American History—Chapter 4

The War for Independence

Colonies Resisting Great Britain

• Stamp Act• What was it?• Why would GB want to do something like this

• Sons of Liberty• Who was Samuel Adams?• Who were the Sons of Liberty? • What did they do? (3 Things)

• What is meant by no taxation without representation?

Colonies Resisting GB

• What were the Townshend Acts?

• Boston Massacre• Why did the British decide to put 2000 troops in

Boston?

• What was the problem with that?

• What happened with the Boston Massacre?

• What was Samuel Adams role in the Massacre?

Resisting GB

• What were the committees of correspondence?• Boston Tea Party

• What happened with the Boston Tea Party? • Why did that occur?

• Response to the Boston Tea Party• What were the Intolerable Acts? • What does Martial Law Mean?• Why was the First Continental Congress established? • What was their main message?

Fighting Starts

• Reasons for Fighting• Who were the minutemen?

• Who was in charge of the British troops?

• What did those troops do that made the colonist fight back?

• Early Battle(s)• Who was Paul Revere

• What happened at Concord

• What happened at Lexington

• What happened on the way home?

Section 2

Ideas Help Start a Revolution

Colonists Coming Together

• What was the Second Continental Congress?

• What were 3 things that the Second Continental Congress did?

• Bunker Hill• Where did Thomas Gage want to go?

• Where was the actual battle at?

• What happened at the battle?

• Who won?

Steps to Declaring Independence

• Olive Branch Petition• What was it?• Why did the colonists want to do it?• How did King George respond?

• Common Sense• What was it?• Who wrote it?• What was the main message of the book• Why was it so influential?

Declaring Independence

• Second Continental Congress told each colony to form its own government

• How was Thomas Jefferson important to the Declaration of Independence?

• Declaration of Independence• What did it say?

• What were some of the reasons we wrote it?

• When was it officially passed by all the colonies

• http://www.ushistory.org/Declaration/document/index.htm

Peoples Views on Declaration

• Who were the Patriots?

• How many of them were there?

• Who were the Loyalists?

• Why would people want to be a loyalist?

• What groups tried to stay out of the conflict?

Section 3

Struggle Towards Saratoga

Strengths and Weaknesses

• Colonists were major underdogs!• Valley Forge

• Where was this at?• What were conditions like?

• United States • What were 3 strengths the US had?• What were 4 weaknesses the US had?

• Great Britain• What were 3 strengths GB had?• What were 4 weaknesses the GB had?

Fighting in New York

• British Effort• Who led the British troops in New York• What were German Mercenaries

• United States Effort• Who was the leader of the troops?• How many troops were there?• How did the battles turn out?• By the end of 1776, what was Washington’s army

like?

Other Important Battles

• Trenton• When did this battle occur?• What happened?• How was the US able to win?• Why was this important?

• Philadelphia• Why did the British want to attack this city?• What happened?• What did Howe decide to do after he won the city?

Saratoga• Early British Plan

• Who was the British General in charge?• What was his plan?• What was the problem with his plan?

• American Response• Who was the American General in charge?• What was his plan? What did he do?• What was the result for the British?• How was this like the F/I War?

• Events of Saratoga• What happened at this battle?• What were the 3 reasons why this was one of the most important

battles of the war?

Colonial Life

• Economic Problems• What were some of the economic problems in

America?• What does inflation mean?• Government had a hard time supplying the army!

• African American/Women’s Roles• What did women do while men were at war?• Who was Molly Pitcher• What did African Americans do during the fighting

Section 4

Winning the War

European Help

• Friedrich von Steuben• Who was he?

• How did he help Washington’s troops?

• Marquis de Lafayette• Who was he?

• How did he help the United States?

British Change of Pace

• British begin to focus on the South• Who was Charles Cornwallis?• Why did he decide to attack the South?• What states was he able to capture?• What were some of the important battles that he won?

• Things start to go bad for GB• What state caused a lot of problems for him?• How was the US successful against GB• What did they force Cornwallis to do?

Things really go bad for GB

• US Plan• Nathaniel Green (US general) was ordered to go

chase Cornwallis back to SC.• Daniel Morgan (US) and Banastre Tarleton (GB)

began to fight each other in SC as well (Patriot)

• Cowpens• What happened in this battle? Why important?

• Guilford Courthouse• What happened? Why is it important?

Yorktown

• Why Yorktown?• Why did Cornwallis decide to go to Virginia?• What was happened in Virginia?• Why was going to Yorktown a bad idea?

• British Surrender• What was the US plan for surrender?• How did this work?• What was the end result?• What day did the fighting end?

Post War

• Treaty of Paris• What did this document do?• What did this document say?

• Symbol for the world• Democratic revolutions began to happen all over the

world….France would be a main one.• Egalitarianism—belief in the equality of people

• Had to do with wealth, not so much race/sex

• Slavery was still popular in the South• Native Americans became threatened by the colonists,

numbers declined by over half east of the Mississippi River• How would we govern ourselves???