History Day Works Cited

Primary Sources

"Cooing Babes of Many Lands." Omaha Daily Bee 12 June 1904: 17. Chronicling America. Web. 26 Oct.

2015. <http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn99021999/1904-06-12/ed-1/seq-

17/#date1=1836&index=20&rows=50&words=children+Ellis+Island+island&searchType=basic

&sequence=0&state=&date2=1922&proxtext=ellis+island+children&y=16&x=14&dateFilterTyp

e=yearRange&page=1>.

This article gave us information about the life of immigrants, specifically children, during their

time at Ellis Island. Additionally it describes the activities and situations of all immigrants, and

compares and contrasts the conditions between those deemed well, and detainees.

"Delay for Ships Feared in Alien Congestion Here." New-York Tribune: n. pag. Print.

This source provides statistics on how many steerage passengers of certain ships were detained

and also how the poor steerage conditions were causing contamination and illnesses were

spreading. It adds to many pages such as people and culture, traveling, and comfort & privacy.

"The Ellis Island Fire." Oregon Union [Corvallis] 17 Dec. 1897: n. pag. Library of Congress. Web. 22

Nov. 2015. <http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85042402/1897-12-17/ed-1/seq-1/ocr/>.

This article told us a detailed description about the Ellis Island fire, where it spread, its effects,

and its possible causes for its mysterious origin. It also included how the fire impacted Ellis

Island and the immigrants. It described how Ellis island was rebuilt to prevent any more fires.

Ellis Island immigrant & comissioner. 31 Mar. 2016. Digital file.

During our trip to Ellis Island we took a picture of an immigrant with a commissioner that

worked on the island. It gave a visual aide to our slide about conversations, because obviously

you were talking to the commissioner about some issues. The real photograph was also very

credible, and provided insight on how immigrants conversed with commissioners.

Ellis Island Immigration museum sign. 31 Mar. 2016. Digital file.

This is a personal picture that we took of the sign outside the Ellis Island immigration Museum. It

is visually appealing, and adds credibility to that page. It is a visual aid that can help readers

who’ve never been to Ellis Island better interpret the information.

Ellis Island's Great hall. 31 Mar. 2016. Digital file.

This is a personal picture taken by us because it was one of the more popular places in

Ellis Island. We used an older photograph of the great hall, and thought that it would be

interesting to compare it with the picture we already had.

Entrance to Ellis Island. 31 Mar. 2016. Digital file.

This is a personal picture of the front of Ellis Island. It gives the audience a visual on how the

Ellis Island Immigration Museum looks today. Additionally this picture also helps readers

who’ve never been to Ellis Island understand the structure and architecture of the building, as

well as the many people that visit the Museum every day.

"First Foot on Ellis Island." Sun [New York City] 2 Jan. 1892: n. pag. Print.

This primary newspaper states information about Annie Moore’s trip to Ellis Island. Details are

provided on the number of passengers she was with, her experience at Ellis Island, what ship she

traveled on, and many other types of information. It highlights the importance of the first

immigrant to pass through Ellis Island.

Immigrant Railroad card. 31 Mar. 2016. Digital file.

This is a personal picture of railroad card that was used at Ellis Island. It helps others understand

what immigrants needed to be able to use the railroads, and is an actual card that was used at Ellis

Island.

Immigration Quota information. 31 Mar. 2016. Digital file.

This is a personal picture of the information about the Quota Laws at the Ellis Island Immigration

Museum. This is a caption from a photograph that is also incorporated into our website. This

caption reinforces the importance the Immigration quota laws had on America-

"Italian Society Aids Girl's Fight to Enter Country." Evening Farmer 13 May 1922: n. pag. Chronicling

America. Web. 28 Mar. 2016. <http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030193/1922-05-

23/ed-1/seq-

21/#date1=1836&index=1&rows=20&words=Ellis+Island+money&searchType=basic&sequence

=0&state=&date2=1922&proxtext=ellis+island+money&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange

&page=1>.

This is a newspaper article on how one girl was denied access into the United States, so the

Society for the welfare of Italian Immigrants was helping her. This topic which is discussed in

our People & Cultures tab, so using a personal anecdote from a primary newspaper helps readers

comprehend the text better.

"Interviewing Newcomers." Heritage Discovery Center. Johnston Area Heritage Association, 2005. Web.

