons from States and Centre. The objective of the consultation was to understand the IEC perspective of each State, their approach, strategy, experiences, best practices, challenges and suggestions. The consultation was expected to provide an appropriate platform for States to discuss in detail various issues pertaining to IEC in context of additional Budget for Follow-up, triggering activities, team expansion etc. and evolve a scientific and systematic approach by consensus for enhancing the impact of IEC activities for promoting desirable behaviour change.
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Shri Parameswaran Iyer, Secretary, MoDWS presided over the Consultations. He underlined the fact that IEC had emerged as the most critical component of SBM, as its success depended on behaviour change. He asked States for judicious funds utilization in IEC to derive the maximum benefits. Shri Akshay Rout, OSD presented the National IEC/BCC Outlook and highlighted the importance of IMF (Information + Motivation + Facilitation) in bringing the desired change. He emphasized on accountability and scientific basis for IEC interventions rather than going for the easy option of generic IEC activities. Shri. Arun Baroka, Joint Secretary (SBM-G), other senior officials of the Ministry, development partners and IEC experts also shared their views. Various States and districts presented their IEC status reports and success stories. There was a consolidation of views for the next stage of IEC planning under the Mission.
(viii) Workshop on Open Defecation Free (ODF) sustainability on 22nd November, 2016 at New Delhi
Workshop on Open Defecation Free (ODF) sustainability was organized on 22nd November, 2016 at India Habitat Centre, New Delhi in collaboration with World Bank. Principal Secretaries/Secretaries in-charge of Rural Sanitation in States, District Magistrates/Deputy Commissioners and various Sanitation Experts participated in the Workshop. The workshop provided the inputs for ODF sustainability guidelines.
(ix) Swachhta Conference on 21stDecember, 2016 at Mathura
Swachhta Conference was organized on
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21st December, 2016 at Hotel Brijwasi Lands Inn, Mathura in collaboration with World Bank. Leadership and Management session was taken by Shri Shiv Khera. An interactive session was also organized with Shri Akshay Kumar, Producer-Actor. Shri Akshay Kumar is making a Bollywood film named “Toilet- Ek Prem Katha” on sanitation issues. The Conference was attended by around 70 District Collectors/CEO Zilla Parishad/CDOs wherein they shared their experiences. On 22nd December, 2016, a field visit was also organized, where construction of toilets was demonstrated.
3.2 Activities of the SBM(G) in North Eastern States3.2.1 Performance in North Eastern region Under Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin), provision of toilets has been made for rural
population in all parts of the Country. However, adequate priority is given for construction of Individual household latrines in North Eastern States. Under SBM(G), Central:State share funding pattern is 90:10 for IHHLs built in NE States.
For the year 2016-17, Rs. 1050.00 crore (10% of Total Allocation of Rs. 10500 crore) is reserved for NE States. The financial and physical progress during 2015-16 and 2016-17 (December, 2016) in North Eastern region is as given below:
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3.2.2 (a) Financial Status during 2015-16
State-wise, Opening balance, fund released and expenditure reported in NE States during 2015-16 is as under:-
Rs. In croreS.N. State Opening Balance as
on 1-4-2015Release Total Expenditure
1 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 5.15 38.71 43.86 29.22
2 ASSAM 170.96 474.27 645.23 484.35
3 MANIPUR 4.63 44.19 48.81 53.48
4 MEGHALAYA 37.75 35.65 73.40 56.13
5 MIZORAM 6.99 3.32 10.31 6.66
6 NAGALAND 19.99 10.83 30.82 28.10
7 SIKKIM 4.93 6.12 11.05 5.90
8 TRIPURA 49.76 38.89 88.66 52.89
300.15 651.99 952.14 716.73
3.2.2 (b) Financial Status during 2016-17 (till Dec. 2016)
State-wise, Opening balance, fund released and expenditure reported in NE States during 2016-17 (Upto 31-12-2016) is as under:-
Rs. in croreS.N. State Opening
Balance as on 1-4-2016
Release Total Expenditure
1 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 14.66 23.98 38.65 13.152 ASSAM 161.11 240.00 401.14 187.693 MANIPUR -4.66 27.28 22.61 3.454 MEGHALAYA 17.28 75.70 92.98 24.855 MIZORAM 3.64 10.98 14.62 1.896 NAGALAND 3.02 32.06 35.18 2.027 SIKKIM 5.15 7.04 12.19 1.098 TRIPURA 36.07 24.98 61.06 7.21Total :- 236.27 442.02 678.43 241.35
3.2.3 (a) Physical Progress : 2015-16
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S.N. State Name IHHL (BPL) IHHL (APL) IHHL Total Sanitary
Complex
1 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 15159 3974 19133 221
2 ASSAM 83811 381726 465537 52
3 MANIPUR 18250 29276 47526 6
4 MEGHALAYA 26243 17886 44129 100
5 MIZORAM 3361 2139 5500 12
6 NAGALAND 21240 1377 22617 164
7 SIKKIM 3639 68 3707 42
8 TRIPURA 13665 47487 61152 30
Total 185368 483933 669301 627
3.2.3 (b) Physical Progress : 2016-17 (Upto December 2016)
S.N. State Name IHHL (BPL) IHHL (APL) IHHL Total S a n i t a r y
Complex1 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 11560 2134 13694 662 ASSAM 62705 385516 448221 483 MANIPUR 12518 17958 30476 04 MEGHALAYA 17081 9963 27044 155 MIZORAM 1555 738 2293 96 NAGALAND 1754 152 1906 77 SIKKIM 0 0 0 08 TRIPURA 18492 10154 28646 17Total :- 125665 426615 552280 162
3.3 Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan (SCSP) and Tribal Sub Plan (TSP)3.3.1 Provision for SCs and STs
The goal of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) is to achieve universal sanitation coverage in the entire rural India by the year 2nd October, 2019. This includes provision of toilets for the entire rural population. Provisioning of sanitation facilities for Schedule Castes/Schedule Tribes is an important priority under SBM(G). Under the revised guidelines of SBM(G), provision of incentives has been widened, including APLs belonging to SC and ST categories w.e.1.4.2012.
Since 2011, 22% of the total allocation is earmarked for Schedule Caste Sub Plan(SCSP) and 10% of Total allocation for Tribal Sub Plan(TSP).
For the year 2016-17, Rs. 2310 crore (22% of total Allocation of Rs.10500 crore) was earmarked for SCs and Rs. 1050 crore (10% of total Allocation of Rs.10500 crore) was earmarked for STs. Out of this, under SCSP Rs.1556.52 crore have already been released to States, while Rs.677.16 crore have already been released to States under TSP upto
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December, 2016.
The progress achieved under SBM(G) for SCs/STs is also being monitored through the online monitoring system. Upto December, 2016, out of the total of 127.43 lakh Individual household latrines constructed during 2016-17, 21.60 lakh (16.95%) IHHLs are from SCs families and 20.77 lakh (16.30%) IHHLs are from STs Families. State-wise details are at Annexure-X.
3.4 Behaviour Change Communication (BCC)
3.4.1 Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) is an extremely important component of Rural Sanitation programme that lays the basis for successful implementation of the programme. It serves as a platform for informing, educating and persuading people to realize their roles, responsibilities and benefits accruing from investing in right sanitation practices. The best way to create impact has been to follow a holistic approach that empowers communities through participatory methodologies, which ‘trigger’ the minds of the community members to take informed decisions regarding their sanitation status. The Communication at community level can be supplemented by a mass media initiative, which focuses on changing social and cultural norms regarding open defecation and maintaining a clean environment through environment building and reminder services.
3.4.2 Ministry has come up with a sanitation hygiene and communication Strategy (SHACS) in order to provide a broad framework to the States for the implementation of IEC activities to increase awareness among rural people, generation of demand for sanitation facilities and creation of clean environment. 5% of each district project outlay including 2% for capacity building can be utilized for IEC activities aimed at generating effective demand, promoting usage and sustaining the desired behaviour in the long term. The focus of SHACSs on Inter Personal Communication (IPC) on which 60% of the IEC funds is proposed to be spent. CLTS training as a technical communication and a cadre of motivators as the ground force to trigger behaviour change are seen as key components of IEC in the SBM context. The approach in the implementation of IEC has been to go for local specific innovation, a high range of community engagement, intra-State and inter-State learning and replication from good practices.
3.4.3 Regular cleanliness Campaigns are being organized. Massive media campaigns have been organized at National level using Audio Visual (TV) and Audio (Radio). Shri Amitabh Bachchan and Shri Sachin Tendulkar have been roped into the campaign besides other celebrities and icons from various walks of life. Social media is being used extensively. There is a national Swachh Bharat Group on Hike App, with representatives from
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all the States and selected districts. There is also a Phase 1 collectors WhatsApp group which is actively used to share happenings on the field across the country on a daily basis. The Ministry also actively uses social media platforms, such as Twitter (@swachbharat), Facebook (facebook.com/sbmgramin) and YouTube (tinyurl.com/sbmgramin).The website of the Ministry (www.mdws.gov.in) has also been upgraded as a medium for real-time cross sharing of best practices.Through a national IEC Consultation and other workshops, efforts have been made to maximize the benefits from IEC interventions and the funds meant for this purpose. Corporates, civil society organisations and other Ministries and departments have joined in SBM
awareness efforts in good measure
3.5 Inter Ministry & Inter-sector collaboration
3.5.1 Swachh Iconic Places(SIP)
As part of the Government’s efforts to achieve a clean India by 2019, and under the vision of the Honourable Prime Minister, the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation is coordinating a high priority multi-stakeholder initiative to clean up 100 historic, cultural and religious sites in the country under a programme named Swachh Iconic Places (SIP).
