AN-NAJAH NATIONAL UNIVERSITYAN-NAJAH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERINGFACULTY OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGENGINEERING

AUTO TRACKING SOLAR SYSTEM

Supervisor Dr. Bashir Nouri

StudentsStudents Badr Sharaf (10243963)Badr Sharaf (10243963)

Hasan Osta (10227517)Hasan Osta (10227517)Hani Sadder (10228064)Hani Sadder (10228064)

IntroductionIntroduction

Sources Of Renewable Sources Of Renewable EnergyEnergy

Why Solar Why Solar EnergyEnergy?? ??

Map of Solar Energy Resources

Types Of TechnologiesTypes Of Technologies

such assuch as

Heating Heating PhotovoltaicPhotovoltaic

Classification of

Technologies

•Direct •Indirect

•Passive•Active

•Concentrating•Non- concentrating

Mathematical ApproachMathematical Approach

𝑬𝒊. 𝑬𝒏. m 𝜽𝒛 𝜽𝒊,𝒕 β 𝑾 𝒎𝟐Τ 𝑾 𝒎𝟐Τ (Degree) (Degree) (Degree)

17.96 29.78 1.66 52.92 52.92 0

19.96 29.78 1.66 52.92 47.92 5

21.81 29.78 1.66 52.92 42.92 10

23.49 29.78 1.66 52.92 37.92 15

25 29.78 1.66 52.92 32.92 20

26.31 29.78 1.66 52.92 27.92 25

27.43 29.78 1.66 52.92 22.92 30

28.34 29.78 1.66 52.92 17.92 35

29.03 29.78 1.66 52.92 12.92 40

29.5 29.78 1.66 52.92 7.92 45

29.74 29.78 1.66 52.92 2.92 50

29.78 29.78 1.66 52.92 0 52.92

29.76 29.78 1.66 52.92 -2.08 55

29.55 29.78 1.66 52.92 -7.08 60

29.12 29.78 1.66 52.92 -12.08 65

28.47 29.78 1.66 52.92 -17.08 70

27.6 29.78 1.66 52.92 -22.08 75

26.52 29.78 1.66 52.92 -27.08 80

25.23 29.78 1.66 52.92 -32.08 85

23.76 29.78 1.66 52.92 -37.08 90

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

Ei (

W/m

2)

B (Degrees)

January

En = Ei ( W/m2) β (Degrees) Months

29.78 52.92 January

140.71 44.95 February

449.11 34.42 March

643.74 22.58 April

804.18 13.21 May

1086.37 8.91 June

1083.95 10.82 July

1076.72 18.55 August

1052.96 29.78 September

843.9 41.6 October

200.67 50.05 November

81.41 55.05 December

624.46 31.98 Average

January February March April May June July August September October November December

Tilt

An

gle

(B

) D

egre

es

Months

Variation of optimum tilt angle with monthsVariation of optimum tilt angle with months

January February March April May June July August September October November December

Ei (

W/m

2)

Months

Variation of En or Ei with months on a collector tilted with Variation of En or Ei with months on a collector tilted with an optimum angle (β)an optimum angle (β)

Auto Tracking Control System

What does the system doWhat does the system do ? ?

It must determine when the sunlight It must determine when the sunlight is adequate to produce usable is adequate to produce usable energyenergy

It must track the sun It must track the sun

It must recognize the end of day and It must recognize the end of day and return the array to its home position return the array to its home position

Block diagram for the circuit

Motors and movement Motors and movement TransmissionTransmission

Questions???