REQUEST FOR FUNDING

UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY

Country:  BURKINA FASO

Project Title: Elaboration of the National Adaptation Program of Action (NAPA) in the Area of Climate Change

GEF Focal Area: Climate change

GEF Implementing Agency: UNDP

GEF Operational Focal Point: This document was endorsed by the GEF Operational Focal Point, Mr. Jean-Baptiste KAMBOU, on 14 March 2003.

Focal Point for the Convention on Climate Change: Mr. Mamadou HONADIA, 03 BP 7044

Ouagadougou 03 - Tel.: 00226 24 02 40, fax: 00226 33 24 75, E-mail: honadia@fasonet.bf and honadia@voila.fr

National Execution Agency: Directorate of International Environmental Conventions/DGE

Country’s Eligibility: (i) As a LDC: Registered on the list of LDC’s (ii) Date of ratification of UNFCCC: 2 September 1993 (signed 12 June 1992)

GEF Funding: US$ 200,000

National Contribution (in-kind): US$ 20,000

Projected Start-Up Date: June 2003

Duration: 15 months

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CONTENTS Page

I Introduction 5

II General Context of NAPA Proposal 62.1. Human and Geographic Aspects 62.2. Economy Overview 62.3. Water Resources 72.4. Agriculture 82.5. Livestock 82.6. Fisheries 82.7. Energy 82.8. Transportation 92.9. Handicrafts 92.10. Health 92.11. Climate Change 9

III Current Institutional Context in the Environmental Sector 10

IV Objectives of the NAPA Proposal and Linkages with Ongoing Activities 124.1. Overall Objective 124.2. Linkages with Ongoing or Completed Enabling Activities, Plans and Programmes 12

V Review of Prior or Ongoing Operational Investment Activities 17

VI Specific Objectives, Activities to be Implemented and Expected Results 216.3 Activity 1.1: Procurement of Project Goods and Services 216.4 Activity 1.2: Creation of NAPA Steering Committee 226.5 Activity 1.3: Creation of a Multidisciplinary Team 236.6 Activity 2.1: Identification of Sectors and Areas Vulnerable to Climate Change 246.7 Activity 2.2: Identification of Potential Adaptation Options 246.8 Activity 3.1: Selection of Priority Adaptation Measures and Development of Project Proposals 256.9 Activity 4.1: Production of the NAPA Document 256.10 Activity 5.1: Adoption of the NAPA Document 266.11 Activity 6.1: Dissemination of the NAPA Document 26

VII Institutional Arrangements Considered for Monitoring and Coordination 27

VIII Information on the Project Executing Agency 28

Annex 1: Organizational Chart of the Ministry of Environment Annex 2: Project Budget Annex 3: Schedule of Activities Annex 4: Terms of Reference of the National Technical Assistant

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Annex 5: Terms of Reference of the Secretary/BookkeeperAnnex 6: Order Providing for the Assignment of Agents/Reorganization of the Ministry of Environment

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List of Abbreviations

AGRHYMET Agricultural, Hydrological and Meteorological programme

BSAP Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan

CILSS Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel [Comité Inter-Etats de Lutte contre la Sécheresse dans le Sahel]

CIMAC Interministerial Committee for the Implementation of the Framework Convention on Climate Change [Comité Inter-Ministériel pour la Mise en Œuvre des Actions de la Convention-Cadre sur les Changements Climatiques]

CONAGESE National Council for Environmental Management [Conseil National pour la Gestion de l’Environnement]

CONEDD National Council for Environment and Sustainable Development [Conseil National pour l’Environnement et le Développement Durable]

DCIE Directorate of International Environmental Conventions [Direction des Conventions Internationales en matière d’Environnement]

DGE General Directorate of Environment [Direction Générale de l’Environnement]

FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

GEF Global Environment Facility

GHG Greenhouse gas

HDI Human Development Index

IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature

MEE Ministry of Environment and Water [Ministère de l’Environnement et de l’Eau]

NAPA National Adaptation Program of Action [Programme d’Actions National d’Adaptation]

NAPA-SC National Adaptation Program of Action Steering Committee [Comité directeur du Programme d’Actions National d’Adaptation – CD-PANA]

ONEA National Office for Water and Sanitation [Office National de l’Eau et de l’Assainissement]

PAN/LCD National Action Programme to Combat Desertification [Programme d’Action National de Lutte contre la Désertification]

PIDZA Integrated Programme for Arid Zones [Programme Intégré des Zones Arides]

SNDD National Strategy for Sustainable Development [Stratégie Nationale pour un Développement Durable]

SOFITEX Society of Textile Fibres [Société des Fibres Textiles]

UEMOA West African Economic and Monetary Union [Union Economique et Monétaire des Etats d’Afrique de l’Ouest]

UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

WWF World Wide Fund for Nature

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List of Tables, Figures and AnnexesPage

Tables:

- Table 1: GDP Change and Sectoral Trends between 1995 and 1999 6- Table 2: Average flows and annual surface water inflows by watershed 7- Table 3: Relative shares of sources of energy by economic sector and by source 9

Figures:

- Figure 1: Project institutional framework.

Annexes: Annex 1: Organizational Chart of the Ministry of Environment Annex 2: Project Budget Annex 3: Schedule of Activities Annex 4: Terms of Reference of the National Technical Assistant Annex 5: Terms of Reference of the Secretary/Bookkeeper Annex 6: Order Providing for the Assignment of Agents/Reorganization

of the Ministry of Environment.

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I INTRODUCTION

1.1. Burkina Faso submitted its First National Communication to the Executive Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in April 2002.

1.2. Based on lessons learnt during the formulation of the First National Communication and in view of the difficulties encountered by Burkina as a Least Developed Country (LDC), it has appeared increasingly necessary that the country become involved in discussions on specific issues regarding vulnerability and adaptation. In agreement with most LDCs, Burkina – with the help of Uganda, Vanuatu and the Gambia – supported the decision to set up a programme devoted to the specific vulnerability/adaptation issues faced by LDCs. In this regard, Article 4.2 of the UNFCCC provides for support to be granted to LDCs to help them improve their next national communications.

1.3. The National Adaptation Program of Action (NAPA) is aimed at contributing to the elaboration of a practical reference document and identifying priority activities and urgent needs to help mitigate the impacts of climate change. Beyond the purpose of mobilizing resources in order to control identified impacts, its goal is also and more importantly to implement a participatory process which will involve all stakeholders in a transparent, sustainable manner.

1.4. This NAPA proposal is organized as follows: Chapter II gives a presentation of the country’s general context, its population, its geography and its economy. Chapter III is a brief overview of the institutional context of the environmental sector, describing the various actors and their roles. Chapter IV establishes linkages between Burkina’s NAPA initiative and the strategies and policies in effect in the environmental sector, highlighting the complementary nature of the proposed activities and the concerns of the Government, civil society, NGO and the poorest social groups. Chapter V provides a review of projects and programmes carried out on the ground, pointing out their weaknesses and drawing lessons for future activities. Chapter VI deals with the specific objectives of this NAPA proposal, describing the activities to be conducted in order to overcome the constraints identified in Chapter V and listing the expected outputs. This proposal benefited from the contributions of the Burkinabe Institute for Environment and Agricultural Research, the Meteorology, Hydraulics, Water and Forestry departments, and various other local actors.

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II GENERAL CONTEXT OF THE NAPA PROPOSAL

2.1. Human and Geographic Aspects

2.1.1 Burkina Faso, a Sahelian country with a land area of 274 200 sq. km and a population of approximately 11.5 million, is subject to the drastic effects of climate variability which impinge upon its development. Its climate is of the sudano-sahelian type, with two contrasted seasons, a rainy season from June to September and a dry season generally from November to April, May and October being transitional months. The northern reaches of the country are dryer, with the rainy season becoming increasingly longer as one moves to the South. Plant formations vary according to climate zones and show considerable variations from North to South. The landform is generally flat with occasional rugged areas. The river system consists mainly of intermittent streams, except for the rivers in the South-West and South-East. As a result of the varied bioclimatic conditions and diverse geological substratum, the country contains several types of soils of uneven quality.

2.1.2. Burkina Faso per capita Gross National Product is approximately US$300, which places it in the LDC category. According to UNDP’s yearly ranking of world countries for 1999, it ranks 169th with a Human Development Index (HDI) of 0.320. Its annual economic growth is strongly dependant on the performance of the primary sector, and more specifically the agriculture sub-sector.

2.1.3. Like other countries in the Sahel region, the country has been in the grip of a quasi-chronic drought which has dealt a severe blow to its natural resources and production systems since the 1970’s.

2.1.4 According to the General Population and Habitat Census (RGPH 1996), the population of Burkina reached 10,312,609 people, with a yearly growth rate of 2.4%. Population density was 37.6 per sq. km in 1996, with variable distribution over the national territory (11 to 122 per sq. km). The sex structure reveals a predominance of women over men (51.1% against 48.9%).

2.2 General Economic Overview

2.2.1. Burkina’s economic performance over the past two decades was particularly uneven due to the country’s vulnerability to natural and climatic impacts, its sensitivity to regional political unrest and the deteriorating terms of trade. Its GDP did, however, increase thanks to investment efforts and good performance in the secondary and tertiary sectors, as shown in the table below.

Table 1: GDP change and sectoral trends from 1995 to 1999

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999GDP (billions of 1990 CFAF) 1175.4 1298.4 1390.1 1522.4 1625.5GDP Share of primary sector (%) 32 32.8 29.9 30.2 30.5GDP Share of secondary sector (%) 24.7 23.8 25.3 26.2 26.1GDP Share of tertiary sector (%) 37.2 37.7 38.8 38.1 38.6Source: Ministry of Economy and Finance (1999)

2.2.2. It should be pointed out that the economy is heavily reliant on the primary sector, which is dominated by low yield cereal production, exposed to climate variability, and often practised on marginal soils. Commercial crops are essentially represented by cotton, which is the main source of export income for the country, in particular since the change of currency parity in 1994.