5 Jan. 2016. <http://jaha.org/edu/discovery_center/push-pull/img/ellis_album/index.html>.

This source is a primary picture taken of an immigrant being interviewed at Ellis Island and

enhances the visual aspect of our “Encounter” page. It shows in detail what happened during the

examination of new immigrants.

Kerby, F. M. "Europe Dumping Aged and Unfit on U.S in Increasing Horde." Day Book [Chicago] 7 Mar.

1917, noon ed.: 13-14. Chronicling America. Web. 26 Oct. 2015.

<http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045487/1917-03-07/ed-1/seq-13/>.

This article told us about how Europe is sending unfit men and women for the military to

immigrate to America during World War 2, and the main reasons people were being rejected. It

also describes the new laws being reinforced and statistics about immigration during this war, and

how World War 2 affected Ellis Island.

Kissing Post infomational. 31 Mar. 2016. Photograph.

This is a personal picture of an informatory block at the Ellis Island immigration museum. It

describes the kissing post, and what actually occurred there, contrary to its name. It clears up the

confusion of what most people believe the kissing post is about.

Konta, Alexander. "How the President Made Ellis Island Human and Provided for the Alien." Bridgeport

Evening Farmer 7 Oct. 1916: n. pag. Chronicling America. Web. 19 Nov. 2015.

<http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84022472/1916-10-07/ed-1/seq-

3/#date1=1836&index=30&rows=50&words=Ellis+ELLIS+ISLAND+Island&searchType=basic

&sequence=0&state=&date2=1922&proxtext=Ellis+island&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRan

ge&page=1>.

This article describes the major changes the president and commissioner did to make Ellis Island

a more exciting, and have a more amiable environment. Additionally it talks about the struggles

emigrants had to face while immigrating to America.

Manifest of Ellis Island immigrants. 31 Mar. 2016. Digital file.

This is a personal picture of ship manifests that brought passengers to Ellis Island. It was taken at

the Ellis Island Immigration Museum. It was used in a steamship that deported at Ellis Island. It

shows the names of real immigrants and their classes

"Pretty Irish Girl Laughs at Woes." Washington Times [Washington D.C] 25 May 1913: 3. Library of

Congress. Web. 5 Jan. 2016. <http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026749/1913-03-

25/ed-1/seq-

3/#date1=1836&index=2&rows=20&words=Ellis+Island+Money&searchType=basic&sequence

=0&state=&date2=1922&proxtext=Ellis+island+money&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange

&page=1>.

This source gives information on how one immigrant passed through Ellis Island, and the

immigrant’s experience. Additionally it states information about the Bureau of Change, and the

minimum amount of money you need to have to be able to pass through Ellis Island.

Relics and statues of immigrants in the Ellis Island Immigration Museum. 31 Mar. 2016.

Photograph.

This photograph is a section of the museum with small statues of situations immigrants went

through. They ranged from waiting in line to talking to the judge. The statues help museum

visitors imagine scenarios that actually occurred at Ellis Island.

Remnants of an Ellis Island dormitory room. 31 Mar. 2016. Digital file.

This is the original dormitory room where luggage and other belongings were kept. This picture

was taken after Ellis Island closed, but before restoration. It is an accurate photograph of how

Ellis Island survived so many years of immigrants coming into America.

Schock, Vasilike. E-mail interview. 11 Apr. 2016.

We were fortunate to be able to interview the granddaughter of an actual immigrant that passed

through Ellis Island. This interview helped us better understand what an actual immigrant went

through and how her life ended up in America. She gave us interesting information about her

grandmother, Ellie Argeros, who actually went through the struggles that the majority of

immigrants faced.

Steamship card. 31 Mar. 2016. Digital file.

This is a personal picture of an original steamship card that belonged to an immigrant that passed

through Ellis Island. We placed this picture right next to a railroad car, as both are easily

confused with each other. By placing them next to each other, viewers will be able to compare

and contrast both cards.

Secondary Sources

"About Ellis Island." The Statue of Liberty- Ellis Island. Statue of Liberty- Ellis Island, 2016. Web. 21

Feb. 2016. <http://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/about-the-ellis-island>.

This picture adds a visual aide to the slideshow on our website’s homepage. It includes the largest

room at Ellis Island, and shows how crowded it was. Additionally we have a picture on our

website of how the Great Hall looks today, so viewers can compare and contrast Ellis Island

before and after restoration.

"Alan Kraut." American University. American University, 2016. Web. 14 May 2016.

<http://www.american.edu/uploads/profiles/large/akraut.JPG>.

