Ẩm thực Việt Nam.ppt

BI GINGm thc VIT NAM

Ging vin: Trng Thu Hin

KT CU NI DUNG MN HCChng 1: Nhng vn chung v vn ha m thcChng 2: Tp qun v khu v n ungChng 3: Tp qun v khu v n ung ca Vit Nam

CHNG 1NHNG VN CHUNG V VHATMc tiu:* Kin thc: - Gip hc sinh c nhng kin thc v vn ha, vn ha m thc ni chung v vn ha Vit Nam ni ring. - Vn ho m thc nhn t cc gc * K nng: - Phn tch c m thc t cc gc . - Nhn nh, nh gi nhng xu hng m thc hin nay.* Thi : - C nim am m vn ha m thc Vit. - Gn gi, pht huy cc gi tr vn ha m thc truyn thng.

CHNG 1NHNG VN CHUNG V VHATI.Mt s khi nim 1. Khi nim vn ha1.1. Ngun gc VH c ngha l s vun trng, chm bn hay ci thin. N lin quan n lao ng hay hot ng ca con ngi nhm mc ch ci to t nhin, ci to x hi. V sau VH c pht trin v chuyn ngha ni n tnh gio dc, trnh nhn thc.

CHNG 1NHNG VN CHUNG V VHATMt s khi nim 1. Khi nim vn ha- TK19- E.B Talor: VH l ton b phc th bao gm s hiu bit, tn ngng, PTTQ m con ngi c c vi t cch l mt thnh vin ca x hi

CHNG 1NHNG VN CHUNG V VN HA M THC (Tip)- TK20- Quan im VH ca Ch tch H Ch Minh: V l sinh tn cng nh mc ch ca cuc sng. Loi ngi mi sng to v pht minh ra ngn ng, ch vit, o c, php lut, khoa hc, tn gio, vn hc, ngh thut, nhng cng c cho sinh hot hng ngy v n, mc, v cc phng thc s dng. Ton b nhng sng to v pht minh tc l vn ha.- Quan im PGS Phan Ngc: Khng phi ci g cng gi l VH c ngc li bt c ci g cng c mt VH ca n

CHNG 1NHNG VN CHUNG V VN HA M THC (Tip)- TK20- Quan im ca Unesco: VH l tng th nhng nt ring bit v tinh thn v vt cht, tr tu v cm xc, quyt nh n tnh cch ca mt x hi v mt nhm ngi trong XH. VH bao gm ngh thut, vn chng, nhng li sng, nhng quyn c bn ca con ngi, nhng h thng gi tr, tp tc, tn ngng.

CHNG 1NHNG VN CHUNG V VN HA M THC (Tip)2. Khi nim vn ha m thc2.1. Khi nim: VHAT l nhng tp qun v khu v n ung ca con ngi, nhng ng x ca con ngi, nhng tp tc king k, phng php ch bin, cch trnh by cc mn n th hin gi tr ngh thut, gi tr thm m

Chng 1 (tip)I. Khi nim v vn ha m thc

2.2. m thc trong xu hng hi nhpHi nhp va mang li c hi ng thi cng c nhiu thch thc trong tin trnh pht trin. Mn n VN c nhiu khch nc ngoi bit n v a thch. Mn n t du m, t cay, t tht nh nhng, d tiu ha. Rt nhiu mn n c tc dng cha bnh. ung: Ru, ch

Chng 1 (tip)II. m thc t cc gc

1. Di gc vn ha - m thc c xem l nhng nt truyn thng lch s, truyn thng vn ha ca dn tc, ca a phng. - n ung l mt thnh t quan trng to nn phong v dn tc, phong v qu hng. - N lu gi v to nn nhng nt ring ca vng min- Vn ha m thc c xem l mt thnh t quan trng to nn v gp phn lm phong ph bn sc vn ha ca dn tc.


2. Di gc x hi- Di gc x hi, m thc c coi l nt c trng phn bit giai tng trong x hi + Tng lp qu tc n ung cung nh+ Tng lp lao ng n ung bnh dn+ Tn gio n king, n chay


2. Di gc x hi (tip)- S phn bit giai cp x hi trong n ung cn c th hin qua nhng ba n nh m (ba n cng cm) - n ung l mt vn ln c c x hi quan tm bi n ung lun gn lin vi s sng ca con ngi - N l du hiu bit s pht trin, s thay i v pht trin ca kinh t - x hi.


2. Di gc x hi (tip)- Tnh x hi c biu hin trong n ung l np sng gia nh - Di gc x hi n ung cn gip cho vic nhn din nhng yu t c th nh: Tn gio, tn ngng.

Chng 1 ( tip)II. m thc t cc gc 3. Di gc y t- m thc c coi l mt trong nhng yu t mang li sc khe cho con ngi. - n ung c coi l ngun cung cp cc cht dinh dng cho c th ca con ngi (Protein; Lipit; Gluxit; Vitamin; Cht khong; Nc).

Chng 1 ( tip)II. m thc t cc gc 3. Di gc y t (tip)- n ung trc ht phi da trn c s khoa hc ng vai tr rt quan trng trong vic bi b sc khe v iu tr bnh. n ung hp l, cung cp y cc cht dinh dng s gip c th c sc khng, tng cng th cht lm cho c th con ngi sng khoi, c th phng nga bnh tt.