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2.2.3. The secondary sector is still embryonic and not very dynamic, focussing on the transformation of primary sector goods (e.g., agriculture and textile). It is severely constrained by the high cost of production inputs (the highest in the entire region) and the country’s landlocked geographic position. Nevertheless, mining now offers new opportunities with the adoption of the Mining Code in 1997. In addition, activities in the construction and public works sector have been fairly dynamic these past few years, although they remain dependant on public investment and therefore foreign aid. Energy consumption is based largely on primary resources, in particular wood, which is the main source of energy for most Burkinabe households. As to the modern energy sector, the country remains largely dependant on the international prices of gas and oil.

2.2.4. The tertiary sector has been undergoing substantial development over the past few years. It consists for the most part of activities in the informal sector, focussing on the transportation and marketing of primary and secondary sector goods.

2.3 Water Resources

2.3.1. Most water resources are brought by precipitations with high interannual variations. Maximum rainfall occurs in July-August and leads to significant runoff which may seep into the ground to feed into the aquifers. However, high evapo-transpiration rates (2,000 mm/year) impinge upon stream perenniality and water table replenishment.

2.3.2. A total volume of 7.5 billion cubic meters of water flows out from the national territory to neighbouring countries. Some 4.7 billion cubic meters can be stored on the territory, of which 1.7 billion at the Bagré dam and 2 billion cubic meters at the Kompienga dam. However, only after several years of good rainfall are required to fill up the dams adequately. Table 2 below shows water inflows and the respective shares of the country’s river basins.

Table 2: Average flows and annual surface water inflows by watershed

National Watershed

Surface in percentage of Burkina Faso area

Annual inflows at confluences or at exit of Burkina territory (million m3)-- 1974-1985 Period

Average flows and annual inflows at confluences or at exit of Burkina territory (million m3) - 1961-1999 Period

Average interannual flows

Annual inflows

Comoé 7 1,224 49,1 1,550Nakambé 30 2,098 77,4 2,440Mouhoun 36 2,957 83,7 2,640Niger 27 1,375 27,4 865TOTAL 100 7,654 237,6 7,495

Sources:  1974-1985 Period, “Water Balance”; 1961-1999 Period, “Programme GIRE”

2.3.3. Burkina Faso’s groundwater resources are estimated at 113.5 billion cubic meters of which only 9.5 billion cubic meters are renewable, useable reserves. The major aquifers are located in the sedimentary areas in the western and south-western areas and their replenishment is also dependant on annual rainfall.

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2.4 Agriculture

2.4.1. Agriculture in Burkina is extensive, little mechanized, using limited inputs and dominated by small family farms. Since the 1972-1973 drought, the country has recorded important cereal shortfalls, barely achieving food sufficiency even in good years. Food crops account for 80% of total crop acreages (millet, sorghum and maize mainly). The main commercial crop is cotton. In 1998, agriculture brought in some 60% of the country’s total export income.

2.4.2. It should also be noted that the main form of agriculture practised in Burkina is subsistence farming, with most of the cereal production going to home consumption on farms, except for rice, which is marketed along with groundnuts and vegetable and food crops.

2.4.3. One of the major constraints in this sector is its strong dependence on climate variability. In the southern part of the country, rainfed crops are possible on all lands, whereas in the north, they are grown only on sandy soils and in lowlands, lowland rice being practically the only irrigated crop.

2.5 Livestock

2.5.1. Livestock breeding is based on extensive use of natural pastures with limited use of agricultural and industrial by-products. The second source of foreign currency for the country after cotton, the livestock subsector brought in 24% of the country’s export income in 1998.

2.5.2. In 1998, the livestock population was estimated at nearly 20 million heads of which 4 million cattle and 14 million sheep and goats. The northern region is an area of essentially transhumant livestock herding, followed by the semi-arid zone and the subhumid zone where animal production tends to be sedentary and practised by crop farmers.

2.5.3. The extensive nature of crop and animal production imposes high constraints on already fragile natural resources, in particular in the heavily populated areas on the central plateau. The reduction of fallow periods, overgrazing and excessive firewood harvesting to supply urban centres has a direct impact on deforestation and vegetal cover destruction.

2.6 Fisheries

2.6.1. Surface waters cover more than 100,000 hectares. Burkina has substantial fishing potential but production falls short of meeting all the needs of the population. Long a marginal activity, fishing is now encouraged and fish production registered a sharp increase with the creation of numerous reservoirs (impoundments of the Kompienga, Bagré and Sourou dams and others). Thus at the national level, the annual average fish consumption per capita increased from 1.3 kg in the 1980’s to 2 kg in the 1990’s (FAO, 1990). Fishing is an important microeconomic component at household level.

2.7 Energy

2.7.1. Fuelwood is the most widely used source of energy for households, for food preparation, followed by charcoal, gas and kerosene. Electric power is provided essentially by thermal plants in Ouagadougou, Bobo-Dioulasso and other cities in the country. Hydroelectric power is supplied by the Kompienga and Bagré plants and two mini-power plants at Tourni and Niofila on the Comoé River. Projects with Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire should bring about a decrease in production costs and improve

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Burkina’s energy balance. A policy for rural electrification using solar energy has been implemented over the past few years.

2.7.2. As regards petroleum products, Burkina is entirely dependant on foreign sources and obtains its supplies from harbours in Ghana, Togo, Benin and Côte d’Ivoire. The table below shows the relative shares of the various sources of energy in the country’s economic sectors and the importance of biomass in the tertiary and household sector.

Table 3: Relative shares of sources of energy by economic sector and by source

Source of energyEconomic sector

Biomass(%)

Hydrocarbons (%)

Electricity(%)

Industry 0.7 7 44Transportation - 75 -Households & Tertiary sector 97.7 55Agriculture 1.6 Traces Traces

Source: SP-CONAGESE (1998)

2.8 Transportation

2.8.1. Burkina Faso is a land-locked country with no direct access to the sea. Communication routes and means of transportation are of vital importance for the country. Burkina Faso is an important transit point to Niger and Mali. Only 16% of the road system, estimated at 13,117 km, was paved in 1997. The country has a railroad system linking it to Côte d’Ivoire, two international airports (Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso) and a few national airfields.

2.9 Handicrafts

2.9.1. Handicrafts are produced in both urban and rural areas, with different specializations according to each region : basket weaving and pottery in the Houet, Comoé and Kénédougou areas, tannery and shoe production in Sanmatenga, Soum, Séno and Oudalan, pottery in Kouritenga, Poni, etc. Sewing and leathercraft workshops are concentrated in larger cities such as Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso.

2.10 Health

2.10.1. The health situation, although improving, is characterized by a very high infant mortality rate. Epidemics, mainly meningitis, claim lives every year. Only 7 out of 10 children reach their fifth birthday. Infant mortality is lower in the cities than in rural areas. There is only one physician for each 41,000 people; this ratio is higher in urban areas.

2.10.2. According to several studies conducted in the country, the nutritional status of most of the population may be considered normal; approximately 30% of the children and women are slightly undernourished and 1 to 5% severely undernourished.

2.11 Climate Change

2.11.1. Until recently, the climate change phenomenon was not well known in Burkina Faso despite proven causal relations and effects on agricultural productivity and poverty, in rural areas in particular. It is

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the UNFCCC implementation process, following ratification on 2 September 1993 by the Burkina Government, which resulted in increased awareness in the country and climate change issues being taken into consideration within Government entities at various decision levels. The implications of the negative climate evolution on the country’s economic activity need to be assessed more accurately, but there is no doubt as to their seriousness. Planning tools were elaborated in order to provide decision-makers with information on the future impacts of climate change. Thus, for instance, the First National Communication of Burkina Faso on Climate Change mentions a number of difficulties regarding cotton production, availability of drinking water for the population and forest production which are expected by 2025. These studies are about to be updated in order to formulate appropriate solutions for the economic sectors concerned.

2.11.2. Climate variability and climate change continue to affect the population’s living conditions and to have negative impacts on several other sectors. Human health, animal health, tourism, etc. are affected to varying degrees which will need to be determined using systematic assessment methods. In view of these challenges, by implementing its national strategy, Burkina Faso will attempt, together with its development partners, to mitigate possible negative impacts. The long experience acquired in drought control with the Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel (CILSS) and traditional knowledge in the area of adaptation are assets which will be used to ensure progress in the face of these problems.

III CURRENT INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SECTOR

3.1. Subsequent to the adhesion of Burkina Faso to UNFCCC in September 1993 and with the entry into force of the Convention in 1994, the Ministry in Charge of Environment put into place an informal consultation entity to monitor the implementation of the Convention. This entity was transformed into an Interministerial Committee for the Implementation of the Framework Convention on Climate Change (Comité Inter-Ministériel pour la Mise en Œuvre des Actions de la Convention-Cadre sur les Changements Climatiques – CIMAC), instituted by an interministerial order in February 1995. With technical and financial support from Denmark, CIMAC conducted a preliminary greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory and initiated a few studies for the reduction of GHG emissions.

3.2. In view of the fact that the environment constitutes a political stake, the government made it the top national priority. Also, in order to fully integrate the environment within the sustainable development process, plans, programmes and projects, a National Council for Environmental Management (Conseil National pour la Gestion de l’Environnement - CONAGESE) was created in 1995 (Article 7 of the Environmental Code, 1997).

3.3. CONAGESE provided an efficient consultation framework making it possible to integrate environmental concerns into the country’s social, economic and cultural development process. Its transformation in 2003 into the National Council for Environment and Sustainable Development (Conseil National pour l’Environnement et le Développement Durable - CONEDD), as mentioned in paragraph 3.8. below, ensures the preservation of past gains.