This is our interview with American University Professor, Alan Kraut. He is a professor

of immigration history, and answered our interview questions about Ellis Island. His

detailed answers provided great information for many quotes.

"Anchor Steamship Passengers Circ. 1912." National Park Service. National Park Service, 2015. Web. 29

Dec. 2015. <http://www.nps.gov/elis/learn/historyculture/oral-histories.htm>.

This source provides a picture of the immigrants on the steamship, going to Ellis Island. It

provides a visual on how the majority of steamships looked, and the amount of people that were

usually on deck.

Anderson, Dale. Arriving at Ellis Island. Ed. Sabrina Crewe. U.S. ed. Milwaukee: World Almanac

Library, 2002. Print. Landmark Events in American History.

This source mainly gives information about the journey emigrants faced before coming to Ellis

Island, and actual reactions and reviews of it, from immigrants that passed through. Also, it has a

timeline of all the information and events significant to Ellis Island and its immigrants.

Annie Moore. Liberty Ellis Foundation. Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation, 2015. Web. 29 Dec.

2015. <http://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/ellis-timeline>.

This photograph is a visual aide of the first immigrant that passed through Ellis Island. This

picture is used as symbolism to signify the importance of the opening of Ellis Island, and its

impact on America.

"Barry Moreno a Librarian and Historian at Ellis Island." NY Times. NY Times Company, 2016.

Web. 14 May 2016.

This is our interview with National Park Service librarian and historian at Ellis Island.

We interviewed him via the phone, and used many of his answers as quotes to help better

understand the text.

Blue Skies. Songwriters Hall Of Fame. Songwriters Hall Of Fame, n.d. Web. 29 Dec. 2015.

<http://www.songwritershalloffame.org/audio/C3>.

Blue Skies is a song written by Irving Berlin, a composer who passed through Ellis Island. This

audio clip enhances our home page by giving audio that relates to our topic, and is fun, enjoyable,

and welcoming at the same time. We thought that this song will catch the viewers’ attention

because it is upbeat and happy.

Bramen, Lisa. "The Foods That Passed through Ellis Island." Smithsonian Magazine: n. pag. Web. 21

Feb. 2016. <http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/the-foods-that-passed-through-ellis-

island-76907163/?no-ist>.

This magazine provides information on foods created at Ellis Island and accommodations made

to accept all cultures and include their food. It also states how the Ellis Island commissioners

were able to accommodate people from all over the world, practicing a variety of languages.

Cannato, Vincent. E-mail interview. 14 May 2016.

This is our email interview with Vincent Cannato who is a history professor at the

University of Massachusetts, in Boston. His answers were used in various texts as well as

an abundance of quotes.

Charlie Chaplin. Daily Mail. Daily Mail, n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

<http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2598438/The-mad-woman-turned-Chaplin-against-

women-life-desperate-childhood-man-world-laugh.html>.

This picture adds a visual aide to the section about the immigrants’ impact, and shows a picture of

Charlie Chaplin. Charlie Chaplin is described in the text of that page, so a picture of him seem fit

to enhance the meaning of the text.

"Children's." Museums of the City of New York. MNY, 2015. Web. 29 Dec. 2015.

<http://collections.mcny.org/Collection/Children's-Playground-on-Ellis-Island-(roof-garden).-

The-Children-of-detained-or-waiting-immigrants.-2F3XC5W13L8.html>.

This picture shows some children playing at the Ellis Island playground in detainment. It tries to

show the happier side of detainment, because it is generally viewed as a very negative,

melancholy place.

"Construction of the Main Immigration Building on Ellis Island." National Park Service.

National Park Service, 2016. Web. 8 Apr. 2016.

<https://www.nps.gov/elis/planyourvisit/third-floor.htm>.

This shows a behind-the-scenes look of how Ellis Island looked before restoration, and this

picture was included in our timeline. This picture supports our other picture that shows how Ellis

Island looked before restoration.

Design, Kangaroo. "Medical Examination." Ellis Island.se. Ellis Island.se, 2006. Web. 21 Feb.

2016. <http://www.ellisisland.se/english/default.asp>.

This website gives information about the medical examinations at Ellis Island. It thoroughly

describes step by step the examination process for the majority of immigrants, and explains the

detainment process if immigrant officials thought something was wrong with you.

Dosik, Jeffrey. Personal interview. 31 Mar. 2016.

