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ALTERNATIVE
ENERGY STATUS IN
PAKISTAN
PROF DR NASIM A. KHANSENIOR EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
OSMANI & COMPANY (PVT) LTD
14 MARCH 2013
DR. [email protected], [email protected]
7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY
EXPO CENTER, KARACHI
EARLY GOVERNMENT EFFORT
Originally the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission initiated projects in solar energy but this effort was soon transferred to other Ministries. 1960S [PEC]
They include Solar Energy Research Centre [SERC] under Pakistan Council for Scientific and Industrial Research [PCSIR] in the Ministry of Science and Technology;
Appropriate Technology Development Organization (ATDO) in the Ministry of Science and Technology;
a Directorate General of Renewable Energy Resources (DGER) in the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Resources; and
a Directorate of Renewable Energy [DAE] under the Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) in the Ministry of Water and Power.
Several solar-lit villages in different parts of the country and a small wind turbine established by the
Directorate of New and Renewable Energy Resourcesduring the 80s
SERCRESEARCH RESULTS
EARLY GOVERNMENT EFFORT
ATDO was later upgraded and renamed as the Pakistan Council for Appropriate Technology (PCAT) [1980S].
A new organization the National Institute of Silicon Technology [NIST], was also created in the Ministry of Science and Technology to develop solar cell manufacturing. [1980S]
All organizations under the Ministry of Science and Technology were later merged into the Pakistan Council for Renewable Energy Technology (PCRET) [1990S], while DGER and the Renewable Energy Directorate under WAPDA were either closed or were not utilized.
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SILICON TECHNOLOGY NOW PCRET BUILDING
PRIVATE SECTOR ALMOST NON EXISTENT
FINANCING/ LEGAL INSTITUTES
ALMOST NON EXISTENT
EXISTING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATIONS IN
PAKISTAN
AEDB [ALTERNATIVE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT BOARD] [2003/4]
PCRET [ PAKISTAN COUNCIL FOR RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGIES]
AED SINDH [ ALTERNATIVE ENERGY DEPARTMENT, GOVERNMENT OF
SINDH] [2005/6]
PUNJAB POWER DEVELOPMENT COMPANY [2007/8]
SINDH ELECTRICTY COMPANY [2009/10]
CURRENT PRIVATE SECTOR
RENEWABLE ENERGY ASSOCIATION OF PAKISTAN
PAKISTAN WIND ENERGY ASSOCIATION SOLAR ENERGY SOCIETY CONSULTANTS INSURANCE COMPANIES STUDENTS ENERGY ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS IN
UNIVERSITIES
SEVERAL BUSINESSES OPERATING SEVERAL NGOS PRESENT
ENERGY SECURITY DILEMMA
POPULATION PATTERN
ENERGY GENERATION PATTERN
SOLAR AND WIND ENERGY SCENARIO
POPULATION
PATTERN
EXISTING AND POTENTIAL HYDROPOWER
PROJECTS IN PAKISTAN
HYDRO-
POWERJAMMU&
KASHMIR
ENERGY GENERATION
PATTERN
EXISTING AND POTENTIAL OIL, GAS AND COAL
RESERVES IN PAKISTAN
HYDRO-
POWERJAMMU&
KASHMIR
SUI
THAR
COAL
LAKHRA
KHOST
SHARIGSOR-RANGE
OIL
THERMAL
THERMAL
ENERGY GENERATION
PATTERN
AVAILABILTY OF SOLAR ENERGY IN POPULATION
CENTERS IN PAKISTAN
JAMMU&
KASHMIR
SOURCE: SOLAR ENERGY
GUIDE AND DATABOOK
FOR PAKISTAN
N.A.KHAN
APRIL
JIWANI ORMARA
PANJGUR
NOKUNDI
DALBANDIN
KHUZDAR
QUETTA
SIBI
LORALAI