The initiative is being initially implemented in ten places. These are: Vaishno Devi (J&K), Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus in Mumbai (Maharashtra), Taj Mahal (UP),
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Manikarnika Ghat in Varanasi (UP), Tirupati Temple (AP), Golden Temple (Punjab), Ajmer Sharif (Rajasthan), Meenakshi Temple (TN), Kamakhya Temple (Assam) and Jagannath Puri (Odisha). Convergence is being done with key Ministries/Departments such as Urban Development, Culture, and Tourism for prioritising cleanliness and safe sanitation in these iconic places. An element of technical expertise has been obtained from the World Bank. The MDWS is constantly coordinating with the stakeholders through workshops, meetings and consultative sessions in the Ministry and at State level to expedite the process of implementation of work plan submitted by the States for each of these iconic sites. Ten identifies PSUs are supporting the programmes at various locations through their CSR.
3.5.2 Namami Gange
Namami Ganga is the umbrella programme coordinated by the Ministry
of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation. The programme involves multiple Ministries mainly Ministry of Urban Development and Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (since checking of source pollution and checking industrial pollution are the major components). A major role of Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation is to prioritize the villages on Ganga bank and work with States for making them free from Open Defecation as part of SBM (G). It is also to take up requisite amount of SLWM work in these villages with due support from MoWR.
In the 5 riparian States of the Ganga i.e. Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and West Bengal, 1651 GPs in 251 Block of 52 Districts have been identified as being adjoining the River Ganga. These GPs comprise of 5169 villages in all, of which 4282 villages are directly adjoining the Ganga, which have been prioritized to achieve ODF status. As per Baseline survey conducted by
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States in 2012-13, 15,18,649 households in these GPs did not have toilets. Of these, a total of 830393 (54.68%)individual toilets have been constructed upto 31.12.2016. As far as achievement of ODF is concerned, of the 4282 villages, 2658 (62.07%) villages are ODF. Also in 10 districts, all villages on the banks of Ganges have been declared ODF. States are taking efforts to make these villages ODF by March 2017. The MDWS requires Rs. 1421.26 crore for this work. So far Rs. 578 crore have been transferred to the MDWS, which in turn has been passed on to these five States.
A series of measures have been taken/are being taken to expedite work-
�� MDWS has nominated a nodal officer (OSD) to prioritize this work.
�� The youth have been involved actively in Namami Gange through Collaboration with D/o Youth Affairs and Nehru Yuva Kendras.
�� Capacity building-
�� Collectors of these districts are being trained by GoI. Of the 52 districts, Collectors of 42 districts have been trained so far, and the rest are being prioritized for training.
�� These districts are being imparted further trainings in Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) through virtual class rooms. Virtual classroom trainings have been held for Bihar, UP and West Bengal
�� Close coordination with these States
and districts through regular Video Conferences and field visits.
�� Collaboration is also done with development partners such as World Bank, UNICEF etc. to closely support these districts.
�� A multiple system of verification has been initiated to make sure that the ODF implementation is of due quality
�� States which have achieved ODF in Namami Gange villages are being asked to focus on SLWM projects.
�� Regular meetings are being held with senior-most levels of MoWR for optimum coordination
3.5.3 Swachhta Action Plan(SAP)
In line with the vision of the Prime Minister, the Committee of Secretaries(CoS) under the chairmanship of Cabinet Secretary on 25thOctober 2016 recommended that the Swachhta action Plan(SAP) needs to be prepared for each Ministry. The basic objective of this exercise is to integrate Swachhta with the core activities of Ministries and provide a longer planning and implementation horizon to the Swachhta related schemes and plans of these ministries along with a budget line. An extensive exercise was conducted by the MDWS where five teams visited around 50 Ministries to facilitate the preparation of these SAPs. The preparation of SAPs was closely monitored by the MDWS and later 50 SAPs received from various Ministries
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and Departments were presented to CoS which had the following features:
�� Sanitation Action Plan (SAP) contained appropriate budget proposals.
�� Each Ministry/Department has fixed clear goals and mile stones for next two years and SAPs are prepared accordingly.
�� Swachhta elements are identified in schemes/projects of each Ministry along with earmarked budget provisions.
The Ministries have shown keen interest and enthusiasm in preparation of their action plans. Most of the activities included in SAPs are innovative and have pan India appeal. After receiving further inputs from CoS, the Ministry organised a consultative workshop for all Ministries to further improve the SAPs submitted by them and ensure effective implementation of activities indicated by the Ministries in their action plans. Swachhta Action Plan carries the potential of fully mainstreaming Swachhta in all aspects of government’s working and holds the promise of a range of sanitation interventions.
3.5.4 Swachhta Pakhwada (SP)
The Swachhta Pakhwada initiative was envisaged by the Prime Minister to keep the Swachh Bharat Mission momentum continuing throughout the year, with the government sector leading by example. The initiative was launched in April 2016,
and revamped in June 2016. Following the revamp, there has been a rationalization of the Pakhwada Calendar, an upgrade in the quality of events held by the Ministries and higher dissemination of activities undertaken.
The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (MDWS), as the nodal Ministry for Swachhta Pakhwada has taken innovative steps to ensure that the reach of cleanliness drives go beyond the corridors of the Ministry’s Secretariats. The Ministries observing Pakhwada are monitored closely using online monitoring system of Swachhta Samiksha where action plans, images, videos related to Swachhta activities are uploaded and shared. Recently Swachhta Samiksha was integrated with the MyGov Portal which further enhanced the visibility of Pakhwada activities. Pakhwada initiatives are also disseminated through Press Conferences conducted by Ministers and Secretaries along with social media outlets like twitter, face book pages of the Ministries celebrating Pakhwada. An end of Pakhwada report is submitted every month to Cabinet Secretary who keeps reviewing the implementation from time to time.
The Pakhwada Calendar for the year 2017(January-December) has been launched along with the set of consolidated instructions to the ministries. The action plans uploaded by the Ministries reflect that the activities undertaken during Swachhta Pakhwada have pan India
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coverage and efforts are made by the Ministries to reach to the masses during their cleanliness fortnights. A more systematic effort by all participating Ministries and involvement of all senior formations is discernible in observance of Pakhwadas. Secretary MDWS and OSD MDWS constantly monitor and coordinate with other Ministries for successful implementation of Swachhta Pakhwada.
3.5.5 Zila Swachh Bharat Prerak (ZSBP)
The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation in its dual role as the overall coordinating Ministry for the Swachh Bharat Mission and as the executing Ministry of SBM-G, is seeking to harness
all energies and resources in the country to deliver on the goals of a Swachh Bharat by 2019 in line with the Hon’ble Prime Minister’s vision of transforming the Mission into a Jan Andolan.
As the districts and States continue to make strides towards becoming ODF, they require sustained support. In an effort to help strengthen the capacities at the districts and provide them technical and management support, the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation in partnership with the Tata Trusts has decided to offer a cadre of skilled young professionals to work as Zila Swachh Bharat Preraks (ZSBPs), one in each district, across the country, at no cost to
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the State government or the district.
The role of these young ZSBPs will be to support the district officials to implement SBM-G by coordinating the various SBM-G related activities. She/he is being intended to be the key personnel for the Collector/CEO/CDO/DDO with respect to SBM-G implementation. In addition to the wider benefits of engaging smart minds in the Mission, this will also ensure a structured integration of youth in the programme and bring in fresh ideas, energy and enthusiasm to the Mission, and help accelerate the path to an ODF India. These personnel will be deployed in phases in about three months’ time. They will be given thorough training in SBM related issues, particularly on community
approach and behavior change etc. before they take up their assignments.
This initiative was officially launched at an event on 16thDecember, 2016 in New Delhi in the presence of the Minister for RD PR and DWS Shri Narendra Singh Tomar, Chairman, Tata Trusts Shri Ratan Tata, CEO Niti Aayog Shri Amitabh Kant, Secretary, MWCD Smt. Leena Nair and Secretary, MDWS Shri Parameswaran Iyer. Prominent stakeholders of SBM from the corporate world, the States and districts, the Development partners and the media took part in the event.
3.5.6 Swachh Swastha Sarvatra (SSS)
Swachh Swastha Sarvatra (SSS), an inter-Union Ministerial joint initiative
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between the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation and the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare was launched on 29thDecember, 2016 in New Delhi. The Union Minister of Health and Family, Shri J.P.Nadda, Union Minister of Human Resource Development, Shri Prakash Javadekar, Secretary, Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation and Secretary, Ministry of Health and Family were present at the launch event along with other dignitaries and grassroots leaders, which commemorated Good Governance Day 2016. The objective of the ‘Swachh Swastha Sarvatra’ initiative is to build on and leverage achievements of two complementary programmes- Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) and Kayakalp of the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation and Ministry of Health and Family Welfare respectively. Another joint initiative, ‘Swastha Bacche Swastha
Bharat’ between Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and the Ministry of Human Resource Development was also launched on the occasion. Selected Community Health Centres (CHCs) in the over 700 ODF Blocks are to be provided Rs.10 lakhs by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MHFW) for enabling them to move to the next higher level of Swachhta parameters. MDWS will prioritize the Gram Panchayats in which the district level award winning 670 PHCs are located for achieving Open Defecation Free status in the financial year 2017-18. MDWS will also organize training of about 1400 Health Officials (CHCs/PHCs) from the above two categories through UNICEF support.
3.6 Convergence of SBM(G) with other Schemes
Under SBM(G) it has now been envisaged
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that the sanitation programme would be implemented in a campaign approach to cover the entire community for saturated outcomes with a view to create Open Defecation Free (ODF) Villages. This new approach recognizes that provision of sanitation facilities has multifaceted dimensions ranging from creating sanitation infrastructure with a variety of technology options to software activities like motivating communities for demand generation for toilets through intensive IEC and capacity building programmes. The Government of India has already taken a decision to prioritise all Centrally Sponsored Schemes in ODF Villages. Similarly, the State Government can take policy decision regarding prioritizing State Government’s schemes in ODF village.