On our trip to Ellis Island, this interview was taken with Jeffrey Dosik, a National Park Service

park ranger at Bob Hope Memorial Library on Ellis Island. He provided us with a real insight on

life at Ellis Island and why it is truly significant to history. We also got to learn new information

about Ellis Island and an immigrant’s experience that we were able to incorporate into our

website. There are 2 video clips of this interview with him throughout our website.

"Ellis Island." Britannica Kids. Britanicca, 2016. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

<http://kids.britannica.com/elementary/art-90030/Immigrants-at-Ellis-Island-in-the-early-1900s-

wait-to>.

This picture shows the diversity of immigrants and is included in a gallery. It helps to show that

people with all different types of ethnicities passed through Ellis Island, even though the majority

of them came from eastern European countries.

"Ellis Island." Map. Google Maps. Google, 2016. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

This map shows where Ellis Island is located. It is an interactive Google map, so that viewers can

see Ellis Island’s location can be seen in respect to many countries and cities that are located all

over the world

"Ellis Island." History. A+E Networks, 2009. Web. 27 Oct. 2015. <http://www.history.com/topics/ellis-

island>.

This source gives statistics on the types of immigrants, and information on how Ellis Island

changed throughout history. Additionally, information is stated on Ellis Island today, in contrast

to earlier in its history.

"Ellis Island." Scholastic. Scholastic, 2015. Web. 29 Dec. 2015.

<http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/immigration/tour/>.

This source provides a picture of immigrants walking on the harbor, and this picture is used as a

background on our homepage. It describes Ellis Island, and intrigues viewers to figure out the

true meaning behind the picture.

Ellis Island and the 6-Second Medical Exam. Infographic. New Jersey: Rutgers, The State University of

New Jersey, 2016. Rutgers University Libraries. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

<http://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/sites/default/files/news/2014/05/Ellis%20Island_0.png>.

This info graphic explains the meaning of the different chalk marks given during the

examinations. In our examinations page there is information about chalk marks, so the info

graphic helps make the text easier to comprehend.

Ellis island immigrants. Scholastic. Scholastic, 2015. Web. 29 Dec. 2015.

<http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/immigration/tour/>.

This source provides a picture of immigrants standing in line, and it is used as a background in

the “Exchange” section of our website. This picture symbolizes the categories we used for our

exchange tab.

Ellis Island Immigration Document. The Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island. Statue of Liberty - Ellis Island

Foundation, 2016. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

<http://assets.libertyellisfoundation.org/cms/editor/AFIHC_Manifest_WEb.jpg>.

This is an example of how an inspection document would look like at Ellis Island. By providing

this picture we thought that readers would understand that lots of paperwork would be filled at

Ellis Island, and that is what took up hours of time.

"Ellis Island: Immigration Officials Conducting Eye Examinations on Ellis Island." Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica, 2015. Web. 29 Dec. 2015.

This source is a picture that helps enhance the meaning of our article on examinations. It provides

a visual for the buttonhook exam. The buttonhook exam was unique to only Ellis Island, so to

show this unique characteristic, we thought that the picture would be the best way.

Ellis Island museum great hall. Statue of Liberty Tickets. Statue of Liberty Tickets, 2005. Web. 9 Apr.

2016. <https://www.statueoflibertytickets.com/Ellis-Island/>.

This picture is included in our timeline and shows how the great hall, where most immigrants

stood in long lines waiting to be processed, looked like. It also enhances the text on the timeline

slide, to make it more understandable.

"Examinations of Immigrants at Ellis Island." The Great Pandemic. United States Department of Health

and Human Services, 2016. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

<http://www.flu.gov/pandemic/history/1918/life_in_1918/healthservice/>.

This picture shows how immigrants would look like at Ellis Island. It highlights the diversities

between different immigrants who were coming from foreign lands from all over the world. It

helps readers better comprehend the text about people and cultures.

Face of America: Ellis Island Immigration Museum. Great Museums Television. Great

Museums, 2016. Web. 5 Jan. 2016.

<http://greatmuseums.org/explore/more/face_of_america_ellis_island_immigration_mus

eum>.

This is a video that talks about the specific people and cultures that passed through Ellis

Island. It enhances the page by adding a video that is relatable to previous pages and

texts.

Fisher, Leonard Everett. Ellis Island Gateway to the New World. N.p.: Leonard Everett Fisher, 1986.

Print.

This book gives information on the different parts and features of Ellis Island. Additionally it

states in depth the origins of Ellis Island, and how it came to be one of the most influential

Immigration centers of America.