ZHOB
BARKHAN
KALAT
KARACHI
BADIN
HYDERABAD
SUKKUR
CHOR
NAWABSHAH
JACOBABAD
PADIDAN
BAHAWALPUR
BAHAWALNAGAR
FAISALABAD
LAHORE
ISLAMABAD
KHANPUR
MULTAN
SIALKOT
BALAKOT
CHITRAL
D. I. KHAN
DIR
DROSH
KAKULPARACHINAR
PESHAWAR
ASTOR
BUNJI
CHILAS
GILGIT
GUPIS
KOTLI
MUZAFFARABAD
SKARDU
8.3
9.1
4.5
3.0
5.9
4.2
2.3
2.1
3.5
2.1
5.0
2.0
3.5
5.1
3.3
3.4
2.5
1.8
2.1
3.2
1.6
1.9
1.2
1.9
3.3
2.7
0.9
JHELUM
1.7
3.8
2.4
0.9
3.0
0.9
3.0
1.9
2.3
2.5
2.6
1.5
3.3
3.9
1.3
3.0
MONTHLY WIND MAPPING OF PAKISTAN
DATA SOURCE: METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT OF PAKISTAN
COMPILED BY BRIG DR NASIM A. KHAN
STUDY REPORT BY
PAKISTAN COUNCIL FOR APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
MONTH: MAY
ANEMOMETER HEIGHT 30METERS
10.8
1 M/S
2 M/S
3 M/S
4 M/S
WIND SPEED
COLOUR CODE
5 M/S
6 M/S
7 M/S
8 M/S
9 M/S
10 M/S
MAY
JIWANI ORMARA
PANJGUR
NOKUNDI
DALBANDIN
KHUZDAR
QUETTA
SIBI
LORALAI
ZHOB
BARKHAN
KALAT
KARACHI
BADIN
HYDERABAD
SUKKUR
CHOR
NAWABSHAH
JACOBABAD
PADIDAN
BAHAWALPUR
BAHAWALNAGAR
FAISALABAD
LAHORE
ISLAMABAD
KHANPUR
MULTAN
SIALKOT
BALAKOT
CHITRAL
D. I. KHAN
DIR
DROSH
KAKULPARACHINAR
PESHAWAR
ASTOR
BUNJI
CHILAS
GILGIT
GUPIS
KOTLI
MUZAFFARABAD
SKARDU
8.1
9.0
5.2
3.4
5.9
6.1
3.0
2.9
3 .3
2 .2
5.1
2 .2
3.1
7.8
9.7
3.6
4.1
2 .5
2 .2
2.5
3.8
2 .3
1.9
1.4
2.5
4.3
4.0
0.9
JHELUM
1.7
4.6
2 .5
1.0
3 .3
1.1
3 .4
1.9
2 .5
2 .5
2 .9
1.5
3.6
3.3
1.3
3.1
MONTHLY WIND MAPPING OF PAKISTAN
DATA SOURCE: METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT OF PAKISTAN
COMPILED BY BRIG DR NASIM A. KHAN
STUDY REPORT BY
PAKISTAN COUNCIL FOR APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
MONTH: JUNE
ANEMOMETER HEIGHT 30 METERS
1 M/S
2 M/S
3 M/S
4 M/S
WIND SPEED
COLOUR CODE
5 M/S
6 M/S
7 M/S
8 M/S
9 M/S
10 M/S
JUNE
WIND MAPPING SURVEY FOR POWER POTENTIAL
PAKISTAN METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT WIND MEASURING SITES IN BALUCHISTAN
Pakistan Meteorological Department
WIND MAPPING SURVEY FOR POWER POTENTIAL
PAKISTAN METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENTWIND MEASURING SITES IN SIND
WIND TURBINES ON
COASTLINE OF KARACHI
DEVELOPED BY
DIRECTOR PROJECT 10 CORPS, ADVANCED ENGINEERING
RESEARCH ORGANIZATION (AERO), SOLAR TEAM EME,NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR ALTERNATIVE ENERGY (NCAE)
IN COLLABORATION WITH DHA KARACHI, VOLTA BATTERIES,
OCEAN SERVICES, NICE LINK TRUST, SOLAR PRODUCTS INCORPORATED PAKISTAN, WIND
BARON
WIND LIT COAST OF DHA KARACHI
Street lights of Beach Avenue, DHA Karachi
Micro wind turbines installed at
Village Dandari, Ghora Bari, Thatta Sindh
TWO WIND PUMPS BY MERIN PVT OPERATIONAL IN BALOCHISTAN
Project experienceTechnical Advisor
Hybrid Power System
Community Managed
Client New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Trade (MFAT)
Location Coastal Balochistan, Pakistan
Date 2002 ongoing, (Co-partnered with Empower Consultants Ltd)
Facilities; Solar-diesel hybrid system
Services; Resource assessment, System design, Site installation
Hybrid System Installation
Wind, Solar and Diesel
Client New Zealand Ministry of Foreign
Affairs & Trade (MFAT)
(Co-partnered with Empower Consultants Ltd)
Location Durgai, Baluchestan, Pakistan
Date 2003
Facilities
7.5 kW wind turbine, 0.5 kW solar panels, a 10 kW diesel
generator, and 60 x 2v long-life
acid batteries.