Chng 1 ( tip)II. m thc t cc gc 4. Di gc kinh t - Kinh t pht trin quan im n ung thay i- Xu hng i n nh hng, khch sn ca ngi dn ngy cng tng ln, c bit l khu vc thnh th. Cc hot ng nh: Hi ch m thc, lin hoan vn ha m thc lng qu, tun l m thc... C sc hp dn vi du khch v mang li li nhun ln cho cc n v tham gia.

Chng 1 ( tip)II. m thc t cc gc - T chc cc tour du lch khm ph m thc; cooking class c sc hp dn c khch ni a v khch quc t.- S xut hin ngy cng nhiu cc doanh nghip kinh doanh dch v n ung, c bit l cc nh hng - m thc cn l mt phng tin qung b cho hnh nh t nc, cho du lch v cc doanh nghip kinh doanh n ung.

Chng 1 ( tip)

III. Biu hin ca vn ha m thcQua gc vt chtChnh l nhng mn n, ung vi cht liu, s lng, mi v, mu sc, s sp t ca cc mn n, ung trong mm cm2. Qua gc tinh thn Chnh l cch ng x giao tip trong n ung v ngh thut ch bin mn n, ngha biu tng tm linh, cch trang tr mn n VHAT th hin nt VH ca cc dn tc, ngha biu tng, tm linh ca cc mn n.

Chng 1 ( tip)

IV. Vai tr ca vn ha m thc trong kinh doanh khch sn nh hng - Kinh doanh n ung chim mt v tr quan trng trong kinh doanh khch sn- nh hng. - Ngh thut m thc dn tc tr thnh mt loi Di sn vn ha, mt ti nguyn qu gi ca dn tc ni chung v ca ngnh du lch ni ring.

CHNG 2TP QUN V KHU V N UNG1. Khi nim tp qun n ungTp qun l thi quen, cch ng x c lp i lp li tr thnh n np c lan truyn rng ri trong cng ng ngi. Tp qun c xem nh l mt kha cnh ca tnh dn tc, mang bn sc VH dn tc. C nhng tp qun tt, tch cc v cng c nhng tp qun lc hu, tiu cc.Tp qun n ung ca mt dn tc, vng, a phng l thi quen c hnh thnh trong n ung, c mi ngi chp nhn v lm theo. Tp qun n ung ph thuc vo phong tc, tp qun a phng v iu kin kinh t.

CHNG 2TP QUN V KHU V N UNG ( Tip) 2. Khi nim khu v n ung Khu v n ung l s thch i vi thc n v cc v. Khu v gn lin vi mn n v n phn nh ngh thut n ung ca tng ngi, tng dn tc. Song khu v l vn rt phc tp, n khc nhau tng nc, tng vng, tng thi k. Khu v n ung ph thuc vo v tr a l, kh hu, vic s dng nguyn liu, s pht trin ca cng ngh ch bin, vic bo qun, d tr, yu t lch s vn ha, gii tnh, sc khe...

CHNG 2TP QUN V KHU V N UNG ( Tip) 2. Khi nim khu v n ung (tip)Ma nng: vic s dng cc nguyn liu c ngun gc thc vt l ch yu, cc mn n thng mt, t l nc nhiu.Ma lnh: Thin v s dng cc nguyn liu c ngun gc t ng vt, cc mn n thng c, nng, t l nc t.

CHNG 2TP QUN V KHU V N UNG ( Tip)3. Tnh cht v c im cc ba n3.1. Cc ba n thng3.1.1. Khi nim Ba n thng l ba n nhm mc ch cung cp cc cht dinh dng (sn sinh ra nng lng ) cho c th hot ng, duy tr s sng, sinh trng v pht trin. Ba n thng l ba n n gin, khng cu k, nhanh chng, n ly no.

CHNG 2TP QUN V KHU V N UNG ( Tip)* C cu cc ba n thng ca c chia thnh 3 ba: - Ba sng - Ba tra - Ba ti* C cu cc ba n thng ca u gm : 3 ba n chnh v 3 ba n ph

Chng 2 ( Tip)3. Tnh cht v c im cc ba n

3.1.2. Thi gian, tnh cht v c im cc ba n thng* Ba sng ( Breakfast)- Thi gian : + Chu : Thng din ra khong t 6h n 8h + Chu u : Thng din ra khong t 7h n 8h30

Chng 2 ( Tip)3. Tnh cht v c im cc ba n- Mn n : Cng c s khc bit rt ln+ Chu : Cc mn n rt phong ph, a dng bi ngun lng thc thc phm m ngi s dng v cng di do, bn cnh cn c s phi kt hp kho lo, cng vi tay ngh ch bin mn n t n nh cao ca ngh thut. V d : Ngi Vit Nam thng s dng cc mn n nh : Ph, bn, min... Ngi Hn Quc n cm, m...+ Chu u : Thng n xp, bnh m, trng, sa...