Gale, Thomson. "Ellis Island." Encyclopedia.com. Cengage Learning, 2016. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

<http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Ellis_Island.aspx>.

This picture shows the different people and cultures at Ellis Island. When combined with the text

it gives the viewer a better understanding of the text, as it supports it.

God Bless America. Songwriters Hall Of Fame. Songwriters Hall Of Fame, 2015. Web. 29 Dec.

2015. <http://www.songwritershalloffame.org/audio/C3>.

God Bless America is a song written by Irving Berlin, a composer who passed through Ellis

Island. This song gives an audio aide to the page talking about Irving Berlin, as well as making

the page more exciting to view.

Golden, Janet. E-mail interview. 14 May 2016.

This is our interview with the director of the history program at Rutgers University. We

contacted and interviewed her via email, and utilized many of her answers into text and

quotes.

The Great Hall. History. A&E television networks, 2015. Web. 29 Dec. 2015.

<http://www.history.com/topics/ellis-island/videos/deconstructing-history-ellis-island>.

This picture shows a depiction of what Ellis Island’s Great Hall looked like from 1892 to 1954. It

gives a visual aide, and helps readers imagine how the Great Hall looked like, when thousands of

immigrants were passing through it daily.

Green, Jesse. "Immigrant Number One." New York 9 May 2010: n. pag. Nymag. Web. 27 Dec.

2015. <http://nymag.com/news/features/65902/>.

This source provides background information about Annie Moore and her experience in Ellis

Island. It describes her travels with her brother, and how her passing through Ellis Island opened

waves of immigration until Ellis Island closed in 1954.

"Hard Quiz for Naturalization." Daily Gate City and Constitution- Democrat [Keokuk] 17 Jan.

1990: 2. Print.

This is a newspaper that describes an immigrant whose name was changed after passing through

Ellis Island. It also describes the reasons why many immigrants names were changed when

passing through Ellis Island.

Hillstrom, Kevin. The Dream of America--Immigration 1870-1920. "Ellis Island." FactCite:

Omnigraphics Defining Moments Online. Lincoln Lib. P, 2014. Web. 24 Nov. 2015.

This source gives information on the immigrants processed at Ellis Island, and the struggles they

faced, especially women and children, after they passed. Additionally it states information about

commissioners that positively impacted the immigration center.

Image of the New York Harbor. Liberty Ellis Foundation. National Park Service, n.d. Web. 8

Apr. 2016. <http://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/ellis-timeline>.

This picture shows a view of the New York harbor, which as the busiest harbor in terms of

migration. It is a visual aide that helps understand where the majority of the steamships docked,

before immigrants took a ferry to Ellis Island.

"The Immigrant Experience Comes to Life." Liberty Ellis Foundation. Statue of Liberty-Ellis

Island Foundation, 2015. Web. 29 Dec. 2015.

<http://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/immigration-museum>.

This source is a photograph of the large crowd of immigrants arriving to Ellis Island off the

steamships. It captures the joy of many steerage class passengers, who are happy to be off the

ships and ready to hopefully pass through Ellis Island.

"Immigrants aboard the GRAF." Cruising the Past. Cruising the Past, 2014. Web. 14 May 2016.

<http://cruiselinehistory.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Screen-shot-2011-04-23-at-

9.35.49-AM.png>.

This picture was used in our encounter cultures and ideas section. It shows immigrants about

steamships boats, encountering many cultures and ideas daily, so this picture describes the entire

encounter section.

Immigrants Arrive at Ellis Island in Archive Footage. Daily Mail. Associated Newspaper, 26 Oct. 2015.

Web. 29 Dec. 2015. <http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3290843/The-origins-American-

melting-pot-Register-clerk-s-photographs-capture-wonderfully-diverse-people-settled-States-

passed-Ellis-Island.html>.

This source shows clips of Ellis Island immigrants during the time it was open and the types of

ethnicities that passed. Also, this archive summarizes the medical exam and detainment. It is used

on our thesis statement page, because it provides a nice introduction of Ellis Island, before going

on to the rest of our website.

"Immigrants Arrive at Ellis Island, 1922." Daily News. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

<http://www.nydailynews.com/services/new-york-then-now/manhattan/daily-news-iconic-

images-gallery-1.1847822?pmSlide=1.1847783>.

This picture shows immigrants in steerage which helps enhance the new ideas of food made on

the ships. It emphasizes on the poor condition of steerage class passengers, which is needed in

order to support our text in the traveling, people and cultures, and the comfort and privacy tabs.