Services Resource assessment
System design Site installation
Project experienceTechnical Advisor
GHARO-KATIBANDAR-HYDERABAD WIND CORRIDOR AT 50 METERS
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
MONTH
ME
TE
RS
/SE
CO
ND
HYDERABAD
GHARO
KATIBANDAR
JIWANI ORMARA
PANJGUR
NOKUNDI
DALBANDIN
KHUZDAR
QUETTA
SIBI
LORALAI
ZHOB
BARKHAN
KALAT
KARACHI
BADIN
HYDERABAD
SUKKUR
CHOR
NAWABSHAH
JACOBABAD
PADIDAN
BAHAWALPUR
BAHAWALNAGAR
FAISALABAD
LAHORE
ISLAMABAD
KHANPUR
MULTAN
SIALKOT
BALAKOT
CHITRAL
D. I. KHAN
DIR
DROSH
KAKULPARACHINAR
PESHAWAR
ASTOR
BUNJI
CHILAS
GILGIT
GUPIS
KOTLI
MUZAFFARABAD
SKARDU
8.1
9.0
5.2
3.4
5.9
6.1
3.0
2.9
3 .3
2 .2
5.1
2 .2
3.1
7.8
9.7
3.6
4.1
2 .5
2 .2
2.5
3.8
2 .3
1.9
1.4
2.5
4.3
4.0
0.9
JHELUM
1.7
4.6
2 .5
1.0
3 .3
1.1
3 .4
1.9
2 .5
2 .5
2 .9
1.5
3.6
3.3
1.3
3.1
MONTHLY WIND MAPPING OF PAKISTAN
DATA SOURCE: METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT OF PAKISTAN
COMPILED BY BRIG DR NASIM A. KHAN
STUDY REPORT BY
PAKISTAN COUNCIL FOR APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
MONTH: JUNE
ANEMOMETER HEIGHT 30 METERS
1 M/S
2 M/S
3 M/S
4 M/S
WIND SPEED
COLOUR CODE
5 M/S
6 M/S
7 M/S
8 M/S
9 M/S
10 M/S
JUNE
.
Average summer wind
direction from Gharo to
Hyderabad
GHARO AREA
MICRO SITING OF WIND FARMS BY AEDB EXPERTSWIND PROJECTS IN PAKISTAN
AEDB DATA
50m Wind Mast Zephyr Power
WIND PROJECTS IN PAKISTAN
60m Wind Measuring Mast- NPE
First 60m Wind Measuring mast in
Pakistan
(www.KonDen.com)
LAND IN JHIMPIR, THATTA DISTRICT, SINDH
JHIMPIR
WIND PROJECTS IN PAKISTAN
AEDB DATA
JHIMPIR AREA WIND FARMS
AEDB DATA
85m Wind Measuring Mast- Masterwind
85m Wind Measuring Mast- Masterwind
85m Wind Measuring Mast- Zorlu
85m Wind Measuring Mast- Zorlu
WIND FARM AT JHIMPIR
010
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
NUMBER OF WIND SPEED DATA COLLECTION MASTS INSTALLED IN PAKISTAN
INSTALLED/YR CUMULATIVE MASTS
WIND ENERGY POWER PROJECTS TARIFF
S.No Name of IPP
Tariff (US$ Cents
per kWh) Date Announced
1 Dawood Power Ltd 11.87 6 Dec, 2008
2 Zorlu Enerji 13.3456 13 Dec, 2011
3 FFC Energy Ltd 16.109 10 Aug, 2010
4
Three Gorges First WInd Farm
Pakistan 13.9399 15 Dec, 2011
5 Yunus Energy Ltd 17.3672 15 Feb, 2012
6 Foundation Wind Energy - I Ltd 14.1359 16 Mar, 2012
7 Foundation Wind Energy - II Ltd 14.1164 16 Mar, 2012
8 Tenaga Generasi Ltd 13.6202 26 April, 2012
9 Gul Ahmed Wind Power Ltd 14.6098 8 May, 2012