3.4. In 1998, with financial support from UNDP/GEF, thematic teams of independent national experts with representatives from public administrative entities conducted studies on GHG inventories, the mitigation of GHG emissions, and vulnerability and adaptation to climate in the agriculture, forestry and water resources sectors in Burkina Faso. These reports, together with the

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studies carried out for the elaboration of the Programme of Action to Combat Desertification and the Programme for Integrated Water Resource Management (Programme de Gestion Intégrée des Ressources en Eau - GIRE), provide good information to identify and characterize the country’s vulnerability to negative climate effects.

3.5. One of the important benefits bequeathed by CONAGESE is the outcome of a conference organized in March 2002. This conference produced, inter alia, the following results: (i) assessment of the status of environment in Burkina ; (ii) increased awareness among public authorities of the need to take sustainable development into consideration in development projects and programmes; and (iii) foundations for a new structure which would meet the expectations of the government and various stakeholders. Following the September 2002 ministerial restructuring, the new team of the Ministry of Environment and Living Conditions (see chart in Annex 1) made it its task to implement the recommendations of the March 2002 Conference. This resulted in a technical reorganization of the Ministry of Environment, leading to the creation of three General Directorates in charge of: (i) forestry and wildlife; (ii) better living conditions for the population; and (iii) Environmental preservation. The organizational chart in Annex 1 shows the relations between the General Directorate of Water and Forestry, the General Directorate for the Improvement of Living Conditions and the General Directorate of Environment of the General Secretariat of the Minister of Environment. In addition, there are several subsidiary services called “Attached Services”, a few of which are “administrative-like establishments” (EPA).

3.6. The creation of a General Directorate of Environment (Direction Générale de l’Environnement - DGE) responsible for the implementation of the Rio generation conventions, with the participation of other national and international entities active in the areas of environment and protection of the atmosphere, is the result of a political will to consolidate national efforts in these areas. The DGE includes (see Annex 1) one Directorate of International Environmental Conventions (Direction des Conventions Internationale en matière d’Environnement - DCIE) which will now be in charge of the three Rio generation conventions. The new policy regarding environment is currently being formulated.

3.7. As provided under Decree 2002-457 of 28 October 2002, establishing the Ministry of Environment and Living Conditions, the General Directorate of Environment is responsible, inter alia, for the following tasks:

- Support to the implementation mechanism of the National Action Plan to Combat Desertification,

- Monitoring of the desertification process, - Promoting the practice of environmental assessments,- Inventory of projects and programmes with major environmental impacts with a view to

taking remedial actions,- Monitoring the implementation of international convention, ensuring in particular their

integration within national programmes,- Promoting and implementing the national environmental education strategy.

3.8. In addition to the national restructuring of the environmental sector by the administrative entities, the efforts undertaken for the establishment of CONEDD also received support (technical assistance and advice) from several development partners represented in Burkina Faso.

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IV OBJECTIVES OF NAPA PROPOSAL AND LINKAGESWITH ONGOING ACTIVITIES

4.1 Overall Objective

4.1.1. The overall objective is to strengthen the contribution of the UNFCCC to poverty reduction in Burkina Faso through the elaboration of the National Action Programme for Adaptation.

4.1.2. Such an objective fits within the country’s social and economic development programme and must therefore, in its design, be understood as an important link in the strategic framework to fight poverty (Burkina Faso’s Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper - PRSP). This national reference document includes several development and investment programmes already under way or completed. The NAPA proposal will be a significant component of the strategy to fight poverty in that it will elaborate projects and programmes targeting specific environmental issues in Burkina Faso.

4.2. Linkages with Ongoing or Completed Enabling Activities, Plans and Programmes

4.2.1. The NAPA elaboration process is supported by GEF and development partners and will involve national stakeholders working in partnership and aimed at ensuring local ownership. The NAPA will complement existing orientation frameworks (Strategy Framework to Combat Poverty, Policy Letter on Decentralized Rural Development, National Action Programme to Combat Desertification, UNFCCC Implementation Strategy, and Strategy and Action Plan on Biodiversity), adding specific adaptation activities to be implemented as emergency measures. In order to ensure consistency and compatibility of the NAPA with existing programmes, a NAPA Steering Committee will be created with representation from the entities in charge of the various frameworks mentioned above.

4.2.2. Thus, within the context of the Conventions on biological diversity and climate change, the NAPA aims to mobilize substantial financial support in Burkina Faso, through GEF, in order to achieve significant progress. In addition, a PDF-A proposal to assess capacity-building needs was submitted to GEF through UNDP for approval in early 2002, in order to consolidate the implementation of the conventions mentioned above. It also deals with the status of the implementation of the National Agenda 21 plan, the implementation of the orientation frameworks mentioned earlier and the adoption of guidelines in connection with a sustainable development strategy. The NAPA will build on the gains and lessons learnt from these various programmes and will send a strong message to decision-makers regarding the threats to development while proposing possible adaptation measures to be applied in the immediate term.

4.2.3. In the energy sector, Burkina received assistance from the World Bank and Norway, which supported the implementation of a programme for the development of traditional energies (RPTES – Regional Program for the Traditional Energy Sector), with a series of workshops and studies conducted by local ministerial entities leading to investment programmes. UNDP-GEF and the World Bank are currently cofinancing activities to promote renewable energies within a project for the reform of the energy sector in Burkina Faso.

4.2.4. The brief review of specific activities pertaining to each of the Rio Conventions presented below will show the linkages existing between the NAPA proposal and concrete actions on the ground. In

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addition, it will highlight the results obtained by Burkina Faso and the scope of the Government’s current ambitions. The following analysis indicates both linkages at the level of strategy and policy formulation in the area of environmental management and linkages at the level of investment projects, some of which are presented in Chapter IV below.

4.2.5. Convention on Biological Diversity

National Monograph on Biodiversity in Burkina Faso

4.2.5.1. Under GEF Enabling Activities and as provided in Article 6 of the Convention on Biological Diversity, financial assistance from UNEP and UNDP in a total amount of US$ 599,561 enabled Burkina Faso to produce two important documents: the National Monograph on Biodiversity (project GF/0313-94-66) and the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan with the Country Report to the Conference of Parties (project BKF/96/G31).

4.2.5.2. These documents are the outcome of a participatory process including national and regional consultation workshops, one national workshop for the validation of project documents and a formal approval process by the Government. These activities were followed by broad dissemination of the main documents.

4.2.5.3. A total of 18 thematic studies on the status of biodiversity and 10 regional documents providing the basis for the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan were produced. Two national reports to the Conference of Parties were prepared. Finally, a Clearing House Mechanism on biodiversity in Burkina Faso was created.

4.2.5.4. The NAPA activities which are to be implemented based on the outcomes of this study will serve in turn to reinforce prior gains.

Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (BSAP)

4.2.5.5. The objectives were the following: (a) creating favourable conditions for better control of the erosion of the animal and plant species’ gene pool, and (b) defining a consensual reference framework designed to provide strong impetus for actions aimed at preserving and restoring species and their environments. In fact, the goal is to restore balances required to ensure sustainable development in the country.

4.2.5.6. In order to achieved these objectives, three priority areas for action have been identified:

- Conservation of biodiversity, in particular ecosystems and habitats, endemic and threatened species as well as plant and animal genetic resources, in particular those with added value at the economic and sociocultural levels;

- Sustainable use of biodiversity, particularly the integration of biodiversity concerns in production programmes and activities (promotion of appropriate cultivation practises, control of available resource stock and adaptation of exploitation to resource replenishment capacity;

- Fair and equitable sharing of benefits directly or indirectly derived from the use of biological resources (including cash and non-cash income as well as goods and services such as technology, training, technical materials, information, etc.).

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4.2.5.7. The implementation of the NAPA will take into consideration the major thrusts defined in this strategy regarding the selection and formulation of urgent, priority actions.

4.2.6. Convention on Climate Change

Burkina Faso’s National Communication under the UNFCCC

4.2.6.1. Project BKF/97/G31, titled “Enabling Burkina Faso to formulate its initial national communication under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)” is an activity which was implemented at the national level with funding from GEF/UNDP in accordance with Article 12 of the Convention for an amount of US$ 227,924. It was signed in January 1998 and started in February 1998. In 2000, Phase II of the project, in an amount of US$ 100,000, was negotiated in order to pursue work conducted under Phase I; work on Phase II started in January 2002.

4.2.6.2. The main outputs of Phase I were the adoption of the First National Communication on Climate Change in 2001 and one implementation tool, the National Strategy for the Implementation of the UNFCCC. Both documents are the result of a participatory approach and are based on various studies presented during national consultations.

4.2.6.3. Vulnerability and adaptation studies were conducted in 3 sectors : agriculture, forestry and water resources (Secrétariat Permanent du Conseil national pour la Gestion de l’Environnement, 2001). For each of these sectors exposure units were selected and the time horizon 2025 was considered.