Chng 2 ( Tip)3. Tnh cht v c im cc ba nBa tra ( Lunch )- Thi gian : + Chu : Thng din ra khong t 11h n 13 h + Chu u : Thng din ra mun hn khong t 12h n 13h- Mn n : y l ba chnh v vy cc mn n rt giu hm lng cc cht dinh dng, nguyn liu, mn n, phng php ch bin c ch trng cu k, a dng hn.

Chng 2( Tip)3. Tnh cht v c im cc ba n + Chu : Mn n khng th thiu l cm, cc mn canh, cc mn n mn ( kho, rim...) + Chu u : Li c s khc bit rt ln l trong c cu ba n thng h u thc hin theo c cu cc mn n ( Mn khai v, mn n chnh, mn trng ming). Bn cnh , i km vi cc mn n phi l nhng loi ung ph hp.

Chng 2( Tip)3. Tnh cht v c im cc ba n Ba ti ( Dinner) Ba n ti l ba n chnh cui cng trong ngy nn thi gian dnh cho ba n ny nhiu hn ba khc. Ba n ti ca ngi chu thng din ra vo khong t 17h30 n 19h30 cn ba n ca ngi chu u din ra mun hn khong 19h n 20h. Cc mn n: i vi ngi u v , ba n ny cng gm nhiu mn n hn cc ba khc, thnh phn dinh dng phong ph, nng lng nhiu.

Chng 2( Tip)

+ Ba n : y l ba n rt quan trng v n l ba n sum hp gia nh sau ngy lm vic, hc tp + Ba n u: Gm cc mn n c ch bin bng cc nguyn liu thc phm d tiu ha, khng n cc loi tht, trng... kh tiu m ch yu thc phm l rau, c, qu, tht gia sc c mu trng, gia cm, c, chim... Ba n ny hu ht ngi chu u dng xp, ma h thng dng xp lnh, xp rau; ma ng dng xp nng c... Ba n ny i vi ngi u khng c ngha quan trng nh ngi .

Chng 2( Tip)

* Cc ba n phCc ba n ph theo tp qun truyn thng ca ngi u M c 3 ba n.- Ba ph sng (Coffee break, Morning tea...) Thi gian ca ba ph sng din ra khong t 10 n 10h30, thi gian dnh cho ba ny rt ngn thng thng khng qu 15 pht.

Chng 2( Tip)

Cc mn n ca ba ph sng: V y l ba n ph gia gi lm sng, mt mt gip cung cp nng lng cho c th, mt khc cng l th gin nn cc mn n thng dng l cc mn ngui, n nhanh, khng cu k nh gim bng, sandwich, hamberger, sa ti, bnh quy...- Ba ph chiu (Coffee break, Afternoon tea...)

Chng 2( Tip) + Thi gian khong 15h30 n 16h, thi gian dnh cho ba ny cng rt ngn khng qu 15 pht.+ Mn n: Ba n ny c n vo gia gi lm vic bui chiu nhm th gin v ly li sc nn ba n ny cng rt nh, ch gm nc tr, tri cy, sa ti, sa chua vi mt t bnh m, ko ngt...

Chng 2( Tip)- Ba ph ti (Supper ) + Thi gian khong 23h n 24h, thi gian dnh cho ba n ny ty thuc vo tnh cht ca ba n, nu l ba n ph ti thng thng ti nh trc khi i ng din ra rt nhanh, ch khong trn di 15 pht, nhng nu l ba tic m (d tic, tic chiu i m, v tic...) th thi gian di v c th ko di n 2 ting. + Mn n hu ht l cc mn ngui nh nhng: bnh m kp nhn tht v cc mn n kiu buffet. + ung: Nu l n thng dng nc qu ti, nu l n tic dng nhiu loi ru, ty thuc tng loi tic c th dng sm banh hoc cc loi cocktail...

Chng 2( Tip)3.2. Cc ba n c bit3.2.1. Khi nim Ba n c bit (tic) l ba n c t chc v l do c bit no nh ngoi giao, chiu i, lin hoan, nghi thc tn gio, th cng, sinh nht, ci... Loi ba n c bit theo truyn thng Vit Nam gi l c v hin nay c trong cc cuc vui, ngoi giao... gi l tic.

Chng 2( Tip) Ba n c bit ngc li vi ba n thng, n khng n gin v trc ht ba tic hoc c c t chc c phc v nhng dp c bit: ngoi giao, nghi l tn gio, tm linh... nn n khng p ng nhu cu n no m trc ht phi p ng nhng l do, mc ch t ra ban u nn i hi s cu k, cn thn v tun theo ng nhng nguyn tc hoc chun mc.

Chng 2( Tip) Ba n c bit ch c thc hin khi c hai ngi cng n tr ln v c t chc ti nhng a im nht nh, c s chun b t trc gm nhiu mn n, trnh by p v phi ph hp vi ni dung, tnh cht ca ba tic v chun mc nht nh.

Chng 2( Tip)* Tic buyp ph (buffer) Tic buyp ph l mt in hnh ca h thng tic ng kiu chu u, loi hnh tic ny c gi l tic ngui. Loi tic ny rt thng dng trn th gii v gn y Vit Nam. Cc ba n tra, ti, m c nghi thc long trng hay thn mt u c th t chc theo hnh thc buyp ph. Tic ny ph hp vi rt nhiu hon cnh li d t chc nn rt thun li cho ch tic, khch mi, v c cho ngi phc v.