Closer involvement of the Education Department and Woman and Child Development Departments is essential. Regular discussions in the meetings of Village
Education Committee and Parent Teacher Association about the maintenance of school and anganwadi toilets and regular discussions in schools by teachers with children on sustaining ODF activities ensures an effective sustainability approach.
The District Administration holding regular meetings with Nigrani committees/Natural leaders/Panchayat representatives who have played critical role in making the village ODF, involving them in various development activities, felicitating publically Swachhata Champions and instituting award schemes for villages that sustain ODF status is the key to a sustainable ODF community.
3.6.1 Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) Of Ministry of Women and Child Development
Considering the close linkages between provision of safe drinking water, good sanitation
Hon’ble MOS(DWS), Shri Ramesh C. Jigajinagi interacting with School Children on Safe Sanitation & Hygiene Practices.
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and child health, the Ministry of Women and Child Development and Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation are making efforts at the Central and State level for greater inter-sectoral convergence of the programmes of MW&CD and MDWS.
With the launch of SBM(G) on 2nd October, 2014, Anganwadi toilets are to be provided by MW&CD with Anganwadi Sevika/Helpers being used as Motivators.
Hon’ble MOS (DWS), Shri Ramesh C. Jigajinagi interacting with School Children on Safe Sanitation & Hygiene practices.
3.6.2 Areas of convergence with Ministry of Rural Development (MRD)
MDWS has undertaken convergence initiatives with schemes of Mahatma Gandhi Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), Indira Awas Yojana (IAY) implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development.
The components of SBM(G) include Solid and Liquid Waste Management in convergence with the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), wherever feasible.
Meghalaya’s Umthli village focuses on community cleaning
It is 7 a.m. on a Saturday morning and the alarm goes off. This is no ordinary alarm. It is a wake-up call with a special tune that is played on a public address system. A call for the residents of Umthli Village (Khatarshnong Laitkroh Block) located in the East Khasi Hill District of Meghalaya. The tune summons the entire community to participate in an hour-long weekly cleaning exercise.
Within minutes, house doors fling open, and families, including children, women and men rush out, armed with brooms and other cleaning gear. The practice of weekly community cleaning has been followed for quite some time here, resulting in spick and span surroundings that everyone is proud to call their village. Umthli is a model village and has 300 households. The primary source of livelihood of these families is farming and construction. Every house in this village has clean backyards and surroundings, and boasts of storm and waste-water drains with proper slopes.
The people of Umthli ensure that cleanliness is maintained in the village on a regular basis and its importance is not forgotten. While children make sure that trash is not littered around, the women continue to share the responsibility by monitoring cleanliness drives.
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As per the Cabinet Approval for Swachh Bharat Mission, 2 crore toilets are to be constructed under MGNREGS/IAY. Only 15.81 lakh toilets have been constructed upto December, 2016 under MGNREGS.
3.6.3 Convergence with NRDWP
It is clear that availability of water is required to keep the toilets clean and usable. Provisioning of assured and sustainable water supply not only facilitates toilet construction and usage, but also goes a long way in incentivizing and motivating people to adopt good sanitation practices including hand washing before and after meals, post defecation, as also maintaining cleanliness and proper hygiene within and outside houses.
Thus, availability of enough water for sanitation purposes needs to be taken into account on priority. A conjoint approach to water and sanitation is being adopted through convergence with the National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) and the SBM(G). Villages which have been verified for ODF are given priority for Piped Water Schemes under NRDWP.
3.6.4 Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment to address manual scavenging
With the promulgation of the Employment of Manual Scavengers and Construction of Dry latrines (Prohibition) Act, 1993, the construction and maintenance of dry latrines and employing someone as a
manual scavenger has been prohibited. The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment is the nodal Ministry monitoring the implementation of the Act. The Census 2011 has reported existence of 12.76 lakh insanitary latrines in the country, out of which 5.86 lakh dry latrines reportedly cleaned manually in the rural areas of the country.
As per revised SBM(G) guidelines any existing bucket latrines, if any, has to be converted to sanitary latrines. The incentive available to the beneficiary for this is identical to that of the construction of individual house hold latrines. States have been requested to take steps for conversion of existing bucket or dry latrines into sanitary latrines on a priority basis in all the villages where insanitary latrines exist and manual scavenging has been reported in Census 2011.
States have carried out a Survey on this and they have reported conversion of 1,82,138 insanitary latrines to sanitary latrines upto 31.12.2016.
3.7 Monitoring and Evaluation (M & E) under SBM(G)
3.7.1 The Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation has developed a comprehensive system of monitoring the implementation and impact of the Programme including utilization of funds, through Periodical Progress Reports, Performance Review Committee meetings, Area Officer’s Scheme, District Level Monitoring and Vigilance and
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Monitoring Committees at the State/District Level. Besides, the States have been advised to adopt a five-pronged strategy consisting of (i) creation of awareness about the schemes, (ii) transparency, (iii) People’s participation, (iv) accountability/ social audit and (v) strict vigilance and monitoring at all levels. These measures are to help in maximum utilization of funds under the rural development schemes.
3.7.2 Comprehensive web-based online monitoring systems for SBM(G) are in place. The Online Monitoring System of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) is being strengthened for entering households level data gathered from the Baseline Survey. This is an attempt to begin household level monitoring of the sanitation coverage and increase transparency. Further to keep pace with the modern IT tools, provision is now available to send automatic reminders on identified dates to State Secretaries and SBM(G) Coordinators of each district to report physical and financial progress by the due dates. Provision has also been made to issue SMSs to field functionaries and State Secretaries on group messages to be sent through online monitoring system. An online automated sms system to communicate with beneficiaries and an online complaint redressal system is being put in place. A Mobile application for uploading photographs of toilets constructed after 2nd October 2014 has been launched. The photographs are geo- tagged.
3.7.3 A module for monitoring ODF is also available on the IMIS. Further, the IMIS provides for a module, whereby, the States/districts can transfer incentive fund directly to the community as a whole, as per the flexibility provided to the States. A dashboard has been designed that reflects real time data on SBM progress on it (sbm.gov.in/sbmd). A mobile application called SwachhApp, containing beneficiary-level data from all villages of the country is available on Android and iOS. Citizens can also rank villages on Swachhta on the SwachhApp.
3.7.4 Village Swachhata Index has been defined to measure the cleanliness level of villages. This includes factors like access to safe toilets and also whether there is visible cleanliness around households and public places. This is measured by determining the % of households having access to safe toilets, % of households having no litter around them, % of houses having no stagnant waste water around them and % of public places having no litter around them. The public places include schools, anganwadis, hospitals, etc. The IMIS enables villages to determine their own Village Swachhta Index in a Gram Sabha and take steps to improve their cleanliness level.
3.7.5 A dashboard has been developed for the Members of Parliament, to help them track the status of water and sanitation in their constituencies. This will be launched by 1st February, 2017.
3.7.6 Periodic review meetings are conducted
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to review the physical and financial progress in the implementation of schemes in all the States. Beside review meetings, regular video conferences are also organized to review progress of SBM (G) and to suggest corrective measures wherever required to achieve physical and financial objectives. National Level Monitors (NLM) are also being instituted to carry out sample based primary field assessments of water and sanitation parameters for the MDWS. An Independent Verification Agency (IVA) is also being hired to carry out sample based checks of sanitation coverage and ODF status across the country.In addition to these, senior officers from GoI regularly visit the States lagging behind in the pace of implementation of the scheme to expedite their implementation so as to achieve the project objectives within the stipulated period. Some of these visits are in the form of state Missions with multiple teams of senior officers from MDWS visiting multiple districts.
3.7.7 In order to get a quick feedback on innovations in addressing various implementation challenges, Rapid Action and Learning Unit (RALU) has been constituted at the National level and similar RALUs are being constituted at the State levels. The RALUs are small, flexible and specialized units to provide advice on corrective action and to upscale good practices. They are also to find quick and effective solutions and develop, share and spread those based on actual working in the field.
3.8 Human Resource Development (HRD)
3.8.1 Water and Sanitation Support Organizations (WSSOs) have been set up at the State level to provide capacity building support to various levels for the implementation of the programme. The Communication and Capacity Development Unit (CCDU) which function under the Water and Sanitation Support organization develops communication campaigns for the State, and districts focusing on critical messages to change the behaviour of communities.
3.8.2 Implementation of the new programme requires renewed emphasis on capacity building, both of the programme managers as well as the implementers in the field. The State and district officials, especially the Collectors/CEOs of Zilla Panchayats (district level local government body) need to be trained in the various approaches, especially community approaches and triggering for collective behaviour change. This has been started through a series of workshops for the Collectors (the key district level official) -and more than one-third Collectors have already been trained so far through the Central Government. Besides, workshops are being carried out at the State and regional levels for expanding these capacities. The elected representatives are also being involved in various orientation/training programmes. Cross visits between different districts is also being organized. In order to ensure sustained
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engagement of trained motivators, appropriate incentive mechanisms to link their work with outcomes are also being put into place by several States.
3.8.3 CLTS trainings have been imparted to groups of field level motivators and district functionaries through Virtual Classrooms, with each training being imparted in parallel to several districts. The first pilot was organized in Gujaratwith two districts being connected simultaneously to a central trainer in Ahmedabad with the support of the Tata Trusts. On successful completion of this pilot, the model was
jointly rolled out to districts along the banks of the Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal, and also districts in Mizoram and Punjab.