10 Sapphire Wind Power Company Ltd 13.2483 8 May, 2012
11 Metro Power Company Ltd 14.5236 15 May, 2012
12 Master Wind Energy Ltd 14.532 29 June, 2012
13 Zephr Power Ltd 15.9135 24 May, 2012
14 Sachal Energy Development Pvt Ltd 14.8618 3 Jan, 2012
13.9399 15 Dec, 2011
AEDB DATA
STAKEHOLDER ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED IN WIND POWER PROJECTS
AEDB
GOVT OF SINDH
NEPRA
NTDC
HESCO
KESC
INVETSTORS
INVESTORS
STATE BANK OF PAKISTAN
NATIONAL BANK OF PAKISTAN
HABIB BANK OF PAKISTAN
MUSLIM COMMECIAL BANK
ALLIED BANK
FAYSAL BANK
ASKARI BANK
LEGAL AND FINANCING INSTITUTES DEVELOPED
LEGAL COUNCILS; KABRAJI & TALIBUDDIN HAIDERMOTA & CO
FINANCIAL CONSULTANTS; BRIDGE FACTOR
WIND ENERGY CONSULTANTS ME CONSULT RER OSMANI WIND ROSE IPEC
EXISTING SOLAR
ENERGY SCENARIO IN
PAKISTAN
SOLAR POTENTIAL OF PAKISTAN
TOTAL ANNUAL SOLAR ENERGY OVER
PAKISTAN= 2,324,320,000,000 MWH
SOLAR POTENTIAL IS
30,000 TIMES
ANNUAL ENERGY GENERATED IN PAKISTAN
KEL
BURZIL
VINJORE
MARA
POST
RANAK
DHAR
AWARAN
QUETTA
ADILGOMA
GYONG GHAYARI
NARAM ADM PAIJU
IHEC
SKARDUHAMZI GHUND
LEH
NULLAHSHAKMA
GULTARI
OLDING
BUNYAL
SERVING THE NATION WITH A DIFFERENCE
DUMBA BAO
GILGIT
NEKRUN
SHARDA
URAN
KEL
TARIQ
CAMP
KARACHI
GHARO
SOLAR SYSTEMS LAB
COLLEGE OF EME
MINI SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANTSPONSORED BY
MINISTRY OF S&T AND UNESCO
MINI SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANTSPONSORED BY
MINISTRY OF S&T AND UNESCO
SOLAR CELL FABRICATION MACHINE AT
SOLAR SYSTEMS LAB
CADMIUM TELLURIDE SOLAR CELLS
FABRICATED AT SOLAR SYSTEMS LAB
SOLAR WATER DISINFECTOR FOR 100 LITERS/DAY
INSTL OF SOLAR PANEL AT IHEC
18,500 FEET ELEVATION
SOLAR LIGHTS AT
GOMA HOSPITAL
SOLAR LIGHTS AT
GOMA WORKSHOP
DEMONSTRATION OF SOLAR PV SYSTEMS
TO MASSES IN NA
Solar lighting System on top of Mosque in
Awaran, Balochistan
SOLAR LIT ROOMI PARK
RAWALPINDI
SOLAR LIT PRESIDENCY PARK
SOLAR LIT PARK AT
GILGIT
SOLAR LIT CAA PARK
GILGIT
FCNA GATE LIT BY NIGHT WITH SOLAR ENERGY
SOLAR CARDESIGNED BY STUDENTS AT
SOLAR SYSTEMS LAB
CAN BE IMPROVED FOR AUTO RICKSHAWS
FRONT WALL AFTER GLASS FITMENT
FINAL FRONT VIEW OF THE HOSPITAL IN WINTERS
Hospital at Jambar Kashmir being heated by solar
heated water
STIRLING ENGINE DEVELOPED IN PAKISTAN
STIRLING ENGINE DEVELOPED IN PAKISTAN
Remote Village Electrification
Demonstration project of 100 solar homes at Narian Khorian completed, and inaugurated by the Prime Minister in June 2005.