Chng 2( Tip)* Tic buyp ph (buffer)- Cch thc t chc- Thc n- Thnh phn, s lng khch: Ph thuc vo ni dung, tnh cht cc loi tic- Tnh cht

Chng 2( Tip)* Tic ngi (benquet) Tic ngi l loi tic in hnh ca h thng tic, loi ny cng c th c gi l tic nng. Loi tic ny rt thng dng trn th gii v c Vit Nam. Cc ba tra, ti c nghi thc long trng nh: ci, lin hoan tng kt, khai trng, chiu i bn b hay thm ch chiu i cp quc gia u c th t chc theo hnh thc tic ngi. Tic ny ph hp vi rt nhiu trng hp mang tnh ph bin nn hu nh quc gia no hay bt c ai u bit loi tic ny.

Chng 2( Tip)* Tic ngi (benquet)- Cch thc t chc- Thc n- Thnh phn, s lng khch: Ph thuc vo ni dung, tnh cht cc loi tic- Tnh cht

Chng 2( Tip)II. Cc yu t nh hng n tp qun v khu v n ung 1. V tr a l v kh hu1.1. nh hng ca v tr a l n tp qun v khu v n ung- Tp trung cc u mi v giao thng- S dng nguyn liu, phng php ch bin, c cu cc ba n

Chng 2( Tip)II. Cc yu t nh hng n tp qun v khu v n ung 1. V tr a l v kh hu1.2. nh hng ca kh hu n tp qun v khu v n ung - Vng kh hu lnh

Chng 2( Tip) - Vng kh hu lnh + Thng s dng nhiu thc phm ng vt nhiu cht bo, nhiu tinh bt.+ Phng php ch bin ph bin l xo, rn, quay, hm.+ Cc mn n thng c, nng, t nc v n nhiu bnh.

Chng 2( Tip)* Vng c kh hu nng:- Dng nhiu mn n c ch bin t cc nguyn liu c ngun gc t thc vt. T l cht bo c trong mn n t hn. Thng thng vo ma nng thng hay n nhng thc n mt.- Phng php ch bin ph bin l: luc, nhng, trn, nu...- Cc mn n thng luc, n nhiu rau, nhiu nc

Chng 2( Tip)2. Lch s vn ha2.1. nh hng ca lch s n tp qun v khu v n ungS nh hng ca lch s th hin qua mt s c im c tnh quy lut nh sau:- Lch s ca dn tc no cng mnh th ch bin mn n cng phong ph, cng cu k, cng c o th hin r truyn thng ring ca dn tc .

Chng 2( Tip) - Chnh sch cai tr ca nh nc trong lch s cng bo th th tp qun v khu v n ung cng t b lai tp.2.2. nh hng ca vn ha n tp qun v khu v n ung- Vn ha cng cao th khu v cng tinh t v i hi s cu k, cn thn t khu la chn nguyn liu n k thut ch bin phc v...

Chng 2( Tip) S giao lu vn ha cng nhiu th ko theo c s giao lu vn ha n ung, v giao lu vn ha ni chung khng th tch ri giao lu vn ha n ung.3. Tn gio C th ni, tn gio l mt trong nhng yu t kh quan trng v quyt nh ti tp qun v khu v n ung ca quc gia. S nh hng ca yu t ny th hin mt s quy lut sau:

Chng 2( Tip)- Tn gio no s dng thc n lm vt th cng - Tn gio cng nghim ngt th nh hng cng nhiu, cng c nhiu iu cm k, t to ra tnh c bit ring ca tn gio v nhng ngi theo o .- Tn gio no cng mnh th phm vi nh hng ca n cng su sc

Chng 2( Tip)4. Kinh tKinh t cng l mt trong nhng yu t quan trng quyt nh n tp qun v khu v n ung.5. nh hng ca s pht trin du lch Cng vi khuynh hng hi nhp chung vo cc tro lu trn th gii Vn ha n ung cng ha vo qu trnh hi nhp chung

Chng 2( Tip)* Di nh sng ca khoa hc dinh dng hin i, cch n ca nhn dn ta trc y rt hp l .* Mt s khuynh hng mang tnh quc t

Chng 2( Tip)III. Tp qun v khu v n ung theo tn gio 1. o Hi1.1. S lc v o Hi- Ngun gc- Ngi sng lp- Tn gi

Chng 2( Tip) 1.2. Tp qun v khu v n ung ca nhng ngi theo o Hi - o Hi c nhng lut l rt nghim ngt. L hi Hi gio l ngy sinh ca thnh Mohamet vo cui thng 2 u thng 3. Trong l hi, ru v tht ln khi b cm trong ba n ca h.

Chng 2( Tip)1.2. Tp qun v khu v n ung ca nhng ngi theo o Hi Thng Ramadan hay cn gi l l tun n chay l thng th chn 9 theo lch Hi gio (t 17/4 17/5 dng lch) l thng l quan trng nht v cng l dp l tt nm mi ca tn Hi gio.