3.8.4 13 Training programme for District Magistrate/Deputy Commissioner/CEOs Zila Parishad on Swachh Bharat Mission was organized during 2016-17. 339 DMs/DCs/CEOs Zila Parishad from various States participated wherein strategies and action Plans were discussed and formulated to attain Open Defecation Free status by 2nd October, 2019. The details is as under:-
Sl No Date Number of Participants Venue1 4-5th April, 2016 24 IIPA, New Delhi2 12-13th May, 2016 25 IIPA, New Delhi3 16 – 17th May, 2016 15 IIPA, New Delhi4 20-21st June, 2016 28 IIC, New Delhi5 18-19th July, 2016 49 IIC, New Delhi6 16 -17th August,2016 15 IIC, New Delhi7 30-31st August, 2016 29 IIC, New Delhi8 26-27thSeptember, 2016 21 IIC, New Delhi9 20-21st October, 2016 27 IIC, New Delhi10 24-25th October, 2016 24 IIC, New Delhi11 7-8th November,2016 29 IIC, New Delhi12 15-16th November, 2016 22 IIC, New Delhi13 19-20th December,2016 31 IIC, New Delhi TOTAL 339
3.8.5 In order to replicate the necessary skills, certain organizations, as recommended by the State Governments, are being empanelled as the Key Resource Centres (KRCs) and given the necessary orientation, so that they in turn, can scale up the capacity building programme in the respective States. The work of these KRCs is being streamlined, and better coordination attempted between them, and the States. A mechanism is also being put in place to ensure that these trainings have appropriate forward linkages that result in up-scaling of capacities, engagement of trained personnel, and their appropriate utilization. The Following other training/Workshops have been organized during 2016-17:-
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Other Trainings/Conclaves/Events
Sl No Name of the Training Date Venue No of Participants
1 Training to the Probationers of LBSNAA
7-8th May,2016 Mussorrie 180
2 Virtual Trainings – Covering 44 Districts and 5 States
April – November, 2016 44 Districts/5 States
2309
3 Orientation to the State and District Officials of A& Nicobar , UT on SBM-G
19-20th November,2016 Port Blair 30
6 State Level workshop - Jharkhand
14th September, 2016 Ranchi 300
Mother-in-law gifts toilet to her daughter-in-lawWhen Shajahan’s marriage was arranged, his mother Shamshun decided to have a toilet constructed in their home so that her daughter-in-law, Shalma, did not have to suffer like she did.
“I never had access to a toilet in my father’s home, nor in my in-laws’ home,” said Shamshun, remembering the difficulties she had to endure while defecating in the open. “I cannot even talk about the monsoon months and the hardships that the season represented for us women – to answer nature’s call,” said Shamshun. In Gram Panchayat Bollavaram of Guntur district, where Shamshun lives with her family, defecating in the open was a common practice until eight months ago. For residents, it meant walking long distances for relieving themselves.
To her, it was even more humiliating when several of her relatives who visited her home never stayed longer than 12 hours owing to the discomfort of defecating in the open. It was particularly shameful for her when a relative of hers who was visiting from Dubai declined her invitation to stay overnight at her home because of the absence of a toilet.
When Shamshun heard that the Swachh Bharat Mission was being implemented in her village, she attended the meetings conducted by the district administration and decided to have a toilet built, using the incentive provided under the scheme. “I gathered all the information I could about the construction and disbursement of incentive amount through installments,” she said.
In addition, Shamshun put in Rs. 4,000 from her own side and got the toilet construction completed well before her son’s wedding. The entire family uses the facility now. Moreover, with Shalma pregnant today, Shamshun wants to be extra careful about hygiene and safety.
“I do not want to put her health at risk,” says Shamshun. Now she is planning to ask Shalma’s parents to construct a toilet as well, for the convenience and health of Shalma and the entire family.
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3.9 Research and Development (R & D) 3.9.1 To further Research & Development in the field of Sanitation, 100% funding to research
organizations including NGOs is given by the Central Government. A Research Advisory Committee under the Chairpersonship of Secretary (DWS) has been constituted primarily to promote research and development activities for the Sanitation. The major areas for Research & Development in sanitation include technological and programmatic area.
3.9.2 To strengthen the R&D facilities in the concerned Departments in various States, State Governments are encouraged to establish R&D cells with adequate manpower and infrastructure. R&D Cells are required to remain in touch with premier Technical Institutions within the State. The network of Technical Institutions may follow the guidelines issued by the Ministry from time to time for effective implementation of the rural sanitation programme. R&D Cells are also required to be in constant touch with the Monitoring & Investigation divisions and the Monitoring & Evaluation Study Reports for initiating appropriate follow up action.
The list of R & D projects approved during 2016-17 under the SBM (G) are as under:-
S.No Name of Project Name of Institution Status1. Study on the enhancement
of the efficiency of Biomethonization plant using Cow Dung, Kitchen waste, food waste and human waste.
Society for Community Organization and People’s Education, Thiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Interim report submitted on 09.04.16 and project under progress .To be completed by 25th April.2017
2. A study on the construction of low cost hygienic rural toilet using prefabricated structure made up on waste plastic stone block (Plastone)
Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, Tamil Nadu
Interim report submitted on 10.08.16 and project under progress to be completed by 01.12.16.
3. Making Sanitation and toilets inclusive for persons with disability in India. A study with special reference to Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.
Society for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies
Draft report submitted on dated 18.07.16. After examining the report a letter issued on dated 29.09.16 to re-submit the draft project report after rectifying the information in the letter
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S.No Name of Project Name of Institution Status4. Development of appropriate
rural sanitation the sludge treatment
Sri Sai Ram Engineering College,
Letter issued on dated12.09.16 to submit the interim report and other related report.
Project under progress .To be completed by 28th August 2017
5. Phytoremediation of water through wet land development in Rural habitation, Mubarakpur (Haryana)
IIT Delhi As per request of Dr. Anushree Malik, Secretary MDWS granted the Extension of time till 30th September 2016.
The final report is Submitted from the PI.
6. R&D project stabilization of ponds in Anand District, Gujarat by Rural Development foundation, Anand, Gujarat. F.No. W-11042/46/2013-NBA.
Shri. Pranay Shukla
Rural Development Foundation, Anand, Gujarat
Interim reports submitted on dated 28.08.15, after examining the project proposal, certain observation were conveyed to the firm for clarification. The clarification so submitted by the agency did not find satisfying latest reminder issued on dated 5th September 2016. Reply of the MDWS letter has been received, but which is not satisfactory.
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Sh. Narendra Singh Tomar, Hon’ble Minister for RD, PR & DWS with Sh. Ramesh C. Jigajinagi, Hon’ble MOS (DWS), during Stakeholder’s Consultation Workshop on ‘Har Ghar Jal’ in New Delhi.
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4.1 Review Meetings with State Ministers and Secretaries Conference
�� National Workshop for review of NRDWP and brainstorming for its reforms at Vigyan Bhawan was held carried on 09.09.2016 and 10.09.2016. The Secretary (DWS) has chaired the same. Officers of the ministry and Principal Secretaries / Secretaries / Chief Engineers from all the States had participated in the workshop and discussed various issues for progressing the implementation of NRDWP. In the meeting, the proposed changes in the NRDWP guidelines have also being deliberated.
�� National Consultation on Reforms in Rural Piped Drinking Water Supply has been held on 10.11.2016 in the ministry wherein State governments, external institution and development partners have deliberated the issues.
�� One to One consultation with each State is continuing since 24.10.2016 to (a) assess the requirements of funds to cover
rEviEW MEEtingS/iMPortAnt ConfErEnCES/ExhibitionS4
entire rural population with pipe water supply and (b) to understand the existing strategy in terms of O&M, replacement of infrastructure after completion of designed life, tariff collection, various type of sustainability. This is to make strategic plan of rural water supply in present scenario.
�� National Workshop on Stakeholder’s consultation on ‘Har Ghar Jal’ was held on 03.01.2017 which aims to provide house hold connections to each house which may require investment of around Rs. 5 lakh crores.
4.2 Information & Communication Technology (ICT) Initiatives
4.2.1 Ministry’s Website
Website of Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation has been designed, developed and maintained with the help of NIC as per GIGW (Guidelines for Indian Government Website) standards. This website has information of ministry‘s guidelines, letters, circulars, a citizen’s
68
corner and includes Archival features. All the circulars issued to States and important information for citizens are being uploaded on website. The information on website is categorized as:-
(i) Document and Reports.
(ii) Events.(iii) Tenders.(iv) Letters and
Circulars(v) Publications(vi) Recruitment(vii) Other Programme
related links
One of the salient features of the website is the Innovations portal in which citizens can showcase Innovations, Products and Technologies and apply for accreditation. Another important section is the Public Grievances portal in which citizens can register their grievances related to Drinking water and sanitation, which are automatically redirected to the concerned field official for redressal.
69
The following ICT initiative were taken by Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation in collaboration with NIC, to improve efficiency and transparency in work.
1. Implementation of e-Office solution – eFile movement, eLeave and eTour and Knowledge Management modules , Inventory , eVisitor
2. Regular Video Conferences with State line departments and implementing agencies to monitor programme implementation and impart training to District Collectors, filed level officials and staff by experts on various subjects like Community Led Total Sanitation, Use of IMIS and Knowledge Management system, to name a few.
3. Implementation of eProcurement system within the ministry and it all the line department of States
4. Implementation of Grievances monitoring system in water and sanitation sector using web based and mobile applications
5. Using of ICT in meetings, seminars and national workshops etc.
6. Leveraging ICT in Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin (SBM-G) and Rural Drinking Water Programme
Leveraging ICT in Drinking Water Programme
The Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) facilitates the Ministry and the line departments to monitor the coverage status of rural habitations and population with potable drinking water. The system has details of 16 lakh+ habitations and more than 60
lakh drinking water supply schemes which includes both Piped Water Supply schemes, stand posts/taps and spot sources like open wells, hand pumps etc. The status of Quality affected habitations and population and its coverage with safe potable water is regularly monitored on this platform. The system also provides a platform to the district and block water testing laboratories to upload the water sample test reports. An average of 35 lakh test reports are uploaded annually. Some of the salient features of the system are listed below.`
�� Provides near to real time coverage status of a particular habitation available with water supply assets created within that habitation and their functionality status, thereby promoting transparency.