Immigrants arriving to Ellis Island. Liberty Ellis Foundation. Statue of Liberty - Ellis Island Foundation,

2015. Web. 29 Dec. 2015. <http://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/annie-moore>.

This source gives a photograph of emigrants exchanging conversation, when they were about to

enter Ellis Island. It shows people with a variety of emotions, depending on the topic of

conversation. It helps support the various texts about conversations.

"Immigrants Crowding Deck to See Ellis Island." ABC News. ABC News Internet Venture, 2015. Web.

29 Dec. 2015.

This source gives a second photograph on how the immigrants yearned to see a glimpse of Ellis

Island, and how the Statue of Liberty represented hope. It shows a frequent occurrence on the

steamships, and adds a visual aide to the text.

Immigrants view the Statue of Liberty in 1910 as they approach Ellis Island in New York City. US News.

"Immigration and Discrimination." Cartoon. Toon Pool. Toon Pool, 2011. Web. 13 May 2016.

This is a photographs of thousand of migrants hoping to immigrate to America, crowding

the decks to catch a glimpse of the Statue of Liberty, which symbolized hope and

prosperity In the new land.

US News & World, 2015. Web. 29 Dec. 2015. <http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2014/11/20/a-

history-of-immigration-reform>.

This source provides an illustration on how the Immigrants would crowd the decks to get a

glimpse of the Statue of Liberty. It is used in conjunction with the other picture to help readers

better comprehend our text.

"Immigration: Ellis Island." History. A+E Networks, 2016. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

<http://www.history.com/topics/u-s-immigration-before-1965/pictures/immigration-ellis-

island/emigrant-children-at-ellis-island>.

This picture shows young children, who look very different, getting Christmas presents at Ellis

Island. We used this to show that being at Ellis Island didn’t stop people from following their

religion, and staying true to their culture.

"Immigration: Immigrants on Ellis Island." Britannica Kids. Encyclopedia Britannica, 2016. Web. 21

Feb. 2016. <http://kids.britannica.com/comptons/art-107781/Immigrants-on-Ellis-Island-eat-

their-first-Christmas-dinner-in>.

This picture is used in providing a visual on how the Ellis Island kitchen looked and what people

ate there. We chose this picture because it shows that the cafeteria had just enough variety to feed

everyone, but it was nothing spectacular.

"The Immigration Museum at the Ellis Island National Monument." New York Times. New York Times

Company, 2016. Web. 8 Apr. 2016.

This is a photograph of the Ellis Island National Museum, and is used in our timeline, to signify

when Ellis Island was deemed part of the Statue of Liberty Monument, as well as its restoration

project.

Immigration quota comic. American Historama. American Historama, n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2016.

This comic is an appropriate graphic to clearly depict what the quotas did in a simple, yet

effective way. It is a political cartoon on Ellis Island which shows both sides of the immigration

quota act.

"Inspection Card." Invitation Templates. Invitation Templates, 2016. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

<https://blackdiamondhistory.files.wordpress.com/2013/12/inspection-card.jpg>.

This source is a picture of an inspection card to add some documents to our website. It is used to

show how actual immigration documents looked like at the Ellis Island Immigration station.

"Interviewing Newcomers." Heritage Discovery Center. Johnston Area Heritage Association, 2005. Web.

5 Jan. 2016. <http://jaha.org/edu/discovery_center/push-pull/img/ellis_album/index.html>.

This picture shows some immigrants walking towards Ellis Island and is used as our background,

because it fits into our picture theme of black and white, as well as providing a proper backdrop

for our information.

Italian Welfare League. Center of Migration Studies. CMS Archives, 2016. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

<http://archives.cmsny.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/cms003_bx78_pr_sewing658-

470x260.jpg>.

This picture shows some members of the Italian Welfare League, an idea made by Italians for

Italians, for their safety at Ellis Island. This picture gives a visual aide on cultures and ideas,

when information about different support groups were being stated.

"Itallian Immigration at Ellis Island (1892-1954)." Italian American Social Club of Orlando. Italian

American Social Club of Orlando, n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

This website gives information on how immigrants interacted with each other in detainment and

formed new ideas and leagues. Additionally it describes the specific roles of the members in the

Italian welfare league, and the society for the protection of Italian immigrants.

Janet Golden. Rutgers University. State University of New Jersey, 2016. Web. 14 May 2016.