Chng 2( Tip) Ngi Hi gio thc hin rt nghim ngt v t gic theo nhng quy nh ca kinh thnh Coran. Mn n thng dng ca ngi o Hi l mn tht cu, cm nu cary Hu nh bt c ngi hi gio no cng khng n tht ln, tht ch, tht cc con vt b cht v bnh tt, tht cng thn, khng ung ru, ht thuc, dng cht kch thch gy nghin c ngi cho rng chnh v th nhng ngi n ng rp rt khe.

Chng 2( Tip)2. o Hinu2.1. S lc v o Hinu- Ngun gc- Ngi sng lp- Tn gi

Chng 2( Tip)

2.2. Tp qun v khu v n ung ca nhng ngi theo o Hinu o Hinu cm n tht b ci v ch phm t chng (theo h th b ci l con vt linh thing ), ngay c sa, ngi Hinu cng khng dng sa b m dng sa tru. o khng cm n tht v t h thch n chay. L hi ca h thng tp trung vo nhng ngy cui ng, u xun.+ L hi Raksha Bandha l l hi khng kht, tht cht tnh anh em, nam n ng mn, kt thc vo thng 7 v thng 8.+ Janam ashtamin l l hi mng ngy sinh ca thn Krishna vo thng 8.+ Dussebra l l hi chng qu d.+ Pivali l ngy hi nh sng vo ban ngy thng 10, thng 11. Mn n trong cc ngy l hi trn ch yu l mn Samosas gm chui, kp rau.

Chng 2( Tip)3. o Pht3.1. S lc v o Pht - Ngun gc: Pht gio c ngun gc t n - Du nhp vo Vit Nam TK VI(TCN)- Ngi sng lp: Shihatha Tt t a- Ni dung, t tng: S t bi, nhn i, yu chung ha bnh, khuyn con ngi lm iu thin v hng thin

Chng 2( Tip) T ni dung v t tng quy nh v gii lut, cc tn Pht gio phi king 5 th:+ Khng st sinh.+ Khng trm cp.+ Khng t dm.+ Khng ni di.+ Khng ung ru.

Chng 2( Tip) Pht gio lc u khng cm cc tn n tht. Tc n chay ch c thc hin di thi vua Lng V (502 - 547) ca Trung Quc t ra.3.2 Tp qun v khu v n ung ca nhng ngi theo o Pht Pht gio thc hin ch n chay + Tng, ni: Thc hin ch n chay hon ton+ Pht t: n chay theo ngy (1 15)

Chng 2( Tip)4. o C c (o Kit)4.1. S lc v o C c- Ngun gc- Ngi sng lp- Tn gi4.2 Tp qun v khu v n ung ca nhng ngi theo o C c

Chng 2( Tip)5. o Do Thi5.1. S lc v o Do Thi - Ngun gc- Ngi sng lp- Tn gi5.2 Tp qun v khu v n ung ca nhng ngi theo o Do Thi

Chng 2( Tip) Nhng ngi theo o Do Thi c rt nhiu quy nh nghim ngt trong n ung * Khng git m cc loi b, d, gia cm gi yu, bnh tt ly tht em bn. i vi cc loi vt cht khng bnh thng cng khng c n. * Khng c n tht sng * Khng c ung mu, n tit. * Khng c cng n tht b, tht cu v sa b, sa cu trong mt ba. * Khng c n m di phc np b, cu. * Khng c n gn, mng ca b, cu. * Quy nh khi git m cc loi b, cu, gia cm l khng c php ko di ni au ca cc con vt

CHNG 3TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM1. Cc yu t nh hng1.1. V tr a l, kh hu V tr a l Vit Nam nm trong vng ni ch tuyn nng m gn st ch tuyn Bc, ng thi li trung tm khu vc ng Nam

CHNG 3( Tip)1. Cc yu t nh hng1.1. V tr a l, kh hu (tip) Vit Nam c mt chiu di ng bin gii rt ln, tip gip vi nhiu nc, c trn t lin ln trn bin. t nc Vit Nam bao gm mt phn lnh th trn t lin v mt phn l vng bin v thm lc a vi din tch 329.600 km2 dn s khong chn mi triu ngi, phn b 3 min: Bc, Trung, Nam.

CHNG 3( Tip)1. Cc yu t nh hng1.1. V tr a l, kh hu Ngoi ra, Vit Nam l mt nc c kh hu nhit i gi ma m. Vit Nam nm trong vng ni ch tuyn nng m li trung tm khu vc ng Nam chu thuc vng nhit i gi ma. Kh hu c ma nng, ma lnh min Bc. Ma kh, ma ma min Nam. Bn cnh , h thng sng ngi Vit Nam phong ph, a dng

CHNG 3( Tip)1. Cc yu t nh hng 1.1. V tr a l, kh hu C th ni, y l nhng yu t mang tnh c bn tc ng n tp qun v khu v n ung ca cc vng dn c hoc ca mi dn tc. C th thy, v tr a l v kh hu nh vy to iu kin cho khu v n ung ca Vit Nam phong ph, a dng. Khu v n ung va mang c im ca vng kh hu nng va mang c im ca vng kh hu lnh. Nguyn liu thc phm phong ph, nhiu chng loi