�� Allows viewing of the quality status of a source to find out if safe potable water is available in a particular habitation
�� Facilitates the monitoring of the covered habitations which have slipped back to uncovered status again
�� Helps in elimination of repeated investments in some habitations while other uncovered / difficult habitations remain deprived.
�� Achieves high transparency through user-friendly reports available in public domain.
70
�� Creates an interaction between the government and the PRIs as both can monitor the community-based programs and the status of water supply assets handed over to the PRIs
Figure below shows a screen shot of the IMIS
4.2.2 Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) –Management Information System (MIS)
The Ministry has deployed a comprehensive and robust online monitoring system for SBM-G. Household level data with respect to sanitation facilities of all Gram Panchayats in the country is made available on the MIS by State Governments on the basis of Baseline Survey of 2012-13.
The main focus of MIS is to track the toilet construction and its usage. The MIS is also being upgraded to enable reporting of creation of ODF communities and their sustenance as well. The system enables
the Centre, State, District, Block and Gram Panchayat to monitor the progress of construction of toilets for Individual household and community sanitary complexes.
SBM-G MIS captures the household data of over 18 crore households as per the baseline survey. Individual mobile number is used to generate SMS once the construction of toilet is reported on online system. Beneficiary can revert back / reply through SMS on whether toilet has been constructed in his/her house.
SBM-G dashboard has also been
71
developed to monitor the programme implementation at National, State and District level progress/coverage in graphical view with various KPIs for tracking IHHL and ODF status. This also shows the progress of the program on the interactive maps since its launch.
Figure shows snapshot of the SBM-G dashboard
4.2.3 Design/ Development/Implementation of Mobile Applications
i) SwachhApp and mobile technology in SBM-G
A Mobile application (SwachhApp) has been developed for tracking the current sanitation status up to village level along with details of beneficiaries. Mobile App is used for tracking real time sanitation coverage in percentage, number of open defecation free villages, and list of beneficiaries in each village. This App is also being used to rate the village based on cleanliness and SLWM index developed by the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation. This mobile app is capable of running on all the mobiles (Android / Windows / iOS based devices).
SMS and email automation is also used
to generate daily basis SMS alerts and sent to Ministry officials for monitoring of daily MPR reported individual household’s data along with number of IHHL toilet photographs uploaded of IHHL toilet constructed through mSBM app. The system facilitates the uploading of photographs of toilets using mobile application (both online and offline mode along with latitude – longitude & usage of toilets).So far more than 60 lakhs photographs of toilets constructed have been uploaded by mobile users using mobile applications. SMS based grievance redressal and citizen information services are available for citizens to lodge grievances, seek beneficiary feedback, capture data on toilet usage, and promote demand generation.
72
ii) Mobile App for Rural Water Sector (mRWS)
A Mobile application (mRWS) has been developed for capturing the GPS co-ordinates of Rural Water Supply assets and their functionality status.This mobile app is capable of running on all the mobiles (Android / Windows / iOS based devices). Apart from giving real time functionality status of water supply schemes this app can also be used for capturing photographs and locations of scheme assets at different stages of development for ongoing water supply schemes and the stages of physical completion.
Screen shot of web interface for technical support to users of mRWS app.
The data received though this app is directly updated on the online database. The same has been provided on GIS interface. Screen shot below shows the GPS data for a mega Water Supply scheme in Tamil Nadu.
73
4.2.4 Other NEW INITIATIVES
i) Implementation of Bio-Metric attendance system
ii) Innovations portal
The Ministry has developed and deployed a portal for Innovations in rural water and sanitation domain. It captures both technological and process innovations and has a work flow based approval
process. The application also integrates the process of approval by the Mashelkar Committee and has proved to be of immense utility for the capturing and dissemination of innovative technology and processes. Till September 2016, a total of 48 technologies have been accredited by the Mashelkar Committee and 39 proven technologies have been approved by the Ministry for the water and sanitation domain.
Screen shot of the portal
74
75
ADMiniStrAtion55.1 OrganisationThe Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation was created as separate Ministry on 13th July, 2011 Ministry is headed by Union Minister and is assisted by Minister of State, Secretary, Additional Secretary, two Joint Secretaries, DDG (Statistics) & Economic Adviser.
Shri Narendra Singh Tomar assumed charge as the Minister of Rural Development, Ministry of Panchayati Raj and Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation on 06.07.2016.
Shri Ramesh C. Jigajinagi assumed charge as the Minister of State for Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation on 06.07.2016.
Shri Parameswaran Iyer, took over the charge of the post of Secretary, Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation w.e.f.01.03.2016.
Shri Saraswati Prasad, IAS (AM:85) took over the charge of the post of Additional Secretary in the Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation w.e.f. 23.12.2015 and relieved of charge w.e.f 27.01.2017.
Shri Arun Baroka, IAS (AGMUT:90) took over the charge of the post of Joint Secretary in the Ministry
of Drinking Water & Sanitation w.e.f. 01.06.2016
Shri Satyabrata Sahu, IAS (OR:91) took over the charge of the post of Joint Secretary in the Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation w.e.f. 20.05.2013 .
Shri Samir Kumar, IES (1995) took over the charge of the post of Economic Adviser in Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation w.e.f. 03.06.2016.
Shri Hiranya Borah, ISS (1985) took over the charge of the post of Deputy Director General (Statistics) in Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation w.e.f. 28.06.2016.
The Sanctioned strength of regular posts in the Ministry is 136 (Annexure IV) &Organizational Chart is at Annexure I
Reservation for SCs, STs & OBCsThe guidelines laid down by M/o Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensionsand the M/o Social Justice & Empowerment relating to reservation of SCs, STs & OBCs in services & related matters are being followed by this Ministry. The number of employees belonging to SCs, STs & OBCs are given in Table:
76
TableANNUAL STATEMENT SHOWING THE REPRESENTATION OF SCs,STs AND OBCs AS ON FIRST JANUARY OF THE YEAR AND NUMBER OF APPOINTMENT MADE DURING THE PRECEEDING CALENDAR YEAR 2016.
MINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER & SANITATIONRepresentation of SCs/STs/
OBCs (As on 1-1-2017)Number of appointments made during the calendar year 2016
By Direct Recruitment By Promotion By DeputationGroups Total number
of EmployeesSCs STs OBCs Total SCs STs OBCs Total SCs STs Total SCs STs
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15Group ‘A’ 32 05 02 02 - - - - - - - - - -Group ‘B’ 49 07 04 11 - - - - - - - - - -Group ‘C’ (Including Earstwhile Gr. ’D’)
18 04 03 02 - - - - - - - - - -
TOTAL 99 16 09 15
5.2 New initiatives taken in the Ministry
i). Implementation of e-office & Biometric Attendance system
This Ministry has already implemented the e-office since January, 2015. All the files & documents have since been digitized. All the office work is being done digitally thereby making the physical files almost zero. E-office is user friendly & saves a lot of time. Total e-files created 8486 upto 31.12.2016.
This office has been implementing the Biometric Attendance system in respect of all the employees.
ii). Internal Complaints Committee on Sexual Harrassment of Women at Workplace Act, 2013
An Internal Complaints committee has been constituted in this Ministry as per direction received from Department of Personnel & Training and as per provisions of Section 4 of the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013
During the year 2016, there is no complaint received on sexual Harassment of women at workplace in MDWS.
iii). ISO Certification The Ministry had obtained ISO 9001: 2008
Certification streamlining its functioning & procedures.
iv). Foreign Visits During the year 2016-17, till 31st
December, 2016, five proposals for foreign visits of Hon’ble Ministers, Secretary (DWS) and other senior officers of MoDWS were undertaken. As per instructions of Ministry of Finance, Department of Expenditure, details of the tour and as well as Tour Report was upload on Foreign VisitManagement System (FVMS) portal.
5.3. Vigilance & RTI/Grievances Redressal Machinery
5.3.1 Vigilance and RTI All Vigilance matters are being handled by
the Vigilance Section of the Ministry. The Additional Secretary has been designated
77
as the Chief Vigilance Officer for the Ministry in addition to his normal work.
The Vigilance Section also Monitors RTI matters for the Ministry. As per the RTI portal of the Government India 981 online/multiple forwarding RTIs have been received and forwarded to the concerned Divisions out of which 871 have been disposed of by the Ministry (upto December 2016).
5.3.2 Online Public Grievance Redressal System
The Ministry of Drinking water and Sanitation is taking innovative steps to ensure effective and timely Redressal of grievances uploaded by the members of public on CPGRAMS as well as on Ministry’s Grievance Portal. Many new steps are taken by the Ministry
�� All CPGRAM complaints are transferred not only to States but also to the online grievance system of the Ministry.
�� This system sends sms and web based reminders/ notifications to State officials in charge of disposal of the complaints.
�� In case of no action taken by the State official for over a month on a particular complaint, the complaint is then forwarded/escalated to their superiors for immediate action
�� The complaint is sent the contact details of official incharge of disposal of complaint along with a notification
of registration of complaint.
�� Post disposal, sms based feedback is taken from complainant before closing the complaint from system
�� State visits are conducted regularly by the officials of MDWS to ensure efficient Redressal of Grievances
�� Phone calls are made regularly to complainant falling in the category of closed grievances to ensure quality in the Redressal of grievances.
