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ALUNOX
Schweisstechnik GmbH
Giesserallee 37a
D-47877 Willich
Tel +49 (0) 2154 94 53-0
Fax +49 (0) 2154 9453-30
www.alunox.eu
ALUNOX is thesafe choice for you.
ALUNOX is your programme: copper.
Electrode
Rod
Spool
Drum
Filler metals
Solid wires/WIG-rods • AX-CuAg 2.1211• AX-CuAl8 2.0921• AX-CuAl9Fe 2.0937• AX-CuAl8Ni2 2.0922• AX-CuAl8Ni6 2.0923• AX-CuMn13Al7 2.1367• AX-CuSi3 2.1461• AX-CuSi3A 2.1461• AX-CuSn 2.1006• AX-CuSn6 2.1022• AX-CuSn12 2.1056• AX-CuNi10Fe 2.0873• AX-CuNi30Fe 2.0837
Depending on production,
copper alloys are available
as forging or casting alloys.
They are divided into pure
copper, low alloyed up to
max. 5% and high alloyed
of more than 5% alloying
constituents. The low
alloyed are alloyed with Ag,
Mg, Zn, Pb or Si, the most
important high alloyed with
Zn (brass), Sn (bronze),
Sn+ Zn (red bronze), Ni+Zn
(nickel silver), Ni or with Al.
The oxygen content in
the copper has a decisive
influence from a technical
welding aspect. It is added
to improve the electrical
conductivity but also has
the effect of increasing the
absorption of hydrogen.
This leads to the formation
of cracks and loosening of
the structures (hydrogen
brittleness).
These copper materials
are therefore not weldable.
Types of copper used
in apparatus and tank
construction are for this
reason either molten
oxygen-free or deoxidized
with P.
Copper
Copper has long been
known as a basic material
and, because of its good
formability, became the first
metal used.
Copper can form alloys
with many metals, through
this, technical mechanical
properties such as tensile
strength, yield strength,
hardness, wear resistance
and others can be
influenced in a targeted
way.
Copper has a density of
8.9 g/ cm3 and belongs
to the non-ferrous metals.
Because of its cubic face-
centred lattice structure
(like austenitic steel) good
low temperatu re toughness
and cold workability is
present.
Copper has high electrical
and thermal conductivity
and good corrosion
resistance to many media.
Copper materials are
divided by their handling
state into:
• precipitation-hardening
• non-precipitation-
hardening materials
Precipitation-hardening
copper alloys are
practically not used for
welded constructions
because of precipitations
disadvantageous for
welding.
Welding of copper and
copper alloys
During welding copper also
tends to absorb oxygen and
hydrogen from the ambient
air. Care must therefore be
taken to ensure adequate
gas shielding.
Because of the high thermal
conductivity particularly
of the unalloyed and low
alloyed copper materials,
either the base material
must be preheated or a
high energy density welding
method must be chosen.
The level of the preheat
temperature depends on
the conductivity
of the base material and
the wall thickness.
With unalloyed copper from
3 mm preheating must be
approx. 300°C, with a wall
thickness of 15 mm approx.
500°C.
For clean and defect-
free weld seams and as
protection for the root side,
in many cases the use of
fluxes is of benefit. They
are applied before welding
onto the surface of the
workpiece, release the
oxide layers present during
heating and prevent them
reforming. Fluxes are mainly
used in gas and electric arc
welding.
Because of the high energy
density in many cases it is
possible to do without them
in shielded gas welding
processes. In TIG welding
fluxes are only still used in
exceptional cases, in MIG
welding not at all now.
In manual metal arc welding
the flux is often already
present in the coating.
With high preheat
temperatures, from approx.
300°C; flux should be used
as edge protection for the
weld zone.
Because of the high heat
expansion and the high
shrinkage of copper
materials caused by it,
sufficient tack welds or
clamp fastenings must be
used.
The TIG and MIG
processes are the main
welding processes used for
copper materials.
Gas welding is limited to
unalloyed copper, manual
arc welding only to repair
and restoration work.
The ALUNOX programme oncopper alloys.
