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PRACTICAL ACTIVITY

Let’s see if it is true: Let’s see if the elephant is right: WHAT WILL WE DO?

Some previous vocabulary:

Can Without/with Ears Fill Thermometer Temperature sensor

Mummy, why does this animal have such big ears?

To refrigerate myself, pal!!

Drawings: Rita Capella

http://www.promostore.co.uk/list/category/home-living

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephantidae http://www.picturesphoto.info/r-a-female-hippopotamus-will-go-1622.htm

______________________________________Centre de Documentació i Experimentació en Ciències 1.-Fill the can without ears (hippopotamus) and the can with ears (elephant) with the same amount of hot water and put a temperature sensor or a thermometer in each of them. Measure the temperature at the beginning and write it down. Do it again 5 minutes later and 10 minutes later. Write it down. WHAT HAPPENS? Can without ears Can with ears Beginning

After 5 minutes

After 10 minutes

Result: Temperature (beginning)- Temperature (end)

WHY DOES IT HAPPEN?

1.-Was the elephant right? 2.-Which can has refrigerated more rapidly, the one with ears (elephant) or the one without ears (hippo)?

YES/NO

ELEPHANT/HIPPOPOTAMUS

______________________________________Centre de Documentació i Experimentació en Ciències 3.-Why do big ears help to refrigerate? To have big ears helps to refrigerate because there is more ____________ to lose heat.

TO LOSE-LOST 4.-What is there in the elephant ears that help them refrigerate themselves. Let’s talk about it. What happens to your face when you run fast for some time?

Your notes:

http://scriptsforschools.com/catalog/pl-play-scripts/play-scripts-by-christine-harvey/tp-6-the-legend-of-the-lost-and-found-box/

http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/biobookcircsys.html http://nikkigsblog.wordpress.com/2010/08/16/can-you-lose-10-lbs-from-sweating/

______________________________________Centre de Documentació i Experimentació en Ciències WHILE WE WAIT All about ears...

1.-Find the name of each animal and write it down. Relate their distributions to their ears size.

Name Distribution

Arctic fo : http://www.cas.org/aboutcas/colors/whitefox09.html; http://www.canids.org/species/Alopex_lagopus.htmxRed fox: http://www.mundofotos.net/foto/naika/722178/zorro-rojo ; http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilt:Distribution_of_Vulpes_Vulpes.pngFennec: http://aldea-irreductible.blogspot.com/2009/01/naturaleza-asombrosa-el-diminuto-pero.html; http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Distribution_of_the_Fennec_Fox.png

http://www.tecnun.es/asignaturas/Ecologia/Hipertexto/02Tierra/120EnVid.htm

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2.-How do you think the Hippos refrigerate themselves?

Baby hippo diving: http://regulus-starnotes.blogspot.com/2010/11/electoral-and-barometric-oscillations.htmlHippo covered in mud: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/ Hippo inside water: http://perdidosenbuenosaires.blogspot.com/2011/08/hipopotamo.html

http://rilke11.edublogs.org/files/2009/04/fennec5.jpg

http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/photography/photo-of-the-day/arctic-fox-snow/

http://www.mundofotos.net/foto/naika/722610/zorro-rojo-en-invierno-

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CONDUCTION, CONVECTION AND RADIATION Let’s relate what we have learnt with the three ways to transmit heat.

1.-How do elephants lose heat through their ears, by conduction, convection or radiation? Draw what happens. 2.-Why having more surface and more blood irrigation (for example in elephant ears) helps the animal to loose heat? 3.-Hippos have small ears. To refrigerate themselves they spent a lot of time inside water. When they are outside the water they usually cover themselves in mud. Why do you think they refrigerate themselves when they are mud covered. Relate the explanation to what you know about conductors and insulators.

http://www.beodom.com/en/education/entries/principles-of-thermal-insulation-heat-transfer-via-conduction-convection-and-radiation

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Homework

All the elephants have the same ears size? Why? 1.-Investigate which is the African elephant and which is the Asian elephant and write the name below the corresponding picture.

2.-Which elephant has bigger ears, the African or the Asian? (In fact in Africa there are two different elephant species with a slight difference in their ears size). 3.-Which is the African elephants habitat? Which is the Asian elephants habitat? Find distribution maps for both species and include them in your work. 4.-Have a look at this videos. What are the elephants doing with their ears? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwJZsaR5fhohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdEfPwaEImchttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZKdHVOS9kc

B

http://animals.about.com/b/2009/01/22/animal-id-challenge-african-or-asian-elephant.htm

http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/teacher_resources/best_place_species/back_from_the_brink/african_savanna_elephant.cfm

______________________________________Centre de Documentació i Experimentació en Ciències 5.-Which is the advantage of doing it from the refrigeration point of view? How could we simulate in a practical activity? 6.-Do you think the drawings are correct? Why?