For agriculture, the cotton production in the south western part of the country was considered. In the absence of climate change, the natural trend of decreasing rainfall could lead to a restriction of the cotton culture in the northern part of this region (mainly in the low lands) while the yields will decrease from 1,200 to 1;100 kg per ha. In case of climate change a slight rise in rainfall (as predicted from the climate change scenarios) as well as the temperature rise will allow an increase in cultivated areas of 30,000 ha as well as a yield’s increase (1,300 kg per ha) which will correspond to a production of 600,000 tons (against 500,000 tons without climate change). However, these good results could be counteracted by a diminution of the cotton’s price on the international market with further consequences on the national economy;

For forestry, the classified forest of Maro, in the western part of the country, was choosen. This forest contributes for a large part to the satisfaction of energetic needs of the surrounding populations as well as those of the nearest town, Bobo Dioulasso. In the absence of climate change these forestry resources will be threatened by a rapid demographic growth rate and this will induce deficit in energetic supply. It is considered that climate change will not induce significant effects on these forestry resources which are much more dependent on human activities;

Regarding water resources, the situation of potable water supply for the town of Ouagadougou was examined. This supply is ensured through the Loumbila dam. Statistical data indicate that the deficit in the mean annual flow is around 20%. In the absence of climate change and due to the increased demand, it is expected that the water deficit will be around 31 million cubic meters by 2025. In case of climate change, the two scenarios (increased and decreased rainfall) give a water deficit that will be respectively less than that expected in the absence of climate change (-15 million m 3) in the first case but worst in the second case (-34 million m3). This water deficit will have consequences not only on the population but also on industries located in the capital city.

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For each of these sectors, adaptation measures were suggested without any costing or prioritisation. Based on this first V&A study, it is recognized that the main vulnerable sectors are water and forestry due to the potential deficits in resources that will be induced by climate change. Two projects were elaborated to address a better management of water resources and an intensification of cotton culture together with a diversification of crops. Regarding forestry a project of conservation of the classified forest of Maro was presented under mitigation options.

Other sectors that are considered as vulnerable to climate change even if they were not analysed are the energy and health sectors. A general weakness in data collection and management as well as in the definition of the different policies and strategies was also pointed. Projects to increase the capacity of human resources, better data management as well as to develop public awareness on climate change were also presented.

4.2.6.4. The following activities are scheduled to be implemented during Phase II:

- Assess institutional needs for systematic observation,- Assess and validate technological needs in the sectors of energy, agriculture, livestock, water

resources and forestry,- Prepare a preliminary manual for technology transfer in Burkina Faso,- Develop a national programme on technological needs,- Contribute to the establishment of a documentation centre, etc.

4.2.6.5. In developing the NAPA programme, use will be made of the lessons learnt and needs identified during the assessment of technology needs aimed at facilitating UNFCCC implementation in Burkina Faso.

National Strategy for the Implementation of the UNFCCC

4.2.6.6. This strategy is organized on two main levels, as follows:

- The first level includes targeted actions contributing to the improvement of environmental and natural resource management in the major sectors with activities constituting greenhouse gas sources. At this level, options for reduction of GHG emissions are centred on the following two foci:

Sound management of natural resources, in particular crop land, pastures, water and forests;

Sound management of energy resources.

- The second level deals with issues pertaining to:

Improvement of the institutional framework; Development of national skills and capacities; Promotion of sub-regional, regional and international cooperation.

4.2.6.7. Overall, this approach achieved the following results:

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- Reinforce general awareness and knowledge of climate change issues;- Increase national capacities to take climate change into consideration in the planning and

formulation of development strategies;- Broaden the dialogue, information exchanges and cooperation between decision-makers and

other national actors, in particular NGOs and the private sector.

4.2.6.8. NAPA activities will specifically reinforce the strategic orientations proposed in the national strategy.

4.2.7. Convention to Combat Desertification

4.2.7.1. The main output of the activities centred on the Convention to Combat Desertification was the National Action Programme to Combat Desertification.

National Action Programme to Combat Desertification (PAN/LCD)

4.2.7.2. The objective was to create a framework for the mobilization and sustainable involvement of the various categories of actors and to promote a convergence of projects and programmes along strategic axes to combat desertification and poverty.

4.2.7.3. At the national level, the steering committee included representatives from public institutions, civil society and local communities. At the decentralized level, initially established ad hoc committees were abandoned in favour of a different approach consisting in strengthening existing institutional entities, with representation from the various categories of actors. Within the various groups of actors, specific internal dialogue mechanisms were put into place in order to enable each group to define more accurately its vision of what was at stake and to set its priorities.

4.2.7.4. The approach selected for the PAN/LCD consisted in building on a diagnosis of the state of natural resources and a review of experiments conducted to combat desertification, in order to set both sectoral and general priorities. Within this framework, the strategy is aimed at increasing consistency and leveraging synergies between the various projects and programmes while addressing specific constraints encountered in prior planning frameworks.

4.2.7.5. Essentially, the planned interventions are organized along seven major axes:

– Sustainable management of natural resources;– Improved living conditions for rural and semi-urban populations;– Creation of an enabling policy, legislative and institutional environment;– Skill development;– Strengthening of disadvantaged groups’ economic and negotiation capacities;– Technical and scientific cooperation;– Sub-regional, regional and international cooperation.

4.2.7.6. As regards the implementation strategy, this instrument is based on the operationalization of the local development concept and has been assigned the following three key functions:

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– Help establish a local government system;– Help create financial mechanisms for decentralized action;– Help develop requisite skills for action within the local development context.

4.2.8. Sustainable Development Strategy Creation Process

4.2.8.1. Within the Agenda 21 implementation process, guidelines for a National Sustainable Development Strategy (SNDD) were elaborated with the assistance of OECD and the international NGO “Conseil de la Terre”. The process involved an assessment of the strategic orientation frameworks and dialogues with various groups of actors, including the Government and its various entities, civil society and development partners.

4.2.8.2. As a result of this process, the strategic framework to combat poverty is considered the very foundation of sustainable development. The framework lists a set of priority development objectives which will be achieved by means of several programmes aimed at four broad strategic goals, i.e.:

- Accelerating growth and basing it on equity,- Guaranteeing access to basic social services for the poor,- Broadening opportunities for employment and income-generating activities for the poor,- Promoting good governance.

V REVIEW OF PRIOR OR ONGOING OPERATIONAL INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES

5.1. Activities conducted at the policy and strategy levels (see paragraphs 4.2.1 to 4.2.8) resulted in a number of concrete investment initiatives being implemented with varying degrees of success. This produced an experiential knowledge base which is now available to build on and which can be consolidated as a result of future NAPA outputs.

Subregional AGRHYMET Project

5.2. This project was developed with technical and financial support from Canada. It is aimed at developing capacities for adaptation to climate change with a view to reducing the Sahelian populations’ vulnerability to the impacts of climate change and variability. Currently in its start-up phase, this project will seek to: (a) improve knowledge on recent climate evolution by establishing a data bank; (b) increase national human capacities for climate change impact assessment; (c) strengthen information mechanisms on food security and natural resources management at the national and sub-regional levels.

5.3. The overall objective is to fight poverty through sustainable development of arid lands, leading to reduced vulnerability and improved living conditions. The initial phase will be implemented in three regions, i.e. the Northern region, the Centre-North region and the Sahel, because of their high aridity, high vulnerability and low Human Development Indices (HDI). Funding for the programme will be provided by UNDP through its Drylands Development Centre (former UNSO).

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5.4. The following three main outputs are expected upon completion of successful NAPA implementation:

- National policies and planning frameworks take into consideration the issues of dry zones and environment.

- The vulnerability of poor population groups to climate vagaries in arid zones is reduced and adaptation to climate change is improved.

- Dryland populations are provided with good local governance systems for natural resource management.

Burkinabe Sahel Programme

5.5. The Burkinabe Sahel Programme (Programme Sahel Burkinabè – PSB) is designed to be a laboratory for sustainable development policy for all interventions in the Sahel region of Burkina Faso. It was produced by the National Committee to Combat Desertification (Comité National de Lutte contre la Désertification - CNLCD).

5.6. It was adopted in 1986 as a pilote programme for the implementation of the CILSS Regional Strategy and the PNLCD, with activities beginning in 1989 in the provinces of Oudalan, Seno, Soum and Yagha with technical and financial support from Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands, and more recently AfDB, UNDP-UNCDF and Japan.

5.7. The fundamental objectives of the PSB are:

- The promotion of development in the Sahel through responsibilization and participation of the Sahelian populations;

- The safeguard, restoration and improvement of the Sahel land and environment capital, which constitutes the basis for its development.

5.8. Key strategic options underlying the implementation of the programme include:

- An integrated approach aimed at striking a balance between immediate constraints (population’s needs) and long-term objectives (preservation of resources).

- A consultation approach based mainly on the participation and responsibilization of all actors within a process of decentralized planning, decision-making and implementation of development actions;

- A local land development approach (village and intervillage) consisting in providing support to those actions that are controllable by the populations and which lead gradually to the development and management of their local lands and rangelands;

- A land development approach at the provincial and regional levels consisting in providing priority support to those actions that cannot be controlled by the population alone and which lead to the implementation of the Regional Land Development Plan.

5.9. The implementation approaches listed above require long-term commitments, including

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financial support for a duration of 15 to 20 years on the part of cooperation partners.

Naré Groundwater Dam

5.10. In its search for innovative solutions aimed at combating desertification, preventing the lowering of the water table, and mitigating the effects of uneven rainfall distribution – in sum, restoring the environment, Burkina Faso undertook the construction of a dam in 1997, with support from the Japanese cooperation agency. The work is being carried out at Naré, a village in the north-centre region.

5.11. The purpose of a groundwater dam is to prevent the outflow of underground water, a resource which in this instance could reach a volume of 9.5 billion cubic meters, and to store it behind an underground structure whose dimensions are determined by environmental conditions and the volume of water to be stored.

5.12. As the starting point of a broad integrated programme to combat desertification, the project is aimed at:

- Increasing the availability of water resources for human food, livestock and agricultural needs;- Increasing food production through various associated measures;- Preventing soil degradation and depletion, conserving the ecosystems, restoring degraded land,

introducing intensive cultivation and promoting fish farming.

5.13. This project, currently in its implementation phase, should in the long term bring about notable improvements in the lives of the population in the area.