All these measures have helped in attaining Redressal rate of over 98% for the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation. The Ministry is coordinating with Quality council of India which has conducted an elaborate study on Grievance Redressal system of MDWS. Their suggestion will soon be implemented to further enhance the performance of online grievance system. In the coming months Ministry has chalked out following action points
�� Integration of CPGRAMS with Online Grievance system of the Ministry
�� Institution of toll free number for registration of Complaints
�� Improvement in the citizen feedback system
5.4 Progress of Hindi work during 2016-17
The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
78
made steep progress in the implementation of Official Language during the year 2016-17 and the progressof correspondence in Hindi increased to about 95% during 2016-17. In view of proper implementation and to promote progressive use of official language policy, bilingual dictionaries were distributed amongst 32 officials of the Ministry. Moreover, a book named ‘Karyalaya Sahayika’ is also being purchased for distribution among personnel. Availability of a large number of Hindi magazines and newspapers was ensured in the Ministry during the year.
All the meetings of Official Language Implementation Committee were organized in time. Hindi workshops were also organized during the year. An important work regarding constitution of Hindi Salahakar Samiti, was accomplished during this period.
Hindi Fortnight was organized with great ecstasy and zeal. During this period, various competitions were organized for Hindi speaking & non Hindi speaking personnel. On the occasion of prize distribution ceremony young women staff members of this Ministry presented a melodious welcome song and a Hindi song which was praised by one and
all. Name Board of all the sections were made bilingual. During the year, as much as 50,000 pages were translated from English to Hindi. Much awareness was created among the officers and employees of the Ministry for doing maximum work in Hindi through Official Language Implementation Committee meetings, Hindi Fortnight, Hindi competitions, Hindi workshops, Hindi award schemes etc. All the remaining employees were sent for Hindi training. Apart from this, inspections of all the sections of this Ministry were carried out in regard to the progress of official language implementation policy.
A workshop on Unicode was organized. All the officers and employees of the Ministry are deeply concerned with the progress of Hindi work and are progressively increasing their Hindi work day by day.
The Hon’ble Minister for Rural Development, Panchayati Raj and Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation Shri Narendra Singh Tomar, being an exponent of Hindi language and very keen for promotion and increased use of Hindi in official communications, during this period many of the documents were prepared/translated in Hindi.
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Welcome speech by Joint Secretary (Admn.) and Subsequent address speech by Secretary DWS
Young women staff members performing welcome Geet and Hindi Geet
Secretary DWS and additional Secretary DWS giving away prizes at the occasion of Hindi Pakhwara 2016
Officers and Employees of this Ministry participated at the prize distribution ceremony with great zeal
80
Annexure i to xi
81
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86
"Position of Officers and staff (regular) in the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation" as on 31.12.2016
Sl. No. Name of the postNo. of posts
Group of OfficersSanctioned Filled Vacant
1 Secretary 1 1 0 A2 Additional Secretary 1 1 0 A3 Joint Secretary 2 2 0 A4 Deputy Director General 1 1 0 A5 Economic Adviser 1 1 0 A6 Addl. Adviser (PHE) 1 1 0 A7 Director 4 4 0 A8 Deputy Secretary 3 3 0 A9 Deputy Adviser (PHE) 3 1 2 A10 Sr. PPS 1 1 0 A11 Senior System Analyst 1 0 1 A12 Deputy Director (Stat.) 1 1 0 A13 Assistant Adviser(PHE) 4 2 2 A14 Under Secretary 9 9 0 A15 PPS 2 2 0 A16 Assistant Director 1 1 0 A17 Assistant director (OL) 1 1 0 A18 Section Officer 12 7 5 B19 Private Secretary 12 3 9 B20 Accounts Officer 1 0 1 B21 Sr. Stat. Officer 1 1 0 B22 Accountant 2 0 2 B23 Sr. Translater 2 2 0 B24 ASO 25 23 2 B25 Jr. Hindi translater 1 1 0 B26 Personal Assistant 11 7 4 B27 Jr. Stat. Officer 5 5 0 B28 Steno. Gr. "D" 5 4 1 C29 SSA 2 2 0 C30 D. E. O. (Gr.A) 1 1 0 C31 LDC(Lib. Clerk) 1 1 0 C32 JSA 2 0 2 C33 Staff Car Driver 5 2 3 C34 MTS 11 8 3 C Total: 136 99 37
Annexure –IV
87
PHYSICAL PROGRESS UNDER SBM(G) DURING 2015-2016
S.N. State Name IHHL (BPL) IHHL (APL) IHHL Total Sanitary Complex1 A & N ISLANDS 0 0 0 0
2 ANDHRA PRADESH 354706 269 354975 5
3 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 15159 3974 19133 221
4 ASSAM 83811 381726 465537 52
5 BIHAR 280365 145766 426131 10
6 CHHATTISGARH 157626 199435 357061 0
7 D & N HAVELI 0 0 0 0
8 GOA 5365 0 5365 0
9 GUJARAT 207539 714956 922495 0
10 HARYANA 33876 97287 131163 13
11 HIMACHAL PRADESH 7633 58982 66615 247
12 JAMMU & KASHMIR 42524 21698 64222 162
13 JHARKHAND 95568 215734 311302 23
14 KARNATAKA 506730 26273 533003 38
15 KERALA 11189 563 11752 34
16 MADHYA PRADESH 504127 503820 1007947 0
17 MAHARASHTRA 229821 659613 889434 36
18 MANIPUR 18250 29276 47526 6
19 MEGHALAYA 26243 17886 44129 100
20 MIZORAM 3361 2139 5500 12
21 NAGALAND 21240 1377 22617 164
22 ODISHA 471537 859031 1330568 7
23 PUDUCHERRY 0 0 0 0
24 PUNJAB 11721 59589 71310 8
25 RAJASTHAN 325374 1820658 2146032 63
26 SIKKIM 3639 68 3707 42
27 TAMIL NADU 430231 518050 948281 76
28 TELANGANA 239919 271 240190 25
29 TRIPURA 13665 47487 61152 30
30 UTTAR PRADESH 195183 499305 694488 3
31 UTTARAKHAND 19706 44276 63982 27
32 WEST BENGAL 697052 720055 1417107 495
Total 5013160 7649564 12662724 1899
Annexure –V
88
PHYSICAL PROGRESS UNDER SBM(G) DURING 2016-2017 (Upto December, 2016)
S.N. State Name IHHL (BPL)IHHL
(APL)
IHHL
TotalSanitary Complex
1 A & N ISLANDS 474 467 941 02 ANDHRA PRADESH 510760 961 511721 13 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 11560 2134 13694 664 ASSAM 62705 385516 448221 485 BIHAR 169741 91779 261520 56 CHHATTISGARH 323409 425920 749331 27 D & N HAVELI 0 0 0 08 GOA 0 0 0 09 GUJARAT 266800 787676 1054483 010 HARYANA 6797 29310 36107 011 HIMACHAL PRADESH 12856 68263 81120 23112 JAMMU & KASHMIR 29223 15126 44349 6713 JHARKHAND 110032 339274 449322 014 KARNATAKA 430849 19477 450326 4815 KERALA 166652 27751 194426 1116 MADHYA PRADESH 521641 391567 913207 33117 MAHARASHTRA 253312 663613 916932 518 MANIPUR 12518 17958 30476 019 MEGHALAYA 17081 9963 27044 1520 MIZORAM 1555 738 2293 921 NAGALAND 1754 152 1906 722 ODISHA 323690 536060 859751 323 PUDUCHERRY 1367 20 1387 024 PUNJAB 9261 56414 65675 025 RAJASTHAN 308066 1534609 1842676 3026 SIKKIM 0 0 0 027 TAMIL NADU 147490 256334 403825 2828 TELANGANA 290719 2935 293654 029 TRIPURA 18492 10154 28646 1730 UTTAR PRADESH 253987 819954 1073947 131 UTTARAKHAND 91579 195663 287249 1032 WEST BENGAL 798704 900599 1699322 392
Total 5153074 7590387 12743551 1327
Annexure –VI
89
Annexure –VII
State-wise release position under SBM(G) during the year 2015-16As on 31.3.2016
Rs. in crore
S.N. STATE/UTOpening Balance
as on 1-4-2015Release Total Expenditure
1 A & N ISLANDS 0 3.4 3.4 02 ANDHRA PRADESH 143.65 234.17 377.81 292.093 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 5.15 38.71 43.86 29.224 ASSAM 170.96 474.27 645.23 484.355 BIHAR 143.31 221.55 364.87 325.596 CHHATTISGARH 58.26 144.72 202.98 263.197 D & N HAVELI 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.008 GOA 0.44 1.05 1.49 4.839 GUJARAT 50.34 478.22 528.55 575.9010 HARYANA 47.06 32.76 79.81 72.2711 HIMACHAL PRADESH 119.33 4.37 123.70 71.4212 JAMMU & KASHMIR 116.87 4.05 120.91 66.9213 JHARKHAND 42.58 97.32 139.90 262.7714 KARNATAKA -57.16 450.77 393.61 444.2115 KERALA 37.12 8.50 45.62 17.0316 MADHYA PRADESH 271.07 374.33 645.39 803.0617 MAHARASHTRA 31.25 567.45 598.70 644.4918 MANIPUR 4.63 44.19 48.81 53.4819 MEGHALAYA 37.75 35.65 73.40 56.1320 MIZORAM 6.99 3.32 10.31 6.6621 NAGALAND 19.99 10.83 30.82 28.1022 ODISHA 119.11 571.50 690.60 1197.0623 PUDUCHERRY 2.23 4.40 6.63 0.0024 PUNJAB 4.09 38.70 42.79 59.3425 RAJASTHAN 41.83 938.73 980.56 1287.2326 SIKKIM 4.93 6.12 11.05 5.9027 TAMIL NADU 239.76 78.94 318.70 560.4428 TELANGANA 87.19 128.39 215.58 157.5329 TRIPURA 49.76 38.89 88.66 52.8930 UTTAR PRADESH 275.28 565.39 840.67 571.9131 UTTARAKHAND 5.53 49.37 54.90 71.6732 WEST BENGAL 29.56 712.92 742.48 904.79 2108.84 6362.96 8468.40 9370.47
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Annexure –VIII