<http://dept.camden.rutgers.edu/history/files/janet-golden-aug-2013.jpg>.

This is our interview with Janet Golden who is the director of the History program at Rutgers

University. We contacted and interviewed Ms. Golden via email, and throughout our website her

answers will be incorporated into text and quotes.

Kraut, Alan. Telephone interview by Ankhitha Manjunatha and Akshatha Manjunatha. 14 May

2016.

This is our interview with Alan Kraut who is in the department of Immigration History.

He is the head at the University of Washington, in Washington D.C. Throughout our

website his information is located in text and quotes.

"Landed on Ellis Island: New Immigration Buildings Opened Yesterday." The Statue of Liberty-

Ellis Island. Statue of Liberty - Ellis Island Foundation, 2016. Web. 14 May 2016.

<http://assets.libertyellisfoundation.org/cms/editor/immigration1.jpg>.

This is a photograph of Ellis Island after restoration. It helps readers better comprehend

our text because it relates to the text it is being associated with. This picture was used in

our conclusion page.

A landmark restored. National Park Service. National Park Service, 2016. Web. 9 Apr. 2016.

<https://www.nps.gov/elis/learn/historyculture/places_silent_voices.htm>.

This is an image of Ellis Island before it was going through restoration. It is a visual aide do

describe the condition Ellis Island was in after it closed, and before president Lyndon B. Johnson

ordered the restoration of Ellis Island.

Lee, Chang W. Army folk. Liberty Ellis Foundation. National Park Service, 2016. Web. 9 Apr. 2016.

<http://mobile.nytimes.com/2008/09/25/nyregion/25ellis.html?_r=0&referer=>.

This is an image of an army folk at the Ellis Island Museum, because the island was also used as

an army base for various activities. Many of the rooms at Ellis Island were utilized by the coast

guard, so this picture helps add a visual to our timeline.

Levine, Ellen. If Your Name Was Changed at Ellis Island. Illus. Wayne Parmenter. Broadway: Scholastic,

1993. Print.

This book gives an overview of the immigration process, when going through Ellis Island.

Additionally, information is given about firsthand impressions from immigrants passing though

Ellis Island. It is organized in a set of questions and answers with small anecdotes, which helped

us find our information easily.

Literacy test comic. Time Rime. Time Rime, 2015. Web. 9 Apr. 2016.

<http://timerime.com/en/event/210243/Emergency+Quota+Act/>.

This is a comic about how immigrants had to pass a literacy test, in order to be allowed to pass

into America. It also describes why the amount of immigrants peaked before these laws were

reinforced.

"Lyndon B Johnson." Liberty Ells Foundation. National Park Service, 2016. Web. 9 Apr. 2016.

<http://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/ellis-timeline>.

This is an image of Lyndon B. Johnson, who was president during the time Ellis Islands was

open. His picture adds a visual aide to the section about how Lyndon B. Johnson helped declare

Ellis Island a national monument as well as restoring.

"The Main Building of Ellis Island, 1905." Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica, 2015. Web. 29 Dec.

2015.

This picture provides a visual on how the aesthetical appearance of the main building of Ellis

Island looks like. It is used on our slideshow on the homepage, because it provides an

aesthetically appeasing photograph.

"Manifest Registration." Historic Ellis Island. Save Ellis Island, 2016. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

<http://www.saveellisisland.org/gallery/historic-ellis-island/>.

This picture is a document of a manifest of one of Ellis Island’s ships and adds to the Exploration

section. It provides an accurate depiction which we felt was needed to help viewers understand

the information better.

A man waving to Ellis Island. NY Daily News. NYDailyNews.com, 2016. Web. 9 Apr. 2016.

<http://assets.nydailynews.com/polopoly_fs/1.2008269.1415817083!/img/httpImage/image.jpg_g

en/derivatives/gallery_1200/ellis-island.jpg>.

This is an image symbolic of Ellis Island shutting down, and the immigration process slowing

down. It captures the feeling of Ellis Island being closed, but at the same time, being declared a

national monument.

Markel, Howard. "Before Ebola, Ellis Island's Terrifying Examinations." PBS Newshour. Newshour

Production, 2016. Web. 21 Feb. 2016. <http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/october-15-1965-

remembering-ellis-island/>.

This picture shows how people encountered the examinations in the Great Hall. It emphasizes the

point that the majorities of immigrants were frightened by just the thought of Ellis Island, and

provides a detailed description of the step by step process.