CHNG 3( Tip)1. Cc yu t nh hng1.2. Lch s - vn ha Vit Nam c truyn thng lch s hng mnh hn bn nghn nm u tranh dng nc v gi nc, li lin tc b gic ngoi xm xm lc trong s thng tr ca cc triu nh phong kin Trung Quc nhiu nht v ko di nht. Xuyn sut trong tin trnh lch s dng nc v pht trin ca dn tc Vit Nam c tri qua t nhng thi k u

CHNG 3( Tip) 1.1. Cc yu t nh hng1.2. Lch s - vn ha

Nc Vn Lang Vng quc u LcThi Bc thucS bnh trng ca vn ha Trung HoaNhng cuc khi ngha u tranh ginh c lp Bc u c lp. Yu t lch s ny chi phi nn vn ha n ung ca Vit Nam rt nhiu. Vn ha m thc Vit Nam chu nhiu nh hng nhiu ca vn ha m thc Trung Hoa, vn ha Php, min Bc v min Nam chu nh hng nhiu ca vn ha n ung v li sng M.

CHNG 3( Tip)1. Cc yu t nh hng1.3. Tn gio Vit Nam ch yu l cc tn o Pht . Bn canh , cn c mt s tn gio khc nh : o C c, o Hi, o Ha Ho, o Cao i. Tn gio nh hng t nhiu n tp qun v khu v n ung ca Vit Nam.V d : o Pht - n chay ( i vi Tng, Ni : n chay hon ton tt c cc mn n u c ch bin t cc nguyn liu c ngun gc thc vt. i vi Pht T : n chay theo ngy : 1 v 15 hng thng )

CHNG 3 (tip)1. Cc yu t nh hng 1.4. Kinh t Nn kinh t nc ta dn thot khi s l thuc v tr tr t nm 1990 xa b c ch tp trung quan liu bao cp n nay c nhng bc pht trin quan trng. Np sng cng nghip c hnh thnh, thu nhp dn c dn n nh v ngy cng c nng cao, ngi dn khng ch i hi n no, mc m m pht trin ln n ngon, mc p, nhu cu gii tr, i du lch tng cao

CHNG 3( Tip)1. Cc yu t nh hng 1.4. Kinh t T nhng yu t mang tnh kinh t trn nh hng nhiu n tp qun v khu v n ung ca nc ta trong thi gian gn y, Mn n ca Vit Nam phong ph v a dng hn, phng php ch bin cu k hn.

CHNG 3( Tip)

2. Tp qun v khu v n ung ca Vit Nam (tip) Vit Nam l nc nng nghip trng la nc do vy m cch n ung hng ngy ca ngi Vit Nam bt ngun t nn vn ha nng nghip.2.1. Tp qun n ung T ngn xa, ngi Vit Nam n u phi l ch n no m cn thng thc n ngon, m ngon hay ngon ming l mt phm tr ln ca ngh thut m thc Vit Nam.

CHNG 3TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)- Lng thc thc phm Go l lng thc chnh. Ngoi ra cn s dng mt s loi khc nh: Ng, khoai, sn- Dng c n ung Ngi Vit Nam thng dng bt, a, n cm. Bt: Bt n cm l loi bt nh, su lng c ng knh ming t 10 12cm v s dng rt nhiu cc cht liu khc nhau (snh s, thy tinh, inox).

CHNG 3TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)- Dng c n ung(tip)a thng thng vt nh mt u gp n. a thng di khong 20 -25cm. a thng c lm t tre hoc g vt trn c ng knh 8mm, v gn y thy xut hin loi a lm t nha php, sngnhng vn khng tin li bng dng a tre v a g.

CHNG 3TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)-Gia v Trong ba n, ngi Vit Nam s dng nhiu loi gia v to v v to mi nh: to v hng, cay, mn, ngt, ht tiu, mui mm, ng, hnh, ti dng tm p, chm n km vi thc n. Vic s dng cc loi gia v ny c th dng ti nguyn, kh hoc dng bt, nc. Khu tm p gia v trong k thut ch bin mn n ng vai tr ht sc quan trng.

CHNG 3TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)- Gia v (tip) Hu nh cc mn n u c tm p gia v trc khi ch bin (tr mt s mn luc), c nhng mn n vic tm p gia v tr thnh b quyt ring ca mi ngi u bp to ra s c o, hp dn, thnh cng ca mi ngi n.

CHNG 3TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)- Phng php ch bin Cc mn n VN rt phong ph, a dng v chng loi v cht lng, khng c mt quc gia no c th thng k c ht s mn n ca nc mnh. V vy, phng php ch bin cng rt phong ph v a dng nhng ch yu l nu, rn, luc, kho V d: Vit Nam l mt nc c truyn thng lch s lu i, li l nc nng nghip trng la nc, c nhiu dn tc khc nhau do vy m cc sn phm t nng nghip c rt nhiu, cng vi phng php ch bin c o to ra rt nhiu cc mn n mang bn sc vn ha dn tc m .