State-wise release position under SBM(G) during the year 2016-17As on 31.3.2016
Rs. in crore
S.N. State/UTOpening Balance
as on 1-4-2016Release Total Expenditure
1 A & N ISLANDS 3.4 0.5 3.9 0.13592 ANDHRA PRADESH 85.97 135.46 221.44 270.123 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 14.66 23.98 38.65 13.154 ASSAM 161.11 240.00 401.14 187.695 BIHAR 42.00 131.87 174.36 54.776 CHHATTISGARH -59.63 438.35 378.72 170.527 D & N HAVELI 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.008 GOA -3.34 0.00 -3.34 0.009 GUJARAT -46.88 651.23 604.39 419.7410 HARYANA 7.74 68.79 76.60 9.6011 HIMACHAL PRADESH 52.83 117.30 170.41 60.8512 JAMMU & KASHMIR 53.99 59.51 113.51 19.5913 JHARKHAND -122.77 326.89 204.16 139.8514 KARNATAKA -50.41 190.07 139.67 165.8715 KERALA 28.91 98.25 127.23 104.1916 MADHYA PRADESH -156.34 684.47 528.38 497.9617 MAHARASHTRA -43.33 528.94 485.80 280.4718 MANIPUR -4.66 27.28 22.61 3.4519 MEGHALAYA 17.28 75.70 92.98 24.8520 MIZORAM 3.64 10.98 14.62 1.8921 NAGALAND 3.02 32.06 35.18 2.0222 ODISHA -506.31 732.17 226.10 459.6223 PUDUCHERRY 6.63 0.00 6.63 0.1324 PUNJAB -16.55 197.02 180.47 40.3525 RAJASTHAN -305.98 627.30 321.91 566.9926 SIKKIM 5.15 7.04 12.19 1.0927 TAMIL NADU -241.10 537.02 295.93 111.9028 TELANGANA 58.14 50.27 108.42 84.0529 TRIPURA 36.07 24.98 61.06 7.2130 UTTAR PRADESH 269.22 712.35 981.71 532.3031 UTTARAKHAND -16.58 170.58 154.00 53.9432 WEST BENGAL -162.20 640.50 478.34 476.56Total :- -886.27 7540.86 6657.17 4760.85
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State/UT-wise , ODF declared Villages, GPs, Blocks and District
S.N. State/UTODF declared
Villages
ODF declared
GPs
ODF Declared
Blocks
ODF Declared District
1 A & N Islands 0 0 0 02 Andhra Pradesh 2290 2004 8 03 Arunachal Pradesh 927 308 2 04 Assam 436 25 1 05 Bihar 727 137 2 06 Chhattisgarh 8861 4144 32 37 D & N Haveli 0 0 0 08 Goa 0 0 0 09 Gujarat 8274 6377 44 410 Haryana 5500 4903 64 911 Himachal Pradesh 16637 3231 77 1212 Jammu & Kashmir 95 63 0 013 Jharkhand 1514 243 1 014 Karnataka 5251 972 27 515 Kerala 2035 940 152 1416 Madhya Pradesh 10575 4565 12 217 Maharashtra 15260 11097 71 418 Manipur 82 80 0 019 Meghalaya 3104 2985 4 120 Mizoram 145 139 1 021 Nagaland 306 249 0 022 Odisha 2340 139 1 023 Puducherry 0 0 0 024 Punjab 2449 2336 18 225 Rajasthan 15312 3897 48 526 Sikkim 446 176 25 427 Tamil Nadu 2700 2695 15 028 Telangana 1524 1387 32 129 Tripura 5 5 0 030 Uttar Pradesh 3670 1515 3 031 Uttarakhand 11587 5619 61 532 West Bengal 16421 1368 89 4 138473 61599 790 75
Annexure –IX
92
State-wise release position under SBM(G) during the year 2016-17As on 31.3.2016
S.N. State/UTIHHL Achievement during
2016-17Share in Total BPLs +APLs Achievement
TOTAL SC ST % SC % ST1 A & N ISLANDS 941 0 0 0.00 0.002 ANDHRA PRADESH 511721 114729 41309 22.42 8.073 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 13694 144 12150 1.05 88.724 ASSAM 448221 32126 62373 7.17 13.925 BIHAR 261520 45008 7998 17.21 3.066 CHHATTISGARH 749331 83960 265416 11.20 35.427 D & N HAVELI 0 0 0 0.00 0.008 GOA 0 0 0 0.00 0.009 GUJARAT 1054483 76017 277029 7.21 26.2710 HARYANA 36107 9630 35 26.67 0.1011 HIMACHAL PRADESH 81120 21269 6096 26.22 7.5112 JAMMU & KASHMIR 44349 2668 9100 6.02 20.5213 JHARKHAND 449322 43775 125898 9.74 28.0214 KARNATAKA 450326 100690 39039 22.36 8.6715 KERALA 194426 34962 19725 17.98 10.1516 MADHYA PRADESH 913207 167036 272009 18.29 29.7917 MAHARASHTRA 916932 102960 125716 11.23 13.7118 MANIPUR 30476 180 22718 0.59 74.5419 MEGHALAYA 27044 294 20218 1.09 74.7620 MIZORAM 2293 86 2165 3.75 94.4221 NAGALAND 1906 2 1875 0.10 98.3722 ODISHA 859751 123665 210187 14.38 24.4523 PUDUCHERRY 1387 385 3 27.76 0.2224 PUNJAB 65675 48662 1183 74.10 1.8025 RAJASTHAN 1842676 261443 342540 14.19 18.5926 SIKKIM 0 0 0 0.00 0.0027 TAMIL NADU 403825 94874 8451 23.49 2.0928 TELANGANA 293654 58111 39106 19.79 13.3229 TRIPURA 28646 4464 15622 15.58 54.5330 UTTAR PRADESH 1073947 215900 17168 20.10 1.6031 UTTARAKHAND 287249 65857 13718 22.93 4.7832 WEST BENGAL 1699322 451725 118776 26.58 6.99Total :- 12743551 2160622 2077623 16.95 16.30
Annexure –X
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Annexure XI(Report No.28 of 2015- Performance Audit of Total Sanitation Campaign/ Nirmal
Bharat Abhiyan Laid in Parliament on 8th December, 2015)Summary of Observations in Performance Audit
ATN/Remarks
Planning
Plans prepared at Gram Panchayat level were not consolidated in Block Plan and further into District Plan in 73 (49 per cent) test checked districts of 12 States. Further, Annual Implementation Plan (AIP) did not indicate the District/Block/Gram Panchayat (GP) wise allocation of physical and financial targets. AIPs were not prepared following the community saturation approach highlighting comprehensive sanitation and water coverage on the basis of identification of GPs that could be made Nirmal during the year/ in the coming years, etc.
(Paragraph 2.4.1,2.4.2)
As the programme is implemented taking districts as project unit, Ministry receives PIP/revised PIP of district level duly approved by State Level Scheme Sanctioning Committee (SLSSC) for approval of NSSC at Centre Level. However, it is stated in the NBA Guidelines that whenever there was revision in targets, district level PIP should be prepared by consolidating the proposal of GP levels based on the baseline survey conducted under programme compiled at block levels. It is responsibility of the States to ensure that the district level PIP has been prepared based on the GP level PIP before approval of SLSSC. In case of revision of incentive cost under the programme PIP of the States has been revised for the existing balance project objectives as per revised incentive cost and approved by the NSSC from time to time.
MODW&S Reply in respect of Chapter 2 – Planning (as indicated in the replies has been uploaded in CAG’s website “apms.nic.in”)
(Replies received from States have also been uploaded)
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Project Implementation
Against the objective of construction of 426.32 lakh and 469.76 lakh Individual Household Latrines (IHHL) for Below Poverty Line and Above Poverty Line families, respectively, Project Districts could construct only 222.32 lakh (52.15 per cent) and 207.55 lakh (44.18 per cent) IHHLs during 2009-10 to 2013-14. The Ministry had shown and achievement of construction of 693.92 lakh IHHLs up to February 2011 in 16 states against a figure of 367.53 lakh households (Census 2011) having toilet facilities within the premises, in these States.
(Paragraph 3.1.1,3.1.2)
Before commencement of which financial year States have prepared comprehensive annual Plan for a construction of toilets based on the pans received from the base level implementing agency. However, TSC/NBA being a demand driven programme actual construction were made as per the demand generated by the people. Hence, the shortfall in achievement aroused. Regarding trend for decrease in construction of toilets it is to state that under NBA the programme was being implemented in convergence with MNREGA unlike TSC. Since, in most of the States these two programme are run by different departments there was a lack of coordination between the implementing departments resulted in slowdown in implementation of the programme. Further, lack of funds under MNREGA for this scheme also adversely affected the programme. There was decrease in the project objectives and achievements due to the aforesaid reasons. However, under SBM (G) the programme has been delinked from MNREGA which resulted in significant increase in construction of toilets during 2014-15.
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In test checked 53 district of eight States, proportion of defunct toilets was found to be more than 33 percent (24.03 lakh out of total 71.86 lakh households) due to reasons like poor quality of construction, incomplete structure, non-maintenance, etc.
(Paragraph 3.2.1.1)
We noted that 12.97 lakh IHHLs involving expenditure of 186.17 crore were constructed by engaging contractor /Non-Government Organisation (NGOs), etc. in violation of the Scheme guidelines. Further, financial irregularities, like expenditure without approval, diversion of funds, etc., amounting to 7.81 crore were also noticed in construction of Solid and Liquid Waste Management (SLWM) infrastructure in 13 districts of seven States. It was also found that out of a loan of 1.38 crore provided for opening of Rural Sanitary Marts/Production Centres in 21 selected districts of six States an amount of 1.20 crore remained unrecovered beyond approved recovery schedule.