Physical, sectoral and operational constraints

5.14. Despite progress made and gains obtained in the implementation of development projects and programmes designed by the Government, NGOs and civil society, there remain constraints and inadequacies of an operational and structural nature which the country will endeavour to overcome with the NAPA contribution. The constraints in connection with the country’s geographic and physical situation, scattering of the interventions, institutional weaknesses, together with recurrent issues regarding multisectoral coordination, are listed below.

Physical constraints

5.15. Physical constraints and vulnerability of the environment in Burkina Faso

5.15.1. Like all other Sahelian countries, Burkina Faso is confronted with serious degradation of its natural resources due to the combined effects of drought and human factors. The most vulnerable areas are those where the agro-demographic pressures are high and climate factors most variable. The territory is predominantly arid and semi-arid, with only 5% located in the sub-humid area. As regards the population’s spatial distribution, 2% inhabit the arid zone, while 77% are in the semi-arid zone and 21% in the humid zone. Unfortunately, in sub-humid zones, there appears a strong aridification trend caused by overexploitation of land, due to high population influx in quest of tillable land.

5.15.2. As a result, most land in Burkina Faso is affected by desertification and its attendant ills, which makes this a priority area for environmental action.

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5.15.3. Increasingly, resources are being eroded in the form of degradation of the vegetation cover, soils, water resources, habitats, wildlife and living conditions.

Vegetation cover degradation

5.15.4. The main causes of this degradation are climatic and anthropic (increasing human and animal population pressures, inappropriate methods of use of natural resources, recurring bush fires).

5.15.5. Cyclical drought is responsible for high mortality of ligneous species, especially in the northern part of the country. The phenomenon was observed in the vicinity of the Oursi pond (Oudalan Province) where high mortality rates were recorded for such species as Grewia bicolor (65.62%), Pterocarpus lucens (60%), Acacia nilotica (57.28%), Acacia senegal (28.57%), Acacia raddiana (4.18%) and Balanites aegyptiaca (3.83%). Biodiversity has degraded increasingly in this environment, leading to the gradual loss of some common species (Adansonia digitata, Pterocarpus lucens, Grewia bicolor, Acacia nilotica, Acacia senegal, Bauhinia rufescens, Anogeissus leiocarpus) for the benefit of drought-resistant species (Acacia raddiana, Balanites aegyptiaca) and Saharan species (Leptadenia pyrotechnica, Calotropis procera, Caralluma spp).

5.15.6. In addition, excessive felling of ligneous species used as forage (Acacia dudgeoni, Balanites aegyptiaca, Acacia gourmaensis, Acacia seyal, Acacia senegal, Acacia albida and Pterocarpus lucens) and fuel, combined with the practise of uncontrolled bush fires, has led to high degradation of plant formations, to the extent that forests covering a surface area of 15,18 million hectares in 1980 have experienced general losses on the order of 105 000 ha per year (MEE, 1996).

Soil degradation

5.15.7. In addition to climatic factors (drought and violent winds, extreme temperatures), soil degradation is ascribed to intense agricultural pressures on land, combined with extensive cultivation practices and lack or inappropriate use of fertilizers. It should be noted that nearly 75 000 ha of land are cleared each year for the creation of new farmland.

Water resources degradation

5.15.8. Chronic rainfall deficits observed mainly in the Sahel and the soudano-sahelian region have led to a reduction in the height and duration of floods, a drop of water table levels and drying up of bodies of water. This has caused the destruction of the fauna and flora and a change in rainwater runoff and infiltration regimes. Also noteworthy is a pronounced southward shift of the isohyets.

5.15.9. Extreme temperatures, in particular in the Sahel regions (47.2°C at the Dori station for the 1961-1997 period), combined with the drying effects of harmattan winds, have severely impacted evaporation and evapotranspiration rates.

5.15.10. The degradation of water resources also takes the form of a decrease in soil infiltration rate and water table replenishment, together with accelerated run-off and increased erosion. Another factor is the pollution of surface water by human and animal excreta and the pollution of water resources by chemical pollutants used in hydro-agricultural perimeters.

Wildlife habitat degradation

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5.15.11. Wildlife habitat has become particularly degraded as a result of shrinking forests caused, inter alia, by unplanned clearing for agricultural land. This assault on wildlife habitat is combined with intensified poaching activities, which increases wildlife vulnerability.

5.15.12. Burkina Faso’s increasing vulnerability to climate variability and climate change hampers the efforts made by the country to escape the vicious circle of poverty. Preliminary vulnerability studies conducted during the preparation of the First National communication to the UNFCCC show the negative economic consequences and the difficulties undermining the agriculture, water resources and forestry sectors. These preliminary studies will need to be evaluated and complemented, and supported by other efforts at the central level in order to define appropriate adaptation options.

Institutional and Operational Constraints and Lessons Learnt

5.16. Prior or ongoing activities aimed at reducing Burkina Faso’s dependency on climate variations and climate change are also characterized by the absence or insufficiency of so-called accompanying measures, which should be integrated in this project. Beyond imponderables due to the unpredictability of nature, shortcomings at the strategic level have weakened the national environmental protection policy, compromized ownership of the actions by the beneficiaries and limited the success of a number of actions undertaken. Insufficient efforts were thus observed in the following areas : (i) Planning and monitoring & evaluation; (ii) consultation and technical and organization capacity-building; (iii) Coordination to avoid redundancy and/or scattering of efforts; (iv) Unavoidable issues in connection with the allocation of financial resources on the basis of uncertain budget projections, in particular as regards Government’s financial input.

5.17. In the face of the numerous constraints identified above, the NAPA document aims, inter alia, to make contributions towards enhancing local capacities, identifying actual impacts on economic activity sectors and target units, and formulating viable options to mitigate the harmful effects of climate change. The measures taken within the framework of NAPA activities, the requisite participatory approach and rigorous evaluation and monitoring will be as many factors as will increase the chances of success.

VI SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES, ACTIVITIES TO BE IMPLEMENTED AND EXPECTED RESULTS

6.1. The project’s objective is the elaboration of the National Adaptation Program of Action of Burkina Faso. For this purpose, two specific objectives will need to be achieved, i.e.:

- Identify and list the country’s urgent and priority needs and immediate concerns as regards adaptation to the harmful effects of climate change,

- Reinforce national capacities to adapt to the long term effects of climate change.

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6.2 These objectives will be achieved through the implementation of a strictly national, transparent, participatory process, with full representation of women, so as to address the constraints described in paragraphs 5.15 to 5.16 while building on lessons learnt from past activities.

6.3 Activity 1.1: Procurement of Services

6.3.1 A project management team consisting of one project director, and one national technical assistant will be established at the Ministry of Environment and Living Conditions in order to ensure the successful implementation of the project. The computer and audio-visual equipment purchased under the enabling activity for the preparation of the First National Communication of Burkina Faso to the UNFCCC and the office equipment from the UNITAR/GEF project on the reinforcement of LDC’s operational capacities will be made available to this project. Therefore, there will be no need for any procurement of goods, with the exception of consumables included under “Operations” in the budget attached in Annex 2.

6.3.2 Regarding the initial procurement of consultants’ services (establishment of the project implementation team) and in conformity with UNDP provisions on recruiting, a ministerial decision will be issued for the designation of the project director. Also, calls for bids will be announced for the hiring of the national technical assistant and part-time secretary. The terms of reference for these two positions may be found in Annexes 4 and 5.

6.3.3 Tasks to be implemented:

6.3.3.1 The project director, the UNFCCC Focal Point, runs an advertisement in two local daily papers for the recruitment of the project assistant director and the secretary.

6.3.3.2 He forms a selection committee which will be tasked with choosing the candidates. This committee will include representatives of UNDP, SP/CONEDD, the General Directorate of Environment and the Directorate of Human Resources of the Ministry of Environment and Living Conditions, and the GEF Operational Focal Point.

6.3.3.3 As specified in the advertisement, the project director convenes working sessions of the selection committee for the opening of bids and possibly interviewing the candidates; the committee will render its decision within a reasonable period of time.

6.3.4 Output 1.1: The project management team is put into place.

6.4 Activity 1.2: Creation of a NAPA Steering Committee

6.4.1 A NAPA Steering Committee (NAPA-SC) [Comité Directeur du PANA - C.D./PANA] will be put into place to monitor the elaboration of the NAPA and subsequently its implementation. It will be responsible for recruiting consultants and resource-persons to conduct the necessary studies, reviewing and approving the reports submitted to it, and carrying out the NAPA adoption process (preliminary review, submission to stakeholders for comments/contributions, organizing the validation workshop, submission to Government). It will include representatives of:

- The State Administration:

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- Strategic Framework to Combat Poverty;- Interministerial Committee for the Implementation of the UNFCCC;- Focal points of the three Rio generation conventions or members of their steering

committees;- Directorate of Meteorology;- General Directorate of Inventory of Water Resources;- Directorate of Pastoral and Land Development;- Coordinator of the Sustainable Development Programme;- Representatives of the Ministries in charge of finance and planning/development.

- Societies and Offices :

- Society of Fibres and Textile (SOFITEX);- National Water and Sanitation Office (ONEA).

- NGOs and Associations :

- Network for Communication, Information and Training for Women (RECIF/NGOs) ;- Six S Group “Savoir se Servir de la Saison Sèche dans le Sahel et dans la Savane” [Using

the Dry Season in the Sahel and Savannah];- Association des femmes scientifiques du Burkina.

- Research Institutions :

- Albert Schweitzer Ecological Centre;- Institute for Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA).

- International and Interafrican Organizations

- United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) ;- Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel (CILSS) ;- Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) ;- West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA).

6.4.2 The NAPA Steering Committee will be chaired by a government representative, preferably from the Ministry of Economy.