7.-Explain why the African and Asian elephants have different ear sizes. 8.-Think what changes can we apply to our practical activity to simulate different refrigeration strategies in elephants as well as in hippopotamus. We will discuss them and decide which designs we are going to do next time we go to the lab. If you want, you can look for more information about he places they live and the different animals behaviour.

Drawings: Rita Capella

http://www.roadlesstravelled.com.au/australian-museum-wildlife-photographer-of-the-year-review/

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PRACTICAL ACTIVITY

EXPERIMENT’S DESIGN

Our question(s) is/are: Our hypothesis is/are: WHAT DO WE NEED? WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO? Our experimental designs are:

______________________________________Centre de Documentació i Experimentació en Ciències WHAT HAPPENS?: Our results are: WHY DOES IT HAPPEN?: Results interpretation. In your explanation you have to use the concepts: conduction, convection and radiation.

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HEAT LOSS AGAIN But now, from another point of view

1.-Penguins. a) Why are there so many penguins? Why are they so close to one another?

Because there is food in the middle.

Because there are sales in the Antarctic Corte Inglés.

Because they are heating each other.

Because they are very loving and affectionate.

Because they are preparing the pinya to build a castle (castell).

b) What do you think it happens when they travel like you see in the picture?

Do they feel the low temperatures more o less than when they are in the pinya?

http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/birdmetabolism.html

http://penguinology.blogspot.com/2011/06/coordinated-movements-in-penguin-huddle.html

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2.-Let’s design an experiment to see what happens:

Team work

You have to design an experiment to study what happens in relation to heat loss when the penguins:

a) are clustered, all together b) travel on a line (of one or two) c) are alone d) chicks e) when they have a lot or few fat (have a look at the joke you have at the

end of the dossier) f) father/mother and chick

Every group has to simulate the situation when the penguins are clustered, all together (in the pinya) and another one that you can choose among the ones that are on the list. Or you can think about another possibility.

http://hub.webring.org/hub/ilovepenguins

http://www.sodahead.com/fun/penguinsyay-or-nay/question-2228127/?link=ibaf&q=Penguins&imgurl=http://2.bp.blogspot.com/EJwWvCdQHDU/TgGxK0ljMxI/AAAAAAAADqY/SnyMaaoHXK0/s1600/cute-baby-penguins.jpg

http://www.eatinghabits.org/animals-eating-habits/penguins-eating-

http://jodyfisher.wordpress.com/2011/11/03/the-value-of-teamwork/

http://www.polarconservation.org/education/antarctic-animals/antarctic-penguins/gentoopenguin

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EXPERIMENT’S DESIGN

WHAT DO WE NEED?: You will have test tubes, test tube racks, hot water, thermometers, temperatures sensors, beakers and other things you think you need and are available at our lab. Our question(s) is/are: Our hypothesis is/are: WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO? Our experimental designs are:

http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/article979039.ece

______________________________________Centre de Documentació i Experimentació en Ciències WHAT HAPPENS?: Our results are: WHY DOES IT HAPPEN?: Results interpretation.

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Let’s aply what we have learnt

1.-Find two other adaptations the penguins have to counteract the cold. Investigate on the internet and write what you discover in the box. The adaptations should be described in English, in a clear and simple way.

2.-Why is this bird moving its feathers?

Tick the correct answers.

a) To counteract the cold b) To find a female partner c) To seem bigger d) Because its feathers are wet

http://www.furrytalk.com/tag/cold/

______________________________________Centre de Documentació i Experimentació en Ciències 3.-What similarities are there between the bird feathers and a mountain jacket?

Tick the correct answers.

a) Both are situated in the outside. b) Both insulate from the air outside c) Both cover a great part of the skin d) Both are light e) Both keep the body’s warmth from going outside

3.-Write down three adaptations that mammoths had to counteract low temperatures.

http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-photo-mountain-climber-image6591770

http://www.alkaidediciones.com/foro/index.php?topic=289.0

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3.-Have a look at this drawings and read the explanations that go with them. Ask for help if you have problems in understanding something. When you finish read the joke in Catalan and explain why the male penguin is so angry and the female penguin is fatter than the male.

http://emperor-penguin.com/penguin-lifecycle.html

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TO KNOW MORE. OPTIONAL ACTIVITY.

1.-Which is the emperor’s penguin size? Where does it live? 2.-Why to be big is an advantage to counteract low temperatures? 3.-Design an experiment to prove it. Show it to me and if it is Ok I will give you the material to do it. You have to write a report of what you have done and what has happened.

http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/birds/label/empenguin/answers.shtml http://www.seaworld.org/animal-info/animal-

bytes/animalia/eumetazoa/coelomates/deuterostomes/chordata/craniata/aves/sphenisciformes/emperor-penguin.htm