(Paragraph 3.2.1.4,3.2.5.2 and 3.2.6.2)
There is a spurt in the progress made under the programme. Against the expected outcome of 50 lakh for individual latrines for the year 2014-15, 58,54,987 latrines were constructed, which is an achievement of 117% of the target. During 2015-16, 127.41 lakh toilets have already been constructed against target of 120.00 lakh. For the year 2016-17, against the expected outcome of 1.5 crore individual latrines, 3319451 individual latrines (22.13%) have been constructed as on 01-08-2016. Since the launch of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) on 2nd October, 2014, 210.09 lakh toilets have already been constructed under SBM(G) as on 01.08.2016. Sanitation Coverage, which was 42.05% on 2.10.2014, has increased to 53.60% on 01.8.2016.
The number of toilets constructed was reported by the States. The difference in number of IHHL between Census 2011 report and IMIS on this Ministry isfalling out of use/becoming dysfunctional due to lack of behavioural change, poor construction quality etc. and probably over-reporting to some extent by States (especially in APL toilets) to get more NGP awards.
Some toilets have become defunct due to reasons such as lack of behavior change of households, poor quality of construction because of very low incentive during early period of TSC (Rs. 625 during 2000-2006) etc. These reasons have been addressed in the new scheme now.In this connection it is also submitted that this above facts were brought to the notice of Auditors during the course of Audit and it has been recorded in the Report as under:
96
“Ministry accepted the observation and stated that the difference in achievement was probably due to over-reporting to some extent by Sate (especially in APL toilets) to get more NGP awards, some toilets falling out of use/becoming dysfunctional due to lack of behavioral change, poor construction quality etc. and difference in methodology of counting the toilets.”
TSC/NBA was implemented in rural areas. In exclusive Urban districts in the states NBA was not operational. The entire city would form one district and in that case it is classified under Urban, will not fall under the purview of NBA. Further, the project was approved by NSSC on receiving PIP of the district from the States duly approved by SLSSC. If States did not submit the PIP for any district the project in respect of that district would not be approved for implementation of the programme. However, this Ministry has repeatedly ask the State to submit the PIP for all the eligible district from time to time. The Ministry approved State level AIP for a particularly year as prepared and submitted by the State Governments. Being the main implementing agency, it is responsibility of the States to ensure that the programme was being implemented in all the GPs at the time of preparation of the State level AIP.
MODW&S Reply in respect of Chapter 3 – Project Implementation (as indicated in the replies has been uploaded in CAG’s website “apms.nic.in”)
(Replies received from States have also been uploaded)
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Management of Funds
Audit noted that the Ministry released only 48 per cent of the funds demanded by the states and 16 states on their part, either did not release or short-released their share of funds during 2009-14. Despite availability of funds of 13494.63 crore, only 10157.93 crore was spent on scheme implementation during the period 2009-10 to 2013-14. The unspent amount on annual basis varied between 40 per cent and 56 per cent.
(Paragraph 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4)
We found six cases of misappropriation of 2.28 crore in six States (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Odisha). Cases of suspected misappropriation of 25.33 crore were also noted in Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand and Manipur. Further, scheme funds amounting to 283.12 crore were diverted and utilized for the purposes such as advance to staff, creation of capital assets, Leave Salary Pension Contribution, purchase of vehicles and office Sanitation in 13 States. Further, in six States an amount of 81.08 crore was diverted to other central schemes and other State sponsored schemes.
(Paragraph 4.6, 4.7)
Relates to States and States have furnished their replies which has been uploaded in CAG’s website “apms.nic.in” for consideration by CAG.
98
It was noted in nine States of Andhra Pradesh Assam, Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, Kerala, Manipur, Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra and West Bengal that an amount of 212.14 crore remained parked/unutilized for periods ranging between 4 months to 29 months at State/District/ Block/GP level. Further, in six States of Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Jharkhand, Kerala, Manipur and Odisha, advances of 48.97 crore paid to various implementing agencies were outstanding from 16 to 120 months. It was also found that interest of 5.58 crore accrued on scheme funds was not accounted for in eleven States.
(Paragraph 4.9, 4.10, 4.13. iii)Information, Education and Communication
TSC/NBA is demand driven scheme for which use of IEC is very critical for creating awareness about the benefits of sanitation and hygiene among rural population. However, we found that due importance was not given to IEC and 25 percent of total IEC expenditure during the year 2009-10 to 2011-12 was incurred on activities unrelated to IEC. Despite an expenditure of 788.60 crore during last five year, the Ministry also failed to evaluate its IEC campaign.
(Paragraph 5.2.1)
During NBA, NGP (Nirmal Gram Puraskar) was an important component of the programme. The Nirmal Gram Puraskar awards were given by the President of India to GPs which had become Nirmal and was a big trigger for up scaling sanitation initiatives in the country. This was a huge advocacy initiative which is part of overall IEC activity. Therefore, expenditure incurred in respect of NGP functions cannot be termed expenditure on activities unrelated to IEC.
MODW&S Reply in respect of Chapter 5 – Information, Education and Communication (as indicated in the replies has been uploaded in CAG’s website “apms.nic.in”)
(Replies received from States have also been uploaded)
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Convergence
Convergence is a strategy to ensure optimal results with support from related Government Programme. The TSC guidelines of 2007 specified that all houses constructed for BPL under Indira Awas Yojana Shall be provided with a toilet under TSC. However, Audit found that there was no convergence during 2009-12 with other schemes. During 2012-14 only a small percentage (6 per cent on an average) IHHLs were constructed in convergence with Indira Awas Yojana and Mahatama Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme. However, there were no achievement under other components such as school toilets, Anganwadi toilets, community sanitary complexes and SLWM projects in convergence with MGNREGS or with help from local or other sources. The Ministry also failed to involve corporate houses in the implementation of the Scheme as part of their Corporate Social Responsibility. Further, no arrangements were made with the Indian Railways to discourage the practice of unsafe disposal of human excreta and open defecation on rail tracks.
(Paragraph 6.3, 6.4.and 6.6)
So far as engagement of support staff like ASHA for generating demand is concerned it is intimated that as per NBA guidelines field functionaries like Bharat Nirman Volunteers, ASHA, Anganwadi workers, school teachers etc can be engaged at the village level for demand creation and taking up behavior change communication. There motivators are given suitable incentive from the funds earmarked for IEC. As Representative from Ministry of Health & Family Welfare was a member of NSSC, hence, there was no need for separate representative from NRHM.
Ministry has taken up the matter with Ministry of Youth and Sports seeking support of volunteers of National Service Scheme (NSS) and Nehru Yuva Kendra associates in the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) and also asked the States to make use of their services wherever required. Many States are taking supports of these volunteers.
MODW&S Reply in respect of Chapter 6 - Convergence ( as indicated in the replies has been uploaded in CAG’s website “apms.nic.in”)
(Replies received from States have also been uploaded)
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Monitoring and Evaluation
The Ministry failed to utilize funds approved under ‘Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)-Other charges’ and 0.32 crore only (out of 22.40 crore booked under the head ) was utilized on the activities covered under M&E during the period 2009-10 to 2013-14 diverting the remaining amount of 22.08 crore to other activities.
(Paragraph 7.2)
To monitor the physical and financial progress of the Programme, the Ministry relied on online monitoring through Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) through which the districts/gram Panchayats were to upload the data. However, Audit found that there was no system in the Ministry to verify the reliability of the data received online. The Ministry was also not ensuring its credibility by cross checking with Annual Performance Reports. Due to this lapse, physical progress was over reported on the Integrated Management Information System. Further, the Ministry had not undertaken any concurrent evaluation or implementation progress review.
(Paragraph 7.3 and 7.6)
Audit observed that against the total expenditure of Rs. 22.40 crore, the Ministry could utilize Rs.0.32 crore only on the activities covered under M&E. Remaining Rs. 22.08 crore was diverted to other activities pertaining to administration of Nirmal Gram Puraskar like ‘payment to agencies for physical verification of Gram Panchayats”. Ministry’s plea that verification of Gram Panchayat for NGP was a part of monitoring exercise and money spent on the same could not be regarded as diversion. But audit not agreed with Ministry’s plea.
Point has been noted for future compliance, however, it is indicated that under SBM (G) programme, NGP Scheme has been discontinued.
A World Bank Project to incentivize the Villages/ Gram Panchayats / Block/ Districts on the basis of certain performance indicators has been started. Ministry has issued the guidelines for Open Defecation Free (ODF) verification. Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) Module for ODF verification has also developed. States are request to complete the process of ODF verification of all existing ODF villages/GPs and report on IMIS by 31st December, 2015.
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In respect of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin), the on-line monitoring (IMIS) has been strengthened and transparency increased in the implementation of the SBM(G) by making all the data including the names and addresses of the beneficiaries of Individual Household Latrines (IHHLs) available in the public domain / on-line monitoring system. A Mobile application for uploading photographs of toilets constructed after 2.10.2014 has been launched. The IMIS also includes module for monitoring of open defecation free (ODF) status now. The monitoring is also strengthened through regular field visits and interactions with State officials through review meetings/video conferencing. Third party monitoring has also been strengthened through agencies such as NSSO. The capturing of photographs has been included in the IMIS for proper accounting.
MODW&S Reply in respect of Chapter 7 – Monitoring and Evaluation (as indicated in the replies has been uploaded in CAG’s website “apms.nic.in”)
(Replies received from States have also been uploaded)
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. ParameswaranThiruvananthapuram, Kerela. Sh. Parameswaran
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