6.4.3 Tasks to be implemented :

6.4.3.1 The UNFCCC Focal Point organizes awareness-raising and information sessions on the NAPA for stakeholders;

6.4.3.2 Under the leadership of the General Directorate of Environment and the UNFCCC Focal Point, a session for the installation of the NAPA Steering Committee is held. This entity will need to be multidisciplinary and transparent in nature. Its status and operations will be defined by an order of the Ministry in charge of environment.

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6.4.4 Output 1.2: A NAPA Steering Committee is established.6.4.5

6.5 Activity 1.3: Creation of a Multidisciplinary Team

6.5.1 This multidisciplinary team will be tasked with the following key missions:

- Analysis of observed climate variability and climate change projections, including possible negative consequences of climate change, extreme climatic events and climate variability;

- Collection of data on the country regarding the impacts of climate variability and extremes and evaluation of vulnerability to climate change;

- Identification of adaptation measures on the basis of national or sub-regional consultations and formulation of proposed national criteria for the selection of priority adaptation activities;

- Preparation of projects on the basis of selected priority adaptation activities;- Analysis of sectoral policies, national development and environment strategies in order to ensure

synergies and integration of the NAPA in national policies.

6.5.2 The team will also be responsible for reviewing consultants’ reports.

6.5.3 This team may be organized in thematic groups based on identified priority sectors. Periodic reports as well as studies and synthesis reports will be submitted to the NAPA Steering Committee.

6.5.4 Tasks to be implemented :

6.5.4.1 The Chairman of the NAPA Steering Committee establishes a multidisciplinary team consisting of experts on the various priority sectors, some of whom may be former members of the teams that conducted vulnerability and adaptation studies for the formulation of the First National Communication.

6.5.4.2 The NAPA-SC defines criteria for the selection of consultants who will be responsible for carrying out field studies and will establish a work schedule. Recruitment will be based on the terms of reference drafted by the Steering Committee.

6.5.5 Output 1.3: Consultants are hired to form a multidisciplinary team.

6.6 Activity 2.1: Identification of Sectors and Areas Vulnerable to Climate Change

6.6.1 Information will be obtained and collected on target entities of those activity sectors that are important to the national economy but vulnerable to climate variability, extreme climatic events and climate change and on the negative impacts on such entities.

6.6.2 Tasks to be implemented :

6.6.2.1 A review of the literature is carried out to collect data on harmful effects, both past and present, of climate change in Burkina Faso and response strategies implemented. Studies conducted by FAO, IUCN, WWF, CILSS, AGRHYMET, etc. will be used and supporting tables and map will be established.

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6.6.2.2 Applying participatory methods (MARP if possible) and with the support of existing studies in the areas of land degradation, biodiversity, climate change and the fight against poverty, and using a GIS if possible, the regions and sectors of the national economy that are most vulnerable to climate change, climate variability and extreme climatic events are identified.

6.6.3 Output 2.1: The components of those sectors that are important to the national economy and vulnerable to climate variability, extreme climatic events and climate change are targeted. Available information pertaining to the negative effects of climate variability and climatic extremes is collected and recorded.

6.7. Activity 2.2: Identification of Potential Adaptation Options

6.7.1 Tasks to be implemented :

6.7.1.1 Collect and select current and past adaptation measures, traditional know-how and practices for survival, conservation of species and crops, water management and adaptation to climate crises, climate variability and extreme climatic events. 6.7.1.2 Evaluate information on present and historical practices which may be considered as adaptation options and identify the most pertinent and appropriate measures to be adopted within the present context in order to confront climate variability, climate change and their consequences.

6.7.2 Output 2.2 . Adaptation measures to climate variability and extreme climatic events, both present and past, are identified.

6.8 Activity 3.1: Selection of Priority Adaptation Measures and Development of Project Proposals

6.8.1 The objective is to develop project proposals for those adaptation measures that have been selected using participatory criteria and approach. The following activities will be implemented.

6.8.2 Tasks to be implemented :

6.8.2.1. The NAPA Steering Committee proposes and adopts, through a national or subregional consultative process and by consensus, selection criteria designed to chose priority adaptation measures suited to the Burkinabe context. Such criteria will include in particular:

- The level or degree of the harmful effects of climate change;- Poverty reduction aimed at strengthening adaptation capacities;- Synergy with other international environmental agreements;- Cost-efficiency.

6.8.2.2. These criteria for the selection of adaptation activities are applied in the following areas:

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- Loss of life and livelihood;- Human health;- Food security and agriculture ;- Availability of and access to quality water;- Essential infrastructure;- Cultural heritage;- Biodiversity;- Land management and forestry;- Land degradation;- Other current environmental issues.

6.8.2.3. Three to five project briefs on identified priority activities to be submitted to GEF and cooperation partners for urgent funding are elaborated. This will be carried out by experts of the multidisciplinary team and controlled by the NAPA Steering Committee.

6.8.3 Output 3.1 : Priority adaptation options are selected on the basis of criteria defined consensually by means of a participatory process. Project proposals for these options are developed.

6.9. Activity 4.1: Production of the NAPA Document

6.9.1 Tasks to be implemented :

6.9.1.1. The NAPA-SC requests the multidisciplinary team to prepare an initial consolidated NAPA document based on the various studies and consultation results and including proposals for projects to implement priority adaptation options. A review focussing on synergies and consistency with existing national strategy is conducted.

6.9.1.2. The NAPA-SC reviews and comments on the NAPA document.

6.9.2 Output 4.1: A project document for the National Adaptation Program of Action, including a package of three to five adaptation project briefs for submission to donors, is validated at a national workshop.

6.10. Activity 5.1: Adoption of the NAPA Document

In order to ensure the endorsement of the NAPA document, the tasks listed below will be carried out.

6.10.1 Tasks to be implemented:

6.10.1.1 The NAPA-SC organizes a national validation workshop to amend and approve the draft NAPA document.

6.10.1.2 The consultants incorporate the validation workshop outputs into the draft and provide the NAPA-SC with the revised NAPA document.

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6.10.1.3 The NAPA-SC disseminates the draft version to the various key actors who participated in the process (institutions, associations, private sector, NGO and consulting firms) for comment. It incorporates the remarks made by civil society entities and submits the final version to the Government.

6.10.1.4 The Minister in charge of Environment files a report with the Council of Ministers followed by a statement of reasons and solicits adoption of the NAPA. The support of other Government ministries having participated in the process will be sought.

6.10.2 Output 5.1 : The document of the National Adaptation Program of Action is adopted by civil society and the Government of Burkina Faso.

6.11 Activity 6.1: Dissemination of the NAPA Document

In order to ensure broad distribution of the NAPA document and the effective implementation of the programme, the following activities will be conducted.

6.11.1. Tasks to be implemented:

6.11.1.1. The NAPA document is printed and submitted to the UNFCCC Executive Secretariat, the GEF and its Implementing Agencies, and cooperation partners via the embassies and national entities.

6.11.1.2. The NAPA document is then translated into the four national languages (dioula, mooré, fulfuldé, gulmanthéma) to be broadly distributed. The electronic media, radio and television are used to ensure broad dissemination of the NAPA.

6.11.1.3. The NAPA Steering Committee, for pragmatic considerations and in order to ensure swift implementation of the NAPA, hires consultants to prepare a NAPA implementation plan.

6.11.2. Output VI.1: The NAPA document is broadly distributed and an implementation plan is available.

VII INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS CONSIDERED FOR MONITORING AND COORDINATION

7.1. In view of the importance of the issue and the participatory approach adopted, a multidisciplinary Steering Committee for the NAPA will be instituted. The NAPA Steering Committee (SC) will be chaired by a member of the Committee, preferably the representative of the Ministry of Economy. This body will put into place a multidisciplinary team responsible for project execution and close adherence to NAPA specifications.

7.2. The NAPA-SC will be provided technical assistance, advice, recommendations and guidance by the UNFCCC focal point ensuring project coordination. A streamlined team consisting of the Climate Change Focal Point, one locally recruited Technical Assistant and one Secretary, in charge of the day-to-day management of the project will constitute the NAPA project core execution team.

7.3. In order to involve a maximum number of stakeholders in the process while also

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preserving transparency and efficiency, the NAPA Steering Committee, the Programme validation workshop and the Council of Ministers will be the entities in charge of approving and monitoring the project.

7.4. The involvement of the management entities of the Rio generation conventions and their focal points will allow good synergistic actions and incorporation of the outputs, experiences and concerns expressed within already existing strategies. It will also facilitate access to information.

7.5. In accordance with UNDP procedures, the project team will submit quarterly financial reports with the requisite documentation. This team will serve as the technical secretariat to the NAPA Steering Committee, convene and organize work sessions, draft the minutes, and act as an interface with regional and international structures, inter alia.

7.6. Finally, the NAPA elaboration process will feed into the Second National Communication while also providing a unique opportunity to deal with urgent needs in connection with the country’s vulnerability to climate change.

7.7. Figure 1 below illustrates the operational roles of the various project entities. It shows a strong supervisory organ overseeing both project coordination (assigned to DCIE) and all consultation activities to be conducted for the preparation of the NAPA. This organizational structure will provide optimal conditions for the implementation of the project.

7.7. The location of the NAPA execution structure within the General Directorate of Environment (DGE) and its Directorate of International Environmental Conventions poses no problem despite the recent sectoral restructuration. Indeed, although newly established, the Government has made appropriate provisions to ensure the availability of necessary operational capacities at the DGE. Thus, the personnel initially assigned to SP/CONAGESE was already transferred to DGE by Order 2003-021/MECV/SG/DRH providing for the assignment of agents, dated 10 February 2003 (see Annex 6). This personnel includes in particular the Climate Change focal point and his team, who have been monitoring the entire evolution of the climate change sector in Burkina Faso since 1996. The measures taken and the provisions made by the Government are aimed at providing reassurance as to the good implementation of NAPA activities.