AX-CuAg EN ISO 24373: S-Cu 1897 (CuAg1)
2.1211 AWS A 5.7: ERCuTypical analysis in % Cu P Mn AgBasis <0,05 <0,2 1,0
Product forms (per EN ISO 544)Spool Ø mm 1,0 1,2Rod Ø x
1000 mm 1,6 2,0 2,4 3,2 4,0
AX-CuAl9Fe EN ISO 24373: S-Cu 6180 (CuAl10Fe)
2.0937 AWS A 5.7: ERCuAl-A2Typical analysis in % Cu Al Ni Fe MnBasis 10,0 <1,0 1,5 <1,0
Product forms (per EN ISO 544)Spool Ø mm 1,2
AX-CuAl8Ni6 EN ISO 24373: S-Cu 6328 (CuAl9Ni5)
2.0923 AWS A 5.7: ERCuNiAlTypical analysis in % Cu Al Ni Fe MnBasis 9,0 4,5 3,5 1,3
Product forms (per EN ISO 544)Spool Ø mm 0,8 1,0 1,2 1,6Rod Ø x
1000 mm 2,0 2,4 3,2 4,0
AX-CuSi3 EN ISO 24373: S-Cu 6560 (CuSi3Mn1)
2.1461 AWS A 5.7: ERCuSi-ATypical analysis in % Cu Si Sn Fe MnBasis 3,0 0,1 0,1 1,0
Product forms (per EN ISO 544)Spool Ø mm 0,8 1,0 1,2 1,6Rod Ø x
1000 mm 1,6 2,0 2,4 3,2 4,0
AX-CuSn EN ISO 24373: S-Cu 1898 (CuSn1)
2.1006 AWS A 5.7: ERCuTypical analysis in % Cu Si Sn Al MnBasis 0,3 0,8 0,01 0,3
Product forms (per EN ISO 544)Spool Ø mm 0,8 1,0 1,2 1,6Rod Ø x
1000 mm 1,6 2,0 2,4 3,2 4,0
AX-CuSn12 EN ISO 24373: S-Cu 5410 (CuSn12P)
2.1056 AWS A 5.7: Typical analysis in % Cu Sn P FeBasis 12,0 <0,35 <0,1
Product forms (per EN ISO 544)Spool Ø mm 0,8 1,0 1,2 1,6Rod Ø x
1000 mm 1,6 2,0 2,4 3,2 4,0
AX-CuNi30Fe EN ISO 24373: S-Cu 7158 (CuNi30)
2.0837 AWS A 5.7: ERCuNiTypical analysis in % Cu Ni Mn Fe TiBasis 30,0 1,0 0,55 0,5
Product forms (per EN ISO 544)Spool Ø mm 1,2 1,6Rod Ø x
1000 mm 1,6 2,0 2,4 3,2 4,0
Other diameters upon request.
AX-CuAl8 EN ISO 24373: S-Cu 6100 (CuAl8)
2.0921 AWS A 5.7: ERCuAl-A1Typical analysis in % Cu Al FeBasis 8,0 0,4
Product forms (per EN ISO 544)Spool Ø mm 0,8 1,0 1,2 1,6Rod Ø x
1000 mm 1,6 2,0 2,4 3,2 4,0
AX-CuAl8Ni2 EN ISO 24373: S-Cu 6327 (CuAl8Ni2)
2.0922 AWS A 5.7: Typical analysis in % Cu Al Ni Fe MnBasis 8,7 2,3 1,3 1,8
Product forms (per EN ISO 544)Spool Ø mm 0,8 1,0 1,2 1,6Rod Ø x
1000 mm 2,0 2,4 3,2 4,0
AX-CuMn13Al7 EN ISO 24373: S-Cu 6338 (CuMn13Al7)
2.1367 AWS A 5.7: ERCuMnNiAlTypical analysis in % Cu Al Ni Fe MnBasis 8,0 2,0 2,5 13,0
Product forms (per EN ISO 544)Spool Ø mm 1,2 1,6
AX-CuSi3A EN ISO 24373: S-Cu 6560 (CuSi3Mn1)
2.1461 AWS A 5.7: ERCuSi-ATypical analysis in % Cu Si Sn Fe MnBasis 2,8 0,1 0,1 1,0
Product forms (per EN ISO 544)Spool Ø mm 0,8 1,0 1,2 1,6Rod Ø x
1000 mm 1,6 2,0 2,4 3,2
AX-CuSn6 EN ISO 24373: S-Cu 5180 (CuSn6P)
2.1022 AWS A 5.7: ERCuSn-ATypical analysis in % Cu Sn PBasis 6,0 0,25
Product forms (per EN ISO 544)Spool Ø mm 0,8 1,0 1,2 1,6Rod Ø x
1000 mm 1,6 2,0 2,4 3,2 4,0
AX-CuNi10Fe EN ISO 24373: S-Cu 7061 (CuNi10)
2.0873 AWS A 5.7: Typical analysis in % Cu Ni Mn Fe TiBasis 10,0 1,0 1,50 0,5
Product forms (per EN ISO 544)Spool Ø mm 1,2Rod Ø x
1000 mm 1,6 2,0 2,4 3,2