McGeehan, Patrick. "Statue of Liberty Concessionaire Wins Contract Renewal, at Ellis Island." The New

York Times [New York] 1 Dec. 2008: n. pag. The New York Times. Web. 28 Mar. 2016.

<http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/02/nyregion/02ellis.html?_r=0>.

This is a newspaper article written about Ellis Island, and how it became declared a national

monument. It describes how and when it was declared a national monument, as well as the

restoration process.

Moreno, Barry. Telephone interview. 13 May 2016.

This is our interview with National Park Service ranger, Barry Moreno. He is a librarian and

historian at the Bob Hope Memorial Library at Ellis Island. Throughout our website many of his

answers were incorporated into the text and as quotes.

Muhammad, Ozier. "Story of the First through Ellis Island Is Rewritten." The New York Times. New York

Times, 2016. Web. 8 Apr. 2016.

<http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2006/09/14/nyregion/14annie600.2.jpg>.

This is an article about the first immigrant passing through Ellis Island, Annie Moore. This is a

rewritten version of the earlier newspaper article written about Annie Moore, who was the first

immigrant to pass through Ellis Island. It is rewritten in a more modern fashion, therefore making

the newspaper more comprehendible.

"The Original Immigration Center C.1892-1897." National Park Service. National park service, n.d. Web.

29 Dec. 2015. <http://www.nps.gov/elis/learn/historyculture/places_immigration.htm>.

This website gives information on the original Ellis Island's aesthetic appearance. It also describes

general information about Ellis Island which is key information, when stating Ellis Island’s

significance in history. We used it to further develop our significance in history section.

"The Original Immigration Station." National Park Service. National Park Service, 2016. Web. 8 Apr.

2016. <https://www.nps.gov/elis/learn/historyculture/images/OldEllis.jpg>.

This picture was used in a timeline to show a picture of old Ellis Island before the fire. It provides

a visual aid to the section of the interactive timeline that describes the structure of Ellis Island

before the fire.

"Pre- 1790." The Statue of Liberty- Ellis Island Foundation. Statue of Liberty- Ellis Island Foundation,

2016. Web. 21 Feb. 2016. <http://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/immigration-timeline>.

This picture shows immigrants viewing the statue of liberty. We used this to support our text

about immigrants using the Statue of Liberty to symbolize how the statue of liberty showed that

America was full of hope and prosperity.

"Screening." Daily Mail. Associated Newspapers, 2016. Web. 9 Apr. 2016.

<http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2014/09/26/1411768728904_wps_2_1920_Original_caption_192.j

pg>.

This image shows an immigrant being tested to see if he had any contagious diseases. It helped

the reader better visualize what examination processes were going on. This information was used

to strengthen our point on examinations.

Samuel Ellis using Ellis Island as a fishing tavern before it was an immigration center. The Statue of

Liberty- Ellis Island. Statue of Liberty - Ellis Island Foundation, 2016. Web. 8 Apr. 2016.

<http://assets.libertyellisfoundation.org/cms/editor/DutchSettlers315x300.jpg>.

This picture provides an illustration of Samuel Ellis using Ellis Island as a fishing tavern, before

it was an immigration center. It is used as a visual aide in the section talking about how the land

was used, before becoming a federal immigration center in our timeline.

"U.S Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter." Immigration to United States.

ImmigrationtoUnitedStates.org, n.d. Web. 27 Mar. 2016.

<http://immigrationtounitedstates.org/uploads/posts/2011-11/1322681546_felix-frankfurter.png>.

This picture shows a visual of Felix Frankfurter, one of Ellis Island’s famous immigrants. It adds

to the section about immigrants impact, as he was an immigrant that showed that he could make a

successful career in America.

Vincent Cannato. The Washington Post. Washington Post, 2016. Web. 14 May 2016.

<https://img.washingtonpost.com/wp-

apps/imrs.php?src=http://img.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp-

content/uploads/2015/10/VincentCannato.jpg&w=180&h=180>.

This is a picture of one of our interviewees, Vincent Cannato. We chose this picture because it

was from a credible newspaper, and gave a visual aide to the person that we interviewed for our

website.

"What's Old Is New Again." Nieman Reports. Harvard, 2016. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.

<http://niemanreports.org/articles/whats-old-is-new-again/>.

This picture shows a depiction of an immigrant worker checking a child’s scalp for any diseases

like lice. It is used in the examinations tab aside a picture describing what the specific chalk

marks stand for.