Figure 1: Organizational Chart of Project Institutional Anchoring

MECV

DGE

GeneralAdministration

NGOs Societies & Offices

Research Institutions

IOs & IAOs

NAPA-SC

Consultation: Data gathering

Consultation:Identification of adaptation measures

Consultation:Priority Activities

Consultation: Elaboration of Project Briefs 32

7.8. The UNDP-GEF National Communication Support Unit (NCSU) will provide implementation support to the national government, in co-ordination with the UNDP Regional Co-ordinator. In particular, the NCSU will assist the country with technical issues for developing its NAPA and will disseminate methodologies consistent with LEG advice. The NCSU will also assist in web-based regional networking, exchange of experiences and best practices. 7.9. For information relevant to the implementation of the NAPA project, see: UNFCCC Annotated Guidelines for National Adaptation Programmes of Action NAPA primer, Paul@Desanker@virginia.edu Adaptation Policy Framework, http://www.undp.org/cc/apf_outline.htm Relevant papers include:

o Technical Paper 2: stakeholders o Technical Paper 3: vulnerability assessmentso Technical Paper 4 and 5: current and future climate riskso Technical Paper 8: adaptation strategy

Other technical papers and methodologies will be posted on the UNDP website http://www.undp.org/cc/napa.htm as they become available. Contact persons will also be posted.

VIII INFORMATION ON THE PROJECT EXECUTING AGENCY

8.1. The General Directorate of Environment, through its Directorate of International Environmental Conventions (DCIE) is the entity responsible for the implementation of environmental programmes and projects. It will now be in charge of acquiring the planning tools elaborated by SP/CONAGESE (present SP/CONEDD) to develop concrete actions on the ground. In its capacity as the new focal point for the three Rio generation conventions, all appropriate staff of SP/CONAGESE has been assigned to DCIE, thus transferring past knowledge and experience regarding the production of strategic documents in the environment area, including, for instance:

- The National Programme of Action to Combat Desertification;- The National Monograph on Biodiversity;- The Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan;- The First National Communication on Climate Change;- The UNFCCC Implementation Strategy;- The preparation of National Strategy for Sustainable Development in Burkina Faso whose

guidelines are already available.

Addresses:03 BP. 7044 Ouagadougou 03 – BURKINA FASO

DCIENAPA Project Chief-Tech. Assistant -Secretary/Bookkeeper

NAPA

33

Tel. : 00226 32 40 74 or 00226 32 40 94Fax: 00226 33 24 75 and 00226 30 70 39E-mail: toehonod@hotmail.com

Contact: Mamadou HONADIA, Officer in charge of the Framework Convention on Climate Change Tel.: 00226 32 40 74/94 ; 00226 24 02 40 Fax: 00226 31 64 91, 00226 33 24 75E-mail: honadia@fasonet.bf

Bibliography

- Secrétariat Permanent du Conseil national pour la Gestion de l’Environnement (2001). Convention Cadre des Nations Unies sur les Changements Climatiques. Communication Nationale du Burkina Faso. 132 pages.

- Secrétariat Permanent du Conseil national pour la Gestion de l’Environnement (mars 2002). Etat de l’Environnement au Burkina Faso [State of Environment in Burkina Faso]. 194 pages.

- Secrétariat Permanent du Conseil national pour la Gestion de l’Environnement (décembre 2001). Communication Nationale du Burkina Faso au titre de la Convention-Cadre des Nations Unies sur les Changements Climatiques [National Communication of Burkina Faso to the UNFCCC].130 pages.

- Global Environment Facility (April 2002). Operational Guidelines for Expedited Funding for the Preparation of National Adaptation Programs of Action by Least Developed Countries. 14 pages.

- Secrétariat Permanent du Conseil national pour la Gestion de l’Environnement (February 1999). Monographie nationale sur la diversité biologique au Burkina Faso [National Monograph on Biodiversity in Burkina Faso]. 90 pages.

- Secrétariat Permanent du Conseil national pour la Gestion de l’Environnement (1999). Programme d’Action national de lutte contre la désertification. [National Action Programme to Combat Desertification]

Annexes:

Annex 1: Organizational Chart of the Ministry of Environment Annex 2: Project Budget Annex 3: Schedule of Activities Annex 4: Terms of Reference of the National Technical Assistant Annex 5: Terms of Reference of the Secretary/Bookkeeper

34

Annex 6: Order Providing for the Assignment of Agents/ Reorganization of the Ministry of Environment.

35

Annex 1: ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT Technical Advisors

Technical Service Inspectorate Personal Secretary Protocole

Personal Secretary Central Mail Service Research Department

MINISTERIAL

GENERAL

General Directorate of Water & Forestry

(DGEF)

Division of Paramilitary Corps of Water &

Forestry, Regulations and Control (DCPRC)

Directorate of Forestry Development (DAF)

Directorate of Rural Forestry (DFR)

Directorate of National Parks, Fauna and Hunting

Preserves (DPRFC)

General Directorate of Environment

(DGE)

General Directorate of Improvement of Living Conditions (DGACV)

Regional Directorates of Environment and Living

Conditions (DRECV)

EPA :CNSFENFF

Directorate of Coordination of the Fight

against Desertification (DCCLD )

Directorate of Environmental

Assessments (DEE)

Directorate of International Environmental Conventions

(DCIE)

Directorate of Environmental Education and Skills Development

(DEEDC)

General Directorate of Sanitation and Prevention of Pollution and Nuisance

(DAPN)

Directorate of Regulation of Environmental

Inspectorates (DRIE)

Directorate of Landscape Development (DAP)

Provincial Directorates of Environment and Living Conditions (DPECV)

Directorate of Communications and

Ministerial Media (DCPM)

Directorate of Research and Planning

(DEP)

Directorate of Administration & Finances (DAF)

Directorate of Human Resources

(DRH)

Projects and Programmes

Line of authority

Functional linkage

36

ANNEX 2: PROJECT BUDGET

Activities Survey of

Current Status (US $)

Process: Evaluation,

Consultation,Workshop

(US $)

Outputs: Evaluation Reports,

Strategy and Action Plan

Total (US $)

I- Project Management and Monitoring Entities1) Procurement of Services i. Call for bids for staff recruitment 300 300ii. Selection committee work sessions 300 3002) Creation of Project Steering Committee i. Work sessions organized by the Focal Point with SCs. 500 500ii. Installation of Steering Committee and running costs 4,000 4,0003) Establishment of a multidisciplinary team i. Selection of experts to be subcontracted 500 200 700ii. Elaboration of work schedule 200 200Subtotal 500 4,800 700 6,000

II- Evaluation and Prioritization1) Identification of sectors and areas vulnerable to CCi. Collection of data and information on negative effects of CC

13,000 1,000 14,000

ii. Participatory evaluation of regional and sectoral vulnerability.

17,000 1,000 18,000

2) Identification of potential adaptation options i. Collect and select current and past adaptation measures, and traditional know-how and practices.

6,000 3,000 1,000 10,000

ii. Evaluate key CC adaptation measures and identify measures to cope with CC

7,000 1,000 8,000

Subtotal 26,000 20,000 4,000 50,000III- Elaboration of Projects for Selected Priority Activities

1) Selection of priority adaptation measures and development of project proposals

i. Identification and selection of criteria for the selection of priority activities

12,000 9,000 21,000

ii. Elaboration of project briefs for each selected priority activity

16,000 9,000 25,000

Subtotal 28,000 18,000 46,000

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Project Budget (cont’d)Activities Survey

of Current Status (US $)

Process: Evaluation,

Consultation, Workshop

(US $)

Outputs: Evaluation Reports,

Strategy and Action Plan

Total (US $)

IV- Production of NAPA Document 1) Preparation of draft NAPA and implementation plan i. Elaboration of plan of action for NAPA implementation 4,000 1,000 5,000ii. Preparation of first draft of NAPA 5,000 5,000Subtotal 4,000 6,000 10,000

V- Finalisation, Adoption of Programme Document, Printing, Translation and Dissemination1) Adoption of NAPA document i. Dissemination of NAPA to all stakeholders and civil society for review and comments

2,000 2,000

iii. Adoption of NAPA by the Government 3,000 3,000iv. Printing and translation into English of NAPA 13,000 13,000v. Formal submission to the Secretariat of the Convention and GEF (shipping costs)

1,000 1,000

vi. Diffusion of NAPA by the media and other elements 3,500 3,500Subtotal 21,500 14,000 35,500

VI- Technical Assistance 1) Organize technical assistance mission of LDC group of experts

5,000 5,000

2) Organise technical assistance 5,000 5,000Subtotal 5,000 5,000 10,000

VII- Project Management and Coordination 1) Project Coordinator 22,500 22,5002) National Technical Assistant 15,000 15,0003) Secretary-Bookkeeper 6,000 3,0004) Operation 5,000 5,000Subtotal 42,500 42,500TOTAL 26,500 142,800 30,700 200,000

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Estimation over 15 months’ implementation M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11

I- Project Management and Monitoring Entities1) Creation of Project Steering Committee --2) Establishment of a Multidisciplinary Team --II- Evaluation and Prioritization 1) Identification of sectors and areas vulnerable to CC --- ------2) Identification of potential adaptation options ------III- Elaboration of Projects for Priority Activities 1) Selection of priority adaptation measures and development of project proposals

---

IV- Production of NAPA Document1) Preparation of draft NAPA and implementation plan ---- ---- ---- ----- ------ ------V- Finalisation, Adoption of Programme Document, Printing, Translation and Dissemination1) Adoption of NAPA document Organize national validation workshop Incorporate workshop contributions Submit NAPA to Government for adoptionPrint, translate and disseminate NAPASubmission of NAPA to UNFCCC Executive Secretariat and GEF Submit NAPA to GEF and UNFCCC Secretariat

ANNEX 3: SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIES

39

- Duration of assignment: 15 months

- Qualifications: The candidate must meet the following requirements:

o Advanced studies (HS level + at least 5 years),o At least 5 years’ professional experience in one of the areas of rural development or

environment,o Good basic knowledge of English,o Minimum 27 years of age,o Burkinabe nationality o Capacity to work under pressure and willingness to work outside of regular office hours,o Very good knowledge of computer software (Word, Excel, PowerPoint), e-mail and

ability to do research on the web,o Willingness to travel on mission both within Burkina Faso and abroad.o Immediate availability.

