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American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
Federal Centre of Breeding Research on Cultivated PlantsGlobal Crop Diversity Trust
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic
Resources=
Christoph U.Germeier, Lothar Frese and Brigitte Laliberte,
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic
Resources=
Christoph U.Germeier, Lothar Frese and Brigitte Laliberte,
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
The situation of worlds genetic resources
International agreements are in place:
Convention on Biological Diversity (1993), Global Plan of Action for the Conservation and Sustainable Utili-
zation of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (1996), International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and
Agriculture (2004).
None of these provides for a perpetual source of funding
Crop diversity in the field is diminishing, wild relatives of crops are disappearing under cleared forests and
urban sprawl, Even some of the world's largest and most important international
genebanks are facing severe budget cuts.
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
http://www.croptrust.org
The Global Crop Diversity Trust - Initiator of the Process
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
Objectives
Activities
The Global Crop Diversity Trust - Initiator of the Process
- aims to match the long term nature of conservation needs with long term secure and sustainable funding as an element of the funding strategy of the International Treaty.
- assist the development of a rational and efficient global system of crop diversity conservation.
(Co-) funding of gene banks and facilities (e.g. Svalbard facilities)
Compilation of 9 regional conservation strategies,
- Compilations of currently 16 Global Crop Conservation Strategies exclusively for “Annex I Crops”.
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
user relationships
Collection
Institution
Curator
Elements of a Global Crop Strategy
Structure
Biological Status
Information managementCollection managementFacilitiesProcedures
-Regeneration-Storage- Viability monitoring...
Bilateral cooperation
Multilateral cooperation
Networks
Participation
Data contribution
Information deliveryMaterial distributionUser provenance
User typesUser requirements
Cooperation
Safety duplication
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
Legal:The Status of Oats / Avena spp.
Agronomic:
- Oat is not within the mandate of one of the CGIAR centers.
- Oat is listed in Annex I of the International Treaty for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture.
- Oat is a crop typical for and well adapted to the cooler climates (Nordic countries, Canada), but thrives well also in Australia.
- Oat is no bread cereal, but has been a staple food for a long time in Northern Europe.
- Oat is extraordinary in cereals regarding health promoting contents (protein, fat, ß-glucan, minerals, antioxidants, hormone analogs).
- Oat is highly suited for sustainable, extensive production systems.
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
Short Outline of Developing a Global Conservation Strategy for Oats1. Identify crop experts, collections, curators and users (breeders).2. Literature review on origin and evolution, gene pools, taxonomy and
distribution, centers of diversity, use in breeding and research.3. Questionnaire to update information on oat collections.
4. Stakeholders and Strategy Advisory Group Workshop (Fargo).
5. Identification of major collections and their importance by analysis of information from regional conservation strategies, from the survey and by application of indicators for scoring the value of collections.
6. Scoring management procedures of collections according to accepted management standards.
9. Final meeting of genebank curators and stakeholders.
7. Identification of networks, constraints and challenges of collaboration.
8. Visit of collections eligible for funding by the trust.
10. Final report and suggestions for the allocation of funds by the trust.
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
Collections:- FAO (1996): The state of the world's plant genetic resources for food and
agriculture.- FAO WIEWS Database (http://apps3.fao.org/wiews/germplasm.htm)
Relevant Information Available on Distribution and Collections
Distribution: - Global Biodiversity Information Facility (http://www.gbif.org,
http://ge.gbif.net/).
- USDA Genetic Resources Information Network (http://www.ars-grin.gov).- Canadian Genetic Resources Information Network
(http://pgrc3.agr.gc.ca/acc/search-recherche_e.html).
- European Avena Database (http://eadb.bafz.de).- EURISCO (http://eurisco.ecpgr.org/).
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
Avena Collections throughout the World
INSTITUTION Accessions %
Species
CAN004 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Plant Gene Resources of Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre
27256 24 28
USA120 United States Department of Agriculture 21834 19 16 RUS001 N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry 11857 10 28 KEN051 National Dryland Farming Research Station, Kenya 9000 ? KEN015 National Genebank of Kenya, Crop Plant Genetic
Resources Centre, KARI 3747 ? 11
DEU146 Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research – Genebank
4927 4 22
GBR011 Department of Applied Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park
2598 2 18
GBR016 Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Genetic Resources Unit
111 22 (9)
CHN001 Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources (CAAS) 2955 2 BGR001 Institute for Plant Genetic Resources `K.Malkov` 2308 2 18 ISR003 Lieberman Germplasm Bank, Inst. Cereal Crop
Dev., Tel-Aviv Univ. 1844 8
POL003 National Plant Genetic Resources Centre Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute
2274 12
FAO mentions 117 Avena collections, with 113528 accessionsIn Europe: European Avena DB: 26 contributors, 32664 accessions
EURISCO: 24 contributors, 31739 accessions
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
Coverage of Species in World Key Collections
6n wild ACD total 12108 1704 9568 276 144 53 1500 6n cultivated ACD total 11622 9676 11322 4430 3995 78 300
4n wild AC total (100) 37 15 3 2 36 3 1 A. insularis (2) 1 1 A. magna (92) 35 14 2 2 33 3 - A. murphyi (6) 2 3 1 - 3 - -
2n C genome total (168) 96 29 8 13 - -
Species (*=cultivated) CAN004 RUS001 USA029 GBR011 DEU146 BRA015 ISR003
2n A genome total (1602) 409 244 162 118 169 74 22 A. canariensis (69) 45 7 - - 17 - - A. damascena (20) 3 4 - - 4 - - A. hirtula. (84) 51 10 - 4 4 - 7 * A. nuda L. (123?) 19 - 12 - 8 - -
4n wild AA total (3) 1 1 1 -
4n wild AB total (4195) 2485 182 895 186 89 122 10 * A. abyssinica (843) 254 53 241 134 31 50 -
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
Pedigrees of Oat Lines: http://avena.agr.gc.ca/OGIS/index_e.php
Elements for an International Oat Information System
GRIN: http://www.ars-grin.gov/npgs/acc/acc_queries.htmlGRIN-CA: http://pgrc3.agr.gc.ca/acc/search-recherche_e.html
OatGenes: http://avena.agr.gc.ca/oatgenes
GrainGenes: http://wheat.pw.usda.gov
Gelato: http://avena.agr.gc.ca/GELATO/
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
Elements for an International Oat Information System
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
Elements for an International Oat Information System
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
Elements for an International Oat Information System
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
Genebank information systems (Multi-Crop)
National Inventories
Central PGR data pools (EURISCO, GRIN, GRINCA,..)
Central information services
Addresses(FAOInst)
….Sequences(GenBank)
Taxonomy
Geography(Google Map)G
BIF
Project databases and management and information systems in research and breeding
online upload and download
Web Services layer for communication with multicrop information systems
XML
Domain specific Central Crop Databases and Warehouses
Passport C+EPedigrees
Crop Portals (e.g. Avena Portal)
Architecture for an International Oat Information System
Cooperative open source software
development platformCropForge
American Oat Workers Conference, Fargo 2006
Towards a Global Strategy for the Conservation of Oat Genetic Resources
Thanks for your Attention
Acknowledgements:
Funding by the Global Crop Diversity Trust,Angelika Schäfer-Menuhr, Severin Polreich and Angelika Doelle.Brigitte Laliberte for continuing support.All genebank curators and database managers, who responded to the questionnaire and provided additional information on their collections.