CHNG 3TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)- C cu ba nNgi VN thng n 3 ba/ngy gm : Ba sng, ba tra, ba ti. Ba sng; l ba n im tm, n lt d, khng mang tnh cht n no. V d: Ba sng thng n ph, bn, cho, min Ba tra v ba ti l ba n chnh. Tuy nhin cm l mn n khng th khng c trong c cu cc ba n chnh ny. Ngoi ra cn s dng cc mn canh, mn mn

CHNG 3TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)- C cu mn n C cu mn n theo th t cc mn n : Mn khai v, mn n chnh, mn trng ming. Tuy nhin c cu mn n ny ch c thc hin trong c cu cc ba tic, c rt t khi s dng trong c cu cc ba n thng.

CHNG 3TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)- Cch phc vBa n c by ra mm,bn n. Ty theo tnh cht ca cc ba n m c cc cch phc v ph hp. V d : Trong cc ba tic, c cc mn n c by ra mm ngi chiu, phn, bn n. Hoc c th by cc mn n ra bn n. Tt c cc mn n u c trnh by p, hp dn th hin s thnh son ca ba n.

CHNG 3TP QUN V KHU V N UNG VIT NAM2.1. Tp qun n ung (tip)- Trng thi mn n Mn n c ch bin rt nhiu trng thi khc nhau t kh n t. Trng thi mn n rt phong ph v a dng. - Vn ha ng x trong n ung+ V tr+ Nghi l: Mi trc, trong v sau khi n

CHNG 3 (tip)

2.2. Khu v trong n ung2.2.1. Min Bc: - c im trong vn ha m thc ca min Bc: Khu v n va mang c im vng kh hu lnh va mang c im vng kh hu nng + V ma lnh: Ngi min Bc n rt nhiu tht v cc sn phm t tht (gi, ch), dng nhiu mn xo, nu, kho

CHNG 3( Tip)II 1.2 - Tp qun v khu v n ung ca Vit Nam (Tip)2.2.1. Min Bc (tip) + V ma nng: n nhiu mn canh c ch bin bng phng php luc, trnT l thc n c ngun gc thc vt nhiu hn ng vt, dng nhiu mn luc nu- Khu v n ung Ni n hng v v ca mn n Vit Nam ni chung, min Bc ni ring khng th khng ni n mn n H Ni

CHNG 3 (tip)

2.2.2. Min Trung: c im ni bt ca khu v n min Trung l cc mn n c v cay. t c s dng rng ri v ph bin trong cc mn n v ba n dng ti hoc kh, c th dng ch bin cng mn n v n km thm ngoi. Ngi min Trung cng a v ngt nhng va phi.Tiu biu khu v n vng ny l khu v n ca ngi Hu

Mn n tiu biu ca Hu- Bn b Hu

- Bn b Hu

Nm trong s nhng mn n ngon v m hng v nht ca m thc Vit Nam, bn cnh nhng mn n thng thc nh cm, ph, bnh m, h tiu th bn b Hu cn cng c a chung v iu th v l mn n ny c th c n vo mi bui t sng n chiu ti. Bn b Hu l mt c sn ca m thc Hu, tuy l bn b nhng ngoi tht b cn c tht heo. Hng v c bit ca mn n ny ch yu l v cay nng, mi s c trng ca nc lo. Vn l mt hng v Hu khng ln vo u c v chnh iu khin ngi n c nh mi v mn n ny.

- Bn b Hu

V c bn, bn b Hu ging nh ph vi mt t nc lo cng vi cc loi tht, gia v cng vi bn hoc bnh ph. Tuy nhin, cng ph thng mm v mng trong khi cng bn b cng v dai hn. Nu nghe qua ci tn ca mn n ny, hn ai cng s ngh Hu l mt vng t v tht b nhng tht ra Hu khng c nhiu tri nui b v cng khng c loi tht b tr danh no xut pht t Hu. Th nhng t bn b ny li vang danh khp t Vit ging nh thnh ph Hu, tuy khng c nhiu thnh tu nhng ci chn cht, gin d ca con ngi Hu li ghi du n su m vo lng nhng con ngi tng dng chn gh qua ni ny.

- Bn b Hu

Mn bn b Hu c ngt bi cay mn, tt c nhng hng v to thnh mt mn n ngon v Hu cng l vng t s cho bn nhng cm gic trn vn nht v mt Vit Nam xa v nay Bn b Hu c mt thc khch m t sau khi thng thc mn bn tuyt vi ny nh sau: Khi thng thc, nc dng bn thm ngy mi s, t, m hng v mm ruc Hu, cng vi nhng si bn do, mi, nut n lm sao. Ming gi heo chn sn, nhai c sn st, ming tht bp b va bi li va thm.

- Bnh bo Hu

- Bnh bo Hu

Khng bit c t bao gi, nhng bnh bo l mt c sn, mt mn n khng th thiu ca ngi dn x Hu. Bnh bo c mt t mm cm dn d mi gia nh cho n cc ba tic, ngy l, ngy Tt v cc dp i khch trng th. Bnh bo lm khng kh, nguyn liu lm bnh ch l go xay thnh bt mn, em ngm nc vi pht c do, lng va phi, sau mc vo tng chn nh, xp vo v em hp chn bng hi. Khi bnh chn cho thm gia v nh: tm gi tht nh, mt t du bo thc vt ti ln chn bnh trc khi n.