- Duties o Ensure coordination of the project in the absence of the project director,o Prepare draft financial and technical project reports on a quarterly basis, including

finalization of the minutes of the meetings of the Steering Committee,o Prepare work sessions of the Steering Committee and project workshops,o Prepare and check outgoing and incoming mail,o Participate in selected meeting both at the national and international levels,o Establish and maintain permanent contact with field partners and listen to them,o Provide support for technical and administrative coordination in connection with

consultants’ activities,o Ensure finalisation of the NAPA document and its implementation plan.

ANNEX 4: TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANT

40

- Duration of assignment: 15 months

- Qualifications: The candidate must meet the following requirements:

o Advanced studies (HS level + at least 3 years),o At least 5 years’ professional experience in secretarial functions,o Good knowledge of English, both written and spoken o Minimum 25 years of age,o Burkinabe nationalityo Capacity to work under pressure and willingness to work outside of regular office hours,o Very good knowledge of computer software (Word, Excel, PowerPoint), e-mail and

ability to do research on the web,o Immediate availability

- Dutieso Enter correspondence and work or mission reports,o Receive and keep record of incoming correspondence and ensure handling of outgoing

mail,o Keep accurate work schedule for the project director,o Carry out research on the web to obtain useful information for the project and ensure e-

mail management,o Keep records of all accounting and related documents,o Establish and submit to the project director financial reports in conformity with UNDP

rules o Ensure payment of salaries, discharge contractual obligations and effect expenditures as

agreed by the project director in conformity with applicable rules

ANNEX 5: TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE SECRETARY/BOOKKEEPER

41

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT BURKINA FASO AND LIVING CONDITIONS Unity – Progress – Justice

--------------------

GENERAL SECRETARIAT -----------

DIRECTORATE OF HUMAN RESOURCES

Order 2003-021/MECV/SG/DRH

providing for the assignment of agents

THE MINISTER OF ENVIRONMENT AND LIVING CONDITIONS

In view of the Constitution;

In view of Decree 2002-204/PRES of 06 June 2002 providing for the appointment of the Prime Minister;

In view of Decree 2002-204/PRES/PM of 10 June 2002 specifying the composition of the Government of Burkina Faso;

In view of Law 013/98/AN of 28 April 1998, setting the legal regime applicable to posts and agent of the Civil Service;

In view of Decree 64-277/PRES/TPF of 22 June 1964 delegating permanent power of signature of the Minister in Charge of Civil Service to the other Ministers;

In view of Decree 2002-457/PRES/PM/MECV of 28 October 2002 providing for the organization of the Ministry of Environment and Living Conditions;

In view of The service requirements;

ANNEX 6: ORDER PROVIDING FOR THE ASSIGNMENT OF AGENTS OF THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT

42

ORDERS

Article 1: The agents named below are assigned as indicated next to their names. They include:

Serial Number

Service Number LAST NAME, FIRST NAME Post Former Service

1 22 331 K POUYA David Controller of Water & Forestry DP/Komondjari DRECV/East2 19 594 E BARRO Syé Jean Controller of Water & Forestry DP/Léraba DRECV/East3 19 591 OUBDA Moussa Controller of Water & Forestry DP/Yagha DRECV/North4 24 006 K HIEN Zoulamé Marcel Assistant of Water & Forestry DRCEV/Centre-North DRECV/North5 26 625 P GUINKO Boureima Inspector of Water & Forestry DGEF DRECV/High Bassins6 19 593 L TRAORE Abdoulaye Controller of Water & Forestry DRCEV/Cascades DRECV/ High Bassins7 18 225 M SIDIBE Alassana Inspector of Water & Forestry DPECV/Tuy DRECV/ High Bassins8 46 164 J GUIGMA Noufou Controller of Water & Forestry Nazinga Ranch DRECV/ High Bassins9 46 156 R BAZIE Yéboula Controller of Water & Forestry DAF DRECV/ High Bassins10 46 151 N BAMOUNI Adama Controller of Water & Forestry DRCEF/Est DRCEV/Centre-West 11 13 513 K OUEDRAOGO Pierre Inspector of Water & Forestry DP/Sissili DRCEV/Centre-West 12 26 626 Z GUEL YA Hermann Inspector of Water & Forestry DPCEV/Noumbiel DRCEV/Centre-West13 08 474 B SANOU Té Gandi Controller of Water & Forestry DRCEV/HB DRCEV/Mouhoun Loop14 16 089 Y SOME O. Georges Célestin Controller of Water & Forestry DPCEV/Bulkiemdé DRCEV/South-West15 31 951 V DABIRE KOFFI Emmanuel Controller of Water & Forestry Nazinga Ranch DRECV/South-Wes16 19 592 U TRAORE Moussa Inspector of Water & Forestry DGEF DRECV/Centre-North17 14 945 SORE Francis Controller of Water & Forestry DRECV/South-West DRECV/Centre-North18 41 693 G GOMINA Kalifa Agent of Water & Forestry Nazinga Ranch DRECV/Centre-North19 03 984 KERE Lébendé Jacob Controller of Water & Forestry DRECV/Centre-South DRECV/Centre20 24 240 Y BANGALY Siaka Controller of Water & Forestry DGEF DRECV/Centre21 29 657 M Mrs. SANOU/SOMBA Edwige Assistant of Water & Forestry DFVAF DRECV/Centre 22 41 689 H OUEDRAOGO Abdoul Salam Agent of Water & Forestry Nazinga Ranch DRECV/North 23 22 485 R KABORE Patrice Assistant of Water & Forestry DRECV/Centre DRECV/ Centre-East24 Trainee GUINKO Oumarou Agent of Water & Forestry DRECV/Poni DRECV/Central Plateau25 24 029 U BELEMSOBGHO Urbain Inspector of Water & Forestry General Secretariat DGEF26 08875 OUEDRAOGO Ignace Controller of Water & Forestry DP/Sanguié DGEF27 19 124 X MINOUGOU Augustin Controller of Water & Forestry DPECV/Oubritenga DGEF/Division Paramilitary

Corps28 25 024 H KABRE Andéma Controller of Water & Forestry DRECV/North DGEF/Division Paramilitary

Corps-Supplies29 46 644 N Mrs. OUEDRAOGO/KINDA Salamata Senior Technician Computer Science DEP/SOMI SP/CONEDD/PNGIM30 22 512 M SANOU/OUATTARA Aimée Civil Administrator DRII SP/CONEDD 31 07 732 YARO Inyé Inspector of Water & Forestry DFC General Secretariat32 11 532 R KORSAGHA Gérard Rasmané Inspector of Water & Forestry DGEF DEP33 24 618 L Mrs. KONATE/YAGO Diharrata Inspector of Water & Forestry DRECV/Centre DEP34 29 237 X BARRY Hamadé Inspector of Water & Forestry DFVAF DEP35 25 375 Y TIENDEGA Valentin Pascal Inspector of Water & Forestry DGEF General Secretariat36 29 259 N OUEDRAOGO Gaston Georges Inspector of Water & Forestry DGEF DEP37 08 222 W OUEDRAOGO T. Vincent Inspector of Water & Forestry DRECV/Centre-West DGEF/DPNRFC

43

38 24 233 X SO Jean Bosco Inspector of Water & Forestry DGEF Regional Project W/ECOPAS39 15 527 D BALIMA Raymond Inspector of Water & Forestry CNSF DGF/DFR40 31 943 H COMPAORE Adama Inspector of Water & Forestry DGEF DGACV/DRIE41 31 942 R ZOUGBA T. Serge Inspector of Water & Forestry DGEF DGEF/DFR42 18 479 F BELEM Kelegbomba Issaka Inspector of Water & Forestry URSD/DGEF DGEF/DFR43 29 238 P BAYALA Rigobert Inspector of Water & Forestry DFVAF DGEF/DFR44 18 007 P GUIGMA Sandango Vincent Inspector of Water & Forestry DPREC/Yatenga Directorate of Forest Managmt45 22 488 C AKOSSONGO Jean Inspector of Water & Forestry DRECV/Centre-South DGEF/Forest Management46 22 239 Y BOGREL Raymond Inspector of Water & Forestry DP/Kossi DGEF/Forest Management47 26 864 T COULIBALY Sia Inspector of Water & Forestry DGEF DGEF/Forest Management48 26 742 W OUEDRAOGO Zacharia Civil Administrator DGPE DGE49 26 865 K COULIBALY Mamadou Inspector of Water & Forestry DFC DGE/DEEDC50 14 004 H YODA Maliki Controller of Water & Forestry DGPE DGE/DEEDC

44

Article 2: Transportation costs will be chargeable to the State Budget.

Article 3: This order which comes into effect as of the date of signature shall be recorded, published and communicated wherever needed.

Ouagadougou, 10 February 2003

Distribution:

CAB/MECV For the Ministry of EnvironmentSG and Living ConditionsITS The Secretary GeneralSP/CONEDDDGEFCNSFDAFCF/MECVDRHDEPAll DRECVPayroll Boubacar DRABOPerson concerned Economic Affairs CounsellorArchivesChrono

45