Pilot project of 100 solar homes in each province completed.
A total of 1,762 homes electrified in 30 villages so far in all four provinces
7,874 off-grid villages to be electrified by AEDB in Balochistan (6,968) and Sindh (906)
400 (300 in Balochistan and 100 in Sindh) to be electrified in the Ist phase of the program
3000 homes in Sindh electrified
Overview of village
Bharomal (Sindh)
SINDH
3000
HOMES
ALLAH BAKHSH DANDAR, BALOCHISTAN
SOLAR WATER PUMPING FROM COAL MINE
NE recently completed a successful installation of Pakistan's
largest solar water pumping system. The system employs a
solar array size of 7 kW and is capable of delivering a daily
water output of more than 600,000 litres.
DHA CITY
KARACHI
PAKISTAN ENGINEERING
COUNCIL
ISLAMABAD
SOLAR PV CELL MANUFACTURERS
AKHTER SOLAR
SARA SOLAR
AROUND 9 MW OF SOLAR PV CELLS HAVE BEEN MANUFACTURED AND
INSTALLED IN PAKISTAN
Around $ 100 MILLIONS MARKET
BIO-ENERGY
BIO-DIESEL POLICY APPROVED AND AVAILABLE
THOUSANDS OF ACRES OF JATROPHA, PONGAMIA PLANTED
BIO GAS PLANTS [5000 INSTALLED, 1000 BEING INSTALLED IN PUNJAB]
GERMAN AGENCY FOR TECHNICALCOOPERATION (GTZ)
Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency Programme of six years duration
Initiated in October 2003
Euro 3,500,000 committed by Germany for the first two years of the Programme
Aims to improve capacity / capability of the Public & Private Sectors for RE, including
i) Rural Electrification
ii) Energy Efficiency activities in selected
SMEs
UNDP-GEF
Two-year project for Sustainable Development of Utility Scale Wind
Power Production approved by GoP
Project funding amounts to US $ 3.1 Million
Aims to elaborate on the existing wind policy
Country-wide wind resource assessment also part of the project
USAID / SOUTH ASIAN REGIONAL INITIATIVE ON ENERGY (SARI)
Country-wide Wind and Solar Resource Assessment carried out under the
USAID/SARI Programme amounting to
US $ 1.9 Million
Project spanned over a two-year time period; initiated in 2004
CONCLUSION
EUROPEAN ENERGY SOURCES SHIFT TO NOTE
SHARE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN ALL NEW POWER (GW)
IN EUROPE DURING THE YEAR 2009
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
WIND
GAS
SOLAR
PV
COAL
BIOMASS
OIL
WASTE
NUCLEAR
HYDRO
SOLAR
CSP
ENERGY SOURCE
PO
WE
R G
IGA
WA
TT
S
ENERGY CYCLE OF TRANSITION
OF WEST
WOOD COAL
OIL & GAS
NUCLEAR
SOLAR/AE
MILLIONS
OF YRS
150 YEARS
50
YRS
50
YRS
NIL
THOUSANDS OF YRS
NIL WOOD
(MILLIONS OF YEARS)
ENERGY CYCLE OF TRANSITION
OF REMOTE AREAS OF PAKISTAN
ENERGY CYCLE OF TRANSITION
RECOMMENDED STRATEGY PAKISTAN
WOOD COAL
OIL & GAS
NUCLEAR
SOLAR/AE
MILLIONS
OF YRS
150 YEARS
50 YRS
50
YRS
NIL
THOUSANDS OF YRS
INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES
A QUESTION IS, WHEN WOULD AN
AVERAGE PAKISTANI USE ENERGY
EQUAL TO ENGLAND OF 1970 ?
PLAN SUCH A TARGETTED
GROWTH FOR THE
YEAR 2030 OR 2050
IN REALITY
IN PAKISTAN,
SOLAR ENERGY AND WIND
ARE THE ACTUAL SOURCES
REST ALL ARE ALTERNATE SOURCES OF ENERGY