- Bnh bo Hu Nc chm bnh bo c nu t tm ti nn va c v ngt, va bo. Khi n, ty khu v tng ngi m dng t cho va... C dp n Hu, mi thy bnh bo gn b vi i sng sinh hot ca ngi dn c nh th no. Khong t 3 n 5h chiu, u trn cc ng ph nhng ph n gn gng trong b o di thong th bch b vi quanh gnh nh trn vai hoc chic thng nh cp ngang hng, i bn bnh bo, bnh lc n tng nh.

- Bnh bo Hu Ngi Hu rt thch v thnh thi quen dng loi bnh mang m hng v qu nh ny cho cc ba n ph, ch cn 1.000 ng l c mt a bnh bo lt d thm ngon. Bnh bo cng khng thiu trong cc ba "cm vua" phc v khch du lch v trong cc ba tic "cm cung nh" chiu i cc khch qu.

CHNG 3( Tip)

2.2.3. Min Nam - c im ni bt trong khu v Nam B l cay, ngt chua. to cc v ny, ngi nam b thng dng t t, me ng cho vo trc tip ch bin mn n.

CHNG 3 (tip)

2.2.3. Min Nam (tip)- Mn n tiu biu

- Lu mm Lu mm khng phi ca ring Si Gn, m l mn rut ca min Nam, biu tng ca sng nc min Nam. Mc du nh vn Sn Nam khng nh lu mm gc Chu c nhng ngun gc ca lu mm c th ni chc l ca dn Khmer, cng gc vi bn mm - mt loi nc mm kho lm nc lo n bn hoc n rau.

- Lu mm Nhng bin tu v sau ny chng qua l mt kiu tip bin vn ho m thc gia ngi Khmer bn a v ngi min Trung v Nam khn hoang. Bin tu m nht, c th ni l biu tng ca vng sng nc Nam b, l a rau honh trng vi hng chc loi rau. Cc loi rau trong lu mm: bng sng, l tai tng, rau m, rau da, bng b, bng so a, lc bnh, rau mung, rau nht, cn nc, rau ng, rau ng t, ko no, ci xanh, u rng, bp chui, gi, c tm, nm rm, nm dai, kh qua, u bp, cng cua, h, bng in in, t xoi, t chm rut, cn ty, thm, chui cht...

- Lu mm n tng th gic ca ngi n lu mm l mm rau, vi mu sc xanh vng. Xanh ca rau. ca bng so a Thi. Vng ca bng b. Trong khi , n tng v gic ca lu l nc lo mm chng. Mm thng l mm c sc, cng c ni dng mm lc, mm linh, mm trn. V mt s gia v khc km, t bt mi mm. Nhng dn snh iu li khng thch mi mm nht, bi vy mm b hc ca ngi Khmer min Ty mi lm nn danh gi ca mm chng, ca bn mm.

- Lu mm Ngoi ra, lu mm cn bin tu thm mt tng na, tr thnh mt tng hp thc phm ca c vng sng nc ln bin. Ngi ta dn thm: tht heo quay, c h, mc, c bu, tm, s, nghu... V l , ngi n cng phi bit phi ming cho cc v: nc, rau, tht, c, sao cho hi va hng va sc. Si Gn c mt s a ch ni ting v lu mm nh Phc Thnh trn ng L Th Ring c lch s thnh lp t nm 1949, Phong Lan ngoi cu Si Gn (i n nh mang nn bo him).

- Lu mm Chng hiu ngy ch tc ra lu mm, ng b ta ngh g, tnh ton dinh dng ra sao, c l dng rau t i ci mn ca mm, cn bng m dng. Cn by gi, gia lc ngi ta ngy cng b i nn bo ph, lu mm tr thnh mt th mn n thi thng hn cc loi lu khc, v l mt th lu n king. Cng c thuyt bo lu mm gc Cn Th, ban u c tn gi l lu mm Ninh Kiu. V hin nay ni ting nht x ny l lu mm D L. B ch qun ny cho bit lu y c iu chnh theo gu ca ngi n, tu hng ngi m gia gim mi v.

* ung Bn cnh nhng mn n c trng tiu biu cho khu v n tng vng khng th khng nhc ti cc loi ung. - Ru: c chng ct t go, ng - Ch: Ch yu mt s tnh nh Thi Nguyn, Yn Bi

Cu hi n tpMn: m thc Vit Nam1. Nu khi nim vn ha ca Unesco? Phn tch m thc di gc x hi?2. Nu khi nim vn ha m thc? Phn tch m thc di gc y t?3. Phn tch biu hin ca vn ha m thc qua gc vt cht v tinh thn? Cho v d c th?4. Phn tch khi nim tp qun n ung; khu v n ung?5. Trnh by khi nim, thi gian, tnh cht v c im cc ba n thng?

Cu hi n tpMn: m thc Vit Nam6. V tr a l v kh hu nh hng nh th no n tp qun v khu v n ung?7. Lch s vn ha v tn gio nh hng nh th no n tp qun v khu v n ung?8. Trnh by tp qun v khu v n ung ca Min Bc Vit Nam?9. Trnh by tp qun v khu v n ung ca Min Trung Vit Nam?10. Trnh by tp qun v khu v n ung ca Min Nam Vit Nam?

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